Title: UIGHUR Act of 2018
Policy area: International Affairs

Summary:
Uighur Intervention and Global Humanitarian Unified Response Act of 2018 or the UIGHUR Act of 2018
This bill restricts executive agencies from procuring goods and services from foreign persons involved in China's mass detention of the Uyghurs, a predominantly Muslim Turkic ethnic group in Xinjiang province. It also places export controls on various technologies used to facilitate the mass detentions.

[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 7384 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






115th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 7384

 To counter the mass arbitrary detention of Turkic Muslims, including 
 Uighurs, within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's 
               Republic of China, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           December 20, 2018

Mr. Sherman (for himself, Mr. Yoho, Mr. Connolly, Mrs. Wagner, and Mr. 
  McGovern) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
  Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on 
Oversight and Government Reform, and the Judiciary, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
  of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
                               concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To counter the mass arbitrary detention of Turkic Muslims, including 
 Uighurs, within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's 
               Republic of China, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Uighur Intervention and Global 
Humanitarian Unified Response Act of 2018'' or the ``UIGHUR Act of 
2018''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The continued commitment of the United States to the 
        international promotion of fundamental rights and freedoms is 
        critical to global stability and the security and prosperity of 
        the American people.
            (2) The relationship between the United States and the 
        People's Republic of China is of immense geopolitical and 
        economic importance, and it is imperative that bilateral 
        engagement encompass the full spectrum of contested issues, 
        including human rights matters such as freedom of speech and 
        freedom of religion.
            (3) The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of 
        Racial Discrimination has cited estimates that approximately 
        1,000,000 ethnic or religious minorities within the Xinjiang 
        Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China are 
        currently being arbitrarily detained in ``political re-
        education camps'', including members of the Uighur, Kazakh, 
        Kyrgyz, and Tartar communities, among others.
            (4) The mass arbitrary detention of persons on the basis of 
        their religious or ethnic background, without due process of 
        law or individualized credible allegations of wrongdoing 
        against each detained individual, is not a credible or 
        effective counterterrorism strategy and constitutes a severe 
        violation of international norms and standards.
            (5) Turkic Muslims within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
        Region, and elsewhere within the People's Republic of China and 
        globally, have further been subjected to discriminatory 
        policies and practices that seek to limit or otherwise restrict 
        their exercise of universal rights.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States 
to--
            (1) oppose the mass arbitrary detention of Turkic Muslims 
        within the People's Republic of China on the basis of their 
        religion, ethnicity, or actual or perceived political views and 
        without due process protections;
            (2) support efforts to combat governmental discrimination 
        against ethnic minorities within the People's Republic of 
        China, including against policies which seek to suppress or 
        otherwise constrain the religious, cultural, or linguistic 
        practices of Turkic Muslim communities or to limit the ability 
        of members of such communities to travel domestically or 
        internationally;
            (3) hold senior regional officials in the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China accountable 
        for gross human rights violations within the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region, including through the application of United 
        States sanctions authorities, and voice concerns regarding such 
        violations in interactions with the Government of the People's 
        Republic of China;
            (4) seek the immediate cessation of all efforts by the 
        Government of the People's Republic of China to intimidate, 
        harass, or intrusively surveil members of the Chinese diaspora 
        community, including Turkic Muslims, present within the United 
        States;
            (5) pursue a lifting of all improper restrictions upon 
        journalists, nongovernmental organizations, and American 
        officials operating within, or seeking to operate within, the 
        Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region;
            (6) recognize that the actions of the Government of the 
        People's Republic of China in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
        Region are inherently linked with its One Belt One Road 
        Initiative, as well as its Strike Hard Campaign; and
            (7) engage all appropriate instruments of United States 
        influence to combat gross violations of human rights in the 
        Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, penalize entities and 
        persons that facilitate such violations within the Xinjiang 
        Uighur Autonomous Region, including the mass arbitrary 
        detention of Turkic Muslims, and deter policies or activities 
        of the People's Republic of China, or agents thereof, that seek 
        to constrain the freedom of speech or religion of members of 
        Turkic Muslim communities globally.

SEC. 3. POLITICAL RE-EDUCATION AND MASS ARBITRARY DETENTION.

    (a) Advocacy With Chinese Authorities.--The Secretary of State, in 
meetings with representatives of the Government of the People's 
Republic of China, should urge--
            (1) the release of all persons detained in the Xinjiang 
        Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China on 
        the basis of their religion, ethnicity, or actual or perceived 
        political views;
            (2) an end to the practice of ``political re-education'' or 
        mass arbitrary detention practices derivative thereof; and
            (3) the immediate cessation of all governmental actions 
        that discriminately deprive members of Turkic Muslim 
        communities, including the Uighur community, of fundamental 
        rights, such as freedom of expression, freedom of religion, and 
        freedom of movement, including with respect to domestic or 
        international travel.
    (b) Documentation Study and Report.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with 
        the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall conduct a 
        study to document the mass arbitrary detainment of Turkic 
        Muslims in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the 
        People's Republic of China. Such study shall, at a minimum, 
        include geographic information regarding the location of 
        suspected detainment facilities, estimates of the number of 
        people detained in such facilities, a timeline of escalatory 
        discrimination against Turkic Muslims, detailed information 
        regarding the refoulement of Turkic Muslims to the People's 
        Republic of China, and, to the maximum extent practicable, 
        information derived from interviews with former detainees of 
        such facilities, including with respect to conditions in 
        detention facilities.
            (2) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall prepare and 
        make available to the public a report that contains the results 
        of the study conducted under paragraph (1).

SEC. 4. INTERNATIONAL ADVOCACY.

    (a) Advocacy at the United Nations.--The President should instruct 
representatives of the United States at the United Nations to use the 
voice and vote of the United States to condemn the mass arbitrary 
detainment of Turkic Muslims within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
Region of the People's Republic of China, and to encourage United 
Nations Member States to similarly condemn and advocate against such 
activities.
    (b) Advocacy in Central Asia.--The Secretary of State, in meetings 
with representatives of relevant governments of Central Asian 
countries, should urge such governments to provide appropriate 
assistance, including assurances of safety, to Turkic Muslims from the 
Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China 
residing in the respective territories of such countries.
    (c) Additional International Advocacy.--The Secretary of State, in 
appropriate meetings with representatives of foreign governments, 
particularly those affiliated with countries that participate in the 
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, should urge such governments to 
raise the issue of human rights in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
Region in their respective interactions with officials of the People's 
Republic of China.
    (d) Advocacy Against Refoulement.--The Secretary of State, in 
appropriate meetings with representatives of foreign governments 
identified in the report required under subsection (g) of section 302 
of the U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-286; 22 U.S.C. 
6912), pursuant to the information required under paragraph (3)(B) of 
subsection (h) of such section (as added by section 14 of this Act), 
describing those countries that have refouled Turkic Muslims to the 
People's Republic of China, should urge such governments to not 
repatriate or extradite Turkic Muslims to the People's Republic of 
China when such persons may be subject to gross violations of basic 
human rights, including mass arbitrary detention, or on the basis of 
conduct or associations which would not constitute offenses under 
United States law or regulation.

SEC. 5. APPLICATION OF GLOBAL MAGNITSKY HUMAN RIGHTS ACCOUNTABILITY 
              ACT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
President should consider imposing sanctions under the Global Magnitsky 
Human Rights Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 
114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note)) against senior regional officials in the 
Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region responsible for facilitating the mass 
arbitrary detention of Turkic Muslims within such region, until such 
time as such senior regional officials cease to participate in such 
activities.
    (b) Public Statement.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall release a public 
statement, to be made available prominently on the website of the White 
House or an appropriate Federal agency, regarding any sanctions against 
senior regional officials in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.
    (c) Report.--
            (1) In general.--In the event sanctions have not been 
        imposed against senior regional officials in the Xinjiang 
        Uighur Autonomous Region by the date that is 180 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall transmit 
        to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
        Senate and make available to the public a report detailing the 
        deliberations underlying the determinations of the President to 
        not impose such sanctions.
            (2) Form.--Any report required under paragraph (1) shall be 
        transmitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified 
        annex.

SEC. 6. RESTRICTIONS ON FEDERAL PROCUREMENT.

    (a) Foreign Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (d), the 
head of an executive agency may not enter into or renew a contract, on 
or after the date that is one year after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, for the procurement of goods or services with a foreign 
person who at any time within the preceding three years substantially 
facilitated or provided substantial knowing assistance, as determined 
by such head in accordance with subsection (c), with respect to the 
mass arbitrary detainment of Turkic Muslims within the Xinjiang Uighur 
Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China on the basis of 
associations or conduct which would not constitute offenses under 
United States law or regulation.
    (b) Domestic Consideration.--Except as provided in subsection (d), 
the head of an executive agency shall, before entering into or renewing 
a contract, on or after the date that is one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, for the procurement of goods or services with a 
United States person who at any time within the preceding three years 
substantially facilitated or provided substantial knowing assistance, 
as determined by such head in accordance with subsection (c), with 
respect to the mass arbitrary detainment of Turkic Muslims within the 
Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China on 
the basis of associations or conduct which would not constitute 
offenses under United States law or regulation, take into consideration 
such facilitation or assistance (as the case may be), provide adverse 
consideration to such proposed contract, and, to the extent 
practicable, assess the availability of such goods or services from 
alternative United States persons.
    (c) Procedure.--In making the determinations and assessments 
required under subsections (a) and (b), as the case may be, the head of 
the executive agency at issue shall, except in the case of contracts 
for the procurement of routine goods or services in support of United 
States Government activities or operations within the People's Republic 
of China or any Special Administrative Region thereof, consult with the 
Secretary of Commerce, unless such agency has independently determined 
the contract to be entered into or renewed would be denied as a result 
of being entered into or renewed with a--
            (1) foreign person domiciled or having its principal place 
        of business within the People's Republic of China, or United 
        States person such agency has reasonable grounds to believe is 
        a corporate affiliate thereof;
            (2) foreign or United States person with respect to whom 
        such agency has reasonable grounds to believe the prohibitions 
        or requirements under subsections (a) or (b), as the case may 
        be, likely apply; or
            (3) foreign person whom the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
        the House of Representatives or the Committee on Foreign 
        Relations of the Senate, or any Member thereof, identifies in a 
        written communication to such agency is likely subject to the 
        prohibitions or requirements under subsections (a) or (b), as 
        the case may be.
    (d) Waiver.--The President is authorized, upon 30 days prior 
written notification to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate, to waive the prohibitions and requirements under subsections 
(a) and (b), as the case may be, with respect to a person if the 
President determines that such prohibition or requirement, as the case 
may be, would negatively impact the national security or national 
interests of the United States.
    (e) Annual Reports.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter for a period 
        of five years or until such time as the President certifies in 
        writing to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
        Senate that the mass arbitrary detainment of Turkic Muslims 
        within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region has ceased, the 
        President shall transmit to such committees a report that 
        identifies each foreign person the President has determined is 
        described in the prohibition under subsection (a) or each 
        United States person that has been denied a contract subject to 
        the adverse consideration provided for under subsection (b) 
        and, in addition, an identification of each foreign person and 
        United States person with respect to whom the President has 
        authorized a waiver under subsection (d).
            (2) Form.--Each report required under paragraph (1) shall 
        be transmitted in unclassified form but may contain a 
        classified annex.
    (f) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Executive agency.--The term ``executive agency'' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 133 of title 41, United 
        States Code, other than any element described in section 3(4) 
        of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)).
            (2) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means any 
        person, including any corporation, partnership, or other 
        organization, that is not a United States person.
            (3) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means any United States citizen or alien admitted for 
        permanent residence in the United States, and any corporation, 
        partnership, or other organization organized under the laws of 
        the United States or of any State or United States territory.

SEC. 7. EXPORT CONTROL RESTRICTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Paragraph (1) of section 902(b) of the Foreign 
Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (Public Law 
101-246; 22 U.S.C. 2151 note) is amended, in the matter preceding 
subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and, in the case of any report issued 
on or after the date of the enactment of the Uighur Intervention and 
Global Humanitarian Unified Response Act of 2018, the Xinjiang Uighur 
Autonomous Region'' after ``Tibet''.
    (b) Data Analysis and Biometric Technologies.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall deny any 
        application for a license under part I of subtitle B of title 
        XVII of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 
        for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232; 132 Stat. 2209; 50 
        U.S.C. 4811 et seq.) for export to the People's Republic of 
        China, including any Special Administrative Region thereof, of 
        any machine learning, pattern recognition, artificial 
        intelligence, quantum computing, or biometric technology unless 
        the applicant provides a sworn affirmative written 
        certification that such technology will not knowingly be used 
        by such applicant or any affiliate of such applicant, or 
        knowingly sold or otherwise provided to any third party, to 
        facilitate the mass arbitrary detention of Turkic Muslims in 
        the People's Republic of China on the basis of associations or 
        conduct which would not constitute offenses under United States 
        law or regulation or to otherwise further conduct described in 
        any regulation promulgated pursuant to paragraph (2)(A).
            (2) Designation of additional conduct and technologies.--
        The Secretary of Commerce may prescribe regulations applying 
        the prohibitions and requirements described in paragraph (1) to 
        additional categories of--
                    (A) conduct directly relating to pervasive human 
                rights violations targeted against Turkic Muslims in 
                the People's Republic of China; or
                    (B) advanced technology determined by the Secretary 
                to be substantially derivative of the technologies 
                described in paragraph (1).
            (3) Rule of construction.--Nothing in paragraph (1) or (2) 
        shall be construed to require or endorse the issuance of a 
        license for export to any applicant with respect to any of the 
        technologies described in paragraph (1) irrespective of such 
        applicant's provision of an affirmative written certification 
        described in paragraph (1).
    (c) Entity List.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall, in consultation 
with other relevant Federal officials, promulgate regulations providing 
for end-user restrictions on any element of the Ministry of Public 
Security of the People's Republic of China, or entity acting on its 
behalf, which is located in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region and 
is determined to substantially facilitate the mass arbitrary detention 
of Turkic Muslims in the People's Republic of China on the basis of 
associations or conduct that would not constitute offenses under United 
States law or regulation.

SEC. 8. DISCLOSURE OF TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING XINJIANG AUTHORITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce shall require any person 
seeking any license under part I of subtitle B of title XVII of the 
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
(Public Law 115-232132 Stat. 2209; 50 U.S.C. 4811 et seq.) to provide, 
prior to the issuance of any license for export to the People's 
Republic of China, including any Special Administrative Region thereof, 
to the Secretary either--
            (1) a sworn written declaration listing all sales or 
        transfers of products or services within the prior three years 
        to any law enforcement, public safety, or state security 
        agency, or provider of law enforcement, public safety, or state 
        security services to any such agency, located within the 
        Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of 
        China, irrespective of whether such products or services are 
        subject to export control restrictions, which shall contain an 
        annex specifically identifying any such sales or transfers 
        which the applicant knows furthered or advanced the mass 
        arbitrary detention or targeted surveillance of Turkic Muslims 
        within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's 
        Republic of China; or
            (2) a certification describing that such person has not 
        knowingly engaged in any sales or transfers of products or 
        services within the prior three years to any law enforcement, 
        public safety, or state security agency, or provider of law 
        enforcement, public safety, or state security services to any 
        such agency, located within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
        Region of the People's Republic of China, irrespective of 
        whether such products or services are subject to export control 
        restrictions.
    (b) Waiver.--The Secretary of Commerce may waive or limit the 
requirement under subsection (a) if--
            (1) the Secretary provides a written certification to the 
        Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate that the 
        People's Republic of China has ceased to detain or discriminate 
        as a matter of policy against Turkic Muslims within the 
        Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region on the basis of their 
        religion, ethnicity, or actual or perceived political views;
            (2) the Secretary determines, on a case-by-case basis, that 
        the application of subsection (a) to any particular person 
        would be impracticable and the applicant for issuance of a 
        license under part I of subtitle B of title XVII of the John S. 
        McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
        commits in writing to submit to the Secretary of Commerce 
        written records of any subsequent or pending sale or transfer 
        that would have been required to be declared under subsection 
        (a) absent a finding of impracticability that occurs within 
        three years of the date of issuance of the requested license 
        within 30 days of the instigation of any such subsequent or 
        pending sale of transfer; or
            (3) the Secretary determines, on a case-by-case basis, and 
        provides a written certification to the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Foreign Relations of the Senate that the application of 
        subsection (a) to any particular person with respect to a 
        specific transaction would negatively impact the national 
        security of the United States.
    (c) Congressional Reporting.--On not less than an annual basis, the 
Secretary of Commerce shall provide to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
of the Senate any declarations provided to the Secretary under 
subsection (a)(1) which contain information which demonstrates a person 
has engaged in transactions which likely contributed to the mass 
arbitrary detention or targeted surveillance of Turkic Muslims within 
the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of 
China.
    (d) Further Disclosure.--Notwithstanding clause (ii) of section 
1761(h)(2)(B) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2019, a committee or subcommittee of Congress of 
appropriate jurisdiction may disclose any information made available 
under clause (i) of such section that relates to any declaration 
provided to the Secretary of Commerce under subsection (a)(1) if such 
information--
            (1) is redacted to only include information which 
        demonstrates a person has engaged in transactions which likely 
        contributed to the mass arbitrary detention or targeted 
        surveillance of Turkic Muslims within the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China; and
            (2) does not contain any technical plans or other technical 
        data consisting of nonpublic proprietary information of the 
        applicant.

SEC. 9. PROTECTION OF JOURNALISTS AND NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States 
to--
            (1) engage all appropriate instruments of United States 
        influence to seek the release of United States citizens and 
        aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United 
        States and personnel of United States-based nongovernmental 
        organizations or journalistic enterprises, including Radio Free 
        Asia, and family members thereof, detained by the People's 
        Republic of China as a result of journalistic, religious, 
        academic, economic, or peaceful advocacy activities undertaken 
        within or regarding the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of 
        the People's Republic of China that would be lawful if 
        undertaken in the United States;
            (2) protest any inappropriate restrictions imposed upon 
        United States persons serving as journalists or employees of 
        nongovernmental organizations, journalists or employees 
        affiliated with news publications or nongovernmental 
        organizations based in the United States, or United States 
        officials with respect to travel to or within the People's 
        Republic of China, including to or within the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region; and
            (3) make relevant United States officials, including 
        officials of the Department of State, reasonably available to 
        such family members, publications, or organizations impacted by 
        such detentions or restrictions within the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region for purposes of discussing the detention of 
        or restrictions placed upon their respective family members, 
        publications, or organizations by the People's Republic of 
        China and the efforts of the United States to address such 
        detentions or restrictions.
    (b) Reporting Requirement.--The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (12) of section 116(d) (22 U.S.C. 
        2151n(d))--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)(ii), by striking the period 
                at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(D) in countries in which United States persons 
                serving as journalists or employees of nongovernmental 
                organizations, or journalists or employees affiliated 
                with news publications or nongovernmental organizations 
                based in the United States, or family members thereof, 
                have been detained, an assessment of--
                            ``(i) whether such detentions are likely 
                        intended to chill or otherwise restrict free 
                        speech or advocacy activities; and
                            ``(ii) the extent to which the United 
                        States has taken or will take action to 
                        encourage an end to such detentions.''; and
            (2) in section 502B (22 U.S.C. 2304)--
                    (A) by redesignating the second subsection (i), 
                (relating to child marriage, as added by section 
                1207(b)(2) of the Violence Against Women 
                Reauthorization Act of 2013 (Public Law 113-4)), as 
                subsection (j); and
                    (B) in subsection (i) (relating to the status of 
                freedom of the press in certain countries)--
                            (i) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following 
                        new paragraph:
            ``(4) in countries in which United States persons serving 
        as journalists or employees of nongovernmental organizations, 
        or journalists or employees affiliated with news publications 
        or nongovernmental organizations based in the United States, or 
        family members thereof, have been detained, an assessment of--
                    ``(A) whether such detentions are likely intended 
                to chill or otherwise restrict free speech or advocacy 
                activities; and
                    ``(B) the extent to which the United States has 
                taken or will take action to encourage an end to such 
                detentions.''.

SEC. 10. PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AND CENSORSHIP.

    (a) Radio Free Asia.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States should--
            (1) take measures, both technical and diplomatic, to 
        overcome the jamming of Radio Free Asia in the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region by the Government of the People's Republic of 
        China; and
            (2) expand the availability of and capacity for Uighur 
        language Radio Free Asia programming in the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region.
    (b) United States Agency for Global Media.--It is the sense of 
Congress that the United States Agency for Global Media (formerly known 
as the Broadcasting Board of Governors) should--
            (1) applaud reporters of entities affiliated with the 
        Agency who, in their independent journalistic discretion, 
        pursue reporting relating to human rights issues in the 
        Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of 
        China; and
            (2) recognize the importance of widely distributing news 
        content regarding human rights issues in the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, 
        particularly within the Middle East, North Africa, Central 
        Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, consistent with the 
        Agency's independent editorial discretion.
    (c) Internet Censorship.--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        internet filtering and censorship, as undertaken by the 
        People's Republic of China through the Great Firewall and 
        related technical means, is an infringement upon the universal 
        right to free speech, a violation of the Chinese people's right 
        to access information, and a trade barrier against United 
        States technology enterprises.
            (2) Legal strategy against censorship practices.--Not later 
        than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
        President shall, in consultation with the Office of the Legal 
        Advisor of the Department of State and the general counsel 
        offices of such other Federal elements as the President 
        determines appropriate, transmit to the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Foreign Relations of the Senate a strategy to contest the 
        legality under international law of the internet censorship 
        practices of the Government of the People's Republic of China, 
        including within the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, 
        including details regarding measures the United States could 
        undertake in international forums to contest such practices.

SEC. 11. PRESERVATION AND PROMOTION OF THE UIGHUR LANGUAGE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States should--
            (1) oppose efforts by the People's Republic of China to 
        restrict usage of local languages within the Xinjiang Uighur 
        Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, including 
        the Uighur language, including bans on such usage in 
        educational facilities attended by members of Turkic Muslim 
        communities;
            (2) support efforts to preserve the Uighur language; and
            (3) expand opportunities for the people of the United 
        States to gain exposure to and expertise in the Uighur 
        language.
    (b) Uighur Language Training.--The Secretary of State shall 
endeavor, to the maximum extent practicable, to make Uighur language 
training available to Foreign Service officers and other relevant 
United States Government personnel employed by or affiliated with the 
Department of State with portfolios involving the Xinjiang Uighur 
Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.
    (c) Uighur Language Visa Services.--The Secretary of State shall 
ensure that--
            (1) at a minimum, either the United States diplomatic 
        facility closest in proximity to the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
        Region of the People's Republic of China or the embassy in 
        Beijing has the capability and capacity to process visa 
        applications and provide related immigration or travel services 
        in the Uighur language; and
            (2) to the extent practicable, United States forms for visa 
        applications or related immigration or travel services 
        frequently utilized by members of the Uighur community be made 
        available in the Uighur language.
    (d) Uighur Language Website.--The Secretary of State shall--
            (1) establish a website in the Uighur language, either 
        affiliated with the United States diplomatic facility closest 
        in proximity to the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the 
        People's Republic of China or the embassy in Beijing;
            (2) endeavor to ensure such website contains key documents, 
        press releases, and other such materials determined to be 
        uniquely relevant to Turkic Muslim communities within the 
        People's Republic of China; and
            (3) to the extent practicable, take technological measures 
        to protect against the blocking or censorship of such website.

SEC. 12. PROTECTIONS FOR DIASPORA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States should forcefully oppose and protest all unlawful efforts by the 
Government of the People's Republic of China to censor, monitor, or 
otherwise exert pressure against Turkic Muslims present within the 
United States, as well as all other persons present within the United 
States.
    (b) Mechanism for Reporting Incidents.--The Secretary of State 
shall--
            (1) not later than one year after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, establish a website for the confidential reporting 
        of harassment or surveillance by representatives or agents of 
        the Government of the People's Republic of China within the 
        United States or against United States persons located abroad;
            (2) take technical measures to ensure reports submitted 
        over such website are encrypted and that, to the maximum extent 
        practicable, the identifying information of those individuals 
        who submit such reports remains confidential;
            (3) endeavor to publicize the availability of such website 
        to individuals and personnel who are not subject to any 
        mandatory foreign contact reporting requirements, including to 
        individuals on college campuses, including international 
        student groups, college administrators, and campus public 
        safety personnel, and to personnel of nongovernmental 
        organizations, policy institutes, and other similar entities, 
        and who are likely to be subject to harassment or surveillance 
        by representatives or agents of the Government of the People's 
        Republic of China;
            (4) transmit to appropriate Federal, State, or local law 
        enforcement information, whether obtained through the reporting 
        mechanism described in paragraph (1) or otherwise obtained from 
        any nongovernmental source, regarding credible allegations of 
        unlawful harassment or surveillance, including any potential 
        conspiracies against rights under section 241 of title 18, 
        United States Code, by representatives or agents of the 
        Government of the People's Republic of China within the United 
        States, or in the event the transmittal of such information to 
        such law enforcement may negatively impact the national 
        security or national interests of the United States or such 
        information relates to activity outside the jurisdiction of any 
        such law enforcement entity, to at least one Federal element 
        described in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 1947 
        (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)); and
            (5) in coordination with the heads of other relevant 
        Federal agencies, prepare a strategy for countering harassment 
        or surveillance by representatives or agents of the Government 
        of the People's Republic of China within the United States, 
        including against members of Turkic Muslim communities.
    (c) Educational Institution Reporting Requirement.--The President 
shall promulgate and enforce regulations requiring any institution of 
higher education that participates in a program under title IV of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.) to, in the event 
such institution becomes aware of any incident of harassment or 
surveillance within the United States by agents or representatives of 
the Government of the People's Republic of China against persons 
affiliated with such institution or otherwise occurring on its campus, 
promptly report such incident to the Secretary of State, using either 
the mechanism described in subsection (b) or other available means.

SEC. 13. REPORTS.

    (a) Report on Advanced Technologies.--Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the Secretary of Commerce and the heads of other 
relevant Federal agencies, shall submit to the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and make available to the public a report--
            (1) describing the nature and specifications of software or 
        hardware technologies, including relating to predictive 
        policing and large-scale data collection and analysis, used by 
        the Government of the People's Republic of China to enable or 
        otherwise facilitate mass arbitrary detentions of Turkic 
        Muslims in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region; and
            (2) to the extent practicable, identifying the companies or 
        other entities that substantially participated in the design, 
        manufacturing, or deployment of such technologies.
    (b) Report on Social Credit System.--Not later than one year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall 
submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and make available to the public a report describing efforts of the 
People's Republic of China to establish a social credit system, 
including information regarding--
            (1) human rights concerns and implications of such system, 
        including with respect to the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
        Region;
            (2) the ability of such system to harm or otherwise impact 
        the geopolitical or economic interests of the United States, 
        including the potential use of such system as a means to 
        disfavor persons who affiliate with the United States 
        Government, purchase from or establish commercial ties with 
        entities based within or having a substantial presence within 
        the United States, or engage in speech or publication 
        activities, including commercial speech or publication 
        activities, which the Government of the People's Republic of 
        China is reasonably likely to seek to constrain;
            (3) the strategic and political considerations informing 
        the decision of the People's Republic of China to pursue 
        development of such system;
            (4) the extent to which such system may make use of United 
        States technologies or contain personal information relating to 
        United States persons or entities; and
            (5) such other additional matters relating to such system 
        that the Secretary of State determines appropriate, 
        particularly with respect to use and deployment in the Xinjiang 
        Uighur Autonomous Region of such system.
    (c) Form.--The reports required by subsections (a) and (b) shall be 
submitted and made available in unclassified form, but either or both 
of such reports, or any separate components thereof, may contain or be 
included in, as the case may be, classified annexes if such is 
determined appropriate.

SEC. 14. CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA.

    (a) In General.--Subsection (h) of section 302 of the U.S.-China 
Relations Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-286; 22 U.S.C. 6912; relating to 
the Congressional-Executive Commission on the People's of Republic of 
China) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) specific information regarding--
                    ``(A) activities of the Government of the People's 
                Republic of China in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous 
                Region, or against Turkic Muslim communities elsewhere 
                in the People's Republic of China or globally, which 
                may constitute grounds for sanctions or other adverse 
                actions under United States law or regulation; and
                    ``(B) any countries which have refouled Turkic 
                Muslims to the People's Republic of China.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) of this 
section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and 
apply with respect to the first report required under subsection (g) of 
section 302 of the U.S.-China Relations Act of 2000 that is issued 
after such date.

SEC. 15. UNITED STATES-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION.

    (a) In General.--Paragraph (2) of section 1238(c) of the Floyd D. 
Spence National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public 
Law 106-398; 22 U.S.C. 7002, relating to the United States-China 
Economic and Security Review Commission) is amended by adding at the 
end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(L) The development or deployment of technologies 
                by the People's Republic of China that facilitate mass 
                arbitrary detention of ethnic or religious minorities, 
                the economic and security implications of such 
                technologies, and the use of such technologies within 
                the People's Republic of China, including in the 
                Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) of this 
section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and 
apply with respect to the first report required under paragraph (1) of 
section 1238(c) of the Floyd D. Spence National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2001 that is submitted after such date.
                                 <all>