Title: Jobs and Justice Act of 2018
Policy area: Social Welfare

Summary:
Jobs and Justice Act of 2018
This bill addresses a wide variety of domestic policy matters and focuses on economically distressed communities, opportunities for minorities and the disadvantaged, and civil rights enforcement.
Included in the programs and requirements affected are those concerning:

[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5785 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






115th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 5785

             To advance Black families in the 21st century.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              May 11, 2018

Mr. Richmond (for himself, Mr. Lewis of Georgia, Ms. Norton, Ms. Maxine 
Waters of California, Mr. Bishop of Georgia, Mr. Clyburn, Mr. Hastings, 
 Ms. Eddie Bernice Johnson of Texas, Mr. Rush, Mr. Scott of Virginia, 
 Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, Ms. Jackson Lee, Mr. Cummings, Mr. Danny 
K. Davis of Illinois, Mr. Meeks, Ms. Lee, Mr. Clay, Mr. David Scott of 
   Georgia, Mr. Butterfield, Mr. Cleaver, Mr. Al Green of Texas, Ms. 
Moore, Ms. Clarke of New York, Mr. Ellison, Mr. Johnson of Georgia, Mr. 
  Carson of Indiana, Ms. Fudge, Ms. Bass, Ms. Sewell of Alabama, Ms. 
 Wilson of Florida, Mr. Payne, Mrs. Beatty, Mr. Jeffries, Mr. Veasey, 
  Ms. Kelly of Illinois, Ms. Adams, Mrs. Lawrence, Ms. Plaskett, Mrs. 
Watson Coleman, Mr. Evans, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Brown of Maryland, 
 Mrs. Demings, Mr. Lawson of Florida, and Mr. McEachin) introduced the 
 following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, 
 and in addition to the Committees on Oversight and Government Reform, 
Financial Services, Transportation and Infrastructure, Ways and Means, 
Energy and Commerce, the Budget, Education and the Workforce, Science, 
  Space, and Technology, Veterans' Affairs, Homeland Security, Armed 
Services, Small Business, House Administration, and Agriculture, for a 
 period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
                          committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
             To advance Black families in the 21st century.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS; FINDINGS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Jobs and Justice 
Act of 2018''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents; findings.
                            DIVISION A--JOBS

                   TITLE I--MAIN STREET MARSHALL PLAN

                         Subtitle A--In General

Sec. 1001. Submission of data relating to diversity by certain 
                            contractors.
Sec. 1002. Submission of data relating to diversity by issuers.
Sec. 1003. Sense of Congress on infrastructure spending.
Sec. 1004. Sense of Congress on infrastructure workforce development.
Sec. 1005. Qualification of rehabilitation expenditures for public 
                            school buildings for rehabilitation credit.
Sec. 1006. Supplemental appropriation for the drinking water State 
                            revolving funds.
Sec. 1007. Highway projects.
Sec. 1008. Public transportation projects.
Sec. 1009. Establishment of performance measures for transportation 
                            accessibility.
Sec. 1010. Supplemental appropriation for TIGER discretionary grant 
                            program.
Sec. 1011. Definitions.
Sec. 1012. Purpose and reservation.
Sec. 1013. Allocation to States.
Sec. 1014. Need-based grants to qualified local educational agencies.
Sec. 1015. Annual report on grant program.
Sec. 1016. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 1017. School infrastructure bonds.
Sec. 1018. Expansion of qualified zone academy bonds.
Sec. 1019. Annual report on bond program.
Sec. 1020. Allowable uses of funds.
Sec. 1021. Prohibited uses.
Sec. 1022. Green practices.
Sec. 1023. Use of American iron, steel, and manufactured products.
Sec. 1024. Comptroller General report.
Sec. 1025. Study and report physical condition of public schools.
Sec. 1026. Development of data standards.
Sec. 1027. Information clearinghouse.
Sec. 1028. Temporary increase in funding for impact aid construction.
                    Subtitle B--Building Resiliency

Sec. 1201. Definitions.
Sec. 1202. Community Resilience Grant Program.
Sec. 1203. National Research Center for Resilience.
Sec. 1204. Annual programs report.
Sec. 1205. GAO reports.
Sec. 1206. Funding.
                           TITLE II--POVERTY

Sec. 2001. Allocation of funds for assistance in persistent poverty 
                            counties.
Sec. 2002. Sense of the Congress.
Sec. 2003. Findings.
Sec. 2004. Definitions.
Sec. 2005. Applications.
Sec. 2006. Demonstration authority; annual grants.
Sec. 2007. Reserve fund.
Sec. 2008. Eligibility for participation.
Sec. 2009. Deposits by qualified entities.
Sec. 2010. Regulations.
Sec. 2011. Annual progress reports.
Sec. 2012. Sanctions.
Sec. 2013. Evaluations.
Sec. 2014. Costs of training qualified entities.
Sec. 2015. Waiver authority.
Sec. 2016. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 2017. Conforming amendments.
Sec. 2018. General effective date.
Sec. 2019. Low-income sewer and water assistance pilot program.
                    TITLE III--WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 3001. Job skills training for older individuals.
Sec. 3002. Extension of work opportunity tax credit for certain 
                            targeted groups.
Sec. 3003. Youth and summer jobs.
Sec. 3004. YouthBuild program.
Sec. 3005. Tax credit for providing programs for students that promote 
                            economic and financial literacy.
Sec. 3006. Teacher recruiting.
Sec. 3007. Recidivism reduction working group.
Sec. 3008. Commendable release program.
Sec. 3009. Increase in work opportunity tax credit for hiring qualified 
                            ex-felons.
Sec. 3010. Entrepreneurship apprenticeships.
Sec. 3011. Expansion of eligible programs.
Sec. 3012. Model standards and guidelines for credentialing 
                            environmental health workers.
Sec. 3013. Environmental health workforce development plan.
Sec. 3014. Environmental health workforce development report.
Sec. 3015. Public service loan forgiveness.
Sec. 3016. Definitions.
Sec. 3017. Grants to prepare girls and underrepresented minorities.
Sec. 3018. GAO study.
Sec. 3019. Contents of study.
Sec. 3020. Report.
Sec. 3021. Grants to units of general local government.
Sec. 3022. Back to Basics Job Creation grant program.
Sec. 3023. Grants for provision of transition assistance to members of 
                            the Armed Forces recently separated from 
                            active duty service.
Sec. 3024. Credit for employees participating in qualified 
                            apprenticeship programs.
Sec. 3025. Findings.
Sec. 3026. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 3027. Reservation of funds for administrative and other purposes.
Sec. 3028. Summer employment opportunities for at-risk youth.
Sec. 3029. Year-round employment for opportunity youth.
Sec. 3030. Connecting-for-opportunities competitive grant program.
Sec. 3031. Labor standards.
Sec. 3032. Privacy.
Sec. 3033. Innovation and learning.
Sec. 3034. Evaluation and reports.
Sec. 3035. Definitions.
Sec. 3036. Minimum wage increases.
Sec. 3037. Tipped employees.
Sec. 3038. Newly hired employees who are less than 20 years old.
Sec. 3039. Publication of notice.
Sec. 3040. Promoting economic self-sufficiency for individuals with 
                            disabilities.
Sec. 3041. General effective date.
Sec. 3042. Prohibitions relating to prospective employees' salary and 
                            benefit history.
Sec. 3043. Private right of action under the National Labor Relations 
                            Act.
Sec. 3044. Findings and purpose.
Sec. 3045. Urging employment, on-the-job training, and apprenticeships 
                            for unemployed African-American young men 
                            in rebuilding the Nation's crumbling 
                            infrastructure.
Sec. 3046. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 3047. Increase in research credit for contracted research with 
                            United States businesses.
Sec. 3048. Homeland Security cybersecurity workforce; personnel 
                            authorities.
Sec. 3049. Protecting Social Security, railroad retirement, and black 
                            lung benefits from administrative offset.
Sec. 3050. Expansion of authority for noncompetitive appointments of 
                            military spouses by Federal agencies.
Sec. 3051. Report on mechanisms to increase participation in Department 
                            of Defense contracts of firms with programs 
                            to employ military spouses.
Sec. 3052. Improvement of education and career opportunities programs 
                            for military spouses.
Sec. 3053. Military family childcare matters.
Sec. 3054. Expansion of period of availability of Military OneSource 
                            program for retired and discharged members 
                            of the Armed Forces and their immediate 
                            families.
Sec. 3055. Transition assistance for military spouses.
Sec. 3056. Public-private partnerships on health, safety, welfare, and 
                            morale of military families.
Sec. 3057. Small business activities of military spouses on military 
                            installations.
Sec. 3058. Report on assessment of frequency of permanent changes of 
                            station of members of the Armed Forces on 
                            employment among military spouses.
                            TITLE IV--HEALTH

Sec. 4001. Study on the uninsured.
Sec. 4002. Volunteer dental projects and action for dental health 
                            program.
Sec. 4003. Critical access hospital improvements.
Sec. 4004. Community health center collaborative access expansion.
Sec. 4005. Improving opportunity diaper distribution demonstration 
                            project.
Sec. 4006. Findings.
Sec. 4007. Findings.
Sec. 4008. Expanding research and education with respect to endometrial 
                            cancer.
                        TITLE V--SMALL BUSINESS

Sec. 5001. Direct loans to small business concerns.
Sec. 5002. Pilot program to fund local incubators.
Sec. 5003. Funding for organizations that support startup businesses.
Sec. 5004. Expanding broadcast ownership opportunities.
Sec. 5005. Permanent increase of limitation on deduction for start-up 
                            and organizational expenditures.
Sec. 5006. Veteran small business start-up credit.
Sec. 5007. Inspector General report on participation in FAA programs by 
                            disadvantaged small business concerns.
Sec. 5008. Minority and disadvantaged business participation.
Sec. 5009. Passenger facility charges.
Sec. 5010. Annual tracking of certain new firms at airports with a 
                            disadvantaged business enterprise program.
Sec. 5011. Audits.
Sec. 5012. Prompt payments.
Sec. 5013. Expansion of credit for expenditures to provide access to 
                            disabled individuals.
Sec. 5014. Reporting requirements for certain small business concerns.
                     TITLE VI--ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 6001. Economic growth, retention, and recruitment of commercial 
                            investment in economically underserved 
                            communities.
Sec. 6002. Minority Bank Deposit Program.
Sec. 6003. Reporting certain positive consumer credit information to 
                            consumer reporting agencies.
Sec. 6004. Gender and racial and ethnic diversity in appointing Federal 
                            Reserve bank presidents.
Sec. 6005. Allocations under new markets tax credit made more 
                            competitive.
Sec. 6006. Extension and improvement of new markets tax credit.
                 TITLE VII--HOUSING AND ASSET BUILDING

Sec. 7001. Sense of Congress regarding the right of all renters to a 
                            safe, affordable, and decent home.
               Subtitle A--A Path to Ending Homelessness

Sec. 7101. Congressional findings.
Sec. 7102. Emergency relief funding.
Sec. 7103. Housing Trust Fund.
Sec. 7104. Technical assistance funds to help States and local 
                            organizations align health and housing 
                            systems.
Sec. 7105. Permanent authorization of appropriations for McKinney-Vento 
                            Homeless Assistance Act grants.
Sec. 7106. Permanent extension of United States Interagency Council on 
                            Homelessness.
Sec. 7107. Emergency designation.
                    Subtitle B--Tenant Blacklisting

Sec. 7201. Tenant blacklisting.
Sec. 7202. Capital Fund amounts for large public housing agencies.
Sec. 7203. Assistance to NeighborWorks for mortgage foreclosure 
                            mitigation activities.
Sec. 7204. Incremental housing choice voucher assistance.
Sec. 7205. Extension of pilot program.
                     Subtitle C--Financial Literacy

Sec. 7301. Discount on mortgage insurance premium payments for first-
                            time homebuyers who complete financial 
                            literacy housing counseling programs.
Sec. 7302. Young Americans financial literacy.
Sec. 7303. Office for Under-Banked and Un-Banked Consumers.
                      Subtitle D--Housing Fairness

Sec. 7401. Testing for discrimination.
Sec. 7402. Increase in funding for the Fair Housing Initiatives 
                            Program.
Sec. 7403. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 7404. Grants to private entities to study housing discrimination.
Sec. 7405. Limitation on use of funds.
                         TITLE VIII--EDUCATION

             Subtitle A--Elementary and Secondary Education

                Part 1--Supporting Promise Neighborhoods

Sec. 8001. Purpose.
Sec. 8002. Definitions.
           subpart a--promise neighborhood partnership grants

Sec. 8011. Program authorized.
Sec. 8012. Eligible entities.
Sec. 8013. Application requirements.
Sec. 8014. Use of funds.
Sec. 8015. Report and publicly available data.
Sec. 8016. Accountability.
                     subpart b--general provisions

Sec. 8021. Planning grants.
Sec. 8022. Evaluation.
Sec. 8023. National activities.
Sec. 8024. Authorization of appropriations.
         Part 2--Increased Access to Computer Science Education

Sec. 8031. Definitions.
Sec. 8032. Grants to States, local educational agencies, and eligible 
                            Tribal schools.
Sec. 8033. Reporting requirements.
                Part 3--Environmental Justice Education

Sec. 8041. Grants authorized.
                     Subtitle B--Community College

Sec. 8101. Purpose.
      Part 1--State and Indian Tribe Grants for Community Colleges

Sec. 8111. In general.
Sec. 8112. Federal share; non-Federal share.
Sec. 8113. Eligibility.
Sec. 8114. Applications.
Sec. 8115. Allowable uses of funds.
Sec. 8116. Definitions.
Sec. 8117. Appropriations.
       Part 2--Grants to Certain Institutions of Higher Education

Sec. 8121. Pathways to student success for historically black colleges 
                            and universities.
Sec. 8122. Pathways to student success for Hispanic-serving 
                            institutions, Asian American and Native 
                            American Pacific Islander-serving 
                            institutions, tribal colleges and 
                            universities, Alaska Native-serving 
                            institutions, Native Hawaiian-serving 
                            institutions, predominantly Black 
                            institutions, and Native American-serving 
                            nontribal institutions.
Sec. 8123. Definitions.
Sec. 8124. Appropriations.
                      Subtitle C--Higher Education

               Part 1--Early College Federal Pell Grants

Sec. 8201. Early College Federal Pell Grant.
               Part 2--Mandatory Funding for Pell Grants

Sec. 8205. Funding Federal Pell Grants through mandatory funding.
  Part 3--Including Parent PLUS Loans in Income-Contingent and Income-
                         Based Repayment Plans

Sec. 8211. Applicable rate of interest for PLUS loans.
Sec. 8212. Elimination of origination fee for Parent PLUS loans.
Sec. 8213. Counseling for Parent PLUS borrowers.
Sec. 8214. Inclusion of Parent PLUS loans in income-contingent and 
                            income-based repayment plans.
                     Part 4--America RISING Program

Sec. 8221. Establishment of America RISING program.
                     Part 5--Science and Technology

Sec. 8231. Office of Cybersecurity Education and Awareness.
Sec. 8232. Science and technology initiative grants.
Sec. 8233. Project-based learning program.
Sec. 8234. Matching funds for State and privately financed science and 
                            technology after-school programs.
Sec. 8235. Science and Technology Board of Advisors.
Sec. 8236. Laboratories for science and technology excellence.
Sec. 8237. Computing and Information Research Working Group.
Sec. 8238. Process for adoption research and a best practices voluntary 
                            guidelines for laboratory facilities.
Sec. 8239. Computing and information security mentoring programs for 
                            college students.
Sec. 8240. Grants for computer equipment.
Sec. 8241. Centers of Academic Computing and Information Assurance.
Sec. 8242. Lifelong learning in computer and information security 
                            study.
Sec. 8243. Computer and information security job opportunities program.
Sec. 8244. Department of Homeland Security cybersecurity training 
                            programs and equipment.
Sec. 8245. E-Security Fellows Program.
Sec. 8246. National Science Foundation study on science and technology 
                            student retention.
Sec. 8247. Challenge Grants.
Sec. 8248. E-Security Fellows Program.
           Part 6--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Sec. 8251. Eligibility of students to participate in the supplemental 
                            nutrition assistance program.
Part 7--Strengthening Prevention and Response Measures for Hate Crimes 
                          on College Campuses

Sec. 8261. Hate crime prevention and response.
Sec. 8262. Clery Act amendments.
Sec. 8263. Program participation agreements.
Sec. 8264. Accrediting agency recognition.
        Subtitle D--Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Sec. 8301. Bond insurance.
Sec. 8302. Strengthening technical assistance.
Sec. 8303. HBCU Capital Financing Advisory Board.
                         Subtitle E--Mentoring

Sec. 8401. Transition-to-Success Mentoring Program.
Sec. 8402. Table of contents.
                        Subtitle F--Civil Rights

Sec. 8501. Restoration of right to civil action in disparate impact 
                            cases under title VI of the Civil Rights 
                            Act of 1964.
Sec. 8502. Designation of monitors under title VI of the Civil Rights 
                            Act of 1964.
Sec. 8503. Special Assistant for Equity and Inclusion.
                          DIVISION B--JUSTICE

                         TITLE I--POLICE REFORM

Sec. 1001. Definitions.
Sec. 1002. Prohibition.
Sec. 1003. Enforcement.
Sec. 1004. Policies to eliminate racial profiling.
Sec. 1005. Policies required for grants.
Sec. 1006. Involvement of Attorney General.
Sec. 1007. Data collection demonstration project.
Sec. 1008. Best practices development grants.
Sec. 1009. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 1010. Attorney General to issue regulations.
Sec. 1011. Publication of data.
Sec. 1012. Limitations on publication of data.
Sec. 1013. Attorney General to issue regulations and reports.
Sec. 1014. Severability.
Sec. 1015. Savings clause.
Sec. 1016. Body-worn camera grants.
Sec. 1017. Study on the cost of the purchase and use of body-worn 
                            cameras by law enforcement agencies.
Sec. 1018. Establishment of task force on community policing and body 
                            camera accountability.
Sec. 1019. GAO report on Pentagon's 1033 Program.
Sec. 1020. Findings.
Sec. 1021. Use of body cameras by certain ICE officers.
Sec. 1022. Recordings to be provided to certain persons.
Sec. 1023. Withholding of certain funds.
Sec. 1024. Accreditation of law enforcement agencies.
Sec. 1025. Definitions.
Sec. 1026. Law enforcement grants.
Sec. 1027. Attorney General to conduct study.
Sec. 1028. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 1029. National Task Force on Law Enforcement Oversight.
Sec. 1030. Federal data collection on law enforcement practices.
Sec. 1031. Medallions for fallen law enforcement officers.
Sec. 1032. Training on de-escalation for law enforcement.
Sec. 1033. Data collection.
Sec. 1034. Affirmative duty to use de-escalation tactics when 
                            available.
Sec. 1035. Attorney General guidance.
Sec. 1036. In general.
Sec. 1037. Findings.
Sec. 1038. Use of COPS grant funds to hire law enforcement officers who 
                            are residents of the communities they 
                            serve.
Sec. 1039. Definitions.
Sec. 1040. Use of force reporting.
Sec. 1041. Community and law enforcement partnership grant program.
Sec. 1042. Compliance with reporting requirements.
Sec. 1043. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 1044. Findings.
Sec. 1045. Limitation on Department of Defense transfer of personal 
                            property to local law enforcement agencies.
Sec. 1046. Findings.
Sec. 1047. Task force to assist Federal officials in determining 
                            appropriateness of items for use by law 
                            enforcement.
Sec. 1048. Urban Areas Security Initiative and State Homeland Security 
                            grant program.
Sec. 1049. Modification of authority to transfer Department of Defense 
                            property for law enforcement activities.
Sec. 1050. Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grants.
Sec. 1051. Department of Justice reports on SWAT teams.
Sec. 1052. Federal Law Enforcement Training Center certification of 
                            instructors in training on use of force and 
                            special equipment.
Sec. 1053. Civil action by Attorney General.
Sec. 1054. Annual reporting requirement.
Sec. 1055. Grants to educate Americans about the principles and 
                            practice of nonviolence.
Sec. 1056. Limitation on use of funds.
Sec. 1057. Findings.
Sec. 1058. Eligibility for grants under the Byrne JAG Program.
Sec. 1059. Prohibition of money bail in Federal criminal cases.
Sec. 1060. Reduction in grant funding for units of local government.
Sec. 1061. Exemptions.
Sec. 1062. Waivers.
                        TITLE II--PUBLIC DEFENSE

Sec. 2001. Clarification of right to counsel.
Sec. 2002. Treatment of individuals held or detained at ports of entry 
                            or at any CBP or ICE detention facility.
Sec. 2003. Duty to disclose favorable information.
Sec. 2004. Technical and conforming amendments.
                     TITLE III--DRUG POLICY REFORM

Sec. 3001. De-scheduling marihuana.
Sec. 3002. Community Reinvestment Fund.
Sec. 3003. Findings; sense of Congress.
Sec. 3004. Limitation on receipt of Byrne grant funds and other 
                            Department of Justice law enforcement 
                            assistance.
Sec. 3005. Collection of data.
                       TITLE IV--JUVENILE JUSTICE

Sec. 4001. Findings.
Sec. 4002. Commission establishment and membership.
Sec. 4003. Other matters relating to appointment; removal.
Sec. 4004. Leadership election.
Sec. 4005. Commission duties and powers.
Sec. 4006. Commission meeting requirements.
Sec. 4007. Annual report guidelines.
Sec. 4008. Commission compensation.
   TITLE V--PARENTAL INCARCERATION (EXCLUDING CASES INVOLVING CRIMES 
                           AGAINST CHILDREN)

Sec. 5001. Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other individuals 
                            in Federal prisons.
Sec. 5002. Overnight visit pilot program.
                      TITLE VI--SENTENCING REFORM

Sec. 6001. Findings.
Sec. 6002. Approval of certain prosecutions by Attorney General.
Sec. 6003. Modification of certain sentencing provisions.
Sec. 6004. Eligibility for resentencing based on changes in law.
Sec. 6005. Directives to the Sentencing Commission.
Sec. 6006. Exclusion of acquitted conduct and discretion to disregard 
                            manipulated conduct from consideration 
                            during sentencing.
Sec. 6007. Amendments to enhanced penalties provision.
Sec. 6008. Ability to petition for release to extended supervision for 
                            certain prisoners who are medically 
                            incapacitated, geriatric, or caregiver 
                            parents of minor children and who do not 
                            pose public safety risks.
                    TITLE VII--DEATH PENALTY REFORM

Sec. 7001. Repeal of Federal laws providing for the death penalty.
Sec. 7002. Prohibition on imposition of death sentence.
                           TITLE VIII--VOTING

Sec. 8000. Short title.
                 Subtitle A--Voting Rights Advancement

Sec. 8001. Short title.
Sec. 8002. Voting on Indian lands.
Sec. 8003. Violations triggering authority of court to retain 
                            jurisdiction.
Sec. 8004. Criteria for coverage of States and political subdivisions.
Sec. 8005. Determination of States and political subdivisions subject 
                            to preclearance for covered practices.
Sec. 8006. Promoting transparency to enforce the Voting Rights Act.
Sec. 8007. Authority to assign observers.
Sec. 8008. Preliminary injunctive relief.
Sec. 8009. Definitions.
Sec. 8010. Bilingual election requirements.
Sec. 8011. Requiring declaratory judgment or preclearance as 
                            prerequisite for multiple Congressional 
                            redistricting plans enacted pursuant to 
                            same decennial census and apportionment of 
                            Representatives.
Sec. 8012. Other technical and conforming amendments.
Sec. 8013. Tribal voting consultation.
              Subtitle B--Promoting Internet Registration

Sec. 8100. Short title.
                Part 1--Promoting Internet Registration

Sec. 8101. Requiring availability of Internet for voter registration.
Sec. 8102. Use of Internet to update registration information.
Sec. 8103. Provision of election information by electronic mail to 
                            individuals registered to vote.
Sec. 8104. Clarification of requirement regarding necessary information 
                            to show eligibility to vote.
Sec. 8105. Effective date.
         Part 2--Automated Registration of Certain Individuals

Sec. 8111. Automated voter registration.
Sec. 8112. List maintenance, privacy, and security.
Sec. 8113. Promoting accuracy of Statewide voter registration lists.
Sec. 8114. Definitions.
Sec. 8115. Effective date.
        Part 3--Other Initiatives To Promote Voter Registration

Sec. 8121. Same day registration.
Sec. 8122. Acceptance of voter registration applications from 
                            individuals under 18 years of age.
Sec. 8123. Annual reports on voter registration statistics.
           Part 4--Availability of HAVA Requirements Payments

Sec. 8131. Availability of requirements payments under HAVA to cover 
                            costs of compliance with new requirements.
        Part 5--Prohibiting Interference With Voter Registration

Sec. 8141. Prohibiting hindering, interfering with, or preventing voter 
                            registration.
Sec. 8142. Establishment of best practices.
     Subtitle C--Access to Voting for Individuals With Disabilities

Sec. 8201. Requirements for States to promote access to voter 
                            registration and voting for individuals 
                            with disabilities.
Sec. 8202. Pilot programs for enabling individuals with disabilities to 
                            register to vote and vote privately and 
                            independently at residences.
Sec. 8203. Expansion and reauthorization of grant program to assure 
                            voting access for individuals with 
                            disabilities.
                  Subtitle D--Prohibiting Voter Caging

Sec. 8301. Voter caging and other questionable challenges prohibited.
Sec. 8302. Development and adoption of best practices for preventing 
                            voter caging.
Sec. 8303. Severability.
              Subtitle E--Prohibiting Deceptive Practices

Sec. 8401. Prohibition on deceptive practices in Federal elections.
Sec. 8402. Modification of penalty for voter intimidation.
Sec. 8403. Sentencing guidelines.
Sec. 8404. Reporting violations; corrective action.
                   Subtitle F--Democracy Restoration

Sec. 8501. Rights of citizens.
Sec. 8502. Enforcement.
Sec. 8503. Notification of restoration of voting rights.
Sec. 8504. Definitions.
Sec. 8505. Relation to other laws.
Sec. 8506. Federal prison funds.
Sec. 8507. Effective date.
       Subtitle G--Accuracy, Integrity, and Security of Elections

Sec. 8600. Short title.
   Part 1--Promoting Accuracy, Integrity, and Security Through Voter-
                    Verified Permanent Paper Ballot

Sec. 8601. Moratorium on acquisition of certain direct recording 
                            electronic voting systems and certain other 
                            voting systems.
Sec. 8602. Paper ballot and manual counting requirements.
Sec. 8603. Accessibility and ballot verification for individuals with 
                            disabilities.
Sec. 8604. Additional voting system requirements.
Sec. 8604. Effective date for new requirements.
     Part 2--Requirement for Mandatory Manual Audits by Hand Count

Sec. 8611. Mandatory manual audits.
Sec. 8612. Availability of enforcement under Help America Vote Act of 
                            2002.
Sec. 8613. Guidance on best practices for alternative audit mechanisms.
Sec. 8614. Clerical amendment.
                    Subtitle H--Provisional Ballots

Sec. 8701. Requirements for counting provisional ballots; establishment 
                            of uniform and nondiscriminatory standards.
              Subtitle I--Early Voting and Voting by Mail

Sec. 8801. Early voting and voting by mail.
    Subtitle J--Absent Uniformed Services Voters and Overseas Voters

Sec. 8901. Extending guarantee of residency for voting purposes to 
                            family members of absent military 
                            personnel.
Sec. 8902. Pre-election reports on availability and transmission of 
                            absentee ballots.
Sec. 8903. Enforcement.
Sec. 8904. Revisions to 45-day absentee ballot transmission rule.
Sec. 8905. Use of single absentee ballot application for subsequent 
                            elections.
Sec. 8906. Effective date.
            Subtitle K--Poll Worker Recruitment and Training

Sec. 8911. Leave to serve as a poll worker for Federal employees.
Sec. 8912. Grants to States for poll worker recruitment and training.
Sec. 8913. Model poll worker training program.
Sec. 8914. State defined.
                 Subtitle L--Enhancement of Enforcement

Sec. 8921. Enhancement of enforcement of Help America Vote Act of 2002.
                 Subtitle M--Federal Election Integrity

Sec. 8931. Prohibition on campaign activities by chief State election 
                            administration officials.
Sec. 8932. Due process requirements for individuals proposed to be 
                            removed from list of eligible voters.
Sec. 8933. Mandatory response by Attorney General to allegations of 
                            voter intimidation or suppression by law 
                            enforcement officers and other government 
                            officials.
            Subtitle N--Election Day as Legal Public Holiday

Sec. 8941. Treatment of Election Day in same manner as legal public 
                            holiday for purposes of Federal employment.
         Subtitle O--Other Election Administration Improvements

Sec. 8951. Requirements for availability of sufficient polling places, 
                            equipment, and resources.
Sec. 8952. Treatment of universities as voter registration agencies.
Sec. 8953. Requiring States to accept student identifications for 
                            purposes of meeting voter identification 
                            requirements.
Sec. 8954. Minimum notification requirements for voters affected by 
                            polling place changes.
Sec. 8955. Voter information response systems and hotline.
Sec. 8956. Reauthorization of election assistance commission.
Sec. 8957. Application of laws to Commonwealth of Northern Mariana 
                            Islands.
Sec. 8958. Repeal of exemption of Election Assistance Commission from 
                            certain government contracting 
                            requirements.
Sec. 8959. Permitting Election Assistance Commission to exercise 
                            rulemaking authority.
Sec. 8960. No effect on other laws.
                        TITLE IX--PRISON REFORM

Sec. 9001. Elimination of Federal contracts for privately run prisons 
                            within 3 years.
Sec. 9002. Prohibition on private entities running prisons housing 
                            State and local prisoners after 3 years.
Sec. 9003. Freedom of Information Act applicable for contract prisons.
Sec. 9004. Restrictions on the provision of inmate telephone and video 
                            service.
Sec. 9005. Federal prisoner reentry initiative reauthorization; 
                            modification of imposed term of 
                            imprisonment.
Sec. 9006. Reinstatement of parole.
Sec. 9007. Termination of detention bed quota.
Sec. 9008. Oversight of detention facilities.
Sec. 9009. Prerelease custody.
Sec. 9010. Purposes.
Sec. 9011. National solitary confinement study and reform commission.
Sec. 9012. Adoption and effect of national standards.
Sec. 9013. Definitions.
                    TITLE X--COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCES

Sec. 10001. Repeal of suspension of eligibility under the Higher 
                            Education Act of 1965 for grants, loans, 
                            and work assistance for drug-related 
                            offenses.
Sec. 10002. Repeal of denial of assistance and benefits for certain 
                            drug-related convictions.
Sec. 10003. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries prior to 
                            conditional offer for Federal employment.
Sec. 10004. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors 
                            prior to conditional offer.
Sec. 10005. Report on employment of individuals formerly incarcerated 
                            in Federal prisons.
Sec. 10006. Penalty for unauthorized participation by convicted 
                            individual.
Sec. 10007. Lowering the age for expungement of certain convictions for 
                            simple possession of controlled substances 
                            by nonviolent young offenders.
Sec. 10008. Residence of incarcerated individuals.
                         TITLE XI--GUN VIOLENCE

Sec. 11001. Definitions of ``intimate partner'' and ``misdemeanor crime 
                            of domestic violence'' expanded.
Sec. 11002. Unlawful sale of firearm to a person subject to court 
                            order.
Sec. 11003. List of persons subject to a restraining or similar order 
                            prohibited from possessing or receiving a 
                            firearm expanded.
Sec. 11004. Stalking prohibitions.
Sec. 11005. Findings.
Sec. 11006. Research on mental health, gun violence, and how they 
                            intersect.
Sec. 11007. Report on effects of gun violence on public health.
Sec. 11008. Report on effects of gun violence on mental health in 
                            minority communities.
    (c) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Nearly 70 years have passed since the post-World War II 
        economic recovery initiative known as the Marshall Plan spurred 
        the fastest period of growth in European history. Industrial 
        and agricultural production skyrocketed. The poverty and 
        starvation of the immediate postwar years disappeared, and 
        Western Europe embarked upon an unprecedented two decades of 
        growth that saw standards of living increase dramatically.
            (2) Whitney M. Young, who served as executive director of 
        the National Urban League from 1961 to 1971, first proposed a 
        domestic Marshall Plan in 1964. Many elements of his plan, 
        which called for $145 billion in spending over 10 years, were 
        incorporated into President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty 
        legislation.
            (3) In the 1990 edition of the State of Black America, 
        National Urban League President John Jacob again called for an 
        urban Marshall Plan.
            (4) In 2017, the National Urban League again called for an 
        investment in America by introducing ``The Main Street Marshall 
        Plan: From Poverty to Shared Prosperity.'' The plan calls for 
        investment in physical infrastructure such as roads, bridges 
        and buildings, and for human development, such as education, 
        job training and health insurance.
            (5) African Americans were disproportionately battered by 
        the Great Recession and have benefited least from the fragile 
        economic recovery that has followed and continue to lag behind 
        in employment, entrepreneurship, education and homeownership, 
        across all educational levels.
            (6) While the United States economy has emerged from the 
        depths of the Great Recession, employment outcomes remain 
        challenging for African Americans.
            (7) The African American unemployment rate, at 6.9 percent, 
        remains nearly twice the White unemployment rate of 3.6 
        percent, a situation which has been true for nearly as long as 
        unemployment statistics have been recorded (since around the 
        time of the Great Depression).
            (8) Unemployment remains particularly acute among African 
        American youth between the ages of 16 and 19. As of March 2018, 
        the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the Black youth 
        unemployment rate of those ages is 27.9 percent compared with 
        10.7 percent for White youth of this age. This dramatizes the 
        tremendous employment challenges faced by African American 
        youth who live in urban communities.
            (9) Although Census Data shows that Black-owned businesses 
        are growing in number at a faster rate than for any other 
        group, they have failed to realize their full economic 
        potential.
            (10) According to the Kauffman Foundation's calculations 
        from the U.S. Census Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs, while the 
        average size of mature, non-minority-owned businesses is 
        $2,300,000 in annual revenue when they have been in business 11 
        to 15 years, the average size of minority-owned businesses is 
        only $1,600,000 at the same age. Minorities own half as many 
        businesses as non-minorities. The conclusion Kauffman draws: 
        minority-owned businesses start smaller and stay smaller.
            (11) Studies show that lifetime earnings go up for American 
        adults with each level of educational attainment.
            (12) According to the National Center for Education 
        Statistics (NCES), in 2014 the median earnings of young adults 
        with a bachelor's degree ($49,900) were 66 percent higher than 
        the median earnings of young adult high school completers 
        ($30,000). The median earnings of young adult high school 
        completers were 20 percent higher than the median earnings of 
        those without a high school credential ($25,000). Today, median 
        lifetime earnings for those with a bachelor's degree are 
        $2,300,000 or 74 percent more than those with just a high 
        school diploma.
            (13) Despite overall gains nationally, gaps in college 
        enrollment and completion by race persist. In 2016, college 
        enrollment for White students was 71 percent, which was a six 
        percent increase from 2000. From 2000 to 2015, enrollment of 
        Black students went from 30.5 percent to 34.9 percent, and 
        enrollment of Latino students went from 21.7 percent to 36.6 
        percent. Nationally, over two-thirds of all Asian and White 
        students complete college within six years compared to less 
        than half of all Black and Latino students.
            (14) America's public school population is majority 
        minority and in 2044, the United States is expected to be a 
        majority-minority nation where Whites will make up less than 
        half of the population. Given this seismic shift in 
        demographics, we must be more intentional about improving 
        college readiness in our nation's elementary and secondary 
        schools and promoting access and success to post-secondary 
        education for historically underrepresented students.
            (15) Homeownership is the primary means of building equity 
        and passing on wealth from one generation to the next. This is 
        especially true for African Americans, where over 90 percent of 
        wealth is in their homes, according to the Center for Global 
        Policy Solutions.
            (16) Yet, African-American homeowners were three times more 
        likely to be steered into subprime products, even when they 
        qualified for conventional mortgages, in the years leading up 
        to the financial crisis. The foreclosure rate for these loans 
        was 10 times greater than conventional mortgages. Consequently, 
        while the African-American homeownership rate peaked in 2004 at 
        50 percent, it is currently only 41.2 percent and is projected 
        to decrease to 40 percent by 2030. Reversing this trend is 
        vital to American families, to communities, and to our national 
        economy.
            (17) The United States needs a domestic Mainstream Marshall 
        plan that will combat poverty, promote equality and eliminate 
        racial disparities.

                            DIVISION A--JOBS

                   TITLE I--MAIN STREET MARSHALL PLAN

                         Subtitle A--In General

SEC. 1001. SUBMISSION OF DATA RELATING TO DIVERSITY BY CERTAIN 
              CONTRACTORS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 47 of subtitle I of title 41, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section:
``Sec. 4713. Submission of data relating to diversity by certain 
              contractors
    ``(a) Submission of Data.--In the case of the award of a contract 
in an amount of $5,000,000 or more to a covered contractor, the head of 
an executive agency shall require the contractor to submit, not later 
than 60 days after the award of the contract, the following:
            ``(1) Data on the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of 
        the board of directors and the C-level executives of the 
        covered contractor.
            ``(2) Data on the affiliation of any member of the board of 
        directors or any C-level executive to a historically 
        underrepresented group, including veterans of the Armed Forces 
        and individuals with disabilities.
            ``(3) Any plan or strategy that exists on the date of the 
        submission of data under this subsection to improve the 
        diversity of the board of directors or the C-level executives 
        of the covered contractor.
    ``(b) Reports.--
            ``(1) Quarterly report to general services 
        administration.--After the end of a calendar quarter, each 
        executive agency shall submit to the Administrator of General 
        Services a report that includes the data submitted by 
        contractors under subsection (a) during the quarter covered.
            ``(2) Annual report to congress and offices of minority and 
        women inclusion.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than February 14 of 
                each calendar year, the Administrator of General 
                Services shall submit to Congress and each Office of 
                Minority and Women Inclusion established under section 
                342 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer 
                Protection Act (12 U.S.C. 5452) an annual report that--
                            ``(i) includes the data submitted to the 
                        Administrator under paragraph (1) during the 
                        preceding calendar year and the data submitted 
                        under section 13(s) of the Securities Exchange 
                        Act of 1934;
                            ``(ii) uses the data described in clause 
                        (i), as well as information from other reliable 
                        sources, to analyze the diversity of the board 
                        of directors and the C-level executives of each 
                        entity submitting data in comparison to the 
                        industry peers of such entity, including any 
                        trends and progress related to such diversity; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) based on the analysis conducted 
                        under clause (ii), lists each entity submitting 
                        data that is significantly lagging behind the 
                        industry peers of such entity with respect to 
                        the diversity of the board of directors and the 
                        C-level executives.
                    ``(B) Public availability.--The Administrator of 
                General Services shall make publicly available each 
                annual report submitted under subparagraph (A).
    ``(c) Public Comment.--After the end of the four-year period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of this section, and every four 
years thereafter, the Administrator of General Services shall review 
the implementation of the requirements of this section and provide an 
opportunity for public comment on such review.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Covered contractor.--The term `covered contractor' 
        means a for-profit business with annual gross receipts in 
        excess of $1,000,000,000 during the year preceding the 
        submission of a bid or proposal for a contract described in 
        subsection (a).
            ``(2) C-level executive.--The term `C-level executive' 
        means the most senior executive officer, information officer, 
        technology officer, financial officer, compliance officer, or 
        security officer of a covered contractor.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 47 of such title is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 4712 the following new item:

``4713. Submission of data relating to diversity by certain 
                            contractors.''.

SEC. 1002. SUBMISSION OF DATA RELATING TO DIVERSITY BY ISSUERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
(15 U.S.C. 78m) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(s) Submission of Data Relating to Diversity.--
            ``(1) Submission of data.--Each issuer required to file an 
        annual report under subsection (a) shall disclose in that 
        report, the following:
                    ``(A) Data on the racial, ethnic, and gender 
                composition of the board of directors and the C-level 
                executives of the issuer.
                    ``(B) Data on the affiliation of any member of the 
                board of directors or any C-level executive of the 
                issuer to a historically underrepresented group, 
                including veterans of the Armed Forces and individuals 
                with disabilities.
                    ``(C) Any plan or strategy that exists on the date 
                of the submission of data under this paragraph to 
                improve the diversity of the board of directors or the 
                C-level executives of the issuer.
            ``(2) C-level executive defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term `C-level executive' means the most senior executive 
        officer, information officer, technology officer, financial 
        officer, compliance officer, or security officer of an 
        issuer.''.
    (b) Corporate Governance Regulations.--Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Securities and Exchange 
Commission shall revise paragraph (v) of section 229.407(c)(2) of title 
17, Code of Federal Regulations, to require that when the description 
described in such paragraph is presented in a proxy or information 
statement relating to the election of directors, the qualities and 
skills described in such paragraph, along with the nominee's gender, 
race, ethnicity, and affiliation with a historically underrepresented 
group should be presented in a chart or matrix form.

SEC. 1003. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Our nation's infrastructure serves as the arteries that 
        move people, goods, and information across our country. A 
        strong infrastructure network is critically important to the 
        growth of our economy and the overall health of each and every 
        American. This is especially true for Americans in low-income 
        and otherwise vulnerable communities struggling to access the 
        rest of the world.
            (2) In the traditional sense, the term ``infrastructure'' 
        has been largely understood to include our transportation 
        infrastructure (roads, bridges, rails, airports, ports/
        waterways), electrical grid, telecommunications (landline 
        phone, cable, satellite), and public buildings. A 21st Century 
        economy demands a broader, more inclusive definition to ensure 
        that we are fully considering all of our infrastructure needs. 
        A newer definition should be expanded to include the following: 
        energy-efficient housing; broadband; educational facilities, 
        including access to traditional universities and community 
        colleges, as well as Historically Black Colleges and 
        Universities; forest roads and sidewalks/bike trails; parks; 
        waste removal and treatment facilities; and programs connecting 
        seniors to their communities.
            (3) Any effort to rebuild our nation's crumbling 
        infrastructure must include robust federal funding. Privatizing 
        our nation's infrastructure revitalization would shift the 
        burden to cash-strapped states and cities while leaving out 
        communities with the greatest need: rural and low-income 
        populations. Additionally, states and cities are less likely to 
        take a regional approach to investment, which is critical to 
        ensuring national connectivity. Public-private partnerships 
        (P3s) have limited success funding infrastructure projects. 
        They are more expensive than conventional funding, often 
        limiting competition and creating potential conflicts of 
        interest. P3s would likely only consider projects that can 
        provide a return on investment, as opposed to the broad 
        infrastructure modernization this country desperately needs. 
        Ultimately, private infrastructure investment would only fund a 
        narrow scope of projects and the limited projects fortunate 
        enough to attract private funding would tax the very people 
        they are intended to benefit through tolls and user fees.
            (4) Ensuring long-term investment is equally important to 
        ensuring that investment is backed by robust public funding. 
        Delivering reliable infrastructure requires the certainty and 
        confidence that can only come with long-term funding. Congress 
        needs to do away with short-term extensions and provide long-
        term authorization and spending measures that will authorize 
        and fund our nation's highway, public transit, aviation, and 
        water infrastructure programs and projects at levels that are 
        meaningful over the long-term.
            (5) Minority contractors should have the opportunity to 
        rebuild their communities and employ hardworking Americans 
        along the way. Infrastructure investments should be 
        disseminated through a transparent procurement process with 
        aggressive contracting goals for Disadvantaged Business 
        Entities and effective enforcement to root out fraudulent 
        firms. Contractors and subcontractors should have the ability 
        to employ local hiring preferences and subcontractors should 
        receive prompt payment when services are rendered.
            (6) Infrastructure development should be inclusive of 
        underserved segments of the population, such as poor, rural, 
        and elderly communities. Often times, infrastructure planning 
        does not benefit the poorest communities and the infrastructure 
        workforce traditionally lacks gender and racial diversity. A 
        21st Century economy should not exclude individuals from 
        participation on the basis of demographics, geography, or 
        financial means. Any infrastructure package must include 
        innovative job training and workforce development initiatives 
        to promote a diverse and inclusive labor pool. By ensuring 
        participation from all individuals, we can provide equal 
        opportunity for each and every American to contribute in 
        meaningful ways to both the economy and the communities they 
        call home.
            (7) Climate change and the volatility that is associated 
        with extreme weather events are only expected to worsen over 
        time. More intense storms, rising sea levels, storm surges, and 
        other unusual weather conditions are placing an immense strain 
        on our nation's infrastructure and the limited resources that 
        we have to build and maintain it. As we plan for the future and 
        conceptualize how we will build up our infrastructure, we need 
        to consider the long-term viability of these projects to ensure 
        that they are resilient to extreme weather.
            (8) A robust transportation network must consider the 
        changing demographics of its users and the subsequent changes 
        in demand. Conventional transportation planning relies heavily 
        on motor vehicle traffic. However, many communities--
        particularly in urban areas--must now consider pedestrians, 
        cyclists, public transit riders, ridesharing, and other users 
        when evaluating the effectiveness of the transportation 
        ecosystem.
            (9) The development and adoption of autonomous vehicles, 
        positive train control, NextGen, Smart City planning, and other 
        technologies and transportation models is vastly altering the 
        way we conceptualize, plan, and execute transportation policy. 
        The unique challenges that we face as a nation will only grow 
        increasingly more complex as the population grows and the 
        nature of our infrastructure becomes more interconnected. Any 
        infrastructure package must not only address the immediate 
        needs of our crumbling system, but also anticipate the needs of 
        a generation to come.
            (10) Infrastructure impacts every American--regardless of 
        background, economic status, or political affiliation.

SEC. 1004. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INFRASTRUCTURE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) America would need to spend approximately $1.44 
        trillion over the next 10 years to close the infrastructure 
        gap.
            (2) The infrastructure workforce is aging at a rate where 
        approximately 3,000,000 workers will need to be replaced over 
        the next 10 years, compounding America's infrastructure crisis.
            (3) Infrastructure jobs include a wide range of employment 
        opportunities in both the public and private sectors, including 
        design, construction, operation, governance, and maintenance of 
        America's assets.
            (4) Infrastructure jobs provide competitive wages with low 
        barriers to entry, many of which require on-the-job training in 
        lieu of formal higher education.
            (5) In spite of rising income inequality, infrastructure 
        jobs paid approximately 30 percent more to low-income 
        individuals than other occupations between the years of 2005 
        and 2015.
            (6) In the fourth quarter of 2016, African-Americans and 
        Hispanics between the ages of 25 and 34 had the highest 
        unemployment levels at 8.6 percent and 5.3 percent, 
        respectively.
            (7) The unemployment rate for military veterans serving in 
        conflicts since September 11th, 2001, has remained above the 
        national unemployment rate, with the Federal Reserve of Chicago 
        highlighting how wartime deployment can limit the types of 
        training veterans receive that are transferable to the civilian 
        labor market.
            (8) The Federal government should make concerted efforts, 
        by coordination with State and local governments, workforce 
        development agencies, educational institutions, including 
        Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Hispanic 
        Serving Institutions, to recruit, train, and retain America's 
        next generation of infrastructure workers to close the 
        workforce gap.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) any infrastructure spending bill enacted during the 
        115th Congress should include robust investments in workforce 
        development programs that take meaningful actions to recruit 
        and train individuals from communities with high unemployment 
        rates, including African-American communities, Hispanic 
        communities, and American Indian tribal areas;
            (2) any infrastructure spending bill enacted during the 
        115th Congress should include robust investments in workforce 
        development programs that take meaningful actions to recruit 
        and train unemployed veterans that have served in a conflict 
        since September 11th, 2001; and
            (3) any infrastructure spending bill enacted during the 
        115th Congress should include meaningful outreach efforts 
        geared toward under-represented contractors, including 
        minority- and women-owned businesses, veteran owned small 
        businesses, service-disabled veteran owned small businesses, 
        and offerors that employ veterans on a full-time basis.

SEC. 1005. QUALIFICATION OF REHABILITATION EXPENDITURES FOR PUBLIC 
              SCHOOL BUILDINGS FOR REHABILITATION CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Section 47(c)(2)(B)(v) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subclause:
                                    ``(III) Clause not to apply to 
                                public schools.--This clause shall not 
                                apply in the case of any building which 
                                is a qualified public educational 
                                facility (as defined in section 
                                142(k)(1), determined without regard to 
                                subparagraph (B) thereof) and used as 
                                such during some period before such 
                                expenditure and used as such 
                                immediately after such expenditure.''.
    (b) Report.--Not later than the date which is 5 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, after 
consultation with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, shall 
report to Congress on the effects resulting from the amendment made by 
subsection (a).
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply 
to property placed in service after the date of the enactment of this 
Act.

SEC. 1006. SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATION FOR THE DRINKING WATER STATE 
              REVOLVING FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--There is appropriated, out of any money in the 
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for fiscal year 2018 for 
``Environmental Protection Agency--State and Tribal Assistance Grants'' 
for an additional amount for capitalization grants under section 1452 
of the Safe Drinking Water Act in accordance with the provisions under 
this account in title VII of division A of Public Law 111-5, 
$7,500,000,000, to remain available through September 30, 2022.
    (b) Budgetary Treatment.--The amount appropriated under subsection 
(a)--
            (1) is designated by the Congress as an emergency 
        requirement pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(A) of the Balanced 
        Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, except that 
        such amount shall be available only if the President 
        subsequently so designates such amount and transmits such 
        designation to the Congress; and
            (2) shall be exempt from sequestration under such Act.

SEC. 1007. HIGHWAY PROJECTS.

    Section 112 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(h) Local Hiring.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, a State may establish local hiring bid specifications or 
        consider the hiring of local workers in the evaluation of bids 
        and proposals for a project under this title.
            ``(2) Definition.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
        term `local' means the geographic boundaries of a local area, 
        as defined by the contracting agency, in which the project is 
        located.''.

SEC. 1008. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS.

    Section 5325 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(l) Local Hiring.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, a recipient of assistance under this chapter may establish 
        local hiring bid specifications or consider local hiring in the 
        evaluation of bids and proposals for a project under this 
        chapter.
            ``(2) Definition.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
        term `local' means the geographic boundaries of a local area, 
        as defined by the contracting agency, in which the project is 
        located.''.

SEC. 1009. ESTABLISHMENT OF PERFORMANCE MEASURES FOR TRANSPORTATION 
              ACCESSIBILITY.

    (a) Connectivity and Accessibility Performance Measures.--Section 
150 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Multimodal transportation connectivity and 
        accessibility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 6 years after the 
                date of enactment of this paragraph, the Secretary 
                shall issue such regulations as are necessary to 
                establish performance measures relating to 
                transportation connectivity and accessibility for 
                States and metropolitan planning organizations to use 
                to assess the connectivity and accessibility of 
                roadways, public transit infrastructure, pedestrian and 
                bikeway infrastructure, and other transportation 
                infrastructure.
                    ``(B) Content.--The performance measures required 
                under subparagraph (A) shall include measures to 
                assess--
                            ``(i) with respect to the general 
                        population serviced by a transportation 
                        system--
                                    ``(I) the change in cumulative 
                                access to employment opportunities;
                                    ``(II) multi-modal choice and 
                                enhanced interconnections among modes 
                                to--
                                            ``(aa) offer variety of 
                                        choice between and among modes;
                                            ``(bb) provide accessible 
                                        and reliable transportation for 
                                        all users; and
                                            ``(cc) encourage travel 
                                        demand management; and
                                    ``(III) such other areas the 
                                Secretary considers appropriate; and
                            ``(ii) with respect to disadvantaged 
                        populations serviced by a transportation 
                        system--
                                    ``(I) transportation accessibility 
                                for disadvantaged populations;
                                    ``(II) change in cumulative job 
                                accessibility for disadvantaged 
                                populations; and
                                    ``(III) such other areas the 
                                Secretary considers appropriate.
                    ``(C) Disadvantaged population defined.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `disadvantaged population' means a 
                low-income or minority population, or people with 
                disabilities, as determined by the Secretary.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d) by striking ``and (6)'' and inserting 
        ``(6), and (7)''.
    (b) Title 23 Metropolitan Planning Coordination.--Section 
134(h)(2)(B) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Multimodal transportation 
                        accessibility performance targets.--Selection 
                        of performance targets by a metropolitan 
                        planning organization shall be coordinated, to 
                        the maximum extent practicable, with the 
                        relevant State and providers of public 
                        transportation to ensure consistency with 
                        section 150(c)(7).''.
    (c) Title 49 Metropolitan Planning Coordination.--Section 
5303(h)(2)(B) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Multimodal transportation 
                        accessibility performance targets.--Selection 
                        of performance targets by a metropolitan 
                        planning organization shall be coordinated, to 
                        the maximum extent practicable, with the 
                        relevant State and providers of public 
                        transportation to ensure consistency with 
                        section 150(c)(7) of title 23.''.

SEC. 1010. SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATION FOR TIGER DISCRETIONARY GRANT 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--There is appropriated, out of any money in the 
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for fiscal year 2018 for 
``Department of Transportation--Office of the Secretary--National 
Infrastructure Investments'' for an additional amount in accordance 
with the provisions under this account in title I of division K of 
Public Law 115-31, $7,500,000,000, to remain available through 
September 30, 2022.
    (b) Budgetary Treatment.--The amount appropriated under subsection 
(a)--
            (1) is designated by the Congress as an emergency 
        requirement pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(A) of the Balanced 
        Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, except that 
        such amount shall be available only if the President 
        subsequently so designates such amount and transmits such 
        designation to the Congress; and
            (2) shall be exempt from sequestration under such Act.

SEC. 1011. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee on 
        Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives and 
        the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the 
        Senate.
            (2) Bureau-funded school.--The term ``Bureau-funded 
        school'' has the meaning given to the term in section 1141 of 
        the Education Amendments of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2021).
            (3) Covered funds.--The term ``covered funds'' means funds 
        received--
                    (A) under title I of this Act; or
                    (B) from a school infrastructure bond.
            (4) ESEA terms.--The terms ``elementary school'', ``local 
        educational agency'', ``outlying area'', and ``secondary 
        school'' have the meanings given to the terms in section 8101 
        of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        7801).
            (5) Public school facilities.--The term ``public school 
        facilities'' means the facilities of a public elementary school 
        or a public secondary school.
            (6) Qualified local educational agency.--The term 
        ``qualified local educational agency'' means a local 
        educational agency that receives funds under part A of title I 
        of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 6311 et seq.).
            (7) School infrastructure bond.--The term ``school 
        infrastructure bond'' means a bond designated by the issuer as 
        a school infrastructure bond under section 54BB of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by section 201).
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Education.
            (9) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the 50 States 
        and the District of Columbia.

SEC. 1012. PURPOSE AND RESERVATION.

    (a) Purpose.--Funds made available under this title shall be for 
the purpose of supporting long-term improvements to public school 
facilities in accordance with this Act.
    (b) Reservation for Outlying Areas, Puerto Rico, and Bureau-Funded 
Schools.--
            (1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 2018 through 
        2020, the Secretary shall reserve, from the amount appropriated 
        to carry out this title--
                    (A) one-half of 1 percent, to provide assistance to 
                the outlying areas;
                    (B) one-half of 1 percent, to provide assistance to 
                the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and
                    (C) one-half of 1 percent, for payments to the 
                Secretary of the Interior to provide assistance to 
                Bureau-funded schools.
            (2) Use of reserved funds.--Sections 301 through 304 shall 
        apply to the use of funds reserved under paragraph (1).

SEC. 1013. ALLOCATION TO STATES.

    (a) Allocation to States.--
            (1) State-by-state allocation.--Of the amount appropriated 
        to carry out this title for each fiscal year and not reserved 
        under section 101(b), each State that has a plan approved by 
        the Secretary under subsection (b) shall be allocated an amount 
        in proportion to the amount received by all local educational 
        agencies in the State under part A of title I of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.) 
        for the previous fiscal year relative to the total such amount 
        received by all local educational agencies in every State that 
        has a plan approved by the Secretary under subsection (b).
            (2) State reservation.--A State may reserve not more than 1 
        percent of its allocation under paragraph (1) to carry out its 
        responsibilities under this Act, which shall include--
                    (A) providing technical assistance to local 
                educational agencies, including by--
                            (i) identifying which State agencies have 
                        programs, resources, and expertise relevant to 
                        the activities supported by the allocation 
                        under this section; and
                            (ii) coordinating the provision of 
                        technical assistance across such agencies;
                    (B) in accordance with the guidance issued by the 
                Secretary under section 307, developing an online, 
                publicly searchable database that contains an inventory 
                of all public school facilities infrastructure in the 
                State (including the facilities of Bureau-funded 
                schools, as appropriate), including, with respect to 
                each such facility, an identification of--
                            (i) the information described in clauses 
                        (i) through (vi) of subparagraph (F);
                            (ii) the age (including an identification 
                        of the date of any retrofits or recent 
                        renovations) of--
                                    (I) the facility;
                                    (II) its roof;
                                    (III) its lighting system;
                                    (IV) its windows;
                                    (V) its ceilings;
                                    (VI) its plumbing; and
                                    (VII) its heating, ventilation, and 
                                air conditioning system;
                            (iii) fire safety inspection results; and
                            (iv) the proximity of the facilities to 
                        toxic sites or the vulnerability of the 
                        facilities to natural disasters, including the 
                        extent to which facilities that are vulnerable 
                        to natural disasters are seismically 
                        retrofitted;
                    (C) updating the database developed under 
                subparagraph (B) not less frequently than once every 2 
                years;
                    (D) ensuring that the information in the database 
                developed under subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) is posted on a publicly accessible 
                        website of the State; and
                            (ii) is regularly distributed to local 
                        educational agencies and Tribal governments in 
                        the State;
                    (E) issuing or reviewing regulations to ensure the 
                health and safety of students and staff during 
                construction or renovation projects; and
                    (F) issuing or reviewing regulations to ensure 
                safe, healthy, and high-performing school buildings, 
                including regulations governing--
                            (i) indoor air quality and ventilation, 
                        including exposure to carbon monoxide and 
                        carbon dioxide;
                            (ii) mold, mildew, and moisture control;
                            (iii) the safety of drinking water at the 
                        tap and water used for meal preparation, 
                        including regulations that--
                                    (I) address presence of lead and 
                                other contaminants in such water; and
                                    (II) require the regular testing of 
                                the potability of water at the tap;
                            (iv) energy and water efficiency;
                            (v) excessive classroom noise; and
                            (vi) the levels of maintenance work, 
                        operational spending, and capital investment 
                        needed to maintain the quality of public school 
                        facilities; and
                    (G) creating a plan to reduce or eliminate exposure 
                to toxins and chemicals, including mercury, radon, 
                PCBs, lead, vapor intrusions, and asbestos.
    (b) State Plan.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive an allocation 
        under this section, a State shall submit to the Secretary a 
        plan that--
                    (A) describes how the State will use the allocation 
                to make long-term improvements to public school 
                facilities;
                    (B) explains how the State will carry out each of 
                its responsibilities under subsection (a)(2);
                    (C) explains how the State will make the 
                determinations under subsections (b) and (c) of section 
                103;
                    (D) identifies how long, and at what levels, the 
                State will maintain fiscal effort for the activities 
                supported by the allocation after the State no longer 
                receives the allocation; and
                    (E) includes such other information as the 
                Secretary may require.
            (2) Approval and disapproval.--The Secretary shall have the 
        authority to approve or disapprove a State plan submitted under 
        paragraph (1).
    (c) Conditions.--As a condition of receiving an allocation under 
this section, a State shall agree to the following:
            (1) Matching requirement.--The State shall contribute, from 
        non-Federal sources, an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
        amount of the allocation received under this section to carry 
        out the activities supported by the allocation.
            (2) Maintenance of effort.--The State shall provide an 
        assurance to the Secretary that the combined fiscal effort per 
        student or the aggregate expenditures of the State with respect 
        to the activities supported by the allocation under this 
        section for fiscal years beginning with the fiscal year for 
        which the allocation is received will be not less than 90 
        percent of the combined fiscal effort or aggregate expenditures 
        by the State for such purposes for the year preceding the 
        fiscal year for which the allocation is received.
            (3) Supplement not supplant.--The State shall use an 
        allocation under this section only to supplement the level of 
        Federal, State, and local public funds that would, in absence 
        of such allocation, be made available for the activities 
        supported by the allocation, and not to supplant such funds.

SEC. 1014. NEED-BASED GRANTS TO QUALIFIED LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES.

    (a) Grants to Local Educational Agencies.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), from the amounts 
        allocated to a State under section 102(a) and contributed by 
        the State under section 102(c)(1), the State shall award grants 
        to qualified local educational agencies, on a competitive 
        basis, to carry out the activities described in section 301(a).
            (2) Allowance for digital learning.--A State may use up to 
        10 percent of the amount described in paragraph (1) to make 
        grants to qualified local educational agencies carry out 
        activities to improve digital learning in accordance with 
        section 301(b).
    (b) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section a qualified local educational agency--
            (1) shall be among the local educational agencies in the 
        State--
                    (A) with the greatest need to improve public school 
                facilities, as determined by the State, which may 
                include consideration of threats posed by the proximity 
                of the facilities to toxic sites or the vulnerability 
                of the facilities to natural disasters;
                    (B) with the highest numbers or percentages of 
                students counted under section 1124(c) of the 
                Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 6333(c)); and
                    (C) with the most limited capacity to raise funds 
                for the long-term improvement of public school 
                facilities, as determined by an assessment of--
                            (i) the current and historic ability of the 
                        agency to raise funds for construction, 
                        renovation, modernization, and major repair 
                        projects for schools;
                            (ii) whether the agency has been able to 
                        issue bonds or receive other funds to support 
                        construction projects, including--
                                    (I) qualified school construction 
                                bonds under section 54F of the Internal 
                                Revenue Code of 1986;
                                    (II) qualified zone academy bonds 
                                under section 1397E of the Internal 
                                Revenue Code of 1986;
                                    (III) school infrastructure bonds 
                                under section 54BB of the Internal 
                                Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by 
                                section 201); and
                                    (IV) funds made available under 
                                7007 of the Elementary and Secondary 
                                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7707); 
                                and
                            (iii) the bond rating of the agency; and
            (2) shall agree to prioritize the improvement of the 
        facilities of public schools that serve the highest percentages 
        of students who are eligible for a free or reduced price lunch 
        under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 
        U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may 
        be calculated using comparable data from the schools that feed 
        into the high school), as compared to other public schools in 
        the jurisdiction of the agency.
    (c) Priority of Grants.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
State shall give priority to local educational agencies that--
            (1) demonstrate the greatest need for such a grant, as 
        determined by a comparison of the factors described in 
        subsection (b);
            (2) will use the grant to improve the facilities of--
                    (A) elementary schools or middle schools that have 
                an enrollment of students who are eligible for a free 
                or reduced price lunch under the Richard B. Russell 
                National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) that 
                constitutes not less than 40 percent of the total 
                student enrollment at such schools; or
                    (B) high schools that have an enrollment of 
                students who are eligible for a free or reduced price 
                lunch under such Act that constitutes not less than 30 
                percent of the total student enrollment at such schools 
                (which may be calculated using comparable data from the 
                schools that feed into the high school);
            (3) operate public school facilities that pose a severe 
        health and safety threat to students and staff, which may 
        include a threat posed by the proximity of the facilities to 
        toxic sites or the vulnerability of the facilities to natural 
        disasters; and
            (4) serve elementary schools or secondary schools that lack 
        access to high-speed broadband sufficient to support digital 
        learning (only in the case of an agency that will use the grant 
        improve such access in accordance with section 301(b)).
    (d) Application.--To be considered for a grant under this section, 
a qualified local educational agency shall submit an application to the 
State at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
the State may require. Such application shall include, at minimum--
            (1) the information necessary for the State to make the 
        determinations under subsections (b) and (c);
            (2) a description of the projects that the agency plans to 
        carry out with the grant; and
            (3) an explanation of how such projects will reduce risks 
        to the health and safety of staff and students at schools 
        served by the agency.
    (e) Facilities Master Plan.--
            (1) Plan required.--Not later than 180 days after receiving 
        a grant under this section, a qualified local educational 
        agency shall submit to the State a comprehensive 10-year 
        facilities master plan.
            (2) Elements.--The facilities master plan required under 
        paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to all public school 
        facilities of the agency, a description of--
                    (A) the extent to which public school facilities 
                meet students' educational needs and support the 
                agency's educational mission and vision;
                    (B) the physical condition of the public school 
                facilities;
                    (C) the current health, safety, and environmental 
                conditions of the public school facilities, including--
                            (i) indoor air quality;
                            (ii) the presence of hazardous and toxic 
                        substances and chemicals;
                            (iii) the safety of drinking water at the 
                        tap and water used for meal preparation, 
                        including the level of lead and other 
                        contaminants in such water;
                            (iv) energy and water efficiency;
                            (v) excessive classroom noise; and
                            (vi) other health, safety, and 
                        environmental conditions that would impact the 
                        health, safety, and learning ability of 
                        students;
                    (D) how the local educational agency will address 
                any conditions identified under subparagraph (C);
                    (E) the impact of current and future student 
                enrollment levels on the design of current and future 
                public school facilities, as well as the financial 
                implications of such enrollment levels; and
                    (F) the dollar amount and percentage of funds the 
                local educational agency will dedicate to capital 
                construction projects as well as maintenance and 
                operations related to maintaining public school 
                facilities.
            (3) Consultation.--In developing the facilities master plan 
        required under paragraph (1), the qualified local educational 
        agency shall consult with teachers, principals and other school 
        leaders, custodial and maintenance staff, emergency first 
        responders, school facilities directors, students and families, 
        community residents, and Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations 
        (as applicable).
    (f) Supplement Not Supplant.--A qualified local educational agency 
shall use an allocation received under this section only to supplement 
the level of Federal, State, and local public funds that would, in the 
absence of such allocation, be made available for the activities 
supported by the allocation, and not to supplant such funds.

SEC. 1015. ANNUAL REPORT ON GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Not later than September 30 of each fiscal year 
beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the projects carried out with funds made available under this title.
    (b) Elements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall include, with 
respect to the fiscal year preceding the year in which the report is 
submitted, the following:
            (1) An identification of each local educational agency that 
        received a grant under this title.
            (2) With respect to each such agency, a description of--
                    (A) the demographic composition of the student 
                population served by the agency, disaggregated by--
                            (i) race;
                            (ii) the number and percentage of students 
                        counted under section 1124(c) of the Elementary 
                        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                        6333(c)); and
                            (iii) the number and percentage of students 
                        who are eligible for a free or reduced price 
                        lunch under the Richard B. Russell National 
                        School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.);
                    (B) the population density of the geographic area 
                served by the agency;
                    (C) the projects for which the agency used the 
                grant received under this title;
                    (D) the demonstrable or expected benefits of the 
                projects; and
                    (E) the estimated number of jobs created by the 
                projects.
            (3) The total dollar amount of all grants received by local 
        educational agencies under this title.
    (c) LEA Information Collection.--A local educational agency that 
receives a grant under this title shall--
            (1) annually compile the information described in 
        subsection (b)(2);
            (2) make the information available to the public, including 
        by posting the information on a publicly accessible website of 
        the Agency; and
            (3) submit the information to the State.
    (d) State Information Distribution.--A State that receives 
information from a local educational agency under subsection (c) 
shall--
            (1) compile the information and report it annually to the 
        Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may 
        require;
            (2) make the information available to the public, including 
        by posting the information on a publicly accessible website of 
        the State; and
            (3) regularly distribute the information to local 
        educational agencies and Tribal governments in the State.

SEC. 1016. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated $7,000,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2018 through 2027 to carry out this title.

SEC. 1017. SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS.

    (a) In General.--The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by 
adding after section 54AA the following new section:

``SEC. 54BB. SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE BONDS.

    ``(a) In General.--If a taxpayer holds a school infrastructure bond 
on one or more interest payment dates of the bond during any taxable 
year, there shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by 
this chapter for the taxable year an amount equal to the sum of the 
credits determined under subsection (b) with respect to such dates.
    ``(b) Amount of Credit.--The amount of the credit determined under 
this subsection with respect to any interest payment date for a school 
infrastructure bond is 100 percent of the amount of interest payable by 
the issuer with respect to such date.
    ``(c) Limitation Based on Amount of Tax.--
            ``(1) In general.--The credit allowed under subsection (a) 
        for any taxable year shall not exceed the excess of--
                    ``(A) the sum of the regular tax liability (as 
                defined in section 26(b)) plus the tax imposed by 
                section 55, over
                    ``(B) the sum of the credits allowable under this 
                part (other than subpart C and this subpart).
            ``(2) Carryover of unused credit.--If the credit allowable 
        under subsection (a) exceeds the limitation imposed by 
        paragraph (1) for such taxable year, such excess shall be 
        carried to the succeeding taxable year and added to the credit 
        allowable under subsection (a) for such taxable year 
        (determined before the application of paragraph (1) for such 
        succeeding taxable year).
    ``(d) School Infrastructure Bond.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, the term 
        `school infrastructure bond' means any bond issued as part of 
        an issue if--
                    ``(A) 100 percent of the available project proceeds 
                of such issue are to be used for the purposes described 
                in section 301 of the Jobs and Justice Act of 2018,
                    ``(B) the interest on such obligation would (but 
                for this section) be excludable from gross income under 
                section 103,
                    ``(C) the issue meets the requirements of paragraph 
                (3), and
                    ``(D) the issuer designates such bond for purposes 
                of this section.
            ``(2) Applicable rules.--For purposes of applying paragraph 
        (1)--
                    ``(A) for purposes of section 149(b), a school 
                infrastructure bond shall not be treated as federally 
                guaranteed by reason of the credit allowed under 
                subsection (a) or section 6431,
                    ``(B) for purposes of section 148, the yield on a 
                school infrastructure bond shall be determined without 
                regard to the credit allowed under subsection (a), and
                    ``(C) a bond shall not be treated as a school 
                infrastructure bond if the issue price has more than a 
                de minimis amount (determined under rules similar to 
                the rules of section 1273(a)(3)) of premium over the 
                stated principal amount of the bond.
            ``(3) 6-year expenditure period.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An issue shall be treated as 
                meeting the requirements of this paragraph if, as of 
                the date of issuance, the issuer reasonably expects 100 
                percent of the available project proceeds to be spent 
                for purposes described in section 301 of the Jobs and 
                Justice Act of 2018 within the 6-year period beginning 
                on such date of issuance.
                    ``(B) Failure to spend required amount of bond 
                proceeds within 6 years.--To the extent that less than 
                100 percent of the available project proceeds of the 
                issue are expended at the close of the period described 
                in subparagraph (A) with respect to such issue, the 
                issuer shall redeem all of the nonqualified bonds 
                within 90 days after the end of such period. For 
                purposes of this paragraph, the amount of the 
                nonqualified bonds required to be redeemed shall be 
                determined in the same manner as under section 142.
    ``(e) Limitation on Amount of Bonds Designated.--The maximum 
aggregate face amount of bonds issued during any calendar year which 
may be designated under subsection (d) by any issuer shall not exceed 
the limitation amount allocated under subsection (g) for such calendar 
year to such issuer.
    ``(f) National Limitation on Amount of Bonds Designated.--The 
national qualified school infrastructure bond limitation for each 
calendar year is--
            ``(1) $10,000,000,000 for 2018,
            ``(2) $10,000,000,000 for 2019, and
            ``(3) $10,000,000,000 for 2020.
    ``(g) Allocation of Limitation.--
            ``(1) Allocation among states.--
                    ``(A) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
                limitation applicable under subsection (f) for any 
                calendar year shall be allocated by the Secretary among 
                the States in proportion to the respective amounts 
                received by all local educational agencies in each 
                State under part A of title I of the Elementary and 
                Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et 
                seq.) for the previous fiscal year relative to the 
                total such amount received by all local educational 
                agencies in for the most recent fiscal year ending 
                before such calendar year.
                    ``(B) Subject to subparagraph (C), the limitation 
                amount allocated to a State under subparagraph (A) 
                shall be allocated by the State educational agency (or 
                such other agency as is authorized under State law to 
                make such allocation) to issuers within such State in 
                accordance with the priorities described in section 
                103(c) the of the Jobs and Justice Act of 2018 (as in 
                effect on the date of the enactment of this section) 
                and the eligibility requirements described in section 
                103(b) of such Act, except that paragraph (1)(C) of 
                such section shall not apply to the determination of 
                eligibility for such allocation.
                    ``(C) Up to 10 percent of the limitation amount 
                allocated to a State under subparagraph (A) may be 
                allocated by the State to issuers within such State to 
                carry out activities to improve digital learning in 
                accordance with section 301(b) of the Jobs and Justice 
                Act of 2018 (as in effect on the date of the enactment 
                of this section).
            ``(2) Allocations to certain possessions.--The amount to be 
        allocated under paragraph (1) to possessions of the United 
        States other than Puerto Rico for a calendar year shall be one-
        half of 1 percent of national qualified school infrastructure 
        bond limitation for such year. In making other allocations, the 
        amount to be allocated under paragraph (1) shall be reduced by 
        the aggregate amount allocated under this paragraph and 
        paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Allocations for indian schools.--The amount to be 
        allocated under paragraph (1) to the Secretary of the Interior 
        for schools funded by the Bureau of Indian Affairs for a 
        calendar year shall be one-half of 1 percent of national 
        qualified school infrastructure bond limitation for such year. 
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in the case of 
        amounts allocated under the preceding sentence, Indian tribal 
        governments (as defined in section 7701(a)(40)) shall be 
        treated as qualified issuers for purposes of this subchapter.
    ``(h) Interest Payment Date.--For purposes of this section, the 
term `interest payment date' means any date on which the holder of 
record of the school infrastructure bond is entitled to a payment of 
interest under such bond.
    ``(i) Special Rules.--
            ``(1) Interest on school infrastructure bonds includible in 
        gross income for federal income tax purposes.--For purposes of 
        this title, interest on any school infrastructure bond shall be 
        includible in gross income.
            ``(2) Application of certain rules.--Rules similar to the 
        rules of subsections (f), (g), (h), and (i) of section 54A 
        shall apply for purposes of the credit allowed under subsection 
        (a).
            ``(3) Application of certain labor standards.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a school 
        infrastructure bond shall be treated as a qualified school 
        construction bond for purposes of the application of section 
        1601 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 
        (Public Law 111-5; 26 U.S.C. 54C note.).''.
    (b) Clerical Amendments.--
            (1) The table of subparts for part IV of subchapter A of 
        chapter 1 of such Code is amended by amending the item related 
        to subpart J to read as follows:

              ``subpart j--certain infrastructure bonds''.

            (2) The table of chapters for subpart J of part IV of 
        subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding at 
        the end the following new item:

``Sec. 54BB. School infrastructure bonds.''.
    (c) Transitional Coordination With State Law.--Except as otherwise 
provided by a State after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
interest on any school infrastructure bond (as defined in section 54BB 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as added by this section) and the 
amount of any credit determined under such section with respect to such 
bond shall be treated for purposes of the income tax laws of such State 
as being exempt from Federal income tax.
    (d) Credit for Qualified Bonds Allowed to Issuer.--Paragraph (3) of 
section 6431(f) of such Code is amended by inserting ``any school 
infrastructure bond (as defined in section 54BB) or'' before ``any 
qualified tax credit bond''.
    (e) Sequestration.--Subparagraph (A) of section 255(g)(1) of the 
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 is amended by 
adding before ``Postal Service Fund'' the following: ``Payments under 
section 54BB of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''
    (f) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to obligations issued after December 31, 2017.

SEC. 1018. EXPANSION OF QUALIFIED ZONE ACADEMY BONDS.

    (a) Construction of a Public School Facility.--Subparagraph (A) of 
section 54E(d)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by 
striking ``rehabilitating or repairing'' and inserting ``constructing, 
rehabilitating, retrofitting, or repairing''.
    (b) Removal of Private Business Contribution Requirement.--Section 
54E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and'' at 
                the end; and
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (B);
            (2) by striking subsection (b); and
            (3) in paragraph (1) of subsection (c)--
                    (A) by striking ``and $400,000,0000'' and inserting 
                ``$400,000,000''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and, except as provided'' and all 
                that follows through the period at the end and 
                inserting ``, and $1,400,000,000 for 2018 and each year 
                thereafter.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to obligations issued after December 31, 2017.

SEC. 1019. ANNUAL REPORT ON BOND PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Not later than September 30 of each fiscal year 
beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
the school infrastructure bond program.
    (b) Elements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall include, with 
respect to the fiscal year preceding the year in which the report is 
submitted, the following:
            (1) An identification of--
                    (A) each local educational agency that received 
                funds from a school infrastructure bond; and
                    (B) each local educational agency that was eligible 
                to receive such funds--
                            (i) but did not receive such funds; or
                            (ii) received less than the maximum amount 
                        of funds for which the agency was eligible.
            (2) With respect to each local educational agency described 
        in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) an assessment of the capacity of the agency to 
                raise funds for the long-term improvement of public 
                school facilities, as determined by an assessment of--
                            (i) the current and historic ability of the 
                        agency to raise funds for construction, 
                        renovation, modernization, and major repair 
                        projects for schools, including the ability of 
                        the agency to raise funds through imposition of 
                        property taxes;
                            (ii) whether the agency has been able to 
                        issue bonds to fund construction projects, 
                        including such bonds as--
                                    (I) qualified school construction 
                                bonds under section 54F of the Internal 
                                Revenue Code of 1986;
                                    (II) qualified zone academy bonds 
                                under section 1397E of the Internal 
                                Revenue Code of 1986; and
                                    (III) school infrastructure bonds; 
                                and
                            (iii) the bond rating of the agency;
                    (B) the demographic composition of the student 
                population served by the agency, disaggregated by--
                            (i) race;
                            (ii) the number and percentage of students 
                        counted under section 1124(c) of the Elementary 
                        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                        6333(c)); and
                            (iii) the number and percentage of students 
                        who are eligible for a free or reduced price 
                        lunch under the Richard B. Russell National 
                        School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.);
                    (C) the population density of the geographic area 
                served by the agency;
                    (D) a description of the projects carried out with 
                funds received from school infrastructure bonds;
                    (E) a description of the demonstrable or expected 
                benefits of the projects; and
                    (F) the estimated number of jobs created by the 
                projects.
            (3) The total dollar amount of all funds received by local 
        educational agencies from school infrastructure bonds.
            (4) Any other factors that the Secretary determines to be 
        appropriate.
    (c) Information Collection.--A State or local educational agency 
that receives funds from a school infrastructure bond shall--
            (1) annually compile the information necessary for the 
        Secretary to determine the elements described in subsection 
        (b); and
            (2) report the information to the Secretary at such time 
        and in such manner as the Secretary may require.

SEC. 1020. ALLOWABLE USES OF FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in section 302, a local 
educational agency that receives covered funds may use such funds to--
            (1) develop the facilities master plan required under 
        section 103(e);
            (2) construct, modernize, renovate, or retrofit public 
        school facilities, which may include seismic retrofitting for 
        schools vulnerable to natural disasters;
            (3) carry out major repairs of public school facilities;
            (4) install furniture or fixtures with at least a 10-year 
        life in public school facilities;
            (5) construct new public school facilities;
            (6) acquire and prepare sites on which new public school 
        facilities will be constructed;
            (7) extend the life of basic systems and components of 
        public school facilities;
            (8) reduce current or anticipated overcrowding in public 
        school facilities;
            (9) ensure the building envelopes of public school 
        facilities are structurally sound, secure, and protects 
        occupants and interiors from the elements;
            (10) improve energy and water efficiency to lower the costs 
        of energy and water consumption in public school facilities;
            (11) improve indoor air quality in public school 
        facilities;
            (12) reduce or eliminate the presence of--
                    (A) toxins and chemicals, including mercury, radon, 
                PCBs, lead, and asbestos;
                    (B) mold and mildew; or
                    (C) rodents and pests;
            (13) ensure the safety of drinking water at the tap and 
        water used for meal preparation in public school facilities, 
        which may include testing of the potability of water at the tap 
        for the presence of lead and other contaminants;
            (14) bring public school facilities into compliance with 
        applicable fire, health, and safety codes;
            (15) make public school facilities accessible to people 
        with disabilities through compliance with the Americans with 
        Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) and section 
        504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794);
            (16) provide instructional program space improvements for 
        programs relating to early learning (including early learning 
        programs operated by partners of the agency), special 
        education, science, technology, career and technical education, 
        physical education, or the arts;
            (17) increase the use of public school facilities for the 
        purpose of community-based partnerships that provide students 
        with academic, health, and social services;
            (18) ensure the health of students and staff during the 
        construction or modernization of public school facilities; or
            (19) reduce or eliminate excessive classroom noise.
    (b) Allowance for Digital Learning.--A local educational agency may 
use funds received under section 103(a)(2) or proceeds from a school 
infrastructure bond limitation allocated under section 54BB(g)(1)(C) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by section 201) to leverage 
existing public programs or public-private partnerships to expand 
access to high-speed broadband sufficient for digital learning.

SEC. 1021. PROHIBITED USES.

    A local educational agency that receives covered funds may not use 
such funds for--
            (1) payment of routine and predictable maintenance costs 
        and minor repairs;
            (2) any facility that is primarily used for athletic 
        contests or exhibitions or other events for which admission is 
        charged to the general public;
            (3) vehicles;
            (4) central offices, operation centers, or other facilities 
        that are not primarily used to educate students; or
            (5) digital infrastructure or handheld digital devices.

SEC. 1022. GREEN PRACTICES.

    (a) In General.--In a given fiscal year, a local educational agency 
that uses covered funds for a new construction project or renovation 
project shall use not less than the applicable percentage (as described 
in subsection (b)) of the funds used for such project for construction 
or renovation that is certified, verified, or consistent with any 
applicable provisions of--
            (1) the United States Green Building Council Leadership in 
        Energy and Environmental Design green building rating standard 
        (commonly known as the ``LEED Green Building Rating System'');
            (2) the Living Building Challenge developed by the 
        International Living Future Institute;
            (3) a green building rating program developed by the 
        Collaborative for High-Performance Schools (commonly known as 
        ``CHPS'') that is CHPS-verified;
            (4) a program that--
                    (A) has standards that are equivalent to or more 
                stringent than the standards of a program described in 
                paragraphs (1) through (3);
                    (B) is adopted by the State or another jurisdiction 
                with authority over the agency; and
                    (C) includes a verifiable method to demonstrate 
                compliance with such program.
    (b) Applicable Percentage.--The applicable percentage described in 
this subsection is--
            (1) for fiscal year 2018, 60 percent;
            (2) for fiscal year 2019, 70 percent;
            (3) for fiscal year 2020; 80 percent;
            (4) for fiscal year 2021, 90 percent; and
            (5) for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2027, 100 
        percent.

SEC. 1023. USE OF AMERICAN IRON, STEEL, AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS.

    (a) In General.--A local educational agency that receives covered 
funds shall ensure that any iron, steel, and manufactured products used 
in projects carried out with such funds are produced in the United 
States.
    (b) Waiver Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may waive the requirement of 
        subsection (a) if the Secretary determines that--
                    (A) applying subsection (a) would be inconsistent 
                with the public interest;
                    (B) iron, steel, and manufactured products produced 
                in the United States are not produced in a sufficient 
                and reasonably available amount or are not of a 
                satisfactory quality; or
                    (C) using iron, steel, and manufactured products 
                produced in the United States will increase the cost of 
                the overall project by more than 25 percent.
            (2) Publication.--Before issuing a waiver under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a 
        detailed written explanation of the waiver determination.
    (c) Consistency With International Agreements.--This section shall 
be applied in a manner consistent with the obligations of the United 
States under international agreements.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Produced in the united states.--The term ``produced in 
        the United States'' means the following:
                    (A) When used with respect to a manufactured 
                product, the product was manufactured in the United 
                States and the cost of the components of such product 
                that were mined, produced, or manufactured in the 
                United States exceeds 60 percent of the total cost of 
                all components of the product.
                    (B) When used with respect to iron or steel 
                products, or an individual component of a manufactured 
                product, all manufacturing processes for such iron or 
                steel products or components, from the initial melting 
                stage through the application of coatings, occurred in 
                the United States. Except that the term does not 
                include--
                            (i) steel or iron material or products 
                        manufactured abroad from semi-finished steel or 
                        iron from the United States; and
                            (ii) or iron material or products 
                        manufactured in the United States from semi-
                        finished steel or iron of foreign origin.
            (2) Manufactured product.--The term ``manufactured 
        product'' means any construction material or end product (as 
        such terms are defined in part 25.003 of the Federal 
        Acquisition Regulation) that is not an iron or steel product, 
        including--
                    (A) electrical components; and
                    (B) non-ferrous building materials, including, 
                aluminum and polyvinylchloride (PVC), glass, fiber 
                optics, plastic, wood, masonry, rubber, manufactured 
                stone, any other non-ferrous metals, and any 
                unmanufactured construction material.

SEC. 1024. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REPORT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than the date that is 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 
a report on the projects carried out with covered funds.
    (b) Elements.--The report under subsection (a) shall include an 
assessment of--
            (1) the types of projects carried out with covered funds;
            (2) the geographic distribution of the projects;
            (3) an assessment of the impact of the projects on the 
        health and safety of school staff and students; and
            (4) how the Secretary or States could make covered funds 
        more accessible--
                    (A) to schools with highest numbers and percentages 
                of students counted under section 1124(c) of the 
                Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 6333(c)); and
                    (B) to schools with fiscal challenges in raising 
                capital for school infrastructure projects.
    (c) Updates.--The Comptroller General shall update and resubmit the 
report to the appropriate congressional committees--
            (1) on a date that is between 5 and 6 years after the date 
        of enactment of this Act; and
            (2) on a date that is between 10 and 11 years after such 
        date of enactment.

SEC. 1025. STUDY AND REPORT PHYSICAL CONDITION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

    (a) Study and Report.--Not less frequently than once in each 5-year 
period beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary, acting through the Director of the Institute of Education 
Sciences, shall--
            (1) carry out a comprehensive study of the physical 
        conditions of public schools in the United States, including 
        schools that received covered funds schools that did not 
        receive such funds; and
            (2) submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
        committees that includes that results of the study.
    (b) Elements.--Each study and report under subsection (a) shall 
include an assessment of--
            (1) the effect of school facility conditions on student and 
        staff health and safety;
            (2) the effect of school facility conditions on student 
        academic outcomes;
            (3) the condition of school facilities, set forth 
        separately by geographic region;
            (4) the condition of school facilities for economically 
        disadvantaged students as well as students from major racial 
        and ethnic subgroups; and
            (5) the accessibility of school facilities for students and 
        staff with disabilities.

SEC. 1026. DEVELOPMENT OF DATA STANDARDS.

    (a) Data Standards.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
officials described in subsection (b), shall--
            (1) identify the data that States should collect and 
        include in the databases developed under section 102(a)(2)(B);
            (2) develop standards for the measurement of such data; and
            (3) issue guidance to States concerning the collection and 
        measurement of such data.
    (b) Officials.--The officials described in this subsection are--
            (1) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
        Agency;
            (2) the Secretary of Energy;
            (3) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
        Prevention; and
            (4) the Director of the National Institute for Occupational 
        Safety and Health.

SEC. 1027. INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a clearinghouse to 
disseminate information on Federal programs and financing mechanisms 
that may be used to assist schools in initiating, developing, and 
financing--
            (1) energy efficiency projects;
            (2) distributed generation projects; and
            (3) energy retrofitting projects.
    (b) Elements.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall--
            (1) consult with the officials described in section 307(b) 
        to develop a list of Federal programs and financing mechanisms 
        to be included in the clearinghouse; and
            (2) coordinate with such officials to develop a 
        collaborative education and outreach effort to streamline 
        communications and promote the Federal programs and financing 
        mechanisms included in the clearinghouse, which may include the 
        development and maintenance of a single online resource that 
        includes contact information for relevant technical assistance 
        that may be used by States, local education agencies, and 
        schools to effectively access and use such Federal programs and 
        financing mechanisms.

SEC. 1028. TEMPORARY INCREASE IN FUNDING FOR IMPACT AID CONSTRUCTION.

    Section 7014(d) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 7714(d)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Construction.--For the purpose of carrying out section 7007, 
there are authorized to be appropriated--
            ``(1) $17,406,000 for fiscal year 2017;
            ``(2) $50,406,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 and 2019; 
        and
            ``(3) $52,756,765 for fiscal year 2020.''.

                    Subtitle B--Building Resiliency

SEC. 1201. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this subtitle, the following definitions shall 
apply:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) a State;
                    (B) a unit of general local government;
                    (C) an Indian tribe; or
                    (D) a regional entity comprised of entities 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C).
            (2) National center.--The term ``National Center'' means 
        the National Research Center for Resilience established under 
        section 143.
            (3) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' means the ability 
        to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, and more 
        successfully adapt to disasters, chronic stresses, and acute 
        shocks, including any hurricane, tornado, storm, high water, 
        recurrent flooding, wind-driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, 
        earthquake, volcanic eruption, fire, landslide, mudslide, 
        snowstorm, or drought.
            (4) Resilience grant.--The term ``resilience grant'' means 
        a grant awarded under section 142.
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Housing and Urban Development.
            (6) State; unit of general local government; indian 
        tribe.--The terms ``State'', ``unit of general local 
        government'', and ``Indian tribe'' have the meanings given such 
        terms in section 102 of the Housing and Community Development 
        Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5302).

SEC. 1202. COMMUNITY RESILIENCE GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Authority.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
shall carry out a Community Resilience Grant Program under this section 
to provide assistance to communities for increasing resilience to 
chronic stresses and acute shocks, including improving long-term 
resilience of infrastructure and housing.
    (b) Grantees.--Grant amounts shall be awarded on a competitive 
basis, as provided under section 102 of the Department of Housing and 
Urban Development Reform Act of 1989 (42 U.S.C. 3545), only to eligible 
entities, within whose boundaries or jurisdictions are located any area 
for which a major disaster was declared pursuant to section 401 of the 
Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 
U.S.C. 5170), during the 5-year period ending upon the date on which 
the eligible entity submits an application for such a grant.
    (c) Eligible Activities.--
            (1) In general.--Amounts from a resilience grant may be 
        used only for activities authorized under either section 105 or 
        108 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 
        U.S.C. 5305, 5308), but not including activities under 
        paragraphs (9) and (10) of such section 105(a).
            (2) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
        Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the 
        Chief of Engineers and Commanding General of the United States 
        Army Corps of Engineers, the Administrator of the Environmental 
        Protection Agency, and the Secretary of Transportation before 
        awarding a resilience grant to ensure that there is no 
        duplication of assistance with respect to activities carried 
        out with amounts provided from a resilience grant.
    (d) Matching Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall require each recipient 
        of a resilience grant to supplement the amounts of the grant 
        with an amount of funds from non-Federal sources that is not 
        less than 50 percent of the amount of the resilience grant.
            (2) Form of non-federal share.--Supplemental funds provided 
        under paragraph (1) may include any non-monetary, in-kind 
        contributions in connection with activities carried out under 
        the plan approved under subsection (e) for the grant recipient.
    (e) Application; Selection; Selection Criteria; Plans.--
            (1) Applications.--
                    (A) Requirement.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                eligible entities to submit applications for resilience 
                grants.
                    (B) Plans for use of grant funds.--The Secretary 
                shall require each application for a resilience grant 
                to include a plan detailing the proposed use of all 
                grant funds, including how the use of such funds will 
                address long-term resilience of infrastructure and 
                housing.
            (2) Review and selection; criteria for selection.--
                    (A) Competition.--Resilience grants shall be 
                awarded on a competitive basis and the Secretary shall 
                establish and utilize a transparent, reliable, and 
                valid system for reviewing and evaluating applications 
                for resilience grants, in accordance with section 102 
                of the Department of Housing and Urban Development 
                Reform Act of 1989 (42 U.S.C. 3545).
                    (B) Criteria.--The Secretary shall establish, by 
                notice, and utilize criteria for selecting applications 
                to be funded under this section, which shall--
                            (i) be based primarily on a determination 
                        of greatest need, as such term is defined by 
                        the Secretary;
                            (ii) provide due consideration to other 
                        enumerated factors, including the ability of 
                        the plan for use of grant funds required under 
                        paragraph (1)(B) to increase an applicant's 
                        resilience, and the capacity of the applicant 
                        to successfully implement the activities 
                        described in such plan;
                            (iii) provide that the Secretary shall 
                        consider that an application that includes a 
                        plan for use of grant funds that consists of a 
                        resilience or mitigation plan previously 
                        approved by another Federal agency, including a 
                        hazard mitigation plan developed under section 
                        322 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief 
                        and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5165), 
                        shall be sufficient for purposes of paragraph 
                        (1)(B) if, together with such plan, the 
                        applicant includes a detailed description 
                        regarding use of all grant funds provided under 
                        this section;
                            (iv) give consideration to the need for 
                        resilience grants to be awarded to eligible 
                        entities in each region of the United States; 
                        and
                            (v) give consideration to applicants whose 
                        plans submitted under paragraph (1)(B) propose 
                        innovative approaches to increasing community 
                        resilience to extreme weather, including 
                        increasing long-term resilience of 
                        infrastructure and housing and economic 
                        resilience.
    (f) Administration; Treatment as CDBG Funds.--Except as otherwise 
provided by this subtitle, amounts appropriated, revenues generated, or 
amounts otherwise made available to eligible entities under this 
section shall be treated as though such funds were community 
development block grant funds under title I of the Housing and 
Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.).
    (g) Environmental Reviews.--
            (1) Assumption of responsibilities.--
                    (A) In general.--In order to ensure that the 
                policies of the National Environmental Policy Act of 
                1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), and other provisions of 
                law which further the purposes of such Act (as 
                specified in regulations issued by the Secretary) are 
                most effectively implemented in connection with the 
                expenditure of funds under this section, and to assure 
                to the public undiminished protection of the 
                environment, the Secretary, in lieu of the 
                environmental protection procedures otherwise 
                applicable, may under regulations provide for the 
                release of funds for particular projects to recipients 
                of resilience grants who assume all of the 
                responsibilities for environmental review, 
                decisionmaking, and action pursuant to such Act, and 
                such other provisions of law as the regulations of the 
                Secretary specify, that would apply to the Secretary 
                were the Secretary to undertake such projects as 
                Federal projects.
                    (B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall issue 
                regulations to carry out this paragraph only after 
                consultation with the Council on Environmental Quality.
            (2) Submission of certification.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall approve the 
                release of funds for projects subject to the procedures 
                authorized by this subsection only if, at least 15 days 
                prior to such approval and prior to any commitment of 
                funds to such projects other than for purposes 
                authorized by section 105(a)(12) of the Housing and 
                Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
                5305(a)(12)), or for environmental studies, the 
                recipient of a resilience grant has submitted to the 
                Secretary a request for such release accompanied by a 
                certification which meets the requirements of paragraph 
                (3).
                    (B) Satisfaction of environmental laws.--The 
                Secretary's approval of any such certification shall be 
                deemed to satisfy the Secretary's responsibilities 
                under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and 
                such other provisions of law as the regulations of the 
                Secretary specify insofar as those responsibilities 
                relate to the releases of funds for projects to be 
                carried out pursuant thereto which are covered by such 
                certification.
            (3) Requirements of certification.--A certification under 
        the procedures authorized by this subsection shall--
                    (A) be in a form acceptable to the Secretary;
                    (B) be executed by the chief executive officer or 
                other officer of the recipient of a resilience grant 
                who is qualified under regulations of the Secretary;
                    (C) specify that the recipient of the resilience 
                grant has fully carried out its responsibilities as 
                described under paragraph (1) of this subsection; and
                    (D) specify that the certifying officer--
                            (i) consents to assume the status of a 
                        responsible Federal official under the National 
                        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and each 
                        provision of law specified in regulations 
                        issued by the Secretary insofar as the 
                        provisions of such Act or other such provision 
                        of law apply pursuant to paragraph (1) of this 
                        subsection; and
                            (ii) is authorized and consents on behalf 
                        of the recipient of the resilience grant and 
                        the certifying office to accept the 
                        jurisdiction of the Federal courts for the 
                        purpose of enforcement of his responsibilities 
                        as such an official.
            (4) Grants to states.--In the case of a resilience grant 
        made to a State--
                    (A) the State shall perform those actions of the 
                Secretary described in paragraph (2); and
                    (B) the performance of such actions shall be deemed 
                to satisfy the Secretary's responsibilities referred to 
                in subparagraph (B) of such paragraph.
            (5) Implementation.--The Secretary shall implement this 
        subsection in a manner consistent with the implementation of 
        section 104(g) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 
        1974 (42 U.S.C. 5304(g)).

SEC. 1203. NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR RESILIENCE.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the Office of 
Policy Development and Research, shall--
            (1) select, on a competitive basis, a single nonprofit 
        organization having a national reputation for expertise in 
        resilience research and capacity building to develop a National 
        Research Center for Resilience; and
            (2) subject only to the availability of amounts provided in 
        appropriation Acts, make annual grants of amounts made 
        available pursuant to section 146(b)(1) for the establishment 
        and operation of the National Center.
    (b) Activities.--The National Center shall--
            (1) collaborate with institutions of higher education as 
        partners to create a best practices sharing network to support 
        the programs and activities carried out with resilience grants;
            (2) coordinate with any other relevant centers and entities 
        throughout the Federal Government on efforts relating to 
        improving community resilience;
            (3) collect and disseminate research and other information 
        about evidence-based and promising practices related to 
        resilience to inform the efforts of research partners and to 
        support the programs and activities carried out with resilience 
        grants;
            (4) increase the public's knowledge and understanding of 
        effective practices to improve regional and community 
        resilience throughout the United States; and
            (5) make grants under subsection (d) for Regional Centers 
        for Resilience.
    (c) Dissemination of Proven Practices.--The Secretary shall collect 
information from the National Center regarding its activities and 
research and shall develop, manage, and regularly update an online site 
to disseminate proven practices for improving community resilience.
    (d) Grants for Regional Centers for Resilience.--
            (1) Grant program.--The National Center shall carry out a 
        program to make grants to institutions of higher education, or 
        other non-profit organizations, having a national reputation to 
        establish a Regional Center for Resilience in each of the 10 
        regions of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, as 
        that shall serve as regional research partners with recipients 
        of resilience grants that are located in the same geographic 
        region as such institution, in collaboration with the National 
        Center.
            (2) Support services.--A Regional Center for Resilience 
        receiving a grant under this section shall use such grant 
        amounts to--
                    (A) provide research support to recipients of 
                resilience grants, including support services for data 
                collection, general research, and analysis to assess 
                the progress of activities carried out with resilience 
                grants;
                    (B) provide technical assistance to prospective 
                applicants for, and recipients of, resilience grants; 
                and
                    (C) collaborate with and share information with the 
                National Center.

SEC. 1204. ANNUAL PROGRAMS REPORT.

    The Secretary shall annually submit to the Congress, and make 
publicly available, a report on the programs carried out under this 
subtitle, which shall evaluate the performance of such programs using 
the program performance metrics established under Executive Order 13576 
(76 Fed. Reg. 35297), or any subsequent replacement executive order.

SEC. 1205. GAO REPORTS.

    (a) Access to Information.--The Comptroller General of the United 
States shall have access to all information regarding and generated by 
the programs carried out under this subtitle.
    (b) Reports.--Not later than the expiration of the 2-year period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, and every two years 
thereafter, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Congress a 
report analyzing and assessing the performance of the programs carried 
out under this subtitle.

SEC. 1206. FUNDING.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this subtitle $1,000,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
    (b) Allocation.--Of any amounts appropriated for each such fiscal 
year--
            (1) 1.0 percent shall be available for grants under section 
        143;
            (2) 0.1 percent shall be available to the Office of 
        Community Planning and Development for necessary costs, 
        including information technology costs and salaries and 
        expenses, of administering and overseeing funds made available 
        for grants under sections 142 and 143; and
            (3) the remainder shall be available for resilience grants 
        under section 142.

                           TITLE II--POVERTY

SEC. 2001. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR ASSISTANCE IN PERSISTENT POVERTY 
              COUNTIES.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, of the 
funds made available (if any) in each of fiscal years 2019 through 2028 
in any appropriations Act for each of the following accounts or 
activities, 10 percent of such funds shall be allocated for assistance 
in persistent poverty counties:
            (1) ``Department of Agriculture, Rural Development 
        Programs''.
            (2) ``Department of Commerce, Economic Development 
        Administration, Economic Development Assistance Programs''.
            (3) ``Department of Commerce, National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology, Construction of Research 
        Facilities''.
            (4) ``Department of Education, Fund for the Improvement of 
        Education''.
            (5) ``Department of Education, Fund for the Improvement of 
        Postsecondary Education''.
            (6) ``Department of Labor, Employment and Training 
        Administration, Training and Employment Services''.
            (7) ``Department of Health and Human Services, Health 
        Resources and Services Administration''.
            (8) ``Department of Housing and Urban Development, Economic 
        Development Initiative''.
            (9) ``Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs''.
            (10) ``Environmental Protection Agency, State and Tribal 
        Assistance Grants, Water and Wastewater''.
            (11) ``Department of Transportation, Federal Highway 
        Administration, Transportation Community and System 
        Preservation''.
            (12) ``Department of the Treasury, Community Development 
        Financial Institutions''.
    (b) Determination of Persistent Poverty Counties.--For purposes of 
this section, the term ``persistent poverty counties'' means any county 
with a poverty rate of at least 20 percent, as determined in each of 
the 1990 and 2000 decennial censuses and the Bureau of the Census's 
Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (``SAIPE'') for the most recent 
year for which SAIPE data is available.
    (c) Reports.--Not later than six months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, each department or agency listed in subsection 
(a) shall submit to Congress a progress report on the implementation of 
this section.

SEC. 2002. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of the Congress that a qualified entity conducting 
a demonstration project under the Assets for Independence Act should, 
to the maximum extent practicable, increase--
            (1) the rate at which the entity matches contributions by 
        individuals participating in the project under section 
        410(a)(1) of such Act; or
            (2) the number of individuals participating in the project.

SEC. 2003. FINDINGS.

    Section 402 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Fully \1/2\'' and 
        inserting ``Almost \1/4\''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the first sentence and 
        inserting the following: ``Traditional public assistance 
        programs concentrate on income and consumption and have lacked 
        an asset-building component to promote and support the 
        transition to increased economic self-sufficiency.''.

SEC. 2004. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 404 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(4) Household.--The term `household' means an individual 
        or group of individuals who live in a single residence. 
        Multiple households may share a single residence.'';
            (2) in paragraph (5)(A)--
                    (A) by striking clause (iii);
                    (B) by redesignating clauses (iv) through (vi) as 
                clauses (iii) through (v), respectively; and
                    (C) in clause (iv), as so redesignated by 
                subparagraph (B), by striking ``clause (vi)'' and 
                inserting ``clause (v)'';
            (3) in paragraph (7)(A), by striking clauses (ii) and (iii) 
        and inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) a State or local government agency 
                        (or a public housing agency, as defined in 
                        section 3(b)(6) of the United States Housing 
                        Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(6))) or a 
                        tribal government (or a tribally designated 
                        housing entity, as defined in section 4(22) of 
                        the Native American Housing Assistance and 
                        Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 
                        4103(22)));
                            ``(iii) a credit union designated as a low-
                        income credit union by the National Credit 
                        Union Administration (NCUA); or
                            ``(iv) an organization designated as a 
                        community development financial institution by 
                        the Secretary of the Treasury (or the Community 
                        Development Financial Institutions Fund).''; 
                        and
            (4) in paragraph (8)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) in the first sentence--
                                    (I) by inserting ``of an eligible 
                                individual or the dependent of an 
                                eligible individual (as such term is 
                                used in subparagraph (E)(ii))'' after 
                                ``expenses''; and
                                    (II) by inserting ``, or to a 
                                vendor pursuant to an education 
                                purchase plan approved by a qualified 
                                entity'' before the period;
                            (ii) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) in subclause (II), by inserting 
                                ``or for courses described in subclause 
                                (III)'' after ``eligible educational 
                                institution''; and
                                    (II) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                                    ``(III) Preparatory courses.--
                                Preparatory courses for an examination 
                                required for admission to an eligible 
                                educational institution, for successful 
                                performance at an eligible educational 
                                institution, or for a professional 
                                licensing or certification examination.
                                    ``(IV) Room and board and 
                                transportation.--Room and board and 
                                transportation, including commuting 
                                expenses, necessary to enable 
                                attendance at courses of instruction at 
                                an eligible educational institution or 
                                attendance at courses described in 
                                subclause (III).'';
                            (iii) by striking clause (ii) and inserting 
                        the following:
                            ``(ii) Eligible educational institution.--
                        The term `eligible educational institution' 
                        means--
                                    ``(I) an institution described in 
                                section 101 or 102 of the Higher 
                                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001, 
                                1002); or
                                    ``(II) an area career and technical 
                                education school, as defined in section 
                                3(3) of the Carl D. Perkins Career and 
                                Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 
                                U.S.C. 2302(3)).''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Education purchase plan.--The term 
                        `education purchase plan' means a plan--
                                    ``(I) for the purchase of items or 
                                services described in subclauses (II) 
                                through (IV) of clause (i) from 
                                entities other than eligible 
                                educational institutions;
                                    ``(II) that includes a description 
                                of the items or services to be 
                                purchased; and
                                    ``(III) that includes such 
                                information as a qualified entity may 
                                request from the eligible individual 
                                involved regarding the necessity of the 
                                items or services to a course of study 
                                at an eligible educational institution 
                                or a course described in clause 
                                (i)(III).'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking clause (i) and inserting 
                        the following:
                            ``(i) Principal residence.--The term 
                        `principal residence' means a main residence 
                        the qualified acquisition costs of which do not 
                        exceed 120 percent of the median house price in 
                        the area, as determined by the Secretary of 
                        Housing and Urban Development for purposes of 
                        section 203(b) of the National Housing Act (12 
                        U.S.C. 1709(b)) for a residence occupied by a 
                        number of families that corresponds to the 
                        number of households occupying the residence 
                        involved.''; and
                            (ii) in clause (iii)--
                                    (I) by striking subclause (I) and 
                                inserting the following:
                                    ``(I) In general.--Subject to 
                                subclause (II), the term `qualified 
                                first-time homebuyer' means an 
                                individual participating in the project 
                                involved who--
                                            ``(aa) has no sole present 
                                        ownership interest in a 
                                        principal residence during the 
                                        3-year period ending on the 
                                        date of acquisition of the 
                                        principal residence to which 
                                        this subparagraph applies 
                                        (except for an interest in the 
                                        principal residence); and
                                            ``(bb) has no co-ownership 
                                        interest in a principal 
                                        residence on the date of 
                                        acquisition of the principal 
                                        residence to which this 
                                        subparagraph applies (except 
                                        for an interest in the 
                                        principal residence).'';
                                    (II) by redesignating subclause 
                                (II) as subclause (III); and
                                    (III) by inserting after subclause 
                                (I) the following:
                                    ``(II) Exception for victims of 
                                domestic violence.--An individual 
                                participating in the project involved 
                                who is a recent or current victim of 
                                domestic violence (as defined in 
                                section 40002(a)(8) of the Violence 
                                Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 
                                13925(a)(8))) shall not be considered 
                                to fail to be a qualified first-time 
                                homebuyer by reason of having a co-
                                ownership interest in a principal 
                                residence with a person who committed 
                                domestic violence against the 
                                victim.'';
                    (C) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as 
                subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively;
                    (D) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
                following:
                    ``(C) Home replacement, repair, or improvement.--
                Qualified replacement costs or qualified repair or 
                improvement costs with respect to a principal 
                residence, if paid from an individual development 
                account directly to the persons to whom the amounts are 
                due. In this subparagraph:
                            ``(i) Principal residence.--The term 
                        `principal residence' means--
                                    ``(I) with respect to payment of 
                                qualified replacement costs, a main 
                                residence the qualified replacement 
                                costs of which do not exceed 120 
                                percent of the median house price in 
                                the area, as determined by the 
                                Secretary of Housing and Urban 
                                Development for purposes of section 
                                203(b) of the National Housing Act (12 
                                U.S.C. 1709(b)) for a residence 
                                occupied by a number of families that 
                                corresponds to the number of households 
                                occupying the residence involved; or
                                    ``(II) with respect to qualified 
                                repair or improvement costs, a main 
                                residence the value of which does not 
                                exceed, on the day before the 
                                commencement of the repairs or 
                                improvements, 120 percent of the median 
                                house price.
                            ``(ii) Qualified replacement costs.--The 
                        term `qualified replacement costs' means the 
                        costs (including any usual or reasonable 
                        settlement, financing, or other closing costs) 
                        of replacing--
                                    ``(I) a manufactured home that was 
                                manufactured, assembled, or imported 
                                for resale before the initial 
                                effectiveness of any Federal 
                                manufactured home construction and 
                                safety standards established pursuant 
                                to section 604 of the National 
                                Manufactured Housing Construction and 
                                Safety Standards Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
                                5403); or
                                    ``(II) a residence that fails to 
                                meet local building codes or is not 
                                legally habitable.
                            ``(iii) Qualified repair or improvement 
                        costs.--The term `qualified repair or 
                        improvement costs' means the costs of making 
                        repairs or improvements (including any usual or 
                        reasonable financing costs) that will enhance 
                        the habitability or long-term value of a 
                        residence.''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Qualified tuition programs.--Contributions 
                paid from an individual development account of an 
                eligible individual directly to a qualified tuition 
                program (as defined in section 529(b) of the Internal 
                Revenue Code of 1986), for the purpose of covering 
                qualified higher education expenses (as defined in 
                section 529(e)(3) of such Code) of a dependent of the 
                individual (as such term is used in subparagraph 
                (E)(ii) of this paragraph).''.

SEC. 2005. APPLICATIONS.

    Section 405 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(4), by adding at the end the 
        following: ``Such funds include funds received under the 
        Community Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9901 et seq.), 
        the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
        U.S.C. 450b et seq.), the Native American Housing Assistance 
        and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4101 et seq.), or 
        title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 
        (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.) (including Community Development Block 
        Grant Act funds and Indian Community Development Block Grant 
        Act funds), that are formally committed to the project.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Applications for New Projects and Renewals of Existing 
Projects.--For project years beginning on or after the date of the 
enactment of this subsection, the preceding provisions of this section 
shall only apply as follows:
            ``(1) Announcement of procedures.--Not later than 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this subsection, the 
        Secretary shall publicly announce the procedures by which a 
        qualified entity may submit an application--
                    ``(A) to conduct a demonstration project under this 
                title; or
                    ``(B) for renewal of authority to conduct a 
                demonstration project under this title.
            ``(2) Approval.--The Secretary shall, on a competitive 
        basis, approve applications submitted pursuant to the 
        procedures announced under paragraph (1) of this subsection, 
        taking into account the assessments required by subsection (c) 
        and giving special consideration to the applications described 
        in paragraph (3) of this subsection.
            ``(3) Special consideration.--The applications described in 
        this paragraph are the following:
                    ``(A) Applications submitted by qualified entities 
                proposing to conduct demonstration projects under this 
                title that will target the following populations:
                            ``(i) Individuals who are or have been in 
                        foster care.
                            ``(ii) Victims of domestic violence (as 
                        defined in section 40002(a)(8) of the Violence 
                        Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 
                        13925(a)(8))).
                            ``(iii) Victims of--
                                    ``(I) a major disaster declared to 
                                exist by the President under section 
                                401 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster 
                                Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 
                                U.S.C. 5170) or an emergency declared 
                                to exist by the President under section 
                                501 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 5191); or
                                    ``(II) a situation similar to a 
                                major disaster or emergency described 
                                in subclause (I) declared to exist by 
                                the Governor of a State.
                            ``(iv) Formerly incarcerated individuals.
                            ``(v) Individuals who are unemployed or 
                        underemployed.
                    ``(B) Applications described in subsection (d).
            ``(4) Contracts with nonprofit entities.--Subsection (f) 
        shall continue to apply.
            ``(5) Grandfathering of existing statewide programs.--
        Subsection (g) shall continue to apply, except that any 
        reference in such subsection to the date of enactment of this 
        Act or to $1,000,000 shall be deemed to be a reference to the 
        date of the enactment of this subsection or to $250,000, 
        respectively.''.

SEC. 2006. DEMONSTRATION AUTHORITY; ANNUAL GRANTS.

    Section 406(a) of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 
note) is amended by inserting ``(or, in the case of an application 
approved under section 405(h)(2), not later than 30 days after the date 
of the approval of the application)'' after ``the date of enactment of 
this title''.

SEC. 2007. RESERVE FUND.

    Section 407(c) of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 
note) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(D), by inserting ``or organizations'' 
        after ``organization''; and
            (2) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
            ``(3) Limitation on uses.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Of the amount provided to a 
                qualified entity under section 406(b)--
                            ``(i) not more than 5.5 percent shall be 
                        used for the purpose described in subparagraph 
                        (A) of paragraph (1);
                            ``(ii) not less than 80 percent shall be 
                        used for the purpose described in subparagraph 
                        (B) of such paragraph; and
                            ``(iii) not more than 14.5 percent shall be 
                        used for the purposes described in 
                        subparagraphs (C) and (D) of such paragraph.
                    ``(B) Joint administration of project.--If 2 or 
                more qualified entities are jointly administering a 
                demonstration project, no such entity shall use more 
                than its proportional share of the percentage indicated 
                in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph for the purposes 
                described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph 
                (1).''.

SEC. 2008. ELIGIBILITY FOR PARTICIPATION.

    Section 408 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) Income tests.--The household meets either of the 
        following income tests:
                    ``(A) Adjusted gross income test.--The adjusted 
                gross income of the household for the last taxable year 
                ending in or with the preceding calendar year does not 
                exceed the greater of--
                            ``(i) 200 percent of the Federal poverty 
                        line, as defined in section 673(2) of the 
                        Community Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 
                        9902(2)), including any revision required by 
                        such section, for a family composed of the 
                        number of persons in the household at the end 
                        of the taxable year; or
                            ``(ii) 80 percent of the median income for 
                        the area for the taxable year, as determined by 
                        the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
                        for purposes of section 3(b)(2) of the United 
                        States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 
                        1437a(b)(2)), taking into account any family-
                        size adjustment by the Secretary under such 
                        section that corresponds to the size of the 
                        household at the end of the taxable year.
                    ``(B) Modified adjusted gross income test.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The modified adjusted 
                        gross income of the household for the last 
                        taxable year ending in or with the preceding 
                        calendar year does not exceed the amount 
                        described in clause (ii) for the individual 
                        whose eligibility is being determined under 
                        this section.
                            ``(ii) Amount described.--The amount 
                        described in this clause for an individual is 
                        as follows:
                                    ``(I) Married filing jointly.--
                                $40,000 for an individual described in 
                                section 1(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue 
                                Code of 1986.
                                    ``(II) Surviving spouse.--$40,000 
                                for an individual described in section 
                                1(a)(2) of such Code.
                                    ``(III) Head of household.--$30,000 
                                for an individual described in section 
                                1(b) of such Code.
                                    ``(IV) Single or married filing 
                                separately.--$20,000 for an individual 
                                described in section 1(c) or 1(d) of 
                                such Code.
                            ``(iii) Adjustment for inflation.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--In the case of a 
                                calendar year described in clause (i) 
                                that is after 2018, the dollar amounts 
                                in clause (ii) shall be the dollar 
                                amounts determined under this clause 
                                (or clause (ii)) for the previous year 
                                increased by the annual percentage 
                                increase (if any) in the consumer price 
                                index (all items; U.S. city average) as 
                                of September of the calendar year 
                                described in clause (i).
                                    ``(II) Rounding.--Any dollar amount 
                                determined under subclause (I) that is 
                                not a multiple of $100 shall be rounded 
                                to the next greatest multiple of 
                                $100.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the 
                following:
                    ``(D) Adjustment for inflation.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a 
                        calendar year described in subparagraph (A) 
                        that is after 2018, the dollar amount in such 
                        subparagraph shall be the dollar amount 
                        determined under this clause (or such 
                        subparagraph) for the previous year increased 
                        by the annual percentage increase (if any) in 
                        the consumer price index (all items; U.S. city 
                        average) as of September of the calendar year 
                        described in such subparagraph.
                            ``(ii) Rounding.--Any dollar amount 
                        determined under clause (i) that is not a 
                        multiple of $100 shall be rounded to the next 
                        greatest multiple of $100.'';
            (2) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c);
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Calculating Income of Household.--
            ``(1) Adjusted gross income.--For purposes of subsection 
        (a)(1)(A), the adjusted gross income of a household for a 
        taxable year is the sum of the adjusted gross incomes of the 
        individuals who are members of the household at the end of the 
        year.
            ``(2) Modified adjusted gross income.--For purposes of 
        subsection (a)(1)(B), the modified adjusted gross income of a 
        household for a taxable year is the sum of the modified 
        adjusted gross incomes of the individuals who are members of 
        the household at the end of the year.''; and
            (4) in subsection (c), as so redesignated by paragraph (2) 
        of this subsection--
                    (A) by striking ``, including'' and all that 
                follows and inserting a period;
                    (B) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Individuals who move because of major disasters or 
        emergencies or to find employment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The regulations promulgated 
                under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall establish 
                procedures under which an individual described in 
                subparagraph (B) of this paragraph may transfer from 
                one demonstration project under this title to another 
                demonstration project under this title that is being 
                conducted in another community by a qualified entity 
                that agrees to accept the individual into the project. 
                The regulations shall not permit such a transfer unless 
                the qualified entity has sufficient amounts in its 
                Reserve Fund to make the deposits required by section 
                410 with respect to the individual.
                    ``(B) Individual described.--An individual 
                described in this subparagraph is an individual 
                participating in a demonstration project under this 
                title who moves from the community in which the project 
                is being conducted--
                            ``(i) because of--
                                    ``(I) a major disaster declared to 
                                exist in the community by the President 
                                under section 401 of the Robert T. 
                                Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency 
                                Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170) or an 
                                emergency declared to exist in the 
                                community by the President under 
                                section 501 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
                                5191);
                                    ``(II) a situation similar to a 
                                major disaster or emergency described 
                                in subclause (I) declared to exist in 
                                the community by the Governor of a 
                                State; or
                                    ``(III) a qualifying life event 
                                experienced by the individual; or
                            ``(ii) in order to secure employment.
                    ``(C) Qualifying life event defined.--For purposes 
                of subparagraph (B)(i)(III), the term `qualifying life 
                event'--
                            ``(i) means an event determined by the 
                        Secretary to be similar to an event that would 
                        permit the individual to make an election 
                        change with respect to a cafeteria plan under 
                        section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                        1986; and
                            ``(ii) includes--
                                    ``(I) a change in the legal marital 
                                status of the individual;
                                    ``(II) a change in the number of 
                                dependents of the individual (as such 
                                term is used in section 404(8)(E)(ii) 
                                of this Act);
                                    ``(III) the birth or death of a 
                                child of the individual;
                                    ``(IV) the adoption or placement 
                                for adoption of a child by the 
                                individual;
                                    ``(V) a change in the provider of 
                                daycare for a child of the individual, 
                                or a significant increase in the cost 
                                of the daycare; and
                                    ``(VI) a change in employment 
                                status of the individual, the spouse of 
                                the individual, or a dependent of the 
                                individual (as such term is used in 
                                section 404(8)(E)(ii)).
            ``(3) Relocation to community where no project is 
        available.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An individual described in 
                subparagraph (B) of this paragraph shall be permitted 
                to withdraw funds from the individual development 
                account of the individual during the 1-year period 
                following the date the individual moves to another 
                community in the same manner that an individual is 
                permitted under section 410(d)(2) to withdraw funds 
                during the 1-year period following the end of a 
                demonstration project.
                    ``(B) Individual described.--An individual 
                described in this subparagraph is an individual who--
                            ``(i) moves to a community where no 
                        demonstration project under this title is being 
                        conducted; or
                            ``(ii) after moving to another community 
                        and making such efforts as the Secretary may 
                        require to transfer to another demonstration 
                        project under this title, is, for any reason 
                        other than a violation of the requirements of 
                        this title or regulations promulgated by the 
                        Secretary under this title, not accepted into 
                        another demonstration project under this title.
                    ``(C) Funds remaining in ida.--Any funds remaining 
                in an individual development account after the end of 
                the 1-year period described in subparagraph (A) of this 
                paragraph shall be treated in the same manner as funds 
                remaining in an individual development account after 
                the end of the 1-year period described in section 
                410(d)(2)(A) are treated under section 410(f).
            ``(4) Relocation by other individuals.--The regulations 
        promulgated under paragraph (1) shall prohibit any individual 
        who is unable to continue participating in a demonstration 
        project under this title for any reason, except for an 
        individual described in paragraph (2)(B) or (3)(B), from being 
        eligible to participate in any other demonstration project 
        conducted under this title.''.

SEC. 2009. DEPOSITS BY QUALIFIED ENTITIES.

    Section 410 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2), by inserting ``2 times'' after 
        ``an amount equal to'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``$2,000'' and inserting 
        ``$5,000'';
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking ``$4,000'' and inserting 
        ``$10,000'';
            (4) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Secretary shall'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), as amended by subparagraph 
                (A) of this paragraph, by adding at the end the 
                following: ``The Secretary may waive the application of 
                the preceding sentence in the case of an individual who 
                has participated in another demonstration project under 
                this title (including successful completion after 
                transferring from one project to another project as 
                described in section 408(c)(2)) or an asset-building 
                project similar to the demonstration projects conducted 
                under this title.''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Access for 1 year after end of project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
                an eligible individual is able to withdraw funds from 
                an individual development account of the individual 
                during the 1-year period following the end of the 
                demonstration project with respect to which deposits 
                were made into the account (whether the project ends by 
                reason of expiration of the authority under section 
                406(a) of the qualified entity to conduct the 
                demonstration project, termination of the authority 
                under section 413 without transfer to another qualified 
                entity, or otherwise).
                    ``(B) Approval of withdrawals.--During the period 
                described in subparagraph (A), an eligible individual 
                may make a withdrawal only if the withdrawal is 
                approved in writing--
                            ``(i) by a responsible official of the 
                        qualified entity; or
                            ``(ii) by the Secretary, if the Secretary 
                        terminated the authority of the qualified 
                        entity to conduct the demonstration project 
                        under section 413 or the Secretary determines 
                        that the qualified entity is otherwise unable 
                        or unwilling to participate in the approval 
                        process.''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Unused Funds in IDA.--If funds remain in an individual 
development account after the end of the 1-year period described in 
subsection (d)(2)(A) of this section, the funds shall be disposed of as 
considered appropriate by the Secretary or a nonprofit entity (as such 
term is used in section 404(7)(A)(i)) designated by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 2010. REGULATIONS.

    Section 411 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by inserting ``; regulations'' after 
        ``projects'';
            (2) by striking ``A qualified entity'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) Local Control Over Demonstration Projects.--A qualified 
entity''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Regulations.--Subject to subsection (a), not later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this subsection, the Secretary 
shall promulgate such regulations as the Secretary considers necessary 
to implement this title. The Secretary may provide that any such 
regulation takes effect on the date of promulgation, but the Secretary 
shall accept and consider public comments for 60 days after the date of 
promulgation.''.

SEC. 2011. ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 412(b) of the Assets for Independence Act 
(42 U.S.C. 604 note) is amended by striking ``subsection (a) to'' and 
all that follows and inserting ``subsection (a) to the Secretary.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply to reports submitted on or after the date of the enactment of 
this Act.

SEC. 2012. SANCTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 413 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 
U.S.C. 604 note) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (5) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(5) if, by the end of the 90-day period beginning on the 
        date of the termination, the Secretary has not found a 
        qualified entity (or entities) described in paragraph (3) of 
        this subsection, shall--
                    ``(A) make every effort to identify, without 
                conducting a competition (unless the Secretary 
                determines that conducting a competition would be 
                feasible and appropriate), another qualified entity (or 
                entities), in the same or a different community, 
                willing and able to conduct one or more demonstration 
                projects under this title that may differ from the 
                project being terminated;
                    ``(B) in identifying a qualified entity (or 
                entities) under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, 
                give priority to qualified entities that--
                            ``(i) are participating in demonstration 
                        projects conducted under this title;
                            ``(ii) have waiting lists for participants 
                        in the demonstration projects; and
                            ``(iii) can demonstrate the availability of 
                        non-Federal funds described in section 
                        405(c)(4), in addition to any such funds 
                        committed to any demonstration projects being 
                        conducted by the qualified entity at the time 
                        the Secretary considers identifying the entity 
                        under such subparagraph (A), to be committed to 
                        the demonstration project (or projects) 
                        described in such subparagraph (A) as matching 
                        contributions; and
                    ``(C) if the Secretary identifies a qualified 
                entity (or entities) under such subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) transfer to the entity (or entities) 
                        control over the Reserve Fund established 
                        pursuant to section 407 with respect to the 
                        project being terminated; and
                            ``(ii) authorize the entity (or entities) 
                        to use the Reserve Fund to conduct a 
                        demonstration project (or projects) in 
                        accordance with an application approved under 
                        subsection (e) or (h)(2) of section 405 and the 
                        requirements of this title.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Focus on Community of Terminated Project.--In identifying 
another qualified entity (or entities) under paragraph (3) or (5) of 
subsection (b), the Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, select 
a qualified entity (or entities) in the community served by the 
demonstration project being terminated.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
        apply to terminations occurring on or after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.
            (2) Discretionary application to previous terminations.--
        The Secretary of Health and Human Services may apply the 
        amendment to terminations occurring within the 1-year period 
        ending on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act. 
        In the case of such an application, any reference in the 
        amendment to the date of the termination is deemed a reference 
        to such date of enactment.

SEC. 2013. EVALUATIONS.

    Section 414 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may enter into 1 or more contracts 
with 1 or more independent research organizations to evaluate the 
demonstration projects conducted under this title, individually and as 
a group, including all qualified entities participating in and sources 
providing funds for the demonstration projects conducted under this 
title. Such a contract may also provide for the evaluation of other 
asset-building programs and policies targeted to low-income 
individuals.'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (3);
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``, and how such 
                effects vary among different populations or 
                communities'';
                    (C) by striking paragraphs (5) and (6); and
                    (D) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (7) as 
                paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
            (3) in subsections (b) and (c), by inserting ``(or 
        organizations)'' after ``research organization'' each place it 
        appears.

SEC. 2014. COSTS OF TRAINING QUALIFIED ENTITIES.

    The Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 416 as section 417; and
            (2) by inserting after section 415 the following:

``SEC. 416. COSTS OF TRAINING QUALIFIED ENTITIES.

    ``If the Secretary determines that a qualified entity conducting a 
demonstration project under this title should receive training in order 
to conduct the project in accordance with an application approved under 
subsection (e) or (h)(2) of section 405 or the requirements of this 
title, or to otherwise successfully conduct the project, the Secretary 
may use funds appropriated under section 418 to cover the necessary 
costs of the training, including the costs of travel, accommodations, 
and meals.''.

SEC. 2015. WAIVER AUTHORITY.

    The Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 note) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 417, as so redesignated by 
        section 214(1) of this Act, as section 418; and
            (2) by inserting after section 416 the following:

``SEC. 417. WAIVER AUTHORITY.

    ``In order to carry out the purposes of this title, the Secretary 
may waive any requirement of this title--
            ``(1) relating to--
                    ``(A) the definition of a qualified entity;
                    ``(B) the approval of a qualified entity to conduct 
                a demonstration project under this title or to receive 
                a grant under this title;
                    ``(C) eligibility criteria for individuals to 
                participate in a demonstration project under this 
                title;
                    ``(D) amounts or limitations with respect to--
                            ``(i) the matching by a qualified entity of 
                        amounts deposited by an eligible individual in 
                        the individual development account of the 
                        individual;
                            ``(ii) the amount of funds that may be 
                        granted to a qualified entity by the Secretary; 
                        or
                            ``(iii) uses by a qualified entity of the 
                        funds granted to the qualified entity by the 
                        Secretary; or
                    ``(E) the withdrawal of funds from an individual 
                development account only for qualified expenses or as 
                an emergency withdrawal; or
            ``(2) the waiver of which is necessary to--
                    ``(A) permit the Secretary to enter into an 
                agreement with the Commissioner of Social Security;
                    ``(B) allow individuals to be placed on a waiting 
                list to participate in a demonstration project under 
                this title; or
                    ``(C) allow demonstration projects under this title 
                to be targeted to populations described in section 
                405(h)(3)(A) and to successfully recruit individuals 
                from the populations for participation.''.

SEC. 2016. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 418 of the Assets for Independence Act (42 U.S.C. 604 
note), as so redesignated by section 215(1) of this Act, is amended by 
inserting after ``2003'' the following: ``and $75,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022''.

SEC. 2017. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 414(e) of the Assets for Independence Act 
(42 U.S.C. 604 note) is amended by striking ``section 416'' and 
inserting ``section 418''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents in section 2 of the 
Community Opportunities, Accountability, and Training and Educational 
Services Act of 1998 (Public Law 105-285) is amended--
            (1) by striking the item relating to section 411 and 
        inserting the following new item:

``Sec. 411. Local control over demonstration projects; regulations.'';
        and
            (2) by striking the items relating to sections 415 and 416 
        and inserting the following new items:

``Sec. 415. No reduction in benefits.
``Sec. 416. Costs of training qualified entities.
``Sec. 417. Waiver authority.
``Sec. 418. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 2018. GENERAL EFFECTIVE DATE.

    The amendments made by sections 204 through 209 shall apply to 
project years beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this 
Act.

SEC. 2019. LOW-INCOME SEWER AND WATER ASSISTANCE PILOT PROGRAM.

    Title I of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 124. LOW-INCOME SEWER AND WATER ASSISTANCE PILOT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a pilot 
program to award grants to not fewer than 10 eligible entities to 
assist low-income households in maintaining access to sanitation 
services.
    ``(b) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report on 
the results of the program established under this section.
    ``(c) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
        municipality, or a public entity that owns or operates a public 
        water system, that is affected by a consent decree relating to 
        compliance with this Act.
            ``(2) Household.--The term `household' means any individual 
        or group of individuals who are living together as one economic 
        unit.
            ``(3) Low-income household.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `low-income household' 
                means a household--
                            ``(i) in which one or more individuals are 
                        receiving--
                                    ``(I) assistance under a State 
                                program funded under part A of title IV 
                                of the Social Security Act;
                                    ``(II) supplemental security income 
                                payments under title XVI of the Social 
                                Security Act;
                                    ``(III) supplemental nutrition 
                                assistance program benefits under the 
                                Food and Nutrition Act of 2008; or
                                    ``(IV) payments under section 1315, 
                                1521, 1541, or 1542 of title 38, United 
                                States Code, or under section 306 of 
                                the Veterans' and Survivors' Pension 
                                Improvement Act of 1978; or
                            ``(ii) that has an income determined by the 
                        State in which the eligible entity is located 
                        to not exceed the greater of--
                                    ``(I) an amount equal to 150 
                                percent of the poverty level for the 
                                State; or
                                    ``(II) an amount equal to 60 
                                percent of the State median income.
                    ``(B) Lower income limit.--For purposes of this 
                section, a State may adopt an income limit that is 
                lower than the limit described in subparagraph (A)(ii), 
                except that the State may not exclude a household from 
                eligibility in a fiscal year solely on the basis of 
                household income if the income is less than 110 percent 
                of the poverty level for the State.
            ``(4) Public water system.--The term `public water system' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 1401 of the Safe 
        Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f).
            ``(5) Sanitation services.--The term `sanitation services' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 113(g).''.

                    TITLE III--WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 3001. JOB SKILLS TRAINING FOR OLDER INDIVIDUALS.

    (a) Targeted Pilot Program.--The Secretary of Labor shall establish 
a pilot program pursuant to section 169(b) of the Workforce Investment 
and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3224(b)) to provide grants to entities 
eligible under such section to provide job skills training to and 
specific for older individuals, particularly in the areas of computer 
literacy, advanced computer operations, and resume writing.
    (b) Definition.--For purposes of the program established under 
subsection (a), the term ``older individual'' means an individual who 
is older than 45 years of age.

SEC. 3002. EXTENSION OF WORK OPPORTUNITY TAX CREDIT FOR CERTAIN 
              TARGETED GROUPS.

    (a) In General.--Subparagraph (B) of section 51(c)(4) of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting ``(December 31, 
2024, in the case of any member of a targeted group described in 
subparagraph (B), (C), (E), (F), or (G))'' before the period at the 
end.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply 
to individuals who begin work for the employer after December 31, 2019.

SEC. 3003. YOUTH AND SUMMER JOBS.

    (a) Intern Wage Credit.--
            (1) In general.--Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of 
        chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by 
        adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 45S. INTERN WAGE CREDIT.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of section 38, in the case of an 
eligible small business employer, the intern wage credit for any 
taxable year is an amount equal to 10 percent of the wages paid by the 
taxpayer during such taxable year to qualified interns for whom an 
election is in effect under this section.
    ``(b) Limitations.--
            ``(1) Credit.--The credit allowed under subsection (a) with 
        respect to any taxpayer for any taxable year shall not exceed 
        an amount equal to the excess (if any) of--
                    ``(A) $3,000, over
                    ``(B) the credit allowed under subsection (a) with 
                respect to such taxpayer for all preceding taxable 
                years.
            ``(2) Interns.--An election may not be made under this 
        section with respect to more than 5 qualified interns for any 
        taxable year.
    ``(c) Definitions and Special Rules.--For purposes of this 
section--
            ``(1) Eligible small employer.--The term `eligible small 
        employer' means any person which employed not more than 500 
        employees during the preceding taxable year. Rules similar to 
        the rules of section 448(c)(3) shall apply.
            ``(2) Eligible wages.--The term `eligible wages' means any 
        remuneration paid by the taxpayer to an individual for services 
        rendered as an employee.
            ``(3) Qualified intern.--The term `qualified intern' means 
        any individual who, during the period for which wages are taken 
        into account under subsection (a), is--
                    ``(A) enrolled at an eligible educational 
                institution (as defined in section 25A(f)(2)),
                    ``(B) seeking a degree at such institution in a 
                field of study closely related to the work performed 
                for the taxpayer, and
                    ``(C) supervised and evaluated by the taxpayer.
            ``(4) Controlled group.--All persons treated as a single 
        employer under subsection (a) or (b) of section 52 shall be 
        treated as a single employer for purposes of this section.
            ``(5) Related individuals ineligible.--Rules similar to the 
        rules of section 51(i)(1) shall apply for purposes of this 
        section.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 38(b) of such Code is amended by 
                striking ``plus'' at the end of paragraph (35), by 
                striking the period at the end of paragraph (36) and 
                inserting ``, plus'', and by adding at the end the 
                following new paragraph:
            ``(37) the intern wage credit under section 45S(a).''.
                    (B) The table of sections for subpart D of part IV 
                of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by 
                adding at the end the following new item:

``Sec. 45S. Intern wage credit.''.
            (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3004. YOUTHBUILD PROGRAM.

    Section 171 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
U.S.C. 3226) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Carry-Over Authority.--Any amounts granted to an entity under 
this section for a fiscal year may, at the discretion of the entity, 
remain available for expenditure during the succeeding fiscal year to 
carry out programs under this section.''.

SEC. 3005. TAX CREDIT FOR PROVIDING PROGRAMS FOR STUDENTS THAT PROMOTE 
              ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL LITERACY.

    (a) In General.--Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to business-related 
credits), as amended by this Act, is amended by adding at the end the 
following new section:

``SEC. 45T. EXCELLENCE IN ECONOMIC EDUCATION.

    ``(a) General Rule.--In the case of an eligible for profit 
organization, for purposes of section 38, the excellence in economic 
education credit determined under this section for a taxable year is 50 
percent of the amount paid or incurred during the taxable year to carry 
out the purposes specified in section 5533(b) of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7267b(b)) (as such section 
was in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the Every 
Student Succeeds Act) pursuant to a qualified program.
    ``(b) Limitation on Number of Credit Recipients.--
            ``(1) In general.--The excellence in economic education 
        credit determined under this section for a taxable year may be 
        allowed to not more than 20 for profit organizations in 
        accordance with paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Credit award by secretary.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary (in consultation 
                with the Secretary of Education) shall determine which 
                for profit organizations are allowed the credit under 
                this section for a taxable year in such manner as the 
                Secretary determines appropriate.
                    ``(B) Majority of recipients must be mwosbs, owned 
                by veterans, or meet asset test.--In carrying out 
                subparagraph (A), the majority of the taxpayers allowed 
                a credit under paragraph (1) for a taxable year shall 
                be entities that are--
                            ``(i) either--
                                    ``(I) a socially and economically 
                                disadvantaged small business concern 
                                (as defined in section 8(a)(4)(A) of 
                                the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
                                637(a)(4)(A))),
                                    ``(II) a small business concern 
                                owned and controlled by women (as 
                                defined under section 3(n) of such Act 
                                (15 U.S.C. 632(n))), or
                                    ``(III) a small business concern 
                                (as used in section 3 of such Act (15 
                                U.S.C. 632)) that is at least 51 
                                percent owned by veterans (as defined 
                                in section 101(2) of title 38, United 
                                States Code), or
                            ``(ii) on the first day of the taxable year 
                        do not have more than $60,000,000,000 in 
                        assets.
                    ``(C) Priority.--In making determinations under 
                this paragraph, the Secretary shall give priority to 
                taxpayers that have qualified programs which serve 
                either urban or rural underserved areas (determined on 
                the basis of the most recent United States census data 
                available).
    ``(c) Limitations Relating to Expenditures.--
            ``(1) Direct activity.--Twenty-five percent of the amount 
        allowed as a credit under subsection (a) shall be for amounts 
        paid or incurred for direct activities as defined in section 
        5533(b)(1) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 7267b(b)(1))(as in effect on the day before the 
        date of enactment of the Every Student Succeeds Act).
            ``(2) Subgrants.--Seventy-five percent of the amount 
        allowed as a credit under subsection (a) shall be for amounts 
        paid or incurred for subgrants (as defined in section 
        5533(b)(2) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 7267b(b)(1)), as in effect on the day before 
        the date of enactment of the Every Student Succeeds Act), 
        determined by treating amounts so paid or incurred as funds 
        made available through a grant.
    ``(d) Definitions and Special Rules.--For purposes of this 
section--
            ``(1) Qualified program.--The term `qualified program' 
        means a program in writing under which an eligible for profit 
        organization awards one or more grants for the purpose of 
        carrying out the objectives of promoting economic and financial 
        literacy, as specified in section 5532 of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7267a), that meet 
        the requirements of section 5533 of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7267b), as such 
        sections are in effect on the day before the date of enactment 
        of the Every Student Succeeds Act.
            ``(2) Eligible for profit organization.--The term `eligible 
        for profit organization' means with respect to a taxable year, 
        an organization that--
                    ``(A) has a qualified program in effect for the 
                taxable year, and
                    ``(B) has been determined by the Secretary under 
                subsection (b)(2) to be an organization to whom the 
                credit is allowed for the taxable year.
            ``(3) Determination of assets.--For purposes of paragraph 
        (2)(B), in determining assets, the Secretary shall use the same 
        method used by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
        System to determine a bank holding company's consolidated 
        assets under section 165 of the Financial Stability Act of 2010 
        (12 U.S.C. 5365).
            ``(4) Election not to claim credit.--This section shall not 
        apply to a taxpayer for any taxable year if such taxpayer 
        elects to have this section not apply for such taxable year.
            ``(5) Coordination with other deductions or credits.--The 
        amount of any deduction or credit otherwise allowable under 
        this chapter for any amount taken into account for purposes of 
        subsection (a) shall be reduced by the credit allowed by this 
        section.
    ``(e) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such regulations or 
other guidance as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out this 
section.''.
    (b) Credit Made Part of General Business Credit.--Subsection (b) of 
section 38 of such Code, as amended by this Act, is amended by striking 
``plus'' at the end of paragraph (36), by striking the period at the 
end of paragraph (37) and inserting ``, plus'', and by adding at the 
end the following new paragraph:
            ``(38) the excellence in economic education credit 
        determined under section 45T(a).''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart D of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding 
at the end the following new item:

``Sec. 45T. Excellence in economic education.''.
    (d) Report.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of the Treasury (or the 
        Secretary's delegate) shall submit a report on--
                    (A) whether the credit for excellence in economic 
                education (as enacted by subsection (a) of this 
                section) has resulted in increased investment in 
                financial literacy programs; and
                    (B) recommendations (if any) for improving such 
                credit to make it more effective.
            (2) Submission to congress.--Not later than 5 years after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
        Treasury (or the Secretary's delegate) shall submit the report 
        required by paragraph (1) to the Secretary of Education, the 
        Committee on Education and the Workforce, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, 
        Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee on Banking, 
        Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on Finance of the 
        Senate.
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of 
this Act.

SEC. 3006. TEACHER RECRUITING.

    (a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to encourage 
individuals educated in science, technology, engineering, and 
mathematics to enter and continue in the teaching profession, with the 
goal of attracting 10,000 of America's brightest students to the 
teaching profession over the next 5 years.
    (b) Scholarships.--Title II of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1021 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating part C as part E;
            (2) by redesignating section 261 as section 281; and
            (3) by inserting after part B the following new part:

                  ``PART C--STEM TEACHER SCHOLARSHIPS

``SEC. 261. PROGRAM ESTABLISHED.

    ``The Secretary shall award scholarships, on a competitive basis 
and in accordance with this part, to students who are enrolled in 
studies leading to bachelor's degrees, with concurrent certification as 
kindergarten, elementary, and secondary school teachers, in science, 
technology, engineering, and mathematics, and who have agreed to 
perform qualified service.

``SEC. 262. SELECTION OF RECIPIENTS.

    ``(a) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary shall develop selection 
criteria that the Secretary will use to award scholarships, and to 
renew those awards, based on established measurements of merit 
available to secondary students who wish to pursue degrees in science, 
technology, engineering, and mathematics.
    ``(b) Applications.--Any student desiring to receive a scholarship 
under this part shall submit an application to the Secretary at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require.
    ``(c) Duration of Scholarships; Renewal.--Scholarships shall be 
awarded for only one academic year of study at a time, and shall be 
renewable on an annual basis for the established length of the 
recipient's academic program, not to exceed 6 academic years. The 
Secretary shall condition the renewal of scholarships on measures of 
academic progress and achievement.

``SEC. 263. QUALIFIED SERVICE REQUIREMENT.

    ``(a) Qualified Service Agreement.--Any student who receives a 
scholarship under this part shall enter into an agreement with the 
Secretary to complete no less than 5 academic years of qualified 
service during a 7-year period, to begin no later than 12 months 
following the completion of a bachelor's degree in science, technology, 
engineering, or mathematics.
    ``(b) Requirement Enforced.--The Secretary shall establish such 
requirements as the Secretary finds necessary to ensure that recipients 
of scholarships under this subsection who complete bachelor's degrees 
in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, with teacher 
certification, subsequently perform 5 academic years of qualified 
service during a 7-year period, or repay the portion of the scholarship 
received for which the recipient did not perform the required qualified 
service, as determined by the Secretary. The Secretary shall use any 
such repayments to carry out additional activities under this part.
    ``(c) Definition.--For the purpose of this section, the term 
`qualified service' means full-time employment at a public or private 
kindergarten, elementary school, or secondary school as a teacher of a 
course in a science, technology, engineering, or mathematics field.

``SEC. 264. AWARDS.

    ``(a) Scholarship Award.--The Secretary shall provide each 
recipient with a scholarship in the amount of up to $20,000 to pay for 
the cost of attendance of the student for each academic year the 
student is eligible to receive the scholarship. The Secretary shall 
transfer such funds to the institution of higher education at which the 
recipient is enrolled.
    ``(b) Bonus Award.--
            ``(1) Option for bonus award.--Any student who receives a 
        scholarship under this part may elect to enter into a bonus 
        agreement with the Secretary, in accordance with this 
        subsection, for any academic year during which the student 
        receives a scholarship under this part.
            ``(2) Bonus agreement.--A bonus agreement under paragraph 
        (1) shall provide that--
                    ``(A) the student shall perform one academic year 
                of the qualified service agreed to under section 263(a) 
                in a high-need local educational agency, as defined in 
                section 200; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary shall provide $10,000, in 
                addition to the amount the student receives under 
                subsection (a), for each academic year in which the 
                student enters into such bonus agreement.
            ``(3) Service requirement enforced.--The Secretary shall 
        establish such requirements as the Secretary finds necessary to 
        ensure that recipients of bonuses under this subsection fulfill 
        the qualified service requirement in a high-need local 
        educational agency, as defined in section 200, for a period of 
        time equivalent to the period for which the recipient receives 
        the bonus, or repays the portion of the bonus received for 
        which the recipient did not perform the required qualified 
        service in a high-need local educational agency, as determined 
        by the Secretary. The Secretary shall use any such repayments 
        to carry out additional activities under this subsection.
    ``(c) Maximum Award.--The maximum award any student may receive 
under this section for an academic year shall be the student's cost of 
attendance minus any grant aid such student receives from sources other 
than this section.

``SEC. 265. REGULATIONS.

    ``The Secretary is authorized to issue such regulations as may be 
necessary to carry out the provisions of this part.''.
    (c) Institutional Grants for Integrated Degree Programs.--Title II 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.) is further 
amended by inserting after part C, as added by subsection (b) of this 
section, the following new part:

                  ``PART D--INTEGRATED DEGREE PROGRAMS

``SEC. 271. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary is authorized to award grants to 
institutions of higher education, on a competitive basis, in order to 
pay for the Federal share of the cost of projects to establish, 
strengthen, and operate 4-year undergraduate degree programs through 
which students may concurrently--
            ``(1) earn a bachelor's degree in science, technology, 
        engineering, or mathematics; and
            ``(2) be certified to teach kindergarten, elementary, or 
        secondary school.
    ``(b) Grant Amount; Award Period.--The Secretary may award grants 
to no more than 50 institutions of higher education each fiscal year, 
and a grant to an institution for a fiscal year shall not exceed 
$1,000,000. Grants shall be awarded for only one fiscal year at a time, 
and shall be renewable on an annual basis for up to 5 years.

``SEC. 272. SELECTION OF GRANT RECIPIENTS.

    ``(a) Criteria.--The Secretary shall set criteria to evaluate the 
applications for grants under this part and the projects proposed to 
establish, strengthen, and operate 4-year integrated undergraduate 
degree programs.
    ``(b) Equitable Distribution of Grants.--To the extent practicable 
and consistent with the criteria under subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall make grants under this part in such manner as to achieve an 
equitable distribution of the grant funds throughout the United States, 
considering geographic distribution, rural and urban areas, and range 
and type of institutions.

``SEC. 273. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS.

    ``In order to receive a grant under this part, an institution of 
higher education shall submit an application to the Secretary at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require. Such application shall include the following:
            ``(1) A description of the proposed project.
            ``(2) A demonstration of--
                    ``(A) the commitment, including the financial 
                commitment, of the institution for the proposed 
                project; and
                    ``(B) the active support of the leadership of the 
                institution for the proposed project.
            ``(3) A description of how the proposed project will be 
        continued after Federal funds are no longer awarded under this 
        part for the project.
            ``(4) A plan for the evaluation of the project, which shall 
        include benchmarks to monitor progress toward specific project 
        objectives.

``SEC. 274. MATCHING REQUIREMENT.

    ``Each institution of higher education receiving a grant under this 
part shall provide, from non-Federal sources, an amount equal to the 
amount of the grant (in cash or in-kind) to carry out the project 
supported by the grant.

``SEC. 275. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$50,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2023.''.

SEC. 3007. RECIDIVISM REDUCTION WORKING GROUP.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established a working group, which 
shall consist of representatives of the heads of the Department of 
Justice, the Department of Labor, the Department of Housing and Urban 
Development, and the Department of Education. The working group shall 
identify and analyze practices to reduce recidivism. The Attorney 
General shall chair the group, which shall meet once each month for the 
first 3 months after the date of its establishment, and once every 3 
months thereafter.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, and 5 years thereafter, the working group established 
under subsection (a) shall submit to Congress and to the President a 
report which describes the recommendations of the working group for 
reducing recidivism.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $1,000,000 to the working group for each of fiscal years 
2018 through 2022 to carry out this subsection.

SEC. 3008. COMMENDABLE RELEASE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with the 
heads of the appropriate agencies, shall establish a program under 
which an individual who was convicted of a Federal offense which is 
classified as a felony, and who has successfully completed his or her 
sentence, may apply to receive benefits under the programs described in 
subsection (b). Any individual who has been convicted of a felony for 
which the maximum sentence is ten or more years of imprisonment, any 
crime of violence (as such term is defined in section 16 of title 18, 
United States Code), or any crime of reckless driving or of driving 
while intoxicated or under the influence of alcohol or of prohibited 
substances if such crime involves personal injury to another.
    (b) Programs Described.--The programs described in this subsection 
are the following:
            (1) TANF.--Assistance under a State program funded under 
        part A of title IV of the Social Security Act.
            (2) SNAP.--The supplemental nutrition assistance program 
        under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et 
        seq.).
            (3) Housing.--Any program of the Department of Housing and 
        Urban Development or the Department of Agriculture providing 
        housing or assistance for housing, including any program for 
        dwelling units, rental assistance, grants, loans, subsidies, 
        mortgage insurance, guarantees, or other financial assistance.

SEC. 3009. INCREASE IN WORK OPPORTUNITY TAX CREDIT FOR HIRING QUALIFIED 
              EX-FELONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 51(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by inserting ``or any individual who is a qualified ex-
felon'' after ``subsection (d)(3)(A)(ii)(I)''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply to individuals who begin work for the employer after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, in taxable years ending after such date.

SEC. 3010. ENTREPRENEURSHIP APPRENTICESHIPS.

    The Act of August 16, 1937 (commonly known as the ``National 
Apprenticeship Act''; 50 Stat. 664, chapter 663; 29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.), 
is amended by adding the end the following:

``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated $90,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021.''.

SEC. 3011. EXPANSION OF ELIGIBLE PROGRAMS.

    The Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) in section 481(b), by adding at the end the following:
    ``(5)(A) For purposes of parts D and E, the term `eligible program' 
includes a program of not less than 250 clock hours of instruction, 
offered during a minimum of 5 weeks of instruction that leads an 
industry-recognized credential.
    ``(B) In this paragraph, the term `industry-recognized credential' 
means an industry-recognized credential that--
            ``(i) is demonstrated to be of high quality by the 
        institution offering the program in the program participation 
        agreement under section 487;
            ``(ii) meets the current, as of the date of the 
        determination, or projected needs of a local or regional 
        workforce for recruitment, screening, hiring, retention, or 
        advancement purposes--
                    ``(I) as determined by the State in which the 
                program is located, in consultation with business 
                entities; or
                    ``(II) as demonstrated by the institution offering 
                the program leading to the credential; and
            ``(iii) is, where applicable, endorsed by a nationally 
        recognized trade association or organization representing a 
        significant part of the industry or sector.''; and
            (2) in section 487(a), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(30) In the case of an institution that offers a program 
        of not less than 250 clock hours of instruction, offered during 
        a minimum of 5 weeks of instruction that leads an industry-
        recognized credential, as provided under section 481(b)(5), the 
        institution will demonstrate to the Secretary that the 
        industry-recognized credential is of high quality.''.

SEC. 3012. MODEL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR CREDENTIALING 
              ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH WORKERS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in 
coordination with appropriate national professional organizations, 
Federal, State, local, and tribal governmental agencies, and private-
sector and nongovernmental entities, shall develop model standards and 
guidelines for credentialing environmental health workers.
    (b) Provision of Standards and Technical Assistance.--The Secretary 
of Health and Human Services shall provide to State, local, and tribal 
governments--
            (1) the model standards and guidelines developed under 
        subsection (a); and
            (2) technical assistance in credentialing environmental 
        health workers.

SEC. 3013. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT PLAN.

    (a) In General.--To ensure that activities and programs (including 
education, training, and payment programs) of the Department of Health 
and Human Services for developing the environmental health workforce 
meet national needs, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
develop a comprehensive and coordinated plan for such activities and 
programs that--
            (1) includes performance measures to more clearly determine 
        the extent to which such activities and programs are meeting 
        the Department's strategic goal of strengthening the 
        environmental health workforce;
            (2) identifies and communicates to stakeholders any gaps 
        between existing activities and programs and future 
        environmental health workforce needs identified in workforce 
        projections of the Health Resources and Services 
        Administration;
            (3) identifies actions needed to address such identified 
        gaps; and
            (4) identifies any additional statutory authority that is 
        needed by the Department to implement such identified actions.
    (b) Submission to Congress.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services 
shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
of the Senate, and to the Committees on Energy and Commerce and 
Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives, the plan 
developed under subsection (a).

SEC. 3014. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT REPORT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall examine 
and identify best practices in 6 States (as described in subsection 
(b)) related to training and credentialing requirements for 
environmental health workers and submit to the Committee on Health, 
Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on 
Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report that 
includes information concerning--
            (1) types of environmental health workers employed at 
        State, local, and city health departments and independent 
        environmental health agencies;
            (2) educational backgrounds of environmental health 
        workers;
            (3) whether environmental health workers are credentialed 
        or registered, and what type of credential or registration each 
        worker has received;
            (4) State requirements for continuing education for 
        environmental health workers;
            (5) whether State, local, and city health departments and 
        independent environmental health agencies track continuing 
        education units for their environmental health workers; and
            (6) how frequently any exam required to qualify 
        environmental health workers is updated and reviewed to ensure 
        that the exam is consistent with current law.
    (b) Selection of States.--The report described in subsection (a) 
shall be based upon the examination of such best practices with respect 
to 3 States that have credentialing requirements for environmental 
health workers and 3 States that do not have such requirements.

SEC. 3015. PUBLIC SERVICE LOAN FORGIVENESS.

    Section 455(m) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1087e(m)) is amended in paragraph (3)(B)--
            (1) in clause (i), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) a full-time job as an environmental 
                        health worker (as defined in section 7 of the 
                        Environmental Health Workforce Act of 2017) who 
                        is accredited, certified, or licensed in 
                        accordance with applicable law.''.

SEC. 3016. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act, the terms ``environmental health worker'' and 
``environmental health workforce'' refer to public health workers who 
investigate and assess hazardous environmental agents in various 
environmental settings and develop, promote, and enforce guidelines, 
policies, and interventions to control such hazardous environmental 
agents.

SEC. 3017. GRANTS TO PREPARE GIRLS AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES.

    Title IV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 7101 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``PART G--PREPARING GIRLS AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES FOR THE 21ST 
                                CENTURY

``SEC. 4701. PROGRAM AUTHORITY.

    ``(a) In General.--From funds provided under section 4702, the 
Secretary is authorized to provide grants to local educational agencies 
on behalf of elementary and secondary schools to establish and 
implement a program to encourage the ongoing development of programs 
and curriculum for girls and underrepresented minorities in science, 
mathematics, engineering, and technology and to prepare girls and 
underrepresented minorities to pursue undergraduate and graduate 
degrees and careers in science, mathematics, engineering, or 
technology.
    ``(b) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant, or 
        enter into a contract or cooperative agreement, under this 
        part, a local educational agency shall submit an application to 
        the Secretary at such time, in such form, and containing such 
        information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
            ``(2) Contents.--The application shall contain, at a 
        minimum, the following:
                    ``(A) A program description, including the content 
                of the program and the research and models used to 
                design the program.
                    ``(B) A description of the collaboration between 
                elementary and secondary schools to fulfill goals of 
                the program and how the applicant will ensure that 
                there is a comprehensive plan to improve science, 
                mathematics, engineering, and technology education for 
                girls and underrepresented minorities in grades 
                kindergarten through 12.
                    ``(C) A description of the process for recruitment 
                and selection of participants.
                    ``(D) A description of the planned instructional 
                and motivational activities.
                    ``(E) A description of any collaboration among 
                local, regional, or national institutions and 
                organizations that will occur in order to fulfill the 
                goals of the program.
            ``(3) Priority.--In selecting among applications, the 
        Secretary shall give priority to applicants that partner or 
        coordinate, to the extent possible, with local, regional, or 
        national institutions and organizations who have extensive 
        experience, expertise and research on increasing the 
        participation of girls or underrepresented minorities in 
        science, mathematics, engineering and technology.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--Funds provided under this section shall be 
used for the following:
            ``(1) Preparing girls and underrepresented minorities with 
        careers in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology, 
        and the advantages of pursuing careers in these areas.
            ``(2) Educating the parents of girls and underrepresented 
        minorities about the opportunities and advantages of science, 
        mathematics, engineering, and technology careers.
            ``(3) Enlisting the help of the parents of girls and 
        underrepresented minorities in overcoming the obstacles these 
        groups face and encouraging their child's continued interest 
        and involvement in science, mathematics, engineering, and 
        technology.
            ``(4) Providing tutoring and mentoring programs in science, 
        mathematics, engineering, and technology.
            ``(5) Establishing partnerships and other opportunities 
        that expose girls and underrepresented minorities to role 
        models in the fields of science, mathematics, engineering and 
        technology.
            ``(6) Enabling female and underrepresented minority 
        students and their teachers to attend events and academic 
        programs in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology.
            ``(7) Providing after-school activities designed to 
        encourage interest, and develop skills of girls and 
        underrepresented minorities, in science, mathematics, 
        engineering, and technology.
            ``(8) Summer programs designed in order that girls and 
        underrepresented minorities develop an interest in, develop 
        skills in, and understand the relevance and significance of, 
        science, mathematics, engineering, and technology.
            ``(9) Purchasing--
                    ``(A) educational instructional materials or 
                software designed to encourage interest of girls and 
                underrepresented minorities in science, mathematics, 
                engineering, and technology; or
                    ``(B) equipment, instrumentation, or hardware used 
                for teaching and to encourage interest of girls and 
                underrepresented minorities in science, mathematics, 
                engineering, and technology.
            ``(10) Field trips to locations, including institutions of 
        higher education, to educate and encourage girls' and 
        underrepresented minorities' interest in science, mathematics, 
        engineering, and technology and acquaint them with careers in 
        these fields.
            ``(11) Providing academic advice and assistance in high 
        school course selection that encourages girls and 
        underrepresented minorities to take advanced courses in areas 
        of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
            ``(12) Paying up to 50 percent of the cost of an internship 
        in science, mathematics, engineering, or technology for female 
        and underrepresented minority students.
            ``(13) Providing professional development for teachers and 
        other school personnel, including--
                    ``(A) how to eliminate gender and racial bias in 
                the classroom;
                    ``(B) how to be sensitive to gender and racial 
                differences;
                    ``(C) how to engage students in the face of gender-
                based and racial peer pressure and parental 
                expectations;
                    ``(D) how to create and maintain a positive 
                environment; and
                    ``(E) how to encourage girls and underserved 
                minorities through academic advice and assistance to 
                pursue advanced classes and careers in science, 
                mathematics, engineering, and technology fields.
    ``(d) Supplement, Not Supplant.--The Secretary shall require each 
local educational agency to use the assistance provided under this 
section only to supplement, and not to supplant, any other assistance 
or funds made available from non-Federal sources for the activities 
assisted under this section.
    ``(e) Evaluations.--Each local educational agency that receives 
funds under this section shall provide the Secretary, at the conclusion 
of every school year during which the funds are received, with an 
evaluation, in a form prescribed by the Secretary. This evaluation 
shall include--
            ``(1) a description of the programs and activities 
        conducted by the local educational agency using the funds;
            ``(2) data on curriculum and partnerships developed using 
        the funds;
            ``(3) data on the amount of time spent on subjects allowed 
        for under the grant; and
            ``(4) such other information as may be required by the 
        Secretary.

``SEC. 4702. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$5,000,000 for fiscal year 2018 and such sums as may be necessary for 
each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years.''.

SEC. 3018. GAO STUDY.

    (a) Study Required.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and every year thereafter, the Comptroller 
General of the United States shall conduct a study of Federal agencies 
to determine which agencies have the greatest impact on women's 
participation in the workforce, and evaluate the impact of these 
agencies.
    (b) Suggested Agencies.--Such agencies shall include, at a 
minimum--
            (1) the Department of Labor, specifically the Women's 
        Bureau at such Department;
            (2) the Department of Transportation;
            (3) the Small Business Administration, including the Office 
        of Women's Business Ownership; and
            (4) any apprenticeship program that receives funding from a 
        Federal agency.

SEC. 3019. CONTENTS OF STUDY.

    (a) In General.--The study required by section 2 shall review and 
evaluate the following factors, for those agencies that the Comptroller 
General has identified as having the greatest impact on women's 
participation in the workforce, including the following:
            (1) Policies and procedures.--The study shall examine--
                    (A) each agency's policies and procedures related 
                to improving women's participation in the workforce, 
                including efforts related to fair compensation, 
                benefits, such as paid leave and workplace supports for 
                pregnancy and families, participation in non-
                traditional and higher-paying jobs, enforcement of 
                workplace rights, and prevention of sexual and other 
                harassment;
                    (B) each agency's compliance with its statutory and 
                regulatory requirements on these matters;
                    (C) any policy changes in the agency within the 
                study period, and the reasoning for such changes; and
                    (D) any procedural changes to the agency's 
                reporting and participation within the agency.
            (2) Impact.--The study shall also examine--
                    (A) the number of women who received technical 
                assistance, grants, loans, contracts, and other 
                services from the agency in each fiscal year, and the 
                number of such individuals who received these services 
                in the prior five fiscal years;
                    (B) the number of organizations who received such 
                outreach, services, and other engagement with the 
                agency;
                    (C) the extent of the agency's outreach and public 
                education efforts for women, including the publication 
                of reports and statistics, public announcement of 
                enforcement actions, and regional outreach engaging 
                local stakeholders;
            (3) Appropriations and staff.--The study shall consider--
                    (A) any reductions to appropriations and 
                obligations for each agency and the actual and 
                projected impact of these reductions; and
                    (B) any staff reductions in each agency, including 
                attrition, vacancies, and positions eliminated and the 
                impact of these changes.
    (b) Analysis.--The study shall also include an analysis of the 
specific barriers to women's participation in the workforce, including 
an assessment of further opportunities to reduce those barriers.

SEC. 3020. REPORT.

    A report containing the results of the study and analysis shall be 
transmitted annually to the Committees on Oversight and Government 
Reform and Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives 
and the Committees on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate.

SEC. 3021. GRANTS TO UNITS OF GENERAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT.

    Subtitle D of title I of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity 
Act (29 U.S.C. 3221 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 172 the 
following:

``SEC. 173. PILOT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Program Authorized.--Notwithstanding section 181(e), from the 
amounts appropriated under subsection (h), the Secretary shall carry 
out a 2-year pilot program to award grants, on a competitive basis, to 
units of general local government or community-based organizations to 
retain, employ, or train employees providing a public service for a 
unit of general local government.
    ``(b) Unit of General Local Government Defined.--For purposes of 
this section, the term `unit of general local government' means any 
general purpose political subdivision of a State, or the United States 
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern 
Mariana Islands, the freely associated states of the Republic of the 
Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic 
of Palau, that has the power to levy taxes and spend funds, as well as 
general corporate and police powers.
    ``(c) Uses of Funds.--
            ``(1) Required uses.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), a 
                unit of general local government or community-based 
                organization shall use not less than 50 percent of the 
                grant funds received under this section to--
                            ``(i) in the case of a unit, retain 
                        employees of such unit who are providing a 
                        public service for the unit and who would 
                        otherwise be laid off as a consequence of 
                        budget cuts; and
                            ``(ii) in the case of an organization, 
                        retain employees of the organization who are 
                        providing a public service for the unit in 
                        which the organization is located and who would 
                        otherwise be laid off as a consequence of 
                        budget cuts.
                    ``(B) Exception.--In a case in which 50 percent of 
                a grant amount received under this section would exceed 
                the amount needed for a unit or organization to retain 
                the employees described in subparagraph (A), the unit 
                or organization may use only the amount needed to 
                retain such employees for such purpose.
            ``(2) Authorized uses.--After using grant funds received 
        under this section in accordance with paragraph (1), a unit of 
        general local government or community-based organization may 
        use any remaining grant funds provided under this section to--
                    ``(A) in the case of a unit of general local 
                government--
                            ``(i) employ individuals in new positions 
                        providing a public service for the unit; or
                            ``(ii) train individuals for new public 
                        service positions for the unit; and
                    ``(B) in the case of a community-based 
                organization--
                            ``(i) employ individuals in new positions 
                        that would provide a public service for the 
                        unit in which the organization is located or 
                        services in the private sector; or
                            ``(ii) train individuals for any such 
                        positions.
    ``(d) Priority for Certain Individuals.--The Secretary shall 
encourage each unit of general local government and each community-
based organization receiving a grant under this section to use such 
grant funds to retain, employ, or train--
            ``(1) veterans;
            ``(2) individuals with disabilities;
            ``(3) individuals who are receiving unemployment benefits; 
        or
            ``(4) dislocated workers.
    ``(e) Priority for Certain Units and Organizations.--
            ``(1) Units.--In awarding grants to units of general local 
        government under this section, the Secretary shall give 
        priority to units of general local government with high 
        unemployment, foreclosure, and poverty rates as compared to 
        other units of general local government applying to receive a 
        grant under this section.
            ``(2) Organizations.--In awarding grants to units of 
        general local government under this section, the Secretary 
        shall give priority to community-based organizations located in 
        units of general local government with high unemployment, 
        foreclosure, and poverty rates as compared to other units of 
        general local government applying to receive a grant under this 
        section.
    ``(f) Application.--Each unit of general local government or 
community-based organization desiring to receive a grant under this 
section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in 
such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may 
require.
    ``(g) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the first appropriation 
of funds under subsection (h), the Secretary shall submit to Congress, 
a report on--
            ``(1) the number and percentage of individuals hired or 
        trained, and the number and percentage of employees of units 
        retained, as a result of a grant under this section; and
            ``(2) best practices in carrying out a grant program to 
        hire, train, or retain employees of units of general local 
        government.
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $1,000,000,000 to carry out this section for fiscal years 
2018 and 2019.''.

SEC. 3022. BACK TO BASICS JOB CREATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    Subtitle A of title XX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 2010. BACK TO BASICS JOB CREATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Commerce, shall make 
        grants to eligible entities to assist low-income individuals 
        and individuals who have been unemployed for at least 3 months 
        in developing self-employment opportunities.
            ``(2) Timing of grant awards.--Not later than 90 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
        obligate not less than half of any funds appropriated for 
        grants under this section.
            ``(3) Preference.--In awarding grants under this section, 
        the Secretary shall give preference to eligible entities--
                    ``(A) that serve communities that have experienced 
                high levels of poverty and unemployment and low levels 
                of reemployment, as determined by the Secretary using 
                data reported by the Census Bureau and the Bureau of 
                Labor Statistics;
                    ``(B) that demonstrate an ability to administer 
                activities using the grant funds without acquiring new 
                administrative structures or resources, such as 
                staffing, technology, evaluation activities, training, 
                research, and programming; and
                    ``(C) that have established partnerships with other 
                government agencies, community based organizations, 
                financial institutions, educational institutions, or 
                business organizations.
    ``(b) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity awarded a grant under 
        this section shall use the grant--
                    ``(A) to provide education and training for 
                business and financial literacy, certification, small 
                business plan development, entrepreneurship, and patent 
                and copyright processes; and
                    ``(B) to provide funding for new small businesses 
                that pay employees at a living wage.
            ``(2) Limitations.--An eligible entity awarded a grant 
        under this section may not use the grant--
                    ``(A) to subsidize private or public employment; or
                    ``(B) for any activity in violation of Federal, 
                State, or local law.
            ``(3) Administrative expenses.--An eligible entity awarded 
        a grant under this section may use not more than 10 percent of 
        the grant funds for administrative expenses, except that none 
        of the funds may be used for salaries.
            ``(4) Deadline on use of grant funds.--An eligible entity 
        awarded a grant under this section shall expend the grant funds 
        before December 31, 2019, except that the Secretary may provide 
        an extension.
    ``(c) No Effect on Means-Tested Benefits.--For purposes of 
determining eligibility and benefit amounts under any means-tested 
assistance program, any assistance funded by a grant under this section 
shall be disregarded.
    ``(d) Reporting Requirements.--The Secretary shall submit a report 
on the implementation of this section to the Committee on Ways and 
Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of 
the Senate whenever either committee shall so request.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated for grants under this section $5,000,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2018. The amounts appropriated under this section are authorized 
to remain available through December 31, 2018.
    ``(f) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) the term `eligible entity' means a State, an Indian 
        tribe, or a local government;
            ``(2) the term `Indian tribe' has the meaning given such 
        term by section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b); and
            ``(3) the term `means-tested assistance program' means a 
        benefit program for which eligibility is based on income.''.

SEC. 3023. GRANTS FOR PROVISION OF TRANSITION ASSISTANCE TO MEMBERS OF 
              THE ARMED FORCES RECENTLY SEPARATED FROM ACTIVE DUTY 
              SERVICE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall make 
grants to eligible organizations for the provision of transition 
assistance to members of the Armed Forces who are recently retired, 
separated, or discharged from the Armed Forces and spouses of such 
members.
    (b) Use of Funds.--The recipient of a grant under this section 
shall use the grant to provide to members of the Armed Forces and 
spouses described in subsection (a) resume assistance, interview 
training, job recruitment training, and related services leading 
directly to careers, as determined by the grant recipient.
    (c) Eligible Organizations.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
section, an organization shall submit to the Secretary an application 
containing such information and assurances as the Secretary may 
require.
    (d) Amount of Grant.--A grant under this section shall be in an 
amount that does not exceed 50 percent of the amount required by the 
organization to provide the services described in subsection (b).
    (e) Termination.--The authority to provide a grant under this 
section shall terminate on the date that is five years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out this section.

SEC. 3024. CREDIT FOR EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATING IN QUALIFIED 
              APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end 
the following new section:

``SEC. 45U. EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATING IN QUALIFIED APPRENTICESHIP 
              PROGRAMS.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of section 38, the apprenticeship 
credit determined under this section for the taxable year is an amount 
equal to the sum of the applicable credit amounts (as determined under 
subsection (b)) for each of the apprenticeship employees of the 
employer that exceeds the applicable apprenticeship level (as 
determined under subsection (e)) during such taxable year.
    ``(b) Applicable Credit Amount.--For purposes of subsection (a), 
the applicable credit amount for each apprenticeship employee for each 
taxable year is equal to--
            ``(1) in the case of an apprenticeship employee who has not 
        attained 25 years of age at the close of the taxable year, 
        $1,500, or
            ``(2) in the case of an apprenticeship employee who has 
        attained 25 years of age at the close of the taxable year, 
        $1,000.
    ``(c) Limitation on Number of Years Which Credit May Be Taken Into 
Account.--The apprenticeship credit shall not be allowed for more than 
2 taxable years with respect to any apprenticeship employee.
    ``(d) Apprenticeship Employee.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `apprenticeship employee' means 
        any employee who is--
                    ``(A) a party to an apprenticeship agreement 
                registered with--
                            ``(i) the Office of Apprenticeship of the 
                        Employment and Training Administration of the 
                        Department of Labor, or
                            ``(ii) a recognized State apprenticeship 
                        agency, and
                    ``(B) employed by the employer in the occupation 
                identified in the apprenticeship agreement described in 
                paragraph (1), whether or not the employer is a party 
                to such agreement.
            ``(2) Minimum completion rate for eligible apprenticeship 
        programs.--An employee shall not be treated as an 
        apprenticeship employee unless such apprenticeship agreement is 
        with an apprenticeship program that, for the two-year period 
        ending on the date of the apprenticeship begins, has a 
        completion rate of at least 50 percent.
    ``(e) Applicable Apprenticeship Level.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, the 
        applicable apprenticeship level shall be equal to--
                    ``(A) in the case of any apprenticeship employees 
                described in subsection (b)(1), the amount equal to 80 
                percent of the average number of such apprenticeship 
                employees of the employer for the 3 taxable years 
                preceding the taxable year for which the credit is 
                being determined, rounded to the next lower whole 
                number, and
                    ``(B) in the case of any apprenticeship employees 
                described in subsection (b)(2), the amount equal to 80 
                percent of the average number of such apprenticeship 
                employees of the employer for the 3 taxable years 
                preceding the taxable year for which the credit is 
                being determined, rounded to the next lower whole 
                number.
            ``(2) First year of new apprenticeship programs.--In the 
        case of an employer which did not have any apprenticeship 
        employees during any taxable year in the 3 taxable years 
        preceding the taxable year for which the credit is being 
        determined, the applicable apprenticeship level shall be equal 
        to zero.
    ``(f) Coordination With Other Credits.--The amount of credit 
otherwise allowable under sections 45A, 51(a), and 1396(a) with respect 
to any employee shall be reduced by the credit allowed by this section 
with respect to such employee.
    ``(g) Certain Rules To Apply.--Rules similar to the rules of 
subsections (i)(1) and (k) of section 51 shall apply for purposes of 
this section.''.
    (b) Credit Made Part of General Business Credit.--Subsection (b) of 
section 38 of such Code is amended by striking ``plus'' at the end of 
paragraph (37), by striking the period at the end of paragraph (38) and 
inserting ``, plus'', and by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
            ``(39) the apprenticeship credit determined under section 
        45U(a).''.
    (c) Denial of Double Benefit.--Subsection (a) of section 280C of 
such Code is amended by inserting ``45S(a),'' after ``45P(a),''.
    (d) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart D of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding 
at the end the following new item:

``Sec. 45U. Employees participating in qualified apprenticeship 
                            programs.''.
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to individuals commencing apprenticeship programs after the date 
of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3025. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The time between the early teens and mid-twenties 
        represents a critical developmental period in which individuals 
        can gain the education and training, entry-level work 
        experiences, work-readiness skills, and social networks needed 
        to smoothly transition into the labor market and build towards 
        future professional success.
            (2) Yet, nearly 5 million young people ages 16 to 24 are 
        out of school and unemployed, leaving them disconnected from 
        the systems and institutions critical for developing the 
        building blocks of independence and self-sufficiency.
            (3) Communities of color experience the highest rates of 
        youth disconnection: 25.4 percent of Native American youth, 
        18.9 percent of Black youth, and 14.3 percent of Latino youth 
        between the ages of 16 and 24 were disconnected from school and 
        work in 2015.
            (4) Disconnected youth are also three times more likely 
        than other youth to have a disability, twice as likely to live 
        below the Federal poverty threshold, and significantly more 
        likely to live in racially segregated neighborhoods. 
        Disconnected young women and girls are three times more likely 
        to have a child, and young people involved in the juvenile 
        justice system or aging out of the foster care system are at 
        high risk of disconnection.
            (5) Disconnection from school and work can have significant 
        consequences for youth, including decreased earning power and 
        fewer future employment opportunities. According to the 2012 
        report, ``The Economic Value of Opportunity Youth'', 
        disconnected youth will, on average, earn $392,070 less than 
        the average worker over their lifetimes.
            (6) Failure to successfully connect young people to 
        employment and educational opportunities also results in a 
        significant loss in productivity for the overall economy, as 
        well as increases in government spending. According to a recent 
        report from Measure of America, in 2013, youth disconnection 
        resulted in $26.8 billion in public expenditures, including 
        spending on health care, public assistance, and incarceration.
            (7) Disconnected young people, commonly referred to as 
        ``opportunity youth'' because of their tremendous potential, 
        can add great social and economic value to our communities and 
        the economy, if given the appropriate supports and resources. 
        According to the Opportunity Index, an annual measurement of 
        opportunity in a geographic region, the number of opportunity 
        youth, along with educational attainment and poverty rates, are 
        strongly linked to overall opportunity in communities. When 
        young adults do well, communities do well.
            (8) Despite their talent and motivation, many opportunity 
        youth lack access to the training, education, and entry-level 
        jobs that can help them gain the work experience and 
        credentials needed to successfully transition into the labor 
        market.
            (9) Lack of access to entry-level jobs can limit a young 
        adult's ability to accrue early work experience and demonstrate 
        productivity and work readiness to potential employers. Labor 
        market shifts have also limited opportunities for young people 
        without a high school diploma or with limited postsecondary 
        credentials. According to a 2013 report from the Georgetown 
        University Center on Education and the Workforce, by the year 
        2020, an estimated 65 percent of all U.S. jobs will require 
        postsecondary education and training.
            (10) Summer and year-round youth employment programs that 
        connect young people with entry-level jobs give youth the work 
        experience and opportunity for skill development needed to 
        transition into the labor market and prevent points of 
        disconnection, such as involvement in the criminal and juvenile 
        justice systems.
            (11) Evidence suggests that summer youth employment 
        programs may help in-school youth remain connected to the 
        education system. A 2014 study of the New York City Summer 
        Youth Employment Program found that after program 
        participation, youth older than 16 increased their school 
        attendance by four or five additional days compared to their 
        previous fall semester attendance. This attendance increase 
        represented 25 percent of the total days students were 
        permitted to miss school and still continue on to the next 
        grade.
            (12) Evidence shows that participation in summer youth 
        employment programs also reduces the rate of violent crimes 
        arrests. For example, a 2014 study of Chicago's One Summer Plus 
        program shows that the program reduced violent crime arrests 
        among at-risk youth by approximately 43 percent, with crime 
        reduction benefits lasting over a year after the program had 
        ended. This reduction can have significant impact for young 
        people, given the impact of a criminal record on future 
        employment prospects and wages.
            (13) Despite its benefits, summer youth employment has 
        declined by more than 40 percent during the past 12 years, at a 
        loss of more than 3 million summer jobs for young Americans. A 
        J.P. Morgan Chase study of 14 major U.S. cities found that 
        summer youth employment programs were only able to provide 
        opportunities for 46 percent of applicants in 2014.
            (14) According to research by Measure of America, the 
        overwhelming number of youth disconnected from school and work 
        come from disconnected communities marked by high adult 
        unemployment, poverty, and racial segregation, as well as low 
        levels of adult education attainment. These communities often 
        lack the resources and supports needed to prevent and reverse 
        youth disconnection.
            (15) Many at-risk or opportunity youth, finding that 
        traditional pathways to educational attainment or employment 
        are ill-matched to their individual needs, struggle to remain 
        connected or reconnect to school and work.
            (16) For some youth, individual barriers--such as unstable 
        housing, lack access to affordable child care or 
        transportation, or involvement in the juvenile or criminal 
        justice system--make it difficult to take advantage of existing 
        employment and education pathways.
            (17) According the 2016 report, ``Supportive Services in 
        Job Training and Education: A Research Review'', studies 
        suggest that education and training programs that offer 
        supportive services, such as child care, transportation, and 
        financial assistance, are associated with improved outcomes.
            (18) Community-based preventions and interventions can 
        address the distinct problems opportunity youth may face in the 
        local community and provide a connection to the education and 
        training, re-engagement, and supportive services needed to help 
        these young people succeed.
            (19) Previous Federal grant programs targeting communities 
        with high rates of poverty have been successful in building 
        such communities' capacity to improve labor market 
        participation and education attainment rates for young people.

SEC. 3026. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Labor--
            (1) $1,500,000,000 to carry out section 5;
            (2) $2,000,000,000 to carry out section 6; and
            (3) $2,000,000,000 to provide competitive grants in 
        accordance with section 7.

SEC. 3027. RESERVATION OF FUNDS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE AND OTHER PURPOSES.

    (a) Reservation of Funds.--The Secretary of Labor shall reserve--
            (1) not more than 5 percent of amounts available under each 
        of paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 3 for the costs of 
        innovation and learning activities under section 10;
            (2) not more than 5 percent of amounts available under each 
        of paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 3 for the costs of 
        Federal administration of this Act; and
            (3) not more than 2 percent of amounts available under each 
        of paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 3 for the costs of 
        evaluations conducted under section 11.
    (b) Period of Availability.--The amounts appropriated under this 
Act shall be available for obligation by the Secretary of Labor until 
the date that is 4 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3028. SUMMER EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR AT-RISK YOUTH.

    (a) In General.--Of the amounts available under section 3(1) that 
are not reserved under section 4, the Secretary of Labor shall, for the 
purpose of carrying out summer employment programs under this section--
            (1) make an allotment in accordance with section 
        127(b)(1)(C)(ii) of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity 
        Act (29 U.S.C. 3162(b)(1)(C)(ii)) to each State that meets the 
        requirements of section 102 or 103 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 3112, 
        3113);
            (2) reserve not more than one-quarter of 1 percent of such 
        amounts to provide assistance to the outlying areas; and
            (3) reserve not more than 1\1/2\ percent of such amount to, 
        on a competitive basis, make grants to, or enter into contracts 
        or cooperative agreements with, Indian tribes, tribal 
        organizations, Alaska Native entities, Indian-controlled 
        organizations serving Indians, or Native Hawaiian organizations 
        to carry out the activities described in subsection (d)(2).
    (b) Within State Allocations.--
            (1) In general.--The Governor of a State, in accordance 
        with the State plan developed under section 102 or 103 of the 
        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3112, 
        3113), shall allocate the amounts that are allotted to the 
        State under subsection (a)(1) to eligible local areas in 
        accordance with section 128(b)(2)(A) of the Workforce 
        Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3163(b)(2)(A)) for 
        the purpose of developing and expanding summer employment 
        programs under this section.
            (2) Supplement not supplant.--Funds made available for 
        summer youth employment programs under this section shall 
        supplement and not supplant other State or local public funds 
        expended for summer youth employment programs or other youth 
        activities funded under section 129 of the Workforce Innovation 
        and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3163).
            (3) Reallocation among local areas.--The Governor may, 
        after consultation with the State board, reallocate to eligible 
        local areas within the State amounts that are made available to 
        local areas from allocations made under this section and that 
        are available for reallocation in accordance with section 
        128(c)(2)-(4) of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act 
        (29 U.S.C. 3163(c)(2)-(4)).
            (4) Local reservation.--Of the amounts allocated to a local 
        area under paragraph (1), not more than 7 percent of such 
        amounts may be used for the administrative costs, including 
        costs for participating in regional and national opportunities 
        for in-person peer learning under section 10.
    (c) Local Plans.--
            (1) In general.--The local board of the local area shall 
        develop and submit, in partnership with the chief elected 
        official, a 4-year plan. The plan shall be consistent with the 
        local plan submitted by the local board under section 108 of 
        the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3123), 
        as determined by the Governor.
            (2) Submission.--The plan shall be submitted to the 
        Governor at such time and in such manner as the Governor may 
        reasonably require. A local area may develop and submit to the 
        Governor a local plan for programs under this section and a 
        local plan for programs under section 6 in lieu of submitting 
        two plans.
            (3) Contents.--At a minimum, each plan shall include--
                    (A) a description of how the local area will use 
                program funds, in accordance with subsection (d), to 
                develop or expand summer youth employment programs for 
                each program year;
                    (B) a description of how the local area will 
                recruit eligible youth into the program;
                    (C) the number of individuals expected to 
                participate in the summer employment program each 
                program year;
                    (D) a description of the services, including 
                supportive services, that the summer employment program 
                is expected to provide;
                    (E) reasonable goals for performance accountability 
                measures outlined in subsection (i);
                    (F) an assurance that the summer employment program 
                will be aligned with the youth services provided under 
                the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
                3101 et seq.);
                    (G) an assurance that the local area will adhere to 
                the labor standards outlined in section 8; and
                    (H) any other information as the Governor may 
                reasonably require.
    (d) Local Use of Funds.--
            (1) Youth participant eligibility.--To be eligible to 
        participate in activities carried out under this section during 
        any program year, an individual shall, at the time the 
        eligibility determination is made, be either an out-of-school 
        youth or an in-school youth.
            (2) Local activities.--
                    (A) Development activities.--A local area that has, 
                at the beginning of the program year, no summer youth 
                employment programs or programs that do not have all 
                program elements described in paragraph (3)(B) shall 
                use unreserved allotted funds to--
                            (i) plan, develop, and carry out activities 
                        described in paragraph (3)(B);
                            (ii) at the local area's discretion, 
                        develop technology infrastructure, including 
                        data and management systems, to support program 
                        activities;
                            (iii) conduct outreach to youth 
                        participants and employers; and
                            (iv) at the local area's discretion, use 
                        not more than 25 percent of allocated program 
                        funds to subsidize not more than 75 percent of 
                        the wages of each youth participant.
                    (B) Expansion activities.--A local area that has, 
                at the beginning of the program year, a summer youth 
                employment program that has all program elements 
                described in paragraph (3)(B) shall use unreserved 
                allotted funds to--
                            (i) increase the number of summer 
                        employment opportunities, including 
                        unsubsidized or partly subsidized opportunities 
                        and opportunities in the private sector;
                            (ii) conduct outreach to youth participants 
                        and employers;
                            (iii) use allocated program funds to 
                        subsidize not more than 50 percent of the wages 
                        of each youth participant; and
                            (iv) at the local area's discretion, 
                        enhance activities described in paragraph 
                        (3)(B).
            (3) Local elements.--
                    (A) Program design.--Programs funded under this 
                section shall match each youth participant with an 
                appropriate employer, based on factors including the 
                needs of the employer and the age, skill, and informed 
                aspirations of the youth participant, for a high-
                quality summer employment opportunity, which may not--
                            (i) be less than 4 weeks; and
                            (ii) pay less than the highest of the 
                        Federal, State, or local minimum wage.
                    (B) Program elements.--Program elements include--
                            (i) work-readiness training and educational 
                        programs to enhance the summer employment 
                        opportunity;
                            (ii) coaching and mentoring services for 
                        youth participants to enhance the summer 
                        employment opportunity and encourage program 
                        completion;
                            (iii) coaching and mentoring services for 
                        employers on how to successfully employ each 
                        youth participant in meaningful work;
                            (iv) career and college planning services;
                            (v) high-quality financial literacy 
                        education, including education on the use of 
                        credit and financing higher education, and 
                        access to safe and affordable banking accounts 
                        with consumer protections;
                            (vi) supportive services, or connection to 
                        existing supportive services, to enable 
                        participation in the program;
                            (vii) integration of services provided by 
                        the program with existing year-round employment 
                        programs, youth development programs, secondary 
                        school programs, youth services provided under 
                        the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act 
                        (29 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.), and skills training 
                        programs funded by the State or Federal 
                        Government;
                            (viii) referral of at least 30 percent of 
                        participants from or to providers of youth, 
                        adult, vocational rehabilitation services, and 
                        adult education and literacy services under the 
                        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
                        U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) or skills training 
                        programs funded by the State or Federal 
                        Government;
                            (ix) rigorous evaluation of programs using 
                        research approaches appropriate to programs in 
                        different levels of development and maturity, 
                        including random assignment or quasi-
                        experimental impact evaluations, implementation 
                        evaluations, pre-experimental studies, and 
                        feasibility studies; and
                            (x) commitment and support from mayors or 
                        county executives.
                    (C) Priority.--Priority shall be given to summer 
                employment opportunities--
                            (i) in existing or emerging in-demand 
                        industry sectors or occupations; or
                            (ii) that meet community needs in the 
                        public, private, or nonprofit sector.
            (4) In-school youth priority.--For any program year, not 
        less than 75 percent of the unreserved funds allotted to local 
        area under this section shall be used to provide summer 
        employment opportunities for in-school youth.
    (e) Reports.--
            (1) In general.--For each year that a local area receives 
        funds under this section, the local area shall submit to the 
        Secretary of Labor and the Governor a report with--
                    (A) the number of youth participants in the 
                program, including the number of in-school and out-of-
                school youth;
                    (B) the number of youth participants who completed 
                the summer employment opportunity;
                    (C) the expenditures made from the amounts 
                allocated under this section, including expenditures 
                made to provide youth participants with supportive 
                services;
                    (D) a description of how the local area has used 
                program funds to develop or expand summer youth 
                employment programs, including a description of program 
                activities and services provided, including supportive 
                services provided and the number of youth participants 
                accessing such services;
                    (E) the source and amount of funding for the wages 
                of each youth participant;
                    (F) information specifying the levels of 
                performance achieved with respect to the primary 
                indicators of performance described in subsection (i) 
                for the program;
                    (G) the average number of hours and weeks worked 
                and the average amount of wages earned by youth 
                participants in the program;
                    (H) the percent of youth participants placed in 
                employment opportunities in the nonprofit, public, and 
                private sectors; and
                    (I) any other information that the Secretary of 
                Labor determines necessary to monitor the effectiveness 
                of the program.
            (2) Disaggregation.--The information required to be 
        reported pursuant to subparagraphs (A), (B), and (G) of 
        paragraph (1) shall be disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, 
        age, and subpopulations described in section 
        129(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VI) of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3164(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VI)).
    (f) Performance Accountability.--Primary indicators of performance 
shall be the performance metrics described in sections 
116(b)(2)(A)(i)(V) and 116(b)(2)(A)(ii)(I) of the Workforce Innovation 
and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3141(b)(2)(A)(i)(V), 
3141(b)(2)(A)(ii)(I)) and a work-readiness indicator established by the 
Secretary of Labor.
    (g) Technical Assistance for Local Area Failure To Meet Local 
Performance Accountability Measures.--If a local area fails to meet 
performance accountability goals established under local plans for any 
program year, the Governor, or, upon request by the Governor, the 
Secretary of Labor, shall provide technical assistance, which may 
include assistance in the development of a performance improvement 
plan.

SEC. 3029. YEAR-ROUND EMPLOYMENT FOR OPPORTUNITY YOUTH.

    (a) In General.--Of the amounts available under section 3(1) that 
are not reserved under section 4, the Secretary of Labor shall, for the 
purpose of carrying out year-round employment programs under this 
section--
            (1) make an allotment in accordance with section 
        127(b)(1)(C)(ii) of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity 
        Act (29 U.S.C. 3162(b)(1)(C)(ii)) to each State that meets the 
        requirements of section 102 or 103 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 3112, 
        3113); and
            (2) reserve not more than one-quarter of 1 percent of such 
        amounts to provide assistance to the outlying areas.
    (b) Within State Allocations.--
            (1) In general.--The Governor of a State, in accordance 
        with the State plan developed under section 102 or 103 of the 
        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3112, 
        3113), shall allocate the amounts that are allotted to the 
        State under subsection (a)(1) to eligible local areas in 
        accordance with section 128(b)(2)(A) of the Workforce 
        Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3163(b)(2)(A)) for 
        the purpose of developing and expanding year-round employment 
        programs under this section.
            (2) Supplement not supplant.--Funds made available for 
        year-round youth employment programs under this section shall 
        supplement and not supplant other State or local public funds 
        expended for year-round youth employment programs or other 
        youth activities funded under section 129 of the Workforce 
        Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3163).
            (3) Reallocation among local areas.--The Governor may, 
        after consultation with the State board, reallocate to eligible 
        local areas within the State amounts that are made available to 
        local areas from allocations made under this section and that 
        are available for reallocation in accordance with section 
        128(c)(2)-(4) of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act 
        (29 U.S.C. 3163(c)(2)-(4)).
            (4) Local reservation.--Of the amounts allocated to a local 
        area under paragraph (1), not more than 7 percent of such 
        amounts may be used for the administrative costs, including 
        costs for participating regional and national opportunities for 
        in-person peer learning under section 10.
    (c) Local Plans.--
            (1) In general.--The local board of the local area shall 
        develop and submit, in partnership with the chief elected 
        official, a 4-year plan. The plan shall be consistent with the 
        local plan submitted by the local board under section 108 of 
        the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3123), 
        as determined by the Governor.
            (2) Submission.--The plan shall be submitted to the 
        Governor at such time and in such manner as the Governor may 
        reasonably require. A local area may develop and submit to the 
        Governor a local plan for programs under this section and a 
        local plan for programs under section 5 in lieu of submitting 
        two plans.
            (3) Contents.--At a minimum, each plan shall include--
                    (A) a description of how the local area will use 
                program funds, in accordance with subsection (d), to 
                develop or expand year-round youth employment programs 
                for each program year;
                    (B) a description of how the local area will 
                recruit eligible youth into the program;
                    (C) the number of individuals expected to 
                participate in the year-round employment program each 
                program year;
                    (D) a description of the services, including 
                supportive services, that the year-round employment 
                program is expected to provide;
                    (E) reasonable goals for performance accountability 
                measures outlined in subsection (i);
                    (F) an assurance that the year-round employment 
                program will be aligned with the youth services 
                provided under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity 
                Act (29 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.);
                    (G) an assurance that the local area will adhere to 
                the labor standards outlined in section 8; and
                    (H) any other information as the Governor may 
                reasonably require.
    (d) Local Use of Funds.--
            (1) Youth participant eligibility.--To be eligible to 
        participate in activities carried out under this section during 
        any program year, an individual shall, at the time the 
        eligibility determination is made be an out-of-school youth and 
        unemployed individual.
            (2) Local activities.--
                    (A) Development activities.--A local area that has, 
                at the beginning of the program year, no year-round 
                youth employment programs or programs that do not have 
                all program elements described in paragraph (3)(B) 
                shall use unreserved allotted funds to--
                            (i) plan, develop, and carry out activities 
                        described in paragraph (3)(B);
                            (ii) at the local area's discretion, 
                        develop technology infrastructure, including 
                        data and management systems, to support program 
                        activities;
                            (iii) conduct outreach to youth 
                        participants and employers; and
                            (iv) at the local area's discretion, use 
                        not more than 30 percent of allocated program 
                        funds to subsidize the wages of each youth 
                        participant.
                    (B) Expansion activities.--A local area that has at 
                the beginning of the program year, a year-round youth 
                employment program that has all program elements 
                described in paragraph (3)(B) shall use unreserved 
                allotted funds to--
                            (i) increase the number of year-round 
                        employment opportunities, including 
                        unsubsidized or partly subsidized opportunities 
                        and opportunities in the private sector;
                            (ii) conduct outreach to youth participants 
                        and employers;
                            (iii) use allocated program funds to 
                        subsidize wages of each youth participant; and
                            (iv) at the local area's discretion, 
                        enhance activities described in paragraph 
                        (3)(B).
            (3) Local elements.--
                    (A) Program design.--
                            (i) In general.--Programs funded under this 
                        section shall match each youth participant with 
                        an appropriate employer, based on factors 
                        including the needs of the employer and the 
                        age, skill, and informed aspirations of the 
                        youth participant, for high-quality year-round 
                        employment, which may not--
                                    (I) be less than 180 days and more 
                                than 1 year;
                                    (II) pay less than the highest of 
                                the Federal, State, or local minimum 
                                wage; and
                                    (III) employ the youth participant 
                                for less than 20 hours per week.
                            (ii) Employer share of wages.--Programs 
                        funded under this section shall require not 
                        less than 25 percent of the wages of each youth 
                        participant to be paid by the employer, except 
                        this requirement may be waived for not more 
                        than 10 percent of youth participants with 
                        significant barriers to employment.
                    (B) Program elements.--Program elements include--
                            (i) work-readiness training and educational 
                        programs to enhance year-round employment;
                            (ii) coaching and mentoring services for 
                        youth participants to enhance the year-round 
                        employment opportunity and encourage program 
                        completion;
                            (iii) coaching and mentoring services for 
                        employers on how to successfully employ each 
                        youth participant in meaningful work;
                            (iv) career and college planning services;
                            (v) high-quality financial literacy 
                        education, including education on the use of 
                        credit and financing higher education, and 
                        access to safe and affordable banking accounts 
                        with consumer protections;
                            (vi) supportive services, or connection to 
                        existing supportive services, to enable 
                        participation in the program;
                            (vii) integration of services provided by 
                        the program with existing youth development 
                        programs, secondary school programs, youth 
                        services provided under the Workforce 
                        Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3101 
                        et seq.), and skills training programs funded 
                        by the State or Federal Government;
                            (viii) referral of at least 30 percent of 
                        participants from or to providers of youth, 
                        adult, vocational rehabilitation services, and 
                        adult education and literacy services under the 
                        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
                        U.S.C. 3101 et seq.), or skills training 
                        programs funded by the State or Federal 
                        Government;
                            (ix) rigorous evaluation of programs using 
                        research approaches appropriate to programs in 
                        different levels of development and maturity, 
                        including random assignment or quasi-
                        experimental impact evaluations, implementation 
                        evaluations, pre-experimental studies, and 
                        feasibility studies; and
                            (x) commitment and support from mayors or 
                        county executives.
                    (C) Priority.--Priority shall be given to year-
                round employment opportunities--
                            (i) in existing or emerging in-demand 
                        industry sectors or occupations; or
                            (ii) that meet community needs in the 
                        public, private, or nonprofit sector.
    (e) Reports.--
            (1) In general.--For each year that a local area receives 
        funds under this section, the local area shall submit to the 
        Secretary of Labor and the Governor a report with--
                    (A) the number of youth participants in the 
                program;
                    (B) the number of youth participants who completed 
                the year-round employment opportunity;
                    (C) the expenditures made from the amounts 
                allocated under this section, including expenditures 
                made to provide youth participants with supportive 
                services;
                    (D) a description of how the local area has used 
                program funds to develop or expand year-round youth 
                employment programs, including a description of program 
                activities and services provided, including supportive 
                services provided and the number of youth participants 
                accessing such services;
                    (E) the source and amount of funding for the wages 
                of each youth participant;
                    (F) information specifying the levels of 
                performance achieved with respect to the primary 
                indicators of performance described in subsection (f) 
                for the program;
                    (G) the average number of hours and weeks worked 
                and the average amount of wages earned by youth 
                participants in the program;
                    (H) the percent of youth participants placed in 
                employment opportunities in the nonprofit, public, and 
                private sectors;
                    (I) the number of youth participants who are asked 
                to remain after the end of the year-round employment 
                and the number of youth participants actually retained 
                for not less than 90 days; and
                    (J) any other information that the Secretary of 
                Labor determines necessary to monitor the effectiveness 
                of the program.
            (2) Disaggregation.--The information required to be 
        reported pursuant to subparagraphs (A), (B), and (G) of 
        paragraph (1) shall be disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, 
        age, and subpopulations described in section 
        129(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VI) of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3164(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VI)).
    (f) Performance Accountability.--Primary indicators of performance 
shall be the performance metrics described in sections 
116(b)(2)(A)(i)(III), 116(b)(2)(A)(i)(V), and 116(b)(2)(A)(ii)(I)-(II) 
of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
3141(b)(2)(A)(i)(III), 3141(b)(2)(A)(i)(V), 3141(b)(2)(A)(ii)(I)-(II)) 
and a work-readiness indicator established by the Secretary of Labor.
    (g) Technical Assistance for Local Area Failure To Meet Local 
Performance Accountability Measures.--If a local area fails to meet 
performance accountability goals established under local plans for any 
program year, the Governor, or upon request by the Governor, the 
Secretary of Labor, shall provide technical assistance, which may 
include assistance in the development of a performance improvement 
plan.

SEC. 3030. CONNECTING-FOR-OPPORTUNITIES COMPETITIVE GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Of the amounts available under section 3(3) that 
are not reserved under section 4, the Secretary of Labor shall, in 
consultation with the Secretary of Education, award grants on a 
competitive basis to assist local community partnerships in improving 
high school graduation and youth employment rates.
    (b) Local Community Partnerships.--
            (1) Mandatory partners.--A local community partnership 
        shall include at a minimum--
                    (A) one unit of general local government;
                    (B) one local educational agency;
                    (C) one institution of higher education;
                    (D) one local workforce development board;
                    (E) one community-based organization with 
                experience or expertise in working with youth;
                    (F) one public agency serving youth under the 
                jurisdiction of the juvenile justice system or criminal 
                justice system;
                    (G) a State or local child welfare agency; and
                    (H) an agency administering programs under part A 
                of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 
                et seq.).
            (2) Optional partners.--A local community partnership may 
        also include within the partnership--
                    (A) American Job Centers;
                    (B) employers or employer associations;
                    (C) representatives of labor organizations;
                    (D) programs that receive funding under the 
                Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (42 
                U.S.C. 5601 et seq.);
                    (E) public agencies or community-based 
                organizations with expertise in providing counseling 
                services, including trauma-informed and gender-
                responsive counseling;
                    (F) public housing agencies, collaborative 
                applicants, as defined by the McKinney-Vento Homeless 
                Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11301 et seq.), or private 
                nonprofit organizations that serve homeless youth and 
                households or foster youth; and
                    (G) other appropriate State and local agencies.
    (c) Application.--A local community partnership desiring a grant 
under this section shall submit to the Secretary of Labor an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Secretary may reasonably require. At a minimum, each 
application shall include a comprehensive plan that--
            (1) demonstrates sufficient need for the grant in the local 
        population (indicators of need may include high rates of high 
        school dropouts and youth unemployment and a high percentage or 
        number of low-income individuals in the local population);
            (2) demonstrates the capacity of each local community 
        partnership to carry out the activities described in subsection 
        (d);
            (3) is consistent with the local plan submitted by the 
        local board under section 108 of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3123), the local plan for career and 
        technical education programs authorized under the Carl D. 
        Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 
        2301 et seq.) (if not part of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act local plan) and the State plan for programs 
        under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
        601 et seq.); and
            (4) includes an assurance that the local community 
        partnership will adhere to the labor standards outlined in 
        section 8.
    (d) Use of Funds.--A local community partnership receiving a grant 
under this section shall use the grant funds--
            (1) to target individuals not younger than age 14 or older 
        than age 24;
            (2) to make appropriate use of existing education, child 
        welfare, social services, and workforce development data 
        collection systems to facilitate the local community 
        partnership's ability to target the individuals described in 
        paragraph (1);
            (3) to develop wide-ranging paths to higher education and 
        employment, including--
                    (A) using not less than 50 percent of the grant 
                funds to help individuals described in paragraph (1) 
                complete their secondary school education through 
                various alternative means, including through high-
                quality, flexible programs that utilize evidence-based 
                interventions and provide differentiated services (or 
                pathways) to students returning to education after 
                exiting secondary school without a regular high school 
                diploma or who, based on their grade or age, are 
                significantly off track to accumulate sufficient 
                academic credits to meet high school graduation 
                requirements, as established by the State;
                    (B) creating career pathways focused on paid work-
                based learning consisting of on-the-job training and 
                classroom instruction that will lead to credential 
                attainment and prioritize connections to registered 
                apprenticeship programs and pre-apprenticeship 
                programs;
                    (C) providing career navigators to provide 
                individuals described in paragraph (1) with pre-
                employment and employment counseling and to assist such 
                individuals in--
                            (i) finding and securing employment or 
                        work-based learning opportunities that pay not 
                        less than the highest of the Federal, State, or 
                        local minimum wage;
                            (ii) identifying and assessing eligibility 
                        for training programs and funding for such 
                        programs;
                            (iii) completing necessary paperwork; and
                            (iv) identifying additional services, if 
                        needed;
                    (D) connecting individuals described in paragraph 
                (1) with providers of youth services, adult services, 
                vocational rehabilitation services, and adult education 
                and literacy services, under the Workforce Innovation 
                and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.), career 
                planning services, and federally and State funded 
                programs that provide skills training; and
                    (E) ensuring that such individuals successfully 
                transition into pre-apprenticeship programs, registered 
                apprenticeship programs, or programs leading to 
                recognized postsecondary credentials in in-demand 
                industry sectors or occupations;
            (4) to provide a comprehensive system aimed at preventing 
        the individuals described in paragraph (1) from disconnecting 
        from education, training, and employment and aimed at re-
        engaging any such individual who has been disconnected by--
                    (A) providing school-based dropout prevention and 
                community-based dropout recovery services, including 
                establishing or improving school district early warning 
                systems that--
                            (i) connect such systems to existing data 
                        gathering and reporting systems established 
                        under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity 
                        Act (29 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) for the purpose of 
                        identifying the individuals described in 
                        paragraph (1); and
                            (ii) engage any such identified individual 
                        using targeted, evidence-based interventions to 
                        address the specific needs and issues of the 
                        individual, including chronic absenteeism; and
                    (B) providing the individuals described in 
                paragraph (1) with access to re-engagement services for 
                training programs and employment opportunities and 
                using providers of youth services under the Workforce 
                Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) 
                to conduct intake and refer such individuals and their 
                families to the appropriate re-engagement service; and
            (5) to provide a comprehensive system of support for the 
        individuals described in paragraph (1), including--
                    (A) connecting such individuals with professionals 
                who can--
                            (i) provide case management and counseling 
                        services; and
                            (ii) assist such individuals in--
                                    (I) developing achievable short-
                                term goals and long-term goals; and
                                    (II) overcoming any social, 
                                administrative, or financial barrier 
                                that may hinder the achievement of such 
                                goals; and
                    (B) providing or connecting participants with 
                available supportive services.
    (e) Priority in Awards.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
Secretary of Labor shall give priority to applications submitted by 
local community partnerships that include a comprehensive plan that--
            (1) serves and targets communities with a high percentage 
        or high numbers of low-income individuals and high rates of 
        high school dropouts and youth unemployment; and
            (2) allows the individuals described in paragraph (1) to 
        earn academic credit through various means, including high-
        quality career and technical education, dual enrollment 
        programs, or work-based learning.
    (f) Geographic Distribution.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
consideration is given to geographic distribution (such as urban and 
rural areas) in the awarding of grants under section.
    (g) Performance Accountability.--For activities funded under this 
section, the primary indicators of performance shall include--
            (1) the performance metrics described in sections 
        116(b)(2)(A)(i)(III)-(V) and 116(b)(2)(A)(ii)(I)-(II) of the 
        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3141(b)(2)(A)(i)(III)-(V), 3141 (b)(2)(A)(ii)(I)-(II));
            (2) the four-year adjusted cohort graduation rate and the 
        extended-year adjusted cohort graduation rate in a State that 
        chooses to use such a graduation rate, as defined in section 
        8101(25) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, 
        as amended; and
            (3) the rate of attaining a recognized equivalent of a 
        diploma, such as a general equivalency diploma.
    (h) Reports.--For each year that a local community partnership 
administers a program under this section, the local community 
partnership shall submit to the Secretary of Labor and, if applicable, 
the State a report on--
            (1) the number of youth participants in the program, 
        including the number of in-school and out-of-school youth, 
        disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, age, and subpopulations 
        described in section 129(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VII) of the 
        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3164(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VII));
            (2) the expenditures made from the amounts allocated under 
        this section, including any expenditures made to provide youth 
        participants with supportive services;
            (3) a description of program activities and services 
        provided, including supportive services provided and the number 
        of youth participants accessing such services;
            (4) information specifying the levels of performance 
        achieved with respect to the primary indicators of performance 
        described in subsection (f) for the program, disaggregated by 
        race, ethnicity, sex, age, and subpopulations described in 
        section 129(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VII) of the Workforce Innovation 
        and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3164(a)(1)(B)(iii)(I)-(VII)); 
        and
            (5) any other information that the Secretary of Labor 
        determines necessary to monitor the effectiveness of the 
        program.

SEC. 3031. LABOR STANDARDS.

    Activities funded under this Act shall be subject to the 
requirements and restrictions, including the labor standards, described 
in section 181 of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2931) 
and the nondiscrimination provisions of section 188 of such Act (29 
U.S.C. 2938), in addition to other applicable Federal laws.

SEC. 3032. PRIVACY.

    Nothing in this Act--
            (1) shall be construed to supersede the privacy protections 
        afforded parents and students under section 444 of the General 
        Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g); or
            (2) shall be construed to permit the development of a 
        national database of personally identifiable information on 
        individuals receiving services under this Act.

SEC. 3033. INNOVATION AND LEARNING.

    Using funds reserved under section 4, the Secretary shall--
            (1) provide technical assistance to ensure providers have 
        sufficient organizational capacity, staff training, and 
        expertise to effectively implement programs, described under 
        this Act;
            (2) create regional and national opportunities for in-
        person peer learning; and
            (3) provide on a competitive basis sub-grants to States and 
        local areas to conduct pilots and demonstrations using emerging 
        and evidence-based best practices, and models for youth 
        employment programs and to evaluate such programs using designs 
        that employ the most rigorous analytical and statistical 
        methods that are reasonably feasible.

SEC. 3034. EVALUATION AND REPORTS.

    (a) Evaluation.--Not earlier than 1 year or later than 2 years 
after the end of the award grant period, the Secretary of Labor shall 
conduct an evaluation of the programs administered under this Act.
    (b) Reports to Congress.--The Secretary of Labor shall transmit to 
the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions of the Senate not later than 5 years after the end of the 
award grant period, a final report on the results of the evaluation 
conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 3035. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) ESEA terms.--The terms ``extended-year adjusted cohort 
        graduation rate'', ``evidence-based'', ``four-year adjusted 
        cohort graduation rate'', ``local educational agency'', and 
        ``secondary school'' have the meanings given such terms in 
        section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (2) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (3) Registered apprenticeship program.--The term 
        ``registered apprenticeship program'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 171(b) of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3226(b)).
            (4) Other wioa terms.--The terms ``administrative costs'', 
        ``career and technical education'', ``career pathway'', 
        ``career planning'', ``community-based organization'', 
        ``Governor'', ``in-demand industry sector or occupation'', 
        ``in-school youth'', ``local area'', ``local board'', ``low-
        income individual'', ``one-stop center'', ``on-the-job 
        training'', ``outlying area'', ``out-of-school youth'', 
        ``school dropout'', ``State'', ``supportive services'', 
        ``unemployed individual'', and ``unit of general local 
        government'' have the meanings given such terms in section 3 of 
        the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).

SEC. 3036. MINIMUM WAGE INCREASES.

    (a) In General.--Section 6(a)(1) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 
1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(1) except as otherwise provided in this section, not 
        less than--
                    ``(A) $9.25 an hour, beginning on the effective 
                date under section 7 of the Jobs and Justice Act of 
                2018;
                    ``(B) $10.10 an hour, beginning 1 year after such 
                effective date;
                    ``(C) $11.00 an hour, beginning 2 years after such 
                effective date;
                    ``(D) $12.00 an hour, beginning 3 years after such 
                effective date;
                    ``(E) $13.00 an hour, beginning 4 years after such 
                effective date;
                    ``(F) $13.50 an hour, beginning 5 years after such 
                effective date;
                    ``(G) $14.25 an hour, beginning 6 years after such 
                effective date;
                    ``(H) $15.00 an hour, beginning 7 years after such 
                effective date; and
                    ``(I) beginning on the date that is 8 years after 
                such effective date, and annually thereafter, the 
                amount determined by the Secretary under subsection 
                (h);''.
    (b) Determination Based on Increase in the Median Hourly Wage of 
All Employees.--Section 6 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 
U.S.C. 206) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h)(1) Not later than each date that is 90 days before a new 
minimum wage determined under subsection (a)(1)(I) is to take effect, 
the Secretary shall determine the minimum wage to be in effect under 
this subsection for each period described in subsection (a)(1)(I). The 
wage determined under this subsection for a year shall be--
            ``(A) not less than the amount in effect under subsection 
        (a)(1) on the date of such determination;
            ``(B) increased from such amount by the annual percentage 
        increase, if any, in the median hourly wage of all employees as 
        determined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics; and
            ``(C) rounded to the nearest multiple of $0.05.
    ``(2) In calculating the annual percentage increase in the median 
hourly wage of all employees for purposes of paragraph (1)(B), the 
Secretary, through the Bureau of Labor Statistics, shall compile data 
on the hourly wages of all employees to determine such a median hourly 
wage and compare such median hourly wage for the most recent year for 
which data are available with the median hourly wage determined for the 
preceding year.''.

SEC. 3037. TIPPED EMPLOYEES.

    (a) Base Minimum Wage for Tipped Employees.--Section 3(m)(1) of the 
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203(m)(1)) is amended to 
read as follows:
            ``(1) the cash wage paid such employee, which for purposes 
        of such determination shall be not less than--
                    ``(A) for the 1-year period beginning on the 
                effective date under section 7 of the Jobs and Justice 
                Act of 2018, $4.15 an hour;
                    ``(B) for each succeeding 1-year period until the 
                hourly wage under this paragraph equals the wage in 
                effect under section 6(a)(1) for such period, an hourly 
                wage equal to the amount determined under this 
                paragraph for the preceding year, increased by the 
                lesser of--
                            ``(i) $1.15; or
                            ``(ii) the amount necessary for the wage in 
                        effect under this paragraph to equal the wage 
                        in effect under section 6(a)(1) for such 
                        period, rounded to the nearest multiple of 
                        $0.05; and
                    ``(C) for each succeeding 1-year period after the 
                increase made pursuant to subparagraph (B)(ii), the 
                minimum wage in effect under section 6(a)(1); and''.
    (b) Tips Retained by Employees.--Section 3(m) of the Fair Labor 
Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203(m)) is amended--
            (1) in the second sentence of the matter following 
        paragraph (2), by striking ``of this subsection, and all tips 
        received by such employee have been retained by the employee'' 
        and inserting ``of this subsection. Any employee shall have the 
        right to retain any tips received by such employee''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following: ``An employer shall 
        inform each employee of the right and exception provided under 
        the preceding sentence.''.
    (c) Scheduled Repeal of Separate Minimum Wage for Tipped 
Employees.--
            (1) Tipped employees.--Section 3(m) of the Fair Labor 
        Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203(m)), as amended by 
        subsections (a) and (b), is further amended by striking the 
        sentence beginning with ``In determining the wage an employer 
        is required to pay a tipped employee,'' and all that follows 
        through ``of this subsection.'' and inserting ``The wage 
        required to be paid to a tipped employee shall be the wage set 
        forth in section 6(a)(1).''.
            (2) Publication of notice.--Section 6(i) of the Fair Labor 
        Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(i)), as added by section 
        5, is amended by striking ``or in accordance with subparagraph 
        (B) or (C) of section 3(m)(1) (as applicable),''.
            (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraphs (1) 
        and (2) shall take effect on the date that is one day after the 
        date on which the hourly wage under section 3(m)(1)(C) of the 
        Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 203(m)(1)(C)), as 
        amended by subsection (a), takes effect.

SEC. 3038. NEWLY HIRED EMPLOYEES WHO ARE LESS THAN 20 YEARS OLD.

    (a) Base Minimum Wage for Newly Hired Employees Who Are Less Than 
20 Years Old.--Section 6(g)(1) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 
(29 U.S.C. 206(g)(1)) is amended by striking ``a wage which is not less 
than $4.25 an hour.'' and inserting the following: ``a wage at a rate 
that is not less than--
                    ``(A) for the 1-year period beginning on the 
                effective date under section 7 of the Jobs and Justice 
                Act of 2018, $5.00 an hour;
                    ``(B) for each succeeding 1-year period until the 
                hourly wage under this paragraph equals the wage in 
                effect under section 6(a)(1) for such period, an hourly 
                wage equal to the amount determined under this 
                paragraph for the preceding year, increased by the 
                lesser of--
                            ``(i) $1.05; or
                            ``(ii) the amount necessary for the wage in 
                        effect under this paragraph to equal the wage 
                        in effect under section 6(a)(1) for such 
                        period, rounded to the nearest multiple of 
                        $0.05; and
                    ``(C) for each succeeding 1-year period after the 
                increase made pursuant to subparagraph (B)(ii), the 
                minimum wage in effect under section 6(a)(1).''.
    (b) Scheduled Repeal of Separate Minimum Wage for Newly Hired 
Employees Who Are Less Than 20 Years Old.--
            (1) In general.--Section 6(g)(1) of the Fair Labor 
        Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(g)(1)), as amended by 
        subsection (a), shall be repealed effective on the date 
        provided in paragraph (3).
            (2) Publication of notice.--Section 6(i) of the Fair Labor 
        Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(i)), as amended by section 
        3(c)(2), is further amended by striking ``or subparagraph (B) 
        or (C) of section 6(g)(1) (as applicable),''.
            (3) Effective date.--The repeal and amendment made by 
        paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, shall take effect on the 
        date that is one day after the date on which the hourly wage 
        under section 6(g)(1)(C) of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as 
        amended by subsection (a), takes effect.

SEC. 3039. PUBLICATION OF NOTICE.

    Section 6 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206), 
as amended by the preceding sections, is further amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(i) Not later than 60 days prior to the effective date of any 
increase in the required wage determined under subsection (h), or in 
accordance with subparagraph (B) or (C) of section 3(m)(1) (as 
applicable), section 14(c)(1)(A) (as applicable), or subparagraph (B) 
or (C) of section 6(g)(1) (as applicable), the Secretary shall publish 
in the Federal Register and on the website of the Department of Labor a 
notice announcing each increase in such required wage.''.

SEC. 3040. PROMOTING ECONOMIC SELF-SUFFICIENCY FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH 
              DISABILITIES.

    (a) Wages.--
            (1) Transition to fair wages for individuals with 
        disabilities.--Subparagraph (A) of section 14(c)(1) of the Fair 
        Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 214(c)(1)) is amended to 
        read as follows:
                    ``(A) at a rate that equals, or exceeds, the 
                greater of--
                            ``(i)(I) $4.25 an hour, beginning 1 year 
                        after the date the wage rate specified in 
                        section 6(a)(1)(A) takes effect;
                            ``(II) $6.25 an hour, beginning 2 years 
                        after such date;
                            ``(III) $8.25 an hour, beginning 3 years 
                        after such date;
                            ``(IV) $10.25 an hour, beginning 4 years 
                        after such date;
                            ``(V) $12.25 an hour, beginning 5 years 
                        after such date; and
                            ``(VI) the wage rate in effect under 
                        section 6(a)(1), on the date that is 6 years 
                        after the date the wage specified in section 
                        6(a)(1)(A) takes effect; or
                            ``(ii) if applicable, the wage rate in 
                        effect on the day before the date of enactment 
                        of the Raise the Wage Act for the employment, 
                        under a special certificate issued under this 
                        paragraph, of the individual for whom the wage 
                        rate is being determined under this 
                        subparagraph,''.
            (2) Prohibition on new special certificates; sunset.--
        Section 14(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 
        U.S.C. 214(c)) (as amended by paragraph (1)) is further amended 
        by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Prohibition on new special certificates.--
        Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Secretary shall not issue a 
        special certificate under this subsection to an employer that 
        was not issued a special certificate under this subsection 
        before the date of enactment of the Raise the Wage Act.
            ``(7) Sunset.--Beginning on the day after the date on which 
        the wage rate described in paragraph (1)(A)(i)(VI) takes 
        effect, the authority to issue special certificates under 
        paragraph (1) shall expire, and no special certificates issued 
        under paragraph (1) shall have any legal effect.
            ``(8) Transition assistance.--Upon request, the Secretary 
        shall provide--
                    ``(A) technical assistance and information to 
                employers issued a special certificate under this 
                subsection for the purposes of--
                            ``(i) transitioning the practices of such 
                        employers to comply with this subsection, as 
                        amended by the Raise the Wage Act; and
                            ``(ii) ensuring continuing employment 
                        opportunities for individuals with disabilities 
                        receiving a special minimum wage rate under 
                        this subsection; and
                    ``(B) information to individuals employed at a 
                special minimum wage rate under this subsection, which 
                may include referrals to other Federal or State 
                entities with expertise in competitive integrated 
                employment.''.
            (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Publication of Notice.--
            (1) Amendment.--Section 6(i) of the Fair Labor Standards 
        Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(i)), as amended by section 4(b)(2), 
        is further amended by striking ``section 14(c)(1)(A) (as 
        applicable),''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall take effect on the day after the date on which the wage 
        rate described in paragraph (1)(A)(i)(VI) of section 14(c) of 
        the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 214(c)), as 
        amended by subsection (a)(1), takes effect.

SEC. 3041. GENERAL EFFECTIVE DATE.

    Except as otherwise provided in this Act or the amendments made by 
this Act, this Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take 
effect on the first day of the third month that begins after the date 
of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3042. PROHIBITIONS RELATING TO PROSPECTIVE EMPLOYEES' SALARY AND 
              BENEFIT HISTORY.

    (a) In General.--The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 
201 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 7 the following new 
section:

``SEC. 8. REQUIREMENTS AND PROHIBITIONS RELATING TO WAGE, SALARY AND 
              BENEFIT HISTORY.

    ``It shall be an unlawful practice for an employer to--
            ``(1) screen prospective employees based on their previous 
        wages or salary histories, including benefits or other 
        compensation, including by requiring that a prospective 
        employee's previous wages or salary histories, including 
        benefits or other compensation, satisfy minimum or maximum 
        criteria, or request or require as a condition of being 
        interviewed, or as a condition of continuing to be considered 
        for an offer of employment or as a condition of employment, 
        that a prospective employee disclose previous wages or salary 
        histories, including benefits or other compensation;
            ``(2) seek the previous wages or salary history, including 
        benefits or other compensation, of any prospective employee 
        from any current or former employer of such employee; or
            ``(3) discharge or in any other manner retaliate against 
        any employee or prospective employee because the employee--
                    ``(A) opposed any act or practice made unlawful by 
                this section or made or is about to make a complaint 
                relating to any act or practice made unlawful by this 
                section; or
                    ``(B) testified or is about to testify, assist, or 
                participate in any manner in an investigation or 
                proceeding relating to any act or practice made 
                unlawful by this section.''.
    (b) Penalties.--Section 16 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 216) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(f)(1) Any person who violates the provisions of section 8 
shall--
            ``(A) be subject to a civil penalty of $5,000 for a first 
        offense, increased by an additional $1,000 for each subsequent 
        offense, not to exceed $10,000; and
            ``(B) be liable to each employee or prospective employee 
        who was the subject of the violation for special damages not to 
        exceed $10,000 plus attorneys' fees, and shall be subject to 
        such injunctive relief as may be appropriate.
    ``(2) An action to recover the liability described in paragraph 
(1)(B) may be maintained against any employer (including a public 
agency) in any Federal or State court of competent jurisdiction by any 
one or more employees or prospective employees for and in behalf of 
himself or themselves and other employees similarly situated.''.

SEC. 3043. PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION UNDER THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS 
              ACT.

    Section 10 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 160) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(n) In addition to filing a charge alleging an unfair labor 
practice with the Board in accordance with this Act, a person alleging 
an unfair labor practice by an employer in violation of section 8(a)(3) 
may, not later than 180 days after the date of such violation, bring a 
civil action in the appropriate district court of the United States 
against the employer for such violation. The court may grant any relief 
described in section 706(g) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 
2000e-5) or section 1977A(b) of the Revised Statutes of the United 
States (42 U.S.C. 1981a(b)), and may allow the prevailing party a 
reasonable attorney's fee (including expert witness fees) as part of 
the costs.''.

SEC. 3044. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) African-American young men ages 18 to 39 are the 
        hardest hit in unemployment, with an unemployment rate of 41 
        percent nationally, and in some States and cities, especially 
        inner cities, higher than 50 percent;
            (2) this extraordinarily high unemployment rate has a 
        terrible rippling impact on the breakdown of the family 
        structure, as men in this age group are in the primary child-
        producing ages; and
            (3) an unemployment rate of 40 to 50 percent among African-
        American young men, many of who are fathers who, without jobs, 
        and are unable to provide for their families, is not only a 
        national crisis but a national tragedy.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to secure jobs, on-the-job 
training, and apprenticeships for African-American young men ages 18 to 
39 with the labor unions, general contractors, and businesses who will 
rebuild the Nation's crumbling infrastructure in cities and communities 
throughout the Nation.

SEC. 3045. URGING EMPLOYMENT, ON-THE-JOB TRAINING, AND APPRENTICESHIPS 
              FOR UNEMPLOYED AFRICAN-AMERICAN YOUNG MEN IN REBUILDING 
              THE NATION'S CRUMBLING INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Labor shall strongly and urgently 
request those labor unions, general contractors, and businesses, who 
will rebuild the Nation's crumbling infrastructure, transportation 
systems, technology and computer networks, and energy distribution 
systems, to actively recruit, hire, and provide on-the-job training to 
African-American young men ages 18 to 39 through their existing jobs, 
apprenticeships, and ``earn while you learn'' programs. The Secretary 
shall provide assistance to such labor unions, general contractors, and 
businesses through every means available to help coordinate the 
recruitment of such individuals for such jobs, on-the-job training, and 
apprenticeships.
    (b) Coordination.--The jobs, on-the-job training, and 
apprenticeships made available by labor unions, general contractors, 
and businesses described in subsection (a) shall be conducted in 
conjunction with the Secretary of Labor and the labor unions and other 
associations which have been identified as those primarily involved in 
the infrastructure rebuilding described in such subsection, including 
the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), the United 
Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe 
Fitting Industry of the United States and Canada, the International 
Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron 
Workers Union, the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, the National 
Electrical Contractors Association, the International Association of 
Sheet Metal, Air, Rail and Transportation Workers (SMART), the 
Laborers' International Union of North America (LIUNA), the 
International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE), and the United 
Steelworkers (USW). Such coordination shall also be done in conjunction 
with the National Joint Apprenticeship and Training Committee, which 
allows apprentices to earn while they learn.
    (c) Recruitment.--The labor unions, general contractors, and 
businesses described in subsections (a) and (b) shall recruit African-
American young men for the jobs, on-the-job training, and 
apprenticeships described in subsection (a) by reaching out and seeking 
assistance from within the African-American community, churches, the 
National Urban League, the NAACP, 100 Black Men of America, high school 
and college job placement offices, media outlets, and other African-
American organizations that can offer valuable assistance to the 
Secretary of Labor, the labor unions, general contractors, and 
businesses with identifying, locating, and contacting unemployed 
African-American young men who want jobs, on-the-job training, and 
apprenticeships. These African-American organizations have a long and 
rich history of working to improve the lives of African-Americans, and 
can be very helpful in successfully reaching, contacting, and 
recruiting unemployed African-American young men.

SEC. 3046. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that this Act--
            (1) while rebuilding the crumbling infrastructure of this 
        great Nation, will simultaneously help create good paying jobs 
        and job training that will provide African-American young men 
        ages 18 to 39 with the technical skills, computer capabilities, 
        and other skills necessary in this high technology-driven job 
        market, thus providing African-American young men with highly 
        developed skills that will make them very competitive and 
        attractive to many employers; and
            (2) greatly exemplifies and strengthens the high nobility 
        of purpose that is the founding grace of this great Nation.

SEC. 3047. INCREASE IN RESEARCH CREDIT FOR CONTRACTED RESEARCH WITH 
              UNITED STATES BUSINESSES.

    (a) In General.--Section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is 
amended by inserting after subsection (g) the following new subsection:
    ``(h) Special Rule for Contracted Research With United States 
Manufacturing Business.--
            ``(1) In general.--If the taxpayer elects the application 
        of this subsection, subsection (a)(1) shall be applied by 
        substituting `25 percent' for `20 percent' with respect to 
        qualified United States research expenses.
            ``(2) Qualified united states research expenses.--For 
        purposes of this subsection, the term `qualified United States 
        research expenses' means any amount paid or incurred by the 
        taxpayer to any person (other than an employee of the taxpayer) 
        for qualified research, substantially all of which occurs in 
        the United States.
            ``(3) Separate application of section.--In the case of any 
        election of the application of this subsection, this section 
        shall be applied separately with respect to qualified United 
        States research expenses.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to amounts paid or incurred for taxable years beginning after the 
date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3048. HOMELAND SECURITY CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE; PERSONNEL 
              AUTHORITIES.

    (a) Homeland Security Cybersecurity Workforce.--
            (1) In general.--Subtitle C of title II of the Homeland 
        Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 141 et seq.) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 230A. CYBERSECURITY OCCUPATION CATEGORIES, WORKFORCE ASSESSMENT, 
              AND STRATEGY.

    ``(a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the `Homeland 
Security Cybersecurity Boots-on-the-Ground Act'.
    ``(b) Cybersecurity Occupation Categories.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall develop and 
        issue comprehensive occupation categories for individuals 
        performing activities in furtherance of the cybersecurity 
        mission of the Department.
            ``(2) Applicability.--The Secretary shall ensure that the 
        comprehensive occupation categories issued under paragraph (1) 
        are used throughout the Department and are made available to 
        other Federal agencies.
    ``(c) Cybersecurity Workforce Assessment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this section and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall assess the readiness and capacity of the 
        workforce of the Department to meet its cybersecurity mission.
            ``(2) Contents.--The assessment required under paragraph 
        (1) shall, at a minimum, include the following:
                    ``(A) Information where cybersecurity positions are 
                located within the Department, specified in accordance 
                with the cybersecurity occupation categories issued 
                under subsection (b).
                    ``(B) Information on which cybersecurity positions 
                are--
                            ``(i) performed by--
                                    ``(I) permanent full time 
                                departmental employees, together with 
                                demographic information about such 
                                employees' race, ethnicity, gender, 
                                disability status, and veterans status;
                                    ``(II) individuals employed by 
                                independent contractors; and
                                    ``(III) individuals employed by 
                                other Federal agencies, including the 
                                National Security Agency; and
                            ``(ii) vacant.
                    ``(C) The number of individuals hired by the 
                Department pursuant to the authority granted to the 
                Secretary in 2009 to permit the Secretary to fill 1,000 
                cybersecurity positions across the Department over a 
                three year period, and information on what challenges, 
                if any, were encountered with respect to the 
                implementation of such authority.
                    ``(D) Information on vacancies within the 
                Department's cybersecurity supervisory workforce, from 
                first line supervisory positions through senior 
                departmental cybersecurity positions.
                    ``(E) Information on the percentage of individuals 
                within each cybersecurity occupation category who 
                received essential training to perform their jobs, and 
                in cases in which such training is not received, 
                information on what challenges, if any, were 
                encountered with respect to the provision of such 
                training.
                    ``(F) Information on recruiting costs incurred with 
                respect to efforts to fill cybersecurity positions 
                across the Department in a manner that allows for 
                tracking of overall recruiting and identifying areas 
                for better coordination and leveraging of resources 
                within the Department.
    ``(d) Workforce Strategy.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall develop, 
        maintain, and, as necessary, update, a comprehensive workforce 
        strategy that enhances the readiness, capacity, training, 
        recruitment, and retention of the cybersecurity workforce of 
        the Department.
            ``(2) Contents.--The comprehensive workforce strategy 
        developed under paragraph (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) a multiphased recruitment plan, including 
                relating to experienced professionals, members of 
                disadvantaged or underserved communities, the 
                unemployed, and veterans;
                    ``(B) a 5-year implementation plan;
                    ``(C) a 10-year projection of the Department's 
                cybersecurity workforce needs; and
                    ``(D) obstacles impeding the hiring and development 
                of a cybersecurity workforce at the Department.
    ``(e) Information Security Training.--Not later than 270 days after 
the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
establish and maintain a process to verify on an ongoing basis that 
individuals employed by independent contractors who serve in 
cybersecurity positions at the Department receive initial and recurrent 
information security training comprised of general security awareness 
training necessary to perform their job functions, and role-based 
security training that is commensurate with assigned responsibilities. 
The Secretary shall maintain documentation to ensure that training 
provided to an individual under this subsection meets or exceeds 
requirements for such individual's job function.
    ``(f) Updates.--The Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees annual updates regarding the cybersecurity 
workforce assessment required under subsection (c), information on the 
progress of carrying out the comprehensive workforce strategy developed 
under subsection (d), and information on the status of the 
implementation of the information security training required under 
subsection (e).
    ``(g) GAO Study.--The Secretary shall provide the Comptroller 
General of the United States with information on the cybersecurity 
workforce assessment required under subsection (c) and progress on 
carrying out the comprehensive workforce strategy developed under 
subsection (d). The Comptroller General shall submit to the Secretary 
and the appropriate congressional committees a study on such assessment 
and strategy.
    ``(h) Cybersecurity Fellowship Program.--Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the 
feasibility of establishing a Cybersecurity Fellowship Program to offer 
a tuition payment plan for undergraduate and doctoral candidates who 
agree to work for the Department for an agreed-upon period of time.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
        1(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 is amended by 
        inserting after the item relating to section 230 the following 
        new item:

``Sec. 230A. Cybersecurity occupation categories, workforce assessment, 
                            and strategy.''.
    (b) Personnel Authorities.--
            (1) In general.--Subtitle C of title II of the Homeland 
        Security Act of 2002, as amended by subsection (a)(1) of this 
        section, is further amended by adding at the end the following 
        new section:

``SEC. 230B. PERSONNEL AUTHORITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Personnel authorities.--The Secretary may exercise 
        with respect to qualified employees of the Department the same 
        authority that the Secretary of Defense has with respect to 
        civilian intelligence personnel and the scholarship program 
        under sections 1601, 1602, 1603, and 2200a of title 10, United 
        States Code, to establish as positions in the excepted service, 
        appoint individuals to such positions, fix pay, and pay a 
        retention bonus to any employee appointed under this section if 
        the Secretary determines that such is needed to retain 
        essential personnel. Before announcing the payment of a bonus 
        under this paragraph, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 
        of the Senate a written explanation of such determination. Such 
        authority shall be exercised--
                    ``(A) to the same extent and subject to the same 
                conditions and limitations that the Secretary of 
                Defense may exercise such authority with respect to 
                civilian intelligence personnel of the Department of 
                Defense; and
                    ``(B) in a manner consistent with the merit system 
                principles set forth in section 2301 of title 5, United 
                States Code.
            ``(2) Civil service protections.--Sections 1221 and 2302, 
        and chapter 75 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to 
        the positions established pursuant to the authorities provided 
        under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Plan for execution of authorities.--Not later than 
        120 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the 
        Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Security of 
        the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland 
        Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate a report that 
        contains a plan for the use of the authorities provided under 
        this subsection.
    ``(b) Annual Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this section and annually thereafter for four years, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and 
Governmental Affairs of the Senate a detailed report (including 
appropriate metrics on actions occurring during the reporting period) 
that discusses the processes used by the Secretary in implementing this 
section and accepting applications, assessing candidates, ensuring 
adherence to veterans' preference, and selecting applicants for 
vacancies to be filled by a qualified employee.
    ``(c) Definition of Qualified Employee.--In this section, the term 
`qualified employee' means an employee who performs functions relating 
to the security of Federal civilian information systems, critical 
infrastructure information systems, or networks of either of such 
systems.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
        1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after the item 
        relating to section 230A (as added by subsection (a)(2) of this 
        section) the following new item:

``Sec. 230B. Personnel authorities.''.
    (c) Clarification Regarding Authorization of Appropriations.--No 
additional amounts are authorized to be appropriated by reason of this 
section or the amendments made by this section.

SEC. 3049. PROTECTING SOCIAL SECURITY, RAILROAD RETIREMENT, AND BLACK 
              LUNG BENEFITS FROM ADMINISTRATIVE OFFSET.

    (a) Prohibition on Administrative Offset Authority.--
            (1) Assignment under social security act.--Section 207 of 
        the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 407) is amended by adding at 
        the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Subparagraphs (A), (C), and (D) of section 3716(c)(3) of 
title 31, United States Code, as such subparagraphs were in effect on 
the date before the date of enactment of the Jobs and Justice Act of 
2018, shall be null and void and of no effect.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 14(a) of the Railroad Retirement Act of 
                1974 (45 U.S.C. 231m(a)) is amended by adding at the 
                end the following: ``. The provisions of section 207(d) 
                of the Social Security Act shall apply with respect to 
                this title to the same extent as they apply in the case 
                of title II of such Act.''.
                    (B) Section 2(e) of the Railroad Unemployment 
                Insurance Act (45 U.S.C. 352(e)) is amended by adding 
                at the end the following: ``The provisions of section 
                207(d) of the Social Security Act shall apply with 
                respect to this title to the same extent as they apply 
                in the case of title II of such Act.''.
    (b) Repeal of Administrative Offset Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Paragraph (3) of section 3716(c) of title 
        31, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``(3)(A)(i) Notwithstanding'' and 
                all that follows through ``any overpayment under such 
                program).'';
                    (B) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D); and
                    (C) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as paragraph 
                (3).
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Paragraph (5) of such section is 
        amended by striking ``the Commissioner of Social Security 
        and''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to any collection by administrative offset occurring on or after 
the date of enactment of this Act of a claim arising before, on, or 
after the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3050. EXPANSION OF AUTHORITY FOR NONCOMPETITIVE APPOINTMENTS OF 
              MILITARY SPOUSES BY FEDERAL AGENCIES.

    (a) Expansion To Include All Spouses of Members of the Armed Forces 
on Active Duty.--Section 3330d of title 5, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking paragraphs (3), (4), and (5); and
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph 
                (3);
            (2) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and inserting the 
        following new subsection (b):
    ``(b) Appointment Authority.--The head of an agency may appoint 
noncompetitively--
            ``(1) a spouse of a member of the Armed Forces on active 
        duty; or
            ``(2) a spouse of a disabled or deceased member of the 
        Armed Forces.'';
            (3) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (c); and
            (4) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``subsection (a)(6)'' in paragraph (1) and inserting 
        ``subsection (a)(3)''.
    (b) Heading Amendment.--The heading of such section is amended to 
read as follows:
``Sec. 3330d. Appointment of military spouses''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 33 of such title is amended by striking the item relating to 
section 3330d and inserting the following new item:

``3330d. Appointment of military spouses.''.

SEC. 3051. REPORT ON MECHANISMS TO INCREASE PARTICIPATION IN DEPARTMENT 
              OF DEFENSE CONTRACTS OF FIRMS WITH PROGRAMS TO EMPLOY 
              MILITARY SPOUSES.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report that 
sets forth various mechanisms to be used by the Department of Defense 
to increase the participation in Department contracts of businesses 
that implement and maintain programs to employ military spouses. For 
each mechanism set forth, the report shall include a recommendation for 
the legislative or administrative action necessary to implement such 
mechanism.

SEC. 3052. IMPROVEMENT OF EDUCATION AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAMS 
              FOR MILITARY SPOUSES.

    (a) Outreach on Availability of MyCAA Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense shall take 
        appropriate actions to ensure that military spouses who are 
        eligible for participation in the My Career Advancement Account 
        (MyCAA) program of the Department of Defense are, to extent 
        practicable, made aware of the program and their eligibility 
        for the program.
            (2) Digital advertisement.--The actions taken by the 
        Secretary pursuant to paragraph (1) shall include a state-of-
        the-art digital advertising campaign on the My Career 
        Advancement Account program designed to target military 
        spouses.
            (3) DoD report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to 
        Congress a report setting forth the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the extent to which military 
                spouses who are eligible for the My Career Advancement 
                Account program are aware of the program and their 
                eligibility for the program.
                    (B) A description of the levels of participation in 
                the My Career Advancement Account program among 
                military spouses who are eligible to participate in the 
                program.
            (4) Comptroller general report.--Not later than 180 days 
        after the submittal of the report required by paragraph (3), 
        the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to 
        Congress a report setting forth the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the report under paragraph 
                (3).
                    (B) Such recommendations as the Comptroller General 
                considers appropriate regarding the following:
                            (i) Mechanisms to increase awareness of the 
                        My Career Advancement Account program among 
                        military spouses who are eligible to 
                        participate in the program.
                            (ii) Mechanisms to increase participation 
                        in the My Career Advancement Account program 
                        among military spouses who are eligible to 
                        participate in the program.
    (b) Training for Installation Career Counselors on MyCAA Program.--
The Secretaries of the military departments shall take appropriate 
actions to ensure that career counselors at military installations 
receive appropriate training and current information on eligibility for 
and use of benefits under the My Career Advancement Account program, 
including financial assistance to cover costs associated with 
professional recertification, portability of occupational licenses, 
professional credential exams, and other mechanisms in connection with 
the portability of professional licenses.
    (c) Report on Expansion of SECO Program.--The Secretary of Defense 
shall submit to Congress a report setting forth a proposal for the 
expansion of specialized coaching modules within the Spouse Education 
and Career Opportunities (SECO) Program of the Department of Defense.

SEC. 3053. MILITARY FAMILY CHILDCARE MATTERS.

    (a) Assessment of Use of Subsidized, Off-Installation Childcare 
Services.--Subsection (a) of section 575 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115-91) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(5) Modifying the rate of use of subsidized, off-
        installation childcare services by military families in light 
        of the full implementation of MilitaryChildCare.com, including 
        whether the availability of off-installation childcare services 
        for military families could be increased by altering policies 
        of the Armed Forces on capping the amount of subsidies for 
        military families for such services based on the cost of living 
        for families and the average cost of civilian childcare 
        services.''.
    (b) Provisional or Interim Clearances To Provide Childcare 
Services.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense shall implement a 
        policy to permit the issuance of clearances on a provisional or 
        interim basis for the provision of childcare services at 
        military childcare centers.
            (2) Elements.--The policy required by this subsection shall 
        provide for the following:
                    (A) Any clearance issued under the policy shall be 
                temporary and contingent upon the satisfaction of such 
                requirements for the issuance of a clearance on a 
                permanent basis as the Secretary considers appropriate.
                    (B) Any individual issued a clearance on a 
                provisional or interim basis under the policy shall be 
                subject to such supervision in the provision of 
                childcare services using such clearance as the 
                Secretary considers appropriate.
            (3) Clearance defined.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``clearance'', with respect to an individual and the provision 
        of childcare services, means the formal approval of the 
        individual, after appropriate vetting and other review, to 
        provide childcare services to children at a military childcare 
        center of the Department of Defense.

SEC. 3054. EXPANSION OF PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY OF MILITARY ONESOURCE 
              PROGRAM FOR RETIRED AND DISCHARGED MEMBERS OF THE ARMED 
              FORCES AND THEIR IMMEDIATE FAMILIES.

    (a) In General.--Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of 
Defense, the period of eligibility for the Military OneSource program 
of the Department of Defense of an eligible individual retired, 
discharged, or otherwise released from the Armed Forces, and for the 
eligible immediate family members of such an individual, shall be the 
one-year period beginning on the date the retirement, discharge, or 
release, as applicable, of such individual.
    (b) Outreach.--The Secretary shall undertake a marketing and 
advertising campaign designed to inform military families and families 
of veterans of the Armed Forces of the wide range of benefits available 
through the Military OneSource program. The campaign shall include 
well-researched and targeted marketing and advertising collateral 
issued at the following:
            (1) Offices at military installations that issue 
        identification cards.
            (2) Locations at which activities under the Transition 
        Assistance Program (TAP) are being carried out.

SEC. 3055. TRANSITION ASSISTANCE FOR MILITARY SPOUSES.

    (a) Transition Assistance.--
            (1) In general.--Subchapter I of chapter 88 of title 10, 
        United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1784a 
        the following new section:
``Sec. 1784b. Employment assistance, job training assistance, and other 
              transitional assistance for military spouses: Department 
              of Labor
    ``(a) In General.--In carrying out the program of assistance and 
services required by section 1144 of this title, the Secretary of 
Labor, in conjunction with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
Homeland Security, and the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, shall also 
maintain a program of counseling, assistance, help, and related 
information and services for spouses of members of the armed forces 
covered by that section in order to assist such spouses during the 
transition of such members to civilian life.
    ``(b) Elements.--The counseling, assistance, help, and information 
and services available under the program under this section shall be 
the following:
            ``(1) Such counseling, assistance, help, and information 
        and services as are available to members under section 1144 of 
        this title and are suitable to assist spouses during the 
        transition of members as described in subsection (a).
            ``(2) Such other counseling, assistance, help, and 
        information and services to assist spouses during such 
        transition as the Secretaries consider appropriate for purposes 
        of the program.
    ``(c) Participation.--A spouse is eligible to participate in the 
program under this section during any period in which the spouse's 
member is eligible to participate in the program of assistance and 
services required by section 1144 of this title.
    ``(d) Use of Personnel and Organizations.--In carrying out the 
program under this section, the Secretaries may use any of the 
authorities, personnel, organizations, and other resources available 
for the program of assistance and services required by section 1144 of 
this title that the Secretaries consider appropriate for the effective 
operation of the program under this section.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections at the 
        beginning of subchapter I of chapter 88 of such title is 
        amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1784a 
        the following new item:

``1784b. Employment assistance, job training assistance, and other 
                            transitional assistance for military 
                            spouses: Department of Labor.''.
            (3) Effective date and commencement of program.--The 
        amendments made by this subsection shall take effect on the 
        date of the enactment of this Act. The Secretary of Labor shall 
        commence the program required by section 1784b of title 10, 
        United States Code (as added by such amendments), by such date, 
        not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, as the Secretary considers practicable.
    (b) Participation of Spouses in TAP for Members.--Section 1144 of 
title 10, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``and the spouses of 
        such members'';
            (2) in subsection (c), by inserting ``of Members'' after 
        ``Participation'';
            (3) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections 
        (e) and (f), respectively; and
            (4) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new 
        subsection (d):
    ``(d) Participation of Spouses.--The Secretaries shall permit the 
spouses of members participating in the program carried out under this 
section to participate in the receipt by such members of assistance and 
services provided under the program to the extent that the 
participation of such spouses in receipt of such assistance and 
services will assist such members and spouses in maximizing the 
benefits of the program carried out under this section.''.

SEC. 3056. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS ON HEALTH, SAFETY, WELFARE, AND 
              MORALE OF MILITARY FAMILIES.

    (a) Plan for Initiative Required.--The Secretary of Defense shall, 
acting through the Office of Community Relations of the Department of 
Defense, submit to Congress a report setting forth a proposal for one 
or more initiatives between the military departments and appropriate 
non-Federal entities for public-private partnerships designed to 
support and enhance the health, safety, welfare, and morale of military 
families. The initiatives shall be designed to provide the military 
departments flexibility in the commitment of resources to the 
partnerships according to the unique requirements of the military 
departments and the Armed Forces.
    (b) Initiative Elements.--In identifying appropriate elements for 
the initiatives described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall take 
into account the results of the following:
            (1) Two current studies by the Office of the Secretary of 
        Defense on the health, safety, welfare, and morale of military 
        families.
            (2) The public-private partnership initiative of the 
        Department of Veterans Affairs on the health, safety, welfare, 
        and morale of families of veterans.

SEC. 3057. SMALL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES OF MILITARY SPOUSES ON MILITARY 
              INSTALLATIONS.

    (a) Assessment of Small Business Activity.--The Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to Congress a report setting forth an assessment 
of the feasibility and advisability of encouraging entrepreneurship 
among military spouses by permitting military spouses to engage in 
small business activities on military installations and in partnership 
with commissaries, exchange stores, and other morale, welfare, and 
recreation facilities of the Armed Forces.
    (b) Elements.--The assessment shall--
            (1) take into account the usage by military spouses of 
        installation facilities, utilities, and other resources in the 
        conduct of small business activities on military installations 
        and such other matters in connection with the conduct of such 
        business activities by military spouses as the Secretary 
        considers appropriate; and
            (2) seek to identify mechanisms to ensure that costs and 
        fees associated with the usage by military spouses of such 
        facilities, utilities, and other resources in connection with 
        such business activities does not meaningfully curtail or 
        eliminate the opportunity for military spouses to profit 
        reasonably from such business activities.

SEC. 3058. REPORT ON ASSESSMENT OF FREQUENCY OF PERMANENT CHANGES OF 
              STATION OF MEMBERS OF THE ARMED FORCES ON EMPLOYMENT 
              AMONG MILITARY SPOUSES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress 
a report setting forth an assessment of the effects of the frequency of 
permanent changes of station (PCS) of members of the Armed Forces on 
stability of employment among military spouses.
    (b) Elements.--The report under subsection (a) shall include the 
following:
            (1) An assessment of the effects of the frequency of 
        permanent changes of station of members of the Armed Forces on 
        stability of employment among military spouses, including the 
        contribution of frequent permanent changes of station to 
        unemployment or underemployment among military spouses.
            (2) An assessment of the effects of unemployment and 
        underemployment among military spouses on force readiness.
            (3) Such recommendations as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate regarding legislative or administration action to 
        achieve force readiness and stabilization through the 
        minimization of the impacts of frequent permanent changes on 
        stability of employment among military spouses.

                            TITLE IV--HEALTH

SEC. 4001. STUDY ON THE UNINSURED.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services (in 
this section referred to as the ``Secretary'') shall--
            (1) conduct a study, in accordance with the standards under 
        section 3101 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
        300kk), on the demographic characteristics of the population of 
        individuals who do not have health insurance coverage;
            (2) include in such study an analysis of the usage by such 
        population of emergency room and urgent care facilities; and
            (3) predict, based on such study, the demographic 
        characteristics of the population of individuals who would 
        remain without health insurance coverage after the end of open 
        enrollment or any special enrollment period.
    (b) Reporting Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Congress the results of the study under subsection (a) and the 
        prediction made under subsection (a)(3).
            (2) Reporting of demographic characteristics.--The 
        Secretary shall report the demographic characteristics under 
        paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) on the basis of 
        racial and ethnic group, and shall stratify the reporting on 
        each racial and ethnic group by other demographic 
        characteristics that can impact access to health insurance 
        coverage, such as sexual orientation, gender identity, primary 
        language, disability status, sex, socioeconomic status, age 
        group, and citizenship and immigration status.

SEC. 4002. VOLUNTEER DENTAL PROJECTS AND ACTION FOR DENTAL HEALTH 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 317M of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-14) 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as (g) and 
        (h), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after subsection (d), the following:
    ``(e) Grants To Support Volunteer Dental Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, may 
        award grants to or enter into contracts with eligible entities 
        to obtain portable or mobile dental equipment, and pay for 
        appropriate operational costs, for the provision of free dental 
        services to underserved populations that are delivered in a 
        manner consistent with State licensing laws.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--In this subsection, the term 
        `eligible entity' includes a State or local dental association, 
        a State oral health program, a dental education, dental hygiene 
        education, or postdoctoral dental education program accredited 
        by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, and a community-
        based organization that partners with an academic institution, 
        that--
                    ``(A) is exempt from tax under section 501(c) of 
                the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and
                    ``(B) offers a free dental services program for 
                underserved populations.
    ``(f) Action for Dental Health Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, may 
        award grants to or enter into contracts with eligible entities 
        to collaborate with State, county, or local public officials 
        and other stakeholders to develop and implement initiatives to 
        accomplish any of the following goals:
                    ``(A) To improve oral health education and dental 
                disease prevention, including community-wide prevention 
                programs, use of dental sealants and fluoride varnish, 
                and increasing oral health literacy.
                    ``(B) To make the health care delivery system 
                providing dental services more accessible and efficient 
                through the development and expansion of outreach 
                programs that will facilitate the establishment of 
                dental homes for children and adults, including the 
                aged, blind, and disabled populations.
                    ``(C) To reduce geographic, language, cultural, and 
                similar barriers in the provision of dental services.
                    ``(D) To help reduce the use of emergency 
                departments by those who seek dental services more 
                appropriately delivered in a dental primary care 
                setting.
                    ``(E) To facilitate the provision of dental care to 
                nursing home residents who are disproportionately 
                affected by lack of care.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--In this subsection, the term 
        `eligible entity' includes a State or local dental association, 
        a State oral health program, or a dental education, dental 
        hygiene, or postdoctoral dental education program accredited by 
        the Commission on Dental Accreditation, and a community-based 
        organization that partners with an academic institution, that--
                    ``(A) is exempt from tax under section 501(c) of 
                the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and
                    ``(B) partners with public and private stakeholders 
                to facilitate the provision of dental services for 
                underserved populations.''; and
            (3) in subsection (h), as redesignated by paragraph (1), by 
        striking ``fiscal years 2001 through 2005'' and inserting 
        ``fiscal years 2016 through 2020''.

SEC. 4003. CRITICAL ACCESS HOSPITAL IMPROVEMENTS.

    (a) Elimination of Isolation Test for Cost-Based Ambulance 
Reimbursement.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1834(l)(8) of the Social Security 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(l)(8)) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking ``owned and''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``(including when such 
                        services are provided by the entity under an 
                        arrangement with the hospital)'' after 
                        ``hospital''; and
                    (B) by striking the comma at the end of 
                subparagraph (B) and all that follows and inserting a 
                period.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall apply to services furnished on or after January 1, 2019.
    (b) Provision of a More Flexible Alternative to the CAH Designation 
25 Inpatient Bed Limit Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1820(c)(2) of the Social Security 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i-4(c)(2)) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)(iii), by striking 
                ``provides not more than'' and inserting ``subject to 
                subparagraph (F), provides not more than''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(F) Alternative to 25 inpatient bed limit 
                requirement.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A State may elect to 
                        treat a facility, with respect to the 
                        designation of the facility for a cost-
                        reporting period, as satisfying the requirement 
                        of subparagraph (B)(iii) relating to a maximum 
                        number of acute care inpatient beds if the 
                        facility elects, in accordance with a method 
                        specified by the Secretary and before the 
                        beginning of the cost reporting period, to meet 
                        the requirement under clause (ii).
                            ``(ii) Alternate requirement.--The 
                        requirement under this clause, with respect to 
                        a facility and a cost-reporting period, is that 
                        the total number of inpatient bed days 
                        described in subparagraph (B)(iii) during such 
                        period will not exceed 7,300. For purposes of 
                        this subparagraph, an individual who is an 
                        inpatient in a bed in the facility for a single 
                        day shall be counted as one inpatient bed day.
                            ``(iii) Withdrawal of election.--The option 
                        described in clause (i) shall not apply to a 
                        facility for a cost-reporting period if the 
                        facility (for any two consecutive cost-
                        reporting periods during the previous 5 cost-
                        reporting periods) was treated under such 
                        option and had a total number of inpatient bed 
                        days for each of such two cost-reporting 
                        periods that exceeded the number specified in 
                        such clause.''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) 
        shall apply to cost-reporting periods beginning on or after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 4004. COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER COLLABORATIVE ACCESS EXPANSION.

    Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254b) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(s) Miscellaneous Provisions.--
            ``(1) Rule of construction with respect to rural health 
        clinics.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent 
        a community health center from contracting with a federally 
        certified rural health clinic (as defined by section 
        1861(aa)(2) of the Social Security Act) for the delivery of 
        primary health care and other mental, dental, and physical 
        health services that are available at the rural health clinic 
        to individuals who would otherwise be eligible for free or 
        reduced cost care if that individual were able to obtain that 
        care at the community health center. Such services may be 
        limited in scope to those primary health care and other mental, 
        dental, and physical health services available in that rural 
        health clinic.
            ``(2) Enabling services.--To the extent possible, enabling 
        services such as transportation and translation assistance 
        shall be provided by rural health clinics described in 
        paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Assurances.--In order for a rural health clinic to 
        receive funds under this section through a contract with a 
        community health center for the delivery of primary health care 
        and other services described in paragraph (1), such rural 
        health clinic shall establish policies to ensure--
                    ``(A) nondiscrimination based upon the ability of a 
                patient to pay;
                    ``(B) the establishment of a sliding fee scale for 
                low-income patients; and
                    ``(C) any such services should be subject to full 
                reimbursement according to the Prospective Payment 
                System scale.''.

SEC. 4005. IMPROVING OPPORTUNITY DIAPER DISTRIBUTION DEMONSTRATION 
              PROJECT.

    Part P of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
280g et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 399V-7. DIAPER DISTRIBUTION DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Administration 
for Children and Families, shall make grants to eligible entities to 
conduct demonstration projects that implement and evaluate strategies 
to help families with eligible children to address the diapering needs 
of such children.
    ``(b) Use of Funds.--Amounts provided through a grant under this 
section shall be used to--
            ``(1) fund diaper distribution demonstration projects that 
        will reduce the substantial cost of diapers and diapering 
        supplies by making diapers and diapering supplies available to 
        low-income families;
            ``(2) evaluate the effects of such demonstration projects 
        on mitigating health risks, including diaper dermatitis, 
        urinary tract infections, and increased rates of parental and 
        child depression and anxiety, that can arise when low-income 
        families do not have an adequate supply of diapers for infants 
        and toddlers; and
            ``(3) integrate the diaper distribution demonstration 
        projects with other assistance programs serving families with 
        eligible children.
    ``(c) Application.--An entity desiring a grant under this section 
shall submit to the Secretary an application that includes such 
information as the Secretary may require to ensure a likelihood of 
success in achieving the purposes of the grant listed in subsection 
(b).
    ``(d) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, an entity shall be--
            ``(1) a State or local governmental entity;
            ``(2) an Indian tribe or tribal organization (as defined in 
        section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
        Assistance Act); or
            ``(3) a nonprofit organization as described in section 
        501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from 
        taxation under section 501(a) of such Code.
    ``(e) No Effect on Other Programs.--Any assistance or benefits 
provided to a family pursuant to a grant under this section shall be 
disregarded for purposes of determining the family's eligibility for, 
or amount of, benefits under--
            ``(1) any other Federal need-based program; or
            ``(2) in the case of a grant under this section to a State, 
        any State-funded, need-based program that is financed in whole 
        or in part with Federal funds.
    ``(f) Reports.--As a condition of receiving a grant under this 
section for a fiscal year, an entity shall submit to the Secretary, not 
later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year, a report that 
specifies--
            ``(1) the number of children and the number of families 
        receiving assistance under the diaper distribution 
        demonstration projects funded through such grant for each month 
        of the fiscal year;
            ``(2) the number of diapers, and the number of each type of 
        diapering supply distributed through such projects for each 
        month of the fiscal year;
            ``(3) the method or methods the entity uses to distribute 
        diapers and diapering supplies through such projects; and
            ``(4) such other information as the Secretary may require.
    ``(g) Evaluation.--The Secretary, in consultation with each entity 
that receives a grant under this section, shall--
            ``(1) not later than September 30, 2019--
                    ``(A) complete an evaluation of the effectiveness 
                of the diaper distribution demonstration projects 
                carried out pursuant to this section;
                    ``(B) submit to the relevant congressional 
                committees a report on the results of such evaluation; 
                and
                    ``(C) publish the results of the evaluation on the 
                Internet Web site of the Department of Health and Human 
                Services; and
            ``(2)(A) not later than September 30, 2022, update the 
        evaluation described in paragraph (1)(A); and
            ``(B) not later than 90 days after completion of the 
        updated evaluation under subparagraph (B)--
                    ``(i) submit to the relevant congressional 
                committees a report describing the results of such 
                evaluation; and
                    ``(ii) update the Web site described in paragraph 
                (1)(C) to include the results of such evaluation.
    ``(h) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) The term `diaper' means an absorbent garment that is 
        washable or disposable that is worn by a child who is not 
        toilet-trained.
            ``(2) The term `diapering supplies' means items, including 
        diaper wipes and diaper cream, necessary to ensure that a child 
        using a diaper is properly cleaned and protected from diaper 
        rash.
            ``(3) The term `eligible child' means a child who--
                    ``(A) is not toilet-trained;
                    ``(B) has not attained 4 years of age, unless the 
                entity determines that the child has a substantial 
                physical or mental impairment that requires the child 
                to wear diapers; and
                    ``(C) is a member of a family whose income is not 
                more than 130 percent of the poverty line (as defined 
                by the Office of Management and Budget, and revised 
                annually in accordance with section 673(2) of the 
                Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981) applicable 
                to a family of the size involved.
            ``(4) The term `toilet-trained' means able and willing to 
        use a toilet consistently such that diapers are not necessary 
        on a daily basis.
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--To carry out this section, there is 
        authorized to be appropriated for each of fiscal years 2018 
        through 2022, $25,000,000.
            ``(2) Availability of funds.--Funds provided to an entity 
        under this section for a fiscal year may be expended only in 
        the fiscal year or the succeeding fiscal year.''.

SEC. 4006. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Environmental injustice exists whenever governmental 
        action or inaction causes environmental risks or harms to fall 
        unfairly and disproportionately upon a particular group or 
        community.
            (2) Racial minority, low-income, rural, indigenous, and 
        other often-marginalized communities are especially likely to 
        face environmental injustice.
            (3) Limited resources and lack of political power ensure 
        that marginalized communities host pollution-producing or 
        potentially toxic facilities, including power plants, 
        pipelines, industrial sites, garbage transfer stations, 
        incinerators, landfills, and sewage treatment plants, at 
        disproportionate rates.
            (4) Marginalized communities suffer from systemic 
        governmental failures to adequately invest in the kind of 
        infrastructure and services that reduce the risk of 
        environmental accidents or disasters, and that facilitate 
        swift, effective responses to such occurrences.
            (5) The presence of pollution-producing sites can 
        compromise public health, safety, property values, and quality 
        of life even if no accident or disaster occurs.
            (6) Air and water quality are often especially poor in 
        marginalized communities, and governmental permitting and 
        investment decisions directly contribute to this inequity.
            (7) Scientific evidence increasingly links poor 
        environmental quality with disabilities and chronic illnesses, 
        including cancer, asthma, neurobehavioral disorders, learning 
        disabilities, and abnormal hormone functioning.
            (8) Environmental justice exists when public policies 
        successfully prevent or correct unfair disparities in 
        environmental quality, and resultant disparities in public 
        health and quality of life.
            (9) Environmental justice is possible only if vulnerable 
        groups and marginalized communities can express their needs and 
        concerns, and only then if policymakers listen.
            (10) The environmental justice movement seeks to address 
        the unjust social, economic, and political marginalization of 
        minority, low-income, rural, and indigenous communities.
            (11) Environmental justice advocates seek healthy home, 
        work, and recreational environments for all human beings, and 
        healthy habitats for non-human life.
            (12) Community health depends in part upon factors like 
        adequate transit options, walkable neighborhoods, and other 
        public goods that marginalized communities are often denied.
            (13) Environmental justice requires responsible and 
        balanced use of land and resources, in a way that does not 
        unfairly burden marginalized communities.
            (14) Environmental justice can only be achieved and 
        sustained in the context of a greener economy.
            (15) ``Greening'' the economy requires concrete 
        governmental actions, including investments in clean 
        technologies; in sustainable, low-carbon transportation and 
        energy production systems; and in workforce training 
        initiatives that prepare citizens for well-paying jobs in new 
        or evolving industries.
            (16) Environmental justice requires fair processes and a 
        good-faith approach to public policy, including regulatory 
        decision making.
            (17) In the 1990s, in response to the environmental justice 
        movement, Federal agencies were directed to incorporate 
        environmental justice goals into their programs and activities.
            (18) Vulnerable populations and marginalized communities 
        continue urgently to need fairer environmental policies, and 
        more inclusive and equitable processes.
            (19) All Americans would be better served by a policymaking 
        process that did not unfairly prioritize the comfort and health 
        of some groups or communities at the expense of others.
            (20) Clean air, clean water, resource conservation, and 
        other policy goals that spurred lawmakers to enact existing 
        environmental and public health protections are vitally 
        important.
            (21) The need for adequate environmental and public health 
        protections is inextricably linked with the need for a more 
        sustainable economy and greener, more livable communities.
            (22) Environmental and public health policies should 
        adequately and equally protect all Americans, and that equal 
        protection is possible only in a context of environmental 
        justice.
            (23) Environmental justice advocates are commendable for 
        their continuing struggle to achieve fairer, healthier, more 
        sustainable policies and outcomes.
            (24) There is a prevalence of environmental injustices that 
        directly affect the health and well-being of individuals and 
        communities across the country, especially racial minority, 
        rural, indigenous, and low-income communities.
            (25) Congress should commit to ameliorating existing 
        environmental injustices, and to preventing future injustices, 
        by supporting greater objectivity, transparency, and outreach 
        in policymaking at all levels of government; by supporting 
        improved two-way communication between policymakers and those 
        affected by their decisions; and by supporting processes that 
        ensure policymakers give due consideration not just to the 
        effects of their decisions, but to how those effects are 
        distributed and by whom they are borne.

SEC. 4007. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Endometrial cancer is cancer of the lining of the 
        uterus (or endometrium) and is the most common form of uterine 
        cancer.
            (2) Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer 
        diagnosed in women, after breast, lung, and colon cancer.
            (3) Endometrial cancer mainly affects postmenopausal women, 
        with most women diagnosed between age 55 and 64.
            (4) Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an 
        increased risk of developing endometrial cancer.
            (5) Unlike most other types of cancer, the incidence of 
        endometrial cancer, particularly aggressive subtypes of such 
        cancer, has been increasing in the United States among all 
        women, particularly among African-American and Asian women, 
        with a 2.5 annual percent change for both groups.
            (6) In comparison to non-Hispanic White women, African-
        American women have significantly higher incidence rates of 
        aggressive endometrial cancers.
            (7) Such incidence rates for Hispanic and Asian women are 
        equal to or lower than such incidence rates for non-Hispanic 
        White women.
            (8) Although non-Hispanic White women are more likely to be 
        diagnosed with endometrial cancer in comparison to African-
        American women, the rate of mortality is higher for African-
        American women.
            (9) Currently, the cause of such disparity is unknown. 
        Researchers have studied the disparity in relation to the time 
        between diagnosis and treatment of endometrial cancer, 
        including socioeconomic factors.

SEC. 4008. EXPANDING RESEARCH AND EDUCATION WITH RESPECT TO ENDOMETRIAL 
              CANCER.

    (a) National Institutes of Health.--Part B of title IV of the 
Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 409K. ENDOMETRIAL CANCER.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director of NIH shall--
            ``(1) expand, intensify, and coordinate programs to conduct 
        and support research with respect to endometrial cancer; and
            ``(2) communicate to medical professionals and researchers, 
        including through the endometrial cancer public education 
        program established under section 399V-7, the disparity in the 
        diagnosis of endometrial cancer between African-American women 
        and non-Hispanic White women and any new research relating to 
        endometrial cancer.
    ``(b) Coordination With Other Institutes.--The Director of NIH 
shall coordinate activities carried out by the Director pursuant to 
subsection (a) with similar activities carried out by--
            ``(1) the Director of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National 
        Institute of Child Health and Human Development;
            ``(2) the Director of the National Institute on Minority 
        Health and Health Disparities; and
            ``(3) the Director of the Office of Research on Women's 
        Health.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--For purposes of carrying 
out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated $500,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2019 through 2021.''.
    (b) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.--Part P of title 
III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280g et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 399V-7. ENDOMETRIAL CANCER PUBLIC EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director of 
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall develop and 
disseminate to the public informational materials on endometrial 
cancer, including the incidence rate of such cancer, the risk factors 
for developing such cancer, the increased risk for ethnic minority 
women to develop such cancer, and the range of available treatments for 
such cancer. Any informational material developed pursuant to the 
previous sentence may be transmitted to a nonprofit organization; 
institution of higher education; Federal, State, or local agency; or 
media entity for purposes of disseminating such material to the public.
    ``(b) Consultation.--In developing and disseminating informational 
materials under subsection (a), the Director of the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention shall consult with the Administrator of the 
Health Resources and Services Administration.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--For purposes of carrying 
out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated such sums as 
may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2021.''.

                        TITLE V--SMALL BUSINESS

SEC. 5001. DIRECT LOANS TO SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS.

    (a) In General.--From amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection 
(e), the Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall 
establish a program to make direct loans to small business concerns (as 
defined under section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632)).
    (b) Amount.--Loans made under this section shall be in an amount 
not greater than the lesser of--
            (1) 5 percent of the annual revenue of the small business 
        concern requesting the loan; or
            (2) $250,000.
    (c) Interest Rate.--The interest rate on a loan made under this 
section shall be equal to the discount window primary credit interest 
rate most recently published on the Federal Reserve Statistical Release 
on selected interest rates (daily or weekly), commonly referred to as 
the H.15 release.
    (d) Report.--The Administrator of the Small Business Administration 
shall submit a report to Congress on the implementation and results of 
the program established under this section.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 to 2022.

SEC. 5002. PILOT PROGRAM TO FUND LOCAL INCUBATORS.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Commerce shall establish a 
competitive program to make grants to States and political subdivisions 
of States to partner with local incubators in order to provide start-
ups with workspace and other resources for use in developing their 
businesses.
    (b) Eligibility.--The Secretary may only award a grant under this 
section to a State or political subdivision of a State that submits an 
application at such time, in such form, and with such information and 
assurances as the Secretary may require, including an identification of 
one or more incubators with which the State or political subdivision 
will partner in implementing the grant.
    (c) Limitations.--
            (1) One grant per state or political subdivision.--A State 
        or political subdivision of a State may not receive more than 
        one grant under this section. For purposes of the preceding 
        sentence, a grant received by a State shall not be considered 
        to be received by a political subdivision of the State, and a 
        grant received by a political subdivision of a State shall not 
        be considered to be received by the State.
            (2) Amount of grant.--A grant awarded under this section 
        may not exceed $500,000.
    (d) Use of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--A State or political subdivision of a 
        State that receives a grant under this section shall use grant 
        funds to partner with one or more incubators located within the 
        territory of such State or political subdivision in order to 
        provide start-ups with workspace and other resources for use in 
        developing their businesses. The partnership may take such form 
        as the Secretary considers appropriate, including one or more 
        subgrants from the State or political subdivision to the 
        incubator or incubators.
            (2) Specific expenses included.--Grant funds may be used 
        for any expense incurred in order to provide start-ups with 
        workspace and other resources for use in developing their 
        businesses, including--
                    (A) purchase or rental of land;
                    (B) modification of buildings;
                    (C) charges for utility services or broadband 
                service;
                    (D) fees of consultants for the provision of 
                technical or professional assistance;
                    (E) costs of promoting the incubator or incubators; 
                and
                    (F) any other such expense that the Secretary 
                considers appropriate.
    (e) Matching Requirement.--A State or political subdivision of a 
State may not partner with an incubator (or group of incubators) in 
implementing a grant under this section unless the incubator (or group 
of incubators) agrees that, with respect to the expenses to be incurred 
in carrying out activities within the scope of the partnership, the 
incubator (or group of incubators) will make available from private 
funds contributions in an amount equal to not less than 50 percent of 
the amount made available by the State or political subdivision from 
grant funds under this section.
    (f) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the end of 
fiscal year 2021, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on 
the results achieved by the grant program established under this 
section. Such report shall include recommendations of the Secretary 
with respect to extending, expanding, or improving the program.
    (g) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Incubator.--The term ``incubator'' means a private-
        sector entity that--
                    (A) provides start-ups with workspace and other 
                resources (such as utilities, broadband service, and 
                technical or professional assistance) for use in 
                developing their businesses; and
                    (B) may charge start-ups a reasonable fee for such 
                resources.
            (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (3) Start-up.--The term ``start-up'' means any business 
        entity (including an individual operating an unincorporated 
        business) that, as of the time the entity receives resources 
        from an incubator--
                    (A) has been in operation for not more than 5 
                years;
                    (B) has not more than 5 employees; and
                    (C) for the most recently completed fiscal year of 
                the entity (if any) and any preceding fiscal year, has 
                annual gross revenues of less than $150,000.
            (4) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, 
        or possession of the United States, and each federally 
        recognized Indian tribe.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $5,000,000, of 
which not more than 5 percent shall be available for the costs of 
administering the grant program established under this section, for 
each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2022.

SEC. 5003. FUNDING FOR ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT STARTUP BUSINESSES.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) startups face common challenges as they seek to 
        transform their ideas into successful, high-growth businesses;
            (2) incubators and accelerators are new models of growth 
        that drive innovation by connecting entrepreneurial individuals 
        and teams to create viable business ventures and social 
        initiatives;
            (3) startups have contributed greatly to the United States 
        economy, with research showing that between 1982 and 2011, 
        businesses 5 years or younger were responsible for nearly every 
        net new job created;
            (4) incubators and accelerators support promising startups 
        through partnerships, mentoring, and resources connecting them 
        with seasoned entrepreneurs;
            (5) the goal of an incubator or an accelerator is to help 
        create and grow young businesses by providing them with 
        necessary financial, technical, and industry support and 
        financial and technical services; and
            (6) startups offer unique opportunities for growth and 
        development for women, minority, and veterans to become 
        successful entrepreneurs and leaders in new and developed 
        fields.
    (b) Funding for Organizations That Support Startup Businesses.--The 
Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 631 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 47 (15 U.S.C. 631 note) as 
        section 48; and
            (2) by inserting after section 46 the following:

``SEC. 47. FUNDING FOR ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT STARTUP BUSINESSES.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `accelerator' means an organization that--
                    ``(A) frequently provides, but is not exclusively 
                designed to provide, seed investment in exchange for a 
                small amount of equity;
                    ``(B) works with a startup for a predetermined 
                amount of time;
                    ``(C) provides mentorship and instruction to scale 
                businesses; or
                    ``(D) offers startup capital or the opportunity to 
                raise capital from outside investors;
            ``(2) the term `eligible entity' means an organization--
                    ``(A) that is located in the United States;
                    ``(B) the primary purpose of which is to support 
                new small business concerns; and
                    ``(C) that is often classified as an accelerator;
            ``(3) the term `new small business concern' means a small 
        business concern that has been in operation for not more than 5 
        years;
            ``(4) the term `small business concern owned and controlled 
        by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 8(d)(3)(C); and
            ``(5) the term `State' means any State of the United 
        States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
        Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.
    ``(b) Funding.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Administrator shall develop and 
        begin implementing a program to award cash prizes or grants of 
        not more than $50,000 to eligible entities to support new small 
        business concerns.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--A prize or grant under this section--
                    ``(A) may be used for construction costs, space 
                acquisition, and programmatic purposes; and
                    ``(B) may not be used to provide capital or 
                professional services to new small business concerns 
                directly or through the subaward of funds.
            ``(3) Disbursal of funds.--In disbursing funds under this 
        section, the Administrator may use incremental or scheduled 
        payments.
    ``(c) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity desiring a prize or 
        grant under this section shall demonstrate that the eligible 
        entity will use the prize or grant to provide assistance to not 
        less than 10 new small business concerns per year.
            ``(2) Requirements.--In soliciting applications and 
        awarding prizes or grants to eligible entities under this 
        section, the Administrator shall employ a streamlined and 
        inclusive approach that--
                    ``(A) widely publicizes funding opportunities to a 
                broad audience;
                    ``(B) utilizes an easily accessible submission 
                process or platform;
                    ``(C) does not mandate the use of forms, detailed 
                budgets, supporting documentation, or written 
                submissions or impose other burdensome requirements;
                    ``(D) focuses on solution-based approaches and 
                results-based outcomes;
                    ``(E) encourages innovation; and
                    ``(F) allows proposals or pitches to be presented 
                using various formats or media.
    ``(d) Criteria.--The Administrator shall establish criteria for a 
prize or grant under this section that shall give priority to eligible 
entities that are providing or plan to provide to new small business 
concerns--
            ``(1) office, manufacturing, or warehouse space, including 
        appropriate operations infrastructure;
            ``(2) access to capital either directly from the eligible 
        entity (using amounts other than the amounts provided under the 
        prize or grant) or through guidance and contacts for acquiring 
        capital from outside investors;
            ``(3) access to professional services either directly from 
        the eligible entity (using amounts other than the amounts 
        provided under the prize or grant) or through guidance and 
        contacts for acquiring professional services, including 
        accounting and legal services; or
            ``(4) a formal structured mentorship or developmental 
        program that assists new small business concerns with building 
        business skills and competencies.
    ``(e) Considerations in Choosing Recipients.--In determining 
whether to award a prize or grant under this section to an eligible 
entity, the Administrator shall take into account--
            ``(1) for eligible entities that have in operation a 
        program to support new small business concerns, the record of 
        the eligible entity in assisting new small business concerns, 
        including, for each of the 3 full years before the date on 
        which the eligible entity applies for a prize or grant under 
        this section--
                    ``(A) the retention rate of new small business 
                concerns in the program of the eligible entity;
                    ``(B) the average period of participation by new 
                small business concerns in the program of the eligible 
                entity;
                    ``(C) the total, average, and median capital raised 
                by new small business concerns participating in the 
                program of the eligible entity; and
                    ``(D) the total, average, and median number of 
                employees of new small business concerns participating 
                in the program of the eligible entity;
            ``(2) for all eligible entities--
                    ``(A) the number of new small business concerns 
                assisted or anticipated to be assisted by the eligible 
                entity;
                    ``(B) the number of new small business concerns 
                applying or anticipated to apply for assistance from 
                the eligible entity;
                    ``(C) whether the program of the eligible entity 
                provides or would provide assistance to individuals in 
                gender, racial, or ethnic groups underrepresented by 
                existing programs to assist new small business 
                concerns; and
                    ``(D) other metrics determined appropriate by the 
                Administrator;
            ``(3) the need in the geographic area to be served by the 
        program to be carried out using the prize or grant for 
        additional assistance for new small business concerns, if the 
        area has sufficient population density, as determined by the 
        Administrator;
            ``(4) the level of experience of the entrepreneurial 
        leadership of the eligible entity;
            ``(5) the ability of the eligible entity to use and 
        leverage local strengths, including human resources, 
        infrastructure, and educational institutions; and
            ``(6) the desire to promote diversity in entrepreneurship 
        by ensuring that not less than 50 percent of prizes or grants 
        shall be awarded annually to--
                    ``(A) accelerators located in geographically 
                underserved areas; or
                    ``(B) accelerators serving--
                            ``(i) Native Americans;
                            ``(ii) small business concerns owned and 
                        controlled by socially and economically 
                        disadvantaged individuals;
                            ``(iii) individuals participating in the 
                        Transition Assistance Program of the Department 
                        of Defense;
                            ``(iv) individuals who--
                                    ``(I) served on active duty in any 
                                branch of the Armed Forces, including 
                                the National Guard and Reserves; and
                                    ``(II) were discharged or released 
                                from such service under conditions 
                                other than dishonorable;
                            ``(v) individuals with disabilities;
                            ``(vi) women; and
                            ``(vii) formerly incarcerated individuals.
    ``(f) Matching Nonpublic Funding Requirement.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity receiving a prize or 
        grant under this section shall obtain funds from a private 
        individual or entity (including a for-profit or nonprofit 
        entity) that are--
                    ``(A) for the same purposes as a prize or grant may 
                be made under this section;
                    ``(B) used to carry out the program of the eligible 
                entity carried out using the prize or grant under this 
                section; and
                    ``(C) in an amount that is not to be less than 50 
                percent of the amount of the prize or grant under this 
                section.
            ``(2) Form of non-federal share.--Not more than 25 percent 
        of the funds obtained under paragraph (1) may be in the form of 
        in-kind contributions.
    ``(g) Consequences of Failure To Abide by Terms and Conditions of 
Prize or Grant Requirements of This Section.--The Administrator shall 
notify each eligible entity receiving a prize or grant under this 
section that failure to abide by the terms and conditions of the prize 
or grant or the requirements of this section may, in the discretion of 
the Administrator and in addition to any other civil or criminal 
consequences, result in the Administrator withholding payments or 
ordering the eligible entity to return the prize or grant funds.
    ``(h) Annual Progress Reporting by Recipients of Prize or Grant.--
Each eligible entity receiving a prize or grant under this section 
shall submit to the Administrator an annual report on the progress of 
the program carried out using the amounts received under the prize or 
grant, including--
            ``(1) the number of new small business concerns 
        participating in the program during each of the previous 3 
        years;
            ``(2) the number of new small business concerns applying to 
        participate in the program during each of the previous 3 years;
            ``(3) the retention rate of new small business concerns in 
        the program;
            ``(4) the average period of participation in the program by 
        new small business concerns;
            ``(5) the total, average, and median capital raised by new 
        small business concerns participating in the program;
            ``(6) the total, average, and median number of employees of 
        new small business concerns participating in the program;
            ``(7) the number of new small business concerns owned and 
        controlled by--
                    ``(A) Native Americans;
                    ``(B) socially and economically disadvantaged 
                individuals;
                    ``(C) individuals participating in the Transition 
                Assistance Program of the Department of Defense;
                    ``(D) individuals who--
                            ``(i) served on active duty in any branch 
                        of the Armed Forces, including the National 
                        Guard and Reserves; and
                            ``(ii) were discharged or released from 
                        such service under conditions other than 
                        dishonorable;
                    ``(E) women; and
                    ``(F) formerly incarcerated individuals; and
            ``(8) other metrics determined appropriate by the 
        Administrator.
    ``(i) Report to Congress.--The Administrator shall submit to 
Congress an annual report on the program under this section, which 
shall include an assessment of the effectiveness of the program, 
including an assessment based on the metrics listed in subsection (h).
    ``(j) Coordination With Other Small Business Administration 
Programs.--The Administrator shall take appropriate action to encourage 
eligible entities receiving a prize or grant under this section to use 
and incorporate other programs of the Administration, such as small 
business development centers, small business investment companies, 
loans under section 7(a), and assistance under title V of the Small 
Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 695 et seq.).
    ``(k) Coordination With the Department of Veterans Affairs.--In 
consultation with the Secretary of Veteran Affairs, the Administrator 
shall make available outreach materials regarding the opportunities for 
veterans within the program under this section for distribution and 
display at local facilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
    ``(l) Listing on Website.--The Administrator shall include a list 
of eligible entities receiving a prize or grant under this section on 
the website of the Administration.
    ``(m) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $6,000,000 for each of the first 
5 fiscal years beginning after the date of enactment of this 
section.''.

SEC. 5004. EXPANDING BROADCAST OWNERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES.

    (a) FCC Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Biennial report containing recommendations for 
        increasing number of minority- and women-owned broadcast 
        stations.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than every 2 
        years thereafter, the Commission shall submit to Congress a 
        report containing recommendations for how to increase the total 
        number of broadcast stations that are owned or controlled by 
        members of minority groups or women, or by both members of 
        minority groups and women.
            (2) Biennial report on number of minority- and women-owned 
        broadcast stations.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than every 2 
        years thereafter, the Commission shall submit to Congress a 
        report that states the total number of broadcast stations that 
        are owned or controlled by members of minority groups or women, 
        or by both members of minority groups and women, based on data 
        reported to the Commission on Form 323.
    (b) Tax Certificate Program for Broadcast Station Transactions 
Furthering Ownership by Socially and Economically Disadvantaged 
Individuals.--
            (1) Requirements for issuance of certificate by fcc.--
                    (A) In general.--Part I of title III of the 
                Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) is 
                amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 344. TAX CERTIFICATE PROGRAM FOR BROADCAST STATION TRANSACTIONS 
              FURTHERING OWNERSHIP BY SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY 
              DISADVANTAGED INDIVIDUALS.

    ``(a) Issuance of Certificate by Commission.--Upon application by a 
person who engages in a sale of an interest in a broadcast station 
described in subsection (b), subject to the rules adopted by the 
Commission under subsection (c), the Commission shall issue to such 
person a certificate stating that such sale meets the requirements of 
this section.
    ``(b) Sales Described.--The sales described in this subsection are 
the following:
            ``(1) Sale resulting in ownership by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals.--A sale--
                    ``(A) of an interest in a broadcast station that, 
                before such sale, is not owned by socially and 
                economically disadvantaged individuals; and
                    ``(B) that results in the station being owned by 
                socially and economically disadvantaged individuals.
            ``(2) Sale by investor in station owned by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals.--In the case of a 
        person who has contributed capital in exchange for an interest 
        in a broadcast station that is owned by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals, a sale by such person 
        of some or all of such interest.
    ``(c) Rules.--The Commission shall adopt rules for the issuance of 
a certificate under subsection (a) that provide for the following:
            ``(1) Limit on value of sale.--A limit on the value of an 
        interest the sale of which qualifies for the issuance of such a 
        certificate.
            ``(2) Minimum holding period.--In the case of a sale 
        described in subsection (b)(1), a minimum period following the 
        sale during which the broadcast station must remain owned by 
        socially and economically disadvantaged individuals.
            ``(3) Cumulative limit on number or value of sales.--A 
        limit on the total number of sales or the total value of sales, 
        or both, for which a person may be issued certificates under 
        subsection (a).
            ``(4) Participation in station management by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals.--Requirements for 
        participation by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals in the management of the broadcast station.
    ``(d) Annual Report to Congress.--The Commission shall submit to 
Congress an annual report describing the sales for which certificates 
have been issued under subsection (a) during the period covered by the 
report.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Owned by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals.--The term `owned by socially and economically 
        disadvantaged individuals' means, with respect to a broadcast 
        station, that--
                    ``(A) such station is at least 51 percent owned by 
                one or more socially and economically disadvantaged 
                individuals, or, in the case of any publicly owned 
                broadcast station, at least 51 percent of the stock of 
                such station is owned by one or more socially and 
                economically disadvantaged individuals; and
                    ``(B) the management and daily business operations 
                of such station are controlled by one or more of such 
                individuals.
            ``(2) Socially and economically disadvantaged individual.--
        The term `socially and economically disadvantaged individual' 
        means an individual who is socially and economically 
        disadvantaged. The Commission shall presume that socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals include--
                    ``(A) Black Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native 
                Americans, Asian Pacific Americans, and other 
                minorities; and
                    ``(B) women.
            ``(3) Socially disadvantaged individual.--The term 
        `socially disadvantaged individual' means an individual who has 
        been subjected to racial or ethnic prejudice or cultural bias 
        because of the identity of the individual as a member of a 
        group without regard to the individual qualities of the 
        individual.
            ``(4) Economically disadvantaged individual.--The term 
        `economically disadvantaged individual' means a socially 
        disadvantaged individual whose ability to compete in the free 
        enterprise system has been impaired due to diminished capital 
        and credit opportunities as compared to others in the same 
        business area who are not socially disadvantaged. In 
        determining the degree of diminished credit and capital 
        opportunities, the Commission shall consider, but not be 
        limited to, the assets and net worth of such socially 
        disadvantaged individual.''.
                    (B) Deadline for adoption of rules.--The Commission 
                shall adopt rules to implement section 344 of the 
                Communications Act of 1934, as added by subparagraph 
                (A), not later than 1 year after the date of the 
                enactment of this Act.
                    (C) Report to congress on program expansion.--Not 
                later than 6 years after the date of the enactment of 
                this Act, the Commission shall submit to Congress a 
                report regarding whether Congress should expand section 
                344 of the Communications Act of 1934, as added by 
                subparagraph (A), beyond broadcast stations to cover 
                other entities regulated by the Commission.
                    (D) Report to congress on nexus between diversity 
                of ownership and diversity of viewpoint.--Not later 
                than 6 years after the date of the enactment of this 
                Act, and not less frequently than every 5 years 
                thereafter until the amendments made by this section 
                cease to apply in accordance with paragraph (4), the 
                Commission shall submit to Congress a report, including 
                supporting data, on whether there is a nexus between 
                diversity of ownership or control of broadcast stations 
                (including ownership or control by members of minority 
                groups or women, or by both members of minority groups 
                and women) and diversity of the viewpoints expressed in 
                the matter broadcast by broadcast stations.
            (2) Nonrecognition of gain or loss for tax purposes.--
                    (A) In general.--Subchapter O of chapter 1 of the 
                Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting 
                after part IV the following new part:

       ``PART V--SALE OF INTEREST IN CERTAIN BROADCAST STATIONS.

``SEC. 1071. NONRECOGNITION OF GAIN OR LOSS FROM SALE OF INTEREST IN 
              CERTAIN BROADCAST STATIONS.

    ``(a) Nonrecognition of Gain or Loss.--If a sale of an interest in 
a broadcast station, within the meaning of section 344 of the 
Communications Act of 1934, is certified by the Federal Communications 
Commission under such section, such sale shall, if the taxpayer so 
elects, be treated as an involuntary conversion of such property within 
the meaning of section 1033. For purposes of such section as made 
applicable by the provisions of this section, stock of a corporation 
operating a broadcast station shall be treated as property similar or 
related in service or use to the property so converted. The part of the 
gain, if any, on such sale to which section 1033 is not applied shall 
nevertheless not be recognized, if the taxpayer so elects, to the 
extent that it is applied to reduce the basis for determining gain or 
loss on any such sale, of a character subject to the allowance for 
depreciation under section 167, remaining in the hands of the taxpayer 
immediately after the sale, or acquired in the same taxable year. The 
manner and amount of such reduction shall be determined under 
regulations prescribed by the Secretary. Any election made by the 
taxpayer under this section shall be made by a statement to that effect 
in his return for the taxable year in which the sale takes place, and 
such election shall be binding for the taxable year and all subsequent 
taxable years.
    ``(b) Minimum Holding Period; Continued Management.--If--
            ``(1) there is nonrecognition of gain or loss to a taxpayer 
        under this section with respect to a sale of property 
        (determined without regard to this paragraph), and
            ``(2) the taxpayer ceases to fulfill any requirements of 
        the rules adopted by the Federal Communications Commission 
        under paragraph (2) or (4) of section 344(c) of the 
        Communications Act of 1934 (as such rules are in effect on the 
        date of such sale),
there shall be no nonrecognition of gain or loss under this section to 
the taxpayer with respect to such sale, except that any gain or loss 
recognized by the taxpayer by reason of this subsection shall be taken 
into account as of the date on which the taxpayer so ceases to fulfill 
such requirements.
    ``(c) Basis.--For basis of property acquired on a sale treated as 
an involuntary conversion under subsection (a), see section 1033(b).''.
                    (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of parts for 
                subchapter O of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code 
                of 1986 is amended by inserting after the item related 
                to part IV the following new part:

        ``Part V--Sale of Interest in Certain Broadcast Stations

``Section 1071. Nonrecognition of gain or loss from sale of interest in 
                            certain broadcast stations.''.
            (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall apply with respect to sales of interests in broadcast 
        stations after the date that is 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.
            (4) Sunset.--The amendments made by this subsection shall 
        not apply with respect to sales of interests in broadcast 
        stations after the date that is 16 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.
    (c) Incubator Pilot Program.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Commission shall establish a 
        program under which the Commission may grant a waiver of 
        paragraph (a) or (b) of section 73.3555 of title 47, Code of 
        Federal Regulations, to a licensee of a broadcast station to 
        enable the licensee to acquire an interest that would otherwise 
        be prohibited by such paragraph in a broadcast station that is 
        owned by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals.
            (2) Report to congress.--The Commission shall submit to 
        Congress a report on the effectiveness of the program 
        established under paragraph (1) not later than the date that is 
        4 years after the date on which the Commission establishes the 
        program under such paragraph.
            (3) Sunset.--The Commission may not grant a waiver under 
        paragraph (1) after the date that is 5 years after the date on 
        which the Commission establishes the program under such 
        paragraph.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Broadcast station.--The term ``broadcast station'' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 3 of the Communications 
        Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 153).
            (2) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Federal 
        Communications Commission.
            (3) Owned by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals.--The term ``owned by socially and economically 
        disadvantaged individuals'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 344 of the Communications Act of 1934, as added by 
        subsection (b).

SEC. 5005. PERMANENT INCREASE OF LIMITATION ON DEDUCTION FOR START-UP 
              AND ORGANIZATIONAL EXPENDITURES.

    (a) Start-Up Expenditures.--
            (1) In general.--Section 195(b)(1)(A)(ii) of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986 is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``$5,000'' and inserting 
                ``$15,000'', and
                    (B) by striking ``$50,000'' and inserting 
                ``$150,000''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 195(b) of such Code is 
        amended by striking paragraph (3).
    (b) Organizational Expenditures.--Section 248(a)(1)(B) of such Code 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``$5,000'' and inserting ``$10,000'', and
            (2) by striking ``$50,000'' and inserting ``$60,000''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to amounts paid or incurred with respect to--
            (1) in the case of the amendments made by subsection (a), 
        trades or businesses beginning in taxable years beginning after 
        December 31, 2016, and
            (2) in the case of the amendments made by subsection (b), 
        corporations the business of which begins in taxable years 
        beginning after such date.

SEC. 5006. VETERAN SMALL BUSINESS START-UP CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end 
the following new section:

``SEC. 45V. VETERAN SMALL BUSINESS START-UP CREDIT.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of section 38, in the case of an 
applicable veteran-owned business which elects the application of this 
section, the veteran small business start-up credit determined under 
this section for any taxable year is an amount equal to 15 percent of 
so much of the qualified start-up expenditures of the taxpayer as does 
not exceed $80,000.
    ``(b) Applicable Veteran-Owned Small Business.--For purposes of 
this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `applicable veteran-owned small 
        business' means a small business owned and controlled by one or 
        more veterans or spouses of veterans and the principal place of 
        business of which is in an underserved community.
            ``(2) Ownership and control.--The term `owned and 
        controlled' means--
                    ``(A) management and operation of the daily 
                business, and--
                    ``(B)(i) in the case of a sole proprietorship, sole 
                ownership,
                    ``(ii) in the case of a corporation, ownership (by 
                vote or value) of not less than 51 percent of the stock 
                in such corporation, or
                    ``(iii) in the case of a partnership or joint 
                venture, ownership of not less than 51 percent of the 
                profits interests or capital interests in such 
                partnership or joint venture.
            ``(3) Small business.--The term `small business' means, 
        with respect to any taxable year, any person engaged in a trade 
        or business in the United States if--
                    ``(A) the gross receipts of such person for the 
                preceding taxable year did not exceed $5,000,000, or
                    ``(B) in the case of a person to which subparagraph 
                (A) does not apply, such person employed not more than 
                100 full-time employees during the preceding taxable 
                year.
        For purposes of subparagraph (B), an employee shall be 
        considered full-time if such employee is employed at least 30 
        hours per week for 20 or more calendar weeks in the taxable 
        year.
            ``(4) Underserved community.--The term `underserved 
        community' means any area located within--
                    ``(A) a HUBZone (as defined in section 3(p) of the 
                Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632(p))),
                    ``(B) an empowerment zone, or enterprise community, 
                designated under section 1391 (and without regard to 
                whether or not such designation remains in effect),
                    ``(C) an area of low income or moderate income (as 
                recognized by the Federal Financial Institutions 
                Examination Council), or
                    ``(D) a county with persistent poverty (as 
                classified by the Economic Research Service of the 
                Department of Agriculture).
            ``(5) Veteran or spouse of veteran.--The term `veteran or 
        spouse of a veteran' has the meaning given such term by section 
        7(a)(31)(G)(iii) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
        636(a)(31)(G)(iii)).
    ``(c) Qualified Start-Up Expenditures.--For purposes of this 
section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `qualified start-up 
        expenditures' means--
                    ``(A) any start-up expenditures (as defined in 
                section 195(c)), or
                    ``(B) any amounts paid or incurred during the 
                taxable year for the purchase or lease of real 
                property, or the purchase of personal property, placed 
                in service during the taxable year and used in the 
                active conduct of a trade or business.
    ``(d) Special Rules.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) Year of election.--The taxpayer may elect the 
        application of this section only for the first 2 taxable years 
        for which ordinary and necessary expenses paid or incurred in 
        carrying on such trade or business are allowable as a deduction 
        by the taxpayer under section 162.
            ``(2) Controlled groups and common control.--All persons 
        treated as a single employer under subsections (a) and (b) of 
        section 52 shall be treated as 1 person.
            ``(3) No double benefit.--If a credit is determined under 
        this section with respect to any property, the basis of such 
        property shall be reduced by the amount of the credit 
        attributable to such property.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart D of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding 
at the end the following new item:

``Sec. 45V. Veteran small business start-up credit.''.
    (c) Made Part of General Business Credit.--Section 38(b) of such 
Code is amended by striking ``plus'' at the end of paragraph (38), by 
striking the period at the end of paragraph (39) and inserting ``, 
plus'', and by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(40) the veteran small business start-up credit 
        determined under section 45V.''.
    (d) Report by Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration.--
Every fourth year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration shall include in one 
of the semiannual reports under section 5 of the Inspector General Act 
of 1978 with respect to such year, an evaluation of the program under 
section 45V of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this 
section), including an evaluation of the success of, and accountability 
with respect to, such program.
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of 
this Act.

SEC. 5007. INSPECTOR GENERAL REPORT ON PARTICIPATION IN FAA PROGRAMS BY 
              DISADVANTAGED SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS.

    Section 140 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``each of fiscal 
                years 2013 through 2018'' and inserting ``fiscal year 
                2018 and periodically thereafter''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)(A) by striking ``a list'' and 
                inserting ``with respect to the large and medium hub 
                airports in the United States that participate in the 
                airport disadvantaged business enterprise program 
                referenced in subsection (a), a list''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Assessment of Efforts.--The Inspector General shall assess 
the efforts of the Federal Aviation Administration with respect to 
implementing recommendations suggested in reports submitted under 
subsection (c) and shall include in each semiannual report of the 
Inspector General that is submitted to Congress a description of the 
results of such assessment.''.

SEC. 5008. MINORITY AND DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS PARTICIPATION.

    Section 47113 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Secretary shall'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Consistency of information.--The Secretary shall 
        develop and maintain a training program--
                    ``(A) for employees of the Federal Aviation 
                Administration who provide guidance and training to 
                entities that certify whether a small business concern 
                qualifies under this section (and for employees of the 
                other modal administrations of the Department of 
                Transportation who provide similar services); and
                    ``(B) that ensures Federal officials provide 
                consistent communications with respect to certification 
                requirements.
            ``(3) Lists of certifying authorities.--The Secretary shall 
        ensure that each State maintains an accurate list of the 
        certifying authorities in such State for purposes of this 
        section and that the list is--
                    ``(A) updated at least twice each year; and
                    ``(B) made available to the public.'';
            (2) in subsection (e) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Reporting.--The Secretary shall determine, for each 
        fiscal year, the number of individuals who received training 
        under this subsection and shall make such number available to 
        the public on an appropriate website operated by the Secretary. 
        If the Secretary determines, with respect to a fiscal year, 
        that fewer individuals received training under this subsection 
        than in the previous fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to 
        Congress, and make available to the public on an appropriate 
        website operated by the Secretary, a report describing the 
        reasons for the decrease.
            ``(5) Assessment.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this paragraph, and every 2 years thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall assess the training program, including by 
        soliciting feedback from stakeholders, and update the training 
        program as appropriate.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Trend Assessment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, and at least every 2 years 
        thereafter, the Secretary shall study, using information 
        reported by airports, trends in the participation of small 
        business concerns referred to in subsection (b).
            ``(2) Contents.--The study under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    ``(A) an analysis of whether the participation of 
                small business concerns referred to in subsection (b) 
                at reporting airports increased or decreased during the 
                period studied, including for such concerns that were 
                first time participants;
                    ``(B) an analysis of the factors relating to any 
                significant increases or decreases in participation 
                compared to prior years; and
                    ``(C) development of a plan to respond to the 
                results of the study, including development of 
                recommendations for sharing best practices for 
                maintaining or boosting participation.
            ``(3) Reporting.--For each study completed under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary shall submit to Congress, and make available 
        to the program contact at each airport that participates in the 
        airport disadvantaged business enterprise program, a report 
        describing the results of the study.''.

SEC. 5009. PASSENGER FACILITY CHARGES.

    Section 40117(c) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(5) With respect to an application under this subsection that 
relates to an airport that participates in the airport disadvantaged 
business enterprise program referenced in section 140(a) of the FAA 
Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 47113 note), the 
application shall include a detailed description of good faith efforts 
at the airport to contract with disadvantaged business enterprises in 
relation to any project that is a subject of the application and to 
ensure that all small businesses, including those owned by veterans, 
fairly compete for work funded with passenger facility charges.''.

SEC. 5010. ANNUAL TRACKING OF CERTAIN NEW FIRMS AT AIRPORTS WITH A 
              DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISE PROGRAM.

    (a) Tracking Required.--Beginning in fiscal year 2018, and each 
fiscal year thereafter, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration shall require each covered airport to report to the 
Administrator on the number of new disadvantaged business enterprises 
that were awarded a contract or concession during the previous fiscal 
year at the airport.
    (b) Training.--The Administrator shall provide training to 
airports, on an ongoing basis, with respect to compliance with 
subsection (a).
    (c) Reporting.--During the first fiscal year beginning after the 
date of enactment of this Act and every fiscal year thereafter, the 
Administrator shall update dbE-Connect (or any successor online 
reporting system) to include information on the number of new 
disadvantaged business enterprises that were awarded a contract or 
concession during the previous fiscal year at a covered airport.
    (d) Covered Airport Defined.--In this section, the term ``covered 
airport'' means a large or medium hub airport that participates in the 
airport disadvantaged business enterprise program referenced in section 
140(a) of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 47113 
note).

SEC. 5011. AUDITS.

    The inspector general of the Department of Transportation shall 
conduct periodic audits regarding the accuracy of the data on 
disadvantaged business enterprises contained in the Federal Aviation 
Administration's reporting database related to such enterprises or any 
similar or successor online reporting database developed by the 
Administration.

SEC. 5012. PROMPT PAYMENTS.

    (a) Reporting of Complaints.--Not later than 30 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration shall ensure that each airport that participates in the 
Program tracks, and reports to the Administrator, the number of covered 
complaints made in relation to activities at that airport.
    (b) Improving Compliance.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall take actions to 
        assess and improve compliance with prompt payment requirements 
        under part 26 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (2) Contents of assessment.--In carrying out paragraph (1), 
        the Administrator shall assess--
                    (A) whether requirements relating to the inclusion 
                of prompt payment language in contracts are being 
                satisfied;
                    (B) whether and how airports are enforcing prompt 
                payment requirements;
                    (C) the processes by which covered complaints are 
                received and resolved by airports;
                    (D) whether improvements need to be made to--
                            (i) better track covered complaints 
                        received by airports; and
                            (ii) assist the resolution of covered 
                        complaints in a timely manner;
                    (E) the effectiveness of alternative dispute 
                resolution mechanisms with respect to resolving covered 
                complaints;
                    (F) best practices that ensure prompt payment 
                requirements are satisfied;
                    (G) the Federal Aviation Administration resources, 
                including staff, that are dedicated to helping resolve 
                covered complaints; and
                    (H) how the Federal Aviation Administration can 
                enhance efforts to resolve covered complaints, 
                including by using timelines and providing additional 
                staffing and other resources.
            (3) Reporting.--The Administrator shall make available to 
        the public on an appropriate website operated by the 
        Administrator a report describing the results of the assessment 
        completed under this subsection, including a plan to respond to 
        such results.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply:
            (1) Covered complaint.--The term ``covered complaint'' 
        means a complaint relating to an alleged failure to satisfy a 
        prompt payment requirement under part 26 of title 49, Code of 
        Federal Regulations.
            (2) Program.--The term ``Program'' means the airport 
        disadvantaged business enterprise program referenced in section 
        140(a) of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 
        U.S.C. 47113 note).

SEC. 5013. EXPANSION OF CREDIT FOR EXPENDITURES TO PROVIDE ACCESS TO 
              DISABLED INDIVIDUALS.

    (a) Increase in Dollar Limitation.--
            (1) In general.--Section 44(a) of the Internal Revenue Code 
        of 1986 is amended by striking ``$10,250'' and inserting 
        ``$20,500''.
            (2) Inflation adjustment.--Section 44 of such Code is 
        amended by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f) and 
        by inserting after subsection (d) the following new subsection:
    ``(e) Inflation Adjustment.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the case of any taxable year 
        beginning after 2018, the $20,500 amount in subsection (a) 
        shall be increased by an amount equal to--
                    ``(A) such dollar amount, multiplied by
                    ``(B) the cost of living adjustment determined 
                under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year in which 
                the taxable year begins determined by substituting 
                `calendar year 2017' for `calendar year 2016' in 
                subparagraph (A)(ii) thereof.
            ``(2) Rounding.--Any amount determined under paragraph (1) 
        which is not a multiple of $50 shall be rounded to the next 
        lowest multiple of $50.''.
    (b) Increase in Gross Receipts Limitation.--Section 44(b)(1)(A) of 
such Code is amended by striking ``$1,000,000'' and inserting 
``$2,500,000''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017.

SEC. 5014. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN SMALL BUSINESS CONCERNS.

    Section 15(h)(2)(E) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
644(h)(2)(E)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (i)--
                    (A) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclauses:
                                    ``(V) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns for 
                                purposes of the initial contract; and
                                    ``(VI) that were awarded using a 
                                procurement method that restricted 
                                competition to small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by service-
                                disabled veterans, qualified HUBZone 
                                small business concerns, small business 
                                concerns owned and controlled by 
                                socially and economically disadvantaged 
                                individuals, small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by women, or a 
                                subset of any such concerns;'';
            (2) in clause (ii)--
                    (A) in subclause (IV), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclauses:
                                    ``(VI) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns owned and 
                                controlled by service-disabled veterans 
                                for purposes of the initial contract; 
                                and
                                    ``(VII) that were awarded using a 
                                procurement method that restricted 
                                competition to qualified HUBZone small 
                                business concerns, small business 
                                concerns owned and controlled by 
                                socially and economically disadvantaged 
                                individuals, small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by women, or a 
                                subset of any such concerns;'';
            (3) in clause (iii)--
                    (A) in subclause (V), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclauses:
                                    ``(VII) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be qualified HUBZone small business 
                                concerns for purposes of the initial 
                                contract; and
                                    ``(VIII) that were awarded using a 
                                procurement method that restricted 
                                competition to small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by service-
                                disabled veterans, small business 
                                concerns owned and controlled by 
                                socially and economically disadvantaged 
                                individuals, small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by women, or a 
                                subset of any such concerns;'';
            (4) in clause (iv)--
                    (A) in subclause (V), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclauses:
                                    ``(VII) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns owned and 
                                controlled by socially and economically 
                                disadvantaged individuals for purposes 
                                of the initial contract; and
                                    ``(VIII) that were awarded using a 
                                procurement method that restricted 
                                competition to small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by service-
                                disabled veterans, qualified HUBZone 
                                small business concerns, small business 
                                concerns owned and controlled by women, 
                                or a subset of any such concerns;'';
            (5) in clause (v)--
                    (A) in subclause (IV), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subclause (V), by inserting ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclause:
                                    ``(VI) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns owned by 
                                an Indian tribe other than an Alaska 
                                Native Corporation for purposes of the 
                                initial contract;'';
            (6) in clause (vi)--
                    (A) in subclause (IV), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subclause (V), by inserting ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclause:
                                    ``(VI) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns owned by 
                                a Native Hawaiian Organization for 
                                purposes of the initial contract;'';
            (7) in clause (vii)--
                    (A) in subclause (IV), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subclause (V), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclause:
                                    ``(VI) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns owned by 
                                an Alaska Native Corporation for 
                                purposes of the initial contract; 
                                and''; and
            (8) in clause (viii)--
                    (A) in subclause (VII), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subclause (VIII), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subclauses:
                                    ``(IX) that were purchased by 
                                another entity after the initial 
                                contract was awarded and as a result of 
                                the purchase, would no longer be deemed 
                                to be small business concerns owned and 
                                controlled by women for purposes of the 
                                initial contract; and
                                    ``(X) that were awarded using a 
                                procurement method that restricted 
                                competition to small business concerns 
                                owned and controlled by service-
                                disabled veterans, qualified HUBZone 
                                small business concerns, small business 
                                concerns owned and controlled by 
                                socially and economically disadvantaged 
                                individuals, or a subset of any such 
                                concerns; and''.

                     TITLE VI--ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 6001. ECONOMIC GROWTH, RETENTION, AND RECRUITMENT OF COMMERCIAL 
              INVESTMENT IN ECONOMICALLY UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES.

    The Small Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 661 et seq.) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new title:

``TITLE VIII--ECONOMIC GROWTH, RETENTION, AND RECRUITMENT OF COMMERCIAL 
           INVESTMENT IN ECONOMICALLY UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES

``SEC. 811. PURPOSE.

    ``The purpose of this title is to assist with the economic growth 
of economically underserved communities that have potential for strong 
Class 1 commercial investment, but that continue to have a difficult 
time recruiting Class 1 commercial investment.

``SEC. 812. GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Authorization.--From amounts appropriated under section 814, 
the Administrator shall make grants on a competitive basis to an 
eligible community for--
            ``(1) the creation of a grant program or revolving loan 
        fund program (or both) that helps develop financing packages 
        for Class 1 commercial investment in the community;
            ``(2) lowering real estate property tax rates in the 
        community;
            ``(3) conducting community-wide market analysis to help 
        recruit and retain Class 1 commercial investment;
            ``(4) creating employment training programs for Class 1 
        business customer service, sales, and managerial positions in 
        the community;
            ``(5) retail marketing strategies to solicit new Class 1 
        commercial investment starts in the community;
            ``(6) program allowances for activities to promote Class 1 
        commercial investment in the community, such as the publication 
        of marketing materials, development of economic development web 
        pages, and educational outreach activities with retail trade 
        associations; and
            ``(7) hiring business recruitment specialists to operate in 
        the community.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--The Administrator may only make a grant under 
subsection (a) to a community whose demographics include--
            ``(1) a median per capita income no higher than $35,000; 
        and
            ``(2) an identified lack of Class 1 commercial investment.
    ``(c) Application.--A community seeking a grant under subsection 
(a) shall submit an application at such time, in such form, and 
containing such information and assurances as the Administrator may 
require, except that the application shall include--
            ``(1) a description of how the community, through the 
        activities the community proposes to carry out with the grant 
        funds will recruit, retain and grow its economy through Class 1 
        commercial investment; and
            ``(2) a description of the difficulty the community has 
        faced recruiting, retaining and growing its economy through 
        Class 1 commercial investment.
    ``(d) Matching Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator may not make a grant 
        to a community under subsection (a) unless the community agrees 
        that, with respect to the costs to be incurred by the community 
        in carrying out the activities for which the grant is awarded, 
        the community will make available non-Federal contributions in 
        an amount equal to not less than 10 percent of the Federal 
        funds provided under the grant.
            ``(2) Satisfying matching requirements.--The non-Federal 
        contributions required under paragraph (1) may be--
                    ``(A) in cash or in-kind, including services, 
                fairly evaluated; and
                    ``(B) from--
                            ``(i) any private source;
                            ``(ii) State or local governmental entity; 
                        or
                            ``(iii) nonprofit source.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The Administrator may waive or reduce the 
        non-Federal contribution required by paragraph (1) if the 
        community involved demonstrates that the community cannot meet 
        the contribution requirement due to financial hardship.
    ``(e) Limitations.--Amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
authorization of appropriations in section 814 for a fiscal year shall 
be allocated as follows:
            ``(1) No more than 5 percent of such funds shall go to 
        administrative costs;
            ``(2) 70 percent of such funds shall go toward activities 
        described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of subsection (a), 
        after taking into account administrative costs under 
        subparagraph (A); and
            ``(3) 30 percent of such funds shall go toward activities 
        described in paragraphs (5) through (7) of subsection (a), 
        after taking into account administrative costs under 
        subparagraph (A).

``SEC. 813. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this title:
            ``(1) Community.--The term `community' means a governance 
        structure that includes county, parish, city, village, 
        township, district or borough.
            ``(2) Class 1 commercial investment.--The term `Class 1 
        commercial investment' means retail grocery chains, food 
        service retailers, restaurants and franchises, retail stores, 
        cafes, shopping malls, and other shops.
            ``(3) Economically underserved community.--The term 
        `economically underserved community' means an area suffering 
        from low income and resultant low purchasing power, limiting 
        its ability to generate sufficient goods and services to be 
        used in exchange with other areas to meet current consumption 
        needs.

``SEC. 814. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There is authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator to 
make grants under section 812(a) $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2019 through 2025.''.

SEC. 6002. MINORITY BANK DEPOSIT PROGRAM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) On March 5, 1969, pursuant to Executive Order 11458, 
        the Minority Bank Deposit Program was established as a national 
        program supporting minority-owned business enterprise. It was 
        expanded in 1971 under Executive Order 11625 and in 1979 under 
        Executive Order 12138. The Competitive Equality Banking Act of 
        1987 (Public Law 100-86) and the Financial Institutions Reform, 
        Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-73) 
        include provisions supporting the intent of the Minority Bank 
        Deposit Program.
            (2) Under the leadership of President Jimmy Carter, on 
        April 8, 1977, a memorandum for all heads of Federal agencies 
        and departments was signed. This document promoted the use of 
        minority-owned business enterprises by placing deposits in 
        minority banks. The agency assigned to head this program was 
        the Department of the Treasury.
            (3) The Fiscal Assistant Secretary of the Department of the 
        Treasury is responsible for certifying financial institutions 
        that are eligible for participation in the Minority Bank 
        Deposit Program.
            (4) Although the program continues today, the overwhelming 
        majority of financial institutions certified under the Minority 
        Bank Deposit Program do not have existing relationships with 
        the Federal agencies which suggests the need for reforms to 
        increase utilization of eligible institutions.
    (b) Expansion of Use of Minority Banks, Women's Banks, and Low-
Income Credit Unions.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1204 of the Financial Institutions 
        Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1811 
        note) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 1204. EXPANSION OF USE OF MINORITY BANKS, WOMEN'S BANKS, AND 
              LOW-INCOME CREDIT UNIONS.

    ``(a) Minority Bank Deposit Program.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--There is established a program to be 
        known as the `Minority Bank Deposit Program' to expand the use 
        of minority banks, women's banks, and low-income credit unions.
            ``(2) Administration.--The Secretary of the Treasury, 
        acting through the Fiscal Service, shall--
                    ``(A) on application by a depository institution or 
                credit union, certify whether such depository 
                institution or credit union is a minority bank, women's 
                bank, or low-income credit union;
                    ``(B) maintain and publish a list of all depository 
                institutions and credit unions that have been certified 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) periodically distribute the list described in 
                subparagraph (B) to--
                            ``(i) all Federal departments and agencies;
                            ``(ii) interested State and local 
                        governments; and
                            ``(iii) interested private sector 
                        companies.
            ``(3) Inclusion of certain entities on list.--A depository 
        institution or credit union that, on the date of the enactment 
        of this section, has a current certification from the Secretary 
        of the Treasury stating that such depository institution or 
        credit union is a minority bank, women's bank, or low-income 
        credit union shall be included on the list described under 
        paragraph (2)(B).
    ``(b) Expanded Use Among Federal Departments and Agencies.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        establishment of the program described in subsection (a), the 
        head of each Federal department or agency shall develop and 
        implement standards and procedures to ensure, to the maximum 
        extent possible as permitted by law, the use of minority banks, 
        women's banks, and low-income credit unions to serve the 
        financial needs of each such department or agency.
            ``(2) Report to congress.--Not later than 2 years after the 
        establishment of the program described in subsection (a), and 
        annually thereafter, the head of each Federal department or 
        agency shall submit to Congress a report on the actions taken 
        to increase the use of minority banks, women's banks, and low-
        income credit unions to serve the financial needs of each such 
        department or agency.
    ``(c) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
            ``(1) Credit union.--The term `credit union' has the 
        meaning given the term `insured credit union' in section 101 of 
        the Federal Credit Union Act (12 U.S.C. 1752).
            ``(2) Depository institution.--The term `depository 
        institution' has the meaning given the term `insured depository 
        institution' in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
        (12 U.S.C. 1813).
            ``(3) Low-income credit union.--The term `low-income credit 
        union' means any entity described in section 19(b)(1)(A)(iv) of 
        the Federal Reserve Act.
            ``(4) Minority.--The term `minority' means any Black 
        American, Native American, Hispanic American, or Asian 
        American.
            ``(5) Minority bank.--The term `minority bank' means any 
        bank described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of section 
        19(b)(1)(A) of the Federal Reserve Act--
                    ``(A) more than 50 percent of the outstanding 
                shares of which are held by 1 or more minority 
                individuals;
                    ``(B) the majority of the directors on the board of 
                directors of which are minority individuals; and
                    ``(C) a significant percentage of senior management 
                positions of which are held by minority individuals.
            ``(6) Women's bank.--The term `women's bank' means any bank 
        described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of section 19(b)(1)(A) 
        of the Federal Reserve Act--
                    ``(A) more than 50 percent of the outstanding 
                shares of which are held by 1 or more women;
                    ``(B) the majority of the directors on the board of 
                directors of which are women; and
                    ``(C) a significant percentage of senior management 
                positions of which are held by women.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--The following provisions are 
        amended by striking ``1204(c)(3)'' and inserting ``1204(c)'':
                    (A) Section 808(b)(3) of the Community Reinvestment 
                Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 2907(b)(3)).
                    (B) Section 40(g)(1)(B) of the Federal Deposit 
                Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1831q(g)(1)(B)).
                    (C) Section 704B(h)(4) of the Equal Credit 
                Opportunity Act (15 U.S.C. 1691c-2(h)(4)).
    (c) Amendments to the Community Reinvestment Act.--Section 804(b) 
of the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 2903(b)) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Cooperation With Minority Banks, Women's Banks, and Low-
Income Credit Unions Considered.--
            ``(1) In general.--In assessing and taking into account, 
        under subsection (a), the record of a financial institution, 
        the appropriate Federal financial supervisory agency shall 
        consider as a factor capital investment, loan participation, 
        and other ventures undertaken by the institution in cooperation 
        with minority banks, women's banks, community development 
        financial institutions, and low-income credit unions provided 
        that these activities help meet the credit needs of local 
        communities in which such institutions and credit unions are 
        chartered.
            ``(2) Definitions.--
                    ``(A) FIRREA definitions.--The terms `low-income 
                credit union', `minority bank', and `women's bank' have 
                the meanings given such terms, respectively, in section 
                1204(c) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, 
                and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1811 note).
                    ``(B) Community development financial 
                institution.--The term `community development financial 
                institution' has the meaning given in section 103(5) of 
                the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory 
                Improvement Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4702(5)).''.
    (d) Considerations When Assessing Financial Inclusion for Federally 
Chartered Financial Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--In assessing and taking into account the 
        record of a federally chartered financial institution under any 
        financial inclusion assessment process created by the 
        Comptroller of the Currency in any rule relating to the 
        chartering of a financial institution, the Comptroller shall 
        consider as a factor capital investment, loan participation, 
        and other ventures undertaken by the bank in cooperation with 
        minority banks, women's banks, community development financial 
        institutions, and low-income credit unions, provided that these 
        activities help meet the financial needs of local communities 
        in which the federally chartered financial institution provides 
        financial products or services.
            (2) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
                    (A) Community development financial institution.--
                The term ``community development financial 
                institution'' has the meaning given in section 103(5) 
                of the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory 
                Improvement Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4702(5)).
                    (B) Financial inclusion assessment process.--The 
                term ``financial inclusion assessment process'' means 
                any process relating to the chartering of a financial 
                institution whereby the Comptroller of the Currency 
                assesses and takes into account the financial 
                institution's record of meeting the financial needs of 
                the bank's entire community, including low- and 
                moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with the safe 
                and sound operation of such bank.
                    (C) Financial product or service.--The term 
                ``financial product or service'' has the meaning given 
                such term in section 1002 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street 
                Reform and Consumer Protection Act (12 U.S.C. 5481).
                    (D) FIRREA definitions.--The terms ``low-income 
                credit union'', ``minority bank'', and ``women's bank'' 
                have the meanings given such terms, respectively, in 
                section 1204(c) of the Financial Institutions Reform, 
                Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1811 
                note).

SEC. 6003. REPORTING CERTAIN POSITIVE CONSUMER CREDIT INFORMATION TO 
              CONSUMER REPORTING AGENCIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 623 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 
U.S.C. 1681s-2) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection:
    ``(f) Full-File Credit Reporting.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the limitation in paragraph 
        (2) and notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person or 
        the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may furnish to a 
        consumer reporting agency information relating to the 
        performance of a consumer in making payments--
                    ``(A) under a lease agreement with respect to a 
                dwelling, including such a lease in which the 
                Department of Housing and Urban Development provides 
                subsidized payments for occupancy in a dwelling; or
                    ``(B) pursuant to a contract for a utility or 
                telecommunications service.
            ``(2) Limitation.--Information about a consumer's usage of 
        any utility services provided by a utility or telecommunication 
        firm may be furnished to a consumer reporting agency only to 
        the extent that such information relates to payment by the 
        consumer for the services of such utility or telecommunication 
        service or other terms of the provision of the services to the 
        consumer, including any deposit, discount, or conditions for 
        interruption or termination of the services.
            ``(3) Payment plan.--An energy utility firm may not report 
        payment information to a consumer reporting agency with respect 
        to an outstanding balance of a consumer as late if--
                    ``(A) the energy utility firm and the consumer have 
                entered into a payment plan (including a deferred 
                payment agreement, an arrearage management program, or 
                a debt forgiveness program) with respect to such 
                outstanding balance; and
                    ``(B) the consumer is meeting the obligations of 
                the payment plan, as determined by the energy utility 
                firm.
            ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection, the following 
        definitions shall apply:
                    ``(A) Energy utility firm.--The term `energy 
                utility firm' means an entity that provides gas or 
                electric utility services to the public.
                    ``(B) Utility or telecommunication firm.--The term 
                `utility or telecommunication firm' means an entity 
                that provides utility services to the public through 
                pipe, wire, landline, wireless, cable, or other 
                connected facilities, or radio, electronic, or similar 
                transmission (including the extension of such 
                facilities).''.
    (b) Limitation on Liability.--Section 623(c) of the Consumer Credit 
Protection Act (15 U.S.C. 1681s-2(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(3) subsection (f) of this section, including any 
        regulations issued thereunder; or''.
    (c) GAO Study and Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to Congress a report on the impact of furnishing 
information pursuant to subsection (f) of section 623 of the Fair 
Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681s-2) (as added by this Act) on 
consumers.

SEC. 6004. GENDER AND RACIAL AND ETHNIC DIVERSITY IN APPOINTING FEDERAL 
              RESERVE BANK PRESIDENTS.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
            (1) while significant progress has occurred due to the 
        antidiscrimination amendments to the Federal Reserve Act, 
        barriers continue to pose significant obstacles for candidates 
        reflective of gender diversity and racial or ethnic diversity 
        for Federal Reserve bank president positions in the Federal 
        Reserve System;
            (2) the continuing barriers described in paragraph (1) 
        merit the following amendment;
            (3) Congress has received and reviewed testimony and 
        documentation of the historical lack of gender, racial, and 
        ethnic diversity from numerous sources, including congressional 
        hearings, scientific reports, reports issued by public and 
        private agencies, news stories, and reports of related barriers 
        by organizations and individuals, which show that race-, 
        ethnicity-, and gender-neutral efforts alone are insufficient 
        to address the problem;
            (4) the testimony and documentation described in paragraph 
        (3) demonstrate that barriers across the United States prove 
        problematic for full and fair participation in developing 
        monetary policy by individuals reflective of gender diversity 
        and racial or ethnic diversity; and
            (5) the testimony and documentation described in paragraph 
        (3) provide a strong basis that there is a compelling need for 
        the below amendment to address the historical lack of gender, 
        racial, and ethnic diversity in the Federal Reserve regional 
        bank presidents selection process in the Federal Reserve 
        System.
    (b) Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.--The provision designated 
``fifth'' of the fourth undesignated paragraph of section 4 of the 
Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 341) is amended by inserting after 
``employees.'' the following: ``In making the appointment of a 
president, the bank shall interview at least one individual reflective 
of gender diversity and one individual reflective of racial or ethnic 
diversity.''.
    (c) Technical Amendments.--
            (1) American competitiveness and workforce improvement act 
        of 1998.--Section 418(b) of the American Competitiveness and 
        Workforce Improvement Act of 1998 (8 U.S.C. 1184 note) is 
        amended by striking ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and 
        inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (2) Bretton woods agreements act.--The Bretton Woods 
        Agreements Act (22 U.S.C. 286 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 4(a), by striking ``Chairman of the 
                Board of Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board 
                of Governors''; and
                    (B) in section 45(a)(1), by striking ``chairman of 
                the board of Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the 
                Board of Governors''.
            (3) Dodd-frank wall street reform and consumer protection 
        act.--The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection 
        Act (12 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.) is amended by striking ``Chairman 
        of the Board'' each place such term appears and inserting 
        ``Chair of the Board''.
            (4) Emergency economic stabilization act of 2008.--The 
        Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (12 U.S.C. 5201 et 
        seq.) is amended by striking ``Chairman of the Board'' each 
        place such term appears and inserting ``Chair of the Board''.
            (5) Emergency loan guarantee act.--Section 2 of the 
        Emergency Loan Guarantee Act (15 U.S.C. 1841) is amended by 
        striking ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and inserting 
        ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (6) Emergency steel loan guarantee and emergency oil and 
        gas act of 1999.--The Emergency Steel Loan Guarantee and 
        Emergency Oil and Gas Act of 1999 (15 U.S.C. 1841 note) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in section 101(e)(2)--
                            (i) by striking ``Chairman of the Board of 
                        Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board 
                        of Governors''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``Chairman,'' and 
                        inserting ``Chair,''; and
                    (B) in section 201(d)(2)(B)--
                            (i) by striking ``Chairman of the Board of 
                        Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board 
                        of Governors''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``Chairman,'' and 
                        inserting ``Chair,''.
            (7) Farm credit act of 1971.--Section 4.9(d)(1)(C) of the 
        Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2160(d)(1)(C)) is amended by 
        striking ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and inserting 
        ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (8) Federal deposit insurance act.--The Federal Deposit 
        Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1811 et seq.) is amended by striking 
        ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' each place such term 
        appears and inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (9) Federal reserve act.--The Federal Reserve Act (12 
        U.S.C. 226 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``chairman'' each place such term 
                appears and inserting ``chair'';
                    (B) by striking ``Chairman'' each place such term 
                appears other than in section 11(r)(2)(B) and inserting 
                ``Chair'';
                    (C) in section 2, in the sixth undesignated 
                paragraph--
                            (i) in the second sentence, by striking 
                        ``his'' and inserting ``the Comptroller of the 
                        Currency's''; and
                            (ii) in the third sentence, by striking 
                        ``his'' and inserting ``the director's'';
                    (D) in section 4--
                            (i) in the third undesignated paragraph, by 
                        striking ``his office'' and inserting ``the 
                        Office of the Comptroller of the Currency'';
                            (ii) in the fourth undesignated paragraph, 
                        in the provision designated ``fifth'', by 
                        striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                        person's'';
                            (iii) in the eighth undesignated paragraph, 
                        by striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                        chair's'';
                            (iv) in the seventeenth undesignated 
                        paragraph--
                                    (I) by striking ``his'' and 
                                inserting ``the officer's''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``he'' and 
                                inserting ``the individual'';
                            (v) in the twentieth undesignated 
                        paragraph--
                                    (I) by striking ``He'' each place 
                                such term appears and inserting ``The 
                                chair'';
                                    (II) in the third sentence--
                                            (aa) by striking ``his'' 
                                        and inserting ``the''; and
                                            (bb) by striking ``he'' and 
                                        inserting a comma; and
                                    (III) in the fifth sentence, by 
                                striking ``he'' and inserting ``the 
                                chair''; and
                            (vi) in the twenty-first undesignated 
                        paragraph, by striking ``his'' each place such 
                        term appears and inserting ``the agent's'';
                    (E) in section 6, in the second undesignated 
                paragraph, by striking ``he'' and inserting ``the 
                Comptroller of the Currency'';
                    (F) in section 9A(c)(2)(C), by striking ``he'' and 
                inserting ``the participant'';
                    (G) in section 10--
                            (i) by striking ``he'' each place such term 
                        appears and inserting ``the member'';
                            (ii) in the second undesignated paragraph. 
                        by striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                        member's''; and
                            (iii) in the fourth undesignated 
                        paragraph--
                                    (I) in the second sentence, by 
                                striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                                chair's'';
                                    (II) in the fifth sentence, by 
                                striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                                member's''; and
                                    (III) in the sixth sentence, by 
                                striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                                member's'';
                    (H) in section 12, by striking ``his'' and 
                inserting ``the member's'';
                    (I) in section 13, in the eleventh undesignated 
                paragraph, by striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                assured's'';
                    (J) in section 16--
                            (i) by striking ``he'' each place such term 
                        appears and inserting ``the agent'';
                            (ii) in the seventh undesignated 
                        paragraph--
                                    (I) by striking ``his'' and 
                                inserting ``the agent's''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``himself'' and 
                                inserting ``the agent'';
                            (iii) in the tenth undesignated paragraph, 
                        by striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                        Secretary's''; and
                            (iv) in the fifteenth undesignated 
                        paragraph, by striking ``his'' and inserting 
                        ``the agent's'';
                    (K) in section 18, in the eighth undesignated 
                paragraph, by striking ``he'' and inserting ``the 
                Secretary of the Treasury'';
                    (L) in section 22--
                            (i) in subsection (f), by striking ``his'' 
                        and inserting ``the director's or officer's''; 
                        and
                            (ii) in subsection (g)--
                                    (I) in paragraph (1)(D)--
                                            (aa) by striking ``him'' 
                                        and inserting ``the officer''; 
                                        and
                                            (bb) by striking ``he'' and 
                                        inserting ``the officer''; and
                                    (II) in paragraph (2)(A), by 
                                striking ``him as his'' and inserting 
                                ``the officer as the officer's''; and
                    (M) in section 25A--
                            (i) in the twelfth undesignated paragraph--
                                    (I) by striking ``he'' each place 
                                such term appears and inserting ``the 
                                member''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``his'' and 
                                inserting ``the member's'';
                            (ii) in the fourteenth undesignated 
                        paragraph, by striking ``his'' and inserting 
                        ``the director's or officer's''; and
                            (iii) in the twenty-second undesignated 
                        paragraph, by striking ``his'' each place such 
                        term appears and inserting ``such 
                        individual's''.
            (10) Federal reserve reform act of 1977.--Section 204(b) of 
        the Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 242 note) is 
        amended by striking ``Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board of 
        Governors'' and inserting ``Chair or Vice Chair of the Board of 
        Governors''.
            (11) Financial institutions reform, recovery, and 
        enforcement act of 1989.--The Financial Institutions Reform, 
        Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 is amended--
                    (A) in section 308 (12 U.S.C. 1463 note)--
                            (i) in subsection (a), by striking 
                        ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and 
                        inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''; 
                        and
                            (ii) in subsection (c), by striking 
                        ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and 
                        inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors'';
                    (B) in section 1001(a) (12 U.S.C. 1811 note), by 
                striking ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and 
                inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''; and
                    (C) in section 1205(b)(1)(A) (12 U.S.C. 1818 
                note)--
                            (i) by striking ``Chairman of the Board of 
                        Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board 
                        of Governors''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``Chairman's'' and 
                        inserting ``Chair's''.
            (12) Food, conservation, and energy act of 2008.--Section 
        13106(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
        U.S.C. 2 note) is amended by striking ``Chairman of the Board 
        of Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board of 
        Governors''.
            (13) Housing and community development act of 1992.--
        Section 1313(a)(3) of the Housing and Community Development Act 
        of 1992 (12 U.S.C. 4513(a)(3)) is amended--
                    (A) in the heading, by striking ``chairman'' and 
                inserting ``chair'';
                    (B) by striking ``Chairman of the Board of 
                Governors'' each place such term appears and inserting 
                ``Chair of the Board of Governors''; and
                    (C) by striking ``Chairman regarding'' and 
                inserting ``Chair regarding''.
            (14) Inspector general act of 1978.--Section 8G of the 
        Inspector General Act of 1978 is amended by striking ``Chairman 
        of the Board of Governors'' each place such term appears and 
        inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (15) International lending supervision act of 1983.--
        Section 908(b)(3)(C) of the International Lending Supervision 
        Act of 1983 (12 U.S.C. 3907(b)(3)(C)) is amended by striking 
        ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of 
        the Board of Governors''.
            (16) Neighborhood reinvestment corporation act.--Section 
        604(a)(3) of the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation Act (42 
        U.S.C. 8103(a)(3)) is amended by striking ``Chairman'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``Chair''.
            (17) Public law 93-495.--Section 202(a)(1) of Public Law 
        93-495 (12 U.S.C. 2402(a)(1)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``Chairman of the Board of 
                Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board of 
                Governors''; and
                    (B) by striking ``his'' and inserting ``the 
                Chair's''.
            (18) Sarbanes-oxley act of 2002.--Section 101(e)(4)(A) of 
        the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7211(e)(4)(A)) is 
        amended by striking ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and 
        inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (19) Securities exchange act of 1934.--Section 17A(f)(4)(C) 
        of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78q-
        1(f)(4)(C)) is amended by striking ``Chairman of the Board of 
        Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (20) Title 31.--Title 31, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in section 1344(b)(7), by striking ``Chairman 
                of the Board of Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of 
                the Board of Governors''; and
                    (B) in section 5318A, by striking ``Chairman of the 
                Board of Governors'' each place such term appears and 
                inserting ``Chair of the Board of Governors''.
            (21) Trade act of 1974.--Section 163(b)(3) of the Trade Act 
        of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2213(b)(3)) is amended by striking 
        ``Chairman of the Board of Governors'' and inserting ``Chair of 
        the Board of Governors''.
            (22) Deeming of name.--Any reference in a law, regulation, 
        document, paper, or other record of the United States to the 
        Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
        System shall be deemed to be a reference to the Chair of the 
        Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

SEC. 6005. ALLOCATIONS UNDER NEW MARKETS TAX CREDIT MADE MORE 
              COMPETITIVE.

    (a) In General.--Section 45D(i) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by striking ``and'' at the end the paragraph (5), by 
striking the period at the end of paragraph (6) and inserting a comma, 
and by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(7) which prioritize community financial institution CDEs 
        with demonstrated records of having successfully provided 
        capital or technical assistance to disadvantaged businesses or 
        communities,
            ``(8) which ensure that minority-owned qualified community 
        development entities (as defined in subsection (c)(4)) receive 
        a proportional allocation of new markets tax credit limitation 
        for each calendar year,
            ``(9) which ensure that CDFI CDEs receive a proportional 
        allocation of new markets tax credit limitation for each 
        calendar year,
            ``(10) which establish an application review process 
        consistent with the following categories that ensures that only 
        entities within each category of qualified community 
        development entity compete with one another for new markets tax 
        credit limitation:
                    ``(A) Emerging CDEs.
                    ``(B) Community financial institution CDEs.
                    ``(C) CDFI CDEs.
                    ``(D) Large bank affiliated CDEs.
                    ``(E) Nonprofit CDEs.
                    ``(F) For-profit CDEs; and
            ``(11) which prioritize partnerships between--
                    ``(A) large bank affiliated CDEs, and
                    ``(B) emerging CDEs, community financial 
                institution CDEs, and CDFI CDEs.''.
    (b) Definitions Related to Categories of Qualified Community 
Development Entities.--Section 45D(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(3) Categories of qualified community development 
        entities.--For purposes of this section--
                    ``(A) Emerging cde.--The term `emerging CDE' means 
                a qualified community development entity which--
                            ``(i) has never received an allocation of 
                        new markets tax credit limitation under 
                        subsection (f), and
                            ``(ii) is not a for-profit CDE or large 
                        bank affiliated CDE.
                    ``(B) Community financial institution cde.--The 
                term `community financial institution CDE' means a 
                qualified community development entity which--
                            ``(i) is, or is affiliated with, a 
                        financial institution which--
                                    ``(I) is not a certified community 
                                development financial institution, and
                                    ``(II) has less than $1,000,000,000 
                                in assets,
                            ``(ii) has received one or more previous 
                        allocations of new markets tax credit 
                        limitation under subsection (f), and
                            ``(iii) is not a CDFI CDE or large bank 
                        affiliated CDE.
                    ``(C) CDFI cde.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The term `CDFI CDE' 
                        means a qualified community development entity 
                        which--
                                    ``(I) is, or is affiliated with, a 
                                certified community development 
                                financial institution,
                                    ``(II) has received one or more 
                                previous allocations of new markets tax 
                                credit limitation under subsection (f), 
                                and
                                    ``(III) is not a large bank 
                                affiliated CDE.
                            ``(ii) Certified community development 
                        financial institution.--The term `certified 
                        community development financial institution' 
                        means an entity which is certified by the 
                        Secretary as a community development financial 
                        institution for purposes of the community 
                        development financial institutions fund.
                    ``(D) Large bank affiliated cde.--The term `large 
                bank affiliated CDE' means a qualified community 
                development entity is affiliated with a financial 
                institution which--
                            ``(i) has $1,000,000,000 or more in assets, 
                        and
                            ``(ii) is not a CDFI CDE.
                    ``(E) Nonprofit cde.--The term `nonprofit CDE' 
                means a qualified community development entity which--
                            ``(i) is described in section 501(c) and 
                        exempt from tax under section 501(a),
                            ``(ii) was created or organized for the 
                        purpose of being a qualified community 
                        development entity, and
                            ``(iii) is not a community financial 
                        institution CDE, CDFI CDE, or large bank 
                        affiliated CDE.
                    ``(F) For-profit cde.--The term `for-profit CDE' 
                means any qualified community development entity which 
                is not a community financial institution CDE, CDFI CDE, 
                large bank affiliated CDE, or nonprofit CDE.
            ``(4) Minority-owned qualified community development 
        entity.--For purposes of this section--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `minority-owned 
                qualified community development entity' means any 
                qualified community development entity if not less than 
                51 percent of such entity is owned by one or more 
                individuals described in subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Individuals described.--An individual is 
                described in this subparagraph if such individual is 
                African American, Hispanic American, Asian Pacific 
                American, Subcontinent Asian American, or Native 
                American.''.
    (c) Limitations on Repeat Allocations to Same Community Development 
Entities.--Section 45D(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is 
amended by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4) and by 
inserting after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) Limitations on repeat allocations.--
                    ``(A) Two-year cooling off period if two 
                consecutive allocations.--If a qualified community 
                development entity receives allocations under paragraph 
                (2) for two consecutive calendar years, the Secretary 
                shall not make an allocation under paragraph (2) to 
                such entity (or any entity affiliated with such entity) 
                for either of the two calendar years following the two 
                consecutive calendar years with respect to which 
                allocations were made.
                    ``(B) Shared allocations after reaching dollar 
                limitation.--The Secretary shall not make any 
                allocation under paragraph (2) to a qualified community 
                development entity for any calendar year if the 
                aggregate allocations made by the Secretary under such 
                paragraph to such entity (or any entity affiliated with 
                such entity) for all prior calendar years exceed 
                $100,000,000.
                    ``(C) Exception for partnerships with specified 
                community development entities.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subparagraphs (A) and 
                        (B) shall not apply to a qualified community 
                        development entity for any calendar year if--
                                    ``(I) such qualified community 
                                development entity has entered into a 
                                partnership with a specified community 
                                development entity to carry out the 
                                purposes of this section with respect 
                                to such calendar year,
                                    ``(II) neither subparagraph (A) nor 
                                (B) (determined without regard to this 
                                subparagraph) prevent the Secretary 
                                from making allocations to such 
                                specified community development entity 
                                for such calendar year, and
                                    ``(III) the Secretary makes an 
                                allocation under paragraph (2) to such 
                                specified community development entity 
                                for such calendar year in an amount 
                                which is not less than 50 percent of 
                                the allocation made under paragraph (2) 
                                for such calendar year to the qualified 
                                community development entity referred 
                                to in the matter preceding clause (i).
                            ``(ii) Specified community development 
                        entity.--For purposes of this paragraph, the 
                        term `specified community development entity' 
                        means any qualified community development 
                        entity which--
                                    ``(I) is an emerging CDE, community 
                                financial institution CDE, or CDFI CDE, 
                                and
                                    ``(II) was not (prior to entering 
                                into the partnership for purposes of 
                                clause (i) or paragraph (4)) affiliated 
                                with the qualified community 
                                development entity referred to in the 
                                matter preceding clause (i).''.
    (d) Large Bank Affiliated CDEs Required To Partner With Specified 
Community Development Entity.--Section 45D(f) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986, as amended by subsection (c), is amended by redesignating 
paragraph (4) as paragraph (5) and by inserting after paragraph (3) the 
following new paragraph:
            ``(4) Large bank affiliated cdes required to partner with 
        specified community development entity.--The Secretary shall 
        not make any allocation under paragraph (2) to a large bank 
        affiliated CDE for any calendar year unless the requirements of 
        subclauses (I), (II), (III) of paragraph (3)(C)(i) are met for 
        such calendar year applied by substituting `20 percent' for `50 
        percent' in subclause (III) thereof.''.
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to allocations made by the Secretary of the Treasury, or his 
designee, after the date which is 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 6006. EXTENSION AND IMPROVEMENT OF NEW MARKETS TAX CREDIT.

    (a) Extension.--Section 45D(f)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 is amended by adding ``, and'' at the end of subparagraph (F), by 
striking the period at the end of subparagraph (G) and inserting ``, 
and'', and by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(H) $10,000,000,000 for each of calendar years 
                2020 through 2029.''.
    (b) Degree of Distress of Targeted Community Taken Into Account in 
Making Allocations.--
            (1) In general.--Section 45D(f)(2) of such Code is amended 
        by inserting the following after the first sentence: ``In 
        making allocations under this paragraph, the Secretary shall 
        take into account the entity's business strategy, community 
        impact, management capacity, and capitalization strategy, and 
        the degree of distress of the communities served by the 
        entity.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 45D(f)(2) of such Code 
        is amended by striking ``under the preceding sentence'' and 
        inserting ``under this paragraph''.
    (c) Increased Credit for Investments in Community Development 
Entities Serving Distressed Communities.--Section 45D of such Code is 
amended by redesignating subsections (h) and (i) as subsections (i) and 
(j), respectively, and by inserting after subsection (g) the following 
new subsection:
    ``(h) Increased Credit for Investments in Community Development 
Entities Serving Distressed Communities.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the case of a qualified equity 
        investment in a qualified distressed community development 
        entity, subsection (a)(2) shall be applied--
                    ``(A) by substituting `6 percent' for `5 percent' 
                in subparagraph (A), and
                    ``(B) by substituting `7 percent' for `6 percent' 
                in subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Qualified distressed community development entity.--
        For purposes of this subsection--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `qualified distressed 
                community development entity' means any qualified 
                community development entity if--
                            ``(i) a substantial portion of the services 
                        and investment capital provided by such entity 
                        is provided with respect to distressed 
                        communities, and
                            ``(ii) such entity is certified by the 
                        Secretary for purposes of this section as being 
                        a qualified distressed community development 
                        entity.
                    ``(B) Distressed community.--The term `distressed 
                community' means any population census tract (or 
                equivalent county division within the meaning of 
                subsection (e)(3)) which would be a low-income 
                community if--
                            ``(i) subsection (e)(1)(A) were applied by 
                        substituting `30 percent' for `20 percent', and
                            ``(ii) subsection (e)(1)(B) were applied by 
                        substituting `60 percent' for `80 percent' each 
                        place it appears.''.
    (d) Effective Dates.--
            (1) Extension.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
        apply to calendar years after 2019.
            (2) Degree of distress of targeted community taken into 
        account in making allocations.--The amendments made by 
        subsection (b) shall apply to allocations made by the Secretary 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act.
            (3) Increased credit for investments in community 
        development entities serving distressed communities.--The 
        amendments made by subsection (c) shall apply to qualified 
        equity investments acquired at original issue after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act.

                 TITLE VII--HOUSING AND ASSET BUILDING

SEC. 7001. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE RIGHT OF ALL RENTERS TO A 
              SAFE, AFFORDABLE, AND DECENT HOME.

    (a) Congressional Findings.--The Congress finds that--
            (1) housing is a basic human right;
            (2) evidence-based research has shown that families with 
        safe, decent, and affordable homes are better able to find 
        employment, achieve economic mobility, perform better in 
        school, and maintain improved health;
            (3) investing in affordable housing strengthens our 
        economy, creates jobs, boosts families' incomes, and encourages 
        further development;
            (4) far too many families living in urban, suburban, and 
        rural communities struggle to afford their rent each month, 
        putting them at increased risk of eviction and homelessness;
            (5) according to the Department of Housing and Urban 
        Development (HUD) point-in-time count of 2016, there were 
        549,928 people in the United States experiencing homelessness 
        on any given night, including over 120,000 children;
            (6) homelessness has become so pervasive that some States 
        and cities have declared that homelessness has reached a state 
        of emergency;
            (7) major progress towards the national goals for ending 
        homelessness in our Nation has stalled in the absence of 
        increased funding;
            (8) a shortage of affordable housing exists in every State 
        and major metropolitan area;
            (9) a full-time worker earning the Federal minimum wage 
        cannot afford a modest two-bedroom apartment in any State, 
        metropolitan area, or county in the United States;
            (10) over half of all renters are cost-burdened, paying 
        more than 30 percent of their income for housing, and 71 
        percent of extremely low-income households are severely cost-
        burdened, paying more than half of their income for housing;
            (11) rapidly rising rents across the country have pushed 
        many long-time residents and families out of the communities 
        they call home;
            (12) closed waiting lists and long waits mean only a 
        quarter of the families who qualify for housing assistance 
        actually receive it;
            (13) the role of Federal affordable housing investments is 
        even more important given the limited ability of the private 
        market alone to address these needs;
            (14) various programs at the Department of Housing and 
        Urban Development help to subsidize housing for more than 
        4,000,000 low-income families, including the Public Housing 
        program, the Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (HCV) program, 
        the Section 8 Project-Based Rental Assistance program, the 
        Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly program, the 
        Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities 
        program, and the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS 
        (HOPWA) program;
            (15) despite leveraging billions of dollars in private 
        resources to preserve and expand the supply of affordable 
        housing, affordable housing programs continue to be chronically 
        underfunded despite their success at providing safe housing to 
        families in need;
            (16) chronic underfunding of the Public Housing Capital 
        Fund has led to a backlog of more than $26,000,000,000 in 
        capital repairs and deteriorating conditions for residents;
            (17) without Federal investments, many more families would 
        be homeless, living in substandard or overcrowded conditions, 
        or struggling to meet other basic needs because too much of 
        their limited income would be used to pay rent;
            (18) low Federal spending caps required by the Budget 
        Control Act of 2011 (Public Law 112-25) have decreased funding 
        for affordable housing and community development programs;
            (19) these austere spending caps threaten affordable 
        housing and community development for millions of low income 
        families;
            (20) even renters with housing subsidies often face 
        barriers to finding housing providers willing to rent to them;
            (21) under current Federal law, housing discrimination 
        against a renter is illegal if it is based on race, color, 
        religion, sex, familial status, national origin, or disability;
            (22) renters should be protected against housing 
        discrimination through stronger enforcement of fair housing 
        laws; and
            (23) despite various clarifying memos from HUD, the re-
        entry community continues to face barriers in trying to secure 
        access to federally assisted housing.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--The Congress hereby--
            (1) supports lifting the spending caps required by the 
        Budget Control Act of 2011 and robustly funding programs to 
        increase access to affordable housing and address homelessness 
        at the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and 
        other Federal agencies;
            (2) opposes any cuts to Federal investments in affordable 
        housing programs at the Department of Housing and Urban 
        Development and other Federal agencies;
            (3) supports increased funding to the Public Housing 
        Capital Fund to address the backlog of capital repairs for 
        public housing;
            (4) supports expanded funding for the National Housing 
        Trust Fund to boost the supply of affordable housing available 
        to extremely low-income families;
            (5) supports efforts to preserve and rehabilitate existing 
        housing to maintain and increase the available stock of 
        affordable housing and proposals by local entities to prevent 
        any net loss of overall affordable housing units receiving 
        Federal subsidies;
            (6) supports strengthened Federal fair housing laws;
            (7) affirms that renters may not be barred from federally 
        assisted housing solely on the basis of a criminal record;
            (8) supports expansion of renters' rights, including the 
        right of tenants to organize tenant associations; and
            (9) affirms that housing is a basic human right.

               Subtitle A--A Path to Ending Homelessness

SEC. 7101. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds that--
            (1) although the United States has experienced a reduction 
        in veteran homelessness after a surge of new Federal funding 
        targeted to homeless veterans starting in fiscal year 2008, 
        major progress towards the national goals for ending 
        homelessness in our Nation has virtually stalled in the absence 
        of increased funding;
            (2) according to the Department of Housing and Urban 
        Development's 2016 point-in-time count, there were 549,928 
        people experiencing homelessness in the United States on any 
        given night, including over 120,000 children;
            (3) homelessness in many communities has reached crisis 
        proportions and some cities have declared that homelessness has 
        reached a state of emergency; and
            (4) the Federal Government must renew its commitment to the 
        national goals to end homelessness.

SEC. 7102. EMERGENCY RELIEF FUNDING.

    Title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 
11360 et seq) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 491 (42 U.S.C. 11408; relating 
        to rural housing stability grant program) as section 441;
            (2) by redesignating section 592 (42 U.S.C. 11408a; 
        relating to use of FMHA inventory for transitional housing for 
        homeless persons and for turnkey housing) as section 442; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subtitle:

             ``Subtitle E--5-Year Path to End Homelessness

``SEC. 451. EMERGENCY RELIEF FUNDING.

    ``(a) Direct Appropriations.--There is appropriated out of any 
money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023, $1,000,000,000, to remain available until 
expended, for emergency relief grants under this section to address the 
unmet needs of homeless populations in jurisdictions with the highest 
need.
    ``(b) Formula Grants.--
            ``(1) Allocation.--Amounts appropriated under subsection 
        (a) for a fiscal year shall be allocated among collaborative 
        applicants that comply with section 402, in accordance with the 
        funding formula established under paragraph (2) of this 
        subsection.
            ``(2) Formula.--The Secretary shall, in consultation with 
        the United States Interagency Council on Homeless, establish a 
        formula for allocating grant amounts under this section to 
        address the unmet needs of homeless populations in 
        jurisdictions with the highest need, using the best currently 
        available data that targets need based on key structural 
        determinants of homelessness in the geographic area represented 
        by a collaborative applicant, which shall include data 
        providing accurate counts of--
                    ``(A) the poverty rate in the geographic area 
                represented by the collaborative applicant;
                    ``(B) shortages of affordable housing for low-, 
                very low-, and extremely low-income households in the 
                geographic area represented by the collaborative 
                applicant;
                    ``(C) the number of overcrowded housing units in 
                the geographic area represented by the collaborative 
                applicant;
                    ``(D) the number of unsheltered homeless 
                individuals and the number of chronically homeless 
                individuals; and
                    ``(E) any other factors that the Secretary 
                considers appropriate.
            ``(3) Grants.--For each fiscal year for which amounts are 
        made available under subsection (a), the Secretary shall make a 
        grant to each collaborative applicant for which an amount is 
        allocated pursuant to application of the formula established 
        pursuant to paragraph (2) of this subsection in an amount that 
        is equal to the formula amount determined for such 
        collaborative applicant.
            ``(4) Timing.--
                    ``(A) Formula to be devised swiftly.--The funding 
                formula required under paragraph (2) shall be 
                established not later than 60 days after the date of 
                enactment of this section.
                    ``(B) Distribution.--Amounts appropriated or 
                otherwise made available under this section shall be 
                distributed according to the funding formula 
                established pursuant to paragraph (2) not later than 30 
                days after the establishment of such formula.
    ``(c) Use of Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) through (4), a 
        collaborative applicant that receives a grant under this 
        section may use such grant amounts only for eligible activities 
        under section 415, 423, or 441(b).
            ``(2) Permanent supportive housing requirement.--
                    ``(A) Requirement.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), each collaborative applicant that 
                receives a grant under this section shall use not less 
                than 75 percent of such grant amount for permanent 
                supportive housing, including capital costs, rental 
                subsidies, and services.
                    ``(B) Exemption.--The Secretary shall exempt a 
                collaborative applicant from the applicability of the 
                requirement under subparagraph (A) if the applicant 
                demonstrates, in accordance with such standards and 
                procedures as the Secretary shall establish, that--
                            ``(i) chronic homelessness has been 
                        functionally eliminated in the geographic area 
                        served by the applicant; or
                            ``(ii) the permanent supportive housing 
                        under development in the geographic area served 
                        by the applicant is sufficient to functionally 
                        eliminate chronic homelessness once such units 
                        are available for occupancy.
                The Secretary shall consider and make a determination 
                regarding each request for an exemption under this 
                subparagraph not later than 60 days after receipt of 
                such request.
            ``(3) Limitation on use for administrative expenses.--Not 
        more than 5 percent of the total amount of any grant under this 
        section to a collaborative applicant may be used for costs of 
        administration.
            ``(4) Housing first requirement.--The Secretary shall 
        ensure that each collaborative applicant that receives a grant 
        under this section is implementing, to the extent possible, and 
        will use such grant amounts in accordance with, a Housing First 
        model for assistance for homeless persons.
    ``(d) Renewal Funding.--Expiring contracts for leasing, rental 
assistance, or permanent housing shall be treated, for purposes of 
section 429, as expiring contracts referred to in subsection (a) of 
such section.
    ``(e) Reporting to Congress.--
            ``(1) Initial report.--Not later than September 1, 2017, 
        the Secretary and the United States Interagency Council on 
        Homelessness shall submit a report to the Committees on 
        Financial Services and Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committees on Banking, Housing, and 
        Urban Affairs and Appropriations of the Senate describing the 
        design and implementation of the grant program under this 
        section, which shall include the formula required by subsection 
        (b)(2).
            ``(2) Semiannual status reports.--
                    ``(A) Reports to congress.--The Secretary and the 
                United States Interagency Council on Homelessness shall 
                submit reports to the Committees specified in paragraph 
                (1) semiannually describing the operation of the grant 
                program under this section during the preceding 6 
                months, including identification of the grants made and 
                a description of the activities funded with grant 
                amounts.
                    ``(B) Collection of information by secretary.--The 
                Secretary shall require each collaborative applicant 
                that receives a grant under this section to submit such 
                information to the Secretary as may be necessary for 
                the Secretary to comply with the reporting requirement 
                under subparagraph (A).

``SEC. 452. SPECIAL PURPOSE VOUCHERS.

    ``(a) Direct Appropriation.--There is appropriated out of any money 
in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated for each of fiscal years 
2019 through 2023, $500,000,000, to remain available until expended, 
which shall be used as follows:
            ``(1) Rental assistance.--Except as provided in paragraph 
        (2), such amount shall be used for incremental assistance for 
        rental assistance under section 8(o) of the United States 
        Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)) for persons and 
        households who are homeless (as such term is defined in section 
        103 (42 U.S.C. 11302)), which assistance shall be in addition 
        to such assistance provided pursuant to renewal of expiring 
        contracts for such assistance.
            ``(2) Administrative fees.--The Secretary may use not more 
        than 10 percent of such amounts provided for each fiscal year 
        for administrative fees under 8(q) of the United States Housing 
        Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(q)). The Secretary shall establish 
        policies and procedures to provide such fees to the extent 
        necessary to assist homeless persons and families on whose 
        behalf rental assistance is provided to find and maintain 
        suitable housing.
    ``(b) Allocation.--The Secretary shall make assistance provided 
under this section available to public housing agencies based on 
geographical need for such assistance by homeless persons and 
households, as identified by the Secretary, public housing agency 
administrative performance, and other factors as specified by the 
Secretary.
    ``(c) Availability.--Assistance made available under this section 
shall continue to remain available only for homeless persons and 
households upon turn-over.
    ``(d) Renewal Funding.--Renewal of expiring contracts for rental 
assistance provided under subsection (a) and for administrative fees 
under such subsection shall, to the extent provided in appropriation 
Acts, be funded under the section 8 tenant-based rental assistance 
account.
    ``(e) Waiver Authority.--Upon a finding by the Secretary that a 
waiver or alternative requirement pursuant to this subsection is 
necessary to ensure that homeless persons and households can obtain 
housing using rental assistance made available under this section, the 
Secretary may waive, or specify alternative requirements for, any 
provision of any statute or regulation that the Secretary administers 
in connection with the use of funds made available under this section 
(except for requirements related to fair housing, nondiscrimination, 
labor standards, and the environment) that relates to screening of 
applicants for assistance, admission of applicants, and selection of 
tenants. The Secretary shall require public housing agencies receiving 
rental assistance funding made available under this section to take all 
reasonable actions to help assisted persons and families avoid 
subsequent homelessness.

``SEC. 453. OUTREACH FUNDING.

    ``(a) Direct Appropriation.--There is appropriated out of any money 
in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated for each of fiscal years 
2019 through 2023, $100,000,000, to remain available until expended, to 
the Secretary for grants under this section to provide outreach and 
coordinate services for persons and households who are homeless or 
formerly homeless.
    ``(b) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants under 
        this section on a competitive basis only to collaborative 
        applicants who comply with section 402.
            ``(2) Priority.--The competition for grants under this 
        section shall provide priority to collaborative applicants who 
        submit plans to make innovative and effective use of staff 
        funded with grant amounts pursuant to subsection (c).
    ``(c) Use of Grants.--A collaborative applicant that receives a 
grant under this section may use such grant amounts only for providing 
case managers, social workers, or other staff who conduct outreach and 
coordinate services for persons and households who are homeless or 
formerly homeless.
    ``(d) Timing.--
            ``(1) Criteria to be established swiftly.--The Secretary 
        shall establish the criteria for the competition for grants 
        under this section required under subsection (b) not later than 
        60 days after the date of enactment of this section.
            ``(2) Distribution.--Amounts appropriated or otherwise made 
        available under this section shall be distributed according to 
        the competition established by the Secretary pursuant to 
        subsection (b) not later than 30 days after the establishment 
        of such criteria.''.

SEC. 7103. HOUSING TRUST FUND.

    (a) Funding.--
            (1) Annual funding.--There is appropriated, out of any 
        money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for fiscal 
        year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter, $1,000,000,000, to 
        remain available until expended, which shall be credited to the 
        Housing Trust Fund established pursuant to section 1338 of the 
        Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act 
        of 1992 (12 U.S.C. 4568) for use under such section.
            (2) Rental assistance.--There is appropriated, out of any 
        money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for fiscal 
        year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter, $50,000,000, to 
        remain available until expended, for incremental project-based 
        voucher assistance or project-based rental assistance, to be 
        allocated to States pursuant to the formula established under 
        section 1338 of the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial 
        Safety and Soundness Act of 1992 (12 U.S.C. 4568), to be used 
        solely in conjunction with grant funds awarded under such 
        section 1338.
            (3) Priority for housing the homeless.--
                    (A) Priority.--During the first 5 fiscal years that 
                amounts are made available under this subsection, the 
                Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall ensure 
                that priority for occupancy in dwelling units described 
                in subparagraph (B) that become available for occupancy 
                shall be given to persons and households who are 
                homeless (as such term is defined in section 103 of the 
                McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 
                11302)).
                    (B) Covered dwelling units.--A dwelling unit 
                described in this subparagraph is any dwelling unit 
                that--
                            (i) is located in housing that was at any 
                        time provided assistance with any amounts from 
                        the Housing Trust Fund referred to paragraph 
                        (1) that were credited to such Trust Fund by 
                        such paragraph; or
                            (ii) is receiving assistance described in 
                        paragraph (2) with amounts made available under 
                        such paragraph.
    (b) Tenant Rent Contribution.--
            (1) Limitation.--Subparagraph (A) of section 1338(c)(7) of 
        the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness 
        Act of 1992 (12 U.S.C. 4568(c)(7)(A)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``except that not less than 75 
                percent'' and inserting the following: ``except that--
                            ``(i) not less than 75 percent'';
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                            ``(ii) notwithstanding any other provision 
                        of law, all rental housing dwelling units shall 
                        be subject to legally binding commitments that 
                        ensure that the contribution toward rent by a 
                        family residing in the dwelling unit shall not 
                        exceed 30 percent of the adjusted income (as 
                        such term is defined in section 3(b) of the 
                        United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 
                        1437a(b))) of such family; and''.
            (2) Regulations.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban 
        Development shall issue regulations to implement section 
        1338(c)(7)(A)(ii) of the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial 
        Safety and Soundness Act of 1992, as added by the amendment 
        made by paragraph (1)(B) of this section, not later than the 
        expiration of the 90-day period beginning on the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.

SEC. 7104. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FUNDS TO HELP STATES AND LOCAL 
              ORGANIZATIONS ALIGN HEALTH AND HOUSING SYSTEMS.

    (a) Funding.--There is hereby made available to the Secretary of 
Housing and Urban Development $20,000,000, to remain available until 
expended, for providing technical assistance under section 405 of the 
McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11361(b)) in 
connection with expanding the Healthcare and Housing (H2) Systems 
Integration Initiative of the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
Development, in collaboration with the United States Interagency 
Council on Homelessness and the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
    (b) Use.--In expanding the Initiative referred to in subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall seek to--
            (1) assist States and localities in integrating and 
        aligning policies and funding between Medicaid programs, 
        behavioral health providers, and housing providers to create 
        supportive housing opportunities; and
            (2) engage State Medicaid program directors, Governors, 
        State housing and homelessness agencies, any other relevant 
        State offices, and any relevant local government entities, to 
        assist States in increasing use of their Medicaid programs to 
        finance supportive services for homeless persons.
    (c) Priority.--In using amounts made available under this section, 
the Secretary shall give priority to use for States and localities 
having the highest numbers of chronically homeless persons.

SEC. 7105. PERMANENT AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR MCKINNEY-VENTO 
              HOMELESS ASSISTANCE ACT GRANTS.

    Section 408 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 
U.S.C. 11364) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 408. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title 
such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year.''.

SEC. 7106. PERMANENT EXTENSION OF UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON 
              HOMELESSNESS.

    Section 209 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 
U.S.C. 11319) is hereby repealed.

SEC. 7107. EMERGENCY DESIGNATION.

    (a) In General.--The amounts provided by this subtitle, and the 
amendments made by this subtitle, are designated as an emergency 
requirement pursuant to section 4(g) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act 
of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(g)).
    (b) Designation in Senate.--In the Senate, this subtitle and the 
amendments made by this subtitle are designated as an emergency 
requirement pursuant to section 403(a) of S. Con. Res. 13 (111th 
Congress), the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 
2010.

                    Subtitle B--Tenant Blacklisting

SEC. 7201. TENANT BLACKLISTING.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the terms ``consumer'', ``consumer report'', and 
        ``nationwide specialty consumer reporting agency'' have the 
        meanings given those terms in section 603 of the Fair Credit 
        Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681a); and
            (2) the term ``tenant rating agency'' means a nationwide 
        specialty consumer reporting agency described in section 
        603(x)(2) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 
        1681a(x)(2)).
    (b) Amendments to the Fair Credit Reporting Act.--The Fair Credit 
Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 605 (15 U.S.C. 1681c), by adding at the end 
        the following:
    ``(i) Housing Court Records.--A consumer reporting agency may not 
make a consumer report containing a landlord-tenant court or other 
housing court record, unless--
            ``(1) the case to which the record pertains resulted in a 
        judgment of possession;
            ``(2) the decision of the court in the case to which the 
        record pertains is not being appealed; and
            ``(3) the record antedates the consumer report by not more 
        than 3 years.'';
            (2) in section 611(a) (15 U.S.C. 1681i(a))--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``or by 
                submitting a notice of the dispute through the 
                centralized source described in section 612(a)(1)(B) or 
                the centralized source required to be established under 
                section 721(c) of the Jobs and Justice Act of 2018'' 
                after ``through a reseller''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``or a reseller'' 
                                and inserting ``a reseller, or a 
                                centralized source''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``or reseller'' 
                                and inserting ``reseller, or 
                                centralized source''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``or 
                        the reseller'' and inserting ``the reseller, or 
                        the centralized source'';
            (3) in section 615 (15 U.S.C. 1681m), by adding at the end 
        the following:
    ``(i) Additional Duty of Users Taking Adverse Actions on the Basis 
of Housing Court Records Contained in Consumer Reports.--If any person 
takes any adverse action with respect to a consumer that is based in 
whole or in part on a landlord-tenant court or other housing record 
contained in a consumer report, the person shall provide to the 
consumer a free copy of the consumer report used by the person in 
taking the adverse action.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 630. CIVIL LIABILITY FOR CREATING REPORTS WITH INACCURATE 
              HOUSING COURT RECORDS.

    ``Any person who willfully makes a consumer report with respect to 
a consumer that contains an inaccurate landlord-tenant court or other 
housing record is liable to the consumer in an amount equal to the sum 
of--
            ``(1) any actual damages sustained by the consumer as a 
        result of making that consumer report or damages of not less 
        than $500 and not more than $1,500;
            ``(2) such amount of punitive damages as the court may 
        allow; and
            ``(3) in the case of any successful action to enforce any 
        liability under this section, the costs of the action together 
        with reasonable attorney's fees as determined by the court.''.
    (c) Regulations Applicable to Clearinghouse System.--Not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Bureau of Consumer 
Financial Protection shall issue regulations--
            (1) applicable to tenant rating agencies to require the 
        establishment of--
                    (A) a centralized source through which consumers 
                may--
                            (i) obtain a consumer report from each such 
                        tenant rating agency once during any 12-month 
                        period, using a single request, and without 
                        charge to the consumer, as provided in section 
                        612(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 
                        U.S.C. 1681j(a)); and
                            (ii) submit a notice of a dispute of 
                        inaccurate information, as provided in section 
                        611(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 
                        U.S.C. 1681i(a)); and
                    (B) a standardized form for a consumer to make a 
                request for a consumer report under subparagraph (A)(i) 
                or submit a notice of dispute under subparagraph 
                (A)(ii) by mail or through an Internet website; and
            (2) to provide that a consumer may submit a notice of 
        dispute of inaccurate information through the centralized 
        source established in accordance with section 211(c) of the 
        Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 (15 U.S.C. 
        1681j note), as provided in section 611(a) of the Fair Credit 
        Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681i(a)), using the standardized form 
        described in paragraph (1)(B).
    (d) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection shall conduct a 
study and submit to Congress a report on the status of tenant rating 
agencies and the compliance of tenant rating agencies under the Fair 
Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), including a gap analysis 
of laws and resources to deter noncompliance with the intent and 
purpose of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.).

SEC. 7202. CAPITAL FUND AMOUNTS FOR LARGE PUBLIC HOUSING AGENCIES.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to any amounts 
authorized to be appropriated for formula grants to public housing 
agencies from the Capital Fund pursuant to section 9(d)(2) of the 
United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g(d)(2)), there is 
authorized to be appropriated $4,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2018 through 2022 for the Public Housing Capital Fund Program under 
section 9(d) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 
1437g(b)).
    (b) Eligible Public Housing Agencies.--Any amounts appropriated 
pursuant to this section shall be used by the Secretary of Housing and 
Urban Development only for grants to public housing agencies that own 
or administer more than 10,000 public housing dwelling units.
    (c) Eligible Uses.--Funds from grants made with amounts 
appropriated pursuant to this section may be used only for eligible 
capital activities under section 9(d)(1) of the United States Housing 
Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437g(d)(1)). Section 9(g)(3) of such Act shall 
not apply to any such grant funds.

SEC. 7203. ASSISTANCE TO NEIGHBORWORKS FOR MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE 
              MITIGATION ACTIVITIES.

    There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000, for each of 
fiscal years 2018 through 2022 for assistance to the Neighborhood 
Reinvestment Corporation for mortgage foreclosure mitigation 
activities, under the following terms and conditions:
            (1) Mortgage foreclosure mitigation counseling.--
                    (A) The Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (in 
                this section referred to as the ``NRC'') may make 
                grants under this paragraph to counseling 
                intermediaries approved by the Department of Housing 
                and Urban Development (in this section referred to as 
                ``HUD'') (with match to be determined by NRC based on 
                affordability and the economic conditions of an area; a 
                match also may be waived by NRC based on the 
                aforementioned conditions) to provide mortgage 
                foreclosure mitigation assistance to the 15 States with 
                highest rates of home mortgage defaults and 
                foreclosures, as of January 1, 2018, to help eliminate 
                the default and foreclosure of mortgages of owner-
                occupied single-family homes that are at risk of such 
                foreclosure and located in metropolitan statistical 
                areas having the greatest such need. Other than areas 
                with high rates of defaults and foreclosures, grants 
                may also be provided to approved counseling 
                intermediaries based on a geographic analysis of the 
                Nation by NRC which determines where there is a 
                prevalence of mortgages that are risky and likely to 
                fail, including any trends for mortgages that are 
                likely to default and face foreclosure. A State Housing 
                Finance Agency may also be eligible where the State 
                Housing Finance Agency meets all the requirements under 
                this paragraph. A HUD-approved counseling intermediary 
                shall meet certain mortgage foreclosure mitigation 
                assistance counseling requirements, as determined by 
                NRC, and shall be approved by HUD or NRC as meeting 
                these requirements.
                    (B) Mortgage foreclosure mitigation assistance 
                shall only be made available to homeowners of owner-
                occupied homes with mortgages in default or in danger 
                of default. These mortgages shall likely be subject to 
                a foreclosure action and homeowners will be provided 
                such assistance that shall consist of activities that 
                are likely to prevent foreclosures and result in the 
                long-term affordability of the mortgage retained 
                pursuant to such activity or another positive outcome 
                for the homeowner. No funds made available pursuant to 
                this paragraph may be provided directly to lenders or 
                homeowners to discharge outstanding mortgage balances 
                or for any other direct debt reduction payments.
                    (C) The use of mortgage foreclosure mitigation 
                assistance by approved counseling intermediaries and 
                State Housing Finance Agencies shall involve a 
                reasonable analysis of the borrower's financial 
                situation, an evaluation of the current value of the 
                property that is subject to the mortgage, counseling 
                regarding the assumption of the mortgage by another 
                non-Federal party, counseling regarding the possible 
                purchase of the mortgage by a non-Federal third party, 
                counseling and advice of all likely restructuring and 
                refinancing strategies or the approval of a work-out 
                strategy by all interested parties.
                    (D) NRC may provide up to 15 percent of the total 
                funds made available pursuant to this paragraph to its 
                own charter members with expertise in foreclosure 
                prevention counseling, subject to a certification by 
                NRC that the procedures for selection do not consist of 
                any procedures or activities that could be construed as 
                a conflict of interest or have the appearance of 
                impropriety.
                    (E) HUD-approved counseling entities and State 
                Housing Finance Agencies receiving funds made available 
                pursuant to this paragraph shall have demonstrated 
                experience in successfully working with financial 
                institutions as well as borrowers facing default, 
                delinquency, and foreclosure as well as documented 
                counseling capacity, outreach capacity, past successful 
                performance and positive outcomes with documented 
                counseling plans (including post-mortgage foreclosure 
                mitigation counseling), loan workout agreements, and 
                loan modification agreements. NRC may use other 
                criteria to demonstrate capacity in underserved areas.
                    (F) Of the total amount made available pursuant to 
                this paragraph, up to $250,000 may be made available to 
                build the mortgage foreclosure and default mitigation 
                counseling capacity of counseling intermediaries 
                through NRC training courses with HUD-approved 
                counseling intermediaries and their partners, except 
                that private financial institutions that participate in 
                NRC training shall pay market rates for such training.
                    (G) Of the total amount made available pursuant to 
                this paragraph, up to 5 percent may be used for 
                associated administrative expenses for NRC to carry out 
                activities provided under this paragraph.
                    (H) Mortgage foreclosure mitigation assistance 
                grants may include a budget for outreach and 
                advertising, and training, as determined by NRC.
                    (I) NRC shall report bi-annually to the House and 
                Senate Committees on Appropriations as well as the 
                Senate Banking Committee and House Financial Services 
                Committee on its efforts to mitigate mortgage default.
            (2) Legal assistance.--
                    (A) The Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation may 
                make grants to counseling intermediaries approved by 
                HUD or the NRC to hire attorneys to assist homeowners 
                who have legal issues directly related to the 
                homeowner's foreclosure, delinquency, or short sale.
                    (B) Such attorneys shall be capable of assisting 
                homeowners of owner-occupied homes with mortgages in 
                default, in danger of default, or subject to or at risk 
                of foreclosure and who have legal issues that cannot be 
                handled by counselors already employed by such 
                intermediaries.
                    (C) Grants under this paragraph may only be made to 
                counseling intermediaries and legal organizations that 
                (i) provide legal assistance in the 15 States with the 
                highest rates of home mortgage defaults and 
                foreclosures, as of January 1, 2018, and (ii) have the 
                capacity to begin using the financial assistance within 
                90 days after receipt of the assistance.
                    (D) No funds made available pursuant to this 
                paragraph shall be used to provide, obtain, or arrange 
                on behalf of a homeowner, legal representation 
                involving or for the purposes of civil litigation.

SEC. 7204. INCREMENTAL HOUSING CHOICE VOUCHER ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022 such sums as 
may be necessary to provide in each such fiscal year 20,000 incremental 
vouchers for rental assistance under section 8(o) of the United States 
Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)).
    (b) Eligible Public Housing Agencies.--Any amounts appropriated 
pursuant to this section shall be used by the Secretary of Housing and 
Urban Development only to provide additional amounts for rental 
assistance vouchers for public housing agencies that administer 10,000 
or more vouchers for rental assistance under such section 8(o).

SEC. 7205. EXTENSION OF PILOT PROGRAM.

    Section 258(d) of the National Housing Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z-24(d)) 
is amended by striking ``5-year'' and inserting ``14-year''.

                     Subtitle C--Financial Literacy

SEC. 7301. DISCOUNT ON MORTGAGE INSURANCE PREMIUM PAYMENTS FOR FIRST-
              TIME HOMEBUYERS WHO COMPLETE FINANCIAL LITERACY HOUSING 
              COUNSELING PROGRAMS.

    The second sentence of subparagraph (A) of section 203(c)(2) of the 
National Housing Act (12 U.S.C. 1709(c)(2)(A)) is amended by striking 
``not exceed 2.75 percent of the amount of the original insured 
principal obligation of the mortgage'' and inserting ``be 25 basis 
points lower than the premium payment amount established by the 
Secretary under the first sentence of this subparagraph''.

SEC. 7302. YOUNG AMERICANS FINANCIAL LITERACY.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds as follows:
            (1) That 87 percent of Americans believe finance education 
        should be taught in schools and 92 percent of K-12 teachers 
        believe that financial education should be taught in school, 
        but only 12 percent of teachers actually teach the subject.
            (2) According to a 2016 survey, 1 in 3 States require high 
        school students to take a personal finance course, and only 5 
        States require high school students to take a semester long 
        personal finance course.
            (3) The percentage of Americans grading themselves with an 
        A or B in personal finance knowledge has declined from 60 
        percent in 2013 to 56 percent in 2016. In 2016, 75 percent of 
        Americans admitted they could benefit from additional advice 
        and answers to everyday financial questions from a 
        professional. Most adults feel that their financial literacy 
        skills are inadequate, yet they do not rely on anyone else to 
        handle their finances; they feel it is important to know more 
        but have received no financial education.
            (4) It is necessary to respond immediately to the pressing 
        needs of individuals faced with the loss of their financial 
        stability; however increased attention must also be paid to 
        financial literacy education reform and long-term solutions to 
        prevent future personal financial disasters.
            (5) Research-based financial literacy education programs 
        are needed to reach individuals at all ages and socioeconomic 
        levels, particularly those facing unique and challenging 
        financial situations, such as high school graduates entering 
        the workforce, soon-to-be and recent college graduates, young 
        families, and to address the unique needs of military personnel 
        and their families.
            (6) High school and college students who are exposed to 
        cumulative financial education show an increase in financial 
        knowledge, which in turn drives increasingly responsible 
        behavior as they become young adults.
            (7) Sixty percent of parents identify their teens as 
        ``quick spenders'', and most acknowledge they could do a better 
        job of teaching and preparing kids for the financial challenges 
        of adulthood, including budgeting, saving, and investing.
            (8) The majority (52 percent) of young adults ages 23 
        through 28 consider ``making better choices about managing 
        money'', the single most important issue for individual 
        Americans to act on today.
            (9) According to the Government Accountability Office, 
        giving Americans the information they need to make effective 
        financial decisions can be key to their well-being and to the 
        country's economic health. The recent financial crisis, when 
        many borrowers failed to fully understand the risks associated 
        with certain financial products, underscored the need to 
        improve individuals' financial literacy and empower all 
        Americans to make informed financial decisions. This is 
        especially true for young people as they are earning their 
        first paychecks, securing student aid, and establishing their 
        financial independence. Therefore, focusing economic education 
        and financial literacy efforts and best practices for young 
        people ages 8 through 24 is of utmost importance.
    (b) Authorization for Funding the Establishment of Centers of 
Excellence in Financial Literacy Education.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Bureau of Consumer 
        Financial Protection, in consultation with the Financial 
        Literacy and Education Commission established under the 
        Financial Literacy and Education Improvement Act, shall make 
        competitive grants to and enter into agreements with eligible 
        institutions to establish centers of excellence to support 
        research, development and planning, implementation, and 
        evaluation of effective programs in financial literacy 
        education for young people and families ages 8 through 24 years 
        old.
            (2) Authorized activities.--Activities authorized to be 
        funded by grants made under paragraph (1) shall include the 
        following:
                    (A) Developing and implementing comprehensive 
                research based financial literacy education programs 
                for young people--
                            (i) based on a set of core competencies and 
                        concepts established by the Director, including 
                        goal setting, planning, budgeting, managing 
                        money or transactions, tools and structures, 
                        behaviors, consequences, both long- and short-
                        term savings, managing debt and earnings; and
                            (ii) which can be incorporated into 
                        educational settings through existing academic 
                        content areas, including materials that 
                        appropriately serve various segments of at-risk 
                        populations, particularly minority and 
                        disadvantaged individuals.
                    (B) Designing instructional materials using 
                evidence-based content for young families and 
                conducting related outreach activities to address 
                unique life situations and financial pitfalls, 
                including bankruptcy, foreclosure, credit card misuse, 
                and predatory lending.
                    (C) Developing and supporting the delivery of 
                professional development programs in financial literacy 
                education to assure competence and accountability in 
                the delivery system.
                    (D) Improving access to, and dissemination of, 
                financial literacy information for young people and 
                families.
                    (E) Reducing student loan default rates by 
                developing programs to help individuals better 
                understand how to manage educational debt through 
                sustained educational programs for college students.
                    (F) Conducting ongoing research and evaluation of 
                financial literacy education programs to assure 
                learning of defined skills and knowledge, and retention 
                of learning.
                    (G) Developing research-based assessment and 
                accountability of the appropriate applications of 
                learning over short and long terms to measure 
                effectiveness of authorized activities.
            (3) Priority for certain applications.--The Director shall 
        give a priority to applications that--
                    (A) provide clear definitions of ``financial 
                literacy'' and ``financially literate'' to clarify 
                educational outcomes;
                    (B) establish parameters for identifying the types 
                of programs that most effectively reach young people 
                and families in unique life situations and financial 
                pitfalls, including bankruptcy, foreclosure, credit 
                card misuse, and predatory lending;
                    (C) include content that is appropriate to age and 
                socioeconomic levels;
                    (D) develop programs based on educational 
                standards, definitions, and research;
                    (E) include individual goals of financial 
                independence and stability; and
                    (F) establish professional development and delivery 
                systems using evidence-based practices.
            (4) Application and evaluation standards and procedures; 
        distribution criteria.--The Director shall establish 
        application and evaluation standards and procedures, 
        distribution criteria, and such other forms, standards, 
        definitions, and procedures as the Director determines to be 
        appropriate.
            (5) Limitation on grant amounts.--
                    (A) In general.--The aggregate amount of grants 
                made under this subsection during any fiscal year may 
                not exceed $55,000,000.
                    (B) Termination.--No grants may be made under this 
                subsection after the end of fiscal year 2019.
            (6) Definitions.--For purposes of this section the 
        following definitions shall apply:
                    (A) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the 
                Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial 
                Protection.
                    (B) Eligible institution.--The term ``eligible 
                institution'' means a partnership of two or more of the 
                following:
                            (i) Institution of higher education.
                            (ii) Local educational agency.
                            (iii) A nonprofit agency, organization, or 
                        association.
                            (iv) A financial institution.
                    (C) Institution of higher education.--The term 
                ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning 
                given such term in section 101 of the Higher Education 
                Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).

SEC. 7303. OFFICE FOR UNDER-BANKED AND UN-BANKED CONSUMERS.

    Section 1013 of the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010 (12 
U.S.C. 5493) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(i) Office for Under-Banked and Un-Banked Consumers.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Before the end of the 90-day period 
        beginning on the date of the enactment of the subsection, the 
        Bureau shall establish an Office for Under-Banked and Un-Banked 
        Consumers (hereinafter referred to as the `Office'), the 
        functions of which shall include activities designed to better 
        assess the reasons for the lack of, and help increase the 
        participation of, under-banked and un-banked consumers in the 
        banking system, including the coordination with other Federal 
        and State financial services agencies on this matter to ensure 
        the most efficient and effective use of governmental resources.
            ``(2) Duties.--The Office shall--
                    ``(A) conduct research to identify any causes and 
                challenges contributing to the decision of individuals 
                who, and households that, choose not to initiate or 
                maintain on-going and sustainable relationships with 
                depository institutions, including consulting with 
                trade associations representing minority depository 
                institutions, and organizations representing the 
                interests of traditionally underserved consumers and 
                communities, and organizations representing the 
                interests of consumers, particularly low- and moderate-
                income individuals, civil rights groups, community 
                groups, and consumer advocates, about this matter;
                    ``(B) identify best practices, develop and 
                implement strategies to increase the participation of 
                under-banked and un-banked consumers in the banking 
                system; and
                    ``(C) submit a report to Congress, within two years 
                of the establishment of the Office and annually 
                thereafter, that identifies any factors impeding the 
                ability to, or limiting the option for, individuals or 
                households to have access to on-going and sustainable 
                relationships with depository institutions to meet 
                their financial needs, discusses any regulatory, legal, 
                or structural barriers to enhancing participation of 
                under-banked and un-banked consumers with depository 
                institutions, and contains regulatory and legislative 
                recommendations to promote better participation for all 
                consumers with the banking system.''.

                      Subtitle D--Housing Fairness

SEC. 7401. TESTING FOR DISCRIMINATION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
shall conduct a nationwide program of testing to--
            (1) detect and document differences in the treatment of 
        persons seeking to rent or purchase housing or obtain or 
        refinance a home mortgage loan, and measure patterns of adverse 
        treatment because of the race, color, religion, sex, familial 
        status, disability status, or national origin of a renter, home 
        buyer, or borrower; and
            (2) measure the prevalence of such discriminatory practices 
        across the housing and mortgage lending markets as a whole.
    (b) Administration.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
shall enter into agreements with qualified fair housing enforcement 
organizations, as such organizations are defined under subsection (h) 
of section 561 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 (42 
U.S.C. 3616a(h)), for the purpose of conducting the testing required 
under subsection (a).
    (c) Program Requirements.--The Secretary shall--
            (1) submit to the Congress an evaluation by the Secretary 
        of the effectiveness of the program under this section; and
            (2) issue regulations that require each application for the 
        program under this section to contain--
                    (A) a description of the assisted activities 
                proposed to be undertaken by the applicant;
                    (B) a description of the experience of the 
                applicant in formulating or carrying out programs to 
                carry out the activities described in subsection (a); 
                and
                    (C) a description of proposed procedures to be used 
                by the applicant for evaluating the results of the 
                activities proposed to be carried out under the 
                program.
    (d) Report.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall 
report to Congress--
            (1) on a biennial basis, the aggregate outcomes of testing 
        required under subsection (a) along with any recommendations or 
        proposals for legislative or administrative action to address 
        any issues raised by such testing; and
            (2) on an annual basis, a detailed summary of the messages 
        received by the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity of 
        the Department through its 24-hour toll-free telephone hotline, 
        through electronic mail, and through its website.
The Secretary may submit the reports required under paragraph (1) of 
this subsection as part of the reports prepared in accordance with 
paragraphs (2) and (6) of section 808(e) of the Fair Housing Act (42 
U.S.C. 3608(e)) and section 561(j) of the Housing and Community 
Development Act of 1987 (42 U.S.C. 3616a(j)).
    (e) Use of Results.--The results of any testing required under 
subsection (a) may be used as the basis for the Secretary, or any 
Federal agency authorized to bring such an enforcement action, or any 
State or local government or agency, public or private nonprofit 
organization or institution, or other public or private entity that the 
Secretary has entered into a contract or cooperative agreement with 
under section 561 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 
(42 U.S.C. 3616a) to commence, undertake, or pursue any investigation 
or enforcement action to remedy any discriminatory housing practice (as 
such term is defined in section 802 of the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 
3602)) uncovered as a result of such testing.
    (f) Definitions.--As used in this section:
            (1) Disability status.--The term ``disability status'' has 
        the same meaning given the term ``handicap'' in section 802 of 
        the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3602).
            (2) Familial status.--The term ``familial status'' has the 
        same meaning given that term in section 802 of the Civil Rights 
        Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3602).
    (g) Relationship to Other Laws.--Nothing in this section may be 
construed to amend, alter, or affect any provision of criminal law or 
the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.).
    (h) Regulations.--Not later than the expiration of the 180-day 
period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall issue regulations that 
establish minimum standards for the training of testers of 
organizations conducting testing required under subsection (a). Such 
regulations shall serve as the basis of an evaluation of such testers, 
which shall be developed by the Secretary, and such regulations shall 
be issued after notice and an opportunity for public comment in 
accordance with the procedure under section 553 of title 5, United 
States Code, applicable to substantive rules (notwithstanding 
subsections (a)(2), (b)(3)(B), and (d)(3) of such section).
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out the provisions of this section $15,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

SEC. 7402. INCREASE IN FUNDING FOR THE FAIR HOUSING INITIATIVES 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 561 of the Housing and Community 
Development Act of 1987 (42 U.S.C. 3616a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``qualified'' 
                before ``private nonprofit fair housing enforcement 
                organizations,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``qualified'' 
                before ``private nonprofit fair housing enforcement 
                organizations,'';
            (2) by striking subsection (g) and inserting the following:
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out the provisions of this section $42,500,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, of which--
                    ``(A) not less than 75 percent of such amounts 
                shall be for private enforcement initiatives authorized 
                under subsection (b);
                    ``(B) not more than 10 percent of such amounts 
                shall be for education and outreach programs under 
                subsection (d); and
                    ``(C) any remaining amounts shall be used for 
                program activities authorized under this section.
            ``(2) Availability.--Any amount appropriated under this 
        section shall remain available until expended to carry out the 
        provisions of this section.'';
            (3) in subsection (h), in the matter following subparagraph 
        (C), by inserting ``and meets the criteria described in 
        subparagraphs (A) and (C)'' after ``subparagraph (B)''; and
            (4) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking the 
                        period and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding after subparagraph (D) the 
                        following new subparagraph:
                    ``(E) websites and other media outlets.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or other public 
                or private entities'' and inserting ``or other public 
                or private nonprofit entities''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``or other public 
                or private entities'' and inserting ``or other public 
                or private nonprofit entities''.
    (b) Regulations.--Not later than the expiration of the 180-day 
period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall issue regulations that 
establish minimum standards for the training of testers of 
organizations funded with any amounts made available to carry out this 
section for any of fiscal years 2015 through 2019. Such regulations 
shall serve as the basis of an evaluation of such testers, which shall 
be developed by the Secretary, and shall be issued after notice and an 
opportunity for public comment in accordance with the procedure under 
section 553 of title 5, United States Code, applicable to substantive 
rules (notwithstanding subsections (a)(2), (b)(3)(B), and (d)(3) of 
such section).

SEC. 7403. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
Development should--
            (1) fully comply with the requirements of section 561(d) of 
        the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 (42 U.S.C. 
        3616a(d)) to establish, design, and maintain a national 
        education and outreach program to provide a centralized, 
        coordinated effort for the development and dissemination of the 
        fair housing rights of individuals who seek to rent, purchase, 
        sell, or facilitate the sale of a home;
            (2) expend for such education and outreach programs all 
        amounts appropriated for such programs;
            (3) promulgate regulations regarding the fair housing 
        obligations of each recipient of Federal housing and community 
        development funds to affirmatively further fair housing, as 
        that term is defined under title VIII of the Civil Rights Act 
        of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.); and
            (4) fully comply with the requirements of section 810(a) of 
        the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3610(a)).

SEC. 7404. GRANTS TO PRIVATE ENTITIES TO STUDY HOUSING DISCRIMINATION.

    (a) Grant Program.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 
shall carry out a competitive matching grant program to assist public 
and private nonprofit organizations in--
            (1) conducting comprehensive studies that examine--
                    (A) the causes of housing discrimination and 
                segregation;
                    (B) the effects of housing discrimination and 
                segregation on education, poverty, and economic 
                development; or
                    (C) the incidences, causes, and effects of housing 
                discrimination and segregation on veterans and military 
                personnel; and
            (2) implementing pilot projects that test solutions that 
        will help prevent or alleviate housing discrimination and 
        segregation.
    (b) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, a public or private nonprofit organization shall--
            (1) submit an application to the Secretary of Housing and 
        Urban Development, containing such information as the Secretary 
        shall require;
            (2) agree to provide matching non-Federal funds for 50 
        percent of the total amount of the grant, which matching funds 
        may include items donated on an in-kind contribution basis; and
            (3) meet the requirements of a qualified fair housing 
        enforcement organization, as such term is defined in section 
        561(h) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 (42 
        U.S.C. 3616a(h)), or subcontract with a qualified fair housing 
        enforcement organization as a primary subcontractor.
    (c) Report.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall 
submit a report to the Congress on a biennial basis that provides a 
detailed summary of the results of the comprehensive studies and pilot 
projects carried out under subsection (a), together with any 
recommendations or proposals for legislative or administrative actions 
to address any issues raised by such studies. The Secretary may submit 
the reports required under this subsection as part of the reports 
prepared in accordance with paragraphs (2) and (6) of section 808(e) of 
the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3608(e)) and section 561(j) of the 
Housing and Community Development Act of 1987 (42 U.S.C. 3616a(j)).
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out the provisions of this section $5,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

SEC. 7405. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.

    None of the funds made available under this Act, or the amendments 
made by this Act, may be used for any political activities, political 
advocacy, or lobbying (as such terms are defined by Circular A-122 of 
the Office of Management and Budget, entitled ``Cost Principles for 
Non-Profit Organizations''), or for expenses for travel to engage in 
political activities or preparation of or provision of advice on tax 
returns.

                         TITLE VIII--EDUCATION

             Subtitle A--Elementary and Secondary Education

                PART 1--SUPPORTING PROMISE NEIGHBORHOODS

SEC. 8001. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this part is to significantly improve academic 
outcomes, including school readiness, high school graduation, and 
college entry and success of children living in our Nation's most 
distressed neighborhoods, by using data-driven decisionmaking and 
existing external resources to provide children in such neighborhoods 
with access to a community-based continuum of high-quality pipeline 
services that include access to early learning opportunities, high-
quality schools, and best available evidence that address the needs of 
such children from birth through college and career.

SEC. 8002. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided, the terms 
        used in this part have the meanings given the terms in section 
        8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 7801).
            (2) Child.--The term ``child'' means an individual from 
        birth through age 21.
            (3) College and career readiness.--The term ``college and 
        career readiness'' means the level of preparation a student 
        needs in order to--
                    (A) enroll and succeed, without remediation, in 
                credit-bearing courses at an institution of higher 
                education;
                    (B) demonstrate the full range of knowledge and 
                perform the full range of workplace skills necessary to 
                succeed and advance in 21st century careers, such as 
                higher-order thinking, collaboration and teamwork, and 
                oral and written communication skills; and
                    (C) complete a program leading to an industry-
                recognized credential that prepares graduates to obtain 
                employment with family-sustaining wages and 
                opportunities for advancement.
            (4) Community of practice.--The term ``community of 
        practice'' means a group of entities that interact regularly to 
        share best practices to address one or more persistent 
        problems, or improve practice with respect to such problems, in 
        one or more neighborhoods.
            (5) Expanded learning time.--The term ``expanded learning 
        time'' means using a longer school day, week, or year schedule 
        to significantly increase the total number of school hours to 
        include additional time for--
                    (A) instruction in core academic subjects;
                    (B) instruction in other subjects and enrichment 
                and other activities that contribute to a well-rounded 
                education, including music and the arts, physical 
                education, service-learning, and experiential and work-
                based learning opportunities (such as community 
                service, learning apprenticeships, internships, and job 
                shadowing); and
                    (C) instructional and support staff to collaborate, 
                plan, and engage in professional development, including 
                on family and community engagement, within and across 
                grades and subjects.
            (6) Family and community engagement.--The term ``family and 
        community engagement'' means the process of engaging family and 
        community members in education meaningfully and at all stages 
        of the planning, implementation, and school and neighborhood 
        improvement process, including, at a minimum--
                    (A) disseminating a clear definition of the 
                neighborhood to the members of the neighborhood;
                    (B) ensuring representative participation by the 
                members of such neighborhood in the planning and 
                implementation of the activities of each grant awarded 
                under this part;
                    (C) regular engagement by the eligible entity and 
                the partners of the eligible entity with family members 
                and community partners;
                    (D) the provision of strategies and practices to 
                assist family and community members in actively 
                supporting student achievement and child and youth 
                development; and
                    (E) collaboration with institutions of higher 
                education and employers to align expectations and 
                programming with college and career readiness.
            (7) Family and student supports.--The term ``family and 
        student supports'' includes--
                    (A) health programs (including both mental health 
                and physical health services);
                    (B) school-, public-, and child-safety programs;
                    (C) programs that improve family stability;
                    (D) employment programs (including those that meet 
                local business needs, such as internships and 
                externships);
                    (E) social service programs;
                    (F) legal aid programs;
                    (G) financial education programs;
                    (H) adult education and family literacy programs;
                    (I) family and community engagement programs; and
                    (J) programs that increase access to learning 
                technology and enhance the digital literacy skills of 
                students.
            (8) Family member.--The term ``family member'' means a 
        parent (as defined in section 8101 the Elementary and Secondary 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)), relative, or other 
        adult who is responsible for the education, care, and well-
        being of a child.
            (9) Integrated student supports.--The term ``integrated 
        student supports'' means services, supports, and community 
        resources, which shall be offered through a site coordinator 
        for at-risk students, that have been shown by evidence-based 
        research--
                    (A) to increase academic achievement and 
                engagement;
                    (B) to support positive child and youth 
                development; and
                    (C) to increase student preparedness for success in 
                college and the workforce.
            (10) Neighborhood.--The term ``neighborhood'' means a 
        defined geographical area in which there are multiple signs of 
        distress, demonstrated by indicators of need, including 
        poverty, childhood obesity rates, academic failure, and rates 
        of juvenile delinquency, adjudication, or incarceration.
            (11) Pipeline.--The term ``pipeline'' means a continuum of 
        supports and services (including pipeline services, as defined 
        in this part) for children from birth through college entry, 
        college success, and career attainment.
            (12) Pipeline services.--The term ``pipeline services'' 
        includes, at a minimum, strategies to address through services 
        or programs (including integrated student supports and 
        wraparound services) the following:
                    (A) Prenatal education and support for expectant 
                parents.
                    (B) High-quality early learning opportunities.
                    (C) High-quality schools and out-of-school-time 
                programs and strategies.
                    (D) Support for a child's transition to elementary 
                school, between elementary school and middle school, 
                from middle school to high school, and from high school 
                into and through college and into the workforce.
                    (E) Family and community engagement.
                    (F) Family and student supports.
                    (G) Activities that support college and career 
                readiness, such as--
                            (i) assistance with college admissions, 
                        financial aid, and scholarship applications, 
                        especially for low-income and low-achieving 
                        students; and
                            (ii) career preparation services and 
                        supports.
                    (H) Neighborhood-based support for college-age 
                students who have attended the schools in the pipeline, 
                or students who are members of the community, 
                facilitating their continued connection to the 
                community and success in college and the workforce.

           Subpart A--Promise Neighborhood Partnership Grants

SEC. 8011. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

    (a) In General.--From amounts appropriated under section 8024, the 
Secretary shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible 
entities to implement a comprehensive, evidence-based pipeline that 
engages community partners to improve academic achievement, student 
development, and college and career readiness, measured by common 
outcomes, by carrying out the activities described in section 8014 in 
neighborhoods with high concentrations of low-income individuals and 
persistently low-achieving schools or schools with an achievement gap.
    (b) Duration.--
            (1) In general.--Grants awarded under this subpart shall be 
        for a period of not more than 5 years.
            (2) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew grants under this 
        subpart for an additional period of not more than 5 years, if 
        an eligible entity demonstrates significant success in--
                    (A) ensuring school readiness, including success in 
                early learning;
                    (B) improving academic outcomes, including academic 
                achievement and graduation rates;
                    (C) increasing college and career readiness, 
                including rates of enrollment in institutions of higher 
                education; and
                    (D) improving the health, mental health, and social 
                and emotional well-being of children.
    (c) Continued Funding.--Continued funding after the third year of 
the grant period shall be contingent on the eligible entity's progress 
toward meeting the performance metrics described in section 8016(a).
    (d) Matching Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Each eligible entity receiving a grant 
        under this subpart shall contribute matching funds in an amount 
        equal to not less than 100 percent of the amount of the grant.
            (2) Private funds.--A portion of such funds shall come from 
        private, nongovernmental sources as follows:
                    (A) An eligible entity that includes a local 
                educational agency eligible to receive funding under 
                subpart 1 or 2 of part B of title V of the Elementary 
                and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7345 et 
                seq.)--
                            (i) shall contribute not less than 10 
                        percent of the amount of the grant from 
                        private, nongovernmental sources; and
                            (ii) shall increase this portion gradually 
                        over the life of the grant until it equals or 
                        exceeds 15 percent of the amount of the grant.
                    (B) An eligible entity that includes an Indian 
                tribe or tribal organization, as defined under section 
                4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
                Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b)--
                            (i) shall contribute not less than 10 
                        percent of the amount of the grant from 
                        private, nongovernmental sources; and
                            (ii) shall increase this portion gradually 
                        over the life of the grant until it equals or 
                        exceeds 15 percent of the amount of the grant.
                    (C) An eligible entity not described in 
                subparagraph (A) or (B)--
                            (i) shall contribute not less than 10 
                        percent of the amount of the grant from 
                        private, nongovernmental sources; and
                            (ii) shall increase this portion gradually 
                        over the life of the grant until it equals or 
                        exceeds 25 percent of the amount of the grant.
    (e) Financial Hardship Waiver.--The Secretary may waive or reduce 
the matching requirement described in subsection (d) if the eligible 
entity demonstrates a need due to significant financial hardship.

SEC. 8012. ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.

    In this subpart, the term ``eligible entity'' means a nonprofit 
entity acting as the lead applicant for a grant under this subpart in 
partnership with a local educational agency. Such partnership may also 
include any of the following entities:
            (1) An institution of higher education, as defined in 
        section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1002).
            (2) The office of a chief elected official of a unit of 
        local government.
            (3) An Indian tribe or tribal organization, as defined 
        under section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
        Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).

SEC. 8013. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
subpart, an eligible entity shall submit an application to the 
Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information 
as the Secretary may require.
    (b) Contents of Application.--At a minimum, an application 
described in subsection (a) shall include the following:
            (1) A description of a plan to significantly improve the 
        academic outcomes of children living in an identified 
        neighborhood by providing a pipeline that addresses the 
        neighborhood's needs, as identified by the needs analysis 
        described in paragraph (4) and supported by evidence-based 
        practices.
            (2) A description of the neighborhood that the eligible 
        entity will serve.
            (3) Measurable annual goals for the outcomes of the grant, 
        including--
                    (A) performance goals, in accordance with the 
                metrics described in section 8016(a), for each year of 
                the grant; and
                    (B) projected participation rates and any plans to 
                expand the number of children served or the 
                neighborhood proposed to be served by the grant 
                program.
            (4) An analysis of the needs and assets of the neighborhood 
        identified in paragraph (2), including--
                    (A) a description of the process through which the 
                needs analysis was produced, including a description of 
                how family and community members were engaged in such 
                analysis;
                    (B) an analysis of community assets within, or 
                accessible to, the neighborhood, including, at a 
                minimum--
                            (i) early learning programs, including 
                        high-quality child care, Early Head Start 
                        programs, Head Start programs, and 
                        prekindergarten programs;
                            (ii) the availability of healthy food 
                        options and opportunities for physical 
                        activity;
                            (iii) existing family and student supports;
                            (iv) locally owned businesses and 
                        employers; and
                            (v) institutions of higher education;
                    (C) evidence of successful direct services and 
                collaboration within the neighborhood;
                    (D) the steps that the eligible entity is taking, 
                at the time of the application, to meet the needs 
                identified in the needs analysis; and
                    (E) any barriers the eligible entity, public 
                agencies, and other community-based organizations have 
                faced in meeting such needs.
            (5) A description of the data and evidence base used to 
        identify the pipeline services to be provided, including data 
        regarding--
                    (A) school readiness;
                    (B) academic achievement and college and career 
                readiness;
                    (C) secondary school graduation rates;
                    (D) health indicators, such as rates of childhood 
                obesity or other health and developmental risk factors;
                    (E) college enrollment, persistence, and completion 
                rates; and
                    (F) conditions for learning, including school 
                climate surveys, discipline rates, and student 
                attendance and incident data.
            (6) A description of the process used to develop the 
        application, including the involvement of family and community 
        members.
            (7) An estimate of--
                    (A) the number of children, by age, who will be 
                served by each pipeline service over time; and
                    (B) for each age group, the percentage of children 
                (of such age group), within the neighborhood, who the 
                eligible entity proposes to serve, disaggregated by 
                each service, and the goals for increasing such 
                percentage over time.
            (8) A description of how the pipeline services will include 
        the following activities:
                    (A) Providing high-quality early learning 
                opportunities for children, beginning prenatally and 
                extending through grade 3, by--
                            (i) establishing or supporting high-quality 
                        early learning opportunities that provide 
                        children with full-day, full-year access to 
                        programs that support the cognitive and 
                        developmental skills, including social and 
                        emotional skills, needed for success in 
                        elementary school;
                            (ii) providing for opportunities, through 
                        parenting classes, baby academies, home visits, 
                        or other evidence-based strategies, for 
                        families and expectant parents to--
                                    (I) acquire the skills to promote 
                                early learning, development, and health 
                                and safety, including learning about 
                                child development and positive 
                                discipline strategies (such as through 
                                the use of technology and public media 
                                programming);
                                    (II) learn about the role of 
                                families and expectant parents in their 
                                child's education; and
                                    (III) become informed about 
                                educational opportunities for their 
                                children, including differences in 
                                quality among early learning 
                                opportunities;
                            (iii) ensuring successful transitions 
                        between early learning programs and elementary 
                        school, including through the establishment of 
                        memoranda of understanding between early 
                        learning providers and local educational 
                        agencies serving young children and families;
                            (iv) ensuring appropriate screening, 
                        diagnostic assessments, and referrals for 
                        children with disabilities, developmental 
                        delays, or other special needs;
                            (v) improving the early learning workforce 
                        in the community, including through--
                                    (I) investments in the recruitment, 
                                retention, distribution, and support of 
                                high-quality professionals, especially 
                                those with certification and experience 
                                in child development;
                                    (II) the provision of high-quality 
                                teacher preparation and professional 
                                development;
                                    (III) the use of joint professional 
                                development for early learning 
                                providers and elementary school 
                                teachers and administrators; or
                                    (IV) efforts to increase the pay 
                                and benefits of early learning 
                                professionals; and
                            (vi) enhancing data systems and data 
                        sharing among the eligible entity, partners, 
                        early learning providers, schools, and local 
                        educational agencies operating in the 
                        neighborhood.
                    (B) Supporting, enhancing, operating, or expanding 
                ambitious, rigorous, and comprehensive education 
                reforms designed to significantly improve educational 
                outcomes for children and youth in early learning 
                programs through grade 12, which may include--
                            (i) operating schools or working in close 
                        collaboration with local schools to provide 
                        high-quality academic programs, curricula, and 
                        integrated student supports;
                            (ii) the provision of expanded learning 
                        time; and
                            (iii) the provision of programs and 
                        activities that ensure that students--
                                    (I) are prepared for the college 
                                admissions, scholarship, and financial 
                                aid application processes; and
                                    (II) graduate college and career 
                                ready.
                    (C) Supporting access to a healthy lifestyle, which 
                may include--
                            (i) the provision of high-quality and 
                        nutritious meals;
                            (ii) access to programs that promote 
                        physical activity, physical education, and 
                        fitness; and
                            (iii) education to promote a healthy 
                        lifestyle and positive body image.
                    (D) Providing social, health, and mental health 
                services and supports, including referrals for 
                essential care and preventative screenings, for 
                children, family, and community members, which may 
                include--
                            (i) dental services;
                            (ii) vision care; and
                            (iii) oral and auditory screenings and 
                        referrals.
                    (E) Supporting students and family members as they 
                transition from early learning programs into elementary 
                school, from elementary school to middle school, from 
                middle school to high school, from high school into and 
                through college and into the workforce, including 
                through specialized resources to address challenges 
                that students may face as they transition, such as the 
                following:
                            (i) Early college high schools.
                            (ii) Dual enrollment programs.
                            (iii) Career academies.
                            (iv) Counseling and support services.
                            (v) Dropout prevention and recovery 
                        strategies.
                            (vi) Collaboration with the juvenile 
                        justice system and reentry counseling for 
                        adjudicated youth.
                            (vii) Advanced Placement (AP) or 
                        International Baccalaureate (IB) programs.
                            (viii) Teen parent classrooms.
                            (ix) Graduation and career coaches.
            (9) A description of the strategies that will be used to 
        provide pipeline services (including a description of the 
        process used to identify such strategies and the outcomes 
        expected, and a description of which programs and services will 
        be provided to children, family members, community members, and 
        children not attending schools or programs operated by the 
        eligible entity or its partner providers) to support the 
        purpose of this part.
            (10) An explanation of the process the eligible entity will 
        use to establish and maintain family and community engagement.
            (11) An explanation of how the eligible entity will 
        continuously evaluate and improve the pipeline, including--
                    (A) a description of the metrics, consistent with 
                section 806(a), that will be used to inform each 
                component of the pipeline; and
                    (B) the processes for using data to improve 
                instruction, optimize integrated student supports, 
                provide for continuous program improvement, and hold 
                staff and partner organizations accountable.
            (12) An identification of the fiscal agent, which may be 
        any entity described in section 8012.
            (13) A list of Federal and non-Federal sources of funding 
        that the eligible entity will secure to comply with the 
        matching-funds requirement described in section 8011(d), 
        including other programs funded by the Department of Education, 
        or programs in the Department of Health and Human Services, the 
        Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of 
        Justice, or the Department of Labor.
    (c) Memorandum of Understanding.--An eligible entity, as part of 
the application described in this section, shall submit a preliminary 
memorandum of understanding, signed by each partner entity or agency. 
The preliminary memorandum of understanding shall describe, at a 
minimum--
            (1) each partner's financial and programmatic commitment 
        with respect to the strategies described in the application, 
        including an identification of the fiscal agent;
            (2) each partner's long-term commitment to providing 
        pipeline services that, at a minimum, accounts for the cost of 
        supporting the pipeline (including after grant funds are no 
        longer available) and potential changes in local government;
            (3) each partner's mission and plan that will govern the 
        work that partners do together;
            (4) each partner's long-term commitment to supporting the 
        pipeline through data collection, monitoring, reporting, and 
        sharing; and
            (5) each partner's commitment to ensure sound fiscal 
        management and controls, including evidence of a system of 
        supports and personnel.

SEC. 8014. USE OF FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--Each eligible entity that receives a grant under 
this subpart shall use the grant funds to--
            (1) implement the pipeline services, as described in the 
        application under section 8013; and
            (2) continuously evaluate the success of the program and 
        improve the program based on data and outcomes.
    (b) Special Rules.--Each eligible entity that receives a grant 
under this subpart--
            (1) shall, in the 3rd year of the grant and each subsequent 
        year, including each year of a renewal grant, use not less than 
        80 percent of grant funds to carry out the activities described 
        in subsection (a)(1);
            (2) if it includes an institution of higher education, 
        shall ensure that the institution limits the overhead rate 
        charged by the institution (to cover costs for items such as 
        administration, insurance, and taxes) to not more than 20 
        percent.

SEC. 8015. REPORT AND PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA.

    (a) Report.--Each eligible entity that receives a grant under this 
subpart shall prepare and submit an annual report to the Secretary, 
which shall include--
            (1) information about the number and percentage of 
        children, family members, and community members in the 
        neighborhood who are served by the grant program, including a 
        description of the number and percentage of children accessing 
        each of the pipeline services;
            (2) data (disaggregated by the categories described in 
        section 8033(a)) about the grant program's success in--
                    (A) narrowing achievement gaps and improving 
                student achievement;
                    (B) ensuring school readiness and healthy socio-
                emotional development;
                    (C) increasing student persistence;
                    (D) increasing student attendance, and decreasing 
                incidences of violence, suspension, and expulsion;
                    (E) improving conditions for learning, as measured 
                by a school climate survey;
                    (F) increasing the number and percentage of family 
                members who participate in adult education and family 
                literacy programs and other community activities; and
                    (G) increasing secondary school graduation rates 
                and college entry and completion rates;
            (3) information relating to the performance metrics 
        described in section 8016(a); and
            (4) other indicators that may be required by the Secretary, 
        in consultation with the Director of the Institute of Education 
        Sciences.
    (b) Publicly Available Data.--Each eligible entity that receives a 
grant under this subpart shall make publicly available, including 
through electronic means, the information described in subsection (a). 
To the extent practicable, such information shall be provided in a form 
and language accessible to parents and families in the neighborhood, 
and such information shall be a part of statewide longitudinal data 
systems.

SEC. 8016. ACCOUNTABILITY.

    (a) Performance Metrics.--The Secretary shall establish performance 
metrics relevant to the evaluation of the grant program under this 
subpart.
    (b) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall evaluate the implementation 
and impact of the activities funded under this subpart, in accordance 
with section 8022.

                     Subpart B--General Provisions

SEC. 8021. PLANNING GRANTS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purposes of the planning grant program 
established under this section are to--
            (1) enable communities to assess their needs and assets 
        regarding the unmet needs of children and youth;
            (2) develop appropriate plans to address such unmet needs 
        through the provision of pipeline services; and
            (3) support communities as such communities prepare to 
        apply for a grant under subpart A.
    (b) Planning Grants Authorized.--From the amounts appropriated 
under section 8024, the Secretary may reserve not more than 10 percent 
for planning grants to entities eligible for grants under subpart A.
    (c) Duration.--Grants awarded under this section shall be for a 
period of not more than 1 year, and such grants shall not be renewed.
    (d) Application.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, an eligible entity shall submit an application to 
        the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Secretary may require.
            (2) Contents.--At a minimum, the application described in 
        paragraph (1) shall describe--
                    (A) how the eligible entity will conduct a needs 
                and assets analysis;
                    (B) how the eligible entity will use planning grant 
                funds in accordance with the purpose of this part, 
                including to establish a process to prioritize and 
                allocate resources and services to address the unmet 
                needs of children and youth in the community; and
                    (C) how the eligible entity will use planning grant 
                funds to become more competitive in applying for a 
                grant under subpart A.
    (e) Limitation.--No entity may receive a grant under this section 
while concurrently receiving grant funding under subpart A of this 
part.
    (f) Matching Funds.--The Secretary shall require that each eligible 
entity receiving a grant under this section contribute matching funds 
in an amount equal to not less than 50 percent of the amount of the 
grant. Such matching funds may come from Federal or non-Federal 
sources.

SEC. 8022. EVALUATION.

    From the amounts appropriated under section 8024, the Secretary may 
reserve not more than 3 percent for a national evaluation of the 
activities carried out under subpart A. In conducting such evaluations, 
the Secretary shall--
            (1) direct the Director of the Institute of Education 
        Sciences, in consultation with the relevant program office at 
        the Department, to evaluate the implementation and impact of 
        the activities funded under subpart A, including the costs and 
        benefits of such activities, relative expenditures on different 
        activities in the pipeline, and the impacts of such activities 
        on incarceration and recidivism rates of children in 
        neighborhoods served by grants under such subpart;
            (2) direct the Director of the Institute of Education 
        Sciences to identify best practices to improve the 
        effectiveness of activities funded under subpart A; and
            (3) disseminate research on best practices to significantly 
        improve the academic outcomes of children living in our 
        Nation's most distressed communities.

SEC. 8023. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES.

    From the amounts appropriated under section 8024 for a fiscal year, 
the Secretary may reserve not more than 5 percent for national 
activities, which may include--
            (1) research on the activities carried out under subpart A;
            (2) identifying and disseminating best practices;
            (3) support for the community of practice related to the 
        purposes of this grant, which may include technical assistance 
        and conferences;
            (4) professional development; and
            (5) other activities consistent with the purpose of this 
        part.

SEC. 8024. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part such 
sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2019 and each of the 4 
succeeding fiscal years.

         PART 2--INCREASED ACCESS TO COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION

SEC. 8031. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) Computational thinking.--The term ``computational 
        thinking'' aims to capture the wide range of creative processes 
        that go into formulating problems and their solutions in such a 
        way that the solutions can be carried out by a computer, and 
        may involve some understanding of software and hardware design, 
        logic and the use of abstraction and representation, algorithm 
        design, algorithm expression, problem decomposition, 
        modularity, programming paradigms and languages, issues of 
        information security and privacy, the application of 
        computation across a wide range of disciplines, and the 
        societal impact of computing. Programming is a hands-on, 
        inquiry-based way in which computational thinking may be 
        learned.
            (2) Computer science education.--The term ``computer 
        science education'' includes any of the following: 
        computational thinking; software design; hardware architecture 
        and organization; theoretical foundations; use of abstraction 
        and representation in problem solving; logic; algorithm design 
        and implementation; the limits of computation; programming 
        paradigms and languages; parallel and distributed computing; 
        information security and privacy; computing systems and 
        networks; graphics and visualization; databases and information 
        retrieval; the relationship between computing and mathematics; 
        artificial intelligence; applications of computing across a 
        broad range of disciplines and problems; and the social impacts 
        and professional practices of computing.
            (3) Eligible tribal school.--The term ``eligible Tribal 
        school'' means--
                    (A) a school operated by the Bureau of Indian 
                Education;
                    (B) a school operated pursuant to the Indian Self-
                Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
                450 et seq.); or
                    (C) a tribally controlled school (as defined in 
                section 5212 of the Tribally Controlled Schools Act of 
                1988 (25 U.S.C. 2511)).
            (4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1002).
            (5) Local educational agency.--The term ``local educational 
        agency'' has the meaning given the term in section 8101 of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        8101).
            (6) Poverty line.--The term ``poverty line'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 8101 of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 8101).
            (7) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Education.
            (8) STEAM.--The term ``STEAM'' means the subjects of 
        science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics, 
        including computer science.

SEC. 8032. GRANTS TO STATES, LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES, AND ELIGIBLE 
              TRIBAL SCHOOLS.

    (a) Grants to States, Local Educational Agencies, and Eligible 
Tribal Schools.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants to 
        States, local educational agencies, and eligible Tribal 
        schools--
                    (A) that demonstrate an ability to carry out an 
                ambitious computer science education expansion effort 
                for all students served by the State, agency, or 
                school, including traditionally underrepresented 
                students; and
                    (B) to serve as models for national replication of 
                computer science education expansion efforts.
            (2) Consortia and partnerships.--A State, local educational 
        agency, or eligible Tribal school may apply for a grant under 
        this section as part of a consortium or in partnership with a 
        State educational agency or other partner.
            (3) Duration.--Grants awarded under this section shall be 
        for a period of not more than 5 years.
    (b) Application Requirements.--A State, local educational agency, 
or eligible Tribal school that desires a grant under this section shall 
submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Secretary may require, 
including, at a minimum, plans for the following:
            (1) Every high school student served by the State, local 
        educational agency, or eligible Tribal school to have access to 
        computer science education not later than 5 years after receipt 
        of grant funds.
            (2) All students served by the State, local educational 
        agency, or eligible Tribal school to have access to a 
        progression of computer science education from prekindergarten 
        through middle school that prepares students for high school 
        computer science education.
            (3) Expansion of overall access to rigorous STEAM classes, 
        utilizing computer science as a catalyst for increased interest 
        in STEAM more broadly, and reducing the enrollment and academic 
        achievement gap for underrepresented groups such as minorities, 
        girls, and youth from families living at, or below, the poverty 
        line.
            (4) Continuous monitoring and evaluation of project 
        activities.
            (5) Effectively sustaining project activities after the 
        grant period ends, and the length of time which the applicant 
        plans to sustain the project activities.
    (c) Use of Grant Funds.--
            (1) Required activities.--A State, local educational 
        agency, or eligible Tribal school that receives a grant under 
        this section shall use the grant funds for the following 
        activities:
                    (A) Training teachers to teach computer science.
                    (B) Expanding access to high-quality learning 
                materials and online learning options.
                    (C) Creating plans for expanding overall access to 
                rigorous STEAM classes, utilizing computer science as a 
                catalyst for increased interest in STEAM more broadly, 
                and reducing course equity gaps for all students, 
                including underrepresented groups such as minorities, 
                girls, and youth from low-income families.
                    (D) Ensuring additional support and resources, 
                which may include mentoring for students traditionally 
                underrepresented in STEAM fields.
            (2) Permissible activities.--A State, local educational 
        agency, or eligible Tribal school that receives a grant under 
        this section may use the grant funds for the following 
        activities:
                    (A) Building effective regional collaborations with 
                industry, nonprofit organizations, 2-year and 4-year 
                degree granting institutions of higher education 
                (including community colleges, Historically Black 
                Colleges and Universities, Hispanic-serving 
                institutions, Asian American and Native American 
                Pacific Islander-serving institutions, American Indian 
                Tribally controlled colleges and universities, Alaska 
                Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, 
                Predominantly Black Institutions, Native American-
                serving, Nontribal institutions, and other minority-
                serving institutions), and out-of-school providers.
                    (B) Recruiting and hiring instructional personnel 
                as needed, including curriculum specialists.
                    (C) Preparations for effectively sustaining project 
                activities after the grant period ends.
                    (D) Disseminating information about effective 
                practices.
            (3) Limitation.--Not more than 15 percent of a grant may be 
        used to purchase equipment.
    (d) National Activities.--The Secretary may reserve not more than 
2.5 percent of funds available for grants under this section for 
national activities, including technical assistance, evaluation, and 
dissemination.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $250,000,000.

SEC. 8033. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Grantee Reports.--Each State, local educational agency, and 
eligible Tribal school that receives a grant under this part shall 
submit to the Secretary a report, not less than twice a year during the 
grant period, on the use of grant funds that shall include data on the 
numbers of students served through activities funded under this part, 
disaggregated by race (for Asian and Native Hawaiian or Pacific 
Islander students using the same race response categories as the 
decennial census of the population), ethnicity, gender, and eligibility 
to receive a free or reduced price lunch under the Richard B. Russell 
National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.).
    (b) Report by the Secretary.--Not later than 5 years after the 
first grant is awarded under this part, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report based on the analysis of reports received under 
subsection (a) with a recommendation on how to expand the program under 
this part.

                PART 3--ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

SEC. 8041. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Education shall, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, make grants on a competitive basis 
under this part to States and to local educational agencies that submit 
to the Secretary an application at such time and in such manner as the 
Secretary may require. The purpose of the grants is to assist eligible 
recipients to develop an environmental justice curriculum, and a co-op 
program, for students attending middle and high schools that--
            (1) receive funds under part A of title I of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (29 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.); 
        and
            (2) are located in an urban community that may be 
        disproportionately affected by climate change, pollution, and 
        other environmental issues.
    (b) Curriculum Development.--An environmental justice curriculum 
developed with funds received under this part shall satisfy the 
following objectives:
            (1) Educating students, through experiential learning and 
        otherwise, about topics relating to environmental justice, such 
        as air pollution, lead paint poisoning, access to organic 
        foods, sustainable agriculture, proximity to landfills, toxic 
        dumping, relative asthma rates, and the historical patterns of 
        environmental impacts.
            (2) Empowering students actively to address environmental 
        issues in their local neighborhoods while also considering 
        global environmental problems.
            (3) Allowing students to explore careers that involve 
        solving environmental problems and cultivating innovators to 
        solve such problems.
            (4) Enhancing life skills required for sound personal 
        decision making, participation in civic and cultural affairs, 
        and economic productivity, such as problem solving, critical 
        thinking, and good stewardship.
            (5) Establishing a nurturing environment that fosters 
        democratic and socially just relationships among schools, 
        families, and surrounding communities.
    (c) Co-Op Program Development.--A co-op program developed with 
funds received under this part shall satisfy the following objectives:
            (1) Linking students with career opportunities in the 
        environmental field by building partnerships with the public 
        and private sector.
            (2) Providing students with an opportunity to earn 
        secondary school course credits or credits towards the 
        jurisdiction's service learning requirements during the summer 
        through experiential learning such as internships and other 
        types of field experience.
            (3) Assisting students in building skills necessary for 
        workforce success, such as development of a career path; 
        resume, letter, and memoranda writing; and job interviewing.
            (4) Providing students with mentors recruited through the 
        partnerships described in paragraph (1) who are equipped to 
        assist a mentee in the skill building described in paragraph 
        (3).

                     Subtitle B--Community College

SEC. 8101. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this subtitle is to help all individuals of the 
United States earn the education and skills the individuals need--
            (1) by making 2 years of community college free, through a 
        new partnership with States and Indian tribes to help the 
        States and Indian tribes--
                    (A) waive resident community college tuition and 
                fees for eligible students;
                    (B) maintain State and Indian tribe support for 
                higher education; and
                    (C) promote key reforms to improve student 
                outcomes; and
            (2) through a new partnership with minority-serving 
        institutions to--
                    (A) encourage eligible students to enroll and 
                successfully complete a baccalaureate degree at 
                participating institutions; and
                    (B) promote key reforms to improve student 
                outcomes.

      PART 1--STATE AND INDIAN TRIBE GRANTS FOR COMMUNITY COLLEGES

SEC. 8111. IN GENERAL.

    From amounts appropriated under section 8117(a) for any fiscal 
year, the Secretary shall award grants to eligible States and Indian 
tribes to pay the Federal share of expenditures needed to carry out the 
activities and services described in section 8115.

SEC. 8112. FEDERAL SHARE; NON-FEDERAL SHARE.

    (a) Federal Share.--
            (1) Formula.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Federal share 
        of a grant under this part shall be based on a formula, 
        determined by the Secretary, that--
                    (A) accounts for the State or Indian tribe's share 
                of eligible students; and
                    (B) provides, for each eligible student in the 
                State or Indian tribe, a per-student amount that is--
                            (i) not less than 300 percent of the per-
                        student amount of the State or Indian tribe 
                        share, determined under subsection (b), subject 
                        to clause (ii); and
                            (ii) not greater than 75 percent of--
                                    (I) for the 2019-2020 award year, 
                                the average resident community college 
                                tuition and fees per student in all 
                                States for the most recent year for 
                                which data are available; and
                                    (II) for each subsequent award 
                                year, the average resident community 
                                college tuition and fees per student in 
                                all States calculated under this 
                                subclause for the preceding year, 
                                increased by the lesser of--
                                            (aa) the percentage by 
                                        which the average resident 
                                        community college tuition and 
                                        fees per student in all States 
                                        for the most recent year for 
                                        which data are available 
                                        increased as compared to such 
                                        average for the preceding year; 
                                        or
                                            (bb) 3 percent.
            (2) Exception for certain indian tribes.--In any case in 
        which not less than 75 percent of the students at the community 
        colleges operated or controlled by an Indian tribe are low-
        income students, the amount of the Federal share for such 
        Indian tribe shall be not less than 95 percent of the total 
        amount needed to waive tuition and fees for all eligible 
        students enrolled in such community colleges.
    (b) State or Tribal Share.--
            (1) Formula.--
                    (A) In general.--The State or tribal share of a 
                grant under this part for each fiscal year shall be the 
                amount needed to pay 25 percent of the average 
                community college resident tuition and fees per student 
                in all States in the 2019-2020 award year for all 
                eligible students in the State or Indian tribe, 
                respectively, for such fiscal year, except as provided 
                in subparagraph (B).
                    (B) Exception for certain indian tribes.--In a case 
                in which not less than 5 percent of the students at the 
                community colleges operated or controlled by an Indian 
                tribe are low-income students, the amount of such 
                Indian tribe's tribal share shall not exceed 5 percent 
                of the total amount needed to waive tuition and fees 
                for all eligible students enrolled in such community 
                colleges.
            (2) Need-based aid.--A State or Indian tribe may include 
        any need-based financial aid provided through State or tribal 
        funds to eligible students as part of the State or tribal 
        share.
            (3) No in-kind contributions.--A State or Indian tribe 
        shall not include in-kind contributions for purposes of the 
        State or tribal share described in paragraph (1).

SEC. 8113. ELIGIBILITY.

    To be eligible for a grant under this part, a State or Indian tribe 
shall agree to waive community college resident tuition and fees for 
all eligible students for each year of the grant.

SEC. 8114. APPLICATIONS.

    (a) Submission.--For each fiscal year for which a State or Indian 
tribe desires a grant under this part, an application shall be 
submitted to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing 
such information as the Secretary may require. Such application shall 
be submitted by--
            (1) in the case of a State, the Governor, the State agency 
        with jurisdiction over higher education, or another agency 
        designated by the Governor to administer the program under this 
        part; or
            (2) in the case of an Indian tribe, the governing body of 
        such tribe.
    (b) Contents.--Each State or Indian tribe application shall 
include, at a minimum--
            (1) an estimate of the number of eligible students in the 
        State or Indian tribe and the cost of waiving community college 
        resident tuition and fees for all eligible students for each 
        fiscal year covered by the grant, with annual increases of an 
        amount that shall not exceed 3 percent of the prior year's 
        average resident community college tuition and fees;
            (2) an assurance that all community colleges in the State 
        or under the jurisdiction of the Indian tribe, respectively, 
        will waive resident tuition and fees for eligible students in 
        programs that are--
                    (A) academic programs with credits that can fully 
                transfer via articulation agreement toward a 
                baccalaureate degree or postbaccalaureate degree at any 
                public institution of higher education in the State; or
                    (B) occupational skills training programs that lead 
                to a recognized postsecondary credential that is in an 
                in-demand industry sector or occupation in the State;
            (3) a description of the promising and evidence-based 
        institutional reforms and innovative practices to improve 
        student outcomes, including completion or transfer rates, that 
        have been or will be adopted by the participating community 
        colleges, such as--
                    (A) providing comprehensive academic and student 
                support services, including mentoring and advising, 
                especially for low-income, first-generation, adult, and 
                other underrepresented students;
                    (B) providing accelerated learning opportunities, 
                such as dual or concurrent enrollment programs;
                    (C) advancing competency-based education;
                    (D) strengthening remedial education, especially 
                for low-income, first-generation, adult and other 
                underrepresented students;
                    (E) implementing course redesigns of high-
                enrollment courses to improve student outcomes and 
                reduce cost; or
                    (F) utilizing career pathways or degree pathways;
            (4) a description of how the State or Indian tribe will 
        promote alignment between its public secondary school and 
        postsecondary education systems, including between 2-year and 
        4-year public institutions of higher education and with 
        minority-serving institutions described in section 371 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q), to expand 
        awareness of and access to postsecondary education, reduce the 
        need for remediation and repeated coursework, and improve 
        student outcomes;
            (5) a description of how the State or Indian tribe will 
        ensure that programs leading to a recognized postsecondary 
        credential meet the quality criteria established by the State 
        under section 123(a) of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3153(a)) or other quality criteria 
        determined appropriate by the State or Indian tribe;
            (6) an assurance that all participating community colleges 
        in the State or under the authority of the Indian tribe have 
        entered into program participation agreements under section 487 
        of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094);
            (7) an assurance that, for each year of the grant, the 
        State or Indian tribe will notify each eligible student of the 
        student's remaining eligibility for assistance under this part; 
        and
            (8) a description of how the State or Indian tribe will 
        promote the improved performance of public institutions of 
        higher education through funding reform, including through the 
        use of a performance-based model that allocates a portion of 
        the State or Indian tribe's public higher education 
        expenditures based on the performance of those institutions on 
        State-specified metrics, including successful student outcomes, 
        while ensuring that existing funding gaps for underresourced 
        institutions are not exacerbated.

SEC. 8115. ALLOWABLE USES OF FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--A State or Indian tribe shall use a grant under 
this part only to provide funds to participating community colleges to 
waive resident tuition and fees for eligible students who are enrolled 
in--
            (1) academic programs with credits that can fully transfer 
        via articulation agreement toward a baccalaureate degree or 
        postbaccalaureate degree at any public institution of higher 
        education in the State; or
            (2) occupational skills training programs that lead to a 
        recognized postsecondary credential that is in an in-demand 
        industry sector or occupation in the State.
    (b) Additional Uses.--If a State or Indian tribe demonstrates to 
the Secretary that it has grant funds remaining after meeting the 
demand for activities described in subsection (a), the State or Indian 
tribe may use those funds to carry out one or more of the following:
            (1) Expanding the waiver of resident tuition and fees at 
        community college to students who are returning students or 
        otherwise not enrolling in postsecondary education for the 
        first time, and who meet the student eligibility requirements 
        of clauses (i) through (v) of section 8116(4)(A).
            (2) Expanding the scope and capacity of high-quality 
        academic and occupational skills training programs at community 
        colleges.
            (3) Improving postsecondary education readiness in the 
        State or Indian tribe, through outreach and early intervention.
            (4) Expanding access to dual or concurrent enrollment 
        programs.
            (5) Improving affordability at 4-year public institutions 
        of higher education.
    (c) Use of Funds for Administrative Purposes.--A State or Indian 
tribe that receives a grant under this part may not use any funds 
provided under this part for administrative purposes relating to the 
grant under this part.
    (d) Maintenance of Effort.--A State or Indian tribe receiving a 
grant under this part is entitled to receive its full allotment of 
funds under this part for a fiscal year only if, for each year of the 
grant, the State or Indian tribe provides financial support for public 
higher education at a level equal to or exceeding the average amount 
provided per full-time equivalent student for public institutions of 
higher education for the 3 consecutive preceding State or Indian tribe 
fiscal years. In making the calculation under this subsection, the 
State or Indian tribe shall exclude capital expenses and research and 
development costs and include need-based financial aid for students who 
attend public institutions of higher education.
    (e) Annual Report.--A State or Indian tribe receiving a grant under 
this part shall submit an annual report to the Secretary describing the 
uses of grant funds under this part, the progress made in fulfilling 
the requirements of the grant, and rates of graduation, transfer and 
attainment of recognized postsecondary credentials at participating 
community colleges, and including any other information as the 
Secretary may require.
    (f) Reporting by Secretary.--The Secretary annually shall--
            (1) compile and analyze the information described in 
        subsection (e); and
            (2) prepare and submit a report to the Committee on Health, 
        Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee 
        on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives 
        containing the analysis described in paragraph (1) and an 
        identification of State and Indian tribe best practices for 
        achieving the purpose of this part.
    (g) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary shall provide technical 
assistance to eligible States and Indian tribes concerning best 
practices regarding the promising and evidence-based institutional 
reforms and innovative practices to improve student outcomes as 
described in section 8114(b)(3) and shall disseminate such best 
practices among the States and Indian tribes.
    (h) Continuation of Funding.--
            (1) In general.--A State or Indian tribe receiving a grant 
        under this part for a fiscal year may continue to receive 
        funding under this part for future fiscal years conditioned on 
        the availability of budget authority and on meeting the 
        requirements of the grant, as determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Discontinuation.--The Secretary may discontinue funding 
        of the Federal share of a grant under this part if the State or 
        Indian tribe has violated the terms of the grant or is not 
        making adequate progress in implementing the reforms described 
        in the application submitted under section 8114.

SEC. 8116. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) Career pathway.--The term ``career pathway'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation 
        and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
            (2) Community college.--The term ``community college'' 
        means a public institution of higher education at which the 
        highest degree that is predominantly awarded to students is an 
        associate's degree, including 2-year tribally controlled 
        colleges under section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1059c) and public 2-year State institutions of 
        higher education.
            (3) Dual or concurrent enrollment program.--The term ``dual 
        or concurrent enrollment program'' means an academic program 
        through which a secondary school student is able simultaneously 
        to earn credit toward a secondary school diploma and a 
        postsecondary degree or other recognized postsecondary 
        credential, including early college high school programs.
            (4) Eligible student.--
                    (A) Definition.--The term ``eligible student'' 
                means a student who--
                            (i)(I) enrolls in a community college for 
                        the first time, regardless of age, after the 
                        date of enactment of this Act; or
                            (II) is enrolled in a community college, 
                        for the first time, as of the date of enactment 
                        of this Act;
                            (ii) attends the community college on not 
                        less than a half-time basis;
                            (iii) is maintaining satisfactory progress, 
                        as defined in section 484(c) of the Higher 
                        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1091(c)), in 
                        the student's course of study;
                            (iv) qualifies for resident tuition, as 
                        determined by the State or Indian tribe; and
                            (v) is enrolled in an eligible program 
                        described in section 8114(b)(2).
                    (B) Special rule.--An otherwise eligible student 
                shall lose eligibility 3 calendar years after first 
                receiving benefits under this part.
            (5) In-demand industry sector or occupation.--The term 
        ``in-demand industry sector or occupation'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
            (6) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 102 of the Federally 
        Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 479a).
            (7) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (8) Recognized postsecondary credential.--The term 
        ``recognized postsecondary credential'' has the meaning as 
        described in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
            (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Education.
            (10) State.--The term ``State'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 103 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1003).

SEC. 8117. APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Authorization and Appropriations.--For the purpose of making 
grants under this part, there are authorized to be appropriated, and 
there are appropriated--
            (1) $1,365,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
            (2) $3,020,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            (3) $3,854,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (4) $5,395,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (5) $7,061,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (6) $8,085,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (7) $10,182,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (8) $13,019,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
            (9) $13,583,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and
            (10) $14,171,000,000 for fiscal year 2028 and each 
        succeeding fiscal year.
    (b) Availability.--Funds appropriated under subsection (a) shall 
remain available to the Secretary until expended.
    (c) Insufficient Funds.--If the amount appropriated under 
subsection (a) for a fiscal year is not sufficient to award each 
participating State and Indian tribe a grant under this part that is 
equal to the minimum amount of the Federal share described in section 
8112(a), the Secretary may ratably reduce the amount of each such grant 
or take other actions necessary to ensure an equitable distribution of 
such amount.

       PART 2--GRANTS TO CERTAIN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

SEC. 8121. PATHWAYS TO STUDENT SUCCESS FOR HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES 
              AND UNIVERSITIES.

    (a) In General.--From amounts appropriated under section 8124(a) 
for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall award grants to participating 
4-year historically black colleges or universities that meet the 
requirements of subsection (b) to--
            (1) encourage students to enroll as first-time students and 
        successfully complete a bachelor's degree at participating 
        institutions;
            (2) provide incentives to community college students to 
        transfer to participating institutions through strong transfer 
        pathways to complete a bachelor's degree program; and
            (3) support participating institutions to better serve new 
        and existing students by engaging in reforms and innovations 
        designed to improve completion rates and other student 
        outcomes.
    (b) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under the 
program under this section, an institution shall be a historically 
black college or university that--
            (1) has a student body of which not less than 35 percent 
        are low-income students;
            (2) commits to maintaining or adopting and implementing 
        promising and evidence-based institutional reforms and 
        innovative practices to improve the completion rates and other 
        student outcomes, such as--
                    (A) providing comprehensive academic and student 
                support services, including mentoring and advising;
                    (B) providing accelerated learning opportunities 
                and degree pathways, such as dual enrollment and 
                pathways to graduate and professional degree programs;
                    (C) advancing distance and competency-based 
                education;
                    (D) partnering with employers, industry, not-for-
                profit associations, and other groups to provide 
                opportunities to advance learning outside the 
                classroom, including work-based learning opportunities 
                such as internships or apprenticeships or programs 
                designed to improve inter-cultural development and 
                personal growth, such as foreign exchange and study 
                abroad programs;
                    (E) reforming remedial education, especially for 
                low-income students, first generation college students, 
                adult students, and other underrepresented students; or
                    (F) implementing course redesigns of high-
                enrollment courses to improve student outcomes and 
                reduce cost;
            (3) sets performance goals for improving student outcomes 
        for the duration of the grant; and
            (4) if receiving a grant for transfer students, has 
        articulation agreements with community colleges at the 
        national, State, or local level to ensure that community 
        college credits can fully transfer to the participating 
        institution.
    (c) Grant Amount.--
            (1) Initial amount.--For the first year that an eligible 
        institution participates in the grant program under this 
        section and subject to paragraph (3), such eligible institution 
        shall receive a grant in an amount based on the product of--
                    (A) the actual cost of tuition and fees at the 
                eligible institution in such year (referred to in this 
                section as the per-student rebate); multiplied by
                    (B) the number of eligible students enrolled in the 
                eligible institution for the preceding year.
            (2) Subsequent increases.--For each succeeding year after 
        the first year of the grant program under this section, each 
        participating eligible institution shall receive a grant in the 
        amount determined under paragraph (1) for such year, except 
        that in no case shall the amount of the per-student rebate for 
        an eligible institution increase by more than 3 percent as 
        compared to the amount of such rebate for the preceding year.
            (3) Limitations.--
                    (A) Maximum per-student rebate.--No eligible 
                institution participating in the grant program under 
                this section shall receive a per-student rebate amount 
                for any year that is greater than the national average 
                of annual tuition and fees at public 4-year 
                institutions of higher education for such year, as 
                determined by the Secretary.
                    (B) First year tuition and fees.--During the first 
                year of participation in the grant program under this 
                section, no eligible institution may increase tuition 
                and fees at a rate greater than any annual increase at 
                the eligible institution in the previous 5 years.
    (d) Application.--An eligible institution that desires a grant 
under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require.
    (e) Use of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section to a 
participating eligible institution shall be used to waive or 
significantly reduce tuition and fees for eligible students in an 
amount of not more than up to the annual per-student rebate amount for 
each student, for not more than the first 60 credits an eligible 
student enrolls in the participating eligible institution.

SEC. 8122. PATHWAYS TO STUDENT SUCCESS FOR HISPANIC-SERVING 
              INSTITUTIONS, ASIAN AMERICAN AND NATIVE AMERICAN PACIFIC 
              ISLANDER-SERVING INSTITUTIONS, TRIBAL COLLEGES AND 
              UNIVERSITIES, ALASKA NATIVE-SERVING INSTITUTIONS, NATIVE 
              HAWAIIAN-SERVING INSTITUTIONS, PREDOMINANTLY BLACK 
              INSTITUTIONS, AND NATIVE AMERICAN-SERVING NONTRIBAL 
              INSTITUTIONS.

    (a) In General.--From amounts appropriated under section 8124(a) 
for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall award grants to participating 
4-year minority-serving institutions to--
            (1) encourage students to enroll as first-time students and 
        successfully complete a bachelor's degree at participating 
        institutions;
            (2) provide incentives to community college students to 
        transfer to participating institutions through strong transfer 
        pathways to complete a bachelor's degree program; and
            (3) support participating institutions to better serve new 
        and existing students by engaging in reforms and innovations 
        designed to improve completion rates and other student 
        outcomes.
    (b) Institutional Eligibility.--To be eligible to participate and 
receive a grant under this section, an institution shall be a minority-
serving institution that--
            (1) has a student body of which not less than 35 percent 
        are low-income students;
            (2) commits to maintaining or adopting and implementing 
        promising and evidence-based institutional reforms and 
        innovative practices to improve the completion rates and other 
        student outcomes, such as--
                    (A) providing comprehensive academic and student 
                support services, including mentoring and advising;
                    (B) providing accelerated learning opportunities 
                and degree pathways, such as dual enrollment and 
                pathways to graduate and professional degree programs;
                    (C) advancing distance and competency-based 
                education;
                    (D) partnering with employers, industry, not-for-
                profit associations, and other groups to provide 
                opportunities to advance learning outside the 
                classroom, including work-based learning opportunities 
                such as internships or apprenticeships or programs 
                designed to improve inter-cultural development and 
                personal growth, such as foreign exchange and study 
                abroad programs;
                    (E) reforming remedial education, especially for 
                low-income students, first generation college students, 
                adult students, and other underrepresented students; 
                and
                    (F) implementing course redesigns of high-
                enrollment courses to improve student outcomes and 
                reduce cost;
            (3) sets performance goals for improving student outcomes 
        for the duration of the grant; and
            (4) if receiving a grant for transfer students, has 
        articulation agreements with community colleges at the 
        national, State, or local levels to ensure that community 
        college credits can fully transfer to the participating 
        institution.
    (c) Grant Amount.--
            (1) Initial amount.--For the first year that an eligible 
        institution participates in the grant program under this 
        section and subject to paragraph (3), such participating 
        eligible institution shall receive a grant in an amount based 
        on the product of--
                    (A) the actual cost of tuition and fees at the 
                eligible institution in such year (referred to in this 
                section as the per-student rebate); multiplied by
                    (B) the number of eligible students enrolled in the 
                eligible institution for the preceding year.
            (2) Subsequent increases.--For each succeeding year after 
        the first year of the grant program under this section, each 
        participating eligible institution shall receive a grant in the 
        amount determined under paragraph (1) for such year, except 
        that in no case shall the amount of the per-student rebate 
        increase by more than 3 percent as compared to the amount of 
        such rebate for the preceding year.
            (3) Limitations.--
                    (A) Maximum per-student rebate.--No eligible 
                institution participating in the grant program under 
                this section shall receive a per-student rebate amount 
                for a grant year greater than the national average of 
                public four-year institutional tuition and fees, as 
                determined by the Secretary.
                    (B) First year tuition and fees.--During the first 
                year of participation in the grant program under this 
                section, no eligible institution may increase tuition 
                and fees at a rate greater than any annual increase 
                made by the institution in the previous 5 years.
    (d) Application.--An eligible institution shall submit an 
application to the Secretary at such time, in such a manner, and 
containing such information as determined by the Secretary.
    (e) Use of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section to a 
participating eligible institution shall be used to waive or 
significantly reduce tuition and fees for eligible students in an 
amount of not more than up to the annual per-student rebate amount for 
each student, for not more than the first 60 credits an eligible 
student enrolls in the participating eligible institution.

SEC. 8123. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) Eligible student.--
                    (A) Definition.--The term ``eligible student'' 
                means a student, regardless of age, who--
                            (i)(I) enrolls in a historically black 
                        college or university, or minority-serving 
                        institution, for the first time; or
                            (II) transfers from a community college 
                        into a historically black college or 
                        university, or minority-serving institution, 
                        for the first time;
                            (ii) attends the historically black college 
                        or university, or minority serving institution, 
                        on at least a half-time basis;
                            (iii) maintains satisfactory academic 
                        progress; and
                            (iv) is a low-income student.
                    (B) Special rules.--
                            (i) First 3 years.--An otherwise eligible 
                        student shall lose eligibility 3 calendar years 
                        after first receiving benefits under this part.
                            (ii) Special rule for certain students.--
                        Notwithstanding subparagraph (A)(i), an 
                        otherwise eligible student whose parent or 
                        guardian was denied a Federal Direct PLUS loan 
                        under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 
                        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.) after November 
                        2011 and before March 29, 2015, and who 
                        subsequently withdrew from a historically black 
                        college or university, or minority-serving 
                        institution, and has not yet completed a 
                        program of study at such historically black 
                        college or university or minority-serving 
                        institution, shall be eligible to participate 
                        under section 8121 or 8122 in order to complete 
                        such program of study, subject to all other 
                        requirements of section 8121 or 8122 (as the 
                        case may be).
            (2) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically black college or university'' means a part B 
        institution described in section 322(2) of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061(2)).
            (3) Low-income student.--The term ``low-income student'' 
        has the meaning given such term by the Secretary, except that 
        such term shall not exclude any student eligible for a Federal 
        Pell Grant under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a).
            (4) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means any public or not-for-profit 
        institution of higher education--
                    (A) described in paragraphs (2) through (7) of 
                section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1067q); and
                    (B) designated as a minority-serving institution by 
                the Secretary.

SEC. 8124. APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Authorization and Appropriations for HBCU and MSI Grants.--For 
the purpose of carrying out sections 8121 and 8122, there are 
authorized to be appropriated, and there are appropriated--
            (1) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
            (2) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            (3) $1,072,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (4) $1,115,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (5) $1,160,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (6) $1,206,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (7) $1,225,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (8) $1,306,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
            (9) $1,359,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and
            (10) $1,414,000,000 for fiscal year 2028 and each 
        succeeding fiscal year.
    (b) Availability.--Funds appropriated under subsection (a) are to 
remain available to the Secretary until expended.
    (c) Insufficient Funds.--If the amount appropriated under 
subsection (a) for a fiscal year is not sufficient to award each 
participating institution in the grant programs under sections 8121 and 
8122 a grant under this part equal to 100 percent of the grant amount 
determined under section 8121(c), the Secretary may ratably reduce the 
amount of each such grant or take other actions necessary to ensure an 
equitable distribution of such amount.

                      Subtitle C--Higher Education

               PART 1--EARLY COLLEGE FEDERAL PELL GRANTS

SEC. 8201. EARLY COLLEGE FEDERAL PELL GRANT.

    Section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Early College Federal Pell Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding the requirement under 
        section 484(a)(1) that a student not been enrolled in an 
        elementary or secondary school to be eligible to receive a 
        Federal Pell Grant under this section, for the award years 
        beginning on July 1, 2019, and ending on June 30, 2025, the 
        Secretary shall carry out a program to award Early College 
        Federal Pell Grants to eligible students to support enrollment 
        in, and completion of, postsecondary courses offered through an 
        early college high school.
            ``(2) Maximum period for early college federal pell 
        grants.--An eligible student may receive an Early College 
        Federal Pell Grant under this subsection in an amount equal to 
        the cost of not more than 4 full-time postsecondary semesters, 
        or the equivalent of 4 full-time postsecondary semesters, as 
        determined by the Secretary by regulation, while enrolled in 
        postsecondary courses offered by an early college high school.
            ``(3) Counting of awards for purposes of federal pell 
        grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An Early College Federal Pell 
                Grant received under this subsection shall be counted 
                toward the maximum period for which a student may 
                receive Federal Pell Grants under this section, as 
                provided under subsection (c)(5).
                    ``(B) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the 
                requirement under subparagraph (A) on a case-by-case 
                basis for any student demonstrating evidence of a 
                credible disruption or redirection in course of study 
                necessitating additional time to complete a 
                postsecondary degree or credential.
            ``(4) Terms and conditions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in this 
                subsection, an Early College Federal Pell Grant 
                received under this subsection shall have the same 
                terms and conditions, and be awarded in the same 
                manner, as Federal Pell Grants awarded under this 
                section.
                    ``(B) Minimum completion.--An eligible student may 
                only receive an Early College Federal Pell Grant under 
                this subsection upon completion of a full-time 
                postsecondary semester, or the equivalent of a full-
                time postsecondary semester, as determined by the 
                Secretary by regulation.
                    ``(C) Amount.--The Secretary shall pay an eligible 
                institution that is engaged in a partnership as part of 
                an early college high school an amount equal to the 
                cost of tuition, fees, and books for each postsecondary 
                course (including with respect to the postsecondary 
                courses completed to satisfy the requirement under 
                subparagraph (B)) an eligible student completes through 
                such early college high school, provided such eligible 
                student satisfies the requirement under subparagraph 
                (B).
            ``(5) Reporting.--Each early college high school shall 
        annually submit to the Secretary a report on the program of 
        postsecondary courses provided to eligible students that 
        includes the following information that is reported for all 
        eligible students and disaggregated by each student subgroup of 
        eligible students:
                    ``(A) Total number and percentage of eligible 
                students who enroll in and subsequently complete the 
                program at the early college high school.
                    ``(B) The number of postsecondary credits earned by 
                eligible students while enrolled in the early college 
                high school that may be applied toward a postsecondary 
                degree or credential program.
                    ``(C) The percentage of eligible students enrolled 
                in the early college high school who concurrently earn 
                a secondary school diploma and an associate degree or 
                equivalent.
                    ``(D) The percentage of early college high school 
                graduates completing the program who enroll in a 
                postsecondary institution.
                    ``(E) The total amount of Early College Federal 
                Pell Grants awarded to eligible students served by the 
                early college high school.
            ``(6) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Early college high school.--The term `early 
                college high school' has the meaning given the term in 
                section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
                Act of 1965.
                    ``(B) Eligible institution.--The term `eligible 
                institution' means an institution that--
                            ``(i) complies with the existing 
                        requirements of being an eligible institution 
                        under this title; and
                            ``(ii) demonstrates that it--
                                    ``(I) is participating in a 
                                statewide articulation agreement;
                                    ``(II) has an articulation 
                                agreement in place with at least one 
                                public institution of higher education; 
                                or
                                    ``(III) has a track record of 
                                students successfully transferring 
                                credits earned at the institution to 
                                public institutions of higher 
                                education.
                    ``(C) Eligible student.--The term `eligible 
                student' means a student enrolled at an early college 
                high school who, if such student met the requirements 
                of section 484 for eligibility for a Federal Pell 
                Grant, would be awarded a Federal Pell Grant after the 
                determination of the expected family contribution for 
                such student.
                    ``(D) Student subgroup.--The term `student 
                subgroup' means--
                            ``(i) economically disadvantaged students;
                            ``(ii) students from major racial and 
                        ethnic groups;
                            ``(iii) children with disabilities; and
                            ``(iv) English learners.''.

               PART 2--MANDATORY FUNDING FOR PELL GRANTS

SEC. 8205. FUNDING FEDERAL PELL GRANTS THROUGH MANDATORY FUNDING.

    (a) Mandatory Funding; Reinstating Eligibility for Incarcerated 
Individuals.--Section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1070a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``through fiscal year 
        2017'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking paragraphs (1), (6), and (7);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph 
                (7);
                    (C) by striking subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2);
                    (D) by redesignating subparagraph (B) of paragraph 
                (2) as paragraph (2);
                    (E) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as 
                redesignated by subparagraph (D)) the following:
    ``(1) Amount.--The amount of the Federal Pell Grant for a student 
eligible under this subpart shall be--
            ``(A) the maximum Federal Pell Grant described in paragraph 
        (6); less
            ``(B) the amount equal to the amount determined to be the 
        expected family contribution with respect to such student for 
        such year.'';
                    (F) in paragraph (4), by striking ``maximum amount 
                of a Federal Pell Grant award determined under 
                paragraph (2)(A)'' and inserting ``maximum Federal Pell 
                Grant described in paragraph (6)'';
                    (G) in paragraph (5), by striking ``maximum amount 
                of a Federal Pell Grant award determined under 
                paragraph (2)(A)'' and inserting ``maximum amount of a 
                Federal Pell Grant award described in paragraph (6)'';
                    (H) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Maximum federal pell grant.--
                    ``(A) Award year 2020-2021.--For award year 2020-
                2021, the maximum Federal Pell Grant shall be $6,420.
                    ``(B) Subsequent award years.--For award year 2021-
                2022 and each subsequent award year, the maximum 
                Federal Pell Grant shall be equal to the total maximum 
                Federal Pell Grant for the preceding award year under 
                this paragraph--
                            ``(i) increased by the annual adjustment 
                        percentage for the award year for which the 
                        amount under this subparagraph is being 
                        determined; and
                            ``(ii) rounded to the nearest $5.
                    ``(C) Definition of annual adjustment percentage.--
                In this paragraph, the term `annual adjustment 
                percentage,' as applied to an award year, is equal to 
                the estimated percentage increase in the Consumer Price 
                Index (as determined by the Secretary, using the 
                definition in section 478(f)) for the most recent 
                calendar year ending prior to the beginning of that 
                award year.''; and
                    (I) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (B), by striking ``may exceed'' and all 
                that follows through the period and inserting ``may 
                exceed the maximum Federal Pell Grant available for an 
                award year.'';
            (3) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking the matter 
                preceding subparagraph (A) and inserting the following: 
                ``After receiving an application for a Federal Pell 
                Grant under this subpart, the Secretary (including any 
                contractor of the Secretary processing applications for 
                Federal Pell Grants under this subpart) shall, in a 
                timely manner, furnish to the student financial aid 
                administrator at each institution of higher education 
                that a student awarded a Federal Pell Grant under this 
                subpart is attending, the expected family contribution 
                for each such student. Each such student financial 
                administrator shall--''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``after academic year 1986-
                        1987''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking ``the 
                        Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the 
                        Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                        Representatives, and'';
            (4) by striking subsections (g) and (h);
            (5) by redesignating subsections (i) and (j) as subsections 
        (g) and (h), respectively; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Appropriation of Funds.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated, and there are appropriated, out of any money in the 
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary for 
fiscal year 2019 and each subsequent fiscal year to provide the maximum 
Federal Pell Grant for which a student shall be eligible under this 
section during an award year.''.
    (b) Repeal of Scoring Requirement.--Section 406 of H. Con. Res. 95 
(109th Congress) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (b); and
            (2) by striking ``(a) In General.--Upon'' and inserting the 
        following: ``Upon''.

  PART 3--INCLUDING PARENT PLUS LOANS IN INCOME-CONTINGENT AND INCOME-
                         BASED REPAYMENT PLANS

SEC. 8211. APPLICABLE RATE OF INTEREST FOR PLUS LOANS.

    Section 455(b)(8) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1087e(b)(8)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``and before July 1, 
        2019,'' after ``, 2013,''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Reduced rate for parent plus loans.--
                Notwithstanding the preceding paragraphs of this 
                subsection, for Federal Direct PLUS Loans made on 
                behalf of a dependent student for which the first 
                disbursement is made on or after July 1, 2019, the 
                applicable rate of interest shall be determined under 
                subparagraph (C) of this paragraph--
                            ``(i) by substituting `3.6 percent' for 
                        `4.6 percent'; and
                            ``(ii) by substituting `9.5 percent' for 
                        `10.5 percent'.''.

SEC. 8212. ELIMINATION OF ORIGINATION FEE FOR PARENT PLUS LOANS.

    Section 455(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1087e(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) PLUS loans.--With respect to Federal Direct PLUS 
        loans made on behalf of a dependent student for which the first 
        disbursement of principal is made on or after July 1, 2019, 
        paragraph (1) shall be applied by substituting `0.0 percent' 
        for `4.0 percent'.''.

SEC. 8213. COUNSELING FOR PARENT PLUS BORROWERS.

    Section 485 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1092) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(n) Counseling for Parent PLUS Borrowers.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, prior to disbursement of 
        a Federal Direct PLUS loan made on behalf of a dependent 
        student, shall ensure that the borrower receives comprehensive 
        information on the terms and conditions of the loan and the 
        responsibilities the borrower has with respect to such loan. 
        Such information--
                    ``(A) shall be provided through the use of 
                interactive programs that use mechanisms to check the 
                borrower's understanding of the terms and conditions of 
                the borrower's loan, using simple and understandable 
                language and clear formatting; and
                    ``(B) shall be provided--
                            ``(i) during a counseling session conducted 
                        in person; or
                            ``(ii) online.
            ``(2) Information to be provided.--The information to be 
        provided to the borrower under paragraph (1) shall include the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Information on how interest accrues and is 
                capitalized during periods when the interest is not 
                paid by the borrower.
                    ``(B) An explanation of when loan repayment begins, 
                of the options available for a borrower who may need a 
                deferment, and that interest accrues during a 
                deferment.
                    ``(C) The repayment plans that are available to the 
                borrower, including personalized information showing--
                            ``(i) estimates of the borrower's 
                        anticipated monthly payments under each 
                        repayment plan that is available; and
                            ``(ii) the difference in interest paid and 
                        total payments under each repayment plan.
                    ``(D) The obligation of the borrower to repay the 
                full amount of the loan, regardless of whether the 
                student on whose behalf the loan was made completes the 
                program in which the student is enrolled.
                    ``(E) The likely consequences of default on the 
                loan, including adverse credit reports, delinquent debt 
                collection procedures under Federal law, and 
                litigation.
                    ``(F) The name and contact information of the 
                individual the borrower may contact if the borrower has 
                any questions about the borrower's rights and 
                responsibilities or the terms and conditions of the 
                loan.''.

SEC. 8214. INCLUSION OF PARENT PLUS LOANS IN INCOME-CONTINGENT AND 
              INCOME-BASED REPAYMENT PLANS.

    (a) Income-Contingent Repayment Plan.--Section 455(d)(1)(D) of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087e(d)(1)(D)) is amended by 
striking ``, except that the plan described in this subparagraph shall 
not be available to the borrower of a Federal Direct PLUS loan made on 
behalf of a dependent student;''.
    (b) Income-Based Repayment.--
            (1) Section 493c.--Section 493C of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1098e) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) by striking ``this section'' and all 
                        that follows through ``hardship'' and inserting 
                        ``In this section, the term `partial financial 
                        hardship'''; and
                            (ii) by striking, ``(other than an excepted 
                        PLUS loan or excepted consolidation loan)'';
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(other 
                        than an excepted PLUS loan or excepted 
                        consolidation loan)'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (6)(A), by striking 
                        ``(other than an excepted PLUS loan or excepted 
                        consolidation loan)''; and
                            (iii) in paragraph (7), by striking 
                        ``(other than a loan under section 428B or a 
                        Federal Direct PLUS Loan)''; and
                    (C) in subsection (c), by striking ``(other than an 
                excepted PLUS loan or excepted consolidation loan),''.
            (2) Section 455(d)(1)(E).--Section 455(d)(1)(E) of such Act 
        (20 U.S.C. 1087e(d)(1)(D)) is amended by striking ``, except 
        that the plan described in this subparagraph shall not be 
        available to the borrower of a Federal Direct PLUS Loan made on 
        behalf of a dependent student or a Federal Direct Consolidation 
        Loan, if the proceeds of such loan were used to discharge the 
        liability on such Federal Direct PLUS Loan or a loan under 
        section 428B made on behalf of a dependent student''.
    (c) Application to Regulations.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
any Federal Direct PLUS Loan and any loan under section 428B of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-2) made on behalf of a 
dependent student are eligible for any repayment plan available under 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) or 
regulations authorized under such Act (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.).

                     PART 4--AMERICA RISING PROGRAM

SEC. 8221. ESTABLISHMENT OF AMERICA RISING PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of 
Education shall, jointly, establish a program under which--
            (1) grants are paid to eligible employers to defray the 
        cost of compensation paid by such employers to recent college 
        graduates; and
            (2) grants are paid to recent college graduates to enable 
        such graduates to defray the cost of undertaking further 
        postsecondary courses at an institution of higher education for 
        up to 24 months in subjects relating to mathematics, science, 
        engineering, or technology.
    (b) Terms and Conditions.--
            (1) In general.--A grant under this section may be made on 
        such terms and conditions as the Secretary may determine.
            (2) Deferral of federal student loan obligations.--Each 
        recent college graduate participating in the program under this 
        section (by benefitting from a grant awarded under paragraph 
        (1), or receiving a grant under paragraph (2), of subsection 
        (a)) may defer payment on Federal student loans made to the 
        graduate under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1070 et seq.) for the period of the graduate's 
        participation in the program.
            (3) Grants to eligible employers.--With respect to a grant 
        awarded under subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) an eligible employer--
                            (i) may use the grant to defray the cost of 
                        compensation for not more than 2 recent college 
                        graduates; and
                            (ii) shall provide a compensation amount to 
                        each recent college graduate participating in 
                        the program that is equal to or greater than 
                        the grant amount received by the employer for 
                        the graduate; and
                    (B) the Secretary may not award an eligible 
                employer more than $25,000 per recent college graduate.
            (4) Grants to recent college graduates.--With respect to a 
        grant awarded under subsection (a)(2) to a recent college 
        graduate, the graduate shall be eligible to receive Federal 
        student aid under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.) without regard to whether the graduate 
        has been or is delinquent on any Federal student loans made to 
        the graduate under such title IV (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.).
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible employer.--The term ``eligible employer'' 
        means an employer that--
                    (A) is a small business concern; or
                    (B) is a major corporation that has an operation 
                located in--
                            (i) an enterprise zone; or
                            (ii) an area in which, according to the 
                        most recent data available, the unemployment 
                        rate exceeds the national average unemployment 
                        rate by more than two percentage points.
            (2) Enterprise zone.--The term ``enterprise zone'' has the 
        meaning given the term ``HUBzone'' in section 3 of the Small 
        Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
            (3) Institution of higher education.--Except as provided in 
        paragraph (3)(B), the term ``institution of higher education'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 101 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001).
            (4) Major corporation.--The term ``major corporation'' 
        means an employer that earns an annual revenue of not less than 
        $5,000,000 and employs not less than 50 employees.
            (5) Recent college graduate.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``recent college 
                graduate'' means an individual--
                            (i) who has received a baccalaureate or 
                        associate degree from an institution of higher 
                        education on or after the date that is 24 
                        months before the grant benefitting the 
                        graduate is awarded under this section; and
                            (ii) who has not previously received any 
                        such baccalaureate or associate degree.
                    (B) Institution of higher education.--In 
                subparagraph (A), the term ``institution of higher 
                education'' has the meaning given such term in section 
                102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1002).
            (6) Small business concern.--The term ``small business 
        concern'' has the meaning given such term in section 3 of the 
        Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out this part $100,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
        2019, 2020, and 2021.
            (2) Availability.--Funds appropriated under paragraph (1) 
        shall remain available until expended.

                     PART 5--SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SEC. 8231. OFFICE OF CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION AND AWARENESS.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle C of title II of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 141 et seq.) is further amended by adding at the 
end the following new section:

``SEC. 230C. OFFICE OF CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION AND AWARENESS.

    ``(a) Establishment.--There shall be within the Department an 
Office of Cybersecurity Education and Awareness Branch (hereinafter in 
this section referred to as the `Office').
    ``(b) Responsibilities.--The Office shall be responsible for 
carrying out the duties of the Office as directed by the Secretary. The 
Office shall also report to the Secretary the ongoing work of the 
Office. Further, the Office shall report on the statutory authority, 
Executive orders or agency directives that guide the work of the 
Office. The Office shall report to the Secretary what additional 
authority is needed to fulfill the mission for the Office as outlined 
by the section. The Office shall also conduct research and make 
recommendations to the Secretary to the extent that the agency can 
effectively engage in the following:
            ``(1) Recruiting, retaining, and sustaining the skills and 
        knowledge of information assurance, cybersecurity and computer 
        security professionals in the Department of Homeland Security, 
        hereinafter known as the `Department'.
            ``(2) Supporting kindergarten through grade 12 science and 
        technology and computer and information safety education 
        through grants, and training programs.
            ``(3) Supporting postsecondary information assurance, 
        cybersecurity and computer security programs that provide 
        education that benefits the mission and objective of the 
        Department regarding recruitment and retention of highly 
        trained computing professionals who are work ready.
            ``(4) Promoting public knowledge of computer and 
        information security competitions to provide computer and 
        information security competition administrators, participants, 
        and sponsors with information necessary to further broader 
        public participation in these activities.
            ``(5) Developing a guest lecturer program or part-time 
        lecturer program comprised of information assurance, 
        cybersecurity and computer security experts in the Federal 
        Government, academia and private sector to support education of 
        students at institutions of higher education who are pursuing 
        degrees in computing science.
            ``(6) Managing a Computer and Information Security Youth 
        Training Pathway Program for secondary school and postsecondary 
        school students to work in part-time or summer positions along 
        with Federal agency computer and information security 
        professionals.
            ``(7) Developing programs that increase the capacity of 
        institutions defined in section 371 of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965--
                    ``(A) Historically Black Colleges and Universities;
                    ``(B) professional and academic areas in which 
                African-Americans are under represented;
                    ``(C) Hispanic-serving institutions;
                    ``(D) Native American colleges; and
                    ``(E) rural colleges and universities.
            ``(8) Conduct research and make recommendations to the 
        Secretary on what the agency can do to increase participation 
        of professional and academic under represented areas at 
        minority institutions.
            ``(9) Providing support to the institutions of higher 
        education described in subparagraphs (A) through (E) of 
        paragraph (7) to provide course work and education in computer 
        and information security designed to raise the number and 
        diversity of students in the field. The Office may use the 
        institutions defined under section 371 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q) minority-serving institutions are 
        defined as follows:
                    ``(A) A part B institution (as defined in section 
                322 (20 U.S.C. 1061)).
                    ``(B) A Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in 
                section 502 (20 U.S.C. 1101a)).
                    ``(C) A Tribal College or University (as defined in 
                section 316 (20 U.S.C. 1059)).
                    ``(D) An Alaska Native-serving institution or a 
                Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as defined in 
                section 317(b) (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b))).
                    ``(E) A Predominantly Black Institution (as defined 
                in subsection (c)).
                    ``(F) An Asian American and Native American Pacific 
                Islander-serving institution (as defined in subsection 
                (c)).
                    ``(G) A Native American-serving nontribal 
                institution (as defined in subsection (c)).
    ``(c) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) The term `information assurance, cybersecurity and 
        computer security program' has the meaning given by the 
        Secretary in consultation with the computing and information 
        Security Post Secondary Education Working Group under the bill.
            ``(2) The term `K-12' may be defined by the Secretary in 
        consultation with the K-12 Science and Technology Education 
        Board of Advisors under section 105 of the Cyber Security 
        Education and Federal Workforce Enhancement Act.
            ``(3) The Secretary may define higher education 
        institutions under this title using definitions found in 
        section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965.
            ``(4) The term `professional and academic under represented 
        areas' means areas in which African-Americans, Hispanics, and 
        women are under represented has the meaning given such term by 
        the Secretary, who may consult with the Commissioner for 
        Education Statistics and the Commissioner of the Bureau of 
        Labor Statistics. The basis of the determining the means should 
        be based on most recent available satisfactory data, as 
        computing and information security professional and academic 
        areas in which the percentage of African-Americans, Hispanics, 
        and females who have been educated, trained, and employed is 
        less than the percentage of African-Americans, Hispanics, and 
        women in the general population.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of 
such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 
230B the following new item:

``Sec. 230C. Office of Cybersecurity Education and Awareness.''.

SEC. 8232. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall consider 
existing authority to make grants to secondary schools under this 
section, which shall be known as ``Science and Technology Educators 
Initiative Grants''.
    (b) Selection of Schools.--If the Secretary determines that the 
Secretary has the authority to select a secondary school to receive 
grants under this section, the Secretary may consider the following 
factors:
            (1) Whether more than 40 percent of the students at the 
        secondary school are eligible for free or reduced price school 
        meal programs under the Richard B. Russell National School 
        Lunch Act and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966.
            (2) The location of the secondary school is in a rural 
        area.
            (3) The participation of representation of professions and 
        academic area among students which will also include home 
        schooled, individuals residing in rural areas, and individuals 
        attending underperforming secondary schools.
            (4) The location of the school in an area where the 
        unemployment rate was not more than one percent higher than the 
        national average unemployment rate during the 24-month period 
        preceding the determination of eligibility under this 
        subsection.
            (5) The location of the secondary school in an area where 
        the per capita income is of 80 percent or less of the national 
        per capita income.

SEC. 8233. PROJECT-BASED LEARNING PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall direct 
the Office of Cybersecurity Education and Awareness to conduct research 
to investigate and make recommendations regarding the feasibility and 
existing authority to establish a national project-based science and 
technology learning program, to be known as the ``K-12 Science and 
Technology Learning Program'' and make a report to both House and 
Senate Oversight Committees. Under such research program, the Secretary 
shall determine existing authority to--
            (1) create State and regional workshops to train teachers 
        in science and technology project-based learning;
            (2) establish between institutions of higher education, 
        businesses, and local public and private educational agencies 
        that serve students comprised of 40 percent or more of 
        professional and academic under represented areas to provide 
        materials and teaching aids to teachers who successfully 
        complete the science and technology project-based learning 
        program under this section;
            (3) identify no cost or low cost summer and after school 
        science and technology education programs and broadly 
        disseminate that information to the public; and
            (4) make grants to local educational agencies to support 
        the participation of teachers of elementary school and 
        secondary school in science and technology training programs by 
        providing travel and enrollment expenses, with a priority given 
        to teachers who work in schools serving neglected, delinquent, 
        migrant students, English learners, at-risk students, and 
        Native Americans, as determined by the Secretary.
    (b) Authority.--The Secretary shall have the authority under this 
statute to conduct a limited pilot project to test recommendations on 
possible programs that would be low-cost but have the greatest impact 
on instilling the importance of technology and science education.
    (c) Report to Congress.--The Secretary shall submit to Congress an 
annual report on the program established under this section.
    (d) Project-Based Science and Technology Learning Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``project-based science and technology learning'' 
means a systematic teaching method that engages students in learning 
essential science, technology, engineering and mathematics through 
knowledge and life-enhancing skills through an extended, student-
influenced inquiry process structured around complex, authentic 
questions and carefully designed products and tasks developed 
specifically for education.

SEC. 8234. MATCHING FUNDS FOR STATE AND PRIVATELY FINANCED SCIENCE AND 
              TECHNOLOGY AFTER-SCHOOL PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide 
matching funds to local educational agencies for after-school programs 
dedicated to science, technology, engineering, and math in an amount 
equal to the amount provided to the program by a State, local, tribal, 
or territorial government or by a nonprofit or private entity.
    (b) Criteria.--In selecting programs for which to provide funds 
under this section, the Secretary shall consider--
            (1) the number of students served by the programs; and
            (2) the participation in the programs of students from 
        populations referred to in section 230C of the Homeland 
        Security Act of 2002, as added by section 8231 of this Act.
    (c) Limitation on Amount of Funding.--For any fiscal year, no 
individual school's after-school program shall receive more than $5,000 
under this section.

SEC. 8235. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BOARD OF ADVISORS.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established in the Department of 
Homeland Security the ``Research K-12 Science and Technology Education 
Board of Advisors'' (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 
``Board'').
    (b) Membership.--
            (1) Composition.--The Board shall be composed of 15 members 
        appointed by the Secretary of Homeland Security, all of whom 
        shall have K-12 education expertise in programs. The Secretary 
        shall appoint members based on the following qualifications:
                    (A) Members of the Board shall have experience in 
                K-12 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 
                education programs.
                    (B) Members of the Board shall have experience in 
                training K-12 educators on providing science and 
                technology instruction.
                    (C) Members of the Board shall have experience in 
                the promotion of science and technology education among 
                under represented populations, as defined by section 
                230C of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by 
                section 8231 of this Act.
            (2) Deadline for appointment.--All members of the Board 
        shall be appointed not later than 60 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.
            (3) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the membership of the Board 
        shall not affect its powers and shall be filled in the same 
        manner in which the original appointment was made.
            (4) Compensation.--
                    (A) In general.--Members of the Board shall not 
                receive any compensation for their service.
                    (B) Travel expenses.--While away from their homes 
                or regular places of business in the performance of 
                services for the Board, members of the Board shall be 
                allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
                subsistence, in the same manner as persons employed 
                intermittently in the Government service are allowed 
                expenses under section 5703(b) of title 5, United 
                States Code.
                    (C) Prohibition of consultant or contracting 
                work.--No member of the Board while serving in this 
                capacity or for 1 year following departure from the 
                Board may work as a consultant or contract worker for 
                the Department of Homeland Security in a position 
                related to the work of the Board or member agency that 
                participates as a member of the Board.
    (c) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the Board are to 
research and make recommendations to the Secretary on--
            (1) the status of K-12 science and technology education 
        domestically and internationally;
            (2) how to increase the quality and diversity of science 
        and technology curriculum;
            (3) promoting K-12 science and technology competitions;
            (4) establishing a virtual network to support teacher and 
        student science and technology education and development;
            (5) ascertaining, evaluating, and reporting on best 
        practices for project-based science and technology learning (as 
        such term is defined in section 103(c)); and
            (6) identifying K-12 science and technology education 
        efforts that are successful in engaging youth, with proven 
        competence in engaging females, minorities, individuals 
        residing in rural areas, individuals residing in majority 
        minority districts, home schooled students.
    (d) Chair.--The Chair of the Board shall be designated by the 
Secretary from among the members of the Board.
    (e) Meetings.--
            (1) Initial meeting.--The Board shall meet and begin the 
        operations of the Board by not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act.
            (2) Subsequent meetings.--After its initial meeting, the 
        Board shall set the time and place of its next meeting. The 
        Board can upon the call of the chairman or a majority of its 
        members meet.
            (3) Quorum.--A majority of the Board shall constitute a 
        quorum.
            (4) Voting.--Proxy voting shall be allowed on behalf of a 
        member of the Board.
            (5) Rules of procedure.--The Board may establish rules for 
        the conduct of the Board's business, if such rules are not 
        inconsistent with this section or other applicable law.
    (f) Powers.--
            (1) Hearings and evidence.--The Board or, on the authority 
        of the Board, any subcommittee or member thereof, may, for the 
        purpose of carrying out this title hold such hearings and sit 
        and act at such times and places, take such testimony, receive 
        such evidence, administer such oaths.
            (2) Federal agency staff.--The Secretary shall make 
        decisions regarding Federal agency staff to be detailed to 
        support the work of the Board.
            (3) Contract authority.--The Board may enter into contracts 
        with the approval of the Secretary to such extent and in such 
        amounts as necessary for the Board to discharge its duties 
        under this section.
            (4) Information from federal agencies.--
                    (A) In general.--After providing notice to the 
                Secretary who may provide staff from the Department to 
                meet the staffing needs of the Board. After 10 working 
                days following notice to the Secretary the Board is 
                authorized to secure directly from any executive 
                department, bureau, agency, board, office, independent 
                establishment, or instrumentality of the Government, 
                information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics for 
                the purposes of this title. Each department, bureau, 
                agency, board, office, independent establishment, or 
                instrumentality shall, to the extent authorized by law, 
                furnish such information, suggestions, estimates, and 
                statistics directly to the Board, upon request made by 
                the chairman, the chairman of any subcommittee created 
                by a majority of the Board, or any member designated by 
                a majority of the Board.
                    (B) Receipt, handling, storage, and 
                dissemination.--Information shall only be received, 
                handled, stored, and disseminated by members of the 
                Board and its staff consistent with all applicable 
                statutes, regulations, and Executive orders.
            (5) Assistance from federal agencies.--
                    (A) General services administration.--The 
                Administrator of General Services shall provide to the 
                Board on a reimbursable basis administrative support 
                and other services for the performance of the Board's 
                functions.
                    (B) Other departments and agencies.--In addition to 
                the assistance prescribed in subparagraph (A), 
                departments and agencies of the United States may 
                provide to the Board such services, funds, facilities, 
                staff, and other support services as they may determine 
                advisable and as may be authorized by law.
                    (C) Postal services.--The Board may use the United 
                States mails in the same manner and under the same 
                conditions as departments and agencies of the United 
                States.
    (g) Staff.--
            (1) In general.--
                    (A) Appointment and compensation.--The Chair, in 
                accordance with rules agreed upon by the Board, may 
                appoint and fix the compensation of a staff director 
                and such other personnel as may be necessary to enable 
                the Board to carry out its functions, without regard to 
                the provisions of title 5, United States Code, 
                governing appointments in the competitive service, and 
                without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and 
                subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to 
                classification and General Schedule pay rates, except 
                that no rate of pay fixed under this subsection may 
                exceed the equivalent of that payable for a position at 
                level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of 
                title 5, United States Code.
                    (B) Personnel as federal employees.--
                            (i) In general.--The executive director and 
                        any personnel of the Board who are employees 
                        shall be employees under section 2105 of title 
                        5, United States Code, for purposes of chapters 
                        63, 81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 89, and 90 of that 
                        title.
                            (ii) Members of the board.--Clause (i) 
                        shall not be construed to apply to members of 
                        the Board.
            (2) Detailees.--Any Federal Government employee may be 
        detailed to the Board without reimbursement from the Board, and 
        such detailee shall retain the rights, status, and privileges 
        of his or her regular employment without interruption.
            (3) Administrative support from the department.--At the 
        request of the Board, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
        provide the Board with Administrative support necessary for the 
        Board to carry out its duties under this title.
    (h) Reports.--
            (1) Quarterly reports.--The Board shall submit to the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security quarterly reports on the 
        activities of the Board.
            (2) Final report.--Not later than two years after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, the Board shall submit to the 
        Secretary a final report containing such findings conclusions, 
        and recommendations as have been agreed to by a majority of 
        Board members.
    (i) Applicability of FACA.--
            (1) In general.--Nothing in the Federal Advisory Committee 
        Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall apply to the Board.
            (2) Public meetings and release of public versions of 
        reports.--The Board shall--
                    (A) hold public hearings and meetings to the extent 
                appropriate; and
                    (B) release public versions of the reports required 
                under subsection (h).
            (3) Public hearings.--Any public hearings of the Board 
        shall be conducted in a manner consistent with the protection 
        of information provided to or developed for or by the Board as 
        required by any applicable statute, regulation, or Executive 
        order.
    (j) Termination.--The Board, and all the authorities of this title, 
shall terminate two years after the date of the Board's first meeting, 
which shall take place 90 days following its appointment.
            (1) In general.--The Board and all the authorities under 
        this section shall terminate 60 days after the date on which 
        the final report is submitted under subsection (h)(2).
            (2) Administrative activities before termination.--The 
        Board may use the 60-day period referred to in paragraph (1) 
        for the purpose of concluding its activities, including 
        providing testimony to committees of Congress concerning its 
        reports and disseminating the final report.
    (k) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as 
may be necessary to carry out this section. Amounts made available 
pursuant to this subsection shall remain available until the 
termination of the Board.

SEC. 8236. LABORATORIES FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXCELLENCE.

    The Secretary of Homeland Security shall determine if existing 
authority allows the agency to make grants to local education agencies 
for the purpose of supplying laboratory facilities at secondary schools 
to promote the teaching of science, technology, engineering, and 
mathematics. If the Secretary determines that the authority does not 
exist shall make a report to congressional oversight committees 
detailing the limitation in agency authority to conduct activity under 
this section and make recommendations on the benefits if any should the 
agency have the authority to engage in the activity outlined in this 
section.

SEC. 8237. COMPUTING AND INFORMATION RESEARCH WORKING GROUP.

    (a) Establishment.--There is hereby established in the Department 
of Homeland Security the Computing and Information Security Post-
Secondary Education Working Group, hereafter in this section referred 
to as the ``Working Group''.
    (b) Responsibilities.--The Working Group shall conduct research 
and--
            (1) assist the Secretary in developing voluntary guidelines 
        that could serve as guidance to Federal civil agency training 
        programs, computer and information security certification 
        authorities, and accreditation bodies seeking guidance on 
        developing, enhancing, or sustaining competitive information 
        security; and
            (2) make recommendations to the Secretary regarding--
                    (A) the state of the computing and information 
                security workforce development;
                    (B) evaluations and reports on the advantages, 
                disadvantages, and approaches to professionalizing the 
                Nation's computing and information security workforce;
                    (C) criteria that can be used to identify which, if 
                any, specialty areas may require professionalization;
                    (D) criteria for evaluating different approaches 
                and tools for professionalization;
                    (E) techniques that enhance the efficiency and 
                effectiveness of computing and information security 
                workers;
                    (F) better tools and approaches for risk 
                identification and assessment;
                    (G) improved system design and development;
                    (H) creation of better incentives for deployment of 
                better computing and information security technologies;
                    (I) improvements in end user behaviors through 
                training and better coordination among network 
                managers;
                    (J) core curriculum requirements for computing and 
                information security training;
                    (K) efficacy and efficiencies of taxonomy and 
                definitions for computer and information security;
                    (L) guidelines for accreditations and certification 
                of computing and information security college and 
                university programs;
                    (M) identifying the role of mentors in the 
                retention of students enrolled in computing and 
                technology programs at institutions of higher education 
                who complete degree programs;
                    (N) remote access to computing and information 
                security education and training through the Internet; 
                and
                    (O) institution of higher education funding and 
                research needs.
    (c) Deadline for Submittal of Research Funding and 
Recommendations.--
            (1) Initial research.--The Working Group shall submit to 
        the Secretary an initial research plan that will guide the work 
        of the Working Group.
            (2) Other research recommendations.--The Working Group 
        shall provide the Secretary a list of other areas that require 
        research to accomplish the purpose of the agency's goal of 
        providing cyber security protection for the agency. The Working 
        Group shall provide a description of the proposed research and 
        the purpose of the research as it relates to the goals of 
        cybersecurity of the agency.
            (3) Initial recommendations.--The Working Group shall 
        submit to the Secretary initial recommendations under this 
        section by not later than nine months after the date on which 
        all of the members of the Working Group are appointed.
            (4) Other recommendations.--Not later than six months after 
        all members of the Working Group are appointed, the Working 
        Group shall submit to the Secretary research and 
        recommendations on the effectiveness of Federal civil agency 
        computer and information security training programs, including 
        an evaluation of certification authorities and their role in 
        providing work ready staff to fill positions with the agency.
            (5) Subsequent research and recommendations.--Not later 
        than one year after the date of the submittal of the initial 
        research and recommendations under paragraph (1), and annually 
        thereafter, the Working Group shall submit to the Secretary 
        subsequent research and recommendations under this section and 
        an update on the progress made toward a well trained and 
        sustainable Department computer and information workforce.
    (d) Membership.--
            (1) Chair.--The Chair of the Working Group shall be the 
        Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        or the Director's designee.
            (2) Other members.--The Working Group shall be composed of 
        21 members, who are appointed by the Secretary of Homeland 
        Security in consultation with the Director of NIST and the head 
        of the entity represented by the member.
            (3) Appointment.--All appointments are for a term of 2 
        years with one reappointment for an additional 2 years.
            (4) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Working Group 
        shall constitute a quorum.
    (e) No Compensation for Service.--While away from their homes or 
regular places of business in the performance of services for the 
Commission, members of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, 
including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as 
persons employed intermittently in the Government service are allowed 
expenses under section 5703(b) of title 5, United States Code.
    (f) Technical Support From the Department of Homeland Security.--At 
the request of the Working Group, the Secretary of Homeland Security 
shall provide the Working Group with technical support necessary for 
the Working Group to carry out its duties under this section.
    (g) Intellectual Property Rights.--No private-sector individual or 
entity shall obtain any intellectual property rights to any guidelines 
or recommendations nor the contents of any guideline (or any 
modification to any guideline) adopted by the Secretary under this 
section.
    (h) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Working Group shall submit to the Secretary 
a report containing researching findings, an outline for other areas 
requiring research and why as well as recommendations of the Working 
Group.
    (i) Submittal of Recommendations to Congress.--Not later than 18 
months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs of the Senate a report on the research findings, an outline of 
other areas requiring research and why and recommendations for 
furthering the cybersecurity of the agency.
    (j) Treatment of Recommendations.--The Secretary has the benefit of 
the Working Group's work which the Secretary may accept, reject, or 
modify. The Secretary shall not be bound by the recommendations of the 
Working Group.
    (k) Publication of Recommendations in Federal Register.--The 
Secretary shall approve the publication of grant application guidelines 
in the Federal Register by not later than 90 days after receiving the 
report submitted under subsection (h).
    (l) Applicability of FACA.--Nothing in the Federal Advisory 
Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.; relating to the termination of advisory 
committees) shall apply to the Working Group.

SEC. 8238. PROCESS FOR ADOPTION RESEARCH AND A BEST PRACTICES VOLUNTARY 
              GUIDELINES FOR LABORATORY FACILITIES.

    (a) Establishment of the Post-Secondary Laboratory Development Task 
Force.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall establish a ``Post-
Secondary Laboratory Research Development Task Force'' (hereinafter in 
this section referred to as the ``Development Task Force'').
    (b) Responsibilities.--The Development Task Force shall conduct 
research for and make recommendations to the Secretary regarding best 
practices voluntary guidelines for college and university laboratory 
facilities for education and research purposes related to information 
assurance, cybersecurity and computing security. Such research on what 
baseline equipment, capacity, skilled instruction, and certification 
may be needed for a set of best practices voluntary guidelines for 
colleague or university laboratories and make recommendations on the 
best methods of assuring that the greatest number of institutions have 
access to facilities that meet the baseline best practices regarding--
            (1) qualifications for laboratories for the purpose of 
        providing education or instruction in computing security, 
        computer networks, enterprises, informatics, and other systems 
        designated by the Secretary;
            (2) types of software;
            (3) types of hardware;
            (4) types of firmware;
            (5) security applications, including firewalls, whole hat 
        hackers, red teams, and blue teams;
            (6) security protocols needed to protect the physical and 
        computer resources of the laboratory;
            (7) accreditation and certification of college and 
        university computer and information security laboratories;
            (8) best practices for--
                    (A) public-private collaborations to support 
                secondary and post-secondary laboratory facilities for 
                computer or information security;
                    (B) visiting guest lecture programs for business 
                and Government information technology security experts; 
                and
                    (C) developing real world laboratory exercise and 
                proficiency measures; and
            (9) how best to recruit and retain instructors with 
        requisite degrees to teach computer and information security 
        courses to undergraduate and graduate students.
    (c) Membership.--
            (1) Members.--The Development Task Force shall be composed 
        of 19 members, including the Chair. The Secretary of Homeland 
        Security, in consultation with the head of the entity 
        represented by the member agencies, shall appoint members. The 
        Secretary shall appoint a chair from among the members of the 
        Development Task Force. Such members shall consist of one 
        representative of each of the following agencies:
                    (A) The White House Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy.
                    (B) The Office of the Director of National 
                Intelligence.
                    (C) The Department of Energy.
                    (D) The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
                    (E) The Department of Commerce.
                    (F) The National Institutes of Health.
                    (G) The National Institute of Science and 
                Technology.
                    (H) The National Science Foundation.
                    (I) The Director of the Office of Personnel 
                Management.
            (2) Other members.--The Secretary shall consider for the 
        other members of the Development Task Force representatives 
        from organizations that advocate and promote professional 
        development of professional and academic under represented 
        areas and organizations with the mission of promoting 
        professional development and academic excellence in information 
        assurance, cybersecurity and computing security:
                    (A) Organizations with the mission of advancing 
                computing as a science and profession.
                    (B) Organizations that promote information system 
                security education.
                    (C) Professional associations that are well 
                established and broadly recognized for the advancement 
                of technology.
                    (D) Professional associations that represent 
                professionals and academics referred to in section 230C 
                of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by 
                section 8231 of this Act.
                    (E) K-12 science and technology programs that 
                conduct successful after school and summer programs for 
                under represented populations, rural communities and 
                serve communities where unemployment is at least two 
                percent higher than the national average.
                    (F) Organizations that promote education of Native 
                Americans or other indigenous peoples of the United 
                States or its territories.
                    (G) Regional diversity of public and private school 
                districts that excel at science and technology 
                education.
            (3) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Development 
        Task Force shall constitute a quorum.
            (4) Voting.--Proxy voting shall be allowed on behalf of a 
        member of the Development Task Force.
            (5) Rules of procedure.--The Development Task Force may 
        establish rules for the conduct of the Development Task Force's 
        business, if such rules are not inconsistent with this section 
        or other applicable law.
    (d) Powers.--
            (1) Hearings and evidence.--The Development Task Force or, 
        on the authority of the Development Task Force, or any 
        subcommittee or member thereof, may, for the purpose of 
        carrying out this section hold such hearings and sit and act at 
        such times and places, take such testimony, receive such 
        evidence, and administer such oaths.
            (2) Contract authority.--After giving notice to the 
        Secretary who may substitute agency staff with the requisite 
        skills to fill a position needed by the Board at no additional 
        cost to the Board. After 10 working days following notice to 
        the Secretary the Development Task Force may enter into 
        contracts to such extent and in such amounts as necessary for 
        the Development Task Force to discharge its duties under this 
        section.
            (3) Information from federal agencies.--
                    (A) In general.--The Development Task Force is 
                authorized to secure directly from any executive 
                department, bureau, agency, board, office, independent 
                establishment, or instrumentality of the Government 
                information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics for 
                the purposes of this section. Each department, bureau, 
                agency, board, office, independent establishment, or 
                instrumentality shall, to the extent authorized by law, 
                furnish such information, suggestions, estimates, and 
                statistics directly to the Board, upon request made by 
                the chairman, the chairman of any subcommittee created 
                by a majority of the Board, or any member designated by 
                a majority of the Board.
                    (B) Receipt, handling, storage, and 
                dissemination.--Information shall only be received, 
                handled, stored, and disseminated by members of the 
                Board and its staff consistent with all applicable 
                statutes, regulations, and Executive orders.
            (4) Assistance from federal agencies.--
                    (A) General services administration.--The 
                Administrator of General Services shall provide to the 
                Development Task Force on a reimbursable basis 
                administrative support and other services for the 
                performance of the Board's functions.
                    (B) Other departments and agencies.--In addition to 
                the assistance prescribed in subparagraph (A), 
                departments and agencies of the United States may 
                provide to the Board such services, funds, facilities, 
                staff, and other support services as they may determine 
                advisable and as may be authorized by law.
                    (C) Postal services.--The Development Task Force 
                may use the United States mails in the same manner and 
                under the same conditions as departments and agencies 
                of the United States.
    (e) Staff.--
            (1) In general.--While away from their homes or regular 
        places of business in the performance of services for the 
        Commission, members of the Commission shall be allowed travel 
        expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the 
        same manner as persons employed intermittently in the 
        Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703(b) 
        of title 5, United States Code.
            (2) Personnel as federal employees.--
                    (A) In general.--The executive director and any 
                personnel of the Development Task Force who are 
                employees shall be employees under section 2105 of 
                title 5, United States Code, for purposes of chapters 
                63, 81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 89, and 90 of that title.
                    (B) Members of the development task force.--
                Subparagraph (A) shall not be construed to apply to 
                members of the Development Task Force.
            (3) Detailees.--Any Federal Government employee may be 
        detailed to the Board without reimbursement from the 
        Development Task Force, and such detailee shall retain the 
        rights, status, and privileges of his or her regular employment 
        without interruption.
    (f) No Compensation for Service.--Members of the Development Task 
Force shall not receive any compensation for their service, but shall 
be paid travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at 
rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of 
chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes 
or regular places of business in the performance of services for the 
Development Task Force.
    (g) Prohibition of Consultant or Contracting Work.--No member of 
the Development Task Force while serving in this capacity or for 1 year 
following departure from the Development Task Force may work as a 
consultant or contract worker for the Department of Homeland Security 
in a position related to the work of the Development Task Force or 
member agency that participates as a member of the Development Task 
Force.
    (h) Report.--The Development Task Force shall submit a report to 
the Secretary of Homeland Security; a report on research findings, best 
practices voluntary guidelines and recommendations to the Secretary. 
The report shall be in unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.
    (i) Secretary of Homeland Security Report.--The Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report on the work of the Development Task Force's 
research into best practices voluntary guidelines, areas that require 
additional study and a set of recommendations. The Secretary shall 
indicate to the Congress which Development Task Force recommendations 
have been implemented, which will be implemented, or which will be 
rejected and why.
    (j) Technical Support From the Department.--At the request of 
Development Task Force the Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide 
the Development Task Force with technical support necessary for the 
Development Task Force to carry out its duties under this section.
    (k) Intellectual Property.--No private-sector individual or entity 
serving on the Development Task Force shall obtain any intellectual 
property rights to any guidelines or recommendations that derive from 
the work of the Development Task Force or any guidelines (or any 
modification to any guidelines) based on the work of the Development 
Task Force.
    (l) Prohibition of Consultant or Contracting Work.--No member of 
the Development Task Force while serving in this capacity or for 1 year 
following departure from the Development Task Force may work as a 
consultant or contract worker in a position related to the direct work 
of the Development Task Force to the Department of Homeland Security or 
member agency that participates as a member of the Development Task 
Force.

SEC. 8239. COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SECURITY MENTORING PROGRAMS FOR 
              COLLEGE STUDENTS.

    (a) Office of Cybersecurity and Information Security Professional's 
Mentoring Program.--
            (1) In general.--Subtitle C of title II of the Homeland 
        Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 141 et seq.) is further amended 
        by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 230D. OFFICE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SECURITY 
              PROFESSIONAL'S MENTORING PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--There is in the Department an Office of 
Computing and Information Security Professional's Mentoring Program. 
The head of the office is the Mentoring Coordinator, who shall be 
appointed by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Responsibilities.--The Mentoring Coordinator shall be 
responsible for working with outreach to institution of higher 
education, critical infrastructure owners, and the heads of Federal 
departments and agencies to develop and promote the participation of 
professionals as volunteer mentors to--
            ``(1) undergraduate students at institutions of higher 
        education who are enrolled in the third or fourth year of a 
        program of education leading to a degree in computing or 
        information security;
            ``(2) students enrolled in a program of education leading 
        to a doctoral degree in computing or information security; and
            ``(3) new employees of Federal departments and agencies 
        whose primary responsibilities relate to computing or 
        information security.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
        1(b) of such Act is further amended by inserting after the item 
        relating to section 230C the following new item:

``Sec. 230D. Office of Computing and Information Security 
                            Professional's Mentoring Program.''.
    (b) Grant Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
        determine existing authority to make grants to covered 
        institutions of higher learning for the establishment of 
        mentoring programs for undergraduates enrolled in programs or 
        courses of education in information assurance, cybersecurity or 
        computing security programs.
            (2) Covered institutions of higher learning.--For purposes 
        of this subsection, the term ``covered institution of higher 
        learning'' means those institutions as defined in section 371 
        of the Higher Education Act of 1965 and listed in section 101 
        of this bill.

SEC. 8240. GRANTS FOR COMPUTER EQUIPMENT.

    (a) Grants.--The Secretary of Homeland Security may make grants to 
post-secondary institutions that offer courses or degrees in computing 
or information security to be used to establish or equip a computer 
laboratory to be made available to students and faculty for both 
teaching and research purposes.
    (b) Technical Support.--The Secretary shall ensure that each 
recipient of a grant under this section also receives technical support 
on the use and proper function of equipment and software.
    (c) Publication in Federal Register.--The Secretary shall publish 
the name of each institution of higher education that receives a grant 
under this section and the amount of such grant.
    (d) Qualification.--In making grants under this section, the 
Secretary--
            (1) shall take into consideration whether more than 50 
        percent of the students at an institution are taking online or 
        distance learning computer science and information security 
        courses; and
            (2) may establish guidance to institutions for entering 
        into laboratory facilities sharing agreements to allow 
        institutions to qualify for grants under this section.

SEC. 8241. CENTERS OF ACADEMIC COMPUTING AND INFORMATION ASSURANCE.

    (a) Program Established.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
establish a program for Centers of Academic Computer and Information 
Assurance Distinction.
    (b) Designation of Centers.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may designate five colleges 
        or universities as Centers of Distinction for Academic 
        Computing and Information Security Assurance each year with no 
        limit to the total number of such Centers that may be 
        established. The Secretary may make public the Centers for 
        Distinction in Academic Computing and Information Security 
        Assurance.
            (2) Revocation of designations.--The Secretary may revoke 
        the designation of a Center of Distinction for Academic 
        Computing and Information Security Assurance.
            (3) Criteria.--The Secretary shall make available 
        information regarding the criteria for designating an 
        institution as a Center of Distinction for Academic Computing 
        and Information Security Assurance under this section.
            (4) Distance learning.--In designating Centers under this 
        section, the Secretary shall consider the number of students 
        who are enrolled in distance learning computer or information 
        security courses and whether collaborations for in laboratory 
        instruction through shared arrangements with established 
        information assurance, cybersecurity computing security 
        programs at secondary education programs that laboratory 
        facilities that meet best practices as outlined by the 
        Secretary would be sufficient to meet the requirements 
        established under this section.
    (c) Outreach.--The Secretary shall identify and report on the 
success of efforts to reach under represented populations in the field 
of computing and information security through work with institutions as 
defined under section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 220 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress 
recommendations regarding distance learning computer and information 
security programs for meeting the cybersecurity professional 
requirements of the agency.
    (e) Consideration of Programs.--The Secretary may consider the 
following when making grants to postsecondary education institutions 
and private sector entities who are contracted, provided grants or 
funds to conduct research on information assurance, cybersecurity and 
computing security to advance the agency's cybersecurity capacity:
            (1) Institutions designated as a Center of Distinction for 
        Academic Computing and Information Security Assurance.
            (2) Institutions who have established academic mentoring 
        and program development partnerships related to information 
        assurance, cybersecurity, and computing security academic 
        programs with institutions defined under section 371 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965.

SEC. 8242. LIFELONG LEARNING IN COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SECURITY 
              STUDY.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
establish a program to be known as the ``Lifelong Computer and 
Information Security Study''. Such program shall be designed to promote 
computer and information security professionals among Federal civilian 
agencies, critical infrastructure, and the general public by supporting 
post-employment education and training.
    (b) Discretion of Secretary.--The Secretary shall have the 
discretion to determine the best methods for accomplishing the 
objective of this section.
    (c) Reports.--The Secretary shall periodically submit to Congress a 
report on the implementation of this section.

SEC. 8243. COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SECURITY JOB OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security, acting through 
the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity Education and 
Awareness, shall establish, in conjunction with the National Science 
Foundation, a program to award grants to institutions of higher 
education (and consortia thereof) for--
            (1) the establishment or expansion of computer and 
        information security professional development programs;
            (2) the establishment or expansion (or both) of associate 
        degree programs in computer and information security; and
            (3) the purchase of equipment to provide training in 
        computer and information security for either professional 
        development programs or degree programs.
    (b) Goals and Criteria.--The Secretary, acting through the Deputy 
Assistant Secretary and in consultation with the Working Group 
established under section 8237, shall establish the goals for the 
program under this section and the criteria for awarding grants.
    (c) Awards.--
            (1) Peer review.--All awards under this section shall be 
        provided on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The peer 
        review process shall be published in the Federal Register. 
        Those serving in a peer review role shall do so for 2 years 
        with an option for 1 additional term. Applicants in the event 
        of a denial of an award shall be provided with a detailed 
        explanation for the denial.
            (2) Focus.--In making awards under this section, the Deputy 
        Assistant Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, ensure 
        geographic diversity and the participation of women and under 
        represented minorities.
            (3) Preference.--In making awards under this section, the 
        Deputy Assistant Secretary shall--
                    (A) give preference to applications submitted by 
                consortia of institutions, to encourage as many 
                students and professionals as possible to benefit from 
                the program established under this section;
                    (B) give preference to any application submitted by 
                a consortium of institutions that includes at least one 
                institution that is eligible to receive funds under 
                title III or V of the Higher Education Act of 1965; and
                    (C) consider the enrollment of students in online 
                and distance learning courses.
    (d) Institution of Higher Education Defined.--In this section the 
term ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given that 
term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001(a)).

SEC. 8244. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY CYBERSECURITY TRAINING 
              PROGRAMS AND EQUIPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security, acting through 
the Assistant Secretary of Cybersecurity, shall establish, in 
conjunction with the National Science Foundation, a program to award 
grants to institutions of higher education (and consortia thereof) 
for--
            (1) the establishment or expansion of cybersecurity 
        professional development programs;
            (2) the establishment or expansion (or both) of associate 
        degree programs in cybersecurity; and
            (3) the purchase of equipment to provide training in 
        cybersecurity for either professional development programs or 
        degree programs.
    (b) Roles.--
            (1) Department of homeland security.--The Secretary, acting 
        through the Assistant Secretary and in consultation with the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation, shall establish 
        the goals for the program established under this section and 
        the criteria for awarding grants.
            (2) National science foundation.--The Director of the 
        National Science Foundation shall operate the program 
        established under this section consistent with the goals and 
        criteria established under paragraph (1), including soliciting 
        applicants, reviewing applications, and making and 
        administering awards. The Director may consult with the 
        Assistant Secretary in selecting awardees.
            (3) Funding.--The Secretary shall transfer to the National 
        Science Foundation the funds necessary to carry out this 
        section.
    (c) Awards.--
            (1) Peer review.--All awards under this section shall be 
        provided on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
            (2) Focus.--In making awards under this section, the 
        Director shall, to the extent practicable, ensure geographic 
        diversity and the participation of women and under represented 
        minorities.
            (3) Preference.--In making awards under this section, the 
        Director--
                    (A) shall give preference to applications submitted 
                by consortia of institutions, to encourage as many 
                students and professionals as possible to benefit from 
                the program established under this section; and
                    (B) shall give preference to any application 
                submitted by a consortium of institutions that includes 
                at least one institution that is eligible to receive 
                funds under title III or V of the Higher Education Act 
                of 1965.
    (d) Institution of Higher Education Defined.--In this section the 
term ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given that 
term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1001(a)).
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this section $3,700,000 
for each of fiscal years 2019 and 2020.

SEC. 8245. E-SECURITY FELLOWS PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment of Program.--Subtitle C of title II of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 121 et seq.) is further amended 
by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 230E. E-SECURITY FELLOWS PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        fellowship program in accordance with this section for the 
        purpose of bringing State, local, tribal, and private sector 
        officials to participate in the work of the National 
        Cybersecurity Division in order to become familiar with the 
        Department's stated cybersecurity missions and capabilities, 
        including but not limited to--
                    ``(A) enhancing Federal, State, local, and tribal 
                government cybersecurity;
                    ``(B) developing partnerships with other Federal 
                agencies, State, local, and tribal governments, and the 
                private sector;
                    ``(C) improving and enhancing public/private 
                information sharing involving cyber attacks, threats, 
                and vulnerabilities;
                    ``(D) providing and coordinating incident response 
                and recovery planning efforts; and
                    ``(E) fostering training and certification.
            ``(2) Program name.--The program under this section shall 
        be known as the E-Security Fellows Program.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible for selection as a 
fellow under the program, an individual must--
            ``(1) have cybersecurity-related responsibilities; and
            ``(2) be eligible to possess an appropriate national 
        security clearance.
    ``(c) Limitations.--The Secretary--
            ``(1) may conduct up to 2 iterations of the program each 
        year, each of which shall be 180 days in duration; and
            ``(2) shall ensure that the number of fellows selected for 
        each iteration does not impede the activities of the Division.
    ``(d) Condition.--As a condition of selecting an individual as a 
fellow under the program, the Secretary shall require that the 
individual's employer agree to continue to pay the individual's salary 
and benefits during the period of the fellowship.
    ``(e) Stipend.--During the period of the fellowship of an 
individual under the program, the Secretary shall, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, provide to the individual a stipend to 
cover the individual's reasonable living expenses during the period of 
the fellowship.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of 
such Act is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to such 
subtitle the following:

``Sec. 230E. E-Security Fellows Program.''.

SEC. 8246. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION STUDY ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 
              STUDENT RETENTION.

    (a) Study.--The National Science Foundation shall conduct a study 
on the causes of the high dropout rates of women and minority students 
enrolled in programs of education leading to degrees in science, 
technology, engineering, and mathematics and the effects of such 
dropout rates on the cost of education for such students and the 
shortage of workers qualified for jobs in science and technology.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the National Science Foundation shall submit to 
Congress a report on the study conducted under subsection (a) together 
with any recommendations of the National Science Foundation.

SEC. 8247. CHALLENGE GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall make 
grants to the Center of Distinction for Academic Computing and 
Information Security Assurance, which shall be known as ``Challenge 
Grants''. The recipient of a grant under this section shall use the 
grant to form a partnership with the Office of Cybersecurity Education 
and Awareness to assist in improving the computing programs of such 
colleges and universities and meeting the requirements to become a 
Center of Distinction for Academic Computing and Information Security. 
The Secretary shall ensure that the institutions that receive 
assistance under this subsection are the institutions as defined under 
section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q).
    (b) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
outcomes of the partnerships funded by grants under this section and 
shall include in such report the recommendations of the Secretary 
regarding improving the access of the population served by the 
institutions of higher education described in subsection (a).

SEC. 8248. E-SECURITY FELLOWS PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment of Program.--Subtitle C of title II of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 121 et seq.) is further amended 
by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 230F. E-SECURITY FELLOWS PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        fellowship program in accordance with this section for the 
        purpose of bringing State, local, tribal, and private sector 
        officials to participate in the work of the National 
        Cybersecurity Division in order to become familiar with the 
        Department's stated cybersecurity missions and capabilities, 
        including but not limited to--
                    ``(A) developing partnerships with other Federal 
                agencies, State, local, and tribal governments, and the 
                private sector; and
                    ``(B) fostering training and certification.
            ``(2) Program name.--The program under this section shall 
        be known as the `E-Security Fellows Program'.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible for selection as a 
fellow under the program, an individual must--
            ``(1) have computer and information security-related 
        responsibilities; and
            ``(2) be eligible to possess an appropriate national 
        security clearance.
    ``(c) Limitations.--The Secretary--
            ``(1) may conduct up to 2 iterations of the program each 
        year, each of which shall be 180 days in duration; and
            ``(2) shall ensure that the number of fellows selected for 
        each iteration does not impede the activities of the Division.
    ``(d) Condition.--As a condition of selecting an individual as a 
fellow under the program, the Secretary shall require that the 
individual's employer agree to continue to pay the individual's salary 
and benefits during the period of the fellowship.
    ``(e) Stipend.--During the period of the fellowship of an 
individual under the program, the Secretary shall, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, provide to the individual a stipend to 
cover the individual's reasonable living expenses during the period of 
the fellowship.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of 
such Act is further amended by adding at the end of the items relating 
to such subtitle the following:

``Sec. 230F. E-Security Fellows Program.''.

           PART 6--SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM

SEC. 8251. ELIGIBILITY OF STUDENTS TO PARTICIPATE IN THE SUPPLEMENTAL 
              NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    (a) Amendments.--Section 6(e) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2015(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7) by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) has an expected family contribution of zero, as 
        determined by the procedures established in part F of title IV 
        of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087kk-1087vv); 
        or
            ``(10) is determined to be `independent' based on one of 
        the criteria specified in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (G), and 
        (H) of section 480(d)(1) of the Higher Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
        1087vv).''.
    (b) Effective Date.--This section and the amendments made by this 
section shall take effect on October 1, 2019.

PART 7--STRENGTHENING PREVENTION AND RESPONSE MEASURES FOR HATE CRIMES 
                          ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES

SEC. 8261. HATE CRIME PREVENTION AND RESPONSE.

    Part B of title I of the Higher Education Act of 1965 is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 124. HATE CRIME PREVENTION AND RESPONSE.

    ``(a) Restriction on Eligibility.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, no institution of higher education shall be eligible 
to receive funds or any other form of financial assistance under any 
program under title IV, unless the institution certifies to the 
Secretary that the institution has adopted and has implemented a 
program to prevent and adequately respond to hate crimes within the 
jurisdiction of the institution or by students and employees that, at a 
minimum, includes--
            ``(1) the annual distribution to each student and employee 
        of--
                    ``(A) standards of conduct and the applicable 
                sanctions that clearly prohibit, at a minimum, the acts 
                or threats of violence, property damage, harassment, 
                intimidation, or other crimes that specifically target 
                an individual based on their race, religion, ethnicity, 
                handicap, sexual orientation, gender, or gender 
                identification by students and employees on the 
                institution's property or as a part of any of the 
                institution's activities;
                    ``(B) a clear definition of what constitutes a hate 
                crime or hate incident under Federal and State law or 
                other applicable authority;
                    ``(C) a description of the applicable legal 
                sanctions under local, State, or Federal law for 
                perpetrating a hate crime;
                    ``(D) a description of any counseling, medical 
                treatment, or rehabilitation programs that are 
                available to students or employees that are victims of 
                hate crimes or other hate-based incidences;
                    ``(E) a description of applicable services for 
                students to be able to switch dorms, classes, or make 
                other arrangements should they feel unsafe in those 
                spaces due to a hate crime which affects such space; 
                and
                    ``(F) a distinct statement that the institution 
                will impose sanctions on students and employees 
                (consistent with local, State, and Federal law), and a 
                description of those sanctions, up to and including 
                expulsion or termination of employment and referral for 
                prosecution, for violations of the standards of conduct 
                required by subparagraph (A); and
            ``(2) a quadrennial review by the institution of the 
        institution's program to--
                    ``(A) determine the program's effectiveness and 
                implement changes to the program if the changes are 
                needed;
                    ``(B) determine the number of hate crimes and 
                fatalities that--
                            ``(i) occur on the institution's campus (as 
                        defined in section 485(f)(6)), or as part of 
                        any of the institution's activities; and
                            ``(ii) are reported to campus officials or 
                        nonaffiliated local law enforcement agencies 
                        with jurisdiction over the incident;
                    ``(C) determine the number, type, and severity of 
                sanctions described in paragraph (1)(F) that are 
                imposed by the institution as a result of hate crimes 
                and fatalities on the institution's campus or as part 
                of any of the institution's activities; and
                    ``(D) ensure that sanctions required by paragraph 
                (1)(F) are consistently enforced.
    ``(b) Information Availability.--Each institution of higher 
education that provides the certification required by subsection (a) 
shall, upon request, make available to the Secretary and to the public 
a copy of each item required by subsection (a)(1) as well as the 
results of the biennial review required by subsection (a)(2).
            ``(1) Regulations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall publish 
                regulations to implement and enforce the provisions of 
                this section, including regulations that provide for--
                            ``(i) the periodic review of a 
                        representative sample of programs required by 
                        subsection (a); and
                            ``(ii) a range of responses and sanctions 
                        for institutions of higher education that fail 
                        to implement their programs or to consistently 
                        enforce their sanctions, including information 
                        and technical assistance, the development of a 
                        compliance agreement, and the termination of 
                        any form of Federal financial assistance.
                    ``(B) Inclusivity program.--The sanctions required 
                by subsection (a)(1)(F) that are imposed by the 
                institution of higher education, may include an 
                inclusivity program as an explicit condition of 
                remaining enrolled at the institution of higher 
                education, that the defendant successfully undertake 
                educational classes or community service directly 
                related to the community harmed by the respondent's 
                offense.
            ``(2) Appeals.--Upon determination by the Secretary to 
        terminate financial assistance to any institution of higher 
        education under this section, the institution may file an 
        appeal with an administrative law judge before the expiration 
        of the 30-day period beginning on the date such institution is 
        notified of the decision to terminate financial assistance 
        under this section. Such judge shall hold a hearing with 
        respect to such termination of assistance before the expiration 
        of the 45-day period beginning on the date that such appeal is 
        filed. Such judge may extend such 45-day period upon a motion 
        by the institution concerned. The decision of the judge with 
        respect to such termination shall be considered to be a final 
        agency action.
            ``(3) Hate crime prevention and response grants.--
                    ``(A) Program authority.--The Secretary may make 
                grants to institutions of higher education or consortia 
                of such institutions, and enter into contracts with 
                such institutions, consortia, and other organizations, 
                to develop, implement, operate, improve, and 
                disseminate programs of prevention, and education to 
                reduce and eliminate hate crimes. Such grants or 
                contracts may also be used for the support of a higher 
                education center for hate crime prevention and response 
                that will provide training, technical assistance, 
                evaluation, dissemination, and associated services and 
                assistance to the higher education community as 
                determined by the Secretary and institutions of higher 
                education.
                    ``(B) Awards.--Grants and contracts shall be 
                awarded under subparagraph (A) on a by needs basis.
                    ``(C) Applications.--An institution of higher 
                education or a consortium of such institutions that 
                desires to receive a grant or contract under paragraph 
                (A) shall submit an application to the Secretary at 
                such time, in such manner, and containing or 
                accompanied by such information as the Secretary may 
                reasonably require by regulation.
                    ``(D) Additional requirements.--
                            ``(i) Participation.--In awarding grants 
                        and contracts under this subsection the 
                        Secretary shall make every effort to ensure--
                                    ``(I) the equitable participation 
                                of private and public institutions of 
                                higher education (including community 
                                and junior colleges); and
                                    ``(II) the equitable geographic 
                                participation of such institutions.
                            ``(ii) Consideration.--In awarding grants 
                        and contracts under this subsection the 
                        Secretary shall give appropriate consideration 
                        to institutions of higher education with 
                        limited enrollment.
                    ``(E) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
                authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
                subsection such sums as may be necessary for fiscal 
                year 2019 and each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.
            ``(4) Definition.--The term `hate crime' means any criminal 
        offense perpetrated against a person or property that was 
        motivated in whole or in part by an offender's bias against a 
        race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, 
        gender, or gender identity.''.

SEC. 8262. CLERY ACT AMENDMENTS.

    Section 485(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1092(f)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) by striking ``and'' at the end of 
                        clause (ii);
                            (ii) in clause (iii)--
                                    (I) by striking ``encourage'' and 
                                inserting ``require'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``, including 
                                hate crimes,'' after ``all crimes''; 
                                and
                                    (III) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(i) policies encourage officer 
                        development training to specifically recognize, 
                        prevent, and respond to hate crimes.''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(K) A statement of policy regarding hate-based crimes and 
        the enforcement of Federal and State hate crime laws and a 
        description of any hate crime prevention and response programs 
        required under section 124.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (6)(A), by adding at the end the 
        following:
                            ``(vi) The term `hate crime' has the 
                        meaning given the term in section 124(b)(4).''.

SEC. 8263. PROGRAM PARTICIPATION AGREEMENTS.

    Section 487(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1094(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(30) The institution will have hate crime 
                        prevention and response programs that the 
                        institution has determined to be accessible to 
                        any officer, employee, or student at the 
                        institution and which meets the requirements of 
                        section 124.''.

SEC. 8264. ACCREDITING AGENCY RECOGNITION.

    Section 496(a)(5) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1099b(a)(5)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (I), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (J), by inserting ``and'' after the 
        semicolon; and
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (J) and before the 
        flush text, the following:
                    ``(K) safety objectives with respect to hate crimes 
                (defined in section 124(b)(4)) and the established 
                measures and policies to combat such crimes;''.

        Subtitle D--Historically Black Colleges and Universities

SEC. 8301. BOND INSURANCE.

    Section 343 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1066b) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``escrow account'' each place it appears 
        and inserting ``bond insurance fund''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``an'' and 
                inserting ``a''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (8), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking ``an'' and inserting 
                ``a''.

SEC. 8302. STRENGTHENING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    Paragraph (9) of section 345 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1066d) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(9) may, directly or by grant or contract, provide 
        financial counseling and technical assistance to eligible 
        institutions to prepare the institutions to qualify, apply for, 
        and maintain a capital improvement loan, including a loan under 
        this part; and''.

SEC. 8303. HBCU CAPITAL FINANCING ADVISORY BOARD.

    Paragraph (2) of section 347(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1066f(c)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(2) Report.--On an annual basis, the Advisory Board shall 
        prepare and submit to the authorizing committees a report on 
        the status of the historically Black colleges and universities 
        described in paragraph (1)(A). That report shall also include--
                    ``(A) an overview of all loans in the capital 
                financing program, including the most recent loans 
                awarded in the fiscal year in which the report is 
                submitted; and
                    ``(B) administrative and legislative 
                recommendations, as needed, for addressing the issues 
                related to construction financing facing historically 
                Black colleges and universities.''.

                         Subtitle E--Mentoring

SEC. 8401. TRANSITION-TO-SUCCESS MENTORING PROGRAM.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1002(d) of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6553) is 
amended to read as follows: ``There are authorized to be appropriated 
to carry out the activities described in part D, $50,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2019 and such sums as may be necessary for each succeeding fiscal 
year.''.
    (b) Transition-to-Success Mentoring Program.--Part D of title I of 
such Act (20 U.S.C. 6421 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

          ``Subpart 4--Transition-to-Success Mentoring Program

``SEC. 1441. TRANSITION-TO-SUCCESS MENTORING PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--From the amounts appropriated to carry out this 
section, the Secretary shall award grants to eligible entities to 
establish, expand, or support school-based mentoring programs to assist 
eligible students with the transition from middle school to high 
school.
    ``(b) Application.--To receive a grant under this section, an 
eligible entity shall submit an application to the Secretary at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require.
    ``(c) Uses of Funds.--
            ``(1) Required uses of funds.--An eligible entity that 
        receives a grant under this section shall use the grant funds 
        to establish a mentoring program, or to expand or provide 
        technical support to an existing mentoring program, in all 
        middle schools served by the entity, under which each eligible 
        student is assigned to a success coach who--
                    ``(A) creates a plan for success for the student 
                that--
                            ``(i) is created with the student, 
                        teachers, mentor, and parents of the student;
                            ``(ii) includes, for each academic year, 
                        the student's academic, personal, and career 
                        exploration goals, and a strategy on how to 
                        accomplish such goals; and
                            ``(iii) identifies the student's strengths, 
                        weaknesses, and academic progress;
                    ``(B) enters into a signed, written agreement with 
                the parents of the student that describes how the 
                parents should assist the student in carrying out the 
                plan for success;
                    ``(C) meets with the student at least once per 
                month to--
                            ``(i) assist the student in achieving the 
                        goals under the plan for success;
                            ``(ii) identify the student's academic 
                        areas of weaknesses;
                            ``(iii) provide the student with the tools 
                        necessary to improve the student's potential 
                        for academic excellence, and ensure the 
                        student's successful transition from middle 
                        school to high school by identifying improved 
                        attitude, behavior, coursework, and social 
                        involvement; and
                            ``(iv) in the case of a student with 
                        behavioral issues, assist the student in 
                        behavior management techniques;
                    ``(D) at least monthly, meets with the student and 
                the parents, teachers, or counselors of the student 
                to--
                            ``(i) evaluate the student's progress in 
                        achieving the goals under the plan for the 
                        current academic year; and
                            ``(ii) revise or establish new goals for 
                        the next academic year; and
                    ``(E) serves as the student's advocate between the 
                teachers and parents of the student to ensure that the 
                teachers and parents understand the student's plan.
            ``(2) Authorized uses of funds.--An eligible entity that 
        receives a grant under this section may use such funds to--
                    ``(A) develop and carry out a training program for 
                success coaches, including providing support to match 
                success coaches with eligible students;
                    ``(B) cover the cost of any materials used by 
                success coaches under the mentoring program; and
                    ``(C) hire staff to perform or support the program 
                objectives.
    ``(d) Grant Duration.--A grant under this section shall be awarded 
for a period of not more than 5 years.
    ``(e) Reporting Requirements.--
            ``(1) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity receiving a 
        grant under this section shall submit to the Secretary, at the 
        end of each academic year during the grant period, a report 
        that includes--
                    ``(A) the number of students who participated in 
                the school-based mentoring program that was funded in 
                whole or in part with the grant funds under this 
                section;
                    ``(B) data on the academic achievement of such 
                students;
                    ``(C) the number of contact hours between such 
                students and their success coaches; and
                    ``(D) any other information that the Secretary may 
                require to evaluate the success of the school-based 
                mentoring program.
            ``(2) Secretary.--
                    ``(A) Interim report.--At the end of the third 
                fiscal year for which funds are made available to carry 
                out this section, the Secretary shall submit to 
                Congress an interim report on the success of the 
                school-based mentoring programs funded under this 
                section that includes the information received under 
                paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Final report.--At the end of the fifth fiscal 
                year for which funds are made available to carry out 
                this section, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a 
                final report on the success of the school-based 
                mentoring programs funded under this section that 
                includes the information received under paragraph (1).
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) At-risk student.--The term `at-risk student' means a 
        student who has been identified as a student who has below a 
        2.0 grade point average or the equivalent or who has been 
        determined by parents, teachers, or other school officials to--
                    ``(A) be at-risk of academic failure;
                    ``(B) have expressed interest in dropping out of 
                school;
                    ``(C) show signs of a drug or alcohol problem;
                    ``(D) be pregnant or a parent;
                    ``(E) have come into contact with the juvenile 
                justice system in the past;
                    ``(F) have limited English proficiency;
                    ``(G) be a gang member; or
                    ``(H) have a high absenteeism rate at school.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) a local educational agency that--
                            ``(i) receives, or is eligible to receive, 
                        funds under part A of this title; or
                            ``(ii) is a high-need local educational 
                        agency; or
                    ``(B) a partnership between a local educational 
                agency described in subparagraph (A) and a nonprofit, 
                community-based organization.
            ``(3) Eligible student.--The term `eligible student' means 
        a student who--
                    ``(A) is enrolled in a middle school served by an 
                eligible entity; and
                    ``(B) is an at-risk student.
            ``(4) High-need local educational agency.--The term `high-
        need local educational agency' means a local educational agency 
        that serves at least one high-need school.
            ``(5) High-need school.--The term `high-need school' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 2211(b)(2).
            ``(6) Middle school.--The term `middle school' means a 
        nonprofit institutional day or residential school, including a 
        public charter school, that provides middle school education, 
        as determined under State law, except that the term does not 
        include any education below grade 6 or beyond grade 9.
            ``(7) School-based mentoring.--The term `school-based 
        mentoring' refers to mentoring activities that--
                    ``(A) are closely coordinated with a school by 
                involving teachers, counselors, and other school staff 
                who may identify and refer students for mentoring 
                services; and
                    ``(B) assist at-risk students in improving academic 
                achievement, reducing disciplinary referrals, and 
                increasing positive regard for school.
            ``(8) Success coach.--The term `success coach' means an 
        individual who--
                    ``(A) is--
                            ``(i) an employee or volunteer of a local 
                        educational agency in which a mentoring program 
                        receiving support under this section is being 
                        carried out; or
                            ``(ii) a volunteer or employee from a 
                        nonprofit, community-based organization that 
                        provides volunteers for mentoring programs in 
                        secondary schools; and
                    ``(B) prior to becoming a success coach--
                            ``(i) received training and support in 
                        mentoring from an eligible entity, which, at a 
                        minimum, was 2 hours in length and covered the 
                        roles and responsibilities of a success coach; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) underwent a screening by an eligible 
                        entity that included--
                                    ``(I) appropriate job reference 
                                checks;
                                    ``(II) child and domestic abuse 
                                record checks; and
                                    ``(III) criminal background 
                                checks.''.

SEC. 8402. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents in section 2 of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 1432 the following:

          ``subpart 4--transition-to-success mentoring program

``Sec. 1441. Transition-to-success mentoring program.''.

                        Subtitle F--Civil Rights

SEC. 8501. RESTORATION OF RIGHT TO CIVIL ACTION IN DISPARATE IMPACT 
              CASES UNDER TITLE VI OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964.

    Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 607.  The violation of any regulation relating to disparate 
impact issued under section 602 shall give rise to a private civil 
cause of action for its enforcement to the same extent as does an 
intentional violation of the prohibition of section 601.''.

SEC. 8502. DESIGNATION OF MONITORS UNDER TITLE VI OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS 
              ACT OF 1964.

    Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) 
is further amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 608. (a) Each recipient shall--
            ``(1) designate at least one employee to coordinate its 
        efforts to comply with requirements adopted pursuant to section 
        602 and carry out the responsibilities of the recipient under 
        this title, including any investigation of any complaint 
        alleging the noncompliance of the recipient with such 
        requirements or alleging any actions prohibited under this 
        title; and
            ``(2) notify its students and employees of the name, office 
        address, and telephone number of each employee designated under 
        paragraph (1).
    ``(b) In this section, the term `recipient' means a recipient 
referred to in section 602 that operates an education program or 
activity receiving Federal financial assistance authorized or extended 
by the Secretary of Education.''.

SEC. 8503. SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR EQUITY AND INCLUSION.

    Section 202(b) of the Department of Education Organization Act (20 
U.S.C. 3412(b)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3), the following:
            ``(4) There shall be in the Department, a Special Assistant 
        for Equity and Inclusion who shall be appointed by the 
        Secretary. The Special Assistant shall promote, coordinate, and 
        evaluate equity and inclusion programs, including the 
        dissemination of information, technical assistance, and 
        coordination of research activities. The Special Assistant 
        shall advise the Secretary and Deputy Secretary on all matters 
        relating to equity and inclusion in a manner consistent with 
        title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et 
        seq.).''.

                          DIVISION B--JUSTICE

                         TITLE I--POLICE REFORM

SEC. 1001. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Covered program.--The term ``covered program'' means 
        any program or activity funded in whole or in part with funds 
        made available under--
                    (A) the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance 
                Grant Program under part E of title I of the Omnibus 
                Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
                3750 et seq.); and
                    (B) the ``Cops on the Beat'' program under part Q 
                of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
                Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796dd et seq.), except 
                that no program, project, or other activity specified 
                in section 1701(b)(13) of such part shall be a covered 
                program under this paragraph.
            (2) Governmental body.--The term ``governmental body'' 
        means any department, agency, special purpose district, or 
        other instrumentality of Federal, State, local, or Indian 
        tribal government.
            (3) Hit rate.--The term ``hit rate'' means the percentage 
        of stops and searches in which a law enforcement officer finds 
        drugs, a gun, or other contraband that leads to an arrest. The 
        hit rate is calculated by dividing the total number of searches 
        by the number of searches that yield contraband. The hit rate 
        is complementary to the rate of false stops.
            (4) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 102 of the Federally 
        Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 479a).
            (5) Law enforcement agency.--The term ``law enforcement 
        agency'' means any Federal, State, local, or Indian tribal 
        public agency engaged in the prevention, detection, or 
        investigation of violations of criminal, immigration, or 
        customs laws.
            (6) Law enforcement agent.--The term ``law enforcement 
        agent'' means any Federal, State, local, or Indian tribal 
        official responsible for enforcing criminal, immigration, or 
        customs laws, including police officers and other agents of a 
        law enforcement agency.
            (7) Racial profiling.--The term ``racial profiling'' means 
        the practice of a law enforcement agent or agency relying, to 
        any degree, on actual or perceived race, ethnicity, national 
        origin, religion, gender, gender identity, or sexual 
        orientation in selecting which individual to subject to routine 
        or spontaneous investigatory activities or in deciding upon the 
        scope and substance of law enforcement activity following the 
        initial investigatory procedure, except when there is 
        trustworthy information, relevant to the locality and 
        timeframe, that links a person with a particular characteristic 
        described in this paragraph to an identified criminal incident 
        or scheme.
            (8) Routine or spontaneous investigatory activities.--The 
        term ``routine or spontaneous investigatory activities'' means 
        the following activities by a law enforcement agent:
                    (A) Interviews.
                    (B) Traffic stops.
                    (C) Pedestrian stops.
                    (D) Frisks and other types of body searches.
                    (E) Consensual or nonconsensual searches of the 
                persons, property, or possessions (including vehicles) 
                of individuals using any form of public or private 
                transportation, including motorists and pedestrians.
                    (F) Data collection and analysis, assessments, and 
                predicated investigations.
                    (G) Inspections and interviews of entrants into the 
                United States that are more extensive than those 
                customarily carried out.
                    (H) Immigration-related workplace investigations.
                    (I) Such other types of law enforcement encounters 
                compiled for or by the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
                or the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice 
                Statistics.
            (9) Reasonable request.--The term ``reasonable request'' 
        means all requests for information, except for those that--
                    (A) are immaterial to the investigation;
                    (B) would result in the unnecessary disclosure of 
                personal information; or
                    (C) would place a severe burden on the resources of 
                the law enforcement agency given its size.
            (10) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the 50 
        States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
        Rico, and any other territory or possession of the United 
        States.
            (11) Unit of local government.--The term ``unit of local 
        government'' means--
                    (A) any city, county, township, town, borough, 
                parish, village, or other general purpose political 
                subdivision of a State;
                    (B) any law enforcement district or judicial 
                enforcement district that--
                            (i) is established under applicable State 
                        law; and
                            (ii) has the authority to, in a manner 
                        independent of other State entities, establish 
                        a budget and impose taxes; or
                    (C) any Indian tribe that performs law enforcement 
                functions, as determined by the Secretary of the 
                Interior.

SEC. 1002. PROHIBITION.

    No law enforcement agent or law enforcement agency shall engage in 
racial profiling.

SEC. 1003. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Remedy.--The United States, or an individual injured by racial 
profiling, may enforce this title in a civil action for declaratory or 
injunctive relief, filed either in a State court of general 
jurisdiction or in a district court of the United States.
    (b) Parties.--In any action brought under this title, relief may be 
obtained against--
            (1) any governmental body that employed any law enforcement 
        agent who engaged in racial profiling;
            (2) any agent of such body who engaged in racial profiling; 
        and
            (3) any person with supervisory authority over such agent.
    (c) Nature of Proof.--Proof that the routine or spontaneous 
investigatory activities of law enforcement agents in a jurisdiction 
have had a disparate impact on individuals with a particular 
characteristic described in section 1001(7) shall constitute prima 
facie evidence of a violation of this title.
    (d) Attorney's Fees.--In any action or proceeding to enforce this 
title against any governmental body, the court may allow a prevailing 
plaintiff, other than the United States, reasonable attorney's fees as 
part of the costs, and may include expert fees as part of the 
attorney's fee.

SEC. 1004. POLICIES TO ELIMINATE RACIAL PROFILING.

    (a) In General.--Federal law enforcement agencies shall--
            (1) maintain adequate policies and procedures designed to 
        eliminate racial profiling; and
            (2) cease existing practices that permit racial profiling.
    (b) Policies.--The policies and procedures described in subsection 
(a)(1) shall include--
            (1) a prohibition on racial profiling;
            (2) training on racial profiling issues as part of Federal 
        law enforcement training;
            (3) the collection of data in accordance with the 
        regulations issued by the Attorney General under section 401;
            (4) procedures for receiving, investigating, and responding 
        meaningfully to complaints alleging racial profiling by law 
        enforcement agents; and
            (5) any other policies and procedures the Attorney General 
        determines to be necessary to eliminate racial profiling by 
        Federal law enforcement agencies.

SEC. 1005. POLICIES REQUIRED FOR GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--An application by a State, a unit of local 
government, or a State, local, or Indian tribal law enforcement agency 
for funding under a covered program shall include a certification that 
such State, unit of local government, or law enforcement agency, and 
any law enforcement agency to which it will distribute funds--
            (1) maintains adequate policies and procedures designed to 
        eliminate racial profiling; and
            (2) has eliminated any existing practices that permit or 
        encourage racial profiling.
    (b) Policies.--The policies and procedures described in subsection 
(a)(1) shall include--
            (1) a prohibition on racial profiling;
            (2) training on racial profiling issues as part of law 
        enforcement training;
            (3) the collection of data in accordance with the 
        regulations issued by the Attorney General under section 401; 
        and
            (4) participation in an administrative complaint procedure 
        or independent audit program that meets the requirements of 
        section 302.
    (c) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 12 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1006. INVOLVEMENT OF ATTORNEY GENERAL.

    (a) Regulations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act and in consultation with stakeholders, 
        including Federal, State, tribal, and local law enforcement 
        agencies and community, professional, research, and civil 
        rights organizations, the Attorney General shall issue 
        regulations for the operation of administrative complaint 
        procedures and independent audit programs to ensure that such 
        programs and procedures provide an appropriate response to 
        allegations of racial profiling by law enforcement agents or 
        agencies.
            (2) Guidelines.--The regulations issued under paragraph (1) 
        shall contain guidelines that ensure the fairness, 
        effectiveness, and independence of the administrative complaint 
        procedures and independent auditor programs.
    (b) Noncompliance.--If the Attorney General determines that the 
recipient of a grant from any covered program is not in compliance with 
the requirements of section 301 or the regulations issued under 
subsection (a), the Attorney General shall withhold, in whole or in 
part (at the discretion of the Attorney General), funds for one or more 
grants to the recipient under the covered program, until the recipient 
establishes compliance.
    (c) Private Parties.--The Attorney General shall provide notice and 
an opportunity for private parties to present evidence to the Attorney 
General that a recipient of a grant from any covered program is not in 
compliance with the requirements of this title.

SEC. 1007. DATA COLLECTION DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.

    (a) Competitive Awards.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General may, through 
        competitive grants or contracts, carry out a 2-year 
        demonstration project for the purpose of developing and 
        implementing data collection programs on the hit rates for 
        stops and searches by law enforcement agencies. The data 
        collected shall be disaggregated by race, ethnicity, national 
        origin, gender, and religion.
            (2) Number of grants.--The Attorney General shall provide 
        not more than 5 grants or contracts under this section.
            (3) Eligible grantees.--Grants or contracts under this 
        section shall be awarded to law enforcement agencies that serve 
        communities where there is a significant concentration of 
        racial or ethnic minorities and that are not already collecting 
        data voluntarily.
    (b) Required Activities.--Activities carried out with a grant under 
this section shall include--
            (1) developing a data collection tool and reporting the 
        compiled data to the Attorney General; and
            (2) training of law enforcement personnel on data 
        collection, particularly for data collection on hit rates for 
        stops and searches.
    (c) Evaluation.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Attorney General shall enter into a contract with an 
institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) to analyze the data 
collected by each of the grantees funded under this section.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out activities under this section--
            (1) $5,000,000, over a 2-year period, to carry out the 
        demonstration program under subsection (a); and
            (2) $500,000 to carry out the evaluation under subsection 
        (c).

SEC. 1008. BEST PRACTICES DEVELOPMENT GRANTS.

    (a) Grant Authorization.--The Attorney General, through the Bureau 
of Justice Assistance, may make grants to States, local law enforcement 
agencies, and units of local government to develop and implement best 
practice devices and systems to eliminate racial profiling.
    (b) Use of Funds.--The funds provided under subsection (a) shall be 
used for programs that include the following purposes:
            (1) The development and implementation of training to 
        prevent racial profiling and to encourage more respectful 
        interaction with the public.
            (2) The acquisition and use of technology to facilitate the 
        accurate collection and analysis of data.
            (3) The development and acquisition of feedback systems and 
        technologies that identify officers or units of officers 
        engaged in, or at risk of engaging in, racial profiling or 
        other misconduct.
            (4) The establishment and maintenance of an administrative 
        complaint procedure or independent auditor program.
    (c) Equitable Distribution.--The Attorney General shall ensure that 
grants under this section are awarded in a manner that reserves an 
equitable share of funding for small and rural law enforcement 
agencies.
    (d) Application.--Each State, local law enforcement agency, or unit 
of local government desiring a grant under this section shall submit an 
application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and 
accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably 
require.

SEC. 1009. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary 
to carry out this title.

SEC. 1010. ATTORNEY GENERAL TO ISSUE REGULATIONS.

    (a) Regulations.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with 
stakeholders, including Federal, State, and local law enforcement 
agencies and community, professional, research, and civil rights 
organizations, shall issue regulations for the collection and 
compilation of data under sections 201 and 301.
    (b) Requirements.--The regulations issued under subsection (a) 
shall--
            (1) provide for the collection of data on all routine or 
        spontaneous investigatory activities;
            (2) provide that the data collected shall--
                    (A) be collected by race, ethnicity, national 
                origin, gender, and religion, as perceived by the law 
                enforcement officer;
                    (B) include the date, time, and location of such 
                investigatory activities;
                    (C) include detail sufficient to permit an analysis 
                of whether a law enforcement agency is engaging in 
                racial profiling; and
                    (D) not include personally identifiable 
                information;
            (3) provide that a standardized form shall be made 
        available to law enforcement agencies for the submission of 
        collected data to the Department of Justice;
            (4) provide that law enforcement agencies shall compile 
        data on the standardized form made available under paragraph 
        (3), and submit the form to the Civil Rights Division and the 
        Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics;
            (5) provide that law enforcement agencies shall maintain 
        all data collected under this Act for not less than 4 years;
            (6) include guidelines for setting comparative benchmarks, 
        consistent with best practices, against which collected data 
        shall be measured;
            (7) provide that the Department of Justice Bureau of 
        Justice Statistics shall--
                    (A) analyze the data for any statistically 
                significant disparities, including--
                            (i) disparities in the percentage of 
                        drivers or pedestrians stopped relative to the 
                        proportion of the population passing through 
                        the neighborhood;
                            (ii) disparities in the hit rate; and
                            (iii) disparities in the frequency of 
                        searches performed on racial or ethnic minority 
                        drivers and the frequency of searches performed 
                        on non-minority drivers; and
                    (B) not later than 3 years after the date of 
                enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter--
                            (i) prepare a report regarding the findings 
                        of the analysis conducted under subparagraph 
                        (A);
                            (ii) provide such report to Congress; and
                            (iii) make such report available to the 
                        public, including on a website of the 
                        Department of Justice; and
            (8) protect the privacy of individuals whose data is 
        collected by--
                    (A) limiting the use of the data collected under 
                this Act to the purposes set forth in this Act;
                    (B) except as otherwise provided in this Act, 
                limiting access to the data collected under this Act to 
                those Federal, State, local, or tribal employees or 
                agents who require such access in order to fulfill the 
                purposes for the data set forth in this Act;
                    (C) requiring contractors or other non-governmental 
                agents who are permitted access to the data collected 
                under this Act to sign use agreements incorporating the 
                use and disclosure restrictions set forth in 
                subparagraph (A); and
                    (D) requiring the maintenance of adequate security 
                measures to prevent unauthorized access to the data 
                collected under this Act.
    [(c) Whenever a State government or unit of local government, or 
any officer or employee thereof acting in an official capacity, has 
engaged or is engaging in any act or practice prohibited by this 
section, a civil action may be instituted after exhaustion of 
administrative remedies by the person aggrieved in an appropriate 
United States district court or in a State court of general 
jurisdiction. Administrative remedies shall be deemed to be exhausted 
upon the expiration of sixty days after the date the administrative 
complaint was filed with the Office of Justice Programs or any other 
administrative enforcement agency, unless within such period there has 
been a determination by the Office of Justice Programs or the agency on 
the merits of the complaint, in which case such remedies shall be 
deemed exhausted at the time the determination becomes final.]
    [(d) In any civil action brought by a private person to enforce 
compliance with any provision of this subsection, the court may grant 
to a prevailing plaintiff reasonable attorney fees, unless the court 
determines that the lawsuit is frivolous, vexatious, brought for 
harassment purposes, or brought principally for the purpose of gaining 
attorney fees.]
    [(e) In any action instituted under this section to enforce 
compliance with paragraph (1), the Attorney General, or a specially 
designated assistant for or in the name of the United States, may 
intervene upon timely application if he certifies that the action is of 
general public importance. In such action the United States shall be 
entitled to the same relief as if it had instituted the action.]

SEC. 1011. PUBLICATION OF DATA.

    The Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics shall 
provide to Congress and make available to the public, together with 
each annual report described in section 401, the data collected 
pursuant to this Act, excluding any personally identifiable information 
described in section 403.

SEC. 1012. LIMITATIONS ON PUBLICATION OF DATA.

    The name or identifying information of a law enforcement officer, 
complainant, or any other individual involved in any activity for which 
data is collected and compiled under this Act shall not be--
            (1) released to the public;
            (2) disclosed to any person, except for--
                    (A) such disclosures as are necessary to comply 
                with this Act;
                    (B) disclosures of information regarding a 
                particular person to that person; or
                    (C) disclosures pursuant to litigation; or
            (3) subject to disclosure under section 552 of title 5, 
        United States Code (commonly known as the Freedom of 
        Information Act), except for disclosures of information 
        regarding a particular person to that person.

SEC. 1013. ATTORNEY GENERAL TO ISSUE REGULATIONS AND REPORTS.

    (a) Regulations.--In addition to the regulations required under 
sections 303 and 401, the Attorney General shall issue such other 
regulations as the Attorney General determines are necessary to 
implement this Act.
    (b) Reports.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Attorney 
        General shall submit to Congress a report on racial profiling 
        by law enforcement agencies.
            (2) Scope.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) a summary of data collected under sections 
                201(b)(3) and 301(b)(3) and from any other reliable 
                source of information regarding racial profiling in the 
                United States;
                    (B) a discussion of the findings in the most recent 
                report prepared by the Department of Justice Bureau of 
                Justice Statistics under section 401(b)(7);
                    (C) the status of the adoption and implementation 
                of policies and procedures by Federal law enforcement 
                agencies under section 201 and by the State and local 
                law enforcement agencies under sections 301 and 302; 
                and
                    (D) a description of any other policies and 
                procedures that the Attorney General believes would 
                facilitate the elimination of racial profiling.
    [(c) Whenever a State government or unit of local government, or 
any officer or employee thereof acting in an official capacity, has 
engaged or is engaging in any act or practice prohibited by this 
section, a civil action may be instituted after exhaustion of 
administrative remedies by the person aggrieved in an appropriate 
United States district court or in a State court of general 
jurisdiction. Administrative remedies shall be deemed to be exhausted 
upon the expiration of sixty days after the date the administrative 
complaint was filed with the Office of Justice Programs or any other 
administrative enforcement agency, unless within such period there has 
been a determination by the Office of Justice Programs or the agency on 
the merits of the complaint, in which case such remedies shall be 
deemed exhausted at the time the determination becomes final.]
    [(d) In any civil action brought by a private person to enforce 
compliance with any provision of this subsection, the court may grant 
to a prevailing plaintiff reasonable attorney fees, unless the court 
determines that the lawsuit is frivolous, vexatious, brought for 
harassment purposes, or brought principally for the purpose of gaining 
attorney fees.]
    [(e) In any action instituted under this section to enforce 
compliance with paragraph (1), the Attorney General, or a specially 
designated assistant for or in the name of the United States, may 
intervene upon timely application if he certifies that the action is of 
general public importance. In such action the United States shall be 
entitled to the same relief as if it had instituted the action.]

SEC. 1014. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act, or the application of such a 
provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be 
unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and the application of the 
remaining provisions of this Act to any person or circumstance shall 
not be affected thereby.

SEC. 1015. SAVINGS CLAUSE.

    Nothing in this Act shall be construed--
            (1) to limit legal or administrative remedies under section 
        1979 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (42 U.S.C. 
        1983), section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law 
        Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14141), the Omnibus Crime 
        Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), 
        or title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et 
        seq.);
            (2) to affect any Federal, State, or tribal law that 
        applies to an Indian tribe because of the political status of 
        the tribe; or
            (3) to waive the sovereign immunity of an Indian tribe 
        without the consent of the tribe.

SEC. 1016. BODY-WORN CAMERA GRANTS.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

                   ``PART MM--BODY-WORN CAMERA GRANTS

``SEC. 3031. IN GENERAL.

    ``From amounts made available to carry out this part, the Director 
of the Bureau of Justice Assistance may make grants to States, units of 
local government, and Indian tribes for the acquisition, operation, and 
maintenance of body-worn cameras for law enforcement officers. In 
making such grants, the Director shall assess the program proposed by 
the applicant for the elements described in section 3033.

``SEC. 3032. USES OF FUNDS.

    ``Grants awarded under this section shall be--
            ``(1) distributed directly to the State, unit of local 
        government, or Indian tribe; and
            ``(2) used for the program described under section 3033.

``SEC. 3033. PROGRAM DESCRIBED.

    ``The program described in this section is any program implemented 
by a grantee requiring the use of body-worn cameras by law enforcement 
officers in that jurisdiction, which--
            ``(1) establishes policies and procedures for when law 
        enforcement officers should wear, activate, and deactivate 
        body-worn cameras;
            ``(2) ensures the protection of the civil liberties of 
        members of general public relating to the use of body-worn 
        cameras by law enforcement officers;
            ``(3) establishes policies limiting the use of recordings 
        of body-worn cameras to monitor the conduct of law enforcement 
        officers outside of their interactions, in an official 
        capacity, with members of the general public;
            ``(4) establishes or proposes to develop standards relating 
        to the effective placement, on a law enforcement officer's 
        body, of a body-worn camera;
            ``(5) describes the best practices for receiving an 
        accurate narrative from the recordings of body-worn cameras;
            ``(6) establishes policies for the collection and storage 
        of the recordings of body-worn cameras;
            ``(7) establishes policies relating to the availability of 
        recordings of body-worn cameras--
                    ``(A) to the general public;
                    ``(B) to victims of crimes; and
                    ``(C) for internal use by the law enforcement 
                agency; and
            ``(8) has in place guidelines and training courses for law 
        enforcement officers relating to the proper management and use 
        of body-worn cameras.

``SEC. 3034. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.

    ``Funds available under this part shall be awarded to each 
qualifying unit of local government with fewer than 100,000 residents. 
Any remaining funds available under this part shall be awarded to other 
qualifying applicants on a pro rata basis.

``SEC. 3035. MATCHING REQUIREMENTS.

    ``(a) Federal Share.--The portion of the costs of a program 
provided by a grant under subsection (a) may not exceed 50 percent. Any 
funds appropriated by Congress for the activities of any agency of an 
Indian tribal government or the Bureau of Indian Affairs performing law 
enforcement functions on any Indian lands may be used to provide the 
non-Federal share of a matching requirement funded under this 
subsection.
    ``(b) Non-Federal Share.--The non-Federal share of payments made 
under this part may be made in cash or in-kind fairly evaluated, 
including planned equipment or services.''.

SEC. 1017. STUDY ON THE COST OF THE PURCHASE AND USE OF BODY-WORN 
              CAMERAS BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES.

    (a) Study.--The Attorney General shall conduct a study on the cost 
to State and local law enforcement agencies of purchasing and using 
body-worn cameras or other similar cameras, including gun-mounted 
cameras.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a 
report that contains the results of the study conducted under 
subsection (a).

SEC. 1018. ESTABLISHMENT OF TASK FORCE ON COMMUNITY POLICING AND BODY 
              CAMERA ACCOUNTABILITY.

    There shall be established in the Department of Justice a task 
force to do the following:
            (1) The task force shall be created to provide 
        recommendations on community policing, including best practices 
        for creating accountability and transparency.
            (2) Not later than one year after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, the task force shall provide a report to the 
        Congress, which shall include the recommendations under 
        paragraph (1).
            (3) Membership shall include representatives of civil 
        rights organizations, Federal, State, and local law enforcement 
        personnel, and community policing experts.
            (4) The task force shall develop proper body-worn camera 
        training protocol.
            (5) The task force shall study the impact that citizen 
        review boards could have on investigating cases of alleged 
        police misconduct.
            (6) Not later than 1 year after implementation of the body 
        camera requirement policy under section 3033 of title I of the 
        Omnibus Crime Control Act of 1968, the task force shall conduct 
        a survey to determine best practices and effectiveness of the 
        policy with findings to be reported back to the Congress.

SEC. 1019. GAO REPORT ON PENTAGON'S 1033 PROGRAM.

    Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Congress a 
report on the Department of Defense Excess Personal Property Program 
established pursuant to section 1033 the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104-201), that includes 
information on--
            (1) which jurisdictions equipment is sent to;
            (2) the value of equipment sent to each jurisdiction;
            (3) the level of training provided to officers; and
            (4) how the equipment is used in the jurisdiction.

SEC. 1020. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Body cameras employed in police actions have led to 
        increases in public trust and decreases in police violence.
            (2) Employing body cameras in police actions makes 
        enforcement actions safer for law enforcement officers and 
        members of the general public alike while restoring trust and 
        accountability in the process.

SEC. 1021. USE OF BODY CAMERAS BY CERTAIN ICE OFFICERS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement (ICE) shall ensure that all deportation officers of 
Enforcement and Removal Operations of ICE wear body cameras when such 
officers are engaged in field operations or removal proceedings.
    (b) Implementation.--To carry out subsection (a), the Director of 
ICE shall, not later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of 
this Act--
            (1) establish policies and procedures for when deportation 
        officers of Enforcement and Removal Operations of ICE should 
        wear, activate, and deactivate body cameras;
            (2) develop standards for the effective placement of such 
        cameras;
            (3) publish and implement best practices for receiving and 
        storing accurate recordings from such cameras;
            (4) establish guidelines and training for such officers on 
        the proper management and use of such cameras; and
            (5) establish policies for the availability of such 
        recordings to the subjects of removal proceedings, victims of 
        crime, internal use by law enforcement officials, and the 
        general public.

SEC. 1022. RECORDINGS TO BE PROVIDED TO CERTAIN PERSONS.

    A recording made by a body camera worn by a deportation officer 
during an enforcement action shall be provided, in the case of any 
administrative proceeding (including a removal proceeding), civil 
action, or criminal prosecution to which such recording pertains, to 
each party to the proceeding, action, or prosecution.

SEC. 1023. WITHHOLDING OF CERTAIN FUNDS.

    Any funds necessary to purchase, store, use, or maintain body 
cameras described in this Act shall be derived from funds made 
available to purchase new weapons for ICE officials.

SEC. 1024. ACCREDITATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES.

    (a) Standards.--
            (1) Initial analysis.--The Attorney General shall perform 
        an initial analysis of existing accreditation standards and 
        methodology developed by law enforcement accreditation 
        organizations nationwide, including national, State, regional, 
        and tribal accreditation organizations.
            (2) In general.--The Attorney General shall recommend 
        additional areas for the development of national standards for 
        the accreditation of law enforcement agencies in consultation 
        with existing law enforcement accreditation organizations, 
        professional law enforcement associations, labor organizations, 
        community-based organizations, and professional civilian 
        oversight organizations.
            (3) Development of uniform standards.--After completion of 
        the initial review and analysis under paragraph (2), the 
        Attorney General shall recommend, in consultation with such 
        organizations, the adoption of additional standards that will 
        result in greater community accountability of law enforcement 
        agencies and an increased focus on policing with a guardian 
        mentality, including standards relating to early warning 
        systems and related intervention programs, use of force 
        procedures, civilian review procedures, traffic and pedestrian 
        stop and search procedures, data collection and transparency, 
        administrative due process requirements, video monitoring 
        technology, juvenile justice and school safety, and training.
            (4) Continuing accreditation process.--The Attorney General 
        shall adopt policies and procedures to partner with law 
        enforcement accreditation organizations, professional law 
        enforcement associations, labor organizations, community-based 
        organizations, and professional civilian oversight 
        organizations to continue the development of further 
        accreditation standards consistent with paragraph (2) and to 
        encourage the pursuit of accreditation of Federal, State, 
        local, and tribal law enforcement agencies by certified law 
        enforcement accreditation organizations.
    (b) Accreditation Grants.--The Attorney General may make funds 
available to State, local, tribal law enforcement agencies, and campus 
public safety departments under this title to assist in gaining or 
maintaining accreditation from certified law enforcement accreditation 
organizations.

SEC. 1025. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) The term ``law enforcement accreditation organization'' 
        means a professional law enforcement organization involved in 
        the development of standards of accreditation for law 
        enforcement agencies at the national, State, regional, or 
        tribal level (such as the Commission on Accreditation for Law 
        Enforcement Agencies (CALEA)).
            (2) The term ``law enforcement agency'' means a State, 
        local, Indian tribal, or campus public agency engaged in the 
        prevention, detection, or investigation, prosecution, or 
        adjudication of violations of criminal laws.
            (3) The term ``community-based organization'' means a 
        grassroots organization that monitors the issue of police 
        misconduct and that has a national presence and membership 
        (such as the National Association for the Advancement of 
        Colored People (NAACP), the American Civil Liberties Union 
        (ACLU), the National Council of La Raza, the National Urban 
        League, the National Congress of American Indians, and the 
        National Asian Pacific American Legal Consortium (NAPALC)).
            (4) The term ``professional law enforcement association'' 
        means a law enforcement membership association that works for 
        the needs of Federal, State, local, or Indian tribal law 
        enforcement groups and with the civilian community on matters 
        of common interest (such as the Hispanic American Police 
        Command Officers Association (HAPCOA), National Asian Pacific 
        Officers Association (NAPOA), National Black Police Association 
        (NBPA), National Latino Peace Officers Association (NLPOA), 
        National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives 
        (NOBLE), Women in Law Enforcement, Native American Law 
        Enforcement Association (NALEA), International Association of 
        Chiefs of Police (IACP), National Sheriffs' Association (NSA), 
        Fraternal Order of Police (FOP), and National Association of 
        School Resource Officers).
            (5) The term ``professional civilian oversight 
        organization'' means a membership organization formed to 
        address and advance the cause of civilian oversight of law 
        enforcement and whose members are from Federal, State, 
        regional, local, or tribal organizations that review issues or 
        complaints against law enforcement entities or individuals 
        (such as the National Association for Civilian Oversight of Law 
        Enforcement (NACOLE)).

SEC. 1026. LAW ENFORCEMENT GRANTS.

    (a) Grant Authorization.--The Attorney General may make grants to 
States, units of local government, Indian tribal governments, or other 
public and private entities, or to any multijurisdictional or regional 
consortia of such entities, to study and implement effective 
management, training, recruiting, hiring, and oversight standards and 
programs to promote effective community and problem solving strategies 
for law enforcement agencies.
    (b) Project Grants To Study Law Enforcement Agency Management.--
Grants made under subsection (a) shall be used for the study of 
management and operations standards for law enforcement agencies, 
including standards relating to administrative due process, residency 
requirements, compensation and benefits, use of force, racial 
profiling, early warning systems, juvenile justice, school safety, 
civilian review boards or analogous procedures, or research into the 
effectiveness of existing programs, projects, or other activities 
designed to address misconduct by law enforcement officers.
    (c) Project Grants To Develop Pilot Programs.--Grants made under 
subsection (a) shall also be used to develop pilot programs and 
implement effective standards and programs in the areas of training, 
hiring and recruitment, and oversight that are designed to improve 
management and address misconduct by law enforcement officers. These 
programs shall include the following characteristics:
            (1) Training.--Law enforcement policies, practices, and 
        procedures addressing training and instruction to comply with 
        accreditation standards in the areas of--
                    (A) the use of lethal, nonlethal force, and de-
                escalation;
                    (B) investigation of misconduct and practices and 
                procedures for referral to prosecuting authorities use 
                of deadly force or racial profiling;
                    (C) disproportionate minority contact by law 
                enforcement;
                    (D) tactical and defensive strategy;
                    (E) arrests, searches, and restraint;
                    (F) professional verbal communications with 
                civilians;
                    (G) interactions with youth, the mentally ill, and 
                limited English proficiency, multi-cultural 
                communities;
                    (H) proper traffic, pedestrian, and other 
                enforcement stops; and
                    (I) community relations and bias awareness.
            (2) Recruitment, hiring, retention, and promotion of 
        diverse law enforcement officers.--Policies, procedures, and 
        practices for--
                    (A) the hiring and recruitment of diverse law 
                enforcement officers representative of the communities 
                they serve;
                    (B) the development of selection, promotion, 
                educational, background, and psychological standards 
                that comport with title VII of the Civil Rights Act (42 
                U.S.C. 2000e et seq.); and
                    (C) initiatives to encourage residency in the 
                jurisdiction served by the law enforcement agency and 
                continuing education.
            (3) Oversight.--Complaint procedures, including the 
        establishment of civilian review boards or analogous procedures 
        for jurisdictions across a range of sizes and agency 
        configurations, complaint procedures by community-based 
        organizations, early warning systems and related intervention 
        programs, video monitoring technology, data collection and 
        transparency, and administrative due process requirements 
        inherent to complaint procedures for members of the public and 
        law enforcement.
            (4) Juvenile justice and school safety.--The development of 
        uniform standards on juvenile justice and school safety, 
        including standards relating to interaction and communication 
        with juveniles, physical contact, use of lethal and nonlethal 
        force, notification of a parent or guardian, interviews and 
        questioning, custodial interrogation, audio and video 
        recording, conditions of custody, alternatives to arrest, 
        referral to child protection agencies, and removal from school 
        grounds or campus.
            (5) Victim services.--Counseling services, including 
        psychological counseling, for individuals and communities 
        impacted by law enforcement misconduct.
    (d) Amounts.--Of the amounts appropriated for the purposes of this 
title--
            (1) 4 percent shall be available for grants to Indian 
        tribal governments;
            (2) 20 percent shall be available for grants to community-
        based organizations;
            (3) 10 percent shall be available for grants to 
        professional law enforcement associations; and
            (4) the remaining funds shall be available for grants to 
        applicants in each State in an amount that bears the same ratio 
        to the amount of remaining funds as the population of the State 
        bears to the population of all of the States.
    (e) Technical Assistance.--
            (1) The Attorney General may provide technical assistance 
        to States, units of local government, Indian tribal 
        governments, and to other public and private entities, in 
        furtherance of the purposes of this section.
            (2) The technical assistance provided by the Attorney 
        General may include the development of models for State, local, 
        and Indian tribal governments, and other public and private 
        entities, to reduce law enforcement misconduct. Any development 
        of such models shall be in consultation with community-based 
        organizations.
    (f) Use of Components.--The Attorney General may use any component 
or components of the Department of Justice in carrying out this title.
    (g) Matching Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Except in the case of an Indian tribal 
        government or nonprofit community-based organization, the 
        portion of the costs of a program, project, or activity 
        provided by a grant under subsection (a) may not exceed 75 
        percent.
            (2) Waivers.--The Attorney General may waive, wholly or in 
        part, the requirement under paragraph (1) of a non-Federal 
        contribution to the costs of a program, project, or activity.
    (h) Applications.--
            (1) Application.--An application for a grant under this 
        title shall be submitted in such form, and contain such 
        information, as the Attorney General may prescribe by 
        guidelines.
            (2) Priority.--For law enforcement agency applications, 
        priority shall be given to applicants seeking or having been 
        awarded accreditation from national law enforcement 
        accreditation organizations as defined in section 102.
            (3) Approval.--A grant may not be made under this title 
        unless an application has been submitted to, and approved by, 
        the Attorney General.
    (i) Performance Evaluation.--
            (1) Monitoring components.--Each program, project, or 
        activity funded under this title shall contain a monitoring 
        component, which shall be developed pursuant to guidelines 
        established by the Attorney General. Such monitoring component 
        shall include systematic identification and collection of data 
        about activities, accomplishments, and programs throughout the 
        life of the program, project, or activity and presentation of 
        such data in a usable form.
            (2) Evaluation components.--Selected grant recipients shall 
        be evaluated on the local level or as part of a national 
        evaluation, pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney 
        General. Such evaluations may include independent audits of 
        police behavior and other assessments of individual program 
        implementations. In selected jurisdictions that are able to 
        support outcome evaluations, the effectiveness of funded 
        programs, projects, and activities may be required.
            (3) Periodic review and reports.--The Attorney General may 
        require a grant recipient to submit biannually to the Attorney 
        General the results of the monitoring and evaluations required 
        under paragraphs (1) and (2) and such other data and 
        information as the Attorney General deems reasonably necessary.
    (j) Revocation or Suspension of Funding.--If the Attorney General 
determines, as a result of monitoring under subsection (i) or 
otherwise, that a grant recipient under this title is not in 
substantial compliance with the terms and requirements of the approved 
grant application submitted under subsection (h), the Attorney General 
may revoke or suspend funding of that grant, in whole or in part.
    (k) Definitions.--In this title:
            (1) The terms ``law enforcement accreditation 
        organization'', ``law enforcement agency'', ``community-based 
        organization'', and ``professional law enforcement 
        association'' have the meaning given such terms in section 102 
        of this Act.
            (2) The term ``private entity'' means a private security 
        organization engaged in the prevention, detection, or 
        investigation of violations of criminal laws and/or 
        organizational policy (such as privately operated campus public 
        safety units or department store security).
            (3) The term ``civilian review board'' means an 
        administrative entity that--
                    (A) is independent and adequately funded;
                    (B) has investigatory authority and staff subpoena 
                power;
                    (C) has representative community diversity;
                    (D) has policymaking authority;
                    (E) provides advocates for civilian complainants;
                    (F) has mandatory police power to conduct hearings; 
                and
                    (G) conducts statistical studies on prevailing 
                complaint trends.

SEC. 1027. ATTORNEY GENERAL TO CONDUCT STUDY.

    (a) Study.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General shall conduct a 
        nationwide study of the prevalence and effect of any law, rule, 
        or procedure that allows a law enforcement officer to delay the 
        response to questions posed by a local internal affairs 
        officer, or review board on the investigative integrity and 
        prosecution of law enforcement misconduct, including 
        preinterview warnings and termination policies.
            (2) Initial analysis.--The Attorney General shall perform 
        an initial analysis of existing State statutes to determine 
        whether, at a threshold level, the effect of this type of rule 
        or procedure raises material investigatory issues that could 
        impair or hinder a prompt and thorough investigation of 
        possible misconduct, including criminal conduct, that would 
        justify a wider inquiry.
            (3) Data collection.--After completion of the initial 
        analysis under paragraph (2), and considering material 
        investigatory issues, the Attorney General shall gather 
        additional data nationwide on similar rules from a 
        representative and statistically significant sample of 
        jurisdictions, to determine whether such rules and procedures 
        raise such material investigatory issues.
    (b) Reporting.--
            (1) Initial analysis.--Not later than 120 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this title, the Attorney General shall 
        submit to Congress a report containing the results of its 
        initial analysis, make such report available to the public, and 
        identify the jurisdictions for which the study is to be 
        conducted.
            (2) Data collected.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
        of the enactment of this title, the Attorney General shall 
        submit to Congress a report containing the results of the data 
        collected under this title and cause a copy of such report to 
        be published in the Federal Register.

SEC. 1028. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2016, in 
addition to any other sums authorized to be appropriated for this 
purpose, $5,000,000 for additional expenses related to the enforcement 
of section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act 
of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14141), criminal enforcement (18 U.S.C. 241 and 
242), and administrative enforcement by the Department of Justice, and 
$3,300,000 for additional expenses related to conflict resolution by 
the Department of Justice's Community Relations Service.

SEC. 1029. NATIONAL TASK FORCE ON LAW ENFORCEMENT OVERSIGHT.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established within the Department of 
Justice a task force to be known as the Task Force on Law Enforcement 
Oversight (hereinafter in this title referred to as the ``Task 
Force'').
    (b) Composition.--The Task Force shall be composed of individuals 
appointed by the Attorney General, who shall appoint at least 1 
individual from each of the following:
            (1) the Special Litigation Section of the Civil Rights 
        Division;
            (2) the Criminal Section of the Civil Rights Division;
            (3) the Federal Coordination and Compliance Section of the 
        Civil Rights Division;
            (4) the Employment Litigation Section of the Civil Rights 
        Division;
            (5) the Disability Rights Section of the Civil Rights 
        Division;
            (6) the Office of Justice Programs;
            (7) the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services 
        (COPS);
            (8) the Corruption/Civil Rights Section of the Federal 
        Bureau of Investigation;
            (9) the Community Relations Service;
            (10) Office of Tribal Justice; and
            (11) the unit within the Department of Justice assigned as 
        a liaison for civilian review boards.
    (c) Powers and Duties.--The Task Force shall consult with 
professional law enforcement associations (as defined in section 102), 
labor organizations, and community-based organizations (as defined in 
section 102) to coordinate the process of the detection and referral of 
complaints regarding incidents of alleged law enforcement misconduct.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $5,000,000 for each fiscal year to carry out this section.

SEC. 1030. FEDERAL DATA COLLECTION ON LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICES.

    (a) Agencies To Report.--Each Federal and State and local law 
enforcement agency shall report data of the practices of that agency to 
the Attorney General.
    (b) Breakdown of Information by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender.--For 
each practice enumerated in subsection (c), the reporting law 
enforcement agency shall provide a breakdown of the numbers of 
incidents of that practice by race, ethnicity, age, and gender of the 
officers and employees of the agency and of members of the public 
involved in the practice.
    (c) Practices To Be Reported on.--The practices to be reported on 
are the following:
            (1) Traffic violation stops.
            (2) Pedestrian stops.
            (3) Frisk and body searches.
            (4) Instances where officers or employees of the law 
        enforcement agency used deadly force, including--
                    (A) a description of when and where deadly force 
                was used, and whether it resulted in death;
                    (B) a description of deadly force directed against 
                an officer or employee and whether it resulted in 
                injury or death; and
                    (C) the law enforcement agency's justification for 
                use of deadly force, if the agency determines it was 
                justified.
    (d) Retention of Data.--Each law enforcement agency required to 
report data under this section shall maintain records relating to any 
matter so reportable for not less than 4 years after those records are 
created.
    (e) Penalty for States Failing To Report as Required.--
            (1) In general.--For any fiscal year, a State shall not 
        receive any amount that would otherwise be allocated to that 
        State under section 505(a) of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
        Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3755(a)), or any amount 
        from any other law enforcement assistance program of the 
        Department of Justice, unless the State has ensured, to the 
        satisfaction of the Attorney General, that each State and local 
        law enforcement agency is in substantial compliance with the 
        requirements of this section.
            (2) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated by reason of this 
        subsection shall be reallocated to States not disqualified by 
        failure to comply with this section.
    (f) Regulations.--The Attorney General shall prescribe regulations 
to carry out this section.

SEC. 1031. MEDALLIONS FOR FALLEN LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS.

    (a) In General.--The Attorney General, in consultation with the 
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, shall create and 
provide a distinctive medallion to be issued to the survivors of law 
enforcement officers--
            (1) killed in the line of duty; and
            (2) memorialized on the wall of the National Law 
        Enforcement Officers Memorial.
    (b) Distribution of Medallions.--The Attorney General shall make 
arrangements with the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund 
to distribute the medallions to appropriate survivors of each law 
enforcement officer memorialized on the wall of the National Law 
Enforcement Officers Memorial.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary.

SEC. 1032. TRAINING ON DE-ESCALATION FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Training Requirement.--For each fiscal year after the 
expiration of the period specified in subsection (d) in which a State 
or unit of local government receives a grant under part E of title I of 
the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 
et seq.), the State or unit of local government shall require that all 
individuals enrolled in an academy of a law enforcement agency of the 
State or unit of local government and all law enforcement officers of 
the State or unit of local government fulfill a training session on de-
escalation techniques each fiscal year, including--
            (1) the use of alternative non-lethal methods of applying 
        force and techniques that prevent the officer from escalating 
        any situation where force is likely to be used;
            (2) verbal and physical tactics to minimize the need for 
        the use of force, with an emphasis on communication, 
        negotiation, de-escalation techniques, providing the time 
        needed to resolve the incident safely for everyone;
            (3) the use of the lowest level of force that is a possible 
        and safe response to an identified threat, then re-evaluating 
        the threat as it progresses;
            (4) techniques that provide all officers with awareness and 
        recognition of mental health and substance abuse issues with an 
        emphasis on communication strategies, training officers 
        simultaneously in teams on de-escalation and use of force to 
        improve group dynamics and diminish excessive use of force 
        during critical incidents;
            (5) principles of using distance, cover, and time when 
        approaching and managing critical incidents, and elimination of 
        the use of concepts like the ``21-foot rule'' and ``drawing a 
        line in the sand'' in favor of using distance and cover to 
        create a ``reaction gap'';
            (6) crisis intervention strategies to appropriately 
        identify and respond to individuals suffering from mental 
        health or substance abuse issues, with an emphasis on de-
        escalation tactics and promoting effective communication; and
            (7) other evidence-based approaches, found to be 
        appropriate by the Attorney General, that enhance de-escalation 
        skills and tactics, such as the Critical Decision-Making Model 
        and scenario-based trainings.
In the case of individuals attending an academy, such training session 
shall be for such an appropriate amount of time as to ensure academy 
participants receive effective training under this subsection and in 
the case of all other law enforcement officers, the training session 
shall be for an appropriate amount of time as to ensure officers 
receive effective training under this subsection. The State or unit of 
local government shall certify to the Attorney General of the United 
States that such training sessions have been completed.
    (b) Scenario-Based Training.--Training described in subsection (a) 
shall be conducted with an emphasis on training that employs theories 
of de-escalation techniques and applies them to practical on-the-job 
scenarios that regularly face law enforcement officers.
    (c) Cross-Training.--To the extent practicable, principles of 
training as described in subsection (a) shall be applied to other 
training conducted at the academy.
    (d) Compliance and Ineligibility.--
            (1) Compliance date.--Beginning not later than 1 year after 
        the date of this Act, each State or unit of local government 
        receiving a grant shall comply with subsection (a), except that 
        the Attorney General may grant an additional 6 months to a 
        State or unit of local government that is making good faith 
        efforts to comply with such subsection.
            (2) Ineligibility for funds.--For any fiscal year after the 
        expiration of the period specified in paragraph (1), a State or 
        unit of local government that fails to comply with subsection 
        (a), shall, at the discretion of the Attorney General, be 
        subject to not more than a 20-percent reduction of the funds 
        that would otherwise be allocated for that fiscal year to the 
        State or unit of local government under subpart 1 of part E of 
        title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
        1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.), whether characterized as the 
        Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement 
        Assistance Programs, the Local Government Law Enforcement Block 
        Grants Program, the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance 
        Grant Program, or otherwise.
    (e) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated under a program referred 
to in subsection (b)(2) to a State or unit of local government for 
failure to fully comply with subsection (a) shall be reallocated under 
that program to States and units of local government that have not 
failed to comply with such subsection.
    (f) Evidence-Based Practices.--For purposes of subsection (a)(4), 
the Attorney General shall maintain a list of evidence-based practices 
it determines is successful in enhancing de-escalation skills of law 
enforcement officers. The Attorney General shall regularly update this 
list as needed and shall publish the list to the public on a yearly 
basis.

SEC. 1033. DATA COLLECTION.

    The Attorney General shall collect data on efforts undertaken by 
Federal fund recipients to enhance de-escalation training for law 
enforcement officers.

SEC. 1034. AFFIRMATIVE DUTY TO USE DE-ESCALATION TACTICS WHEN 
              AVAILABLE.

    (a) In General.--In the case of a State or unit of local government 
that received a grant award under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et 
seq.), if that State or unit of local government fails by the end of a 
fiscal year to enact or have in effect laws, policies, or procedures 
that sets forth an affirmative duty on a law enforcement officer of 
that State or unit of local government, whenever possible, to employ 
de-escalation techniques in which the officer has received training 
required under section 2(a), the Attorney General shall reduce the 
amount that would otherwise be awarded to that State or unit of local 
government under such grant program in the following fiscal year by 15 
percent.
    (b) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated under a program referred 
to in subsection (a) to a State or unit of local government for failure 
to be in compliance with this section shall be reallocated under that 
program to States and units of local government that are in compliance 
with this section.

SEC. 1035. ATTORNEY GENERAL GUIDANCE.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Attorney General shall issue guidance, for the benefit of States 
and units of local government, on compliance with the requirements of 
this Act.

SEC. 1036. IN GENERAL.

    (a) Training Requirement.--For each fiscal year after the 
expiration of the period specified in subsection (b) in which a State 
receives funds for a program referred to in subsection (c)(2), the 
State shall require that all individuals enrolled in an academy of a 
law enforcement agency of the State and all law enforcement officers of 
the State fulfill a training session on sensitivity each fiscal year, 
including training on ethnic and racial bias, cultural diversity, and 
police interaction with the disabled, mentally ill, and new immigrants. 
In the case of individuals attending an academy, such training session 
shall be for 8 hours, and in the case of all other law enforcement 
officers, the training session shall be for 4 hours.
    (b) Compliance and Ineligibility.--
            (1) Compliance date.--Each State shall have not more than 
        120 days, beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, to 
        comply with subsection (a), except that--
                    (A) the Attorney General may grant an additional 
                120 days to a State that is making good faith efforts 
                to comply with such subsection; and
                    (B) the Attorney General shall waive the 
                requirements of subsection (a) if compliance with such 
                subsection by a State would be unconstitutional under 
                the constitution of such State.
            (2) Ineligibility for funds.--For any fiscal year after the 
        expiration of the period specified in paragraph (1), a State 
        that fails to comply with subsection (a), shall, at the 
        discretion of the Attorney General, be subject to not more than 
        a 20-percent reduction of the funds that would otherwise be 
        allocated for that fiscal year to the State under subpart 1 of 
        part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets 
        Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.), whether characterized as 
        the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement 
        Assistance Programs, the Local Government Law Enforcement Block 
        Grants Program, the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance 
        Grant Program, or otherwise.
    (c) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated under a program referred 
to in subsection (b)(2) to a State for failure to fully comply with 
subsection (a) shall be reallocated under that program to States that 
have not failed to comply with such subsection.

SEC. 1037. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) According to the Equal Employment Opportunity 
        Commission (EEOC) and the Census Bureau, which together provide 
        detail on the racial composition of government workers in large 
        American cities, in about two-thirds of the United States 
        cities with the largest police forces, the majority of police 
        officers commute to work from outside the city in which they 
        work.
            (2) When officers live in the cities in which they work, it 
        may reduce the carbon footprint by employees in their journey 
        to work, foster more employee concern in the affairs of their 
        city, ensure manpower will be available in case of emergencies, 
        generate additional tax revenue for the city, and cut down on 
        absenteeism and tardiness.
            (3) According to the President's Task Force on 21st Century 
        Policing, recommendation 1.8 reads ``law enforcement agencies 
        should strive to create a workforce that contains a broad range 
        of diversity including race, gender, language, life experience, 
        and cultural background to improve understanding and 
        effectiveness in dealing with all communities.''.
            (4) Additionally, the Fairness and Effectiveness in 
        Policing: The Evidence states ``A critical factor in managing 
        bias is seeking candidates who are likely to police in an 
        unbiased manner. Since people are less likely to have biases 
        against groups with which they have had positive experiences, 
        police departments should seek candidates who have had positive 
        interactions with people of various cultures and 
        backgrounds.''.

SEC. 1038. USE OF COPS GRANT FUNDS TO HIRE LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS WHO 
              ARE RESIDENTS OF THE COMMUNITIES THEY SERVE.

    Section 1701(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 
of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796dd(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (17), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (18) as paragraph (20);
            (3) in paragraph (20), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``(17)'' and inserting ``(19)''; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (17) the following:
            ``(18) to recruit, hire, promote, retain, develop, and 
        train new, additional career law enforcement officers who are 
        residents of the communities they serve;
            ``(19) to develop and publicly report strategies and 
        timelines to recruit, hire, promote, retain, develop, and train 
        a diverse and inclusive law enforcement workforce, consistent 
        with merit system principles and applicable law; and''.

SEC. 1039. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Byrne grant program.--The term ``Byrne grant program'' 
        means any grant program under subpart 1 of part E of title I of 
        the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
        U.S.C. 3750 et seq.), without regard to whether the funds are 
        characterized as being made available under the Edward Byrne 
        Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Programs, 
        the Local Government Law Enforcement Block Grants Program, the 
        Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program, or 
        otherwise.
            (2) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 901 of title I of the Omnibus 
        Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3791).
            (3) Law enforcement officer.--The term ``law enforcement 
        officer'' means any officer, agent, or employee of a State, 
        unit of local government, or Indian tribe authorized by law or 
        by a government agency to engage in or supervise the 
        prevention, detection, or investigation of any violation of 
        criminal law.
            (4) State.--The term ``State'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 901 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
        Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3791).
            (5) Use of force.--The term ``use of force'' includes the 
        use of a firearm, Taser, explosive device, chemical agent (such 
        as pepper spray), baton, impact projectile, blunt instrument, 
        hand, fist, foot, canine, or vehicle against an individual.

SEC. 1040. USE OF FORCE REPORTING.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--Beginning in the first fiscal year 
        beginning after the date of enactment of this Act and each 
        fiscal year thereafter in which a State or Indian tribe 
        receives funds under a Byrne grant program, the State or Indian 
        tribe shall--
                    (A) report to the Attorney General, on a quarterly 
                basis and pursuant to guidelines established by the 
                Attorney General, information regarding--
                            (i) any incident involving the shooting of 
                        a civilian by a law enforcement officer who is 
                        employed--
                                    (I) in the case of an Indian tribe, 
                                by the Indian tribe; or
                                    (II) in the case of a State, by the 
                                State or by a unit of local government 
                                in the State;
                            (ii) any incident involving the shooting of 
                        a law enforcement officer described in clause 
                        (i) by a civilian; and
                            (iii) any incident in which use of force by 
                        or against a law enforcement officer described 
                        in clause (i) occurs, which is not reported 
                        under clause (i) or (ii);
                    (B) establish a system and a set of policies to 
                ensure that all use of force incidents are reported by 
                law enforcement officers; and
                    (C) submit to the Attorney General a plan for the 
                collection of data required to be reported under this 
                section, including any modifications to a previously 
                submitted data collection plan.
            (2) Report information required.--
                    (A) In general.--The report required under 
                paragraph (1)(A) shall contain information that 
                includes, at a minimum--
                            (i) the national origin, sex, race, 
                        ethnicity, age, physical disability, mental 
                        disability, English language proficiency, 
                        housing status, and school status of each 
                        civilian against whom a law enforcement officer 
                        used force;
                            (ii) the date, time, and location, 
                        including zip code, of the incident and whether 
                        the jurisdiction in which the incident occurred 
                        allows for the open-carry or concealed-carry of 
                        a firearm;
                            (iii) whether the civilian was armed, and, 
                        if so, the type of weapon the civilian had;
                            (iv) the type of force used against the 
                        officer, the civilian, or both, including the 
                        types of weapons used;
                            (v) the reason force was used;
                            (vi) a description of any injuries 
                        sustained as a result of the incident;
                            (vii) the number of officers involved in 
                        the incident;
                            (viii) the number of civilians involved in 
                        the incident; and
                            (ix) a brief description regarding the 
                        circumstances surrounding the incident, which 
                        shall include information on--
                                    (I) the type of force used by all 
                                involved persons;
                                    (II) the legitimate police 
                                objective necessitating the use of 
                                force;
                                    (III) the resistance encountered by 
                                each law enforcement officer involved 
                                in the incident;
                                    (IV) the efforts by law enforcement 
                                officers to--
                                            (aa) de-escalate the 
                                        situation in order to avoid the 
                                        use of force; or
                                            (bb) minimize the level of 
                                        force used; and
                                    (V) if applicable, the reason why 
                                efforts described in subclause (IV) 
                                were not attempted.
                    (B) Incidents reported under death in custody 
                reporting act.--A State is not required to include in a 
                report under subsection (a)(1) an incident reported by 
                the State in accordance with section 20104(a)(2) of the 
                Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 
                (42 U.S.C. 13704(a)(2)).
            (3) Audit of use-of-force reporting.--Not later than 1 year 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year 
        thereafter, each State and Indian tribe described in paragraph 
        (1) shall--
                    (A) conduct an audit of the use of force incident 
                reporting system required to be established under 
                paragraph (1)(B); and
                    (B) submit a report to the Attorney General on the 
                audit conducted under subparagraph (A).
            (4) Compliance procedure.--Prior to submitting a report 
        under paragraph (1)(A), the State or Indian tribe submitting 
        such report shall compare the information compiled to be 
        reported pursuant to clause (i) of paragraph (1)(A) to open-
        source data records, and shall revise such report to include 
        any incident determined to be missing from the report based on 
        such comparison. Failure to comply with the procedures 
        described in the previous sentence shall be considered a 
        failure to comply with the requirements of this section.
    (b) Ineligibility for Funds.--
            (1) In general.--For any fiscal year in which a State or 
        Indian tribe fails to comply with this section, the State or 
        Indian tribe, at the discretion of the Attorney General, shall 
        be subject to not more than a 10-percent reduction of the funds 
        that would otherwise be allocated for that fiscal year to the 
        State or Indian tribe under a Byrne grant program.
            (2) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated under a Byrne 
        grant program in accordance with paragraph (1) to a State for 
        failure to comply with this section shall be reallocated under 
        the Byrne grant program to States that have not failed to 
        comply with this section.
    (c) Public Availability of Data.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Attorney 
        General shall publish, and make available to the public, a 
        report containing the data reported to the Attorney General 
        under this section.
            (2) Privacy protections.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        be construed to supersede the requirements or limitations under 
        section 552a of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as 
        the ``Privacy Act of 1974'').
    (d) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Attorney General, in coordination with the Director of 
the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall issue guidance on best 
practices relating to establishing standard data collection systems 
that capture the information required to be reported under subsection 
(a)(2), which shall include standard and consistent definitions for 
terms, including the term ``use of force'' which is consistent with the 
definition of such term in section 2.

SEC. 1041. COMMUNITY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PARTNERSHIP GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General may make grants to 
eligible law enforcement agencies to be used for the activities 
described in subsection (c).
    (b) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section a law enforcement agency shall--
            (1) be located in a State or Indian tribe that receives 
        funds under a Byrne grant program;
            (2) employ not more that 100 law enforcement officers;
            (3) demonstrate that the use of force policy for law 
        enforcement officers employed by the law enforcement agency is 
        publicly available; and
            (4) establish and maintain a reporting system that may be 
        used by members of the public to report incidents of use of 
        force to the law enforcement agency.
    (c) Activities Described.--A grant made under this section may be 
used by a law enforcement agency for--
            (1) the cost of assisting the State or Indian tribe in 
        which the law enforcement agency is located in complying with 
        the reporting requirements described in section 3;
            (2) the cost of establishing necessary systems required to 
        investigate and report incidents as required under subsection 
        (b)(4);
            (3) public awareness campaigns designed to gain information 
        from the public on use of force by or against law enforcement 
        officers, including shootings, which may include tip lines, 
        hotlines, and public service announcements; and
            (4) use of force training for law enforcement agencies and 
        personnel, including training on de-escalation, implicit bias, 
        crisis intervention techniques, and adolescent development.

SEC. 1042. COMPLIANCE WITH REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Attorney General shall 
conduct an audit and review of the information provided under this Act 
to determine whether each State or Indian tribe described in section 
3(a)(1) is in compliance with the requirements of this Act.
    (b) Consistency in Data Reporting.--
            (1) In general.--Any data reported under this Act shall be 
        collected and reported in a manner consistent with existing 
        programs of the Department of Justice that collect data on law 
        enforcement officer encounters with civilians.
            (2) Guidelines.--The Attorney General shall--
                    (A) issue guidelines on the reporting requirement 
                under section 3; and
                    (B) seek public comment before finalizing the 
                guidelines required under subparagraph (A).

SEC. 1043. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Attorney General 
such sums as are necessary to carry out this Act.

SEC. 1044. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Under section 2576a of title 10, United States Code, 
        the Department of Defense is authorized to provide excess 
        property to local law enforcement agencies. The Defense 
        Logistics Agency, administers such section by operating the Law 
        Enforcement Support Office program.
            (2) New and used material, including mine-resistant ambush-
        protected vehicles and weapons determined by the Department of 
        Defense to be ``military grade'' are transferred to local and 
        Federal law enforcement agencies through the program.
            (3) As a result local law enforcement agencies, including 
        police and sheriff's departments, are acquiring this material 
        for use in their normal operations.
            (4) As a result of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, 
        military equipment purchased for, and used in, those wars has 
        become excess property and has been made available for transfer 
        to local and Federal law enforcement agencies.
            (5) According to public reports, approximately 12,000 
        police organizations across the country were able to procure 
        nearly $500,000,000 worth of excess military merchandise 
        including firearms, computers, helicopters, clothing, and other 
        products, at no charge during fiscal year 2011 alone.
            (6) More than $4,000,000,000 worth of weapons and equipment 
        have been transferred to police organizations in all 50 states 
        and four territories through the program.
            (7) In May 2012, the Defense Logistics Agency instituted a 
        moratorium on weapons transfers through the program after 
        reports of missing equipment and inappropriate weapons 
        transfers.
            (8) Though the moratorium was widely publicized, it was 
        lifted in October 2013 without adequate safeguards.
            (9) As a result, Federal, State, and local law enforcement 
        departments across the country are eligible again to acquire 
        free ``military-grade'' weapons and equipment that could be 
        used inappropriately during policing efforts in which citizens 
        and taxpayers could be harmed.
            (10) Pursuant to section III(J) of a Defense Logistics 
        Agency memorandum of understanding, property obtained through 
        the program must be placed into use within one year of receipt, 
        possibly providing an incentive for the unnecessary and 
        potentially dangerous use of ``military grade'' equipment by 
        local law enforcement.
            (11) The Department of Defense categorizes equipment 
        eligible for transfer under the 1033 program as ``controlled'' 
        and ``un-controlled'' equipment. ``Controlled equipment'' 
        includes weapons, explosives such as flash-bang grenades, mine 
        resistant ambush protected vehicles, long range acoustic 
        devices, aircraft capable of being modified to carry armament 
        that are combat coded, and silencers, among other military 
        grade items.

SEC. 1045. LIMITATION ON DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TRANSFER OF PERSONAL 
              PROPERTY TO LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 2576a of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``counterdrug, 
                counterterrorism,'' and inserting ``counterterrorism''; 
                and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``, the Director 
                of National Drug Control Policy,'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in each of paragraphs (4) and (5), by striking 
                ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in paragraph (6), by striking the period and 
                inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraphs:
            ``(7) the recipient certifies to the Department of Defense 
        that it has the personnel and technical capacity, including 
        training, to operate the property;
            ``(8) the recipient submits to the Department of Defense a 
        description of how the recipient expects to use the property;
            ``(9) the recipient certifies to the Department of Defense 
        that if the recipient determines that the property is surplus 
        to the needs of the recipient, the recipient will return the 
        property to the Department of Defense; and
            ``(10) with respect to a recipient that is not a Federal 
        agency, the recipient certifies to the Department of Defense 
        that the recipient notified the local community of the request 
        for personal property under this section by--
                    ``(A) publishing a notice of such request on a 
                publicly accessible Internet website;
                    ``(B) posting such notice at several prominent 
                locations in the jurisdiction of the recipient; and
                    ``(C) ensuring that such notices were available to 
                the local community for a period of not less than 30 
                days.'';
            (3) by striking subsection (d);
            (4) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
        (m) and (n), respectively; and
            (5) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new 
        subsections:
    ``(d) Annual Certification Accounting for Transferred Property.--
(1) For each fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to Congress 
certification in writing that each Federal or State agency to which the 
Secretary has transferred property under this section--
            ``(A) has provided to the Secretary documentation 
        accounting for all controlled property, including arms and 
        ammunition, that the Secretary has transferred to the agency, 
        including any item described in subsection (f) so transferred 
        before the date of the enactment of the Stop Militarizing Law 
        Enforcement Act; and
            ``(B) with respect to a non-Federal agency, carried out 
        each of paragraphs (5) through (8) of subsection (b).
    ``(2) If the Secretary cannot provide a certification under 
paragraph (1) for a Federal or State agency, the Secretary may not 
transfer additional property to that agency under this section.
    ``(e) Annual Report on Excess Property.--Before making any property 
available for transfer under this section, the Secretary shall annually 
submit to Congress a description of the property to be transferred 
together with a certification that the transfer of the property would 
not violate this section or any other provision of law.
    ``(f) Limitations on Transfers.--(1) The Secretary may not transfer 
the following personal property of the Department of Defense under this 
section:
            ``(A) Controlled firearms, ammunition, grenades (including 
        stun and flash-bang) and explosives.
            ``(B) Controlled vehicles, highly mobile multi-wheeled 
        vehicles, mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicles, trucks, 
        truck dump, truck utility, and truck carryall.
            ``(C) Drones that are armored, weaponized, or both.
            ``(D) Controlled aircraft that--
                    ``(i) are combat configured or combat coded; or
                    ``(ii) have no established commercial flight 
                application.
            ``(E) Silencers.
            ``(F) Long-range acoustic devices.
            ``(G) Items in the Federal Supply Class of banned items.
    ``(2) The Secretary may not require, as a condition of a transfer 
under this section, that a Federal or State agency demonstrate the use 
of any small arms or ammunition.
    ``(3) The limitations under this subsection shall also apply with 
respect to the transfer of previously transferred property of the 
Department of Defense from one Federal or State agency to another such 
agency.
    ``(4)(A) The Secretary may waive the applicability of paragraph (1) 
to a vehicle described in subparagraph (B) of such paragraph (other 
than a mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicle), if the Secretary 
determines that such a waiver is necessary for disaster or rescue 
purposes or for another purpose where life and public safety are at 
risk, as demonstrated by the proposed recipient of the vehicle.
    ``(B) If the Secretary issues a waiver under subparagraph (A), the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(i) submit to Congress notice of the waiver, and post 
        such notice on a public Internet website of the Department, by 
        not later than 30 days after the date on which the waiver is 
        issued; and
            ``(ii) require, as a condition of the waiver, that the 
        recipient of the vehicle for which the waiver is issued 
        provides public notice of the waiver and the transfer, 
        including the type of vehicle and the purpose for which it is 
        transferred, in the jurisdiction where the recipient is located 
        by not later than 30 days after the date on which the waiver is 
        issued.
    ``(5) The Secretary may provide for an exemption to the limitation 
under subparagraph (D) of paragraph (1) in the case of parts for 
aircraft described in such subparagraph that are transferred as part of 
regular maintenance of aircraft in an existing fleet.
    ``(6) The Secretary shall require, as a condition of any transfer 
of property under this section, that the Federal or State agency that 
receives the property shall return the property to the Secretary if the 
agency--
            ``(A) is investigated by the Department of Justice for any 
        violation of civil liberties; or
            ``(B) is otherwise found to have engaged in widespread 
        abuses of civil liberties.
    ``(g) Conditions for Extension of Program.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, amounts authorized to be appropriated or 
otherwise made available for any fiscal year may not be obligated or 
expended to carry out this section unless the Secretary submits to 
Congress certification that for the preceding fiscal year that--
            ``(1) each Federal or State agency that has received 
        controlled property transferred under this section has--
                    ``(A) demonstrated 100 percent accountability for 
                all such property, in accordance with paragraph (2) or 
                (3), as applicable; or
                    ``(B) been suspended from the program pursuant to 
                paragraph (4);
            ``(2) with respect to each non-Federal agency that has 
        received controlled property under this section, the State 
        coordinator responsible for each such agency has verified that 
        the coordinator or an agent of the coordinator has conducted an 
        in-person inventory of the property transferred to the agency 
        and that 100 percent of such property was accounted for during 
        the inventory or that the agency has been suspended from the 
        program pursuant to paragraph (4);
            ``(3) with respect to each Federal agency that has received 
        controlled property under this section, the Secretary of 
        Defense or an agent of the Secretary has conducted an in-person 
        inventory of the property transferred to the agency and that 
        100 percent of such property was accounted for during the 
        inventory or that the agency has been suspended from the 
        program pursuant to paragraph (4);
            ``(4) the eligibility of any agency that has received 
        controlled property under this section for which 100 percent of 
        the property was not accounted for during an inventory 
        described in paragraph (1) or (2), as applicable, to receive 
        any property transferred under this section has been suspended;
            ``(5) each State coordinator has certified, for each non-
        Federal agency located in the State for which the State 
        coordinator is responsible that--
                    ``(A) the agency has complied with all requirements 
                under this section; or
                    ``(B) the eligibility of the agency to receive 
                property transferred under this section has been 
                suspended; and
            ``(6) the Secretary of Defense has certified, for each 
        Federal agency that has received property under this section 
        that--
                    ``(A) the agency has complied with all requirements 
                under this section; or
                    ``(B) the eligibility of the agency to receive 
                property transferred under this section has been 
                suspended.
    ``(h) Prohibition on Ownership of Controlled Property.--A Federal 
or State agency that receives controlled property under this section 
may never take ownership of the property.
    ``(i) Notice to Congress of Property Downgrades.--Not later than 30 
days before downgrading the classification of any item of personal 
property from controlled or Federal Supply Class, the Secretary shall 
submit to Congress notice of the proposed downgrade.
    ``(j) Notice to Congress of Property Cannibalization.--Before the 
Defense Logistics Agency authorizes the recipient of property 
transferred under this section to cannibalize the property, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress notice of such authorization, 
including the name of the recipient requesting the authorization, the 
purpose of the proposed cannibalization, and the type of property 
proposed to be cannibalized.
    ``(k) Quarterly Reports on Use of Controlled Equipment.--Not later 
than 30 days after the last day of a fiscal quarter, the Secretary 
shall submit to Congress a report on any uses of controlled property 
transferred under this section during that fiscal quarter.
    ``(l) Reports to Congress.--Not later than 30 days after the last 
day of a fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
on the following for the preceding fiscal year:
            ``(1) The percentage of equipment lost by recipients of 
        property transferred under this section, including specific 
        information about the type of property lost, the monetary value 
        of such property, and the recipient that lost the property.
            ``(2) The transfer of any new (condition code A) property 
        transferred under this section, including specific information 
        about the type of property, the recipient of the property, the 
        monetary value of each item of the property, and the total 
        monetary value of all such property transferred during the 
        fiscal year.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to any transfer of property made after the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1046. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) There is a lack of reliable data and information on the 
        amount and types of weapons and equipment that law enforcement 
        agencies purchase using Federal funding, and the use and 
        deployment of those weapons and equipment.
            (2) The Federal Government lacks reliable data and 
        information about the number, composition, and deployment of 
        Special Weapons and Tactics teams (referred to in this section 
        as ``SWAT teams'').
            (3) According to estimates, the percentage of small towns 
        in the United States that had SWAT teams grew from 20 percent 
        in the 1980s to 80 percent in the mid-2000s.
            (4) According to estimates, the number of SWAT team raids 
        per year grew from 3,000 in the 1980s to 45,000 in the mid-
        2000s.
            (5) The majority of SWAT team deployments are for the 
        purpose of executing a warrant.
            (6) In 2014, the Federal Government provided more than 
        $2,000,000,000 in grants and equipment to law enforcement 
        agencies.
            (7) In 2013 and 2014, the Department of Defense provided 
        excess Mine Resistant Ambush Protected vehicles (referred to in 
        this section as ``MRAPs'') to 624 local law enforcement 
        agencies for free.
            (8) MRAPs can weigh up to 17 tons and cost up to $600,000, 
        and are known to damage road surfaces due to their weight.
            (9) State and local governments that are responsible for 
        oversight of their law enforcement agencies are not always 
        aware of equipment and grant funding that the law enforcement 
        agencies obtain from the Federal Government.

SEC. 1047. TASK FORCE TO ASSIST FEDERAL OFFICIALS IN DETERMINING 
              APPROPRIATENESS OF ITEMS FOR USE BY LAW ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator of the Federal Emergency 
Management Agency, the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, and 
the Attorney General shall jointly appoint a task force to assist each 
such official in discharging certain functions as required under--
            (1) section 2009 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as 
        added by section 5;
            (2) section 2576a of title 10, United States Code, as added 
        by section 6; and
            (3) section 509 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
        Streets Act of 1968, as added by section 7.
    (b) Members.--The task force appointed under this section shall 
include the following:
            (1) One representative from a law enforcement agency within 
        the Department of Homeland Security.
            (2) An individual appointed under section 2009(h)(2) of the 
        Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 5.
            (3) In consultation with the Director of the Federal Bureau 
        of Investigation, 1 representative from the Federal Bureau of 
        Investigation or the FBI Academy.
            (4) An individual employed by the Defense Logistics Agency 
        pursuant to section 2576a(e)(2) of title 10, United States 
        Code, as added by section 6.
            (5) An individual appointed under section 509(h)(1)(B) of 
        the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as 
        added by section 7.
            (6) One representative of each of the Fraternal Order of 
        Police, the National Tactical Officers Association, the 
        International Association of Bomb Technicians and 
        Investigators, the National Bomb Squad Commanders Advisory 
        Board, the Airborne Law Enforcement Association, the 
        International Association of Chiefs of Police, the National 
        Sheriffs Association, the National Governors Association, and 
        the United States Conference of Mayors.
            (7) An individual unaffiliated with an organization 
        specified in paragraph (6) who has a doctoral or masters degree 
        in criminology or criminal justice and a demonstrated expertise 
        in police tactics.
            (8) One or more individuals from an organization or 
        organizations whose mission is related to the protection of 
        civil rights and liberties, including the American Civil 
        Liberties Union, the Center for Constitutional Rights, the 
        Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the Leadership 
        Conference on Civil and Human Rights, the National Association 
        for the Advancement of Colored People, the NAACP Legal Defense 
        and Educational Fund, Inc., the National Urban League, and the 
        Rainbow PUSH Coalition, selected by the Administrator in 
        consultation with the head of such organization.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated for the activities of the task force appointed under this 
section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015, 2016, and 2017.

SEC. 1048. URBAN AREAS SECURITY INITIATIVE AND STATE HOMELAND SECURITY 
              GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle A of title XX of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 603 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 2009. USE OF FUNDS BY LAW ENFORCEMENT.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `Authorized Equipment List' means the 
        Authorized Equipment List published by the Grant Programs 
        Directorate of the Federal Emergency Management Agency;
            ``(2) the term `covered funds' means funds awarded under 
        section 2003 or 2004;
            ``(3) the term `law enforcement agency'--
                    ``(A) means an agency or entity with law 
                enforcement officers--
                            ``(i) who have arrest and apprehension 
                        authority; and
                            ``(ii) whose primary function is to enforce 
                        the laws;
                    ``(B) includes a local educational agency with 
                officers described in subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) does not include a firefighting agency or 
                entity;
            ``(4) the term `law enforcement council' means a consortium 
        of law enforcement agencies operating in a partnership within a 
        region to promote and enhance public safety;
            ``(5) the term `law enforcement equipment list' means the 
        list of items designated by the Administrator under subsection 
        (b)(1)(B);
            ``(6) the term `local educational agency' has the meaning 
        given that term in section 8013(9) of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7713(9));
            ``(7) the term `prohibited item' means an item that is not 
        on the law enforcement equipment list;
            ``(8) the term `restricted item' means--
                    ``(A) tactical law enforcement ballistic protection 
                equipment, including body armor, a ballistic helmet, a 
                ballistic shield, a battle dress uniform, or camouflage 
                uniforms or clothing;
                    ``(B) a remotely piloted aerial vehicle;
                    ``(C) a tactical military vehicle;
                    ``(D) facial recognition software;
                    ``(E) watercraft; or
                    ``(F) manned aircraft;
            ``(9) the term `SWAT team' means a Special Weapons and 
        Tactics team or other specialized tactical team composed of 
        sworn law enforcement officers; and
            ``(10) the term `tactical military vehicle' means an 
        armored vehicle having military characteristics resulting from 
        military research and development processes, designed primarily 
        for use by forces in the field in direct connection with, or 
        support of, combat or tactical operations.
    ``(b) Assessment of Authorized Equipment List; Designation of 
Approved Items.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall, in consultation 
        with the task force appointed under section 4 of the Protecting 
        Communities and Police Act of 2015--
                    ``(A) as soon as practicable after the date of 
                enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act 
                of 2015, assess the appropriateness of items on the 
                Authorized Equipment List for use by law enforcement 
                agencies in counterterrorism activities;
                    ``(B) not later than 3 years after the date of 
                enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act 
                of 2015, based on the assessment conducted under 
                subparagraph (A) and in accordance with the procedures 
                required under paragraph (2), designate a list of 
                items, which may include restricted items, that may be 
                purchased using covered funds for use by a law 
                enforcement agency; and
                    ``(C) not less frequently than once every 5 years, 
                review and revise, as appropriate, the list of items 
                designated under subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Publication.--The Administrator shall publish the law 
        enforcement equipment list on the website of the Department and 
        in the Federal Register.
            ``(3) Prohibited items.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), a law enforcement agency may not--
                            ``(i) use covered funds to purchase a 
                        prohibited item; or
                            ``(ii) receive a prohibited item that was 
                        purchased using covered funds.
                    ``(B) Exception for threats to national security.--
                A law enforcement agency may purchase a prohibited item 
                using covered funds, or receive a prohibited item that 
                was purchased using covered funds, if--
                            ``(i) the Administrator determines that the 
                        prohibited item will be useful in preventing or 
                        mitigating damage resulting from a threat to 
                        national security;
                            ``(ii) the law enforcement agency has in 
                        place an agreement with the National Guard of 
                        the State in which the law enforcement agency 
                        is located for the storage of the prohibited 
                        item at a National Guard site; and
                            ``(iii) the law enforcement agency provides 
                        a copy of the agreement described in clause 
                        (ii) to the Administrator.
            ``(4) Reports to congress on expected publication of final 
        law enforcement equipment list.--Beginning in the third full 
        fiscal year after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
        Communities and Police Act of 2015, the Administrator shall 
        submit to Congress a monthly report on the expected date of 
        publication of the final law enforcement equipment list.
            ``(5) Authority to make grants contingent on publication of 
        final list.--Beginning in the fifth full fiscal year after the 
        date of enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act 
        of 2015, the Administrator shall withhold from a grant awarded 
        under section 2003 or 2004 any amounts that are intended for 
        use by a law enforcement agency unless the Administrator has 
        published a final law enforcement equipment list.
    ``(c) Other Restrictions and Limitations on Use of Covered Funds.--
            ``(1) Restricted items purchased using covered funds.--
                    ``(A) Requirements.--A law enforcement agency may 
                not receive or use covered funds for the purchase of a 
                restricted item, or receive a restricted item purchased 
                using covered funds, unless the law enforcement 
                agency--
                            ``(i) except as provided in subparagraph 
                        (B), publishes a needs justification 
                        statement--
                                    ``(I) that, except as provided in 
                                subclause (II), includes the 
                                information required under subparagraph 
                                (D) if that information is not 
                                otherwise publicly available; and
                                    ``(II) from which the law 
                                enforcement agency may redact--
                                            ``(aa) the information 
                                        required under clause (x) or 
                                        (xi) of subparagraph (D); and
                                            ``(bb) with respect to the 
                                        training records required under 
                                        clause (vi), any personally 
                                        identifiable information and 
                                        all but the title and subject 
                                        of such training;
                            ``(ii) obtains the approval of the head of 
                        the State, political subdivision of a State, or 
                        Indian tribe of which the law enforcement 
                        agency is an agency to obtain the restricted 
                        items; and
                            ``(iii) submits the needs justification 
                        statement, including all information required 
                        under subparagraph (D), to the State, high-risk 
                        urban area, or directly eligible tribe from 
                        which the law enforcement agency is to receive 
                        the covered funds or restricted item.
                    ``(B) Ongoing operations.--The requirements under 
                subparagraph (A) shall not apply to a law enforcement 
                agency that obtains a restricted item that was 
                purchased using covered funds to be used in an active, 
                ongoing counterterrorism operation.
                    ``(C) Notification to administrator regarding 
                approval of certain applications.--If an official other 
                than the Administrator approves an application for a 
                grant under section 2003 or 2004 that proposes to use 
                funds for the purchase of a restricted item, the 
                official shall notify the Administrator of the approval 
                before distributing those funds.
                    ``(D) Needs justification statements.--A needs 
                justification statement of a law enforcement agency 
                shall include the following:
                            ``(i) The type and number of restricted 
                        items proposed to be purchased on behalf of, or 
                        distributed to, the law enforcement agency.
                            ``(ii) The number of sworn law enforcement 
                        officers of the law enforcement agency.
                            ``(iii) The number, if any, of items 
                        similar to the restricted item that the law 
                        enforcement agency has in good working 
                        condition.
                            ``(iv) The number and type of items, if 
                        any, that the law enforcement agency has that 
                        were--
                                    ``(I) transferred to the law 
                                enforcement agency under section 2576a 
                                of title 10, United States Code; or
                                    ``(II) purchased using funds from 
                                the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice 
                                Assistance Grant Program under subpart 
                                1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus 
                                Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
                                1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.) during 
                                the 5-year period preceding the date on 
                                which the statement is published.
                            ``(v) The use of force policy of the law 
                        enforcement agency.
                            ``(vi) Whether the law enforcement agency 
                        intends for a SWAT team to use the restricted 
                        item, and, if so, the training records of the 
                        SWAT team, including the course outlines of 
                        such training.
                            ``(vii) Whether the law enforcement agency 
                        has or plans to adopt a memorandum of 
                        understanding or other joint use agreement for 
                        the shared use of the restricted item with any 
                        other law enforcement agency.
                            ``(viii) The capability gap to be filled by 
                        the restricted item, and a description of the 
                        proposed use of the restricted item by the law 
                        enforcement agency.
                            ``(ix) Whether a consent decree is in 
                        effect between the United States and the law 
                        enforcement agency relating to civil rights 
                        abuses or excessive use of force.
                            ``(x) Whether the law enforcement agency is 
                        currently under investigation, or has been 
                        under investigation during the preceding 10 
                        years, by the Department of Justice, an 
                        inspector general, or any equivalent State or 
                        local entity for civil rights abuses or 
                        excessive use of force.
                            ``(xi) Whether the head of the law 
                        enforcement agency has ever been determined by 
                        the Department of Justice, an inspector 
                        general, or any equivalent State or local 
                        entity to have engaged in civil rights abuses 
                        or excessive use of force, if such information 
                        is publicly available.
                            ``(xii)(I) Whether the law enforcement 
                        agency requested funds from a regional, State, 
                        or local political entity to purchase the 
                        requested item;
                            ``(II) if the law enforcement agency 
                        requested funds from a regional, State, or 
                        local political entity and the request was 
                        denied, a statement of the reason or reasons 
                        for the denial; and
                            ``(III) if the law enforcement agency did 
                        not request funds from a regional, State, or 
                        local political entity, a statement explaining 
                        why the law enforcement agency did not do so.
                            ``(xiii) A certification that any item on 
                        the law enforcement equipment list purchased 
                        using covered funds has not been, and will not 
                        be, used by a SWAT team of the law enforcement 
                        agency engaging in routine patrol-related 
                        incidents, non-tactical incidents, or non-
                        tactical assignments.
                            ``(xiv) Any other information on the recent 
                        record of the law enforcement agency regarding 
                        civil rights and the excessive use of force 
                        that the Administrator determines appropriate.
            ``(2) Restrictions on small agencies.--
                    ``(A) Tactical military vehicles.--A law 
                enforcement agency with 10 or fewer sworn law 
                enforcement officers--
                            ``(i) that has 1 or more functioning 
                        tactical military vehicles may not--
                                    ``(I) use covered funds for the 
                                purchase of a tactical military 
                                vehicle; or
                                    ``(II) receive a tactical military 
                                vehicle purchased using covered funds;
                            ``(ii) that does not have a functioning 
                        tactical military vehicle may--
                                    ``(I) use covered funds for the 
                                purchase of not more than 1 tactical 
                                military vehicle; or
                                    ``(II) receive not more than 1 
                                tactical military vehicle purchased 
                                using covered funds; or
                            ``(iii) that is the designated procurement 
                        agency for a multi-jurisdictional joint-use 
                        agreement may use covered funds for the 
                        purchase of more than 1 tactical military 
                        vehicle, or receive more than 1 tactical 
                        military vehicle purchased using covered funds, 
                        if agency purchases or receives not more than 1 
                        tactical military vehicle for every 10 sworn 
                        law enforcement officers covered by the joint-
                        use agreement.
                    ``(B) Limitation on use of covered funds by small 
                swat teams.--A law enforcement agency may not use 
                covered funds to purchase a restricted item, or receive 
                a restricted item purchased using covered funds, for 
                use by a SWAT team--
                            ``(i) composed of fewer than 17 sworn law 
                        enforcement officers;
                            ``(ii) composed entirely of members from a 
                        single law enforcement agency that has fewer 
                        than 35 sworn law enforcement officers;
                            ``(iii) composed of members from 2 or more 
                        law enforcement agencies that have, in 
                        aggregate, fewer than 35 sworn law enforcement 
                        officers; or
                            ``(iv) in a routine patrol-related 
                        incident, non-tactical incident, or non-
                        tactical assignment.
            ``(3) Transportation costs.--Covered funds may not be used 
        to pay the cost of transporting an eligible defense item 
        transferred to a law enforcement agency under section 2576a of 
        title 10, United States Code.
            ``(4) Agencies under consent decrees or civil rights 
        investigations.--A law enforcement agency for which a consent 
        decree is in effect between the United States and the law 
        enforcement agency, or that is under investigation by the 
        Department of Justice, relating to civil rights abuses or 
        excessive use of force may not--
                    ``(A) use covered funds to purchase a restricted 
                item; or
                    ``(B) receive a restricted item that was purchased 
                using covered funds.
    ``(d) Training and Certification.--
            ``(1) State certification of law enforcement instructors on 
        law enforcement tactics and the use of restricted items.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On and after the date that is 3 
                years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015, a State, any 
                jurisdiction within the State, and any directly 
                eligible tribe any part of which is located within the 
                State, may not receive covered funds for use by a law 
                enforcement agency to purchase a restricted item unless 
                the Governor or highest official of the State certifies 
                to the Administrator that the State conducts a program 
                for certifying law enforcement instructors in the 
                provision of training on law enforcement tactics and 
                investigations that meets the requirements under 
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Program requirements.--The requirements for a 
                program described in subparagraph (A) are the 
                following:
                            ``(i) The program shall include instruction 
                        in training on the following:
                                    ``(I) The use of force by law 
                                enforcement officers in the ordinary 
                                course of their duties.
                                    ``(II) The use of restricted items 
                                by law enforcement officers in the 
                                ordinary course of their duties.
                                    ``(III) The use of restricted items 
                                by SWAT teams.
                                    ``(IV) The appropriate deployment 
                                of SWAT teams.
                                    ``(V) Civil rights and civil 
                                liberties.
                                    ``(VI) Any other matters on the 
                                training of law enforcement officers 
                                that the head of the State law 
                                enforcement agency considers 
                                appropriate.
                            ``(ii) A list of the instructors who are 
                        certified pursuant to the program or pursuant 
                        to the program conducted by the Secretary under 
                        section 2010 shall be maintained and published.
                    ``(C) Discharge through existing programs.--A State 
                may satisfy the requirement under subparagraph (A) 
                using a program in effect on the date that is 3 years 
                after the date of the enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015 if such program 
                satisfies the requirements in subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Minimum annual training requirements.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--On and after the date that is 
                3 years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015, a State, any 
                jurisdiction within the State, and any directly 
                eligible tribe any part of which is located within the 
                State, may not receive covered funds, or equipment 
                purchased using covered funds, unless the State 
                establishes minimum annual training requirements for 
                all sworn law enforcement officers in the State, 
                including--
                            ``(i) specialized leadership training 
                        requirements for heads of law enforcement 
                        agencies who have--
                                    ``(I) decisionmaking authority on 
                                the deployment of SWAT teams and 
                                tactical military vehicles; or
                                    ``(II) responsibility for drafting 
                                policies on the use of force and SWAT 
                                team deployment;
                            ``(ii) specialized SWAT team training 
                        requirements for all SWAT team members in law 
                        enforcement tactics used in tactical 
                        operations;
                            ``(iii) training in the appropriate use and 
                        deployment of tactical military vehicles; and
                            ``(iv) not less than 1 training session on 
                        sensitivity, including training on ethnic and 
                        racial bias, cultural diversity, and law 
                        enforcement interaction with disabled 
                        individuals, mentally ill individuals, and new 
                        immigrants.
                    ``(B) Federally certified or state-certified 
                instructors.--The training requirements established by 
                a State under subparagraph (A) may only be satisfied 
                through training conducted by an instructor certified 
                under--
                            ``(i) the program conducted by the 
                        Secretary under section 2010; or
                            ``(ii) a program conducted by a State under 
                        paragraph (1).
                    ``(C) Certification of completed training.--On and 
                after the date that is 1 year after the date on which a 
                program is established under paragraph (1), a law 
                enforcement agency may not directly or indirectly 
                receive covered funds, or receive equipment purchased 
                using covered funds, unless the law enforcement agency 
                certifies to the entity from which the law enforcement 
                agency is seeking funds or equipment that, during the 
                preceding year, each sworn law enforcement officer 
                employed by the law enforcement agency met all 
                applicable minimum annual training requirements 
                established by the State in which the law enforcement 
                agency is located under subparagraph (A) of this 
                paragraph, including specialized SWAT team training 
                requirements.
                    ``(D) False certification.--The Administrator shall 
                suspend or terminate the eligibility of a law 
                enforcement agency to directly or indirectly receive 
                covered funds, or receive equipment purchased using 
                covered funds, if the law enforcement agency 
                intentionally submits a false certification under 
                subparagraph (C) that a law enforcement officer met the 
                minimum annual training requirements established by the 
                State in which the agency is located under subparagraph 
                (A).
                    ``(E) Satisfaction by recent hirees.--The 
                requirements under subparagraph (A) shall provide for 
                the first completion of the training concerned by an 
                individual who becomes an officer in a law enforcement 
                agency or a member of a SWAT team by not later than 1 
                year after the date on which the individual becomes an 
                officer in the law enforcement agency or a member of a 
                SWAT team, as applicable.
    ``(e) Reporting Requirements.--
            ``(1) Annual reports by administrator.--The Administrator 
        shall make public and submit to Congress and the Attorney 
        General--
                    ``(A) an annual report on the purchase by law 
                enforcement agencies of restricted items purchased 
                using covered funds; and
                    ``(B) an annual report on the purchase and use by 
                law enforcement agencies of tactical military vehicles 
                and remotely piloted aerial vehicles purchased using 
                covered funds.
            ``(2) Grant applicants and recipients.--
                    ``(A) List of equipment purchased.--As a condition 
                of receiving a grant under section 2003 or 2004, a 
                State, high-risk urban area, or directly eligible tribe 
                shall submit to the Administrator, as part of the 
                report submitted under section 2022(b)(1)(A) relating 
                to the last quarter of any fiscal year, a description 
                of the quantity and specific type of equipment 
                purchased by the recipient and any subgrantee of the 
                recipient using covered funds.
                    ``(B) Agencies with special equipment.--As a 
                condition of receiving a grant under section 2003 or 
                2004, a State, high-risk urban area, or directly 
                eligible tribe shall submit to the Administrator a 
                report that describes, for each law enforcement agency 
                that purchased a restricted item using covered funds 
                made available by the State, high-risk urban area, or 
                directly eligible tribe, or received a restricted item 
                that the State, high-risk urban area, or directly 
                eligible tribe purchased using covered funds--
                            ``(i) the needs justification statement 
                        that the law enforcement agency submitted to 
                        the State, high-risk urban area, or directly 
                        eligible tribe with respect to the restricted 
                        item under subsection (c)(1)(A)(iii); and
                            ``(ii) the number and types of restricted 
                        items that the law enforcement agency purchased 
                        or received.
                    ``(C) SWAT team deployment records.--A law 
                enforcement agency that uses covered funds to purchase 
                a tactical military vehicle, or receives a tactical 
                military vehicle purchased using covered funds, for use 
                by a SWAT team shall maintain a record of each 
                deployment of the tactical military vehicle by the SWAT 
                team, which shall include--
                            ``(i) the type of police activity for which 
                        the tactical military vehicle is deployed;
                            ``(ii) the rationale for the deployment;
                            ``(iii) the nexus between--
                                    ``(I) the use of force policy and 
                                SWAT team policy of the law enforcement 
                                agency, if applicable; and
                                    ``(II) the police activity for 
                                which the tactical military vehicle is 
                                deployed; and
                            ``(iv) a description, written after the 
                        deployment, of whether force or weapons were 
                        used by or against the law enforcement officers 
                        deploying the tactical military vehicle.
    ``(f) Whistleblower and Independent Oversight Requirements.--
            ``(1) Whistleblower requirements.--On or after the date 
        that is 3 years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
        Communities and Police Act of 2015, a State, any jurisdiction 
        within the State, and any directly eligible tribe any part of 
        which is located within the State, may not directly or 
        indirectly receive covered funds for the purchase of a 
        restricted item unless the Governor or highest officer of the 
        State certifies to the Administrator that the State--
                    ``(A) has in place--
                            ``(i) a program, including a public 
                        complaint hotline, that provides individuals 
                        the ability to disclose any--
                                    ``(I) misuse of equipment purchased 
                                using covered funds; or
                                    ``(II) other waste, fraud, or abuse 
                                in connection with the use of covered 
                                funds; and
                            ``(ii) mechanisms (commonly referred to as 
                        `whistleblower protections') to protect 
                        individuals who make a disclosure described in 
                        clause (i) from retaliatory or other adverse 
                        personnel actions in connection with such 
                        disclosures; and
                    ``(B) publicizes the existence of the program and 
                whistleblower protections described in subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(2) Certification of oversight and accountability.--
                    ``(A) Certification required.--A law enforcement 
                agency may not receive a restricted item purchased 
                using covered funds, or directly or indirectly receive 
                covered funds to purchase a restricted item, unless the 
                head of the law enforcement agency submits to the 
                Administrator a written certification (in the form of a 
                memorandum of understanding, memorandum of agreement, 
                or letterhead correspondence) that an entity that does 
                not report to the head of the law enforcement agency is 
                authorized--
                            ``(i) to receive any complaints regarding 
                        the use of any equipment and funds of the law 
                        enforcement agency;
                            ``(ii) to periodically review and assess 
                        the use of such equipment and funds by the law 
                        enforcement agency; and
                            ``(iii) to make recommendations to the law 
                        enforcement agency regarding the use of such 
                        equipment and funds by the law enforcement 
                        agency that are either--
                                    ``(I) non-binding in character; or
                                    ``(II) binding in character, if 
                                authorized by--
                                            ``(aa) a law or ordinance 
                                        governing the law enforcement 
                                        agency or the entity; or
                                            ``(bb) an agreement between 
                                        the law enforcement agency and 
                                        organizations representing law 
                                        enforcement officers of the law 
                                        enforcement agency.
                    ``(B) Discharge through existing entities.--A law 
                enforcement agency may satisfy the requirement in 
                subparagraph (A) through an entity that exists as of 
                the date of the enactment of the Protecting Communities 
                and Police Act of 2015, including an independent review 
                board, a Federal, State, or local inspector general, a 
                Federal, State, county, or city attorney general, a 
                district attorney, the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
                or another Federal agency, a State agency, a State or 
                local governing body (such as a city council or county 
                commission), a law enforcement council, or an 
                independent entity established by one or more such 
                officials, agencies, or entities on behalf of one or 
                more law enforcement agencies.
    ``(g) Suspension and Termination.--
            ``(1) For lost or stolen items.--As a condition of 
        receiving a grant under section 2003 or 2004, a State, high-
        risk urban area, or directly eligible tribe shall implement 
        procedures under which, if a restricted item that was purchased 
        using covered funds and is in the possession of a law 
        enforcement agency is lost, stolen, or misappropriated--
                    ``(A) on the first occurrence, and after the law 
                enforcement agency is provided with notice and the 
                opportunity to contest the allegation, the eligibility 
                of the law enforcement agency to receive covered funds 
                to purchase a restricted item, or to receive a 
                restricted item purchased using covered funds, shall be 
                suspended for a period of not less than 6 months; and
                    ``(B) on the subsequent occurrence, and after the 
                law enforcement agency is provided with notice and the 
                opportunity to contest the allegation, the eligibility 
                of the law enforcement agency to receive covered funds 
                or receive a restricted item purchased using covered 
                funds shall be suspended for a period of not less than 
                5 years.
            ``(2) Intentional falsification of information.--As a 
        condition of receiving a grant under section 2003 or 2004, a 
        State, high-risk urban area, or directly eligible tribe shall 
        implement procedures under which the eligibility of a law 
        enforcement agency to receive covered funds, or to receive a 
        restricted item purchased using covered funds, shall, if the 
        law enforcement agency is determined to have intentionally 
        falsified any information relating to the purchase or receipt 
        of a restricted item, and after the law enforcement agency is 
        provided with notice and the opportunity to contest the 
        allegation, be suspended for a period of not less than 5 years.
            ``(3) Disclosure to administrator.--Each State, high-risk 
        urban area, or directly eligible tribe that receives a grant 
        under section 2003 or 2004 shall submit to the Administrator an 
        annual report that describes each law enforcement agency that 
        is ineligible, due to a suspension or termination under 
        paragraph (1) or (2), to receive covered funds to purchase a 
        restricted item, or to receive a restricted item purchased 
        using covered funds.
    ``(h) Law Enforcement Expertise.--
            ``(1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `covered 
        grant application' means a grant application under section 2003 
        or 2004 that proposes to--
                    ``(A) use funds for the purchase of a restricted 
                item for use by a law enforcement agency; or
                    ``(B) provide funds to a law enforcement agency for 
                the purchase of a restricted item.
            ``(2) Appointment.--The Administrator shall appoint 
        individuals with expertise in State, county, or local law 
        enforcement agency functions to assist the Administrator in--
                    ``(A) determining which items are appropriate for 
                inclusion on the law enforcement equipment list; and
                    ``(B) assessing covered grant applications.
            ``(3) Number of individuals.--The Administrator shall 
        appoint as many individuals under paragraph (2) as necessary to 
        ensure that--
                    ``(A) not less that 1 such individual assesses each 
                covered grant application; and
                    ``(B) the involvement of such individuals in the 
                process of assessing covered grant applications does 
                not substantially delay the process.
            ``(4) Managerial experience preferred.--In appointing 
        individuals under paragraph (2), the Administrator shall give 
        preference to individuals with law enforcement managerial 
        experience.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in 
section 1(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-96; 
116 Stat. 2135) is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 2008 the following:

``Sec. 2009. Use of funds by law enforcement.''.

SEC. 1049. MODIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO TRANSFER DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
              PROPERTY FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Restatement and Modification of Current Authority for Transfer 
for State and Local Law Enforcement Activities.--Section 2576a of title 
10, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 2576a. Excess personal property: sale or donation of certain 
              controlled defense items for State or local law 
              enforcement activities
    ``(a) Transfer Authorized.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law and subject to the provisions of this section, the Secretary of 
Defense may transfer to State and local law enforcement agencies for 
law enforcement activities controlled defense items of the Department 
of Defense, including small arms and ammunition, that are determined in 
accordance with subsection (f) to be eligible defense items for 
purposes of this section.
    ``(b) No Transfer of Items Requested by Federal Agencies.--An item 
may not be transferred under this section if requested for transfer by 
a Federal agency under section 2576b of this title.
    ``(c) Conditions for Transfer.--The Secretary of Defense may 
transfer items under this section only if--
            ``(1) the items are drawn from existing stocks of the 
        Department of Defense;
            ``(2) the recipient accepts the items on an as-is, where-is 
        basis;
            ``(3) the transfer is made without the expenditure of any 
        funds available to the Department of Defense for the 
        procurement of defense equipment;
            ``(4) all costs incurred subsequent to the transfer of the 
        items are borne or reimbursed by the recipient; and
            ``(5) the recipient agrees to comply with any inventory, 
        accountability, reporting, and disposal requirements prescribed 
        in the regulations for purposes of this section under 
        subsection (g).
    ``(d) Consideration.--Subject to subsection (c)(4), the Secretary 
of Defense may transfer items under this section without charge to the 
recipient agency.
    ``(e) Assistance for Director of DLA in Discharge of Certain 
Function by Experts in Law Enforcement Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Defense Logistics 
        Agency shall employ in the Defense Logistics Agency individuals 
        with expertise in law enforcement to assist the Director in the 
        discharge of the functions specified in paragraph (2). The 
        Director shall ensure that the number of individuals so 
        employed is sufficient to ensure the timely assessment of 
        applications described in paragraph (2)(A) in order to ensure 
        that no delay occurs in the transfer of eligible defense items 
        under this section by reason of such assessments. The Director 
        shall accord a preference in the employment under this 
        paragraph of individuals with experience in law enforcement 
        management.
            ``(2) Functions.--Individuals employed under this 
        subsection shall assist the Director in the following:
                    ``(A) The assessment of applications of State and 
                local law enforcement agencies for the transfer of 
                eligible defense items in accordance with subsection 
                (j)(3).
                    ``(B) The determination whether controlled defense 
                items that are not eligible for treatment as eligible 
                defense items under this section will be useful in 
                preventing or mitigating damage resulting from an 
                actionable threat to national security for purposes of 
                subsection (h)(1).
    ``(f) Determination and Notice to Public on Eligible Defense 
Items.--
            ``(1) Controlled defense items appropriate for treatment as 
        eligible defense items.--The Secretary of Defense shall, acting 
        through the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, maintain, 
        and periodically update, a list of current controlled defense 
        items that are appropriate for treatment as eligible defense 
        items for purposes of this section.
            ``(2) Determination of controlled defense items as eligible 
        defense items.--The Director shall, in consultation with the 
        task force appointed pursuant to section 4 of the Protecting 
        Communities and Police Act of 2015 and in accordance with the 
        regulations for purposes of this section under subsection (g), 
        identify controlled defense items that are appropriate for 
        treatment as eligible defense items for purposes of this 
        section by identifying controlled defense items that--
                    ``(A) can be readily put to civilian use by State 
                and local law enforcement agencies; and
                    ``(B) are suitable for transfer to State and local 
                law enforcement agencies pursuant to this section.
            ``(3) Availability to public of eligible defense items 
        list.--Upon a determination pursuant to paragraph (2) of 
        controlled defense items to be treated as eligible defense 
        items for purposes of this section, the Director shall make 
        available to the public, on an Internet website of the 
        Department of Defense available to the public, a list of all 
        controlled defense items currently treated as eligible defense 
        items for purposes of this section. The Internet website may be 
        a current website of the Department or a website of the 
        Department established and maintained for purposes of this 
        section.
    ``(g) Requirements and Limitations on Determinations of Controlled 
Defense Items as Eligible Defense Items.--
            ``(1) Regulations.--
                    ``(A) Regulations required.--The determination 
                under subsection (f)(2) whether a controlled defense 
                item is an eligible defense item for purposes of this 
                section shall be made in accordance with criteria and 
                requirements set forth in regulations prescribed by the 
                Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, in 
                consultation with the task force appointed pursuant to 
                section 4 of the Protecting Communities and Police Act 
                of 2015. Public notice and comment shall not be 
                required in connection with any such determination 
                unless otherwise required by such regulations.
                    ``(B) Periodic review required.--The Director 
                shall, in consultation with the task force, review and 
                revise the regulations for purposes of this section not 
                less often than once every five years.
                    ``(C) Manner of prescription.--In prescribing or 
                revising regulations under this paragraph, the Director 
                shall publish a written statement from the task force 
                on the extent of its approval of such regulations as so 
                prescribed or revised.
                    ``(D) Technological advances.--The Director may, in 
                consultation with the task force, update the 
                regulations for purposes of this section without regard 
                to formal rulemaking requirements if necessary to 
                respond to technological advances and the development 
                of new models of items on the list of controlled 
                defense items determined by the Director under 
                subsection (f)(2) to be eligible defense items for 
                purposes of this section. In so updating the 
                regulations, the Director shall publish a written 
                statement on the extent of the approval of the task 
                force of the regulations as so revised.
            ``(2) Authorized elements.--The regulations for purposes of 
        this section may include the following:
                    ``(A) Tiers of eligibility of State or local law 
                enforcement agencies for transfers of eligible defense 
                items based on types of items, need of law enforcement 
                agencies for particular items, size and capabilities of 
                law enforcement agencies, or such other factors as the 
                Director, in consultation with the task force referred 
                to in paragraph (1)(B), may specify in the regulations.
                    ``(B) Restrictions on the numbers or types of 
                eligible defense items that may be transferred to a 
                particular State or local law enforcement agency, 
                within a particular period of time, to law enforcement 
                agencies in a particular region, or such other factors 
                as the Director, in consultation with the task force, 
                may specify in regulations.
                    ``(C) Restrictions on the use of particular 
                eligible defense items by State or local law 
                enforcement agencies based on size, capability, or such 
                other factors the Director, in consultation with the 
                task force, may specify in the regulations.
                    ``(D) Such inventory, accountability, reporting, 
                and disposal requirements regarding eligible defense 
                items transferred under this section as the Director, 
                in consultation with the task force, considers 
                appropriate.
                    ``(E) Requirements for memoranda of understanding 
                or other appropriate agreements in the case of joint 
                use of eligible defense items transferred under this 
                section by more than one State or local law enforcement 
                agency.
            ``(3) Prohibition on treatment of certain items as eligible 
        defense items.--The regulations for purposes of this section 
        shall prohibit the treatment as eligible defense items for 
        purposes of this section of the following:
                    ``(A) Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) 
                vehicles.
                    ``(B) Remotely piloted aircraft that are armored, 
                weaponized, or both.
                    ``(C) Aircraft that are combat configured or combat 
                coded or have no established commercial flight 
                application.
                    ``(D) Bayonets.
                    ``(E) Tasers developed primarily for use by the 
                military.
                    ``(F) Any controlled defense item that cannot be 
                purchased by State or local law enforcement agencies in 
                the private sector.
                    ``(G) Any other controlled defense item determined 
                by the Director to be unsuitable for use by State or 
                local law enforcement agencies.
            ``(4) Approval required before transfer of certain items.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If any item specified in 
                subparagraph (B) is an eligible defense item for 
                purposes of this section, such item may not be 
                transferred under this section without the approval of 
                the Director, in consultation with an individual 
                employed pursuant to subsection (e).
                    ``(B) Items.--The items specified in this 
                subparagraph are the following:
                            ``(i) Weapons over .50 caliber.
                            ``(ii) Grenades, flash bang grenades, 
                        grenade launchers, and grenade launcher 
                        attachments.
                            ``(iii) Tactical military vehicles.
            ``(5) Limitations on transfer of tactical military vehicles 
        to small law enforcement agencies.--The regulations for 
        purposes of this section shall limit the transfer of tactical 
        military vehicles to a State or local law enforcement agency 
        with 10 or fewer sworn law enforcement officers as follows:
                    ``(A) If the law enforcement agency has one or more 
                functioning tactical military vehicles, a tactical 
                military vehicle may not be transferred to the agency.
                    ``(B) If the law enforcement agency does not have a 
                functioning tactical military vehicle, not more than 
                one tactical military vehicle may be transferred to the 
                agency.
                    ``(C) If the law enforcement agency is the 
                designated procurement agency for a multi-
                jurisdictional joint-use agreement, not more than 1 
                tactical military vehicle may be transferred to the 
                agency for every 10 sworn law enforcement officers 
                covered by the joint-use agreement.
            ``(6) Limitation on transfer of camouflage uniforms or 
        clothing.--The regulations for purposes of this section shall 
        prohibit the transfer of camouflage uniforms or clothing to a 
        State or law enforcement agency unless the law enforcement 
        agency certifies that its geographic area of jurisdiction 
        contains environments that may require the use of camouflage 
        uniforms or clothing.
            ``(7) Prohibitions on transfer of items for use by small 
        swat teams.--The regulations for purposes of this section shall 
        prohibit the transfer of eligible defense items under this 
        section for use by any SWAT team as follows:
                    ``(A) A SWAT team composed of fewer than 17 sworn 
                law enforcement officers.
                    ``(B) A SWAT team composed entirely of members from 
                a single State or local law enforcement agency that has 
                fewer than 35 sworn law enforcement officers.
                    ``(C) A SWAT team composed of members from 2 or 
                more State or local law enforcement agencies which 
                agencies have, in aggregate, fewer than 35 sworn law 
                enforcement officers.
            ``(8) Prohibition on transfer of certain items to law 
        enforcement agencies under consent decrees.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The regulations for purposes of 
                this section shall prohibit the transfer of items 
                specified in subparagraph (B) to a State or local law 
                enforcement agency for which a consent decree is in 
                effect between the United States and the law 
                enforcement agency, or that is under investigation by 
                the Department of Justice, relating to civil rights 
                abuses or excessive use of force.
                    ``(B) Items.--The items specified in this 
                subparagraph are the following:
                            ``(i) Weapons.
                            ``(ii) Tactical military vehicles.
            ``(9) Transfer to local education agencies.--
                    ``(A) Prohibition on transfer.--The regulations for 
                purposes of this section shall prohibit the transfer of 
                eligible defense items to any local educational agency 
                or law enforcement agency affiliated with a local 
                educational agency as follows:
                            ``(i) A local educational agency that is 
                        served by a State or local law enforcement 
                        agency that--
                                    ``(I) is unaffiliated with the 
                                local educational agency; and
                                    ``(II) has items or equipment 
                                identical or similar to the eligible 
                                defense items otherwise to be 
                                transferred.
                            ``(ii) A local educational agency that is 
                        served by one or more State or local law 
                        enforcement agencies that are unaffiliated with 
                        the local educational agency if no such serving 
                        agency will agree to store and maintain the 
                        eligible defense items for the local 
                        educational agency.
                    ``(B) Limitation on use of funds.--The regulations 
                for purposes of this section shall provide that a local 
                educational agency transferred an eligible defense item 
                under this section may not use funds of the local 
                educational agency--
                            ``(i) to transport the item to the district 
                        of the local educational agency; or
                            ``(ii) to maintain the item.
            ``(10) Prohibition on requirement for timely use of 
        transferred items.--The regulations for purposes of this 
        section may not require the use of an eligible defense item 
        transferred under this section within one year of the receipt 
        of the item by the State or local law enforcement agency 
        concerned.
    ``(h) National Security Exception for Transfer of Certain 
Controlled Defense Items Not Treatable as Eligible Defense Items.--
            ``(1) Threats to national security.--The regulations for 
        purposes of this section under subsection (g) shall permit the 
        transfer of a controlled defense item that is not treated as an 
        eligible defense item for purposes of this section if--
                    ``(A) there is an actionable threat to national 
                security; and
                    ``(B) the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, 
                in consultation with individuals employed pursuant to 
                subsection (e), determines that the item will be useful 
                in preventing or mitigating damage resulting from the 
                threat described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Update to list.--If an actionable threat to national 
        security justifies the transfer of a controlled defense item 
        under this subsection, the Director shall revise the 
        regulations for purposes of this section to treat the 
        controlled defense item as an eligible defense item for 
        purposes of this section as soon as practicable. A transfer of 
        a controlled defense item may occur in accordance with 
        paragraph (1) regardless of whether the update to the 
        regulations for purposes of this section has been made under 
        this paragraph at the time of transfer.
            ``(3) Applicability of other requirements.--If an 
        actionable threat to national security justifies the transfer 
        of a controlled defense item under this subsection, any 
        requirements, prohibitions, and limitations otherwise 
        applicable to the transfer of the item as an eligible defense 
        item under this section shall not apply to the transfer of the 
        item under this subsection.
            ``(4) Disposition of items after threat.--Upon the 
        cessation of the threat to national security for which a 
        controlled defense item is transferred under this subsection, 
        the State or local law enforcement agency receiving the item 
        shall--
                    ``(A) arrange for the storage of the item with the 
                National Guard of the State concerned; or
                    ``(B) if arrangements under subparagraph (A) cannot 
                be made, transfer the item to the Director.
    ``(i) Notice to Law Enforcement Agencies on Available Stocks of 
Eligible Defense Items.--
            ``(1) DLA review and notice on dod stocks.--The Director of 
        the Defense Logistics Agency shall periodically review the 
        existing stocks of the Department of Defense in order to 
        identify the type and quantity, if any, of surplus stocks of 
        the Department of items that are currently treated as eligible 
        defense items for purposes of this section.
            ``(2) Notice to law enforcement agencies on available 
        stocks of items.--The Director shall make information on the 
        results of reviews under paragraph (1) available to the public 
        on the Internet website of the Department referred to in 
        subsection (f)(3).
    ``(j) Mechanisms of Transfer of Eligible Defense Items to Law 
Enforcement Agencies.--
            ``(1) Application.--A State or local law enforcement agency 
        seeking transfer of eligible defense items pursuant to this 
        section shall submit an application therefore to the State 
        Coordinator for the State in which the law enforcement agency 
        is located. The application shall include a statement of the 
        need of the agency for the items and the information specified 
        in subsection (l).
            ``(2) State coordinator review.--A State Coordinator shall 
        review, and approve or disapprove, each application submitted 
        to the State Coordinator under paragraph (1). In determining 
        whether to approve or disapprove an application, a State 
        Coordinator shall apply all criteria applicable to the 
        application in the regulations for purposes of this section 
        under subsection (g). A State Coordinator shall transmit each 
        such application, whether approved or disapproved, to the 
        Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, together with the 
        information specified in subsection (l).
            ``(3) Director of dla review of approved applications.--The 
        Director shall review, and approve or disapprove, each 
        application transmitted to the Director pursuant to paragraph 
        (2) that is approved by a State Coordinator under that 
        paragraph. As part of the review of each application, the 
        Director shall obtain an assessment of such application by an 
        individual employed pursuant to subsection (e).
            ``(4) Discharge of transfer.--The Director and the State 
        Coordinator concerned shall jointly carry out the transfer of 
        eligible defense items covered by applications approved by the 
        Director under this subsection.
    ``(k) Public Notice on Requests for Transfers.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        State or local law enforcement agency requesting transfer of an 
        eligible defense item under this section, including pursuant to 
        interagency transfer under subsection (r), shall--
                    ``(A) publish notice to the public on such request, 
                including the information specified in subsection (l) 
                (other than paragraphs (7), (11), (12), and (16) of 
                that subsection, and with any personally identifiable 
                information otherwise required by paragraphs (17) and 
                (18) of that subsection redacted) if such information 
                is not otherwise available to the public; and
                    ``(B) obtain approval of the request by the State 
                or political subdivision of a State of which the law 
                enforcement agency is an agency.
            ``(2) Exception.--
                    ``(A) Items for undercover operations.--A State or 
                local law enforcement agency requesting transfer of an 
                eligible defense item is not required to comply with 
                paragraph (1) if the item requested is for an active 
                undercover operation.
                    ``(B) Alternative notice requirement.--A State or 
                local law enforcement agency receiving an item under 
                this section pursuant to a request covered by 
                subparagraph (A) shall publish public notice of the 
                request not later than 10 business days after the 
                conclusion of the undercover operation for which the 
                item was requested.
    ``(l) Information in Support of Applications.--The application of a 
State or local law enforcement agency for the transfer of eligible 
defense items under subsection (j)(1), and the transmittal of the State 
Coordinator concerned to the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency 
with respect to the application pursuant to subsection (j)(2), shall 
include with the application a statement of the need of the law 
enforcement agency for the items as described in subsection (j)(1), 
which shall include the following:
            ``(1) The type and amount of each item being requested.
            ``(2) The name of the law enforcement agency.
            ``(3) The number of sworn law enforcement officers of the 
        law enforcement agency.
            ``(4) The number, if any, of items similar to the items 
        being requested that the law enforcement agency has in good 
        working condition.
            ``(5) The amount and type of items, if any, that the law 
        enforcement agency has that were purchased using funds from--
                    ``(A) the Urban Area Security Initiative authorized 
                under section 2003 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 
                (6 U.S.C. 604);
                    ``(B) the State Homeland Security Grant Program 
                authorized under section 2004 of the Homeland Security 
                Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 605); or
                    ``(C) the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance 
                Grant Program under subpart 1 of part E of title I of 
                the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
                (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.).
            ``(6) The use of force policy of the law enforcement 
        agency.
            ``(7) Whether the law enforcement agency intends for SWAT 
        teams to use the requested items, and, if so, the deployment 
        policies of the law enforcement agency for SWAT teams.
            ``(8) Whether the law enforcement agency has or plans to 
        adopt a memorandum of understanding or other joint use 
        agreement for the shared use of the requested items with any 
        other law enforcement agency.
            ``(9) The capability gap to be filled by the items 
        requested, and a description of the proposed use of the items 
        by the law enforcement agency.
            ``(10) Whether a consent decree is in effect between the 
        United States and the law enforcement agency relating to civil 
        rights abuses or excessive use of force.
            ``(11) Whether the law enforcement agency is currently 
        under investigation, or has been under investigation in the 
        last 10 years, by the Department of Justice, an inspector 
        general, or any equivalent State or local entity for civil 
        rights abuses or excessive use of force.
            ``(12) Whether the chief of police of the law enforcement 
        agency has ever been determined by the Department of Justice, 
        an inspector general, or any equivalent State or local entity 
        to have engaged in civil rights abuses or excessive use of 
        force.
            ``(13) Whether the law enforcement agency requested funds 
        from a regional, State, or local political entity to purchase 
        the requested items, and--
                    ``(A) if so and the request was denied, a statement 
                of the reason or reasons for such denial; or
                    ``(B) if not, a statement of the reason or reasons 
                the law enforcement agency did not.
            ``(14) Such other information on the recent record of the 
        law enforcement agency regarding civil rights and the excessive 
        use of force as the Director shall specify in the regulations 
        for purposes of this section.
            ``(15) An executed maintenance requirement release 
        acknowledging that the law enforcement agency understands and 
        accepts responsibility for all costs associated with the upkeep 
        of the items.
            ``(16) Detailed documentation on the manner in which the 
        law enforcement agency will provide for the storage and 
        security of the items.
            ``(17) A description of the policies and procedures of the 
        law enforcement agency for use of the items, including who will 
        have authority over the use of the items and an organizational 
        chart, and the names and titles of agency members, who will 
        have charge of the items.
            ``(18) Documentation showing that the members identified 
        pursuant to paragraph (17) as in charge of items have been 
        trained in the use and deployment of such items within the past 
        five years, or identifying specific training such members 
        identified shall participate not later than 90 days after 
        receipt of the items.
            ``(19) Certification that any eligible defense items 
        transferred under this section for use by a SWAT team have not 
        been used, and will not be used, by a SWAT team engaging in 
        routine patrol-related incidents, non-tactical incidents, and 
        non-tactical assignments.
            ``(20) Such other information on the law enforcement 
        agency, and the application of the law enforcement agency, as 
        the Director shall specify in the regulations for purposes of 
        this section.
    ``(m) Requirements in Connection With Use of Eligible Defense Items 
by SWAT Teams.--
            ``(1) SWAT team training records.--Eligible defense items 
        may not be transferred to a State or local law enforcement 
        agency under this section for use by a SWAT team unless the law 
        enforcement agency requesting such items certifies to the 
        Director of the Defense Logistics Agency that the law 
        enforcement agency makes available to the public the training 
        records of the SWAT team, including the course outlines of such 
        training (except that any personally identifiable information, 
        and all but the title and subject of such training, may be 
        redacted). The Attorney General shall issue, and may from time 
        to time update, nonbinding guidelines on such policies.
            ``(2) Video recording of deployments.--Eligible defense 
        items may not be transferred to a State or local law 
        enforcement agency under this section for use by a SWAT team 
        unless the law enforcement agency requesting such items 
        certifies to the Director that a video recording shall be made 
        of each SWAT team deployment involving the use of such items. 
        Any video recording secured under this paragraph involving the 
        use of force (whether deadly or otherwise) shall be retained by 
        the law enforcement agency for a period not shorter than the 
        period of limitation in the State concerned for actions for 
        civil rights violations under section 1979 of the Revised 
        Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983).
    ``(n) Policies on Use of Video Recording Equipment and Recording.--
            ``(1) In general.--Video recording equipment (including 
        body cameras) may not be transferred to a State or local law 
        enforcement agency under this section unless the law 
        enforcement agency requesting such equipment certifies to the 
        Director of the Defense Logistics Agency that the law 
        enforcement agency has in place, and makes available to the 
        public, policies on the use of such equipment by law 
        enforcement officers, and on securing video recordings of 
        operations of law enforcement officers using video equipment, 
        that meets the requirements specified in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Policy requirements.--The requirements specified in 
        this paragraph for policies described in paragraph (1) are the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Policies on the appropriate use of video 
                recording equipment, including whether such equipment 
                should be left on at all times.
                    ``(B) Mechanisms to preserve, to the extent 
                practicable, the integrity and security of video 
                recordings, including a description of the personnel of 
                the law enforcement agency, and other parties, who are 
                authorized to access the recordings, mechanisms for the 
                storage of recordings, and measures to ensure the 
                cybersecurity of such recordings (if applicable to the 
                storage, retention, and retrieval of such recordings).
                    ``(C) Policies on the authorized and unauthorized 
                public release of video recordings.
                    ``(D) A requirement that any video recording of an 
                interaction between a law enforcement officer and an 
                individual who is not a law enforcement officer 
                involving the use of force (whether deadly or 
                otherwise) shall retained by the law enforcement agency 
                for a period not shorter than the period of limitation 
                in the State concerned for actions for civil rights 
                violations under section 1979 of the Revised Statutes 
                (42 U.S.C. 1983).
    ``(o) State Certification of Instructors in Training on Use of 
Force and Certain Items.--
            ``(1) Certification of instructors in training required.--
        On and after the date that is three years after the date of the 
        enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015 
        eligible defense items may not be transferred to a State or 
        local law enforcement agency of a State under this section 
        unless the Governor of the State (or the designee of the 
        Governor) certifies to the Director of the Defense Logistics 
        Agency that the State conducts a program for certifying police 
        instructors in the provision of training on the use of force, 
        and in the use of eligible defense items and special justice 
        items, that meets the requirements specified in paragraph (2). 
        Any instructor certified under a program conducted under 
        section 2010 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 shall be 
        considered certified as a police instructor in any State for 
        purposes of this subsection.
            ``(2) Program requirements.--The requirements specified in 
        this paragraph for a program described in paragraph (1) are the 
        following:
                    ``(A) The program shall include instruction in 
                training on the following:
                            ``(i) The use of force by State and local 
                        law enforcement officers in the ordinary course 
                        of their duties.
                            ``(ii) The use of eligible defense items 
                        and special justice items by State and local 
                        law enforcement officers in the ordinary course 
                        of their duties.
                            ``(iii) The use of eligible defense items 
                        and special justice items by SWAT teams.
                            ``(iv) The appropriate deployment of SWAT 
                        teams.
                            ``(v) Civil rights and civil liberties.
                            ``(vi) Any other matters on the training of 
                        State and local law enforcement officers that 
                        the Governor of the State (or the designee of 
                        the Governor) considers appropriate.
                    ``(B) A list of the instructors who are certified 
                pursuant to the program shall be maintained and 
                published.
            ``(3) Discharge through existing programs.--A State may 
        satisfy the requirement in paragraph (1) using a program in 
        effect on the date that is three years after the date of the 
        enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015 
        if such program satisfies the requirements in paragraph (2).
    ``(p) Training Requirements.--
            ``(1) Minimum annual training requirements for law 
        enforcement officers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On and after the date that is 
                three years after the date of the enactment of the 
                Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015, eligible 
                defense items may not be transferred to a State or 
                local law enforcement agency under this section unless 
                the Governor of the State (or the designee of the 
                Governor) certifies to the Director of the Defense 
                Logistics Agency that the State has in place minimum 
                annual training requirements for all sworn law 
                enforcement officers in the State, including--
                            ``(i) specialized leadership training 
                        requirements for heads of law enforcement 
                        agencies who have--
                                    ``(I) decisionmaking authority on 
                                the deployment of SWAT teams and 
                                tactical military vehicles; or
                                    ``(II) responsibility for drafting 
                                policies on the use of force and SWAT 
                                team deployment;
                            ``(ii) specialized SWAT team training 
                        requirements for all SWAT team members, 
                        including in law enforcement tactics used in 
                        tactical operations;
                            ``(iii) training in the appropriate use and 
                        deployment of tactical military vehicles; and
                            ``(iv) training on sensitivity, including 
                        training on ethnic and racial bias, cultural 
                        diversity, and police interaction with the 
                        disabled, mentally ill, and new immigrants.
                    ``(B) Satisfaction by recent hirees.--The 
                requirements under subparagraph (A) shall provide for 
                the first completion of the training concerned by an 
                individual who becomes an officer in a law enforcement 
                agency by not later than one year after the date on 
                which the individual becomes an officer in the law 
                enforcement agency.
            ``(2) State coordinators.--On and after the date that is 
        three years after the date of the enactment of the Protecting 
        Communities and Police Act of 2015, eligible defense items may 
        not be transferred to a State or local law enforcement agency 
        of a State under this section unless the Governor of the State 
        (or the designee of the Governor) certifies to the Director of 
        the Defense Logistics Agency that the individual who serves as 
        a State Coordinator in the State receives on an annual basis 
        training in the following:
                    ``(A) Inventory management.
                    ``(B) The assessment of the needs of State and 
                local law enforcement agencies for eligible defense 
                items.
            ``(3) Use of eligible defense items.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On and after the date that is 
                three years after the date of the enactment of the 
                Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015, eligible 
                defense items may not be transferred to a State or 
                local law enforcement agency under this section unless 
                the head of the law enforcement agency requesting such 
                items certifies to the Director that any law 
                enforcement officer who is authorized to use such items 
                will have received training on the proper law 
                enforcement use of such items by an instructor 
                certified as described in subsection (o) or section 
                2010 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.
                    ``(B) Satisfaction by recent hirees.--Training 
                required by subparagraph (A) shall be completed by an 
                individual who becomes a member of a State or local law 
                enforcement agency by not later than one year after the 
                date on which the individual becomes a member of the 
                law enforcement agency.
            ``(4) SWAT teams.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On and after the date that is 
                three years after the date of the enactment of the 
                Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015, eligible 
                defense items may not be transferred to a State or 
                local law enforcement agency under this section for use 
                by a SWAT team unless the head of the law enforcement 
                agency requesting such items certifies to the Director 
                that any law enforcement officer who is a member of 
                such SWAT team will have participated during the 
                preceding year in tactical SWAT team training by an 
                instructor certified as described in subsection (o) or 
                section 2010 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 and 
                training required pursuant to paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Satisfaction by recent hirees.--Training 
                required by subparagraph (A) shall be completed by an 
                individual who becomes a member of a SWAT team by not 
                later than one year after the date on which the 
                individual becomes a member of the SWAT team.
    ``(q) Whistleblower and Independent Oversight Requirements.--
            ``(1) Whistleblower requirements.--On and after the date 
        that is three years after the date of the enactment of the 
        Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015, eligible defense 
        items may not be transferred to a State or local law 
        enforcement agency of a State under this section unless the 
        Governor of the State (or the designee of the Governor) 
        certifies to the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency that 
        the State--
                    ``(A) has in place--
                            ``(i) a program, including a public 
                        complaint hotline, that provides individuals 
                        the ability to disclose any waste, fraud, or 
                        abuse in connection with the use of such items; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) mechanisms (commonly referred to as 
                        `whistleblower protections') to protect 
                        individuals who make a disclosure described in 
                        clause (i) from retaliatory or other adverse 
                        personnel actions in connection with such 
                        disclosures; and
                    ``(B) publicizes the existence of the program and 
                whistleblower protections described in subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(2) Certification of oversight and accountability.--
                    ``(A) Certification required.--Eligible defense 
                items may not be transferred to a State or local law 
                enforcement agency under this section unless the head 
                of the law enforcement agency requesting such items 
                submits to the Director a written certification (in the 
                form of a memorandum of understanding, memorandum of 
                agreement, or letterhead correspondence) that an entity 
                that is unaffiliated with the law enforcement agency is 
                authorized--
                            ``(i) to receive any complaints regarding 
                        the use of any equipment and funds of the law 
                        enforcement agency;
                            ``(ii) to periodically review and assess 
                        the use of such equipment and funds by the law 
                        enforcement agency; and
                            ``(iii) to make recommendations to the law 
                        enforcement agency regarding the use of such 
                        equipment and funds by the law enforcement 
                        agency that are either--
                                    ``(I) non-binding in character; or
                                    ``(II) binding in character, if 
                                authorized by a law or ordinance 
                                governing the law enforcement agency or 
                                the entity or by an agreement between 
                                the governing body of the law 
                                enforcement agency and organizations 
                                representing law enforcement officers 
                                of the law enforcement agency.
                    ``(B) Discharge through existing entities.--A law 
                enforcement agency may satisfy the requirement in 
                subparagraph (A) through an entity that exists as of 
                the date of the enactment of the Protecting Communities 
                and Police Act of 2015, including an independent review 
                board, a Federal, State, or local inspector general, a 
                Federal, State, county, or city attorney general, a 
                district attorney, the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
                or another Federal agency, a State agency, a State or 
                local governing body (such as a city council or county 
                commission), a law enforcement council, or an 
                independent entity established by one or more such 
                officials, agencies, or entities on behalf of one or 
                more law enforcement agencies.
    ``(r) Interagency Transfer.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), a State or 
        local law enforcement agency may transfer an eligible defense 
        item transferred to the law enforcement agency under this 
        section to another State or local law enforcement agency.
            ``(2) Approval required.--An eligible defense item may not 
        be transferred by a State or local law enforcement agency to 
        another law enforcement agency under this subsection without 
        the approval of the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency 
        (or the designee of the Director). A law enforcement agency 
        seeking the approval of the Director for the transfer of an 
        item pursuant to this paragraph shall submit to the Director an 
        application therefor in such form and manner as the Director 
        shall specify in the regulations for purposes of this section 
        under subsection (g).
    ``(s) Suspension and Termination.--
            ``(1) For lost or stolen items.--In the event an item 
        transferred to a State or local law enforcement agency under 
        this section is lost, stolen, or misappropriated--
                    ``(A) in the case of an offensive weapon or 
                ordnance--
                            ``(i) on the first occurrence in the case 
                        of the law enforcement agency, the Director of 
                        the Defense Logistics Agency, after providing 
                        the law enforcement agency with notice and the 
                        opportunity to contest the allegation, shall 
                        suspend the law enforcement agency from 
                        eligibility for receipt of items under this 
                        section for a period of 6 months; and
                            ``(ii) on any subsequent occurrence in the 
                        case of the law enforcement agency, the 
                        Director, after providing the law enforcement 
                        agency with notice and the opportunity to 
                        contest the allegation, shall suspend the law 
                        enforcement agency from eligibility for receipt 
                        of items under this section for a period of 
                        five years; and
                    ``(B) in the case of any other item--
                            ``(i) on the third occurrence in the case 
                        of the law enforcement agency, the Director, 
                        after providing the law enforcement agency with 
                        notice and the opportunity to contest the 
                        allegation, shall suspend the law enforcement 
                        agency from eligibility for receipt of items 
                        under this section for a period of 6 months; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) on any subsequent occurrence in the 
                        case of the law enforcement agency, the 
                        Director, after providing the law enforcement 
                        agency with notice and the opportunity to 
                        contest the allegation, shall suspend the law 
                        enforcement agency from eligibility for receipt 
                        of items under this section for a period of 
                        three years.
            ``(2) Intentional falsification of information.--In the 
        event a State or local law enforcement agency is determined by 
        the Director (or the designee of the Director) to have 
        intentionally falsified any information in requesting or 
        applying for items under this section, the Director, after 
        providing the law enforcement agency with notice and the 
        opportunity to contest the determination, shall terminate the 
        law enforcement agency from eligibility for receipt of items 
        under this section.
    ``(t) Report Requirements.--
            ``(1) State and local law enforcement agencies report 
        requirements.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
        enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act of 2015 
        and every year thereafter, each State or local law enforcement 
        agency that receives eligible defense items under this section 
        shall submit to the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency a 
        report setting forth an accounting of such items. Each report 
        of an agency shall include the following:
                    ``(A) For weapons, tactical vehicles, aircraft, and 
                boats, time-stamped serial numbers of the items.
                    ``(B) Such information on the status and use of 
                such items as the Secretary of Defense requires in 
                order to make the reports required by paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Secretary of defense report requirements.--Not later 
        than one year after Protecting Communities and Police Act of 
        2015, once a year for every four years thereafter, and once 
        every three years thereafter after such five years, the 
        Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Attorney General, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security, and Congress, and make 
        available to the public, a comprehensive report on the use 
        during the preceding year of eligible defense items transferred 
        under this section. Each report shall include the following:
                    ``(A) A description of all eligible defense items 
                transferred under this section during the year covered 
                by such report, including an appendix setting forth a 
                plain English description or manufacturer make, model 
                number, and name of each item transferred, the quantity 
                of each item transferred, the recipient of each item, 
                and a brief explanation of the need for each item by 
                the recipient.
                    ``(B) A statement of the items described in 
                subparagraph (A) that were in new or like-new condition 
                at the time of transfer.
                    ``(C) For each type of eligible defense item 
                transferred under this section during the year covered 
                by such report, the quantity, if any, of the same or a 
                similar item purchased by the Department of Defense 
                during the prior fiscal year.
                    ``(D) The number of requests for transfer of 
                eligible defense items during the year covered by such 
                report that were approved by State Coordinators and the 
                Director of the Defense Logistics Agency.
                    ``(E) The number of requests for transfer of 
                eligible defense items during the year covered by such 
                report that were approved by State Coordinators but 
                denied by the Director, and, for each such request, a 
                statement of the type of item requested and the reason 
                or reasons for the denial.
                    ``(F) The number of requests for transfer of 
                eligible defense items during the year covered by such 
                report that were denied by State Coordinators, and, for 
                each such request, a statement of the type of item 
                requested and the reason or reasons for the denial.
    ``(u) Construction With Other DLA Authority.--Nothing in this 
section shall be construed to override, alter, or supersede the 
authority of the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency to dispose of 
property of the Department of Defense that is not a controlled defense 
item to law enforcement agencies under another other provision of law.
    ``(v) Non-Controlled Defense Items to Law Enforcement Agencies.--
Notwithstanding any provision of chapter 5 of title 40 or any other 
provision of law, the Administrator of General Services shall accord a 
priority in the disposal of excess and surplus items and equipment of 
the Department of Defense that are not controlled defense items to law 
enforcement agencies.
    ``(w) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) The term `controlled defense item' means property of 
        the Department of Defense that is subject to the restrictions 
        of the United States Munitions List (22 Code of Federal 
        Regulations Part 121) or the Commerce Control List (15 Code of 
        Federal Regulations Part 774).
            ``(2) The term `eligible defense item' means a controlled 
        defense item that is eligible for transfer to a law enforcement 
        agency pursuant to this section.
            ``(3) The term `law enforcement council' means a consortium 
        of law enforcement agencies operating in a partnership within a 
        region to promote and enhance public safety.
            ``(4) The term `local educational agency' has the meaning 
        given that term in section 8013(9) of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7713(9)).
            ``(5) The term `special justice item' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 509(a) of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
        Safe Streets Act of 1968.
            ``(6) The term `State Coordinator' means an individual 
        appointed by the Governor of a State--
                    ``(A) to manage requests of State and local law 
                enforcement agencies of the State for eligible defense 
                items; and
                    ``(B) to ensure the appropriate use of eligible 
                defense items transferred under this section by such 
                law enforcement agencies.
            ``(7) The term `State or local law enforcement agency' 
        means a State or local agency or entity with law enforcement 
        officers that have arrest and apprehension authority and whose 
        primary function is to enforce the laws. The term includes a 
        local educational agency with such officers. The term does not 
        include a firefighting agency or entity.
            ``(8) The term `SWAT team' means a Special Weapons and 
        Tactics team or other specialized tactical team composed of 
        State or local sworn law enforcement officers.
            ``(9) The term `tactical military vehicle' means an armored 
        vehicle having military characteristics resulting from military 
        research and development processes, designed primarily for use 
        by forces in the field in direction connection with, or support 
        of, combat or tactical operations.''.
    (b) Limitations on Transfer of Certain Items Pending Achievement of 
Certain Program Milestones.--
            (1) Limitation pending employment of law enforcement 
        experts in dla.--No item described in paragraph (4) may be 
        transferred under section 2576a of title 10, United States Code 
        (as amended by subsection (a)), until the employment in the 
        Defense Logistics Agency of law enforcement experts required by 
        subsection (e) of such section.
            (2) Delayed limitation pending appointment of task force.--
        Effective as of the date that is one year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, no item described in paragraph (4) may 
        be transferred under section 2576a of title 10, United States 
        Code (as so amended), until the appointment of the task force 
        required by section 4 of this Act.
            (3) Delayed limitation pending publication of list of 
        eligible defense items.--Effective as of the date that is two 
        years after the date of the enactment of this Act, no item 
        described in paragraph (4) may be transferred under section 
        2576a of title 10, United States Code (as so amended), until 
        the publication under subsection (f)(3) of such section of the 
        items determined to be eligible defense items for purposes of 
        such section.
            (4) Covered items.--An item described in this paragraph is 
        the following:
                    (A) A controlled defense item.
                    (B) An eligible defense item.
                    (C) An item specified in section 2576a(g)(4)(B) of 
                title 10, United States Code (as so amended).
            (5) Definitions.--In this subsection, the terms 
        ``controlled defense item'' and ``eligible defense item'' have 
        the meaning given such terms in section 2576a(w) of title 10, 
        United States Code (as so amended).
    (c) Restatement and Modification of Current Authority for Transfer 
for Federal Law Enforcement Activities.--Chapter 153 of title 10, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 2576b as section 2576d; and
            (2) by inserting after section 2576a (as amended by 
        subsection (a)) the following new sections:
``Sec. 2576b. Excess personal property: sale or donation of certain 
              non-controlled defense items for State or local law 
              enforcement activities
    ``(a) Transfer Authorized.--(1) Notwithstanding any other provision 
of law and subject to subsection (b), the Secretary of Defense may 
transfer to State agencies personal property of the Department of 
Defense that the Secretary determines is--
            ``(A) not a controlled defense item, an eligible defense 
        item, or an item specified in section 2576a(g)(4)(B) of this 
        title;
            ``(B) suitable for use by State agencies in law enforcement 
        activities, including counter-drug and counter-terrorism 
        activities; and
            ``(C) excess to the needs of the Department of Defense.
    ``(2) The Secretary shall carry out this section in consultation 
with the Attorney General and the Director of National Drug Control 
Policy.
    ``(b) Conditions for Transfer.--The Secretary of Defense may 
transfer personal property under this section only if--
            ``(1) the property is drawn from existing stocks of the 
        Department of Defense;
            ``(2) the recipient accepts the property on an as-is, 
        where-is basis;
            ``(3) the transfer is made without the expenditure of any 
        funds available to the Department of Defense for the 
        procurement of defense equipment; and
            ``(4) all costs incurred subsequent to the transfer of the 
        property are borne or reimbursed by the recipient.
    ``(c) Consideration.--Subject to subsection (b)(4), the Secretary 
may transfer personal property under this section without charge to the 
recipient agency.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section, the terms `controlled defense 
item' and `eligible defense item' have the meaning given such terms in 
section 2576a(w) of this title.
``Sec. 2576c. Excess personal property: sale or donation for Federal 
              law enforcement activities
    ``(a) Transfer Authorized.--(1) Notwithstanding any other provision 
of law and subject to subsection (b), the Secretary of Defense may 
transfer to Federal agencies personal property of the Department of 
Defense, including small arms and ammunition, that the Secretary 
determines is--
            ``(A) suitable for use by the agencies in law enforcement 
        activities, including counter-drug and counter-terrorism 
        activities; and
            ``(B) excess to the needs of the Department of Defense.
    ``(2) The Secretary shall carry out this section in consultation 
with the Attorney General and the Director of National Drug Control 
Policy.
    ``(b) Conditions for Transfer.--The Secretary of Defense may 
transfer personal property under this section only if--
            ``(1) the property is drawn from existing stocks of the 
        Department of Defense;
            ``(2) the recipient accepts the property on an as-is, 
        where-is basis;
            ``(3) the transfer is made without the expenditure of any 
        funds available to the Department of Defense for the 
        procurement of defense equipment; and
            ``(4) all costs incurred subsequent to the transfer of the 
        property are borne or reimbursed by the recipient.
    ``(c) Consideration.--Subject to subsection (b)(4), the Secretary 
may transfer personal property under this section without charge to the 
recipient agency.''.
    (d) Clerical Amendments.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 153 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by striking the 
items relating to sections 2576a and 2576b and inserting the following 
new items:

``2576a. Excess personal property: sale or donation of certain 
                            controlled defense items for State or local 
                            law enforcement activities.
``2576b. Excess personal property: sale or donation of certain non-
                            controlled defense items for State or local 
                            law enforcement activities.
``2576c. Excess personal property: sale or donation for Federal law 
                            enforcement activities.
``2576d. Excess personal property: sale or donation to assist 
                            firefighting agencies.''.
    (e) CJCS Duty To Ensure Federal Agency Responsibility for 
Transferred Property.--Section 153(a) of title 10, United States Code, 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new 
        paragraph (6):
            ``(6) Transfers of dod property for federal law enforcement 
        activities.--Ensuring that Federal agencies to which property 
        of the Department of Defense is transferred pursuant to section 
        2576c of this title accept responsibility for inventory, 
        management, accountability, and disposal of such property.''.

SEC. 1050. EDWARD BYRNE MEMORIAL JUSTICE ASSISTANCE GRANTS.

    (a) Use of Funds by Law Enforcement.--Subpart 1 of part E of title 
I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
3750 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 509. USE OF FUNDS BY LAW ENFORCEMENT.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `covered funds' means funds provided under 
        this subpart;
            ``(2) the term `law enforcement agency'--
                    ``(A) means an agency or entity with law 
                enforcement officers--
                            ``(i) who have arrest and apprehension 
                        authority; and
                            ``(ii) whose primary function is to enforce 
                        the laws;
                    ``(B) includes a local educational agency with 
                officers described in subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) does not include a firefighting agency or 
                entity;
            ``(3) the term `local educational agency' has the meaning 
        given that term in section 8013(9) of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7713(9));
            ``(4) the term `prohibited item' means an item that the 
        Attorney General determines under subsection (b)(1) may not be 
        purchased by a law enforcement agency using covered funds;
            ``(5) the term `special justice item' means an item that 
        the Attorney General determines under subsection (b)(1) is not 
        generally issued to a law enforcement patrol officer but is 
        suitable for certain uses by law enforcement officers in 
        engagements with individuals who are not law enforcement 
        officers;
            ``(6) the term `SWAT team' means a Special Weapons and 
        Tactics team or other specialized tactical team composed of 
        sworn law enforcement officers; and
            ``(7) the term `tactical military vehicle' means an armored 
        vehicle having military characteristics resulting from military 
        research and development processes, designed primarily for use 
        by forces in the field in direct connection with, or support 
        of, combat or tactical operations.
    ``(b) Purchase of Certain Items by Law Enforcement.--
            ``(1) Lists of prohibited items and special justice 
        items.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Attorney General, in 
                consultation with the task force appointed under 
                section 4 of the Protecting Communities and Police Act 
                of 2015, shall--
                            ``(i) not later than 3 years after the date 
                        of enactment of the Protecting Communities and 
                        Police Act of 2015, create--
                                    ``(I) a list of prohibited items; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) a list of special justice 
                                items; and
                            ``(ii) review and revise each list created 
                        under clause (i) not less often than once every 
                        5 years.
                    ``(B) Specific items.--The Attorney General shall 
                place each of the following items on the list of 
                prohibited items or the list of special justice items:
                            ``(i) Weapons over .50 caliber.
                            ``(ii) Tactical military vehicles.
                            ``(iii) Other tactical military equipment.
                            ``(iv) Tactical law enforcement ballistic 
                        protection equipment other than ballistic 
                        vests, including ballistic helmets, ballistic 
                        shields, battle dress uniforms, and camouflage 
                        uniforms and clothing.
                            ``(v) Grenades, flash bang grenades, 
                        grenade launchers, and grenade launcher 
                        attachments.
                    ``(C) Publication.--The Attorney General shall 
                publish each list created under subparagraph (A) on the 
                website of the Department of Justice and in the Federal 
                Register.
            ``(2) Prohibited items.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), a law enforcement agency may not use 
                covered funds to purchase a prohibited item or receive 
                a prohibited item that was purchased using covered 
                funds.
                    ``(B) Exception.--
                            ``(i) Threats to national security.--A law 
                        enforcement agency may purchase a prohibited 
                        item using covered funds, or receive a 
                        prohibited item that was purchased using 
                        covered funds, if--
                                    ``(I) the Attorney General 
                                determines that the prohibited item 
                                will be useful in preventing or 
                                mitigating damage resulting from a 
                                threat to national security;
                                    ``(II) the law enforcement agency 
                                has in place an agreement with the 
                                National Guard of the State in which 
                                the law enforcement agency is located 
                                for the storage of the restricted item 
                                at a National Guard site; and
                                    ``(III) the law enforcement 
                                provides a copy of the agreement 
                                described in subclause (II) to the 
                                Attorney General.
                            ``(ii) Update to list.--If a threat to 
                        national security justifies the purchase of a 
                        prohibited item under clause (i), the Attorney 
                        General shall publish an updated list of 
                        prohibited items or special justice items, as 
                        appropriate, under paragraph (1)(C) as soon as 
                        practicable.
            ``(3) Authority to prescribe regulations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Attorney General may 
                prescribe regulations that place restrictions and 
                limitations on special justice items that may be 
                purchased by law enforcement agencies using covered 
                funds, based on the appropriateness of the use of the 
                items in law enforcement activities.
                    ``(B) Authorized elements.--The regulations 
                prescribed by the Attorney General under subparagraph 
                (A) may include the following:
                            ``(i) Tiers of eligibility of law 
                        enforcement agencies to purchase special 
                        justice items using covered funds based on need 
                        of law enforcement agencies for particular 
                        items, size and capabilities of law enforcement 
                        agencies, or such other factors as the Attorney 
                        General may specify in the regulations.
                            ``(ii) Restrictions on the numbers or types 
                        of special justice items that may be purchased 
                        by a particular law enforcement agency using 
                        covered funds, within a particular period of 
                        time, to law enforcement agencies in a 
                        particular region, or such other factors as the 
                        Attorney General may specify in regulations.
                            ``(iii) Restrictions on the use of 
                        particular special justice items by law 
                        enforcement agencies purchased using covered 
                        funds based on size, capability, or such other 
                        factors the Attorney General may specify in the 
                        regulations.
                            ``(iv) Requirements for memoranda of 
                        understanding or other appropriate agreements 
                        in the case of joint use of special justice 
                        items, purchased using covered funds, by more 
                        than 1 law enforcement agency.
    ``(c) Other Restrictions and Limitations on Use of Covered Funds.--
            ``(1) Purchase of special justice items using covered 
        funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A law enforcement agency may not 
                receive or use covered funds to purchase a special 
                justice item unless the law enforcement agency--
                            ``(i) except as provided in subparagraph 
                        (B), publishes a needs justification 
                        statement--
                                    ``(I) on its website, on the 
                                website of its governing body, or in a 
                                manner and location in which the needs 
                                justification statement can be easily 
                                viewed by the residents in the area in 
                                which the law enforcement agency has 
                                jurisdiction;
                                    ``(II) that, except as provided in 
                                subclause (III), includes the 
                                information required under subparagraph 
                                (C); and
                                    ``(III) from which the law 
                                enforcement agency may redact--
                                            ``(aa) the information 
                                        required under clause (x) or 
                                        (xi) of subparagraph (C); and
                                            ``(bb) with respect to the 
                                        training records required under 
                                        clause (vi), any personally 
                                        identifiable information and 
                                        all but the title and subject 
                                        of such training courses;
                            ``(ii) obtains the approval of the head of 
                        the State, political subdivision of a State, or 
                        Indian tribe of which the law enforcement 
                        agency is an agency before requesting the 
                        covered funds; and
                            ``(iii) submits the needs justification 
                        statement, including all information required 
                        under subparagraph (C), to the entity from 
                        which the law enforcement agency is to receive 
                        the covered funds.
                    ``(B) Ongoing operations.--The requirements under 
                subparagraph (A)(i) shall not apply to a law 
                enforcement agency that receives or uses covered funds 
                to purchase a special justice item to be used in an 
                active, ongoing counterterrorism or undercover 
                operation.
                    ``(C) Needs justification statements.--A needs 
                justification statement of a law enforcement agency 
                shall include the following:
                            ``(i) The number and type of special 
                        justice items proposed to be purchased.
                            ``(ii) The number of sworn law enforcement 
                        officers of the law enforcement agency.
                            ``(iii) The number, if any, of items 
                        similar to the special justice item that the 
                        law enforcement agency has in good working 
                        condition.
                            ``(iv) The number and type of items, if 
                        any, that the law enforcement agency has that 
                        were--
                                    ``(I) transferred to the law 
                                enforcement agency under section 2576a 
                                of title 10, United States Code; or
                                    ``(II) purchased using funds from--
                                            ``(aa) the Urban Area 
                                        Security Initiative authorized 
                                        under section 2003 of the 
                                        Homeland Security Act of 2002 
                                        (6 U.S.C. 604); or
                                            ``(bb) the State Homeland 
                                        Security Grant Program 
                                        authorized under section 2004 
                                        of the Homeland Security Act of 
                                        2002 (6 U.S.C. 605) during the 
                                        5-year period preceding the 
                                        date on which the statement is 
                                        published.
                            ``(v) The use of force policy of the law 
                        enforcement agency.
                            ``(vi) Whether the law enforcement agency 
                        intends to have a SWAT team use the special 
                        justice item and, if so, the training records 
                        of the SWAT team, including the course outlines 
                        of such training.
                            ``(vii) Whether the law enforcement agency 
                        has or plans to adopt a memorandum of 
                        understanding or other joint use agreement for 
                        the shared use of the special justice item with 
                        any other law enforcement agency.
                            ``(viii) The capability gap to be filled by 
                        the special justice item, and a description of 
                        the proposed use of the special justice item by 
                        the law enforcement agency.
                            ``(ix) Whether a consent decree is in 
                        effect between the United States and the law 
                        enforcement agency relating to civil rights 
                        abuses or excessive use of force.
                            ``(x) Whether the law enforcement agency is 
                        currently under investigation, or has been 
                        under investigation during the preceding 10 
                        years, by the Department of Justice, an 
                        inspector general, or any equivalent State or 
                        local entity for civil rights abuses or 
                        excessive use of force.
                            ``(xi) Whether the head of the law 
                        enforcement agency has ever been determined by 
                        the Department of Justice, an inspector 
                        general, or any equivalent State or local 
                        entity to have engaged in civil rights abuses 
                        or excessive use of force, if such information 
                        is publicly available.
                            ``(xii)(I) Whether the law enforcement 
                        agency requested funds from a regional, State, 
                        or local political entity to purchase the 
                        requested item;
                            ``(II) if the law enforcement agency 
                        requested funds from a regional, State, or 
                        local political entity and the request was 
                        denied, a statement of the reason or reasons 
                        for the denial; and
                            ``(III) if the law enforcement agency did 
                        not request funds from a regional, State, or 
                        local political entity, a statement explaining 
                        why the law enforcement agency did not do so.
                            ``(xiii) A certification that any item 
                        purchased using covered funds has not been, and 
                        will not be, used by a SWAT team of the law 
                        enforcement agency engaging in routine patrol-
                        related incidents, non-tactical incidents, or 
                        non-tactical assignments.
                            ``(xiv) Any other information on the recent 
                        record of the law enforcement agency regarding 
                        civil rights and the excessive use of force 
                        that the Attorney General determines 
                        appropriate.
            ``(2) Restrictions on small law enforcement agencies.--
                    ``(A) Prohibition on purchase of tactical military 
                vehicles by small law enforcement agencies.--A law 
                enforcement agency with 10 or fewer sworn law 
                enforcement officers--
                            ``(i) that has 1 or more functioning 
                        tactical military vehicles may not use covered 
                        funds to purchase a tactical military vehicle;
                            ``(ii) that does not have a functioning 
                        tactical military vehicle may use covered funds 
                        to purchase not more than 1 tactical military 
                        vehicle; or
                            ``(iii) that is the designated procurement 
                        agency for a multi-jurisdictional joint-use 
                        agreement may use covered funds for the 
                        purchase of more than 1 tactical military 
                        vehicle, or receive more than 1 tactical 
                        military vehicle purchased using covered funds, 
                        if the agency purchases or receives not more 
                        than 1 tactical military vehicle for every 10 
                        sworn law enforcement officers covered by the 
                        joint-use agreement.
                    ``(B) Limitation on use of items by small swat 
                teams.--A special justice item purchased using covered 
                funds may not be used by--
                            ``(i) a SWAT team composed of fewer than 17 
                        sworn law enforcement officers;
                            ``(ii) a SWAT team composed entirely of 
                        members from a single law enforcement agency 
                        that has fewer than 35 sworn law enforcement 
                        officers; or
                            ``(iii) a SWAT team composed of members 
                        from 2 or more law enforcement agencies which 
                        agencies have, in aggregate, fewer than 35 
                        sworn law enforcement officers.
            ``(3) Restrictions on local education agencies.--
                    ``(A) Prohibition on use of covered funds.--A local 
                educational agency, or a law enforcement agency 
                affiliated with a local education agency, may not use 
                covered funds to purchase a tactical military vehicle 
                if--
                            ``(i) the local educational agency is 
                        served by a law enforcement agency that--
                                    ``(I) is unaffiliated with the 
                                local education agency; and
                                    ``(II) has a tactical military 
                                vehicle; or
                            ``(ii) the local educational agency is 
                        served by 1 or more law enforcement agencies 
                        that are unaffiliated with the local education 
                        agency and no such serving agency will agree to 
                        store and maintain the tactical military 
                        vehicle for the local educational agency.
                    ``(B) Limitation on use of covered funds.--A local 
                educational agency that purchases a tactical military 
                vehicle using covered funds may not use funds of the 
                local educational agency--
                            ``(i) to transport the tactical military 
                        vehicle to the district of the local 
                        educational agency; or
                            ``(ii) to maintain the tactical military 
                        vehicle.
            ``(4) Camouflage uniforms or clothing.--A law enforcement 
        agency may only use funding provided under this subpart to 
        purchase camouflage uniforms or clothing if the camouflage 
        uniforms or clothing are for use by a SWAT team that 
        demonstrates a legitimate geographic or environmental need for 
        camouflage uniforms or clothing based on the physical 
        environment in which the SWAT team operates.
            ``(5) Approval required for purchase of certain items.--
                    ``(A) No delegation of authority.--The Attorney 
                General may not delegate the authority to approve an 
                application for a grant under this subpart if the 
                application proposes to use funds for the purchase of 
                an item specified in subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Items.--The items specified in this 
                subparagraph are the following:
                            ``(i) Weapons over .50 caliber.
                            ``(ii) Grenades, flash bang grenades, 
                        grenade launchers, and grenade launcher 
                        attachments.
                            ``(iii) Tactical military vehicles.
            ``(6) Law enforcement agencies under consent decrees.--A 
        law enforcement agency for which a consent decree is in effect 
        between the United States and the law enforcement agency, or 
        that is under investigation by the Department of Justice, 
        relating to civil rights abuses or excessive use of force may 
        not use covered funds to purchase any weapon or tactical 
        military vehicle.
            ``(7) Transportation costs.--No covered funds may be used 
        to pay the cost of transporting an eligible defense item 
        transferred to a law enforcement agency under section 2576a of 
        title 10, United States Code.
    ``(d) Training and Certification.--
            ``(1) State certification of law enforcement instructors.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On and after the date that is 3 
                years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015, a State, and any 
                law enforcement agency of or in the State, may not 
                receive or use covered funds to purchase a special 
                justice item unless the chief executive of the State 
                certifies to the Attorney General that the State 
                conducts a program for certifying law enforcement 
                instructors in the provision of training that meets the 
                requirements under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Program requirements.--The requirements for a 
                program described in subparagraph (A) are the 
                following:
                            ``(i) The program shall include instruction 
                        in training on the following:
                                    ``(I) The use of force by law 
                                enforcement officers in the ordinary 
                                course of their duties.
                                    ``(II) The use of special justice 
                                items by law enforcement officers in 
                                the ordinary course of their duties.
                                    ``(III) The use of special justice 
                                items by SWAT teams.
                                    ``(IV) The appropriate deployment 
                                of SWAT teams.
                                    ``(V) Civil rights and civil 
                                liberties.
                                    ``(VI) Any other matters on the 
                                training of law enforcement officers 
                                that the head of the State law 
                                enforcement agency considers 
                                appropriate.
                            ``(ii) A list of the instructors who are 
                        certified pursuant to the program or pursuant 
                        to the program conducted by the Secretary of 
                        Homeland Security under section 2010 of the 
                        Homeland Security Act of 2002 shall be 
                        maintained and published.
                    ``(C) Discharge through existing programs.--A State 
                may satisfy the requirement under subparagraph (A) 
                using a program in effect on the date that is 3 years 
                after the date of the enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015 if such program 
                satisfies the requirements in subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Minimum annual training requirements.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--On and after the date that is 
                3 years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015, a State, and a unit 
                of local government within the State, may not receive 
                covered funds unless the State establishes minimum 
                annual training requirements for all law enforcement 
                officers in the State, including--
                            ``(i) specialized leadership training 
                        requirements for chiefs of police or other 
                        department heads who have--
                                    ``(I) decisionmaking authority on 
                                the deployment of SWAT teams and 
                                tactical military vehicles; or
                                    ``(II) responsibility for drafting 
                                policies on the use of force and SWAT 
                                team deployment;
                            ``(ii) specialized SWAT team training 
                        requirements for all SWAT team members;
                            ``(iii) training in appropriate crowd-
                        control tactics; and
                            ``(iv) not less than 1 training session on 
                        sensitivity, including training on ethnic and 
                        racial bias, cultural diversity, and law 
                        enforcement interaction with disabled 
                        individuals, mentally ill individuals, and new 
                        immigrants.
                    ``(B) Federally certified or state-certified 
                instructors.--The training requirements established by 
                a State under subparagraph (A) may only be satisfied 
                through training conducted by an instructor certified 
                under--
                            ``(i) a program conducted by the Secretary 
                        of Homeland Security under section 2010 of the 
                        Homeland Security Act of 2002; or
                            ``(ii) a program conducted by a State under 
                        paragraph (1).
                    ``(C) Certification of completed training.--On and 
                after the date that is 1 year after the date on which a 
                program is established under paragraph (1), a law 
                enforcement agency may not receive covered funds unless 
                the law enforcement agency certifies to the Attorney 
                General that each sworn law enforcement officer 
                employed by the law enforcement agency has met all 
                applicable minimum annual training requirements 
                established by the State in which the law enforcement 
                agency is located under subparagraph (A) of this 
                paragraph.
                    ``(D) False certification.--The Attorney General 
                shall suspend or terminate the eligibility of a law 
                enforcement agency to receive covered funds if the law 
                enforcement agency intentionally submits a false 
                certification under subparagraph (C) that a law 
                enforcement officer has met the minimum annual training 
                requirements established by the State in which the law 
                enforcement agency is located under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(E) Satisfaction by recent hirees.--The 
                requirements under subparagraph (A) shall provide for 
                the first completion of the training concerned by an 
                individual who becomes an officer in a law enforcement 
                agency or becomes a member of a SWAT team by not later 
                than 1 year after the date on which the individual 
                becomes an officer in the law enforcement agency or 
                becomes a member of a SWAT team, as applicable.
            ``(3) Best practices.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On and after the date that is 2 
                years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
                Communities and Police Act of 2015, the Attorney 
                General shall publish, periodically review, distribute 
                to each State or unit of local government that applies 
                for a grant under this subpart, and require each such 
                State or unit of local government to distribute to each 
                organization or unit of local government with respect 
                to which the State or unit of local government enters 
                into a contract or makes a subaward under section 
                501(b), best practices for--
                            ``(i) training law enforcement officers and 
                        the use of lethal and non-lethal force by law 
                        enforcement officers;
                            ``(ii) training, use, and deployment of 
                        SWAT teams; and
                            ``(iii) community-oriented police efforts.
                    ``(B) Attorney general updates to congress 
                regarding delay in publication of best practices.--On 
                and after the date that is 2 years after the date of 
                enactment of the Protecting Communities and Police Act 
                of 2015, if the Attorney General has not published the 
                best practices required under subparagraph (A), the 
                Attorney General shall provide quarterly updates to 
                Congress on the reason for the delay in publication and 
                the expected date of publication.
    ``(e) Reporting and Policy Requirements.--
            ``(1) Reporting and recordkeeping requirements for grant 
        funding recipients.--
                    ``(A) SWAT team deployment records.--A law 
                enforcement agency that receives covered funds shall 
                maintain a record of each deployment of a SWAT team by 
                the law enforcement agency, which shall include--
                            ``(i) the type of police activity for which 
                        the SWAT team is deployed;
                            ``(ii) the rationale for the deployment;
                            ``(iii) the nexus between--
                                    ``(I) the use of force policy and 
                                SWAT team policy of the law enforcement 
                                agency; and
                                    ``(II) the police activity for 
                                which the SWAT team is deployed; and
                            ``(iv) a description, written after the 
                        deployment, of whether force or weapons were 
                        used by or against the law enforcement officers 
                        serving on the SWAT team.
                    ``(B) Equipment purchased.--A law enforcement 
                agency that purchases equipment using covered funds 
                shall submit to the Attorney General a report 
                describing the quantity and type of equipment 
                purchased.
            ``(2) DOJ reports.--
                    ``(A) Special justice items.--The Attorney General 
                shall publish and submit to Congress, the Secretary of 
                Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security an 
                annual report on special justice items that includes, 
                with respect to the preceding year--
                            ``(i) the number and type of special 
                        justice items purchased using covered funds; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) an appendix describing--
                                    ``(I) each law enforcement agency 
                                that used covered funds to purchase a 
                                special justice item;
                                    ``(II) the number of each special 
                                justice item described in subclause (I) 
                                purchased by each law enforcement 
                                agency; and
                                    ``(III) a summary of the needs 
                                justification statement submitted under 
                                subsection (c)(1)(A)(i) by each law 
                                enforcement agency described in 
                                subclause (I) of this clause.
                    ``(B) Crime rates.--The Attorney General shall 
                collect and publish data on crime rates over time for 
                each jurisdiction in which a law enforcement agency 
                receives covered funds.
                    ``(C) DOJ guides and best practices.--The Attorney 
                General shall conduct periodic surveys on the use of 
                materials published by the Attorney General in print 
                and online relating to local law enforcement training 
                and the use of force, including lethal and non-lethal 
                force.
    ``(f) Whistleblower and Independent Oversight Requirements.--
            ``(1) Whistleblower requirements.--On or after the date 
        that is 3 years after the date of enactment of the Protecting 
        Communities and Police Act of 2015, a State or unit of local 
        government of a State may not receive covered funds unless the 
        chief executive of the State certifies to the Attorney General 
        that the State--
                    ``(A) has in place--
                            ``(i) a program, including a public 
                        complaint hotline, that provides individuals 
                        the ability to disclose any--
                                    ``(I) misuse of equipment purchased 
                                using covered funds; or
                                    ``(II) other waste, fraud, or abuse 
                                in connection with the use of covered 
                                funds; and
                            ``(ii) mechanisms (commonly referred to as 
                        `whistleblower protections') to protect 
                        individuals who make a disclosure described in 
                        clause (i) from retaliatory or other adverse 
                        personnel actions in connection with such 
                        disclosures; and
                    ``(B) publicizes the existence of the program and 
                whistleblower protections described in subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(2) Certification of oversight and accountability.--
                    ``(A) Certification required.--A law enforcement 
                agency may not receive covered funds unless the head of 
                the law enforcement agency submits to the Attorney 
                General a written certification (in the form of a 
                memorandum of understanding, memorandum of agreement, 
                or letterhead correspondence) that an entity that is 
                unaffiliated with the law enforcement agency is 
                authorized--
                            ``(i) to receive any complaints regarding 
                        the use of special justice items and covered 
                        funds of the law enforcement agency;
                            ``(ii) to periodically review and assess 
                        the use of special justice items and covered 
                        funds by the law enforcement agency; and
                            ``(iii) to make recommendations to the law 
                        enforcement agency regarding the use of special 
                        justice items and covered funds by the law 
                        enforcement agency that are either--
                                    ``(I) non-binding in character; or
                                    ``(II) binding in character, if 
                                authorized by--
                                            ``(aa) a law or ordinance 
                                        governing the law enforcement 
                                        agency or the entity; or
                                            ``(bb) an agreement between 
                                        the governing body of the law 
                                        enforcement agency and 
                                        organizations representing law 
                                        enforcement officers of the law 
                                        enforcement agency.
                    ``(B) Discharge through existing entities.--A law 
                enforcement agency may satisfy the requirement in 
                subparagraph (A) through an entity that exists as of 
                the date of the enactment of the Protecting Communities 
                and Police Act of 2015, including an independent review 
                board, a Federal, State, or local inspector general, a 
                Federal, State, county, or city attorney general, a 
                district attorney, the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
                or another Federal agency, a State agency, a State or 
                local governing body (such as a city council or county 
                commission), a law enforcement council, or an 
                independent entity established by one or more such 
                officials, agencies, or entities on behalf of one or 
                more law enforcement agencies.
    ``(g) Suspension and Termination.--
            ``(1) For lost or stolen items.--If a special justice item 
        purchased by a law enforcement agency using covered funds is 
        lost, stolen, or misappropriated--
                    ``(A) in the case of an offensive weapon or 
                ordnance--
                            ``(i) on the first occurrence in the case 
                        of the law enforcement agency, the Attorney 
                        General, after providing the law enforcement 
                        agency with notice and the opportunity to 
                        contest the allegation, shall suspend the law 
                        enforcement agency from eligibility to receive 
                        covered funds for a period of not less than 6 
                        months; and
                            ``(ii) on the subsequent occurrence in the 
                        case of the law enforcement agency, the 
                        Attorney General, after providing the law 
                        enforcement agency with notice and the 
                        opportunity to contest the allegation, shall 
                        terminate the law enforcement agency from 
                        eligibility to receive covered funds; and
                    ``(B) in the case of a special justice item not 
                described in subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) on the third occurrence in the case 
                        of the law enforcement agency, the Director, 
                        after providing the law enforcement agency with 
                        notice and the opportunity to contest the 
                        allegation, shall suspend the law enforcement 
                        agency from eligibility to receive covered 
                        funds for a period of 6 months; and
                            ``(ii) on any subsequent occurrence in the 
                        case of the law enforcement agency, the 
                        Director, after providing the law enforcement 
                        agency with notice and the opportunity to 
                        contest the allegation, shall suspend the law 
                        enforcement agency from eligibility to receive 
                        covered funds for a period of 3 years.
            ``(2) Intentional falsification of information.--If a law 
        enforcement agency is determined by the Attorney General to 
        have intentionally falsified any information relating to the 
        use of covered funds, the Attorney General, after providing the 
        law enforcement agency with notice and the opportunity to 
        contest the determination, shall terminate the law enforcement 
        agency from eligibility to receive covered funds.
    ``(h) Additional Program Oversight.--
            ``(1) Attorney general obligations.--
                    ``(A) Subgrantee oversight.--In conducting 
                oversight of the use of covered funds, the Attorney 
                General shall conduct inspections of some local law 
                enforcement agencies that receive covered funds through 
                a subaward under section 501(b), to ensure compliance 
                with this section.
                    ``(B) Law enforcement expertise.--
                            ``(i) Establishment of position.--The 
                        Attorney General shall appoint individuals with 
                        expertise in State and local law enforcement 
                        agency functions to positions within the Bureau 
                        to assist the Attorney General in assessing 
                        grant applications under this subpart by 
                        determining whether equipment proposed to be 
                        purchased by a law enforcement agency using 
                        covered funds is--
                                    ``(I) appropriate to the mission of 
                                the law enforcement agency; and
                                    ``(II) necessary based on the needs 
                                justification statement submitted by 
                                the law enforcement agency under 
                                subsection (c)(1)(A)(iii).
                            ``(ii) Number of individuals.--The Attorney 
                        General shall appoint as many individuals under 
                        clause (i) as necessary to ensure that--
                                    ``(I) not less than 1 such 
                                individual is involved in the 
                                determination under clause (i) for each 
                                grant application under this subpart; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) the involvement of such 
                                individuals in the process of assessing 
                                grant applications under this subpart 
                                does not delay the process.
                            ``(iii) Managerial experience preferred.--
                        In appointing individuals under clause (i), the 
                        Attorney General shall give preference to 
                        individuals with law enforcement managerial 
                        expertise.
            ``(2) Grant recipient obligations.--
                    ``(A) Recording swat team deployments.--A law 
                enforcement agency may not use covered funds to 
                purchase any item for use by a SWAT team unless the law 
                enforcement agency--
                            ``(i) certifies to the Attorney General 
                        that a video recording shall be made of each 
                        SWAT team deployment involving the use of the 
                        item; and
                            ``(ii) develops, implements, and publishes 
                        a policy for video recording SWAT team 
                        deployments that--
                                    ``(I) describes the appropriate use 
                                of video recording equipment, including 
                                whether such equipment should be left 
                                on at all times;
                                    ``(II) includes mechanisms to 
                                preserve, to the extent practicable, 
                                the integrity and security of a video 
                                recording, including--
                                            ``(aa) a description of the 
                                        personnel of the law 
                                        enforcement agency, and other 
                                        parties, who are authorized to 
                                        access the recording;
                                            ``(bb) mechanisms for the 
                                        storage of the recording; and
                                            ``(cc) measures to ensure 
                                        the cybersecurity of the 
                                        recording (if applicable to the 
                                        storage, retention, and 
                                        retrieval of the recording);
                                    ``(III) includes policies on the 
                                authorized and unauthorized public 
                                release of a video recording; and
                                    ``(IV) includes a requirement that 
                                any video recording of an interaction 
                                between a law enforcement officer and 
                                an individual who is not a law 
                                enforcement officer involving the use 
                                of force (whether deadly or otherwise) 
                                shall be retained by the law 
                                enforcement agency for a period not 
                                shorter than the period of limitation 
                                in the State concerned for actions for 
                                civil rights violations under section 
                                1979 of the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 
                                1983).
                    ``(B) Use of body cameras by law enforcement 
                officers.--A law enforcement agency that uses covered 
                funds to purchase or maintain a body camera, or for 
                related costs, shall have in place, and make available 
                to the public, a policy on the use of a body camera by 
                a law enforcement officer that includes--
                            ``(i) a policy on the appropriate use of a 
                        body camera, including whether the camera 
                        should be left on at all times;
                            ``(ii) mechanisms to preserve, to the 
                        extent practicable, the integrity and security 
                        of a video recording made by a body camera, 
                        including--
                                    ``(I) a description of the 
                                personnel of the law enforcement 
                                agency, and other parties, who are 
                                authorized to access the recording;
                                    ``(II) mechanisms for the storage 
                                of the recording; and
                                    ``(III) measures to ensure the 
                                cybersecurity of the recording (if 
                                applicable to the storage, retention, 
                                and retrieval of the recording);
                            ``(iii) a policy on the authorized and 
                        unauthorized public release of a video 
                        recording; and
                            ``(iv) a requirement that any video 
                        recording of an interaction between a law 
                        enforcement officer and an individual who is 
                        not a law enforcement officer involving the use 
                        of force (whether deadly or otherwise) shall 
                        retained by the law enforcement agency for a 
                        period not shorter than the period of 
                        limitation in the State concerned for actions 
                        for civil rights violations under section 1979 
                        of the Revised Statutes (42 U.S.C. 1983).''.
    (b) Prohibited Uses of Covered Funds.--Section 501(d)(2) of title I 
of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
3751(d)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (E) as 
        subparagraphs (C) through (F), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
                    ``(B) unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aircraft, 
                or unmanned aircraft systems;''.
    (c) Funds for Body Cameras.--Section 505(b) of title I of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3755(b)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``60 percent'' and inserting ``57.5 
                percent''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``40 percent'' and inserting ``37.5 
                percent''; and
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) 2.5 percent shall be for direct grants to States for 
        the purchase or maintenance of body cameras, dashboard cameras, 
        or gun cameras for law enforcement agencies and related costs; 
        and
            ``(4) 2.5 percent shall be for direct grants to units of 
        local government for the purchase or maintenance of body 
        cameras, dashboard cameras, or gun cameras for law enforcement 
        agencies and related costs.''.

SEC. 1051. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE REPORTS ON SWAT TEAMS.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``SWAT team'' means a 
Special Weapons and Tactics team or other specialized tactical team 
composed of sworn law enforcement officers.
    (b) Collection and Analysis of Data.--The Attorney General shall 
collect and analyze data on the use of SWAT teams by Federal, State, 
local, and tribal law enforcement agencies.
    (c) Type of Data.--The data collected and analyzed by the Attorney 
General under subsection (b) shall include--
            (1) the number of deployments of SWAT teams;
            (2) the reason for each deployment of a SWAT team;
            (3) the composition of each SWAT team, including, at 
        minimum, the number of members on each SWAT team;
            (4) the number of law enforcement agencies with SWAT teams, 
        categorized by the overall size of the law enforcement 
        agencies;
            (5) the number of SWAT teams composed of officers from 
        multiple law enforcement agencies;
            (6) the amount of initial training and ongoing training of 
        SWAT teams being conducted;
            (7) the community outreach undertaken to explain and 
        publicize SWAT team deployment policies;
            (8) information on the deployment of SWAT teams in low-
        income neighborhoods; and
            (9) any other information that the Attorney General 
        determines to be relevant.
    (d) Public Availability of Data.--Not less frequently than once 
every 6 months, the Attorney General shall publish the data collected 
under subsection (b).
    (e) Report.--Not less frequently than once every 5 years, the 
Attorney General shall publish a report that contains the analysis 
conducted under subsection (b).

SEC. 1052. FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING CENTER CERTIFICATION OF 
              INSTRUCTORS IN TRAINING ON USE OF FORCE AND SPECIAL 
              EQUIPMENT.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle A of title XX of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 603 et seq.), as amended by this Act, is amended 
by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 2010. CERTIFICATION OF INSTRUCTORS IN TRAINING ON USE OF FORCE 
              AND SPECIAL EQUIPMENT.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `eligible defense item' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 2576a(w) of title 10, United States 
        Code;
            ``(2) the terms `law enforcement agency', `restricted 
        item', and `SWAT team' have the meanings given those terms in 
        section 2009(a); and
            ``(3) the term `special justice item' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 509(a) of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
        Safe Streets Act of 1968.
    ``(b) Certification of Instructors.--On and after the date that is 
3 years after the date of enactment of the Protecting Communities and 
Police Act of 2015, the Secretary shall, through the Federal Law 
Enforcement Training Center, conduct programs to certify instructors to 
conduct training courses on law enforcement tactics for State, local, 
and tribal law enforcement agencies.
    ``(c) Elements.--The programs conducted under this section shall 
include instruction in training on the following:
            ``(1) The use of force by State, local, and tribal law 
        enforcement officers in the ordinary course of their duties.
            ``(2) The use of restricted items, eligible defense items, 
        and special justice items by State, local, and tribal law 
        enforcement officers in the ordinary course of their duties.
            ``(3) The use of restricted items, eligible defense items, 
        and special justice items by SWAT teams.
            ``(4) The appropriate deployment of SWAT teams.
            ``(5) Any other matters on the training of State, local, 
        and tribal law enforcement officers that the Secretary 
        considers appropriate.
    ``(d) List of Certified Instructors.--The Secretary shall maintain 
and publish a list of instructors who are certified pursuant to a 
program conducted under this section.
    ``(e) Administration of State Programs.--The Federal Law 
Enforcement Training Center may enter into an agreement with a State 
to--
            ``(1) manage or implement the State's program for law 
        enforcement instructor certification described in--
                    ``(A) section 2009(d)(1)(A) of this Act;
                    ``(B) section 2576a(o)(1) of title 10, United 
                States Code; or
                    ``(C) section 509(d)(1)(A) of the Omnibus Crime 
                Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968; or
            ``(2) provide certified instructors for a program described 
        in paragraph (1).''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in 
section 1(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-96; 
116 Stat. 2135), as amended by this Act, is amended by inserting after 
the item relating to section 2009 the following:

``Sec. 2010. Certification of instructors in training on use of force 
                            and special equipment.''.

SEC. 1053. CIVIL ACTION BY ATTORNEY GENERAL.

    Section 210401(b) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement 
Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12601(b)) is amended by striking ``may in a 
civil action'' and inserting ``shall in a civil action''.

SEC. 1054. ANNUAL REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, 
and annually thereafter, the Attorney General shall publish a report 
describing the complaints received by the Department of Justice 
alleging violations of section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control and 
Law Enforcement Act of 1994, including--
            (1) information on each investigation conducted and each 
        civil action initiated--
                    (A) pursuant to all such complaints; or
                    (B) without such a complaint having been filed; and
            (2) for each complaint received for which the Attorney 
        General does not initiate an investigation or a civil action, 
        an explanation as to why no investigation or civil action was 
        initiated.

SEC. 1055. GRANTS TO EDUCATE AMERICANS ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES AND 
              PRACTICE OF NONVIOLENCE.

    (a) Grants.--The Attorney General may make grants to eligible 
entities to prevent or alleviate the effects of community violence by 
providing education, mentoring, and counseling regarding the principles 
and application of nonviolence in conflict resolution.
    (b) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section, the Attorney 
General shall give priority to applicants that agree to use the grant 
in one or more eligible urban, rural, tribal, and suburban communities 
that can certify--
            (1) an increased or sustained level of violence or tension 
        in the community; or
            (2) a lack of monetary or other resources to adopt 
        innovative, integrated, community-based violence prevention 
        programs.
    (c) Limitation.--The Attorney General may not make a grant to an 
eligible entity under this section unless the entity agrees to use not 
less than 70 percent of such grant for nonviolence-prevention education 
and program development.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section, the term ``eligible entity'' 
means a State or local government entity (including law enforcement), 
educational institution, nonprofit community, or faith-based 
organization.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there is authorized to be appropriated $60,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2018 through 2023.

SEC. 1056. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.

    None of the funds made available by this Act may be used for 
activities prohibited by the order issued by the Attorney General 
entitled ``Prohibition on Certain Federal Adoptions of Seizures by 
State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies'' (Order No. 3488-2015, dated 
January 16, 2015) or the order entitled ``Prohibition on Certain 
Federal Adoptions of Seizures by State and Local Law Enforcement 
Agencies'' (Order No. 3485-2015, dated January 12, 2015).

SEC. 1057. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Nearly 60 percent of the inmates in jails in the United 
        States are pretrial detainees who have not been convicted of a 
        crime, an estimated 75 percent of whom have been charged with 
        nonviolent crimes.
            (2) Under current bail systems that use payment of money as 
        a condition of pretrial release, nearly 50 percent of the most 
        dangerous pretrial detainees are released without supervision, 
        according to a study by the Arnold Foundation.
            (3) Throughout the Nation, those with money can buy their 
        freedom while poor defendants remain incarcerated awaiting 
        trial.
            (4) Pretrial detention costs State and local governments an 
        estimated $14,000,000,000 each year.
            (5) Pretrial detention should be based on whether the 
        accused is likely to fail to appear in court or is a threat to 
        public safety, not the ability to pay money as a condition of 
        pretrial release.
            (6) The States, the United States Department of Justice, 
        law enforcement agencies, public officials, and community 
        groups should collaborate to develop pretrial detention systems 
        that improve public safety, reduce costs, and discourage 
        criminal behavior.

SEC. 1058. ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS UNDER THE BYRNE JAG PROGRAM.

    Section 505 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
1968 (42 U.S.C. 3755) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Eligibility.--Beginning with the third fiscal year 
        beginning after the enactment of the `No Money Bail Act of 
        2017', the Attorney General shall not allocate any amounts 
        appropriated to carry out this part to any State that uses 
        payment of money as a condition of pretrial release with 
        respect to criminal cases.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1) by striking ``in paragraph 
                (2)'' and inserting ``in paragraphs (2) and (3)''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by striking ``If the Attorney General'' and 
                inserting ``(1) In general.--If the Attorney General''; 
                and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) State ineligible due to system of bail.--
        Notwithstanding paragraph (1), if the Attorney General 
        determines with respect to any grant period that a State is 
        made ineligible by subsection (a)(3), the Attorney General 
        shall reallocate any amounts allocated to or that would have 
        been allocated to such State for such period--
                    ``(A) among the other eligible States; and
                    ``(B) in proportion to allocations among eligible 
                States under subsection (a).''.

SEC. 1059. PROHIBITION OF MONEY BAIL IN FEDERAL CRIMINAL CASES.

    Notwithstanding any provision of Federal law, no justice, judge, or 
other judicial official in any court created by or under article III of 
the Constitution of the United States may use payment of money as a 
condition of pretrial release in any criminal case.

SEC. 1060. REDUCTION IN GRANT FUNDING FOR UNITS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT.

    (a) Collection of Fines for Violations of Traffic Laws.--Except as 
provided in subsection (b) or section 4, a unit of local government 
which, during the previous 3 fiscal years, funded an amount that, on 
average, was greater than 18 percent of its operating budget using 
revenue generated from collecting fines and other fees related to 
violations of traffic laws, shall, in the case of a unit of local 
government receiving grant funds under subpart 1 of part E of title I 
of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
3750 et seq.), receive only 25 percent of the grant award that would 
have otherwise been awarded to that unit of local government under such 
subpart.
    (b) Disproportionate Racial Composition of Law Enforcement 
Agencies.--In the case of a unit of local government described in 
subsection (a) for which, during the previous fiscal year, the 
percentage of individuals who identify as a race who were employees of 
the law enforcement agency for that unit of local government, and the 
percentage of individuals who identify as that race who live in the 
jurisdiction which that law enforcement agency serves, differs by 
greater than 30 percent, the unit of local government shall receive 
only 5 percent of the grant award that would have otherwise been 
awarded to that unit of local government under subpart 1 of part E of 
title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
U.S.C. 3750 et seq.).
    (c) Obligation of States.--A State that receives a grant award 
under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.), which does not 
reduce a subgrant award made under such grant to a unit of local 
government in its jurisdiction in accordance with this section, shall, 
in the succeeding fiscal year, receive only 50 percent of the grant 
award that would have otherwise been awarded to that State under such 
subpart.
    (d) Reallocation.--Any funds withheld from a State or unit of local 
government from a direct grant award by the Attorney General shall be 
reallocated in accordance with subpart 1 of part E of title I of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et 
seq.).

SEC. 1061. EXEMPTIONS.

    The provisions of section 3 shall not apply in the case of any unit 
of local government--
            (1) that serves a population of less than 15,000 people and 
        so certifies to the Attorney General; or
            (2) to which the Attorney General has granted a waiver 
        under section 5.

SEC. 1062. WAIVERS.

    The Attorney General may, in his or her discretion, grant a waiver 
under this section to any unit of local government for good cause 
shown, and shall consider the following factors:
            (1) Whether, resulting from allegations of excessive uses 
        of force, false arrests, improper searches and seizures, 
        failures to discipline officers sufficiently, or failure to 
        supervise officers, the unit of local government is subject to 
        a consent decree or Memorandum of Understanding, or the subject 
        of an investigation by the Special Litigation Section of the 
        Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice.
            (2) Whether the unit of local government has taken 
        affirmative action to ensure that adequate practices and 
        procedures are in place to increase public trust and confidence 
        in the impartial and equitable administration of justice, 
        including--
                    (A) whether incidents of officer involved shootings 
                and uses of excessive force are investigated by a 
                Special Prosecutor appointed by the Governor, State 
                Attorney General, or Presiding Judge of the local court 
                of jurisdiction;
                    (B) whether incidents of officer involved shootings 
                and uses of excessive force are adjudicated in a public 
                proceeding rather than the grand jury process.
            (3) Whether the minority community is equitably represented 
        in the municipality's legislative body and executive 
        departments.

                        TITLE II--PUBLIC DEFENSE

SEC. 2001. CLARIFICATION OF RIGHT TO COUNSEL.

    (a) Right to Counsel in Immigration Proceedings.--Section 292 of 
the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1362) is amended to read 
as follows:

``SEC. 292. RIGHT TO COUNSEL.

    ``(a) In General.--In any removal, exclusion, or deportation 
proceeding or inspection under section 235(a), 235(b), 236, 238, 240, 
or 241, the person subject to such proceeding shall be entitled to 
representation (at no expense to the Government) by such authorized 
counsel as the person may choose.
    ``(b) Redress Options.--If counsel cannot personally meet with a 
person subject to holding, detention, or inspection at a port of entry, 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection or U.S. Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement, as appropriate, shall provide redress options through 
which counsel may communicate remotely with the held or detained person 
during the first hour and thereafter of such holding or detention, 
regardless of the day or time when such holding or detention began.
    ``(c) Record of Abandonment of Lawful Permanent Resident Status or 
Withdrawal of Application for Admission.--A person held or detained at 
a port of entry may not submit a valid Record of Abandonment of Lawful 
Permanent Resident Status or Withdrawal of Application for Admission if 
such person has been denied access to counsel in accordance with this 
section.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Inspection.--The term `inspection' does not include 
        primary inspection (as defined in the policies of the 
        Department of Homeland Security).
            ``(2) Person.--The term `person' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(b)(3).''.
    (b) Right to Counsel or Representation.--Section 555(b) of title 5, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
``The right to be accompanied, represented, and advised by counsel or 
other qualified representative under this subsection shall extend to 
any person subject to a proceeding, examination, holding, or detention 
described in section 292 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
U.S.C. 1362).''.
    (c) Savings Provision.--Nothing in this section, or in any 
amendment made by this section, may be construed to limit any 
preexisting right to counsel under section 292 of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1362), as in effect on the day before the 
date of the enactment of this Act, or under any other law.

SEC. 2002. TREATMENT OF INDIVIDUALS HELD OR DETAINED AT PORTS OF ENTRY 
              OR AT ANY CBP OR ICE DETENTION FACILITY.

    (a) In General.--The holding or detention of individuals at a port 
of entry or at any holding or detention facility overseen by U.S. 
Customs and Border Protection or U.S. Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement--
            (1) shall be limited to the briefest term and the least 
        restrictive conditions practicable and consistent with the 
        rationale for such holding or detention; and
            (2) shall include access to food, water, and restroom 
        facilities.
    (b) Savings Provision.--Nothing in this section may be construed to 
limit agencies from complying with other legal authorities, policies, 
or standards with respect to treatment of individuals held or detained 
at ports of entry or at any holding or detention facility overseen by 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection or U.S. Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement.

SEC. 2003. DUTY TO DISCLOSE FAVORABLE INFORMATION.

    Chapter 201 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
``Sec. 3014. Duty to disclose favorable information
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `covered information' means information, 
        data, documents, evidence, or objects that may reasonably 
        appear to be favorable to the defendant in a criminal 
        prosecution brought by the United States with respect to--
                    ``(A) the determination of guilt;
                    ``(B) any preliminary matter before the court 
                before which the criminal prosecution is pending; or
                    ``(C) the sentence to be imposed; and
            ``(2) the term `prosecution team' includes, with respect to 
        a criminal prosecution brought by the United States--
                    ``(A) the Executive agency, as defined in section 
                105 of title 5, that brings the criminal prosecution on 
                behalf of the United States; and
                    ``(B) any entity or individual, including a law 
                enforcement agency or official, that--
                            ``(i) acts on behalf of the United States 
                        with respect to the criminal prosecution;
                            ``(ii) acts under the control of the United 
                        States with respect to the criminal 
                        prosecution; or
                            ``(iii) participates, jointly with the 
                        Executive agency described in subparagraph (A), 
                        in any investigation with respect to the 
                        criminal prosecution.
    ``(b) Duty To Disclose Favorable Information.--In a criminal 
prosecution brought by the United States, the attorney for the 
Government shall provide to the defendant any covered information--
            ``(1) that is within the possession, custody, or control of 
        the prosecution team; or
            ``(2) the existence of which is known, or by the exercise 
        of due diligence would become known, to the attorney for the 
        Government.
    ``(c) Timing.--Except as provided in subsections (e) and (f), the 
attorney for the Government shall provide to the defendant any covered 
information--
            ``(1) without delay after arraignment and before the entry 
        of any guilty plea; and
            ``(2) if the existence of the covered information is not 
        known on the date of the initial disclosure under this 
        subsection, as soon as is reasonably practicable upon the 
        existence of the covered information becoming known, without 
        regard to whether the defendant has entered or agreed to enter 
        a guilty plea.
    ``(d) Relationship to Other Laws.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        requirements under subsections (b) and (c) shall apply 
        notwithstanding section 3500(a) or any other provision of law 
        (including any rule or statute).
            ``(2) Classified information.--Classified information (as 
        defined in section 1 of the Classified Information Procedures 
        Act (18 U.S.C. App.)) shall be treated in accordance with the 
        Classified Information Procedures Act.
    ``(e) Protective Orders.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon motion of the United States, the 
        court may issue an order to protect against the immediate 
        disclosure to a defendant of covered information otherwise 
        required to be disclosed under subsection (b) if--
                    ``(A) the covered information is favorable to the 
                defendant solely because the covered information would 
                provide a basis to impeach the credibility of a 
                potential witness; and
                    ``(B) the United States establishes a reasonable 
                basis to believe that--
                            ``(i) the identity of the potential witness 
                        is not already known to any defendant; and
                            ``(ii) disclosure of the covered 
                        information to a defendant would present a 
                        threat to the safety of the potential witness 
                        or of any other person.
            ``(2) Time limit.--The court may delay disclosure of 
        covered information under this subsection until the earlier 
        of--
                    ``(A) the date that the court determines provides a 
                reasonable amount of time before the date set for trial 
                (which shall be not less than 30 days before the date 
                set for trial, absent a showing by the United States of 
                compelling circumstances); and
                    ``(B) the date on which any requirement under 
                paragraph (1) ceases to exist.
            ``(3) Motions under seal.--The court may permit the United 
        States to file all or a portion of a motion under this 
        subsection under seal to the extent necessary to protect the 
        identity of a potential witness, but the United States--
                    ``(A) may not file a motion under this subsection 
                ex parte; and
                    ``(B) shall summarize any undisclosed portion of a 
                motion filed under this subsection for the defendant in 
                sufficient detail to permit the defendant a meaningful 
                opportunity to be heard on the motion, including the 
                need for a protective order or the scope of the 
                requested protective order.
    ``(f) Waiver.--
            ``(1) In general.--A defendant may not waive a provision of 
        this section except in open court.
            ``(2) Requirements.--The court may not accept the waiver of 
        a provision of this section by a defendant unless the court 
        determines that--
                    ``(A) the proposed waiver is knowingly, 
                intelligently, and voluntarily offered; and
                    ``(B) the interests of justice require the proposed 
                waiver.
    ``(g) Noncompliance.--
            ``(1) In general.--Before entry of judgment, upon motion of 
        a defendant or by the court sua sponte, if there is reason to 
        believe the attorney for the Government has failed to comply 
        with subsection (b) or subsection (c), the court shall order 
        the United States to show cause why the court should not find 
        the United States is not in compliance with subsection (b) or 
        subsection (c), respectively.
            ``(2) Findings.--If the court determines under paragraph 
        (1) that the United States is not in compliance with subsection 
        (b) or subsection (c), the court shall--
                    ``(A) determine the extent of and reason for the 
                noncompliance; and
                    ``(B) enter into the record the findings of the 
                court under subparagraph (A).
    ``(h) Remedies.--
            ``(1) Remedies required.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the court determines that the 
                United States has violated the requirement to disclose 
                covered information under subsection (b) or the 
                requirement to disclose covered information in a timely 
                manner under subsection (c), the court shall order an 
                appropriate remedy.
                    ``(B) Types of remedies.--A remedy under this 
                subsection may include--
                            ``(i) postponement or adjournment of the 
                        proceedings;
                            ``(ii) exclusion or limitation of testimony 
                        or evidence;
                            ``(iii) ordering a new trial;
                            ``(iv) dismissal with or without prejudice; 
                        or
                            ``(v) any other remedy determined 
                        appropriate by the court.
                    ``(C) Factors.--In fashioning a remedy under this 
                subsection, the court shall consider the totality of 
                the circumstances, including--
                            ``(i) the seriousness of the violation;
                            ``(ii) the impact of the violation on the 
                        proceeding;
                            ``(iii) whether the violation resulted from 
                        innocent error, negligence, recklessness, or 
                        knowing conduct; and
                            ``(iv) the effectiveness of alternative 
                        remedies to protect the interest of the 
                        defendant and of the public in assuring fair 
                        prosecutions and proceedings.
            ``(2) Defendant's costs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the court grants relief under 
                paragraph (1) on a finding that the violation of 
                subsection (b) or subsection (c) was due to negligence, 
                recklessness, or knowing conduct by the United States, 
                the court may order that the defendant, the attorney 
                for the defendant, or, subject to paragraph (D), a 
                qualifying entity recover from the United States the 
                costs and expenses incurred by the defendant, the 
                attorney for the defendant, or the qualifying entity as 
                a result of the violation, including reasonable 
                attorney's fees (without regard to the terms of any fee 
                agreement between the defendant and the attorney for 
                the defendant).
                    ``(B) Qualifying entities.--In this paragraph, the 
                term `qualifying entity' means--
                            ``(i) a Federal Public Defender 
                        Organization;
                            ``(ii) a Community Defender Organization; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) a fund established to furnish 
                        representation to persons financially unable to 
                        obtain adequate representation in accordance 
                        with section 3006A.
                    ``(C) Source of payments for costs and expenses.--
                Costs and expenses ordered by a court under 
                subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) shall be paid by the Executive 
                        agency, as defined in section 105 of title 5, 
                        that brings the criminal prosecution on behalf 
                        of the United States, from funds appropriated 
                        to that Executive agency; and
                            ``(ii) may not be paid from the 
                        appropriation under section 1304 of title 31.
                    ``(D) Payments to qualifying entities.--Costs and 
                expenses ordered by the court under subparagraph (A) to 
                a qualifying entity shall be paid--
                            ``(i) to the Community Defender 
                        Organization that provided the appointed 
                        attorney; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of a Federal Public 
                        Defender Organization or an attorney appointed 
                        under section 3006A, to the court for deposit 
                        in the applicable appropriations accounts of 
                        the Judiciary as a reimbursement to the funds 
                        appropriated to carry out section 3006A, to 
                        remain available until expended.
    ``(i) Standard of Review.--In any appellate proceeding initiated by 
a criminal defendant presenting an issue of fact or law under this 
section, the reviewing court may not find an error arising from conduct 
not in compliance with this section to be harmless unless the United 
States demonstrates beyond a reasonable doubt that the error did not 
contribute to the verdict obtained.''.

SEC. 2004. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``3014. Duty to disclose favorable information.''.
    (b) Demands for Production of Statements and Reports of 
Witnesses.--Section 3500(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ``In'' and inserting ``Except as provided in section 3014, 
in''.

                     TITLE III--DRUG POLICY REFORM

SEC. 3001. DE-SCHEDULING MARIHUANA.

    (a) Marihuana Removed From Schedule of Controlled Substances.--
Subsection (c) of schedule I of section 202(c) of the Controlled 
Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``marihuana''; and
            (2) by striking ``tetrahydrocannabinols''.
    (b) Removal of Prohibition on Import and Export.--Section 1010(b) 
of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960) is 
amended--
            [(1) in paragraph (1)--]
                    [(A) in subparagraph (F), by inserting ``or'' after 
                the semicolon;]
                    [(B) by striking subparagraph (G); and]
                    [(C) by redesignating subparagraph (H) as 
                subparagraph (G);]
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (F), by inserting ``or'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (G); and
                    (C) by redesignating subparagraph (H) as 
                subparagraph (G);
            (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``paragraphs (1), (2), 
        and (4)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'';
            (4) by striking paragraph (4); and
            (5) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), and (7) as 
        paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), respectively.
    (c) Conforming Amendments to Controlled Substances Act.--The 
Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 102(44) (21 U.S.C. 802(44)), by striking 
        ``marihuana,'';
            (2) in section 401(b) (21 U.S.C. 841(b))--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in clause (vi), by inserting 
                                ``or'' after the semicolon;
                                    (II) by striking (vii); and
                                    (III) by redesignating clause 
                                (viii) as clause (vii);
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking clause (vii); and
                                    (II) by redesignating clause (viii) 
                                as clause (vii);
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C), in the first 
                        sentence, by striking ``subparagraphs (A), (B), 
                        and (D)'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) and 
                        (B)'';
                            (iv) by striking subparagraph (D);
                            (v) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as 
                        subparagraph (D); and
                            (vi) in subparagraph (D)(i), as so 
                        redesignated, by striking ``subparagraphs (C) 
                        and (D)'' and inserting ``subparagraph (C)'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (4); and
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), and (7) 
                as paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), respectively;
            (3) in section 402(c)(2)(B) (21 U.S.C. 842(c)(2)(B)), by 
        striking ``, marihuana,'';
            (4) in section 403(d)(1) (21 U.S.C. 843(d)(1)), by striking 
        ``, marihuana,'';
            (5) in section 418(a) (21 U.S.C. 859(a)), by striking the 
        last sentence;
            (6) in section 419(a) (21 U.S.C. 860(a)), by striking the 
        last sentence;
            (7) in section 422(d) (21 U.S.C. 863(d))--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``marijuana,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by striking ``, such as a 
                marihuana cigarette,''; and
            (8) in section 516(d) (21 U.S.C. 886(d)), by striking 
        ``section 401(b)(6)'' each place the term appears and inserting 
        ``section 401(b)(5)''.
    (d) Other Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) National forest system drug control act of 1986.--The 
        National Forest System Drug Control Act of 1986 (16 U.S.C. 559b 
        et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 15002(a) (16 U.S.C. 559b(a)) by 
                striking ``marijuana and other'';
                    (B) in section 15003(2) (16 U.S.C. 559c(2)) by 
                striking ``marijuana and other''; and
                    (C) in section 15004(2) (16 U.S.C. 559d(2)) by 
                striking ``marijuana and other''.
            (2) Interception of communications.--Section 2516 of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (1)(e), by striking 
                ``marihuana,''; and
                    (B) in subsection (2) by striking ``marihuana,''.

SEC. 3002. COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT FUND.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of the 
United States a fund, to be known as the ``Community Reinvestment 
Fund'' (referred to in this section as the ``Fund'').
    (b) Deposits.--The Fund shall consist of--
            [(1) any amounts not awarded to a covered State because of 
        a determination under section 3(b)(1); and]
            (2) any amounts otherwise appropriated to the Fund.
    (c) Use of Fund Amounts.--Amounts in the Fund shall be available to 
the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to establish a grant 
program to reinvest in communities most affected by the war on drugs, 
which shall include providing grants to impacted communities for 
programs such as--
            (1) job training;
            (2) reentry services;
            (3) expenses related to the expungement of convictions;
            (4) public libraries;
            (5) community centers;
            (6) programs and opportunities dedicated to youth;
            (7) the special purpose fund discussed below; and
            (8) health education programs.
    (d) Availability of Fund Amounts.--Amounts in the Fund shall be 
available without fiscal year limitation.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Fund $500,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 
through 2040.

SEC. 3003. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) In recent years it has become clear that programs 
        funded by the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant 
        program (referred to in this Act as the ``Byrne grants 
        program'') have perpetuated racial disparities, corruption in 
        law enforcement, and the commission of civil rights abuses 
        across the country. This is especially the case when it comes 
        to the program's funding of hundreds of regional antidrug task 
        forces because the grants for these antidrug task forces have 
        been dispensed to State governments with very little Federal 
        oversight and have been prone to misuse and corruption.
            (2) Numerous Government Accountability Office reports have 
        found that the Department of Justice has inadequately monitored 
        grants provided under the Byrne grants program. A 2001 General 
        Accounting Office report found that one-third of the grants did 
        not contain required monitoring plans. Seventy percent of files 
        on such grants did not contain required progress reports. 
        Forty-one percent of such files did not contain financial 
        reports covering the full grant period. A 2002 report by the 
        Heritage Foundation reported that ``there is virtually no 
        evidence'' that the Byrne grants program has been successful in 
        reducing crime and that the program lacks ``adequate measures 
        of performance''.
            (3) A 2002 report by the American Civil Liberties Union of 
        Texas identified 17 recent scandals involving antidrug task 
        forces in Texas that receive funds under the Byrne grants 
        program. Such scandals include cases of the falsification of 
        government records, witness tampering, fabricating evidence, 
        false imprisonment, stealing drugs from evidence lockers, 
        selling drugs to children, large-scale racial profiling, sexual 
        harassment, and other abuses of official capacity. Recent 
        scandals in other States include the misuse of millions of 
        dollars in Byrne grants program money in Kentucky and 
        Massachusetts, wrongful convictions based on police perjury in 
        Missouri, and negotiations with drug offenders to drop or lower 
        their charges in exchange for money or vehicles in Alabama, 
        Arkansas, Georgia, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and 
        Wisconsin.
            (4) The most well-known Byrne-funded task force scandal 
        occurred in Tulia, Texas, where dozens of African American 
        residents (totaling over 16 percent of the town's African 
        American population) were arrested, prosecuted, and sentenced 
        to decades in prison, based solely on the uncorroborated 
        testimony of one undercover officer whose background included 
        past allegations of misconduct, sexual harassment, unpaid 
        debts, and habitual use of a racial epithet. The undercover 
        officer was allowed to work alone, and not required to provide 
        audiotapes, video surveillance, or eyewitnesses to corroborate 
        his allegations. Despite the lack of physical evidence or 
        corroboration, the charges were vigorously prosecuted. After 
        the first few trials resulted in convictions and lengthy 
        sentences, many defendants accepted plea bargains. Suspicions 
        regarding the legitimacy of the charges eventually arose after 
        two of the accused defendants were able to produce convincing 
        alibi evidence to prove that they were out of State or at work 
        at the time of the alleged drug purchases. Texas Governor Rick 
        Perry eventually pardoned the Tulia defendants (after four 
        years of imprisonment), but these kinds of scandals continue to 
        plague Byrne grant program spending.
            (5) A case arose in a Federal court in Waco, Texas 
        concerning the wrongful arrests of 28 African Americans out of 
        4,500 other residents of Hearne, Texas. In November 2000 these 
        individuals were arrested on charges of possession or 
        distribution of crack cocaine, and they subsequently filed a 
        case against the county government. On May 11, 2005, a 
        magistrate judge found sufficient evidence that a Byrne-funded 
        anti-drug task force had routinely targeted African Americans 
        to hold the county liable for the harm suffered by the 
        plaintiffs. Plaintiffs in that lawsuit alleged that for the 
        past 15 years, based on the uncorroborated tales of informants, 
        task force members annually raided the African American 
        community in eastern Hearne to arrest the residents identified 
        by the confidential informants, resulting in the arrest and 
        prosecution of innocent citizens without cause. On the eve of 
        trial the counties involved in the Hearne task force scandal 
        settled the case, agreeing to pay financial damages to the 
        plaintiffs.
            (6) Scandals related to the Byrne grants program have grown 
        so prolific that the Texas legislature has passed several 
        reforms in response to them, including outlawing racial 
        profiling and changing Texas law to prohibit drug offense 
        convictions based solely on the word of an undercover 
        informant. The Criminal Jurisprudence Committee of the Texas 
        House of Representatives issued a report in 2004 recommending 
        that all of the State's federally funded antidrug task forces 
        be abolished because they are inherently prone to corruption. 
        The Committee reported, ``Continuing to sanction task force 
        operations as stand-alone law enforcement entities--with 
        widespread authority to operate at will across multiple 
        jurisdictional lines--should not continue. The current approach 
        violates practically every sound principle of police oversight 
        and accountability applicable to narcotics interdiction.'' The 
        Texas legislature passed a law that ends the ability of a 
        narcotics task force to operate as an entity with no clear 
        accountability. The legislation transfers authority for 
        multicounty drug task forces to the Department of Public Safety 
        and channels one-quarter of asset forfeiture proceeds received 
        by the task forces to a special fund to support drug abuse 
        prevention programs, drug treatment, and other programs 
        designed to reduce drug use in the county where the assets are 
        seized.
            (7) Texas's ``corroboration'' law was passed thanks to a 
        coalition of Christian conservatives and civil rights 
        activists. As one Texas preacher related, requiring 
        corroboration ``puts a protective hedge around the ninth 
        commandment, `You shall not bear false witness against your 
        neighbor.' As long as people bear false witness against their 
        neighbors, this Biblical law will not be outdated.''
            (8) During floor debate, conservative Texas legislators 
        pointed out that Mosaic law requires corroboration: ``One 
        witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or 
        for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two 
        witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter 
        be established.'' Deuteronomy 19:15. Jesus concurred with the 
        corroboration rule: ``If thy brother shall trespass against 
        thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone. . . 
        . But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two 
        more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word 
        may be established.'' Matthew 18:15-16.
            (9) Texas's ``corroboration'' law had an immediate positive 
        impact. Once prosecutors needed more than just the word of one 
        person to convict someone of a drug offense they began 
        scrutinizing law enforcement tactics. This new scrutiny led to 
        the uncovering of massive corruption and civil rights abuse by 
        the Dallas police force. In what became known nationally as the 
        ``Sheetrock'' scandal, Dallas police officers and undercover 
        informants were found to have set up dozens of innocent people, 
        mostly Mexican immigrants, by planting fake drugs on them 
        consisting of chalk-like material used in Sheetrock and other 
        brands of wallboard. The revelations led to the dismissal of 
        over 40 cases (although some of those arrested were already 
        deported). In April 2005, a former Dallas narcotics detective 
        was sentenced to five years in prison for his role in the 
        scheme. Charges against others are pending.
            (10) Many regional antidrug task forces receive up to 75 
        percent of their funding from the Byrne grant program. As such, 
        the United States Government is accountable for corruption and 
        civil rights abuses inherent in their operation.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) grants under the Byrne grants program should be 
        prohibited for States that do not exercise effective control 
        over antidrug task forces;
            (2) at a minimum, no State that fails to prohibit criminal 
        convictions based solely on the testimony of a law enforcement 
        officer or informants should receive a grant under such 
        program; and
            (3) corroborative evidence, such as video or audio tapes, 
        drugs, and money, should always be required for such criminal 
        convictions to be sustained.

SEC. 3004. LIMITATION ON RECEIPT OF BYRNE GRANT FUNDS AND OTHER 
              DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Limitation.--For any fiscal year, a State shall not receive any 
amount that would otherwise be allocated to that State under section 
505(a) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
U.S.C. 3755(a)), or any amount from any other law enforcement 
assistance program of the Department of Justice, unless the State--
            (1) does not fund any antidrug task forces for that fiscal 
        year; or
            (2) has in effect throughout the State laws that ensure--
                    (A) a person is not convicted of a drug offense 
                unless the fact that a drug offense was committed, and 
                the fact that the person committed that offense, are 
                each supported by evidence other than the eyewitness 
                testimony of a law enforcement officer or an individual 
                acting on behalf of a law enforcement officer; and
                    (B) a law enforcement officer does not participate 
                in an antidrug task force unless the honesty and 
                integrity of that officer is evaluated and found to be 
                at an appropriately high level.
    (b) Regulations.--The Attorney General shall prescribe regulations 
to carry out subsection (a).
    (c) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated by reason of subsection 
(a) shall be reallocated to States not disqualified by failure to 
comply with such subsection.

SEC. 3005. COLLECTION OF DATA.

    (a) In General.--A State that receives Federal funds pursuant to 
eligibility under section 3(a)(2), with respect to a fiscal year, shall 
collect data, for the most recent year for which funds were allocated 
to such State, with respect to the--
            (1) racial distribution of charges made during that year;
            (2) nature of the criminal law specified in the charges 
        made; and
            (3) city or law enforcement jurisdiction in which the 
        charges were made.
    (b) Report.--As a condition of receiving Federal funds pursuant to 
section 3(a)(2), a State shall submit to Congress the data collected 
under subsection (a) by not later than the date that is 180 days prior 
to the date on which such funds are awarded for a fiscal year.

                       TITLE IV--JUVENILE JUSTICE

SEC. 4001. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Black men and boys face disproportionate hardships that 
        result in disparities in areas including: education, criminal 
        justice, health, employment, fatherhood, mentorship, and 
        violence. These hardships have negative consequences for 
        national productivity, especially for Black families and 
        communities.
            (2) A Commission to study and examine issues which 
        disproportionately have a negative impact on Black men and boys 
        in America will signal that the issues facing the Black male 
        population are a national priority, will develop solutions to 
        these hardships, and will help eliminate the obstacles facing 
        Black men and boys.
            (3) A Commission will also be able to investigate potential 
        civil rights violations affecting this population that attract 
        national attention.
            (4) Black babies are three times more likely to be born in 
        poverty and rapidly fall behind their White counterparts in 
        cognitive development.
            (5) By fourth grade, Black students are expected to be 
        three years behind White male students. According to the 
        Educational Testing Service Policy Informational Center, only 
        12 percent of Black eighth-grade male students are proficient 
        in math, compared to 44 percent of White eighth-grade male 
        students.
            (6) The Educational Testing Service Policy Informational 
        Center also found that nationally, more than 50 percent of 
        Black male students attending urban schools will drop out.
            (7) The low rate of high school retention among Black male 
        students directly relates to high rates of joblessness and 
        incarceration among this population. This barrier to employment 
        exacerbates cycles of poverty, which in turn results in health 
        inequalities, including higher levels of diabetes, obesity, and 
        HIV/AIDS. According to a study by the American Academy of Arts 
        and Sciences, more than 66 percent of Black male dropouts are 
        expected to serve time in State or Federal prison.
            (8) Black men are subjected to unequal profiling by the 
        police and disproportionately harsh sentences in the judicial 
        system. The Black male population is six times more likely to 
        become incarcerated than their White counterparts. Although the 
        Black male population comprises approximately six percent of 
        the United States population, of the 2,300,000 people 
        incarcerated nationwide, 1 million are Black males. Black males 
        receive ten percent longer Federal sentences than White males 
        who commit the same crime.
            (9) According to the Bureau of Statistics and the Pew 
        Research Center, Black male unemployment is consistently almost 
        double that of White male unemployment.
            (10) Black fathers are more than twice as likely to live 
        apart from their children as White fathers.
            (11) Young boys with male mentors are more likely to 
        progress further in school and have greater financial success 
        in life.

SEC. 4002. COMMISSION ESTABLISHMENT AND MEMBERSHIP.

    (a) Establishment.--The Commission on the Social Status of Black 
Men and Boys (hereinafter in this Act referred to as ``the 
Commission'') is hereby established within the United States Commission 
on Civil Rights Office of the Staff Director.
    (b) Membership.--The Commission shall consist of 19 members 
appointed as follows:
            (1) The Senate majority leader shall appoint one member who 
        is not employed by the Federal Government and is an expert on 
        issues affecting Black men and boys in America.
            (2) The Senate minority leader shall appoint one member who 
        is not employed by the Federal Government and is an expert on 
        issues affecting Black men and boys in America.
            (3) The House of Representatives majority leader shall 
        appoint one member who is not employed by the Federal 
        Government and is an expert on issues affecting Black men and 
        boys in America.
            (4) The House of Representatives minority leader shall 
        appoint one member who is not employed by the Federal 
        Government and is an expert on issues affecting Black men and 
        boys in America.
            (5) The Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) shall 
        be a member of the Commission, as well as five additional 
        Members of the CBC who either sit on the following committees 
        of relevant jurisdiction or who is an expert on issues 
        affecting Black men and boys in America, including--
                    (A) education;
                    (B) justice and Civil Rights;
                    (C) healthcare;
                    (D) labor and employment; and
                    (E) housing.
            (6) The Staff Director from the United States Commission on 
        Civil Rights shall appoint one member from within the staff of 
        the United States Commission on Civil Rights who is an expert 
        in issues relating to Black men and boys.
            (7) The Chair of the United States Equal Employment 
        Opportunity Commission shall appoint one member from within the 
        staff of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity 
        Commission who is an expert in equal employment issues 
        impacting Black men.
            (8) The Secretary of Education shall appoint one member 
        from within the Department of Education who is an expert in 
        urban education.
            (9) The Attorney General of the Department of Justice shall 
        appoint one member from within the Department of Justice who is 
        an expert in racial disparities with the criminal justice 
        system.
            (10) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
        appoint one member from within the Department of Health and 
        Human Services who is an expert in health issues facing Black 
        men.
            (11) The Secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban 
        Development shall appoint one member from within the Department 
        of Housing and Urban Development who is an expert in housing 
        and development in urban communities.
            (12) The Secretary of the Department of Labor shall appoint 
        one member from within the Department of Labor who is an expert 
        in labor issues impacting Black men.
            (13) The President of the United States shall appoint two 
        members who are not employed by the Federal Government and are 
        experts on issues affecting Black men and boys in America.

SEC. 4003. OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO APPOINTMENT; REMOVAL.

    (a) Timing of Initial Appointments.--Each initial appointment to 
the Commission shall be made no later than 90 days after the Commission 
is established. If any appointing authorities fail to appoint a member 
to the Commission, their appointment shall be filled by the United 
States Commission on Civil Rights.
    (b) Terms.--Except as otherwise provided in this section, the term 
of a member of the Commission shall be four years. For the purpose of 
providing staggered terms, the first term of those members initially 
appointed under paragraphs (1) through (5) of section 3 shall be 
appointed to two-year terms with all other terms lasting four years. 
Members are eligible for consecutive reappointment.
    (c) Removal.--A member of the Commission may be removed from the 
Commission at any time by the appointing authority should the member 
fail to meet Commission responsibilities. Once the seat becomes vacant, 
the appointing authority is responsible for filling the vacancy in the 
Commission before the next meeting.
    (d) Vacancies.--The appointing authority of a member of the 
Commission shall either reappoint that member at the end of that 
member's term or appoint another person meeting the qualifications for 
that appointment. In the event of a vacancy arising during a term, the 
appointing authority shall, before the next meeting of the Commission, 
appoint a replacement to finish that term.

SEC. 4004. LEADERSHIP ELECTION.

    At the first meeting of the Commission each year, the members shall 
elect a Chair and a Secretary. A vacancy in the Chair or Secretary 
shall be filled by vote of the remaining members. The Chair and 
Secretary are eligible for consecutive reappointment.

SEC. 4005. COMMISSION DUTIES AND POWERS.

    (a) Study.--The Commission shall make a systematic study of the 
conditions affecting Black men and boys, including, but not limited to, 
homicide rates, arrest and incarceration rates, poverty, violence, 
fatherhood, mentorship, drug abuse, death rates, disparate income and 
wealth levels, school performance in all grade levels including 
postsecondary levels and college, and health issues. The Commission 
shall also document trends under the above topics and report on the 
community impacts of relevant government programs within the scope of 
the above topics. All reports shall be made public via a Federal agency 
website.
    (b) Proposal of Measures.--The Commission shall propose measures to 
alleviate and remedy the underlying causes of the conditions described 
in the subsection (a), which may include recommendations of changes to 
the law, recommendations for how to implement related policies, and 
recommendations for how to create, develop, or improve upon government 
programs.
    (c) Suggestions and Comments.--The Commission shall accept 
suggestions or comments pertinent to the applicable issues from members 
of Congress, governmental agencies, public and private organizations, 
and private citizens.
    (d) Staff and Administrative Support.--The Office of the Staff 
Director of the United States Commission on Civil Rights shall provide 
staff and administrative support to the Commission. All entities of the 
United States Government shall provide information that is otherwise a 
public record at the request of the Commission on Black Men and Boys.

SEC. 4006. COMMISSION MEETING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) First Meeting.--The first meeting of the Commission shall take 
place no later than 30 days after the initial members are all 
appointed. Meetings shall be focused on significant issues impacting 
Black men and boys, for the purpose of initiating research ideas and 
delegating research tasks to Commission members to initiate the first 
semiannual report.
    (b) Quarterly Meetings.--The Commission shall meet quarterly. In 
addition to all quarterly meetings, the Commission shall meet at other 
times at the call of the Chair or as determined by a majority of 
Commission members.
    (c) Quorum; Rule for Voting on Final Actions.--A majority of the 
members of the Commission constitute a quorum, and an affirmative vote 
of a majority of the members present is required for final action.
    (d) Expectations for Attendance by Members.--Members are expected 
to attend all Commission meetings. In the case of an absence, members 
are expected to report to the Chair prior to the meeting and allowance 
may be made for an absent member to participate remotely. Members will 
still be responsible for fulfilling prior commitments, regardless of 
attendance status. If a member is absent twice in a given year, he or 
she will be reviewed by the Chair and appointing authority and further 
action will be considered, including removal and replacement on the 
Commission.
    (e) Minutes.--Minutes shall be taken at each meeting by the 
Secretary, or in that individual's absence, the Chair shall select 
another Commission member to take minutes during that absence. The 
Commission shall make its minutes publicly available and accessible not 
later than one week after each meeting.

SEC. 4007. ANNUAL REPORT GUIDELINES.

    The Commission shall make an annual report, beginning the year of 
the first Commission meeting. The report shall address the current 
conditions affecting Black men and boys and make recommendations to 
address these issues. The report shall be submitted to the President, 
the Congress, members of the President's Cabinet, and the chairs of the 
appropriate committees of jurisdiction. The Commission shall make the 
report publicly available online on a centralized Federal website.

SEC. 4008. COMMISSION COMPENSATION.

    Members of the Commission shall serve on the Commission without 
compensation.

   TITLE V--PARENTAL INCARCERATION (EXCLUDING CASES INVOLVING CRIMES 
                           AGAINST CHILDREN)

SEC. 5001. TREATMENT OF PRIMARY CARETAKER PARENTS AND OTHER INDIVIDUALS 
              IN FEDERAL PRISONS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 303 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 4050. Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other 
              individuals
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `correctional officer' means a correctional 
        officer of the Bureau of Prisons;
            ``(2) the term `Director' means the Director of the Bureau 
        of Prisons;
            ``(3) the term `primary caretaker parent' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 31903 of the Violent Crime Control 
        and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13882); and
            ``(4) the term `prisoner' means an individual who is 
        incarcerated in a Federal penal or correctional institution.
    ``(b) Geographic Placement.--
            ``(1) Establishment of office.--The Director shall 
        establish within the Bureau of Prisons an office that 
        determines the placement of prisoners.
            ``(2) Placement of prisoners.--In determining the placement 
        of a prisoner, the office established under paragraph (1) 
        shall--
                    ``(A) if the prisoner has children, place the 
                prisoner as close to the children as possible; and
                    ``(B) consider any other factor that the office 
                determines appropriate.
    ``(c) Visitation Rules.--The Director shall promulgate regulations 
for visitation between prisoners who are primary caretaker parents and 
their family members under which--
            ``(1) a prisoner may receive visits not fewer than 6 days 
        per week, which shall include Saturday and Sunday;
            ``(2) a Federal penal or correctional institution shall be 
        open for visitation for not fewer than 8 hours per day;
            ``(3) a prisoner may have up to 5 adult visitors and an 
        unlimited number of child visitors per visit; and
            ``(4) a prisoner may have physical contact with visitors 
        unless the prisoner presents an immediate physical danger to 
        the visitors.
    ``(d) Placement in Segregated Housing Units; Prohibition on 
Shackling.--
            ``(1) Placement in segregated housing units.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A Federal penal or correctional 
                institution may not place a prisoner who is pregnant or 
                in the first 8 weeks of postpartum recovery in a 
                segregated housing unit unless the prisoner presents an 
                immediate risk of harm to others or herself.
                    ``(B) Restrictions.--Any placement of a prisoner 
                described in subparagraph (A) in a segregated housing 
                unit shall be limited and temporary.
            ``(2) Prohibition on shackling.--A Federal penal or 
        correctional institution may not use instruments of restraint, 
        including handcuffs, chains, irons, straitjackets, or similar 
        items, on a prisoner who is pregnant.
    ``(e) Parenting Classes.--The Director shall provide parenting 
classes to each prisoner who is a primary caretaker parent.
    ``(f) Trauma-Informed Care.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall provide trauma-
        informed care to each prisoner who is diagnosed with trauma.
            ``(2) Identification and referral.--The Director shall 
        provide training to each correctional officer and each other 
        employee of the Bureau of Prisons who regularly interacts with 
        prisoners, including health care professionals and instructors, 
        to enable the employees to identify prisoners with trauma and 
        refer those prisoners to the proper healthcare professional for 
        treatment.
    ``(g) Mentoring by Former Prisoners.--The Director shall promulgate 
regulations under which an individual who was formerly incarcerated in 
a Federal penal or correctional institution may access such an 
institution to--
            ``(1) act as a mentor for prisoners; and
            ``(2) assist prisoners in reentry.
    ``(h) Ombudsman.--The Attorney General shall designate an ombudsman 
to oversee and monitor, with respect to Federal penal and correctional 
institutions--
            ``(1) prisoner transportation;
            ``(2) use of segregated housing;
            ``(3) strip searches of prisoners; and
            ``(4) civil rights violations.
    ``(i) Telecommunications.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director--
                    ``(A) may not charge a fee for a telephone call 
                made by a prisoner; and
                    ``(B) shall make videoconferencing available to 
                prisoners in each Federal penal or correctional 
                institution free of charge.
            ``(2) Rule of construction.--Nothing in paragraph (1)(B) 
        shall be construed to authorize the Director to use 
        videoconferencing as a substitute for in-person visits.
    ``(j) Inmate Health.--
            ``(1) Healthcare products.--
                    ``(A) Availability.--The Director shall make the 
                healthcare products described in subparagraph (C) 
                available to prisoners for free, in a quantity that is 
                appropriate to the healthcare needs of each prisoner.
                    ``(B) Quality of products.--The Director shall 
                ensure that the healthcare products provided under this 
                paragraph conform with applicable industry standards.
                    ``(C) Products.--The healthcare products described 
                in this subparagraph are--
                            ``(i) tampons;
                            ``(ii) sanitary napkins;
                            ``(iii) moisturizing soap, which may not be 
                        lye-based;
                            ``(iv) shampoo;
                            ``(v) body lotion;
                            ``(vi) Vaseline;
                            ``(vii) toothpaste;
                            ``(viii) toothbrushes;
                            ``(ix) aspirin;
                            ``(x) ibuprofen; and
                            ``(xi) any other healthcare product that 
                        the Director determines appropriate.
            ``(2) Gynecologist access.--The Director shall ensure that 
        female prisoners have access to a gynecologist.
    ``(k) Use of Sex-Appropriate Correctional Officers.--
            ``(1) Regulations.--The Director shall promulgate 
        regulations under which--
                    ``(A) a correctional officer may not conduct a 
                strip search of a prisoner of the opposite sex unless--
                            ``(i) the prisoner presents a risk of 
                        immediate harm to herself or himself or others; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) no other correctional officer of the 
                        same sex as the prisoner is available to 
                        assist; and
                    ``(B) a correctional officer may not enter a 
                restroom reserved for prisoners of the opposite sex 
                unless--
                            ``(i)(I) a prisoner in the restroom 
                        presents a risk of immediate harm to herself or 
                        himself or others; or
                            ``(II) there is a medical emergency in the 
                        restroom; and
                            ``(ii) no other correctional officer of the 
                        appropriate sex is available to assist.
            ``(2) Relation to other laws.--Nothing in paragraph (1) 
        shall be construed to affect the requirements under the Prison 
        Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (42 U.S.C. 15601 et seq.).''.
    (b) Substance Abuse Treatment.--Section 3621(e) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Eligibility of primary caretaker parents and pregnant 
        women.--The Bureau of Prisons may not prohibit a prisoner who 
        is a primary caretaker parent (as defined in section 4050) or 
        pregnant from participating in a program of residential 
        substance abuse treatment provided under paragraph (1) based on 
        the failure of the individual, before being committed to the 
        custody of the Bureau, to disclose to any official that the 
        individual had a substance abuse problem.''.
    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 303 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

``4050. Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other 
                            individuals.''.

SEC. 5002. OVERNIGHT VISIT PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``Director'' means the Director of the Bureau 
        of Prisons;
            (2) the term ``primary caretaker parent'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 31903 of the Violent Crime Control 
        and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13882); and
            (3) the term ``prisoner'' means an individual who is 
        incarcerated in a Federal penal or correctional institution.
    (b) Pilot Program.--The Director shall carry out a pilot program 
under which prisoners who are primary caretaker parents and meet 
eligibility criteria established by the Director may receive overnight 
visits from family members.
    (c) Eligibility Criteria.--In establishing eligibility criteria for 
the pilot program under subsection (b), the Director shall--
            (1) require that a prisoner have displayed good behavior; 
        and
            (2) prohibit participation by any prisoner who has been 
        convicted of a crime of violence (as defined in section 16 of 
        title 18, United States Code).

                      TITLE VI--SENTENCING REFORM

SEC. 6001. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Mandatory minimum sentences are statutorily prescribed 
        terms of imprisonment that automatically attach upon conviction 
        of certain criminal conduct, usually pertaining to drug or 
        firearm offenses. Absent very narrow criteria for relief, a 
        sentencing judge is powerless to mandate a term of imprisonment 
        below the mandatory minimum. Mandatory minimum sentences for 
        drug offenses rely solely upon the weight of the substance as a 
        proxy for the degree of involvement of a defendant's role.
            (2) In the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986, and at the height 
        of the public outcry over crack cocaine, Congress acted 
        hastily, without sufficient hearings, and enacted hard line 
        penalties that targeted low-level drug offenders. These 
        penalties included new, long mandatory minimum sentences for 
        such offenders.
            (3) According to the Bureau of Prisons, in 1986, when the 
        new drug law containing lengthy mandatory minimum sentences 
        passed, the prison population was 46,055. Today, the Federal 
        prison population is over 186,094 prisoners, up almost 300 
        percent in 31 years.
            (4) According to the Bureau of Prisons, the cost to keep 
        one prisoner in Federal prison for one year is over $31,000.
            (5) According to the Department of Justice, since the 
        enactment of mandatory minimum sentencing for drug users, the 
        Federal Bureau of Prisons budget increased from $876 million in 
        1987 to about $7.1 billion in 2017.
            (6) According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission, between 
        1995 and 2010, over 400,000 drug offenders were sentenced under 
        Federal law; of these, almost 250,000 (61 percent) received 
        mandatory minimum sentences.
            (7) According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission, drug 
        offenders released from prison in 1986 who had been sentenced 
        before the adoption of mandatory sentences and sentencing 
        guidelines had served an average of 22 months in prison. In 
        2010, almost two-thirds of all drug offenders received a 
        mandatory sentence, with most receiving a 10-year minimum. Most 
        of these offenders are nonviolent or lower-level offenders with 
        little or no criminal history: in 2010, 51.6 percent had few or 
        no prior convictions, 83.6 percent did not have weapons 
        involved in their offense, and only 6 percent were considered 
        leaders, managers, or supervisors of drug operations.
            (8) Mandatory minimum sentences have consistently been 
        shown to have a disproportionate impact on African-Americans. 
        The United States Sentencing Commission, in a 15-year overview 
        of the Federal sentencing system, concluded that ``mandatory 
        penalty statutes are used inconsistently'' and 
        disproportionately affect African-American defendants. African-
        American drug defendants are 20 percent more likely to be 
        sentenced to prison than White drug defendants.
            (9) According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission, between 
        1994 and 2003, the average time served by African-Americans for 
        a drug offense increased by 62 percent, compared to a 17 
        percent increase among White drug defendants.
            (10) According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
        Services Administration, government surveys document that drug 
        use is roughly consistent across racial and ethnic groups. 
        While there is less data available regarding drug sellers, 
        research from the Office of National Drug Control Policy and 
        the National Institute of Justice has found that drug users 
        generally buy drugs from someone of their own racial or ethnic 
        background. But, according to the U.S. Sentencing Commission, 
        over 70 percent of all Federal narcotics offenders sentenced 
        each year are African-Americans and Hispanic Americans, many of 
        whom are low-level offenders.
            (11) As a result of Federal prosecutors' focus on low-level 
        drug offenders, the overwhelming majority of individuals 
        subject to the heightened crack cocaine penalties are African-
        American. According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission's 2007 
        Report to Congress on crack cocaine, only 8.8 percent of 
        Federal crack cocaine convictions were imposed on White 
        Americans, while 81.8 percent and 8.4 percent were imposed on 
        African-Americans and Hispanics, respectively.
            (12) According to the U.S. Census, African-Americans 
        comprise 12 percent of the U.S. population and, according to 
        the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 
        about 10 percent of all drug users, but almost 30 percent of 
        all Federal drug convictions according to the U.S. Sentencing 
        Commission.
            (13) According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission, African-
        Americans, on average, now serve almost as much time in Federal 
        prison for a drug offense (58.7 months) as Whites do for a 
        violent offense (61.7 months).
            (14) According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission, in 2010, 
        almost 30 percent of women entering Federal prison did so for a 
        drug offense. Linking drug quantity with punishment severity 
        has had a particularly profound impact on women, who are more 
        likely to play peripheral roles in a drug enterprise than men. 
        However, because prosecutors can attach drug quantities to an 
        individual regardless of the level of a defendant's 
        participation in the charged offense, women have been exposed 
        to increasingly punitive sentences to incarceration.
            (15) Low-level and mid-level drug offenders can be 
        adequately prosecuted by the States and punished or supervised 
        in treatment as appropriate.
            (16) The Departments of Justice, Treasury, and Homeland 
        Security are the agencies with the greatest capacity to 
        investigate, prosecute and dismantle the highest level of drug 
        trafficking organizations. Low-level drug offender 
        investigations and prosecutions divert Federal personnel and 
        resources from prosecuting high-level traffickers.
            (17) Congress must have the most current information on the 
        number of prosecutions of high-level and low-level drug 
        offenders in order to properly reauthorize Federal drug 
        enforcement programs.
            (18) Congress has an obligation to taxpayers to use 
        sentencing policies that are cost-effective and increase public 
        safety, in addition to establishing a criminal justice system 
        that is fair, efficient and provides just sentences for 
        offenders. Mandatory sentences have not been conclusively shown 
        to reduce recidivism or deter crime.
            (19) Prisons are important and expensive; the limited 
        resources in the Federal criminal justice system should be used 
        to protect society by incapacitating dangerous and violent 
        offenders who pose a threat to public safety. The Federal 
        judiciary has the expertise and is in the best position to 
        sentence each offender and determine who should be sent to 
        Federal prisons and the amount of time each offender should 
        serve.

SEC. 6002. APPROVAL OF CERTAIN PROSECUTIONS BY ATTORNEY GENERAL.

    A Federal prosecution for an offense under the Controlled 
Substances Act, the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act, or for 
any conspiracy to commit such an offense, where the offense involves 
the illegal distribution or possession of a controlled substance in an 
amount less than that amount specified as a minimum for an offense 
under section 401(b)(1)(A) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 
841(b)(1)(A)) or, in the case of any substance containing cocaine or 
cocaine base, in an amount less than 500 grams, shall not be commenced 
without the prior written approval of the Attorney General.

SEC. 6003. MODIFICATION OF CERTAIN SENTENCING PROVISIONS.

    (a) Section 404.--Section 404(a) of the Controlled Substances Act 
(21 U.S.C. 844(a)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``not less than 15 days but'';
            (2) by striking ``not less than 90 days but''; and
            (3) by striking the sentence beginning ``The imposition or 
        execution of a minimum sentence''.
    (b) Section 401.--Section 401(b) of the Controlled Substances Act 
(21 U.S.C. 841(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                    (A) by striking ``which may not be less than 10 
                years and or more than'' and inserting ``for any term 
                of years or for'';
                    (B) by striking ``and if death'' the first place it 
                appears and all that follows through ``20 years or more 
                than life'' the first place it appears;
                    (C) by striking ``which may not be less than 20 
                years and not more than life imprisonment'' and 
                inserting ``for any term of years or for life'';
                    (D) by inserting ``imprisonment for any term of 
                years or'' after ``if death or serious bodily injury 
                results from the use of such substance shall be 
                sentenced to'';
                    (E) by striking the sentence beginning ``If any 
                person commits a violation of this subparagraph''; and
                    (F) by striking the sentence beginning 
                ``Notwithstanding any other provision of law'' and the 
                sentence beginning ``No person sentenced''; and
            (2) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                    (A) by striking ``which may not be less than 5 
                years and'' and inserting ``for'';
                    (B) by striking ``not less than 20 years or more 
                than'' and inserting ``for any term of years or to'';
                    (C) by striking ``which may not be less than 10 
                years and more than'' and inserting ``for any term of 
                years or for'';
                    (D) by inserting ``imprisonment for any term of 
                years or to'' after ``if death or serious bodily injury 
                results from the use of such substance shall be 
                sentenced to''; and
                    (E) by striking the sentence beginning 
                ``Notwithstanding any other provision of law''.
    (c) Section 1010.--Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances 
Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``of not less than 10 years and not 
                more than'' and inserting ``for any term of years or 
                for'';
                    (B) by striking ``and if death'' the first place it 
                appears and all that follows through ``20 years and not 
                more than life'' the first place it appears;
                    (C) by striking ``of not less than 20 years and not 
                more than life imprisonment'' and inserting ``for any 
                term of years or for life'';
                    (D) by inserting ``imprisonment for any term of 
                years or to'' after ``if death or serious bodily injury 
                results from the use of such substance shall be 
                sentenced to''; and
                    (E) by striking the sentence beginning 
                ``Notwithstanding any other provision of law''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``not less than 5 years and'';
                    (B) by striking ``of not less than twenty years and 
                not more than'' and inserting ``for any term of years 
                or for'';
                    (C) by striking ``of not less than 10 years and not 
                more than'' and inserting ``for any term of years or 
                to'';
                    (D) by inserting ``imprisonment for any term of 
                years or to'' after ``if death or serious bodily injury 
                results from the use of such substance shall be 
                sentenced to''; and
                    (E) by striking the sentence beginning 
                ``Notwithstanding any other provision of law''.
    (d) Section 418.--Section 418 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 
U.S.C. 859) is amended by striking the sentence beginning ``Except to 
the extent'' each place it appears and by striking the sentence 
beginning ``The mandatory minimum''.
    (e) Section 419.--Section 419 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 
U.S.C. 860) is amended by striking the sentence beginning ``Except to 
the extent'' each place it appears and by striking the sentence 
beginning ``The mandatory minimum''.
    (f) Section 420.--Section 420 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 
U.S.C. 861) is amended--
            (1) in each of subsections (b) and (c), by striking the 
        sentence beginning ``Except to the extent'';
            (2) by striking subsection (e); and
            (3) in subsection (f), by striking ``, (c), and (e)'' and 
        inserting ``and (c)''.

SEC. 6004. ELIGIBILITY FOR RESENTENCING BASED ON CHANGES IN LAW.

    In the case of a defendant who was sentenced to a term of 
imprisonment for an offense for which the minimum or maximum term of 
imprisonment was subsequently reduced as a result of the amendments 
made by this Act, upon motion of the defendant, counsel for the 
defendant, counsel for the Government, or the Director of the Bureau of 
Prisons, or, on its own motion, the court may reduce the term of 
imprisonment consistent with that reduction, after considering the 
factors set forth in subsections (a) and (d) through (g) of section 
3553 to the extent applicable. If the court does grant a sentence 
reduction, the reduced sentence shall not be less than permitted under 
current statutory law. If the court denies a motion made under this 
paragraph, the movant may file another motion under this subsection, 
not earlier than 5 years after each denial, which may be granted if the 
offender demonstrates the offender's compliance with recidivism-
reduction programming or other efforts the offender has undertaken to 
improve the likelihood of successful re-entry and decrease any risk to 
public safety posed by the defendant's release. If the court denies the 
motion due to incorrect legal conclusions or facts or other mistakes by 
the court, probation officer, or counsel, the defendant may file 
another motion under this subsection at any time."

SEC. 6005. DIRECTIVES TO THE SENTENCING COMMISSION.

    (a) Generally.--Pursuant to its authority under section 994(p) of 
title 28, United States Code, and in accordance with this section, the 
United States Sentencing Commission shall review and amend its 
guidelines and its policy statements applicable to persons convicted of 
an offense under the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), 
the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 951 et 
seq.), or any offense deriving its penalties therefrom to ensure that 
the guidelines and policy statements are consistent with the amendments 
made by this title.
    (b) Considerations.--In carrying out this section, the United 
States Sentencing Commission shall consider--
            (1) the mandate of the United States Sentencing Commission, 
        under section 994(g) of title 28, United States Code, to 
        formulate the sentencing guidelines in such a way as to 
        ``minimize the likelihood that the Federal prison population 
        will exceed the capacity of the Federal prisons'';
            (2) the relevant public safety concerns, including the need 
        to preserve limited prison resources for more serious, repeat, 
        and violent offenders;
            (3) the intent of Congress that violent, repeat, and high-
        level drug traffickers who present public safety risks receive 
        sufficiently severe sentences, and that nonviolent, lower- and 
        street-level drug offenders without serious records receive 
        proportionally less severe sentences;
            (4) the fiscal implications of any amendments or revisions 
        to the sentencing guidelines or policy statements made by the 
        United States Sentencing Commission;
            (5) the appropriateness of, and likelihood of unwarranted 
        sentencing disparity resulting from, use of drug type and 
        quantity as the primary factors determining a sentencing 
        guideline range; and
            (6) the need to reduce and prevent racial disparities in 
        Federal sentencing.
    (c) General Instruction to Sentencing Commission.--Section 994(h) 
of title 28, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(h) The Commission shall ensure that the guidelines specify a 
sentence to a term of imprisonment at or near the maximum term 
authorized for categories of defendants in which the defendant is 18 
years old or older and--
            ``(1) has been convicted of a felony that is--
                    ``(A) a violent felony as defined in section 
                924(e)(2)(B) of title 18; or
                    ``(B) an offense under--
                            ``(i) section 401 of the Controlled 
                        Substances Act;
                            ``(ii) section 1002(a), 1005, or 1009 of 
                        the Controlled Substances Import and Export 
                        Act; or
                            ``(iii) chapter 705 of title 46, United 
                        States Code; and
            ``(2) has previously been convicted of two or more prior 
        offenses, each of which is--
                    ``(A) is classified by the applicable law of the 
                convicting jurisdiction as a felony; and
                    ``(B) is (i) a violent felony as defined in section 
                924(e)(2)(B) of title 18; or
                            ``(ii) a felony drug offense as defined in 
                        section 102(44) of the Controlled Substances 
                        Act.''.

SEC. 6006. EXCLUSION OF ACQUITTED CONDUCT AND DISCRETION TO DISREGARD 
              MANIPULATED CONDUCT FROM CONSIDERATION DURING SENTENCING.

    (a) Acquitted Conduct Not To Be Considered in Sentencing.--Section 
3661 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the period 
at the end and inserting ``, except that a court shall not consider 
conduct of which a person has not been convicted.''.
    (b) Providing Discretion To Disregard Certain Factors in 
Sentencing.--
            (1) Title 18, united states code.--Section 3553 of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
    ``(g) Discretion To Disregard Certain Factors.--A court, in 
sentencing a defendant convicted under the Controlled Substances Act, 
the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act, any offense deriving 
its penalties from either such Act, or an offense under section 924(c) 
based on a drug trafficking crime, may disregard, in determining the 
statutory range, calculating the guideline range or considering the 
factors set forth in section 3553(a), any type or quantity of a 
controlled substance, counterfeit substance, firearm or ammunition that 
was determined by a confidential informant, cooperating witness, or law 
enforcement officer who solicited the defendant to participate in a 
reverse sting or fictitious stash-house robbery.''.
            (2) Controlled substances act.--Section 401(b)(1) of the 
        Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1)) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) In the case of a person who conspires to 
                commit an offense under this title, the type and 
                quantity of the controlled or counterfeit substance for 
                the offense that was the object of the conspiracy shall 
                be the type and quantity involved in--
                            ``(i) the defendant's own unlawful acts; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) any unlawful act of a co-conspirator 
                        that--
                                    ``(I) the defendant agreed to 
                                jointly undertake;
                                    ``(II) was in furtherance of that 
                                unlawful act the defendant agreed to 
                                jointly undertake; and
                                    ``(III) was intended by the 
                                defendant.''.
            (3) Controlled substances import and export act.--Section 
        1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 
        U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) In the case of a person who conspires to commit an 
        offense under this title, the type and quantity of the 
        controlled or counterfeit substance for the offense that was 
        the object of the conspiracy shall be the type and quantity 
        involved in--
                    ``(A) the defendant's own unlawful acts; and
                    ``(B) any unlawful act of a co-conspirator that--
                            ``(i) the defendant agreed to jointly 
                        undertake;
                            ``(ii) was in furtherance of that unlawful 
                        act the defendant agreed to jointly undertake; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) was intended by the defendant.''.
            (4) Directive to the sentencing commission.--Pursuant to 
        its authority under section 994(p) of title 28, United States 
        Code, and in accordance with this section, the United States 
        Sentencing Commission shall review and amend its guidelines and 
        policy statements applicable to relevant conduct to ensure that 
        they are consistent with the amendments made by this section.
            (5) Definitions.--The following definitions apply in this 
        section:
                    (A) Reverse sting.--The term ``reverse sting'' 
                means a situation in which a person who is a law 
                enforcement officer or is acting on behalf of law 
                enforcement initiates a transaction involving the sale 
                of a controlled substance, counterfeit substance, 
                firearms or ammunition to a targeted individual.
                    (B) Stash house.--The term ``stash house'' means a 
                location where drugs and/or money are stored in 
                furtherance of a drug distribution operation.
                    (C) Fictitious stash house robbery.--The term 
                ``fictitious stash house robbery'' means a situation in 
                which a person who is a law enforcement officer or is 
                acting on behalf of law enforcement describes a 
                fictitious stash house to a targeted individual and 
                invites the targeted individual to rob such fictitious 
                stash house.

SEC. 6007. AMENDMENTS TO ENHANCED PENALTIES PROVISION.

    Section 924(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking, ``In the case of a 
        second or subsequent conviction under this subsection'' and 
        inserting ``If a person is convicted under this subsection 
        after a prior conviction under this subsection has become 
        final'';
            (2) in clause (i), by striking ``not less than 25 years'' 
        and inserting ``no greater than 25 years'';
            (3) by removing the language ``or drug trafficking crime'' 
        every time it appears;
            (4) by removing paragraph (2); and
            (5) by renumbering paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) as (2), 
        (3), and (4), respectively.

SEC. 6008. ABILITY TO PETITION FOR RELEASE TO EXTENDED SUPERVISION FOR 
              CERTAIN PRISONERS WHO ARE MEDICALLY INCAPACITATED, 
              GERIATRIC, OR CAREGIVER PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN AND WHO 
              DO NOT POSE PUBLIC SAFETY RISKS.

    (a) Eligibility.--Subparagraph (A) of section 3582(c)(1) of title 
18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(A) the court, upon motion of the defendant, the 
                Director of the Bureau of Prisons, or on its own 
                motion, may reduce the term of imprisonment after 
                considering the factors set forth in section 3553(a) to 
                the extent they are applicable, if it finds that--
                            ``(i) extraordinary and compelling reasons 
                        warrant such a reduction; or
                            ``(ii) the defendant--
                                    ``(I) is at least 60 years of age;
                                    ``(II) has an extraordinary health 
                                condition; or
                                    ``(III) has been notified that--
                                            ``(aa) the primary 
                                        caregiver of the defendant's 
                                        biological or adopted child 
                                        under the age of 18 has died or 
                                        has become medically, mentally, 
                                        or psychologically 
                                        incapacitated;
                                            ``(bb) the primary 
                                        caregiver is therefore unable 
                                        to care for the child any 
                                        longer; and
                                            ``(cc) other family members 
                                        or caregivers are unable to 
                                        care for the child, such that 
                                        the child is at risk of being 
                                        placed in the foster care 
                                        system; and''.
    (b) Ineligibility and Procedure.--Section 3582 of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Ineligibility.--No prisoner is eligible for a modification of 
sentence under subsection (c)(1)(A) if the prisoner is serving a 
sentence of imprisonment for any of the following offenses:
            ``(1) A Federal conviction for homicide in which the 
        prisoner was proven beyond a reasonable doubt to have had the 
        intent to cause death and death resulted.
            ``(2) A Federal crime of terrorism, as defined under 
        section 2332b(g)(5).
            ``(3) A Federal sex offense, as described in section 111 of 
        the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (42 U.S.C. 
        16911).
    ``(f) Requirements for Certain Motions.--If the prisoner makes a 
motion under subsection (c)(1)(A) on the basis of an extraordinary 
health condition or the death or incapacitation of the primary 
caregiver of the prisoner's minor child, that prisoner shall provide 
documentation, as the case may be--
            ``(1) setting forth a relevant diagnosis regarding the 
        extraordinary health condition; or
            ``(2) that--
                    ``(A) the requirements of subsection 
                (c)(1)(A)(ii)(III) are met; and
                    ``(B) the prisoner's release--
                            ``(i) is in the best interest of the child; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) would not endanger public safety.
    ``(g) Procedure for Court Determination.--(1) Upon receipt of a 
prisoner's motion under subsection (c)(1)(A), the court, after 
obtaining relevant contact information from the Attorney General, shall 
send notice of the motion to the victim or victims, or appropriate 
surviving relatives of a deceased victim, of the crime committed by the 
prisoner. The notice shall inform the victim or victims or surviving 
relatives of a deceased victim of how to provide a statement prior to a 
determination by the court on the motion.
    ``(2) Not later than 60 days after receiving a prisoner's motion 
for modification under subsection (c)(1)(A), the court shall hold a 
hearing on the motion if the motion has not been granted.
    ``(3) The court shall grant the modification under subsection 
(c)(1)(A) if the court determines that--
            ``(A) the prisoner meets the criteria pursuant to section 
        (c)(1)(A); and
            ``(B) there is a low likelihood that the prisoner will pose 
        a risk to public safety.
    ``(4) In determining a prisoner's motion for a modification of 
sentence under subsection (c)(1)(A) the court shall consider the 
following:
            ``(A) The age of the prisoner and years served in prison.
            ``(B) The criminogenic needs and risk factors of the 
        offender.
            ``(C) The prisoner's behavior in prison.
            ``(D) An evaluation of the prisoner's community and 
        familial bonds.
            ``(E) An evaluation of the prisoner's health.
            ``(F) A victim statement, if applicable, pursuant to 
        paragraph (1).
    ``(h) Actions With Respect to Successful Motion.--If the court 
grants the prisoner's motion pursuant to subsection (c)(1)(A), the 
court shall--
            ``(1) reduce the term of imprisonment for the prisoner in a 
        manner that provides for the release of the prisoner not later 
        than 30 days after the date on which the prisoner was approved 
        for sentence modification;
            ``(2) modify the remainder of the term of imprisonment to 
        home confinement or residential re-entry confinement with or 
        without electronic monitoring; or
            ``(3) lengthen or impose a term of supervised release so 
        that it expires on the same date as if the defendant received 
        no relief under subsection (c)(1) (A) .
    ``(i) Subsequent Motions.--If the court denies a prisoner's motion 
pursuant to subsection (c)(1)(A), the prisoner may not file another 
motion under subsection (c)(1)(A) earlier than one year after the date 
of denial. If the court denies the motion due to incorrect legal 
conclusions or facts or other mistakes by the court, probation officer, 
or counsel, the prisoner may file another motion under that subsection 
without regard to this limitation.
    ``(j) Definition.--In this section, the term `extraordinary health 
conditions' means a condition afflicting a person, such as infirmity, 
significant disability, or a need for advanced medical treatment or 
services not readily or reasonably available within the correctional 
institution.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section take 
effect 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act.

                    TITLE VII--DEATH PENALTY REFORM

SEC. 7001. REPEAL OF FEDERAL LAWS PROVIDING FOR THE DEATH PENALTY.

    (a) Homicide-Related Offenses.--
            (1) Murder related to the smuggling of aliens.--Section 
        274(a)(1)(B)(iv) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
        U.S.C. 1324(a)(1)(B)(iv)) is amended by striking ``punished by 
        death or''.
            (2) Destruction of aircraft, motor vehicles, or related 
        facilities resulting in death.--Section 34 of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``to the death penalty 
        or''.
            (3) Murder committed during a drug-related drive-by 
        shooting.--Section 36(b)(2)(A) of title 18, United States Code, 
        is amended by striking ``death or''.
            (4) Murder committed at an airport serving international 
        civil aviation.--Section 37(a) of title 18, United States Code, 
        is amended, in the matter following paragraph (2), by striking 
        ``punished by death or''.
            (5) Murder committed using chemical weapons.--Section 
        229A(a)(2) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``DEATH 
                PENALTY'' and inserting ``CAUSING DEATH''; and
                    (B) by striking ``punished by death or''.
            (6) Civil rights offenses resulting in death.--Chapter 13 
        of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in section 241, by striking ``, or may be 
                sentenced to death'';
                    (B) in section 242, by striking ``, or may be 
                sentenced to death'';
                    (C) in section 245(b), by striking ``, or may be 
                sentenced to death''; and
                    (D) in section 247(d)(1), by striking ``, or may be 
                sentenced to death''.
            (7) Murder of a member of congress, an important executive 
        official, or a supreme court justice.--Section 351 of title 18, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking ``(1)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``, or (2) by death'' and 
                        all that follows through the end of the 
                        subsection and inserting a period; and
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) by striking ``(1)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``, or (2) by death'' and 
                        all that follows through the end of the 
                        subsection and inserting a period.
            (8) Death resulting from offenses involving transportation 
        of explosives, destruction of government property, or 
        destruction of property related to foreign or interstate 
        commerce.--Section 844 of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (d), by striking ``or to the 
                death penalty'';
                    (B) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``subject to 
                the death penalty, or'';
                    (C) in subsection (i), by striking ``or to the 
                death penalty''; and
                    (D) in subsection (n), by striking ``(other than 
                the penalty of death)''.
            (9) Murder committed by use of a firearm or armor piercing 
        ammunition during commission of a crime of violence or a drug 
        trafficking crime.--Section 924 of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (c)(5)(B)(i), by striking 
                ``punished by death or''; and
                    (B) in subsection (j)(1), by striking ``by death 
                or''.
            (10) Genocide.--Section 1091(b)(1) of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``death or''.
            (11) First degree murder.--Section 1111(b) of title 18, 
        United States Code, is amended by striking ``by death or''.
            (12) Murder by a federal prisoner.--Section 1118 of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``by death or''; 
                and
                    (B) in subsection (b), in the third undesignated 
                paragraph--
                            (i) by inserting ``or'' before ``an 
                        indeterminate''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``, or an unexecuted 
                        sentence of death''.
            (13) Murder of a state or local law enforcement official or 
        other person aiding in a federal investigation; murder of a 
        state correctional officer.--Section 1121 of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``by sentence of 
                death or''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``or death''.
            (14) Murder during a kidnapping.--Section 1201(a) of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``death or''.
            (15) Murder during a hostage-taking.--Section 1203(a) of 
        title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``death 
        or''.
            (16) Murder with the intent of preventing testimony by a 
        witness, victim, or informant.--Section 1512(a)(2)(A) of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``the death 
        penalty or''.
            (17) Mailing of injurious articles with intent to kill or 
        resulting in death.--Section 1716(j)(3) of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``to the death penalty 
        or''.
            (18) Assassination or kidnapping resulting in the death of 
        the president or vice president.--Section 1751 of title 18, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking ``(1)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``, or (2) by death'' and 
                        all that follows through the end of the 
                        subsection and inserting a period; and
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) by striking ``(1)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``, or (2) by death'' and 
                        all that follows through the end of the 
                        subsection and inserting a period.
            (19) Murder for hire.--Section 1958(a) of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``death or''.
            (20) Murder involved in a racketeering offense.--Section 
        1959(a)(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
        striking ``death or''.
            (21) Willful wrecking of a train resulting in death.--
        Section 1992 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), in the matter following 
                paragraph (10), by striking ``or subject to death,''; 
                and
                    (B) in subsection (b), in the matter following 
                paragraph (3), by striking ``, and if the offense 
                resulted in the death of any person, the person may be 
                sentenced to death''.
            (22) Bank robbery-related murder or kidnapping.--Section 
        2113(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking 
        ``death or''.
            (23) Murder related to a carjacking.--Section 2119(3) of 
        title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``, or 
        sentenced to death''.
            (24) Murder related to aggravated child sexual abuse.--
        Section 2241(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
        striking ``unless the death penalty is imposed,''.
            (25) Murder related to sexual abuse.--Section 2245 of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``punished by 
        death or''.
            (26) Murder related to sexual exploitation of children.--
        Section 2251(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
        striking ``punished by death or''.
            (27) Murder committed during an offense against maritime 
        navigation.--Section 2280(a)(1) of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``punished by death or''.
            (28) Murder committed during an offense against a maritime 
        fixed platform.--Section 2281(a)(1) of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``punished by death or''.
            (29) Murder using devices or dangerous substances in waters 
        of the united states.--Section 2282A of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (b); and
                    (B) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as 
                subsections (b) and (c), respectively.
            (30) Murder involving the transportation of explosive, 
        biological, chemical, or radioactive or nuclear materials.--
        Section 2283 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (b); and
                    (B) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection 
                (b).
            (31) Murder involving the destruction of vessel or maritime 
        facility.--Section 2291(d) of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``to the death penalty or''.
            (32) Murder of a united states national in another 
        country.--Section 2332(a)(1) of title 18, United States Code, 
        is amended by striking ``death or''.
            (33) Murder by the use of a weapon of mass destruction.--
        Section 2332a of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), in the matter following 
                paragraph (4), by striking ``, and if death results 
                shall be punished by death'' and all that follows 
                through the end of the subsection and inserting a 
                period; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``, and if death 
                results shall be punished by death'' and all that 
                follows through the end of the subsection and inserting 
                a period.
            (34) Murder by act of terrorism transcending national 
        boundaries.--Section 2332b(c)(1)(A) of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``by death, or''.
            (35) Murder involving torture.--Section 2340A(a) of title 
        18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``punished by 
        death or''.
            (36) Murder involving a war crime.--Section 2441(a) of 
        title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``, and if 
        death results to the victim, shall also be subject to the 
        penalty of death''.
            (37) Murder related to a continuing criminal enterprise or 
        related murder of a federal, state, or local law enforcement 
        officer.--Section 408(e) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 
        U.S.C. 848(e)) is amended--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Death 
                Penalty'' and inserting ``Intentional Killing''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) subparagraph (A), by striking ``, or 
                        may be sentenced to death''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``, 
                        or may be sentenced to death''.
            (38) Death resulting from aircraft hijacking.--Section 
        46502 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(2)(B), by striking ``put to 
                death or''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)(1)(B), by striking ``put to 
                death or''.
    (b) Non-Homicide-Related Offenses.--
            (1) Espionage.--Section 794(a) of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``punished by death or'' and all 
        that follows before the period and inserting ``imprisoned for 
        any term of years or for life''.
            (2) Treason.--Section 2381 of title 18, United States Code, 
        is amended by striking ``shall suffer death, or''.
    (c) Title 10.--
            (1) In general.--Section 856 of title 10 is amended by 
        inserting before the period at the end the following: ``, 
        except that the punishment may not include death''.
            (2) Offenses.--
                    (A) Conspiracy.--Section 881(b) of title 10, United 
                States Code (article 81(b) of the Uniform Code of 
                Military Justice), is amended by striking ``, if death 
                results'' and all that follows through the end and 
                inserting ``as a court-martial or military commission 
                may direct.''.
                    (B) Desertion.--Section 885(c) of title 10, United 
                States Code (article 85(c)), is amended by striking ``, 
                if the offense is committed in time of war'' and all 
                that follows through the end and inserting ``as a 
                court-martial may direct.''.
                    (C) Assaulting or willfully disobeying superior 
                commissioned officer.--Section 890 of title 10, United 
                States Code (article 90), is amended by striking ``, if 
                the offense is committed in time of war'' and all that 
                follows and inserting ``as a court-martial may 
                direct.''.
                    (D) Mutiny or sedition.--Section 894(b) of title 
                10, United States Code (article 94(b)), is amended by 
                striking ``by death or such other punishment''.
                    (E) Misbehavior before the enemy.--Section 899 of 
                title 10, United States Code (article 99), is amended 
                by striking ``by death or such other punishment''.
                    (F) Subordinate compelling surrender.--Section 900 
                of title 10, United States Code (article 100), is 
                amended by striking ``by death or such other 
                punishment''.
                    (G) Improper use of countersign.--Section 901 of 
                title 10, United States Code (article 101), is amended 
                by striking ``by death or such other punishment''.
                    (H) Forcing a safeguard.--Section 902 of title 10, 
                United States Code (article 102), is amended by 
                striking ``suffer death'' and all that follows and 
                inserting ``be punished as a court-martial may 
                direct.''.
                    (I) Aiding the enemy.--Section 904 of title 10, 
                United States Code (article 104), is amended by 
                striking ``suffer death or such other punishment as a 
                court-martial or military commission may direct'' and 
                inserting ``be punished as a court-martial or military 
                commission may direct''.
                    (J) Spies.--Section 906 of title 10, United States 
                Code (article 106), is amended by striking ``by death'' 
                and inserting ``by imprisonment for life''.
                    (K) Espionage.--Section 906a of title 10, United 
                States Code (article 106a), is amended--
                            (i) by striking subsections (b) and (c);
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and 
                        (3) of subsection (a) as subsections (b) and 
                        (c), respectively;
                            (iii) in subsection (a)--
                                    (I) by striking ``(1)'';
                                    (II) by striking ``paragraph (2)'' 
                                and inserting ``subsection (b)'';
                                    (III) by striking ``paragraph (3)'' 
                                and inserting ``subsection (c)''; and
                                    (IV) by striking ``as a court-
                                martial may direct,'' and all that 
                                follows and inserting ``as a court-
                                martial may direct.'';
                            (iv) in subsection (b), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                    (I) by striking ``paragraph (1)'' 
                                and inserting ``subsection (a)''; and
                                    (II) by redesignating subparagraphs 
                                (A), (B), and (C) as paragraphs (1), 
                                (2), and (3), respectively; and
                            (v) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, 
                        by striking ``paragraph (1)'' and inserting 
                        ``subsection (a)''.
                    (L) Improper hazarding of vessel.--The text of 
                section 910 of title 10, United States Code (article 
                110), is amended to read as follows:
    ``Any person subject to this chapter who willfully and wrongfully, 
or negligently, hazards or suffers to be hazarded any vessel of the 
Armed Forces shall be punished as a court-martial may direct.''.
                    (M) Misbehavior of sentinel.--Section 913 of title 
                10, United States Code (article 113), is amended by 
                striking ``, if the offense is committed in time of 
                war'' and all that follows and inserting ``as a court-
                martial may direct.''.
                    (N) Murder.--Section 918 of title 10, United States 
                Code (article 118), is amended by striking ``death or 
                imprisonment for life as a court-martial may direct'' 
                and inserting ``imprisonment for life''.
                    (O) Death or injury of an unborn child.--Section 
                919a(a) of title 10, United States Code, is amended--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``, other 
                        than death,''; and
                            (ii) by striking paragraph (4).
                    (P) Crimes triable by military commission.--Section 
                950v(b) of title 10, United States Code, is amended--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``by 
                        death or such other punishment'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (iii) in paragraph (7), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (iv) in paragraph (8), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (v) in paragraph (9), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (vi) in paragraph (11)(A), by striking ``, 
                        if death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (vii) in paragraph (12)(A), by striking ``, 
                        if death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (viii) in paragraph (13)(A), by striking 
                        ``, if death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (ix) in paragraph (14), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (x) in paragraph (15), by striking ``by 
                        death or such other punishment'';
                            (xi) in paragraph (17), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (xii) in paragraph (23), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (xiii) in paragraph (24), by striking ``, 
                        if death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.'';
                            (xiv) in paragraph (27), by striking ``by 
                        death or such other punishment''; and
                            (xv) in paragraph (28), by striking ``, if 
                        death results'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``as a military commission under this 
                        chapter may direct.''
            (3) Jurisdictional and procedural matters.--
                    (A) Dismissed officer's right to trial by court-
                martial.--Section 804(a) of title 10, United States 
                Code (article 4(a) of the Uniform Code of Military 
                Justice), is amended by striking ``or death''.
                    (B) Courts-martial classified.--Section 816(1)(A) 
                of title 10, United States Code (article 10(1)(A)), is 
                amended by striking ``or, in a case in which the 
                accused may be sentenced to a penalty of death'' and 
                all that follows through ``(article 25a)''.
                    (C) Jurisdiction of general courts-martial.--
                Section 818 of title 10, United States Code (article 
                18), is amended--
                            (i) in the first sentence by striking 
                        ``including the penalty of death when 
                        specifically authorized by this chapter'' and 
                        inserting ``except death''; and
                            (ii) by striking the third sentence.
                    (D) Jurisdiction of special courts-martial.--
                Section 819 of title 10, United States Code (article 
                19), is amended in the first sentence by striking ``for 
                any noncapital offense'' and all that follows and 
                inserting ``for any offense made punishable by this 
                chapter.''.
                    (E) Jurisdiction of summary courts-martial.--
                Section 820 of title 10, United States Code (article 
                20), is amended in the first sentence by striking 
                ``noncapital''.
                    (F) Number of members in capital cases.--
                            (i) In general.--Section 825a of title 10, 
                        United States Code (article 25a), is repealed.
                            (ii) Clerical amendment.--The table of 
                        sections at the beginning of subchapter V of 
                        chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code, is 
                        amended by striking the item relating to 
                        section 825a (article 25a).
                    (G) Absent and additional members.--Section 
                829(b)(2) of title 10, United States Code (article 
                29(b)(2)), is amended by striking ``or, in a case in 
                which the death penalty may be adjudged'' and all that 
                follows and inserting a period.
                    (H) Statute of limitations.--Subsection (a) of 
                section 843 of title 10, United States Code (article 
                43), is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a)(1) A person charged with an offense described in paragraph 
(2) may be tried and punished at any time without limitation.
    ``(2) An offense described in this paragraph is any offense as 
follows:
            ``(A) Absence without leave or missing movement in time of 
        war.
            ``(B) Murder.
            ``(C) Rape.
            ``(D) A violation of section 881 of this title (article 81) 
        that results in death to one or more of the victims.
            ``(E) Desertion or attempt to desert in time of war.
            ``(F) A violation of section 890 of this title (article 90) 
        committed in time of war.
            ``(G) Attempted mutiny, mutiny, sedition, or failure to 
        suppress or report a mutiny or sedition.
            ``(H) A violation of section 899 of this title (article 
        99).
            ``(I) A violation of section 900 of this title (article 
        100).
            ``(J) A violation of section 901 of this title (article 
        101).
            ``(K) A violation of section 902 of this title (article 
        102).
            ``(L) A violation of section 904 of this title (article 
        104).
            ``(M) A violation of section 906 of this title (article 
        106).
            ``(N) A violation of section 906a of this title (article 
        106a).
            ``(O) A violation of section 910 of this title (article 
        110) in which the person subject to this chapter willfully and 
        wrongfully hazarded or suffered to be hazarded any vessel of 
        the Armed Forces.
            ``(P) A violation of section 913 of this title (article 
        113) committed in time of war.''.
                    (I) Pleas of accused.--Section 845(b) of title 10, 
                United States Code (article 45(b)), is amended--
                            (i) by striking the first sentence; and
                            (ii) by striking ``With respect to any 
                        other charge'' and inserting ``With respect to 
                        any charge''.
                    (J) Depositions.--Section 849 of title 10, United 
                States Code (article 49), is amended--
                            (i) in subsection (d), by striking ``in any 
                        case not capital''; and
                            (ii) by striking subsections (e) and (f).
                    (K) Admissibility of records of courts of 
                inquiry.--Section 850 of title 10, United States Code 
                (article 50), is amended--
                            (i) in subsection (a), by striking ``not 
                        capital and''; and
                            (ii) in subsection (b), by striking 
                        ``capital cases or''.
                    (L) Number of votes required for conviction and 
                sentencing by court-martial.--Section 852 of title 10, 
                United States Code (article 52), is amended--
                            (i) in subsection (a)--
                                    (I) by striking paragraph (1);
                                    (II) by redesignating paragraph (2) 
                                as subsection (a); and
                                    (III) by striking ``any other 
                                offense'' and inserting ``any 
                                offense''; and
                            (ii) in subsection (b)--
                                    (I) by striking paragraph (1); and
                                    (II) by redesignating paragraphs 
                                (2) and (3) as paragraphs (1) and (2), 
                                respectively.
                    (M) Record of trial.--Section 854(c)(1)(A) of title 
                10, United States Code (article 54(c)(1)(A)), is 
                amended by striking ``death,''.
                    (N) Forfeiture of pay and allowances during 
                confinement.--Section 858b(a)(2)(A) of title 10, United 
                States Code (article 58b(a)(2)(A)), is amended by 
                striking ``or death''.
                    (O) Waiver or withdrawal of appeal.--Section 861 of 
                title 10, United States Code (article 61), is amended--
                            (i) in subsection (a), by striking ``except 
                        a case in which the sentence as approved under 
                        section 860(c) of this title (article 60(c)) 
                        includes death,''; and
                            (ii) in subsection (b), by striking 
                        ``Except in a case in which the sentence as 
                        approved under section 860(c) of this title 
                        (article 60(c)) includes death, the accused'' 
                        and inserting ``The accused''.
                    (P) Review by court of criminal appeals.--Section 
                866(b) of title 10, United States Code (article 66(b)), 
                is amended--
                            (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
                        by inserting ``in which'' after ``court-
                        martial'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (1), by striking ``in 
                        which the sentence, as approved, extends to 
                        death,'' and inserting ``the sentence, as 
                        approved, extends to''; and
                            (iii) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                        ``except in the case of a sentence extending to 
                        death,''.
                    (Q) Review by court of appeals for the armed 
                forces.--Section 867(a) of title 10, United States Code 
                (article 67(a)), is amended--
                            (i) by striking paragraph (1); and
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and 
                        (3) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.
                    (R) Execution of sentence.--Section 871 of title 
                10, United States Code (article 71), is amended--
                            (i) by striking subsection (a);
                            (ii) by redesignating subsection (b) as 
                        subsection (a);
                            (iii) by striking subsection (c) and 
                        inserting the following:
    ``(b)(1) If a sentence extends to dismissal or a dishonorable or 
bad conduct discharge and if the right of the accused to appellate 
review is not waived, and an appeal is not withdrawn, under section 861 
of this title (article 61), that part of the sentence extending to 
dismissal or a dishonorable or bad conduct discharge may not be 
executed until there is a final judgment as to the legality of the 
proceedings (and with respect to dismissal, approval under subsection 
(a)). A judgment as to legality of the proceedings is final in such 
cases when review is completed by a Court of Criminal Appeals and--
            ``(A) the time for the accused to file a petition for 
        review by the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces has expired 
        and the accused has not filed a timely petition for such review 
        and the case is not otherwise under review by that Court;
            ``(B) such a petition is rejected by the Court of Appeals 
        for the Armed Forces; or
            ``(C) review is completed in accordance with the judgment 
        of the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces and--
                    ``(i) a petition for a writ of certiorari is not 
                filed within the time limits prescribed by the Supreme 
                Court;
                    ``(ii) such a petition is rejected by the Supreme 
                Court; or
                    ``(iii) review is otherwise completed in accordance 
                with the judgment of the Supreme Court.
    ``(2) If a sentence extends to dismissal or a dishonorable or bad 
conduct discharge and if the right of the accused to appellate review 
is waived, or an appeal is withdrawn, under section 861 of this title 
(article 61), that part of the sentence extending to dismissal or a bad 
conduct or dishonorable discharge may not be executed until review of 
the case by a judge advocate (and any action on that review) under 
section 864 of this title (article 64) is completed. Any other part of 
a court-martial sentence may be ordered executed by the convening 
authority or other person acting on the case under section 860 of this 
title (article 60) when approved by him under that section.'';
                            (iv) by redesignating subsection (d) as 
                        subsection (c); and
                            (v) in subsection (c), as so redesignated, 
                        by striking ``, except a sentence of death''.
                    (S) General article.--Section 934 of title 10, 
                United States Code (article 134), is amended by 
                striking ``crimes and offenses not capital'' and 
                inserting ``crimes and offenses''.
                    (T) Jurisdiction of military commissions.--Section 
                948d of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
                striking ``including the penalty of death'' and all 
                that follows and inserting ``except death.''.
                    (U) Number of members of military commissions.--
                Subsection (a) of section 948m of title 10, United 
                States Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Number of Members.--A military commission under this chapter 
shall have at least 5 members.''.
                    (V) Number of votes required for sentencing by 
                military commission.--Section 949m of title 10, United 
                States Code, is amended--
                            (i) in subsection (b)--
                                    (I) by striking paragraph (1); and
                                    (II) by redesignating paragraphs 
                                (2) and (3) as paragraphs (1) and (2), 
                                respectively; and
                            (ii) by striking subsection (c).
                    (W) Appellate referral for military commissions.--
                Section 950c of title 10, United States Code, is 
                amended--
                            (i) in subsection (b)(1), by striking 
                        ``Except a case in which the sentence as 
                        approved under section 950b of this title 
                        extends to death, an accused'' and inserting 
                        ``An accused''; and
                            (ii) in subsection (c), by striking 
                        ``Except in a case in which the sentence as 
                        approved under section 950b of this title 
                        extends to death, the accused'' and inserting 
                        ``The accused''.
                    (X) Execution of sentence by military 
                commissions.--
                            (i) In general.--Section 950i of title 10, 
                        United States Code, is amended--
                                    (I) in the section heading, by 
                                striking ``Execution of sentence; 
                                suspension'' and inserting 
                                ``Suspension'';
                                    (II) by striking subsections (b) 
                                and (c);
                                    (III) by redesignating subsection 
                                (d) as subsection (b); and
                                    (IV) in subsection (b), as so 
                                redesignated, by striking ``, except a 
                                sentence of death''.
                            (ii) Clerical amendment.--The table of 
                        sections at the beginning of subchapter VI of 
                        chapter 47A of title 10, United States Code, is 
                        amended by striking the item relating to 
                        section 950i and inserting the following new 
                        item:

``950i. Execution of sentence.''.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Repeal of criminal procedures relating to imposition of 
        death sentence.--
                    (A) In general.--Chapter 228 of title 18, United 
                States Code, is repealed.
                    (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of chapters for 
                part II of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
                striking the item relating to chapter 228.
            (2) Other provisions.--
                    (A) Interception of wire, oral, or electronic 
                communications.--Section 2516(1)(a) of title 18, United 
                States Code, is amended by striking ``by death or''.
                    (B) Release and detention pending judicial 
                proceedings.--Chapter 207 of title 18, United States 
                Code, is amended--
                            (i) in section 3142(f)(1)(B), by striking 
                        ``or death''; and
                            (ii) in section 3146(b)(1)(A)(i), by 
                        striking ``death, life imprisonment,'' and 
                        inserting ``life imprisonment''.
                    (C) Venue in capital cases.--Chapter 221 of title 
                18, United States Code, is amended--
                            (i) by striking section 3235; and
                            (ii) in the table of sections, by striking 
                        the item relating to section 3235.
                    (D) Period of limitations.--
                            (i) In general.--Chapter 213 of title 18, 
                        United States Code, is amended by striking 
                        section 3281 and inserting the following:
``Sec. 3281. Offenses with no period of limitations
    ``An indictment may be found at any time without limitation for the 
following offenses:
            ``(1) A violation of section 274(a)(1)(A) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324(a)(1)(A)) 
        resulting in the death of any person.
            ``(2) A violation of section 34 of this title.
            ``(3) A violation of section 36(b)(2)(A) of this title.
            ``(4) A violation of section 37(a) of this title that 
        results in the death of any person.
            ``(5) A violation of section 229A(a)(2) of this title.
            ``(6) A violation of section 241, 242, 245(b), or 247(a) of 
        this title that--
                    ``(A) results in death; or
                    ``(B) involved kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, 
                aggravated sexual abuse or an attempt to commit 
                aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill.
            ``(7) A violation of subsection (b) or (d) of section 351 
        of this title.
            ``(8) A violation of section 794(a) of this title.
            ``(9) A violation of subsection (d), (f), or (i) of section 
        844 of this title that results in the death of any person 
        (including any public safety officer performing duties as a 
        direct or proximate result of conduct prohibited by such 
        subsection).
            ``(10) An offense punishable under subsection (c)(5)(B)(i) 
        or (j)(1) of section 924 of this title.
            ``(11) An offense punishable under section 1091(b)(1) of 
        this title.
            ``(12) A violation of section 1111 of this title that is 
        murder in the first degree.
            ``(13) A violation of section 1118 of this title.
            ``(14) A violation of subsection (a) or (b) of section 1121 
        of this title.
            ``(15) A violation of section 1201(a) of this title that 
        results in the death of any person.
            ``(16) A violation of section 1203(a) of this title that 
        results in the death of any person.
            ``(17) An offense punishable under section 1512(a)(3) of 
        this title that is murder (as that term is defined in section 
        1111 of this title).
            ``(18) An offense punishable under section 1716(j)(3) of 
        this title.
            ``(19) A violation of subsection (b) or (d) of section 1751 
        of this title.
            ``(20) A violation of section 1958(a) of this title that 
        results in death.
            ``(21) A violation of section 1959(a) of this title that is 
        murder.
            ``(22) A violation of subsection (a) (except for a 
        violation of paragraph (8), (9), or (10) of such subsection) or 
        (b) of section 1992 of this title that results in the death of 
        any person.
            ``(23) A violation of section 2113(e) of this title that 
        results in death.
            ``(24) An offense punishable under section 2119(3) of this 
        title.
            ``(25) An offense punishable under section 2245(a) of this 
        title.
            ``(26) A violation of section 2251 of this title that 
        results in the death of a person.
            ``(27) A violation of section 2280(a)(1) of this title that 
        results in the death of any person.
            ``(28) A violation of section 2281(a)(1) of this title that 
        results in the death of any person.
            ``(29) A violation of section 2282A(a) of this title that 
        causes the death of any person.
            ``(30) A violation of section 2283(a) of this title that 
        causes the death of any person.
            ``(31) An offense punishable under section 2291(d) of this 
        title.
            ``(32) An offense punishable under section 2332(a)(1) of 
        this title.
            ``(33) A violation of subsection (a) or (b) of section 
        2332a of this title that results in death.
            ``(34) An offense punishable under section 2332b(c)(1)(A) 
        of this title.
            ``(35) A violation of section 2340A(a) of this title that 
        results in the death of any person.
            ``(36) A violation of section 2381 of this title.
            ``(37) A violation of section 2441(a) of this title that 
        results in the death of the victim.
            ``(38) A violation of section 408(e) of the Controlled 
        Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 848(e)).
            ``(39) An offense punishable under subsection (a)(2)(B) or 
        (b)(1)(B) of section 46502 of title 49.''.
                            (ii) Clerical amendment.--The table of 
                        sections for chapter 213 of title 18, United 
                        States Code, is amended by striking the item 
                        relating to section 3281 and inserting the 
                        following:

``3281. Offenses with no period of limitations.''.

SEC. 7002. PROHIBITION ON IMPOSITION OF DEATH SENTENCE.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no 
person may be sentenced to death or put to death on or after the date 
of enactment of this Act for any violation of Federal law.
    (b) Persons Sentenced Before Date of Enactment.--Notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, any person sentenced to death before the 
date of enactment of this Act for any violation of Federal law shall 
serve a sentence of life imprisonment without the possibility of 
parole.

                           TITLE VIII--VOTING

SEC. 8000. SHORT TITLE.

    (a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the ``Voter 
Empowerment Act of 2018''.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States 
that--
            (1) all eligible citizens of the United States should 
        access and exercise their constitutional right to vote in a 
        free, fair, and timely manner; and
            (2) the integrity, security, and accountability of the 
        voting process must be vigilantly protected, maintained, and 
        enhanced in order to protect and preserve electoral and 
        participatory democracy in the United States.

                 Subtitle A--Voting Rights Advancement

SEC. 8001. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Voting Rights Advancement Act 
of 2018''.

SEC. 8002. VOTING ON INDIAN LANDS.

    Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Voting on Indian Lands.--
            ``(1) Tribal requests for polling places; polling place 
        provided.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A representative official of an 
                Indian tribe, with authorization from the governing 
                body of the tribe, may request one or more polling 
                places to be located on the Indian lands of the Indian 
                tribe. Such request shall be delivered in writing to 
                the State or political subdivision with responsibility 
                for assigning polling places at least 6 months prior to 
                the next election for which the request is made, and 
                shall specify the location of each requested polling 
                place.
                    ``(B) Polling places provided.--Each requested 
                polling place shall be provided by the State or 
                political subdivision in response to a request made 
                under paragraph (1), at no expense to the Indian tribe, 
                if the voting-age population within the geographic area 
                of the Indian lands relevant to the requested polling 
                place is at least equal to the smallest voting-age 
                population served by any other polling place in the 
                State. Each polling place that is provided under this 
                subparagraph shall continue to be provided after the 
                election for which the request was made, until such 
                time as the Indian tribe that requested that polling 
                place delivers a written request to the State or 
                political subdivision asking that such polling place be 
                withdrawn.
                    ``(C) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
                paragraph shall be construed to prevent a State or 
                political subdivision from providing additional polling 
                places on Indian lands if no request was made under 
                subparagraph (A), or if such request was made less than 
                6 months prior to the next election for which the 
                request was made.
            ``(2) Requirement to provide equitable polling locations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A State or political subdivision 
                shall provide the same ratio of poll workers and voting 
                devices, the same rate of pay to poll workers, and the 
                same days and hours of operation, for polling places 
                that are located on Indian lands as are provided in 
                other locations of polling places in the State or 
                political subdivision.
                    ``(B) Eligibility to vote at a polling location.--A 
                polling place located on Indian lands shall be open to 
                voting by all persons who are otherwise eligible to 
                vote residing within the precinct, voting unit, or 
                electoral district.
                    ``(C) Federal facilities.--Polling places located 
                on Indian lands may be designated at--
                            ``(i) a Federal facility, such as Indian 
                        Health Service or Bureau of Indian Affairs 
                        service buildings;
                            ``(ii) any tribal government facility that 
                        meets the requirements of Federal and State law 
                        applied to other polling locations within the 
                        State;
                            ``(iii) a tribally owned building; or
                            ``(iv) another facility that meets the 
                        requirements for polling places in the State.
            ``(3) Absentee ballots and early voting.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A representative official of an 
                Indian tribe, with authorization from the governing 
                body of the Indian tribe, may deliver a request to the 
                appropriate State or political subdivision that a 
                location on Indian lands be designated as an absentee 
                ballot location or an early voting location, and such 
                State or political subdivision shall grant the request, 
                at no expense to the Indian tribe, if--
                            ``(i) the requested location on Indian 
                        lands is in a State that permits voting by an 
                        absentee or mail-in ballot or early voting 
                        (also called absentee in-person voting), as the 
                        case may be; and
                            ``(ii) the voting-age population within the 
                        geographic area of Indian lands relevant to the 
                        requested absentee ballot location or early 
                        voting location is at least equal to the 
                        smallest voting-age population served by any 
                        other absentee ballot location or early voting 
                        location in the State.
                    ``(B) Indian lands as absentee ballot location.--If 
                a location on Indian lands is designated as an absentee 
                ballot location or an early voting location, absentee 
                ballots, or early ballots, as the case may be, shall be 
                provided, at no expense to the Indian tribe, to each 
                registered voter living in such designated location 
                without the requirement of an excuse for an absentee 
                ballot or early voting. Bilingual election materials 
                and oral language assistance shall be provided if 
                required by section 203.
            ``(4) Tribal requests for voter registration agencies.--A 
        representative official of an Indian tribe, with authorization 
        from the governing body of the tribe, may request that tribal 
        government service offices be designated as voter registration 
        agencies under section 7 of the National Voter Registration Act 
        of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20506). Such a request shall be delivered in 
        writing to the State or political subdivision with 
        responsibility for assigning polling locations at least 6 
        months prior to the next election for which the request is 
        made. Such a request shall be granted if the tribal government 
        service office meets the requirements of Federal and State law 
        applied to other designated voter registration agencies within 
        the State.''.

SEC. 8003. VIOLATIONS TRIGGERING AUTHORITY OF COURT TO RETAIN 
              JURISDICTION.

    (a) Types of Violations.--Section 3(c) of the Voting Rights Act of 
1965 (52 U.S.C. 10302(c)) is amended by striking ``violations of the 
fourteenth or fifteenth amendment'' and inserting ``violations of the 
14th or 15th Amendment, violations of this Act, or violations of any 
Federal law that prohibits discrimination in voting on the basis of 
race, color, or membership in a language minority group,''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 3(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
10302(a)) is amended by striking ``violations of the fourteenth or 
fifteenth amendment'' and inserting ``violations of the 14th or 15th 
Amendment, violations of this Act, or violations of any Federal law 
that prohibits discrimination in voting on the basis of race, color, or 
membership in a language minority group,''.

SEC. 8004. CRITERIA FOR COVERAGE OF STATES AND POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS.

    (a) Determination of States and Political Subdivisions Subject to 
Section 4(a).--
            (1) In general.--Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act of 
        1965 (52 U.S.C. 10303(b)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Determination of States and Political Subdivisions Subject to 
Requirements.--
            ``(1) Existence of voting rights violations during previous 
        25 years.--
                    ``(A) Statewide application.--Subsection (a) 
                applies with respect to a State and all political 
                subdivisions within the State during a calendar year 
                if--
                            ``(i) 15 or more voting rights violations 
                        occurred in the State during the previous 25 
                        calendar years; or
                            ``(ii) 10 or more voting rights violations 
                        occurred in the State during the previous 25 
                        calendar years, at least one of which was 
                        committed by the State itself (as opposed to a 
                        political subdivision within the State).
                    ``(B) Application to specific political 
                subdivisions.--Subsection (a) applies with respect to a 
                political subdivision as a separate unit during a 
                calendar year if 3 or more voting rights violations 
                occurred in the subdivision during the previous 25 
                calendar years.
            ``(2) Period of application.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), if, pursuant to paragraph (1), 
                subsection (a) applies with respect to a State or 
                political subdivision during a calendar year, 
                subsection (a) shall apply with respect to such State 
                or political subdivision for the period--
                            ``(i) that begins on January 1 of the year 
                        in which subsection (a) applies; and
                            ``(ii) that ends on the date which is 10 
                        years after the date described in clause (i).
                    ``(B) No further application after declaratory 
                judgment.--
                            ``(i) States.--If a State obtains a 
                        declaratory judgment under subsection (a), and 
                        the judgment remains in effect, subsection (a) 
                        shall no longer apply to such State pursuant to 
                        paragraph (1)(A) unless, after the issuance of 
                        the declaratory judgment, paragraph (1)(A) 
                        applies to the State solely on the basis of 
                        voting rights violations occurring after the 
                        issuance of the declaratory judgment.
                            ``(ii) Political subdivisions.--If a 
                        political subdivision obtains a declaratory 
                        judgment under subsection (a), and the judgment 
                        remains in effect, subsection (a) shall no 
                        longer apply to such political subdivision 
                        pursuant to paragraph (1), including pursuant 
                        to paragraph (1)(A) (relating to the statewide 
                        application of subsection (a)), unless, after 
                        the issuance of the declaratory judgment, 
                        paragraph (1)(B) applies to the political 
                        subdivision solely on the basis of voting 
                        rights violations occurring after the issuance 
                        of the declaratory judgment.
            ``(3) Determination of voting rights violation.--For 
        purposes of paragraph (1), a voting rights violation occurred 
        in a State or political subdivision if any of the following 
        applies:
                    ``(A) Final judgment; violation of the 14th or 15th 
                amendment.--In a final judgment (which has not been 
                reversed on appeal), any court of the United States has 
                determined that a denial or abridgement of the right of 
                any citizen of the United States to vote on account of 
                race, color, or membership in a language minority 
                group, in violation of the 14th or 15th Amendment, 
                occurred anywhere within the State or subdivision.
                    ``(B) Final judgment; violations of this act.--In a 
                final judgment (which has not been reversed on appeal), 
                any court of the United States has determined that a 
                voting qualification or prerequisite to voting or 
                standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting 
                was imposed or applied or would have been imposed or 
                applied anywhere within the State or subdivision in a 
                manner that resulted or would have resulted in a denial 
                or abridgement of the right of any citizen of the 
                United States to vote on account of race, color, or 
                membership in a language minority group, in violation 
                of subsection (e) or (f), or section 2 or 203 of this 
                Act.
                    ``(C) Final judgment; denial of declaratory 
                judgment.--In a final judgment (which has not been 
                reversed on appeal), any court of the United States has 
                denied the request of the State or subdivision for a 
                declaratory judgment under section 3(c) or section 5, 
                and thereby prevented a voting qualification or 
                prerequisite to voting or standard, practice, or 
                procedure with respect to voting from being enforced 
                anywhere within the State or subdivision.
                    ``(D) Objection by the attorney general.--The 
                Attorney General has interposed an objection under 
                section 3(c) or section 5 (and the objection has not 
                been overturned by a final judgment of a court or 
                withdrawn by the Attorney General), and thereby 
                prevented a voting qualification or prerequisite to 
                voting or standard, practice, or procedure with respect 
                to voting from being enforced anywhere within the State 
                or subdivision.
                    ``(E) Consent decree, settlement, or other 
                agreement.--A consent decree, settlement, or other 
                agreement was entered into, which resulted in the 
                alteration or abandonment of a voting practice anywhere 
                in the territory of such State that was challenged on 
                the ground that the practice denied or abridged the 
                right of any citizen of the United States to vote on 
                account of race, color, or membership in a language 
                minority group in violation of subsection (e) or (f), 
                or section 2 or 203 of this Act, or the 14th or 15th 
                Amendment.
            ``(4) Timing of determinations.--
                    ``(A) Determinations of voting rights violations.--
                As early as practicable during each calendar year, the 
                Attorney General shall make the determinations required 
                by this subsection, including updating the list of 
                voting rights violations occurring in each State and 
                political subdivision for the previous calendar year.
                    ``(B) Effective upon publication in federal 
                register.--A determination or certification of the 
                Attorney General under this section or under section 8 
                or 13 shall be effective upon publication in the 
                Federal Register.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--Section 4(a) of such Act (52 
        U.S.C. 10303(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence of the 
                matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``any 
                State with respect to which'' and all that follows 
                through ``unless'' and inserting ``any State to which 
                this subsection applies during a calendar year pursuant 
                to determinations made under subsection (b), or in any 
                political subdivision of such State (as such 
                subdivision existed on the date such determinations 
                were made with respect to such State), though such 
                determinations were not made with respect to such 
                subdivision as a separate unit, or in any political 
                subdivision with respect to which this subsection 
                applies during a calendar year pursuant to 
                determinations made with respect to such subdivision as 
                a separate unit under subsection (b), unless'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking the second sentence;
                    (C) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``(in the case 
                of a State or subdivision seeking a declaratory 
                judgment under the second sentence of this 
                subsection)'';
                    (D) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``(in the case 
                of a State or subdivision seeking a declaratory 
                judgment under the second sentence of this 
                subsection)'';
                    (E) in paragraph (3), by striking ``(in the case of 
                a State or subdivision seeking a declaratory judgment 
                under the second sentence of this subsection)'';
                    (F) in paragraph (5), by striking ``(in the case of 
                a State or subdivision which sought a declaratory 
                judgment under the second sentence of this 
                subsection)'';
                    (G) by striking paragraphs (7) and (8); and
                    (H) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph 
                (7).
    (b) Clarification of Treatment of Members of Language Minority 
Groups.--Section 4(a)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 10303(a)(1)) is amended 
by striking ``race or color,'' and inserting ``race, color, or in 
contravention of the guarantees of subsection (f)(2),''.

SEC. 8005. DETERMINATION OF STATES AND POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS SUBJECT 
              TO PRECLEARANCE FOR COVERED PRACTICES.

    The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.) is further 
amended by inserting after section 4 the following:

``SEC. 4A. DETERMINATION OF STATES AND POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS SUBJECT 
              TO PRECLEARANCE FOR COVERED PRACTICES.

    ``(a) Practice-Based Preclearance.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each State and each political 
        subdivision shall--
                    ``(A) identify any newly enacted or adopted law, 
                regulation, or policy that includes a voting 
                qualification or prerequisite to voting, or a standard, 
                practice, or procedure with respect to voting, that is 
                a covered practice described in subsection (b); and
                    ``(B) ensure that no such covered practice is 
                implemented unless or until the State or political 
                subdivision, as the case may be, complies with 
                subsection (c).
            ``(2) Determinations of characteristics of voting-age 
        population.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As early as practicable during 
                each calendar year, the Attorney General, in 
                consultation with the Director of the Bureau of the 
                Census and the heads of other relevant offices of the 
                government, shall make the determinations required by 
                this section regarding voting-age populations and the 
                characteristics of such populations, and shall publish 
                a list of the States and political subdivisions to 
                which a voting-age population characteristic described 
                in subsection (b) applies.
                    ``(B) Publication in the federal register.--A 
                determination or certification of the Attorney General 
                under this paragraph shall be effective upon 
                publication in the Federal Register.
    ``(b) Covered Practices.--To assure that the right of citizens of 
the United States to vote is not denied or abridged on account of race, 
color, or membership in a language minority group as a result of the 
implementation of certain qualifications or prerequisites to voting, or 
standards, practices, or procedures with respect to voting newly 
adopted in a State or political subdivision, the following shall be 
covered practices subject to the requirements described in subsection 
(a):
            ``(1) Changes to method of election.--Any change to the 
        method of election--
                    ``(A) to add seats elected at-large in a State or 
                political subdivision where--
                            ``(i) 2 or more racial groups or language 
                        minority groups each represent 20 percent or 
                        more of the political subdivision's voting-age 
                        population; or
                            ``(ii) a single language minority group 
                        represents 20 percent or more of the voting-age 
                        population on Indian lands located in whole or 
                        in part in the political subdivision; or
                    ``(B) to convert one or more seats elected from a 
                single-member district to one or more at-large seats or 
                seats from a multi-member district in a State or 
                political subdivision where--
                            ``(i) 2 or more racial groups or language 
                        minority groups each represent 20 percent or 
                        more of the political subdivision's voting-age 
                        population; or
                            ``(ii) a single language minority group 
                        represents 20 percent or more of the voting-age 
                        population on Indian lands located in whole or 
                        in part in the political subdivision.
            ``(2) Changes to jurisdiction boundaries.--Any change or 
        series of changes within a year to the boundaries of a 
        jurisdiction that reduces by 3 or more percentage points the 
        proportion of the jurisdiction's voting-age population that is 
        comprised of members of a single racial group or language 
        minority group in a State or political subdivision where--
                    ``(A) 2 or more racial groups or language minority 
                groups each represent 20 percent or more of the 
                political subdivision's voting-age population; or
                    ``(B) a single language minority group represents 
                20 percent or more of the voting-age population on 
                Indian lands located in whole or in part in the 
                political subdivision.
            ``(3) Changes through redistricting.--Any change to the 
        boundaries of election districts in a State or political 
        subdivision where any racial group or language minority group 
        experiences a population increase, over the preceding decade 
        (as calculated by the Bureau of the Census under the most 
        recent decennial census), of at least--
                    ``(A) 10,000; or
                    ``(B) 20 percent of voting-age population of the 
                State or political subdivision, as the case may be.
            ``(4) Changes in documentation or qualifications to vote.--
        Any change to requirements for documentation or proof of 
        identity to vote such that the requirements will exceed or be 
        more stringent than the requirements for voting that are 
        described in section 303(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 
        2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(b)) or any change to the requirements for 
        documentation or proof of identity to register to vote that 
        will exceed or be more stringent than such requirements under 
        State law on the day before the date of enactment of the Voting 
        Rights Advancement Act of 2018.
            ``(5) Changes to multilingual voting materials.--Any change 
        that reduces multilingual voting materials or alters the manner 
        in which such materials are provided or distributed, where no 
        similar reduction or alteration occurs in materials provided in 
        English for such election.
            ``(6) Changes that reduce, consolidate, or relocate voting 
        locations.--Any change that reduces, consolidates, or relocates 
        voting locations, including early, absentee, and election-day 
        voting locations--
                    ``(A) in 1 or more census tracts wherein 2 or more 
                language minority groups or racial groups each 
                represent 20 percent or more of the voting-age 
                population of the political subdivision; or
                    ``(B) on Indian lands wherein at least 20 percent 
                of the voting-age population belongs to a single 
                language minority group.
    ``(c) Preclearance.--
            ``(1) In general.--Whenever a State or political 
        subdivision with respect to which the requirements set forth in 
        subsection (a) are in effect shall enact, adopt, or seek to 
        implement any covered practice described under subsection (b), 
        such State or subdivision may institute an action in the United 
        States District Court for the District of Columbia for a 
        declaratory judgment that such covered practice neither has the 
        purpose nor will have the effect of denying or abridging the 
        right to vote on account of race, color, or membership in a 
        language minority group, and unless and until the court enters 
        such judgment such covered practice shall not be implemented. 
        Notwithstanding the previous sentence, such covered practice 
        may be implemented without such proceeding if the covered 
        practice has been submitted by the chief legal officer or other 
        appropriate official of such State or subdivision to the 
        Attorney General and the Attorney General has not interposed an 
        objection within 60 days after such submission, or upon good 
        cause shown, to facilitate an expedited approval within 60 days 
        after such submission, the Attorney General has affirmatively 
        indicated that such objection will not be made. Neither an 
        affirmative indication by the Attorney General that no 
        objection will be made, nor the Attorney General's failure to 
        object, nor a declaratory judgment entered under this section 
        shall bar a subsequent action to enjoin implementation of such 
        covered practice. In the event the Attorney General 
        affirmatively indicates that no objection will be made within 
        the 60-day period following receipt of a submission, the 
        Attorney General may reserve the right to reexamine the 
        submission if additional information comes to the Attorney 
        General's attention during the remainder of the 60-day period 
        which would otherwise require objection in accordance with this 
        section. Any action under this section shall be heard and 
        determined by a court of three judges in accordance with the 
        provisions of section 2284 of title 28, United States Code, and 
        any appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court.
            ``(2) Denying or abridging the right to vote.--Any covered 
        practice described in subsection (b) that has the purpose of or 
        will have the effect of diminishing the ability of any citizens 
        of the United States on account of race, color, or membership 
        in a language minority group, to elect their preferred 
        candidates of choice denies or abridges the right to vote 
        within the meaning of paragraph (1) of this subsection.
            ``(3) Purpose defined.--The term `purpose' in paragraphs 
        (1) and (2) of this subsection shall include any discriminatory 
        purpose.
            ``(4) Purpose of paragraph (2).--The purpose of paragraph 
        (2) of this subsection is to protect the ability of such 
        citizens to elect their preferred candidates of choice.
    ``(d) Enforcement.--The Attorney General or any aggrieved citizen 
may file an action in a Federal district court to compel any State or 
political subdivision to satisfy the obligations set forth in this 
section. Such actions shall be heard and determined by a court of 3 
judges under section 2284 of title 28, United States Code. In any such 
action, the court shall provide as a remedy that any voting 
qualification or prerequisite to voting, or standard, practice, or 
procedure with respect to voting, that is the subject of the action 
under this subsection be enjoined unless the court determines that--
            ``(1) the voting qualification or prerequisite to voting, 
        or standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting, is 
        not a covered practice described in subsection (b); or
            ``(2) the State or political subdivision has complied with 
        subsection (c) with respect to the covered practice at issue.
    ``(e) Counting of Racial Groups and Language Minority Groups.--For 
purposes of this section, the calculation of the population of a racial 
group or a language minority group shall be carried out using the 
methodology in the guidance promulgated in the Federal Register on 
February 9, 2011 (76 Fed. Reg. 7470).
    ``(f) Special Rule.--For purposes of determinations under this 
section, any data provided by the Bureau of the Census, whether based 
on estimation from sample or actual enumeration, shall not be subject 
to challenge or review in any court.
    ``(g) Multilingual Voting Materials.--In this section, the term 
`multilingual voting materials' means registration or voting notices, 
forms, instructions, assistance, or other materials or information 
relating to the electoral process, including ballots, provided in the 
language or languages of one or more language minority groups.''.

SEC. 8006. PROMOTING TRANSPARENCY TO ENFORCE THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT.

    (a) Transparency.--
            (1) In general.--The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 
        10301 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 5 the 
        following new section:

``SEC. 6. TRANSPARENCY REGARDING CHANGES TO PROTECT VOTING RIGHTS.

    ``(a) Notice of Enacted Changes.--
            ``(1) Notice of changes.--If a State or political 
        subdivision makes any change in any prerequisite to voting or 
        standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting in any 
        election for Federal office that will result in the 
        prerequisite, standard, practice, or procedure being different 
        from that which was in effect as of 180 days before the date of 
        the election for Federal office, the State or political 
        subdivision shall provide reasonable public notice in such 
        State or political subdivision and on the Internet, of a 
        concise description of the change, including the difference 
        between the changed prerequisite, standard, practice, or 
        procedure and the prerequisite, standard, practice, or 
        procedure which was previously in effect. The public notice 
        described in this paragraph, in such State or political 
        subdivision and on the Internet, shall be in a format that is 
        reasonably convenient and accessible to voters with 
        disabilities, including voters who have low vision or are 
        blind.
            ``(2) Deadline for notice.--A State or political 
        subdivision shall provide the public notice required under 
        paragraph (1) not later than 48 hours after making the change 
        involved.
    ``(b) Transparency Regarding Polling Place Resources.--
            ``(1) In general.--In order to identify any changes that 
        may impact the right to vote of any person, prior to the 30th 
        day before the date of an election for Federal office, each 
        State or political subdivision with responsibility for 
        allocating registered voters, voting machines, and official 
        poll workers to particular precincts and polling places shall 
        provide reasonable public notice in such State or political 
        subdivision and on the Internet, of the information described 
        in paragraph (2) for precincts and polling places within such 
        State or political subdivision. The public notice described in 
        this paragraph, in such State or political subdivision and on 
        the Internet, shall be in a format that is reasonably 
        convenient and accessible to voters with disabilities including 
        voters who have low vision or are blind.
            ``(2) Information described.--The information described in 
        this paragraph with respect to a precinct or polling place is 
        each of the following:
                    ``(A) The name or number.
                    ``(B) In the case of a polling place, the location, 
                including the street address, and whether such polling 
                place is accessible to persons with disabilities.
                    ``(C) The voting-age population of the area served 
                by the precinct or polling place, broken down by 
                demographic group if such breakdown is reasonably 
                available to such State or political subdivision.
                    ``(D) The number of registered voters assigned to 
                the precinct or polling place, broken down by 
                demographic group if such breakdown is reasonably 
                available to such State or political subdivision.
                    ``(E) The number of voting machines assigned, 
                including the number of voting machines accessible to 
                voters with disabilities, including voters who have low 
                vision or are blind.
                    ``(F) The number of official paid poll workers 
                assigned.
                    ``(G) The number of official volunteer poll workers 
                assigned.
                    ``(H) In the case of a polling place, the dates and 
                hours of operation.
            ``(3) Updates in information reported.--If a State or 
        political subdivision makes any change in any of the 
        information described in paragraph (2), the State or political 
        subdivision shall provide reasonable public notice in such 
        State or political subdivision and on the Internet, of the 
        change in the information not later than 48 hours after the 
        change occurs or, if the change occurs fewer than 48 hours 
        before the date of the election for Federal office, as soon as 
        practicable after the change occurs. The public notice 
        described in this paragraph in such State or political 
        subdivision and on the Internet shall be in a format that is 
        reasonably convenient and accessible to voters with 
        disabilities including voters who have low vision or are blind.
    ``(c) Transparency of Changes Relating to Demographics and 
Electoral Districts.--
            ``(1) Requiring public notice of changes.--Not later than 
        10 days after making any change in the constituency that will 
        participate in an election for Federal, State, or local office 
        or the boundaries of a voting unit or electoral district in an 
        election for Federal, State, or local office (including through 
        redistricting, reapportionment, changing from at-large 
        elections to district-based elections, or changing from 
        district-based elections to at-large elections), a State or 
        political subdivision shall provide reasonable public notice in 
        such State or political subdivision and on the Internet, of the 
        demographic and electoral data described in paragraph (3) for 
        each of the geographic areas described in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Geographic areas described.--The geographic areas 
        described in this paragraph are as follows:
                    ``(A) The State as a whole, if the change applies 
                statewide, or the political subdivision as a whole, if 
                the change applies across the entire political 
                subdivision.
                    ``(B) If the change includes a plan to replace or 
                eliminate voting units or electoral districts, each 
                voting unit or electoral district that will be replaced 
                or eliminated.
                    ``(C) If the change includes a plan to establish 
                new voting units or electoral districts, each such new 
                voting unit or electoral district.
            ``(3) Demographic and electoral data.--The demographic and 
        electoral data described in this paragraph with respect to a 
        geographic area described in paragraph (2) are each of the 
        following:
                    ``(A) The voting-age population, broken down by 
                demographic group.
                    ``(B) If it is reasonably available to the State or 
                political subdivision involved, an estimate of the 
                population of the area which consists of citizens of 
                the United States who are 18 years of age or older, 
                broken down by demographic group.
                    ``(C) The number of registered voters, broken down 
                by demographic group if such breakdown is reasonably 
                available to the State or political subdivision 
                involved.
                    ``(D)(i) If the change applies to a State, the 
                actual number of votes, or (if it is not reasonably 
                practicable for the State to ascertain the actual 
                number of votes) the estimated number of votes received 
                by each candidate in each statewide election held 
                during the 5-year period which ends on the date the 
                change involved is made; and
                    ``(ii) if the change applies to only one political 
                subdivision, the actual number of votes, or (if it is 
                not reasonably practicable for the political 
                subdivision to ascertain the actual number of votes) in 
                each subdivision-wide election held during the 5-year 
                period which ends on the date the change involved is 
                made.
            ``(4) Voluntary compliance by smaller jurisdictions.--
        Compliance with this subsection shall be voluntary for a 
        political subdivision of a State unless the subdivision is one 
        of the following:
                    ``(A) A county or parish.
                    ``(B) A municipality with a population greater than 
                10,000, as determined by the Bureau of the Census under 
                the most recent decennial census.
                    ``(C) A school district with a population greater 
                than 10,000, as determined by the Bureau of the Census 
                under the most recent decennial census. For purposes of 
                this subparagraph, the term `school district' means the 
                geographic area under the jurisdiction of a local 
                educational agency (as defined in section 9101 of the 
                Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 7801)).
    ``(d) Rules Regarding Format of Information.--The Attorney General 
may issue rules specifying a reasonably convenient and accessible 
format that States and political subdivisions shall use to provide 
public notice of information under this section.
    ``(e) No Denial of Right To Vote.--The right to vote of any person 
shall not be denied or abridged because the person failed to comply 
with any change made by a State or political subdivision if the State 
or political subdivision involved did not meet the applicable 
requirements of this section with respect to the change.
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `demographic group' means each group which 
        section 2 protects from the denial or abridgement of the right 
        to vote on account of race or color, or in contravention of the 
        guarantees set forth in section 4(f)(2);
            ``(2) the term `election for Federal office' means any 
        general, special, primary, or runoff election held solely or in 
        part for the purpose of electing any candidate for the office 
        of President, Vice President, Presidential elector, Senator, 
        Member of the House of Representatives, or Delegate or Resident 
        Commissioner to the Congress; and
            ``(3) the term `persons with disabilities', means 
        individuals with a disability, as defined in section 3 of the 
        Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102).''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 3(a) of such Act (52 
        U.S.C. 10302(a)) is amended by striking ``in accordance with 
        section 6''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a)(1) shall 
apply with respect to changes which are made on or after the expiration 
of the 60-day period which begins on the date of the enactment of this 
Act.

SEC. 8007. AUTHORITY TO ASSIGN OBSERVERS.

    (a) Clarification of Authority in Political Subdivisions Subject to 
Preclearance.--Section 8(a)(2)(B) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 
U.S.C. 10305(a)(2)(B)) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(B) in the Attorney General's judgment, the 
                assignment of observers is otherwise necessary to 
                enforce the guarantees of the 14th or 15th Amendment or 
                any provision of this Act or any other Federal law 
                protecting the right of citizens of the United States 
                to vote;''.
    (b) Assignment of Observers To Enforce Bilingual Election 
Requirements.--Section 8(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 10305(a)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (1); and
            (2) by adding after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) the Attorney General certifies with respect to a 
        political subdivision that--
                    ``(A) the Attorney General has received written 
                meritorious complaints from residents, elected 
                officials, or civic participation organizations that 
                efforts to violate section 203 are likely to occur; or
                    ``(B) in the Attorney General's judgment, the 
                assignment of observers is necessary to enforce the 
                guarantees of section 203; or
            ``(4) the Attorney General certifies that the Attorney 
        General has received from the appropriate official of the 
        governing body of a federally recognized Indian tribe--
                    ``(A) a written complaint that efforts to deny or 
                abridge the right to vote under the color of law on 
                account of race or color, or in contravention of the 
                guarantees set forth in section 4(f)(2) are likely to 
                occur; and
                    ``(B) a written request for the authorization of 
                Federal observers for elections that occur on Indian 
                lands;''.

SEC. 8008. PRELIMINARY INJUNCTIVE RELIEF.

    (a) Clarification of Scope and Persons Authorized To Seek Relief.--
Section 12(d) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10308(d)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``section 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, or 
        subsection (b) of this section'' and inserting ``the 14th or 
        15th Amendment, this Act, or any Federal voting rights law that 
        prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, or 
        membership in a language minority group''; and
            (2) by striking ``the Attorney General may institute for 
        the United States, or in the name of the United States,'' and 
        inserting ``the aggrieved person or (in the name of the United 
        States) the Attorney General may institute''.
    (b) Grounds for Granting Relief.--Section 12(d) of such Act (52 
U.S.C. 10308(d)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(d) Whenever any person'' and inserting 
        ``(d)(1) Whenever any person'';
            (2) by striking ``(1) to permit'' and inserting ``(A) to 
        permit'';
            (3) by striking ``(2) to count'' and inserting ``(B) to 
        count''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(2)(A) In any action for preliminary relief described in this 
subsection, the court shall grant the relief if the court determines 
that the complainant has raised a serious question whether the 
challenged voting qualification or prerequisite to voting or standard, 
practice, or procedure violates this Act or the Constitution and, on 
balance, the hardship imposed upon the defendant by the grant of the 
relief will be less than the hardship which would be imposed upon the 
plaintiff if the relief were not granted. In balancing the harms, the 
court shall give due weight to the fundamental right to cast an 
effective ballot.
    ``(B) In making its determination under this paragraph with respect 
to a change in any voting qualification, prerequisite to voting, or 
standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting, the court 
shall consider all relevant factors and give due weight to the 
following factors, if they are present:
            ``(i) Whether the qualification, prerequisite, standard, 
        practice, or procedure in effect prior to the change was 
        adopted as a remedy for a Federal court judgment, consent 
        decree, or admission regarding--
                    ``(I) discrimination on the basis of race or color 
                in violation of the 14th or 15th Amendment;
                    ``(II) a violation of this Act; or
                    ``(III) voting discrimination on the basis of race, 
                color, or membership in a language minority group in 
                violation of any other Federal or State law.
            ``(ii) Whether the qualification, prerequisite, standard, 
        practice, or procedure in effect prior to the change served as 
        a ground for the dismissal or settlement of a claim alleging--
                    ``(I) discrimination on the basis of race or color 
                in violation of the 14th or 15th Amendment;
                    ``(II) a violation of this Act; or
                    ``(III) voting discrimination on the basis of race, 
                color, or membership in a language minority group in 
                violation of any other Federal or State law.
            ``(iii) Whether the change was adopted fewer than 180 days 
        before the date of the election with respect to which the 
        change is to take effect.
            ``(iv) Whether the defendant has failed to provide timely 
        or complete notice of the adoption of the change as required by 
        applicable Federal or State law.''.

SEC. 8009. DEFINITIONS.

    Title I of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 21. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this Act:
            ``(1) Indian lands.--The term `Indian lands' means--
                    ``(A) any Indian country of the Indian tribe, as 
                defined in section 1151 of title 18, United States 
                Code;
                    ``(B) any land in Alaska that is owned, pursuant to 
                the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 
                et seq.), by an Indian tribe that is a Native village 
                (as defined in section 3 of that Act (43 U.S.C. 1602)) 
                or by a Village Corporation that is associated with the 
                Indian tribe (as defined in section 3 of that Act (43 
                U.S.C. 1602));
                    ``(C) any land on which the seat of government of 
                the Indian tribe is located; and
                    ``(D) any land that is part or all of a tribal 
                designated statistical area associated with the Indian 
                tribe, or is part or all of an Alaska Native village 
                statistical area associated with the tribe, as defined 
                by the Bureau of the Census for the purposes of the 
                most recent decennial census.
            ``(2) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' or `tribe' 
        means any American Indian or Alaska Native tribe, band, nation, 
        pueblo, village, or community that the Secretary of the 
        Interior acknowledges to exist as a federally recognized Indian 
        tribe under the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 
        1994 (25 U.S.C. 479a et seq.).
            ``(3) Voting-age population.--The term `voting-age 
        population' means the numerical size of the population within a 
        State, within a political subdivision, or within a political 
        subdivision that contains Indian lands, as the case may be, 
        that consists of persons age 18 or older, as calculated by the 
        Bureau of the Census under the most recent decennial census.''.

SEC. 8010. BILINGUAL ELECTION REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 203(c) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 
10503(c)) is amended by striking ``or in the case of Alaskan natives 
and American Indians, if the predominant language is historically 
unwritten'' and inserting ``(as of the date on which the materials or 
information is provided)''.

SEC. 8011. REQUIRING DECLARATORY JUDGMENT OR PRECLEARANCE AS 
              PREREQUISITE FOR MULTIPLE CONGRESSIONAL REDISTRICTING 
              PLANS ENACTED PURSUANT TO SAME DECENNIAL CENSUS AND 
              APPORTIONMENT OF REPRESENTATIVES.

    (a) Declaratory Judgment That Plan Does Not Deny or Abridge Right 
To Vote on Account of Race or Color.--Except as provided in subsection 
(b), after a State enacts a Congressional redistricting plan in the 
manner provided by law after an apportionment of Representatives under 
section 22(a) of the Act entitled ``An Act to provide for the fifteenth 
and subsequent decennial censuses and to provide for an apportionment 
of Representatives in Congress'', approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a), 
any subsequent Congressional redistricting plan enacted by the State 
prior to the next apportionment of Representatives under such section 
shall not take effect unless and until--
            (1) the State commences a civil action in the United States 
        District Court for the District of Columbia for a declaratory 
        judgment that such subsequent plan neither has the purpose nor 
        will have the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote 
        on account of race or color, or in contravention of the 
        guarantees set forth in section 4(f)(2) of the Voting Rights 
        Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10303(f)(2)); and
            (2) the court enters such a declaratory judgment.
    (b) Preclearance.--A subsequent Congressional redistricting plan 
described in subsection (a) may take effect if--
            (1) the chief legal officer or other appropriate official 
        of the State involved submits the plan to the Attorney General 
        and the Attorney General has not interposed an objection within 
        60 days of such submission; or
            (2) upon good cause shown, to facilitate an expedited 
        approval within 60 days of such submission, the Attorney 
        General has affirmatively indicated that such objection will 
        not be made.
    (c) Application of Voting Rights Act of 1965.--For purposes of the 
Voting Rights Act of 1965, a declaratory judgment under subsection (a) 
or a preclearance under subsection (b), and the proceedings related to 
such judgment or preclearance, shall be treated as a declaratory 
judgment or preclearance under section 5 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 10304).
    (d) No Effect on Redistricting Plans Enacted Pursuant to Court 
Order.--This section does not apply with respect to any subsequent 
Congressional redistricting plan described in subsection (a) if the 
plan is enacted by a State pursuant to a court order in order to comply 
with the Constitution or to enforce the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 
U.S.C. 10301 et seq.).

SEC. 8012. OTHER TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Actions Covered Under Section 3.--Section 3(c) of the Voting 
Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10302(c)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``any proceeding instituted by the Attorney 
        General or an aggrieved person under any statute to enforce'' 
        and inserting ``any action under any statute in which a party 
        (including the Attorney General) seeks to enforce''; and
            (2) by striking ``at the time the proceeding was 
        commenced'' and inserting ``at the time the action was 
        commenced''.
    (b) Clarification of Treatment of Members of Language Minority 
Groups.--Section 4(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 10303(f)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking the second sentence; and
            (2) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4).
    (c) Period During Which Changes in Voting Practices Are Subject to 
Preclearance Under Section 5.--Section 5 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 10304) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``based upon 
        determinations made under the first sentence of section 4(b) 
        are in effect'' and inserting ``are in effect during a calendar 
        year'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``November 1, 1964'' and 
        all that follows through ``November 1, 1972'' and inserting 
        ``the applicable date of coverage''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(e) The term `applicable date of coverage' means, with respect to 
a State or political subdivision--
            ``(1) June 25, 2013, if the most recent determination for 
        such State or subdivision under section 4(b) was made on or 
        before December 31, 2015; or
            ``(2) the date on which the most recent determination for 
        such State or subdivision under section 4(b) was made, if such 
        determination was made after December 31, 2015.''.

SEC. 8013. TRIBAL VOTING CONSULTATION.

    The Attorney General shall consult annually with tribal 
organizations regarding issues related to voting for members of an 
Indian tribe (as defined under section 21 of the Voting Rights Act of 
1965, as added by section 8009 of this Act).

              Subtitle B--Promoting Internet Registration

SEC. 8100. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Voter Registration 
Modernization Act of 2018''.

                PART 1--PROMOTING INTERNET REGISTRATION

SEC. 8101. REQUIRING AVAILABILITY OF INTERNET FOR VOTER REGISTRATION.

    (a) Requiring Availability of Internet for Registration.--The 
National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.) is 
amended by inserting after section 6 the following new section:

``SEC. 6A. INTERNET REGISTRATION.

    ``(a) Requiring Availability of Internet for Online Registration.--
            ``(1) Availability of online registration.--Each State, 
        acting through the chief State election official, shall ensure 
        that the following services are available to the public at any 
        time on the official public websites of the appropriate State 
        and local election officials in the State, in the same manner 
        and subject to the same terms and conditions as the services 
        provided by voter registration agencies under section 7(a):
                    ``(A) Online application for voter registration.
                    ``(B) Online assistance to applicants in applying 
                to register to vote.
                    ``(C) Online completion and submission by 
                applicants of the mail voter registration application 
                form prescribed by the Election Assistance Commission 
                pursuant to section 9(a)(2), including assistance with 
                providing a signature in electronic form as required 
                under subsection (c).
                    ``(D) Online receipt of completed voter 
                registration applications.
    ``(b) Acceptance of Completed Applications.--A State shall accept 
an online voter registration application provided by an individual 
under this section, and ensure that the individual is registered to 
vote in the State, if--
            ``(1) the individual meets the same voter registration 
        requirements applicable to individuals who register to vote by 
        mail in accordance with section 6(a)(1) using the mail voter 
        registration application form prescribed by the Election 
        Assistance Commission pursuant to section 9(a)(2); and
            ``(2) the individual provides a signature in electronic 
        form in accordance with subsection (c) (but only in the case of 
        applications submitted during or after the second year in which 
        this section is in effect in the State).
    ``(c) Signatures in Electronic Form.--For purposes of this section, 
an individual provides a signature in electronic form by--
            ``(1) executing a computerized mark in the signature field 
        on an online voter registration application; or
            ``(2) submitting with the application an electronic copy of 
        the individual's handwritten signature through electronic 
        means.
    ``(d) Confirmation and Disposition.--
            ``(1) Confirmation of receipt.--Upon the online submission 
        of a completed voter registration application by an individual 
        under this section, the appropriate State or local election 
        official shall send the individual a notice confirming the 
        State's receipt of the application and providing instructions 
        on how the individual may check the status of the application.
            ``(2) Notice of disposition.--As soon as the appropriate 
        State or local election official has approved or rejected an 
        application submitted by an individual under this section, the 
        official shall send the individual a notice of the disposition 
        of the application.
            ``(3) Method of notification.--The appropriate State or 
        local election official shall send the notices required under 
        this subsection by regular mail, and, in the case of an 
        individual who has requested that the State provide voter 
        registration and voting information through electronic mail, by 
        both electronic mail and regular mail.
    ``(e) Provision of Services in Nonpartisan Manner.--The services 
made available under subsection (a) shall be provided in a manner that 
ensures that, consistent with section 7(a)(5)--
            ``(1) the online application does not seek to influence an 
        applicant's political preference or party registration; and
            ``(2) there is no display on the website promoting any 
        political preference or party allegiance, except that nothing 
        in this paragraph may be construed to prohibit an applicant 
        from registering to vote as a member of a political party.
    ``(f) Protection of Security of Information.--In meeting the 
requirements of this section, the State shall establish appropriate 
technological security measures to prevent to the greatest extent 
practicable any unauthorized access to information provided by 
individuals using the services made available under subsection (a).
    ``(g) Use of Additional Telephone-Based System.--A State shall make 
the services made available online under subsection (a) available 
through the use of an automated telephone-based system, subject to the 
same terms and conditions applicable under this section to the services 
made available online, in addition to making the services available 
online in accordance with the requirements of this section.
    ``(h) Nondiscrimination Among Registered Voters Using Mail and 
Online Registration.--In carrying out this Act, the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002, or any other Federal, State, or local law governing the 
treatment of registered voters in the State or the administration of 
elections for public office in the State, a State shall treat a 
registered voter who registered to vote online in accordance with this 
section in the same manner as the State treats a registered voter who 
registered to vote by mail.''.
    (b) Special Requirements for Individuals Using Online 
Registration.--
            (1) Treatment as individuals registering to vote by mail 
        for purposes of first-time voter identification requirements.--
        Section 303(b)(1)(A) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
        U.S.C. 21083(b)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``by mail'' and 
        inserting ``by mail or online under section 6A of the National 
        Voter Registration Act of 1993''.
            (2) Requiring signature for first-time voters in 
        jurisdiction.--Section 303(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(b)) 
        is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph 
                (6); and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(5) Signature requirements for first-time voters using 
        online registration.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A State shall, in a uniform and 
                nondiscriminatory manner, require an individual to meet 
                the requirements of subparagraph (B) if--
                            ``(i) the individual registered to vote in 
                        the State online under section 6A of the 
                        National Voter Registration Act of 1993; and
                            ``(ii) the individual has not previously 
                        voted in an election for Federal office in the 
                        State.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--An individual meets the 
                requirements of this subparagraph if--
                            ``(i) in the case of an individual who 
                        votes in person, the individual provides the 
                        appropriate State or local election official 
                        with a handwritten signature; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of an individual who 
                        votes by mail, the individual submits with the 
                        ballot a handwritten signature.
                    ``(C) Inapplicability.--Subparagraph (A) does not 
                apply in the case of an individual who is--
                            ``(i) entitled to vote by absentee ballot 
                        under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens 
                        Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302 et seq.);
                            ``(ii) provided the right to vote otherwise 
                        than in person under section 3(b)(2)(B)(ii) of 
                        the Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and 
                        Handicapped Act (52 U.S.C. 20102(b)(2)(B)(ii)); 
                        or
                            ``(iii) entitled to vote otherwise than in 
                        person under any other Federal law.''.
            (3) Conforming amendment relating to effective date.--
        Section 303(d)(2)(A) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(d)(2)(A)) is 
        amended by striking ``Each State'' and inserting ``Except as 
        provided in subsection (b)(5), each State''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Timing of registration.--Section 8(a)(1) of the 
        National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)(1)) 
        is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph 
                (C);
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                subparagraph (E); and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                following new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) in the case of online registration through 
                the official public website of an election official 
                under section 6A, if the valid voter registration 
                application is submitted online not later than the 
                lesser of 30 days, or the period provided by State law, 
                before the date of the election (as determined by 
                treating the date on which the application is sent 
                electronically as the date on which it is submitted); 
                and''.
            (2) Informing applicants of eligibility requirements and 
        penalties.--Section 8(a)(5) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)(5)) 
        is amended by striking ``and 7'' and inserting ``6A, and 7''.

SEC. 8102. USE OF INTERNET TO UPDATE REGISTRATION INFORMATION.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Updates to information contained on computerized 
        statewide voter registration list.--Section 303(a) of the Help 
        America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(a)) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(6) Use of internet by registered voters to update 
        information.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The appropriate State or local 
                election official shall ensure that any registered 
                voter on the computerized list may at any time update 
                the voter's registration information, including the 
                voter's address and electronic mail address, online 
                through the official public website of the election 
                official responsible for the maintenance of the list, 
                so long as the voter attests to the contents of the 
                update by providing a signature in electronic form in 
                the same manner required under section 6A(c) of the 
                National Voter Registration Act of 1993.
                    ``(B) Processing of updated information by election 
                officials.--If a registered voter updates registration 
                information under subparagraph (A), the appropriate 
                State or local election official shall--
                            ``(i) revise any information on the 
                        computerized list to reflect the update made by 
                        the voter; and
                            ``(ii) if the updated registration 
                        information affects the voter's eligibility to 
                        vote in an election for Federal office, ensure 
                        that the information is processed with respect 
                        to the election if the voter updates the 
                        information not later than the lesser of 7 
                        days, or the period provided by State law, 
                        before the date of the election.
                    ``(C) Confirmation and disposition.--
                            ``(i) Confirmation of receipt.--Upon the 
                        online submission of updated registration 
                        information by an individual under this 
                        paragraph, the appropriate State or local 
                        election official shall send the individual a 
                        notice confirming the State's receipt of the 
                        updated information and providing instructions 
                        on how the individual may check the status of 
                        the update.
                            ``(ii) Notice of disposition.--As soon as 
                        the appropriate State or local election 
                        official has accepted or rejected updated 
                        information submitted by an individual under 
                        this paragraph, the official shall send the 
                        individual a notice of the disposition of the 
                        update.
                            ``(iii) Method of notification.--The 
                        appropriate State or local election official 
                        shall send the notices required under this 
                        subparagraph by regular mail, and, in the case 
                        of an individual who has requested that the 
                        State provide voter registration and voting 
                        information through electronic mail, by both 
                        electronic mail and regular mail.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment relating to effective date.--
        Section 303(d)(1)(A) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(d)(1)(A)) is 
        amended by striking ``subparagraph (B)'' and inserting 
        ``subparagraph (B) and subsection (a)(6)''.
    (b) Ability of Registrant To Use Online Update To Provide 
Information on Residence.--Section 8(d)(2)(A) of the National Voter 
Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(d)(2)(A)) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by inserting after ``return the 
        card'' the following: ``or update the registrant's information 
        on the computerized Statewide voter registration list using the 
        online method provided under section 303(a)(6) of the Help 
        America Vote Act of 2002''; and
            (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``returned,'' and 
        inserting the following: ``returned or if the registrant does 
        not update the registrant's information on the computerized 
        Statewide voter registration list using such online method,''.

SEC. 8103. PROVISION OF ELECTION INFORMATION BY ELECTRONIC MAIL TO 
              INDIVIDUALS REGISTERED TO VOTE.

    (a) Including Option on Voter Registration Application To Provide 
E-Mail Address and Receive Information.--
            (1) In general.--Section 9(b) of the National Voter 
        Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20508(b)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph 
                (3);
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph 
                (4) and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(5) shall include a space for the applicant to provide 
        (at the applicant's option) an electronic mail address, 
        together with a statement that, if the applicant so requests, 
        instead of using regular mail the appropriate State and local 
        election officials shall provide to the applicant, through 
        electronic mail sent to that address, the same voting 
        information (as defined in section 302(b)(2) of the Help 
        America Vote Act of 2002) which the officials would provide to 
        the applicant through regular mail.''.
            (2) Prohibiting use for purposes unrelated to official 
        duties of election officials.--Section 9 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
        20508) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(c) Prohibiting Use of Electronic Mail Addresses for Other Than 
Official Purposes.--The chief State election official shall ensure that 
any electronic mail address provided by an applicant under subsection 
(b)(5) is used only for purposes of carrying out official duties of 
election officials and is not transmitted by any State or local 
election official (or any agent of such an official, including a 
contractor) to any person who does not require the address to carry out 
such official duties and who is not under the direct supervision and 
control of a State or local election official.''.
    (b) Requiring Provision of Information by Election Officials.--
Section 302(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 
21082(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) Provision of other information by electronic mail.--
        If an individual who is a registered voter has provided the 
        State or local election official with an electronic mail 
        address for the purpose of receiving voting information (as 
        described in section 9(b)(5) of the National Voter Registration 
        Act of 1993), the appropriate State or local election official, 
        through electronic mail transmitted not later than 7 days 
        before the date of the election involved, shall provide the 
        individual with information on how to obtain the following 
        information by electronic means:
                    ``(A) The name and address of the polling place at 
                which the individual is assigned to vote in the 
                election.
                    ``(B) The hours of operation for the polling place.
                    ``(C) A description of any identification or other 
                information the individual may be required to present 
                at the polling place.''.

SEC. 8104. CLARIFICATION OF REQUIREMENT REGARDING NECESSARY INFORMATION 
              TO SHOW ELIGIBILITY TO VOTE.

    Section 8 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 
20507) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (j) as subsection (k); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (i) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(j) Requirement for State To Register Applicants Providing 
Necessary Information To Show Eligibility To Vote.--For purposes 
meeting the requirement of subsection (a)(1) that an eligible applicant 
is registered to vote in an election for Federal office within the 
deadlines required under such subsection, the State shall consider an 
applicant to have provided a `valid voter registration form' if--
            ``(1) the applicant has accurately completed the 
        application form and attested to the statement required by 
        section 9(b)(2); and
            ``(2) in the case of an applicant who registers to vote 
        online in accordance with section 6A, the applicant provides a 
        signature in accordance with subsection (c) of such section.''.

SEC. 8105. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the 
amendments made by this part (other than the amendments made by section 
8104) shall take effect January 1, 2020.
    (b) Waiver.--Subject to the approval of the Election Assistance 
Commission, if a State certifies to the Election Assistance Commission 
that the State will not meet the deadline referred to in subsection (a) 
because of extraordinary circumstances and includes in the 
certification the reasons for the failure to meet the deadline, 
subsection (a) shall apply to the State as if the reference in such 
subsection to ``January 1, 2020'' were a reference to ``January 1, 
2022''.

         PART 2--AUTOMATED REGISTRATION OF CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS

SEC. 8111. AUTOMATED VOTER REGISTRATION.

    (a) Collection of Information by Source Agencies.--
            (1) Duties of source agencies.--Each source agency in a 
        State (as defined in subsection (e)) shall, with each 
        application for services or assistance by an individual, and 
        with each recertification, renewal, or change of address 
        relating to such services or assistance--
                    (A) notify each such individual of the substantive 
                qualifications of an elector in the State, using 
                language approved by the State's chief election 
                official;
                    (B) notify each such individual that there is an 
                opportunity to be registered to vote or update voter 
                registration, but that voter registration is voluntary, 
                and that neither registering nor declining to register 
                to vote will in any way affect the availability of 
                services or benefits, nor be used for other purposes;
                    (C) require that each such individual indicate, 
                after considering the substantive qualification of an 
                elector in the State, whether or not the person wishes 
                to be registered;
                    (D) ensure that each such individual's transaction 
                with the agency cannot be completed until the 
                individual has indicated whether he or she wishes to 
                register to vote; and
                    (E) for each such individual who consents to using 
                the individual's records with the source agency to 
                enable the individual to register to vote under this 
                section, collect a signed affirmation of eligibility to 
                register to vote in the State.
            (2) No effect on right to decline voter registration.--
        Nothing in this part shall be construed to interfere with the 
        right of any person to decline to be registered to vote for any 
        reason.
    (b) Transfer of Information on Individuals Consenting to Voter 
Registration.--
            (1) Transfer.--For each individual who notifies the source 
        agency that the individual consents to voter registration under 
        this section, the source agency shall transfer to the chief 
        State election official of the State the following data, to the 
        extent the data is available to the source agency:
                    (A) The given name or names and surname or 
                surnames.
                    (B) Date of birth.
                    (C) Residential address.
                    (D) Mailing address.
                    (E) Signature, in electronic form.
                    (F) Date of the last change to the information.
                    (G) The motor vehicle driver's license number.
                    (H) The last four digits of the Social Security 
                number.
            (2) Timing of transfer.--The source agency shall transfer 
        the data described in paragraph (1) to the chief State election 
        official on a daily basis.
            (3) Format.--The data transferred under paragraph (1) shall 
        be transferred in a format compatible with the Statewide 
        computerized voter registration list under section 303 of the 
        Help America Vote Act of 2002.
            (4) Prohibiting storage of information.--Any information 
        collected by the source agency under this section with respect 
        to an individual who consents to register to vote under this 
        section may not be stored by the source agency in any form 
        after the information is transferred to the chief State 
        election official under paragraph (1).
    (c) Registration of Individuals by Chief State Election Official.--
            (1) Comparison with statewide voter registration list.--
        Upon receiving information from a source agency with respect to 
        an individual under subsection (b), the chief State election 
        official shall determine whether the individual is included in 
        the computerized Statewide voter registration list established 
        and maintained under section 303 of the Help America Vote Act 
        of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083).
            (2) Registration of individuals not on statewide list.--If 
        an individual for whom information is received from a source 
        agency under subsection (b) is eligible to vote in elections 
        for Federal office in the State and is not on the computerized 
        Statewide voter registration list, the chief State election 
        official shall--
                    (A) ensure that the individual is registered to 
                vote in such elections not later than 5 days after 
                receiving the information, without regard to whether or 
                not the information provided by the source agency 
                includes the individual's signature;
                    (B) update the Statewide computerized voter 
                registration list to include the individual; and
                    (C) notify the individual that the individual is 
                registered to vote in elections for Federal office in 
                the State.
            (3) Treatment of information incorrectly provided.--If a 
        source agency provides the chief State election official with 
        information with respect to an individual who did not consent 
        to be registered to vote under this section, the chief State 
        election official shall not take any action to register the 
        individual to vote, except that no such individual who is 
        already included on the computerized Statewide voter 
        registration list shall be removed from the list solely because 
        the information was incorrectly provided under subsection (b).
            (4) No effect on other means of registration.--Nothing in 
        this section affects a State's obligation to register voters 
        upon receipt of a valid voter registration application through 
        means provided by National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 
        U.S.C. 20501 et seq.), the internet registration procedure 
        described in part 1, or other valid means.
            (5) Individuals in existing records.--No later than January 
        2021, each individual who is listed in a source agency's 
        records and for whom there exists reason to believe the 
        individual is a citizen and not otherwise ineligible to vote 
        shall be mailed a postage pre-paid return postcard including a 
        box for the individual to check, together with the statement 
        (in close proximity to the box and in prominent type), ``By 
        checking this box, I affirm that I am a citizen of the United 
        States, am eligible to vote in this State, and will be at least 
        eighteen years old by the next general election. I understand 
        that by checking this box, I will be registered to vote if I am 
        eligible to vote in the State.'', along with a clear 
        description of the voting eligibility requirements in the 
        State. The postcard shall also include, where required for 
        voter registration, a place for the individual's signature and 
        designation of party affiliation. An individual who checks the 
        box and returns the completed postcard postmarked not later 
        than the lesser of the fifteenth day before an election for 
        Federal office, or the period provided by State law, shall be 
        registered to vote in that election.
    (d) Options for State To Require Special Treatment of Individuals 
Registered Automatically.--
            (1) Treatment as individuals registering to vote by mail 
        for purposes of first-time voter identification requirements.--
        Section 303(b)(1)(A) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
        U.S.C. 21083(b)(1)(A)), as amended by section 8101(b)(1), is 
        amended by striking ``of 1993'' and inserting ``of 1993 or (at 
        the option of the State) was registered automatically under 
        section 8111 of the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 
        2018''.
            (2) Requiring signature.--Section 303(b) of such Act (52 
        U.S.C. 21083(b)), as amended by section 8101(b)(2), is 
        amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph 
                (7); and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(5) Option for state to require signature requirements 
        for first-time voters registered automatically.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A State may, in a uniform and 
                nondiscriminatory manner, require an individual to meet 
                the requirements of subparagraph (B) if--
                            ``(i) the individual was registered to vote 
                        in the State automatically under section 8111 
                        of the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 
                        2018; and
                            ``(ii) the individual has not previously 
                        voted in an election for Federal office in the 
                        State.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--An individual meets the 
                requirements of this subparagraph if--
                            ``(i) in the case of an individual who 
                        votes in person, the individual provides the 
                        appropriate State or local election official 
                        with a handwritten signature; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of an individual who 
                        votes by mail, the individual submits with the 
                        ballot a handwritten signature.
                    ``(C) Inapplicability.--Subparagraph (A) does not 
                apply in the case of an individual who is--
                            ``(i) entitled to vote by absentee ballot 
                        under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens 
                        Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302 et seq.);
                            ``(ii) provided the right to vote otherwise 
                        than in person under section 3(b)(2)(B)(ii) of 
                        the Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and 
                        Handicapped Act (52 U.S.C. 20102(b)(2)(B)(ii)); 
                        or
                            ``(iii) entitled to vote otherwise than in 
                        person under any other Federal law.''.
            (3) Conforming amendment relating to effective date.--
        Section 303(d)(2)(A) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(d)(2)(A)), as 
        amended by section 101(b)(3), is amended by striking 
        ``subsection (b)(5)'' and inserting ``subsections (b)(5) and 
        (b)(6)''.
    (e) Source Agencies Described.--
            (1) In general.--With respect to any State, a ``source 
        agency'' is--
                    (A) each State office which is described in 
                paragraph (2); and
                    (B) each Federal office which is described in 
                paragraph (3) which is located in the State, except 
                that such office shall be a source agency only with 
                respect to individuals who are residents of the State 
                in which the office is located.
            (2) State offices described.--
                    (A) In general.--The State offices described in 
                this paragraph are as follows:
                            (i) The State motor vehicle authority.
                            (ii) Each office in the State which is 
                        designated as a voter registration agency in a 
                        State pursuant to section 7(a) of the National 
                        Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 
                        20506(a)).
                            (iii) Each State agency that administers a 
                        program providing assistance pursuant to 
                        pursuant to title III of the Social Security 
                        Act (42 U.S.C. 501 et seq.).
                            (iv) Each State agency primarily 
                        responsible for maintaining identifying 
                        information for students enrolled at public 
                        secondary schools in the State, including, 
                        where applicable, the State agency responsible 
                        for maintaining the education data system 
                        described in section 6401(e)(2) of the America 
                        COMPETES Act (20 U.S.C. 9871(e)(2)).
                            (v) In the case of a State in which an 
                        individual disenfranchised by a criminal 
                        conviction may become eligible to vote upon 
                        completion of criminal sentence or any part 
                        thereof, or upon formal restoration of rights, 
                        the State agency responsible for administering 
                        that sentence, or part thereof, or that 
                        restoration of rights.
                            (vi) In the case of a State in which an 
                        individual disenfranchised by adjudication of 
                        mental incompetence or similar condition 
                        becomes eligible to register to vote upon the 
                        restoration of competence or similar condition, 
                        each State agency responsible for determining 
                        when competence or a similar condition is met.
                            (vii) Such other office which may be 
                        designated as a source agency by the chief 
                        State election official of the State.
                    (B) Criteria for designation of additional source 
                agencies.--In designating offices of the State as 
                source agencies for purposes of subparagraph (A)(vii), 
                the chief State election official shall give priority 
                on the basis of the following criteria:
                            (i) The extent to which individuals 
                        receiving services or assistance from the 
                        office are likely to be individuals who are 
                        eligible to register to vote in elections for 
                        Federal office in the State but who are not 
                        registered to vote in such elections.
                            (ii) The accuracy of the office's records 
                        with respect to identifying information 
                        (including age, citizenship status, and 
                        residency) for individuals receiving services 
                        or assistance from the office.
                            (iii) The cost-effectiveness of obtaining 
                        such identifying information and transmitting 
                        the information to the chief State election 
                        official.
                            (iv) The extent to which the designation of 
                        the office as a voter registration agency will 
                        promote the registration of eligible 
                        individuals to vote in elections for Federal 
                        office in the State and the accuracy of the 
                        State's Statewide computerized voter 
                        registration list under the Help America Vote 
                        Act of 2002.
            (3) Federal offices described.--The Federal offices 
        described in this paragraph are as follows:
                    (A) Armed Forces recruitment offices.
                    (B) The United States Immigration and Customs 
                Enforcement Bureau, but only with respect to 
                individuals who complete the naturalization process.
                    (C) The Social Security Administration.
                    (D) The Administrative Office of the United States 
                Courts, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and the United 
                States Probation Service, but only with respect to 
                individuals completing terms of prison, sentences, 
                probation, or parole.
                    (E) The Department of Veterans Affairs, but only 
                with respect to individuals applying for or using 
                health care services or services for homeless 
                individuals.
                    (F) The Defense Manpower Data Center of the 
                Department of Defense.
                    (G) The Indian Health Services of the Department of 
                Health and Human Services.
                    (H) The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services 
                of the Department of Health and Human Services.
                    (I) Any other Federal office which designated by a 
                State (with the consent of the President) as a source 
                agency with respect to the State.

SEC. 8112. LIST MAINTENANCE, PRIVACY, AND SECURITY.

    (a) Database Management Standards.--
            (1) Database matching standards.--The chief State election 
        official of each State shall establish standards governing the 
        comparison of data on the Statewide computerized voter 
        registration list under section 303 of the Help America Vote 
        Act of 2002, the data provided by various source agencies under 
        section 8111, and relevant data from other sources, including 
        the specific data elements and data matching rules to be used 
        for purposes of determining--
                    (A) whether a data record from any source agency 
                represents the same individual as a record in another 
                source agency or on the Statewide list;
                    (B) whether a data record from any source agency 
                represents an individual already registered to vote in 
                the State;
                    (C) whether two data records in the Statewide 
                computerized voter registration list represent 
                duplicate records for the same individual;
                    (D) whether a data record supplied by any list 
                maintenance source represents an individual already 
                registered to vote in the State; and
                    (E) which information will be treated as more 
                current and reliable when data records from multiple 
                sources present information for the same individual.
            (2) Standards for determining ineligibility.--The chief 
        State election official of a State shall establish uniform and 
        non-discriminatory standards describing the specific conditions 
        under which an individual will be determined for list 
        maintenance purposes to be ineligible to vote in an election 
        for Federal office in the State.
    (b) Privacy and Security Standards.--
            (1) Privacy and security policy.--The chief State election 
        official of a State shall publish and enforce a privacy and 
        security policy specifying each class of users who shall have 
        authorized access to the computerized Statewide voter 
        registration list, specifying for each such class the 
        permission and levels of access to be granted, and setting 
        forth other safeguards to protect the privacy and security of 
        the information on the list. Such policy shall include security 
        safeguards to protect personal information in the data transfer 
        process under section 8111, the online or telephone interface, 
        the maintenance of the voter registration database, and audit 
        procedure to track individual access to the system.
            (2) No unauthorized access.--The chief election official of 
        a State shall establish policies and enforcement procedures to 
        prevent unauthorized access to or use of the computerized 
        Statewide voter registration list, any list or other 
        information provided by a source agency under section 8111, or 
        any maintenance source for the list. Nothing in this paragraph 
        shall be construed to prohibit access to information required 
        for official purposes for purposes of voter registration, 
        election administration, and the enforcement of election laws.
            (3) Inter-agency transfers.--
                    (A) In general.--The chief election official of a 
                State shall establish policies and enforcement 
                procedures to maintain security during inter-agency 
                transfers of information required or permitted under 
                this subtitle. Each State agency and third party 
                participating in such inter-agency transfers of 
                information shall facilitate and comply with such 
                policies. Nothing in this subparagraph shall prevent a 
                source agency under section 8111 from establishing and 
                enforcing additional security measures to protect the 
                confidentiality and integrity of inter-agency data 
                transfers. No State or local election official shall 
                transfer or facilitate the transfer of information from 
                the computerized Statewide voter registration list to 
                any source agency under section 8111.
                    (B) Transmission through secure third parties 
                permitted.--Nothing in this section shall be construed 
                to prevent a source agency under section 8111 from 
                contracting with a third party to assist in the 
                transmission of data to a chief State election 
                official, so long as the data transmission complies 
                with the applicable requirements of this subtitle, 
                including the privacy and security provisions of this 
                section.
            (4) Records retention.--The chief State election official 
        of a State shall establish standards and procedures to maintain 
        all election records required for purposes of this subtitle, 
        including for the purpose of determining the eligibility of 
        persons casting provisional ballots under section 302 of the 
        Help America Vote Act of 2002. Records for individuals who have 
        been retained on the computerized Statewide voter registration 
        list under section 303 of such Act but identified as ineligible 
        to vote in an election for Federal office within the State, or 
        removed from the list due to ineligibility, shall be maintained 
        and kept available until at least the date of the second 
        general election for Federal office that occurs after the date 
        that the individual was identified as ineligible.
    (c) Publication of Standards.--The chief State election official of 
a State shall publish on the official's website the standards 
established under this section, and shall make those standards 
available in written form upon public request.
    (d) Protection of Source Information.--The identity of the specific 
source agency through which an individual consented to register to vote 
under section 8111 shall not be disclosed to the public and shall not 
be retained after the individual is added to the computerized Statewide 
voter registration list.
    (e) Confidentiality of Information.--The chief State election 
official of a State shall establish policies and enforcement procedures 
to ensure that personal information provided by source agencies or 
otherwise transmitted under this section is kept confidential and is 
available only to authorized users. For purposes of these policies and 
procedures, the term ``personal information'' means any of the 
following:
            (1) Any portion of an individual's Social Security number.
            (2) Any portion of an individual's motor vehicle driver's 
        license number or State identification card number.
            (3) An individual's signature.
            (4) An individual's personal residence and contact 
        information (in the case of individuals with respect to whom 
        such information is required to be maintained as confidential 
        under State law).
            (5) Sensitive information relating to persons in categories 
        designated confidential by Federal or State law, including 
        victims of domestic violence or stalking, prosecutors and law 
        enforcement personnel, and participants in a witness protection 
        program.
            (6) An individual's phone number.
            (7) An individual's email address.
            (8) Any indication of an individual's status as a citizen 
        or noncitizen of the United States.
            (9) Such other information as the chief State election 
        official may designate as confidential to the extent reasonably 
        necessary to prevent identity theft or impersonation, except 
        that the chief State election official may not designate as 
        confidential under this subparagraph the name, address, or date 
        of registration of an individual, or, where applicable, the 
        self-identified racial or ethnic category of the individual as 
        applicable under Revisions to OMB Directive Number 15 or 
        successor directives.
    (f) Protections Against Liability of Individuals on Basis of 
Information Transferred.--
            (1) No individual liability for registration of ineligible 
        individual.--If an individual who is not eligible to register 
        to vote in elections for Federal office is registered to vote 
        in such elections by a chief State election official under 
        section 8111, the individual shall not be subject to any 
        penalty, including the imposition of a fine or term of 
        imprisonment, adverse treatment in any immigration or 
        naturalization proceeding, or the denial of any status under 
        immigration laws, under any law prohibiting an individual who 
        is not eligible to register to vote in elections for Federal 
        office from registering to vote in such elections. Nothing in 
        this paragraph shall be construed to waive the liability of any 
        individual who knowingly provides false information to any 
        person regarding the individual's eligibility to register to 
        vote or vote in elections for Federal office.
            (2) Prohibiting use of information by officials.--No person 
        acting under color of law may use the information received by 
        the chief State election official under section 8111 to attempt 
        to determine the citizenship status of any individual for 
        immigration enforcement, criminal law enforcement (other than 
        enforcement of election laws), or any purpose other than voter 
        registration, election administration, or the enforcement of 
        election laws.
    (g) Prohibition on Transfer of Information Irrelevant to 
Administration of Elections.--No source agency shall transmit any 
information under section 8111 which is irrelevant to the 
administration of elections. To the extent that an election official 
receives any information which is accidentally or inadvertently 
transferred by a source agency under such section, the official shall 
immediately delete the information from the official's records.
    (h) Restriction on Use of Information.--No information relating to 
an individual's absence from the Statewide voter registration list 
under section 303 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 or an 
individual's declination to supply information for voter registration 
purposes to a source agency under section 8111 may be disclosed to the 
public for immigration enforcement, criminal law enforcement other than 
enforcement of laws against election crimes, or used for any purpose 
other than voter registration, election administration, or the 
enforcement of election laws.
    (i) Nondiscrimination.--No person acting under color of law may 
discriminate against any individual on the basis of the individual's 
absence from the statewide voter registration list, the information 
supplied by the individual for voter registration purpose to a source 
agency under section 8111, or the individual's declination to supply 
such information, except as required for purposes of voter 
registration, election administration, and the enforcement of election 
laws.
    (j) Prohibition on the Use of Voter Registration Information for 
Commercial or Nongovernmental Purposes.--Voter registration information 
collected under this subtitle shall not be used for commercial purposes 
including for comparison with any existing commercial list or database.
    (k) Penalty.--Whoever knowingly uses information or permits 
information to be used in violation of this section shall be imprisoned 
for not more than 1 year, fined under title 18, United States Code, or 
both.
    (l) Exclusion From Lists of Individuals Declining Registration.--
The chief State election official of a State shall ensure that, with 
respect to any individual who declines the opportunity to register to 
vote under section 8111, the individual's information is not included 
on the computerized Statewide voter registration list under section 303 
of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 and is not provided to any third 
party (except to the extent required under other law). Nothing in this 
subsection shall be construed to preclude an individual who has 
previously declined the opportunity to register to vote from 
subsequently registering to vote.
    (m) Assistance to States for Carrying Out List Security, 
Maintenance, and Privacy Requirements.--
            (1) Authorization of funding.--Section 257(a) of the Help 
        America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21007(a)) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(5) For fiscal year 2020, such sums as may be necessary 
        for such payments, except that a State may use a requirement 
        payment made with funds authorized under this paragraph solely 
        to upgrade the security of the State's voter registration lists 
        and voter registration processes and to carry out other 
        activities necessary to meet the requirements of section 
        303(a)(3) (relating to the technological security of the 
        State's computerized voter registration list) and the 
        requirements of the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 
        2018.''.
            (2) Waiver of 5 percent match requirement.--Section 
        253(b)(5) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21003(b)(5)) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``subparagraph 
                (B)'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (B) and (C)''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
            ``(C) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply for purposes of 
        determining the eligibility of a State to receive a 
        requirements payment appropriated pursuant to the authorization 
        provided under section 257(a)(5) for fiscal year 2020.''.

SEC. 8113. PROMOTING ACCURACY OF STATEWIDE VOTER REGISTRATION LISTS.

    (a) Deadlines for Transmittal of Change of Address or Other 
Identifying Information.--
            (1) Information received by state motor vehicle 
        authority.--Section 5(d) of the National Voter Registration Act 
        of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20504(d)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Automatic Transmittal of Change of Address or Other 
Identifying Information.--Not later than 24 hours after receiving a 
change of address form or any other information indicating that 
identifying information with respect to an individual which is included 
in the records of the State motor vehicle authority has been changed, 
the State motor vehicle authority shall transmit such form or other 
information to the chief State election official, unless--
            ``(1) the records of the authority include information 
        indicating that the individual is not eligible to register to 
        vote in the State; or
            ``(2) the individual States on the form or otherwise 
        indicates that the change of address or other information is 
        not for voter registration purposes.''.
            (2) Information received by other voter registration 
        agencies.--Section 7 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20506) is amended 
        by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(e) Automatic Transmittal of Change of Address or Other 
Identifying Information.--Not later than 24 hours after receiving a 
change of address form or any other information indicating that 
identifying information with respect to an individual which is included 
in the records of a voter registration agency designated under this 
section has been changed, the appropriate official of such agency shall 
transmit such form or other information to the chief State election 
official, unless--
            ``(1) the records of the agency include information 
        indicating that the individual is not eligible to register to 
        vote in the State; or
            ``(2) the individual States on the form or otherwise 
        indicates that the change of address or other information is 
        not for voter registration purposes.''.
            (3) Information received from source agencies.--Not later 
        than 24 hours after receiving a change of address form or any 
        other information indicating that identifying information with 
        respect to an individual which is included in the records of a 
        source agency designated under section 8111 has been changed, 
        the appropriate official of such agency shall transmit such 
        form or other information to the chief State election official, 
        unless--
                    (A) the records of the agency include information 
                indicating that the individual is not eligible to 
                register to vote in the State; or
                    (B) the individual States on the form or otherwise 
                indicates that the change of address or other 
                information is not for voter registration purposes.
    (b) Revision of Statewide Computerized List To Reflect Revised 
Information.--Section 303(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
U.S.C. 21083(a)), as amended by section 102(a), is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Revision of list to reflect information received from 
        other state offices.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If a State motor vehicle 
                authority (pursuant to section 5(d) of the National 
                Voter Registration Act of 1993) a voter registration 
                agency (designated under section 7 of such Act), or a 
                source agency (designated under section 8111 of the 
                Voter Registration Modernization Act of 2018) transmits 
                to the chief State election official a change of 
                address form or any other information indicating that 
                identifying information with respect to an individual 
                has been changed, the appropriate State or local 
                election official shall--
                            ``(i) determine whether the individual 
                        appears on the computerized list established 
                        under this section; and
                            ``(ii) if the individual appears on the 
                        list, revise the information relating to the 
                        individual on the list to reflect the 
                        individual's new address or other changed 
                        identifying information.
                    ``(B) Notification to voters.--If an election 
                official revises any voter registration information on 
                the computerized list with respect to any voter 
                (including removing the voter from the list), 
                immediately after revising the information, the 
                official shall send the individual a written notice of 
                the revision which includes the following information:
                            ``(i) The voter's name, date of birth, and 
                        address, as reflected in the revised 
                        information on the computerized list.
                            ``(ii) A statement that the voter's voter 
                        registration information has been updated.
                            ``(iii) Information on how to correct 
                        information on the computerized list.
                            ``(iv) A statement of the eligibility 
                        requirements for registered voters in the 
                        State.
                            ``(v) A statement (in larger font size than 
                        the other statements on the notice) that it is 
                        illegal for an individual who does not meet the 
                        eligibility requirements for registered voters 
                        in the State to vote in an election in the 
                        State.
                            ``(vi) A statement that the voter may 
                        terminate the voter's status as a registered 
                        voter in the State, or request a change in the 
                        voter's voter registration information, at any 
                        time by contacting the appropriate State or 
                        local election official, together with contact 
                        information for such official (including any 
                        website through which the voter may contact the 
                        official or obtain information on voter 
                        registration in the State).
                    ``(C) Use of electronic mail.--If an election 
                official has an electronic mail address for any voter 
                to whom the official is required to send a written 
                notice under this paragraph, the official may meet the 
                requirements of this paragraph by sending the notice to 
                the voter in electronic form at that address, but only 
                if prior to sending the notice, the official sends a 
                test electronic mail to the voter at that address and 
                receives confirmation that the address is current and 
                valid.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to elections occurring during 2020 or any succeeding 
year.

SEC. 8114. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) Chief State Election Official.--In this part, the ``chief State 
election official'' means, with respect to a State, the individual 
designated by the State under section 10 of the National Voter 
Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20509) to be responsible for 
coordination of the State's responsibilities under such Act.
    (b) State.--In this part, a ``State'' includes the District of 
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin 
Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern 
Mariana Islands, but does not include any State in which, under a State 
law in effect continuously on and after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, there is no voter registration requirement for individuals in 
the State with respect to elections for Federal office.

SEC. 8115. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This part and the amendments made by this part shall apply with 
respect to the regularly scheduled general election for Federal office 
held in November 2020 and each succeeding election for Federal office.

        PART 3--OTHER INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE VOTER REGISTRATION

SEC. 8121. SAME DAY REGISTRATION.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 304 and 305 as sections 305 
        and 306; and
            (2) by inserting after section 303 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 304. SAME DAY REGISTRATION.

    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Registration.--Notwithstanding section 8(a)(1)(D) of 
        the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 
        20507(a)(1)(D)), each State shall permit any eligible 
        individual on the day of a Federal election and on any day when 
        voting, including early voting, is permitted for a Federal 
        election--
                    ``(A) to register to vote in such election at the 
                polling place using a form that meets the requirements 
                under section 9(b) of the National Voter Registration 
                Act of 1993 (or, if the individual is already 
                registered to vote, to revise any of the individual's 
                voter registration information); and
                    ``(B) to cast a vote in such election.
            ``(2) Exception.--The requirements under paragraph (1) 
        shall not apply to a State in which, under a State law in 
        effect continuously on and after the date of the enactment of 
        this section, there is no voter registration requirement for 
        individuals in the State with respect to elections for Federal 
        office.
    ``(b) Eligible Individual.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`eligible individual' means, with respect to any election for Federal 
office, an individual who is otherwise qualified to vote in that 
election.
    ``(c) Effective Date.--Each State shall be required to comply with 
the requirements of subsection (a) for the regularly scheduled general 
election for Federal office occurring in November 2020 and for any 
subsequent election for Federal office.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Enforcement.--Section 401 of 
such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended by striking ``sections 301, 302, 
and 303'' and inserting ``subtitle A of title III''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 304 and 
        305 as relating to sections 305 and 306; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 303 the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 304. Same day registration.''.

SEC. 8122. ACCEPTANCE OF VOTER REGISTRATION APPLICATIONS FROM 
              INDIVIDUALS UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE.

    (a) Acceptance of Applications.--Section 8 of the National Voter 
Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507), as amended by section 8104, 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (k) as subsection (l); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (j) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(k) Acceptance of Applications From Individuals Under 18 Years of 
Age.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State may not refuse to accept or 
        process an individual's application to register to vote in 
        elections for Federal office on the grounds that the individual 
        is under 18 years of age at the time the individual submits the 
        application, so long as the individual is at least 16 years of 
        age at such time.
            ``(2) No effect on state voting age requirements.--Nothing 
        in paragraph (1) may be construed to require a State to permit 
        an individual who is under 18 years of age at the time of an 
        election for Federal office to vote in the election.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to elections occurring on or after January 1, 2020.

SEC. 8123. ANNUAL REPORTS ON VOTER REGISTRATION STATISTICS.

    (a) Annual Report.--Not later than 90 days after the end of each 
year, each State shall submit to the Election Assistance Commission and 
Congress a report containing the following categories of information 
for the year:
            (1) The number of individuals who were registered under 
        section 8111.
            (2) The number of voter registration application forms 
        completed by individuals that were transmitted by motor vehicle 
        authorities in the State (pursuant to section 5(d) of the 
        National Voter Registration Act of 1993) and voter registration 
        agencies in the State (as designated under section 7 of such 
        Act) to the chief State election official of the State, broken 
        down by each such authority and agency.
            (3) The number of such individuals whose voter registration 
        application forms were accepted and who were registered to vote 
        in the State and the number of such individuals whose forms 
        were rejected and who were not registered to vote in the State, 
        broken down by each such authority and agency.
            (4) The number of change of address forms and other forms 
        of information indicating that an individual's identifying 
        information has been changed that were transmitted by such 
        motor vehicle authorities and voter registration agencies to 
        the chief State election official of the State, broken down by 
        each such authority and agency and the type of form 
        transmitted.
            (5) The number of individuals on the Statewide computerized 
        voter registration list (as established and maintained under 
        section 303 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002) whose voter 
        registration information was revised by the chief State 
        election official as a result of the forms transmitted to the 
        official by such motor vehicle authorities and voter 
        registration agencies (as described in paragraph (3)), broken 
        down by each such authority and agency and the type of form 
        transmitted.
            (6) The number of individuals who requested the chief State 
        election official to revise voter registration information on 
        such list, and the number of individuals whose information was 
        revised as a result of such a request.
    (b) Breakdown of Information by Race of Individuals.--In preparing 
the report under this section, the State shall, for each category of 
information described in subsection (a), include a breakdown by race of 
the individuals whose information is included in the category, to the 
extent that information on the race of such individuals is available to 
the State.
    (c) Confidentiality of Information.--In preparing and submitting a 
report under this section, the chief State election official shall 
ensure that no information regarding the identification of any 
individual is revealed.
    (d) State Defined.--In this section, a ``State'' includes the 
District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United 
States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of 
the Northern Mariana Islands, but does not include any State in which, 
under a State law in effect continuously on and after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, there is no voter registration requirement for 
individuals in the State with respect to elections for Federal office.

           PART 4--AVAILABILITY OF HAVA REQUIREMENTS PAYMENTS

SEC. 8131. AVAILABILITY OF REQUIREMENTS PAYMENTS UNDER HAVA TO COVER 
              COSTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH NEW REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 251(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 
2002 (52 U.S.C. 21001(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(2) and (3)'' and 
        inserting ``(2), (3), and (4)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(4) Certain voter registration activities.--A State may 
        use a requirements payment to carry out any of the requirements 
        of the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 2018, including 
        the requirements of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 
        which are imposed pursuant to the amendments made to such Act 
        by the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 2018.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 254(a)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21004(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``section 251(a)(2)'' and inserting 
``section 251(b)(2)''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to fiscal year 2020 and each succeeding fiscal year.

        PART 5--PROHIBITING INTERFERENCE WITH VOTER REGISTRATION

SEC. 8141. PROHIBITING HINDERING, INTERFERING WITH, OR PREVENTING VOTER 
              REGISTRATION.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section:
``Sec. 612. Hindering, interfering with, or preventing registering to 
              vote
    ``(a) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for any person, whether 
acting under color of law or otherwise, to corruptly hinder, interfere 
with, or prevent another person from registering to vote or aiding 
another person in registering to vote in any election for Federal 
office.
    ``(b) Attempt.--Any person who attempts to commit any offense 
described in subsection (a) shall be subject to the same penalties as 
those prescribed for the offense that the person attempted to commit.
    ``(c) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall be 
fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.
    ``(d) Election for Federal Office Defined.--For purposes of this 
section, the term `election for Federal office' means a general, 
special, primary, or runoff election held to nominate or elect a 
candidate for the office of President or Vice President, presidential 
elector, or of Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident 
Commissioner to, the Congress.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 29 of 
title 18, United States Code is amended by adding at the end the 
following new item:

``612. Hindering, interfering with, or preventing registering to 
                            vote.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to elections held on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, except that no person may be found to have 
violated section 612 of title 18, United States Code (as added by 
subsection (a)), on the basis of any act occurring prior to the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 8142. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEST PRACTICES.

    (a) Best Practices.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Election Assistance Commission shall develop 
and publish recommendations for best practices for States to use to 
deter and prevent violations of section 612 of title 18, United States 
Code (as added by section 8141), and section 12 of the National Voter 
Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20511) (relating to the unlawful 
interference with registering to vote, or voting, or attempting to 
register to vote or vote), including practices to provide for the 
posting of relevant information at polling places and voter 
registration agencies under such Act, the training of poll workers and 
election officials, and relevant educational materials. For purposes of 
this subsection, the term ``State'' includes the District of Columbia, 
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United 
States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
Islands.
    (b) Inclusion in Voter Information Requirements.--Section 302(b)(2) 
of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21082(b)(2)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (E);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (F) 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(G) information relating to the prohibitions of 
                section 612 of title 18, United States Code, and 
                section 12 of the National Voter Registration Act of 
                1993 (52 U.S.C. 20511) (relating to the unlawful 
                interference with registering to vote, or voting, or 
                attempting to register to vote or vote), including 
                information on how individuals may report allegations 
                of violations of such prohibitions.''.

     Subtitle C--Access to Voting for Individuals With Disabilities

SEC. 8201. REQUIREMENTS FOR STATES TO PROMOTE ACCESS TO VOTER 
              REGISTRATION AND VOTING FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH 
              DISABILITIES.

    (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 8121, is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 305 and 306 as sections 306 
        and 307; and
            (2) by inserting after section 304 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 305. ACCESS TO VOTER REGISTRATION AND VOTING FOR INDIVIDUALS 
              WITH DISABILITIES.

    ``(a) Treatment of Applications and Ballots.--Each State shall--
            ``(1) permit individuals with disabilities to use absentee 
        registration procedures and to vote by absentee ballot in 
        elections for Federal office;
            ``(2) accept and process, with respect to any election for 
        Federal office, any otherwise valid voter registration 
        application and absentee ballot application from an individual 
        with a disability if the application is received by the 
        appropriate State election official not less than 30 days 
        before the election;
            ``(3) in addition to any other method of registering to 
        vote or applying for an absentee ballot in the State, establish 
        procedures--
                    ``(A) for individuals with disabilities to request 
                by mail and electronically voter registration 
                applications and absentee ballot applications with 
                respect to elections for Federal office in accordance 
                with subsection (c);
                    ``(B) for States to send by mail and electronically 
                (in accordance with the preferred method of 
                transmission designated by the individual under 
                subparagraph (C)) voter registration applications and 
                absentee ballot applications requested under 
                subparagraph (A) in accordance with subsection (c); and
                    ``(C) by which such an individual can designate 
                whether the individual prefers that such voter 
                registration application or absentee ballot application 
                be transmitted by mail or electronically;
            ``(4) in addition to any other method of transmitting blank 
        absentee ballots in the State, establish procedures for 
        transmitting by mail and electronically blank absentee ballots 
        to individuals with disabilities with respect to elections for 
        Federal office in accordance with subsection (d);
            ``(5) transmit a validly requested absentee ballot to an 
        individual with a disability--
                    ``(A) except as provided in subsection (e), in the 
                case in which the request is received at least 45 days 
                before an election for Federal office, not later than 
                45 days before the election; and
                    ``(B) in the case in which the request is received 
                less than 45 days before an election for Federal 
                office--
                            ``(i) in accordance with State law; and
                            ``(ii) if practicable and as determined 
                        appropriate by the State, in a manner that 
                        expedites the transmission of such absentee 
                        ballot; and
            ``(6) if the State declares or otherwise holds a runoff 
        election for Federal office, establish a written plan that 
        provides absentee ballots are made available to individuals 
        with disabilities in a manner that gives them sufficient time 
        to vote in the runoff election.
    ``(b) Designation of Single State Office To Provide Information on 
Registration and Absentee Ballot Procedures for All Disabled Voters in 
State.--Each State shall designate a single office which shall be 
responsible for providing information regarding voter registration 
procedures and absentee ballot procedures to be used by individuals 
with disabilities with respect to elections for Federal office to all 
individuals with disabilities who wish to register to vote or vote in 
any jurisdiction in the State.
    ``(c) Designation of Means of Electronic Communication for 
Individuals With Disabilities To Request and for States To Send Voter 
Registration Applications and Absentee Ballot Applications, and for 
Other Purposes Related to Voting Information.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each State shall, in addition to the 
        designation of a single State office under subsection (b), 
        designate not less than 1 means of electronic communication--
                    ``(A) for use by individuals with disabilities who 
                wish to register to vote or vote in any jurisdiction in 
                the State to request voter registration applications 
                and absentee ballot applications under subsection 
                (a)(3);
                    ``(B) for use by States to send voter registration 
                applications and absentee ballot applications requested 
                under such subsection; and
                    ``(C) for the purpose of providing related voting, 
                balloting, and election information to individuals with 
                disabilities.
            ``(2) Clarification regarding provision of multiple means 
        of electronic communication.--A State may, in addition to the 
        means of electronic communication so designated, provide 
        multiple means of electronic communication to individuals with 
        disabilities, including a means of electronic communication for 
        the appropriate jurisdiction of the State.
            ``(3) Inclusion of designated means of electronic 
        communication with informational and instructional materials 
        that accompany balloting materials.--Each State shall include a 
        means of electronic communication so designated with all 
        informational and instructional materials that accompany 
        balloting materials sent by the State to individuals with 
        disabilities.
            ``(4) Transmission if no preference indicated.--In the case 
        where an individual with a disability does not designate a 
        preference under subsection (a)(3)(C), the State shall transmit 
        the voter registration application or absentee ballot 
        application by any delivery method allowable in accordance with 
        applicable State law, or if there is no applicable State law, 
        by mail.
    ``(d) Transmission of Blank Absentee Ballots by Mail and 
Electronically.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each State shall establish procedures--
                    ``(A) to transmit blank absentee ballots by mail 
                and electronically (in accordance with the preferred 
                method of transmission designated by the individual 
                with a disability under subparagraph (B)) to 
                individuals with disabilities for an election for 
                Federal office; and
                    ``(B) by which the individual with a disability can 
                designate whether the individual prefers that such 
                blank absentee ballot be transmitted by mail or 
                electronically.
            ``(2) Transmission if no preference indicated.--In the case 
        where an individual with a disability does not designate a 
        preference under paragraph (1)(B), the State shall transmit the 
        ballot by any delivery method allowable in accordance with 
        applicable State law, or if there is no applicable State law, 
        by mail.
    ``(e) Hardship Exemption.--
            ``(1) In general.--If the chief State election official 
        determines that the State is unable to meet the requirement 
        under subsection (a)(5)(A) with respect to an election for 
        Federal office due to an undue hardship described in paragraph 
        (2)(B), the chief State election official shall request that 
        the Attorney General grant a waiver to the State of the 
        application of such subsection. Such request shall include--
                    ``(A) a recognition that the purpose of such 
                subsection is to individuals with disabilities enough 
                time to vote in an election for Federal office;
                    ``(B) an explanation of the hardship that indicates 
                why the State is unable to transmit such individuals an 
                absentee ballot in accordance with such subsection;
                    ``(C) the number of days prior to the election for 
                Federal office that the State requires absentee ballots 
                be transmitted to such individuals; and
                    ``(D) a comprehensive plan to ensure that such 
                individuals are able to receive absentee ballots which 
                they have requested and submit marked absentee ballots 
                to the appropriate State election official in time to 
                have that ballot counted in the election for Federal 
                office, which includes--
                            ``(i) the steps the State will undertake to 
                        ensure that such individuals have time to 
                        receive, mark, and submit their ballots in time 
                        to have those ballots counted in the election;
                            ``(ii) why the plan provides such 
                        individuals sufficient time to vote as a 
                        substitute for the requirements under such 
                        subsection; and
                            ``(iii) the underlying factual information 
                        which explains how the plan provides such 
                        sufficient time to vote as a substitute for 
                        such requirements.
            ``(2) Approval of waiver request.--The Attorney General 
        shall approve a waiver request under paragraph (1) if the 
        Attorney General determines each of the following requirements 
        are met:
                    ``(A) The comprehensive plan under subparagraph (D) 
                of such paragraph provides individuals with 
                disabilities sufficient time to receive absentee 
                ballots they have requested and submit marked absentee 
                ballots to the appropriate State election official in 
                time to have that ballot counted in the election for 
                Federal office.
                    ``(B) One or more of the following issues creates 
                an undue hardship for the State:
                            ``(i) The State's primary election date 
                        prohibits the State from complying with 
                        subsection (a)(5)(A).
                            ``(ii) The State has suffered a delay in 
                        generating ballots due to a legal contest.
                            ``(iii) The State Constitution prohibits 
                        the State from complying with such subsection.
            ``(3) Timing of waiver.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided under 
                subparagraph (B), a State that requests a waiver under 
                paragraph (1) shall submit to the Attorney General the 
                written waiver request not later than 90 days before 
                the election for Federal office with respect to which 
                the request is submitted. The Attorney General shall 
                approve or deny the waiver request not later than 65 
                days before such election.
                    ``(B) Exception.--If a State requests a waiver 
                under paragraph (1) as the result of an undue hardship 
                described in paragraph (2)(B)(ii), the State shall 
                submit to the Attorney General the written waiver 
                request as soon as practicable. The Attorney General 
                shall approve or deny the waiver request not later than 
                5 business days after the date on which the request is 
                received.
            ``(4) Application of waiver.--A waiver approved under 
        paragraph (2) shall only apply with respect to the election for 
        Federal office for which the request was submitted. For each 
        subsequent election for Federal office, the Attorney General 
        shall only approve a waiver if the State has submitted a 
        request under paragraph (1) with respect to such election.
    ``(f) Individual With a Disability Defined.--In this section, an 
`individual with a disability' means an individual with an impairment 
that substantially limits any major life activities and who is 
otherwise qualified to vote in elections for Federal office.
    ``(g) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to 
elections for Federal office held on or after January 1, 2020.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Issuance of Voluntary Guidance 
by Election Assistance Commission.--Section 311(b) of such Act (52 
U.S.C. 21101(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (2);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (3) and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(4) in the case of the recommendations with respect to 
        section 305, January 1, 2020.''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as 
amended by section 8121(c), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 305 and 
        306 as relating to sections 306 and 307; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 304 the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 305. Access to voter registration and voting for individuals 
                            with disabilities.''.

SEC. 8202. PILOT PROGRAMS FOR ENABLING INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES TO 
              REGISTER TO VOTE AND VOTE PRIVATELY AND INDEPENDENTLY AT 
              RESIDENCES.

    (a) Establishment of Pilot Programs.--The Election Assistance 
Commission (hereafter referred to as the ``Commission'') shall make 
grants to eligible States to conduct pilot programs under which--
            (1) individuals with disabilities may use electronic means 
        (including the Internet and telephones utilizing assistive 
        devices) to register to vote and to request and receive 
        absentee ballots, in a manner which permits such individuals to 
        do so privately and independently at their own residences; and
            (2) individuals with disabilities may use the telephone to 
        cast ballots electronically from their own residences, but only 
        if the telephone used is not connected to the Internet.
    (b) Reports.--
            (1) In general.--A State receiving a grant for a year under 
        this section shall submit a report to the Commission on the 
        pilot programs the State carried out with the grant with 
        respect to elections for public office held in the State during 
        the year.
            (2) Deadline.--A State shall submit a report under 
        paragraph (1) not later than 90 days after the last election 
        for public office held in the State during the year.
    (c) Eligibility.--A State is eligible to receive a grant under this 
section if the State submits to the Commission, at such time and in 
such form as the Commission may require, an application containing such 
information and assurances as the Commission may require.
    (d) Timing.--The Commission shall make the first grants under this 
section for pilot programs which will be in effect with respect to 
elections for Federal office held in 2020, or, at the option of a 
State, with respect to other elections for public office held in the 
State in 2020.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for grants for pilot programs under this section 
$30,000,000 for fiscal year 2018 and each succeeding fiscal year.
    (f) State Defined.--In this section, the term ``State'' includes 
the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, 
American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth 
of the Northern Mariana Islands.

SEC. 8203. EXPANSION AND REAUTHORIZATION OF GRANT PROGRAM TO ASSURE 
              VOTING ACCESS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES.

    (a) Purposes of Payments.--Section 261(b) of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21021(b)) is amended by striking paragraphs (1) 
and (2) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) making absentee voting and voting at home accessible 
        to individuals with the full range of disabilities (including 
        impairments involving vision, hearing, mobility, or dexterity) 
        through the implementation of accessible absentee voting 
        systems that work in conjunction with assistive technologies 
        for which individuals have access at their homes, independent 
        living centers, or other facilities;
            ``(2) making polling places, including the path of travel, 
        entrances, exits, and voting areas of each polling facility, 
        accessible to individuals with disabilities, including the 
        blind and visually impaired, in a manner that provides the same 
        opportunity for access and participation (including privacy and 
        independence) as for other voters; and
            ``(3) providing solutions to problems of access to voting 
        and elections for individuals with disabilities that are 
        universally designed and provide the same opportunities for 
        individuals with and without disabilities.''.
    (b) Reauthorization.--Section 264(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21024(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(4) For fiscal year 2020 and each succeeding fiscal year, 
        such sums as may be necessary to carry out this part.''.
    (c) Period of Availability of Funds.--Section 264 of such Act (52 
U.S.C. 21024) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``Any amounts'' and 
        inserting ``Except as provided in subsection (b), any 
        amounts''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(c) Return and Transfer of Certain Funds.--
            ``(1) Deadline for obligation and expenditure.--In the case 
        of any amounts appropriated pursuant to the authority of 
        subsection (a) for a payment to a State or unit of local 
        government for fiscal year 2020 or any succeeding fiscal year, 
        any portion of such amounts which have not been obligated or 
        expended by the State or unit of local government prior to the 
        expiration of the 4-year period which begins on the date the 
        State or unit of local government first received the amounts 
        shall be transferred to the Commission.
            ``(2) Reallocation of transferred amounts.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Commission shall use the 
                amounts transferred under paragraph (1) to make 
                payments on a pro rata basis to each covered payment 
                recipient described in subparagraph (B), which may 
                obligate and expend such payment for the purposes 
                described in section 261(b) during the 1-year period 
                which begins on the date of receipt.
                    ``(B) Covered payment recipients described.--In 
                subparagraph (A), a `covered payment recipient' is a 
                State or unit of local government with respect to 
                which--
                            ``(i) amounts were appropriated pursuant to 
                        the authority of subsection (a); and
                            ``(ii) no amounts were transferred to the 
                        Commission under paragraph (1).''.

                  Subtitle D--Prohibiting Voter Caging

SEC. 8301. VOTER CAGING AND OTHER QUESTIONABLE CHALLENGES PROHIBITED.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code, as 
amended by section 8141(a), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 613. Voter caging and other questionable challenges
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `voter caging document' means--
                    ``(A) a nonforwardable document that is returned to 
                the sender or a third party as undelivered or 
                undeliverable despite an attempt to deliver such 
                document to the address of a registered voter or 
                applicant; or
                    ``(B) any document with instructions to an 
                addressee that the document be returned to the sender 
                or a third party but is not so returned, despite an 
                attempt to deliver such document to the address of a 
                registered voter or applicant, unless at least two 
                Federal election cycles have passed since the date of 
                the attempted delivery;
            ``(2) the term `voter caging list' means a list of 
        individuals compiled from voter caging documents; and
            ``(3) the term `unverified match list' means a list 
        produced by matching the information of registered voters or 
        applicants for voter registration to a list of individuals who 
        are ineligible to vote in the registrar's jurisdiction, by 
        virtue of death, conviction, change of address, or otherwise; 
        unless one of the pieces of information matched includes a 
        signature, photograph, or unique identifying number ensuring 
        that the information from each source refers to the same 
        individual.
    ``(b) Prohibition Against Voter Caging.--No State or local election 
official shall prevent an individual from registering or voting in any 
election for Federal office, or permit in connection with any election 
for Federal office a formal challenge under State law to an 
individual's registration status or eligibility to vote, if the basis 
for such decision is evidence consisting of--
            ``(1) a voter caging document or voter caging list;
            ``(2) an unverified match list;
            ``(3) an error or omission on any record or paper relating 
        to any application, registration, or other act requisite to 
        voting, if such error or omission is not material to an 
        individual's eligibility to vote under section 2004 of the 
        Revised Statutes, as amended (52 U.S.C. 10101(a)(2)(B)); or
            ``(4) any other evidence so designated for purposes of this 
        section by the Election Assistance Commission,
except that the election official may use such evidence if it is 
corroborated by independent evidence of the individual's ineligibility 
to register or vote.
    ``(c) Requirements for Challenges by Persons Other Than Election 
Officials.--No person, other than a State or local election official, 
shall submit a formal challenge to an individual's eligibility to 
register to vote in an election for Federal office or to vote in an 
election for Federal office unless that challenge is supported by 
personal knowledge regarding the grounds for ineligibility which is--
            ``(1) documented in writing; and
            ``(2) subject to an oath or attestation under penalty of 
        perjury that the challenger has a good faith factual basis to 
        believe that the individual who is the subject of the challenge 
        is ineligible to register to vote or vote in that election, 
        except a challenge which is based on the race or national 
        origin of the individual who is the subject of the challenge 
        may not be considered to have a good faith factual basis for 
        purposes of this paragraph.
    ``(d) Penalties for Knowing Misconduct.--Whoever knowingly 
challenges the eligibility of one or more individuals to register or 
vote or knowingly causes the eligibility of such individuals to be 
challenged in violation of this section with the intent that one or 
more eligible voters be disqualified, shall be fined under this title 
or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, for each such violation. 
Each violation shall be a separate offense.
    ``(e) No Effect on Related Laws.--Nothing in this section is 
intended to override the protections of the National Voter Registration 
Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.) or to affect the Voting Rights 
Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.).''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 29 of 
title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 8141(b), is amended 
by adding at the end the following:

``613. Voter caging and other questionable challenges.''.

SEC. 8302. DEVELOPMENT AND ADOPTION OF BEST PRACTICES FOR PREVENTING 
              VOTER CAGING.

    (a) Best Practices.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Election Assistance Commission shall develop 
and publish for the use of States recommendations for best practices to 
deter and prevent violations of section 613 of title 18, United States 
Code, as added by section 8301(a), including practices to provide for 
the posting of relevant information at polling places and voter 
registration agencies, the training of poll workers and election 
officials, and relevant educational measures. For purposes of this 
subsection, the term ``State'' includes the District of Columbia, the 
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States 
Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
    (b) Inclusion in Voting Information Requirements.--Section 
302(b)(2) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21082(b)(2)), 
as amended by section 8142(b), is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (F);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (G) 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(H) information relating to the prohibition 
                against voter caging and other questionable challenges 
                (as set forth in section 613 of title 18, United States 
                Code), including information on how individuals may 
                report allegations of violations of such 
                prohibition.''.

SEC. 8303. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this subtitle or any amendment made by this 
subtitle, or the application of a provision to any person or 
circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this 
subtitle and the amendments made by this subtitle, and the application 
of the provisions to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected 
by the holding.

              Subtitle E--Prohibiting Deceptive Practices

SEC. 8401. PROHIBITION ON DECEPTIVE PRACTICES IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code, as 
amended by section 8141(a) and section 8301(a), is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
``Sec. 614. False election-related information in Federal elections
    ``(a) A person, including an election official, who in any election 
for Federal office knowingly and willfully deprives, defrauds, or 
attempts to deprive or defraud the residents of a State of their free 
and fair exercise of the right to vote by the communication of 
election-related information that is known by the person to be 
materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent shall be fined under this 
title or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both.
    ``(b) As used in this section--
            ``(1) the term `election for Federal office' means any 
        general, primary, runoff, or special election for the office of 
        President, Vice President, presidential elector, Member of the 
        Senate, Member of the House of Representatives, or Delegate or 
        Resident Commissioner to the Congress; and
            ``(2) the term `election-related information' means any 
        oral or written communication regarding--
                    ``(A) the time or place of an election for Federal 
                office;
                    ``(B) criminal penalties associated with voting in 
                such an election;
                    ``(C) an individual's voter registration status or 
                eligibility to vote in such an election; or
                    ``(D) the explicit endorsement by any person or 
                organization of a candidate in such an election.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 29 of 
title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 8141(b) and section 
8301(b), is amended by adding at the end the following new item:

``614. False election-related information in Federal elections.''.

SEC. 8402. MODIFICATION OF PENALTY FOR VOTER INTIMIDATION.

    Section 594 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``one year'' and inserting ``5 years''.

SEC. 8403. SENTENCING GUIDELINES.

    (a) Review and Amendment.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the United States Sentencing Commission, 
pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United States 
Code, and in accordance with this section, shall review and, if 
appropriate, amend the Federal sentencing guidelines and policy 
statements applicable to persons convicted of any offense under any 
sections of title 18, United States Code, that are added or modified by 
this Act.
    (b) Authorization.--The United States Sentencing Commission may, 
for the purposes of the amendments made pursuant to this subtitle, 
amend the Federal sentencing guidelines in accordance with the 
procedures set forth in section 21(a) of the Sentencing Act of 1987 (28 
U.S.C. 994 note) as though the authority under that section had not 
expired.

SEC. 8404. REPORTING VIOLATIONS; CORRECTIVE ACTION.

    (a) Reporting.--Any person may submit a report to the Attorney 
General regarding any violation or possible violation of section 594 or 
section 614 of title 18, United States Code (as added by section 
8401(a)).
    (b) Corrective Action.--
            (1) In general.--Immediately after receiving a report under 
        subsection (a), the Attorney General shall consider and review 
        the report, and if the Attorney General determines that there 
        is a reasonable basis to find that a violation included in the 
        report has occurred, the Attorney General shall--
                    (A) undertake all effective measures necessary to 
                provide correct information to voters affected by the 
                false information; and
                    (B) refer the matter to the appropriate Federal and 
                State authorities for criminal prosecution or civil 
                action after the election involved.
            (2) Regulations.--The Attorney General shall promulgate 
        regulations regarding the methods and means of corrective 
        actions to be taken under paragraph (1). Such regulations shall 
        be developed in consultation with the Election Assistance 
        Commission, civil rights organizations, voting rights groups, 
        State and local election officials, voter protection groups, 
        and other interested community organizations.
            (3) Study and report on methods of disseminating corrective 
        information.--
                    (A) In general.--The Attorney General, in 
                consultation with the Federal Communications Commission 
                and the Election Assistance Commission, shall conduct a 
                study on the feasibility of providing the corrective 
                information under paragraph (1) through public service 
                announcements, the emergency alert system, or other 
                forms of public broadcast.
                    (B) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
                of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General 
                shall submit to Congress a report detailing the results 
                of the study conducted under subparagraph (A).
            (4) Publicizing availability of remedies.--The Attorney 
        General shall make public through the Internet, radio, 
        television, and newspaper advertisements information on the 
        responsibilities, contact information, and complaint procedures 
        applicable under this section.
    (c) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after any election 
        with respect to which a report has been submitted under 
        subsection (a), the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a 
        report compiling all such reports submitted under subsection 
        (a) with respect to that election.
            (2) Contents.--
                    (A) In general.--Each report submitted under 
                paragraph (1) shall include--
                            (i) detailed information on specific 
                        allegations;
                            (ii) statistical compilations of how many 
                        allegations were made and of what type;
                            (iii) the geographic locations of and the 
                        populations affected by the alleged violations;
                            (iv) the status of the investigations of 
                        such allegations;
                            (v) any corrective actions taken in 
                        response to such allegations;
                            (vi) the rationale used for any corrective 
                        actions or for any refusal to pursue an 
                        allegation;
                            (vii) the effectiveness of any such 
                        corrective actions;
                            (viii) whether a Voting Integrity Task 
                        Force was established with respect to such 
                        election, and, if so, how such task force was 
                        staffed and funded;
                            (ix) any referrals of information to other 
                        Federal, State, or local agencies; and
                            (x) any criminal prosecution instituted 
                        under title 18, United States Code, in 
                        connection with such allegations.
            (3) Report made public.--On the date that the Attorney 
        General submits the report under paragraph (1), the Attorney 
        General shall also make the report publicly available through 
        the Internet and other appropriate means.
    (d) Delegation of Duties.--
            (1) Use of voting integrity task force.--The Attorney 
        General shall delegate the responsibilities under this section 
        with respect to a particular election to a Voting Integrity 
        Task Force established by the Attorney General for such 
        purpose.
            (2) Composition.--A Voting Integrity Task Force established 
        under paragraph (1) shall be under the direction of the 
        Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division and 
        the Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division, 
        acting jointly.

                   Subtitle F--Democracy Restoration

SEC. 8501. RIGHTS OF CITIZENS.

    The right of an individual who is a citizen of the United States to 
vote in any election for Federal office shall not be denied or abridged 
because that individual has been convicted of a criminal offense unless 
such individual is serving a felony sentence in a correctional 
institution or facility at the time of the election.

SEC. 8502. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Attorney General.--The Attorney General may, in a civil action, 
obtain such declaratory or injunctive relief as is necessary to remedy 
a violation of this subtitle.
    (b) Private Right of Action.--
            (1) A person who is aggrieved by a violation of this 
        subtitle may provide written notice of the violation to the 
        chief election official of the State involved.
            (2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), if the violation 
        is not corrected within 90 days after receipt of a notice under 
        paragraph (1), or within 20 days after receipt of the notice if 
        the violation occurred within 120 days before the date of an 
        election for Federal office, the aggrieved person may, in a 
        civil action, obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with 
        respect to the violation.
            (3) If the violation occurred within 30 days before the 
        date of an election for Federal office, the aggrieved person 
        need not provide notice to the chief election official of the 
        State under paragraph (1) before bringing a civil action to 
        obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to the 
        violation.

SEC. 8503. NOTIFICATION OF RESTORATION OF VOTING RIGHTS.

    (a) State Notification.--
            (1) Notification.--On the date determined under paragraph 
        (2), each State shall notify in writing any individual who has 
        been convicted of a criminal offense under the law of that 
        State that such individual has the right to vote in an election 
        for Federal office pursuant to this subtitle and may register 
        to vote in any such election.
            (2) Date of notification.--
                    (A) Felony conviction.--In the case of such an 
                individual who has been convicted of a felony, the 
                notification required under paragraph (1) shall be 
                given on the date on which the individual--
                            (i) is sentenced to serve only a term of 
                        probation; or
                            (ii) is released from the custody of that 
                        State (other than to the custody of another 
                        State or the Federal Government to serve a term 
                        of imprisonment for a felony conviction).
                    (B) Misdemeanor conviction.--In the case of such an 
                individual who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, the 
                notification required under paragraph (1) shall be 
                given on the date on which such individual is sentenced 
                by a State court.
    (b) Federal Notification.--
            (1) Notification.--On the date determined under paragraph 
        (2), the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall notify in 
        writing any individual who has been convicted of a criminal 
        offense under Federal law that such individual has the right to 
        vote in an election for Federal office pursuant to this 
        subtitle and may register to vote in any such election.
            (2) Date of notification.--
                    (A) Felony conviction.--In the case of such an 
                individual who has been convicted of a felony, the 
                notification required under paragraph (1) shall be 
                given on the date on which the individual--
                            (i) is sentenced to serve only a term of 
                        probation by a court established by an Act of 
                        Congress; or
                            (ii) is released from the custody of the 
                        Bureau of Prisons (other than to the custody of 
                        a State to serve a term of imprisonment for a 
                        felony conviction).
                    (B) Misdemeanor conviction.--In the case of such an 
                individual who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, the 
                notification required under paragraph (1) shall be 
                given on the date on which such individual is sentenced 
                by a State court.

SEC. 8504. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this subtitle:
            (1) Correctional institution or facility.--The term 
        ``correctional institution or facility'' means any prison, 
        penitentiary, jail, or other institution or facility for the 
        confinement of individuals convicted of criminal offenses, 
        whether publicly or privately operated, except that such term 
        does not include any residential community treatment center (or 
        similar public or private facility).
            (2) Election.--The term ``election'' means--
                    (A) a general, special, primary, or runoff 
                election;
                    (B) a convention or caucus of a political party 
                held to nominate a candidate;
                    (C) a primary election held for the selection of 
                delegates to a national nominating convention of a 
                political party; or
                    (D) a primary election held for the expression of a 
                preference for the nomination of persons for election 
                to the office of President.
            (3) Federal office.--The term ``Federal office'' means the 
        office of President or Vice President of the United States, or 
        of Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident 
        Commissioner to, the Congress of the United States.
            (4) Probation.--The term ``probation'' means probation, 
        imposed by a Federal, State, or local court, with or without a 
        condition on the individual involved concerning--
                    (A) the individual's freedom of movement;
                    (B) the payment of damages by the individual;
                    (C) periodic reporting by the individual to an 
                officer of the court; or
                    (D) supervision of the individual by an officer of 
                the court.

SEC. 8505. RELATION TO OTHER LAWS.

    (a) State Laws Relating to Voting Rights.--Nothing in this subtitle 
shall be construed to prohibit the States from enacting any State law 
which affords the right to vote in any election for Federal office on 
terms less restrictive than those established by this subtitle.
    (b) Certain Federal Acts.--The rights and remedies established by 
this subtitle are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided 
by law, and neither rights and remedies established by this subtitle 
shall supersede, restrict, or limit the application of the Voting 
Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.) or the National Voter 
Registration Act (52 U.S.C. 20501).

SEC. 8506. FEDERAL PRISON FUNDS.

    No State, unit of local government, or other person may receive or 
use, to construct or otherwise improve a prison, jail, or other place 
of incarceration, any Federal grant amounts unless that person has in 
effect a program under which each individual incarcerated in that 
person's jurisdiction who is a citizen of the United States is 
notified, upon release from such incarceration, of that individual's 
rights under section 8501.

SEC. 8507. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This subtitle shall apply to citizens of the United States voting 
in any election for Federal office held after the date of the enactment 
of this Act.

       Subtitle G--Accuracy, Integrity, and Security of Elections

SEC. 8600. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Voter Confidence and Increased 
Accessibility Act of 2018''.

   PART 1--PROMOTING ACCURACY, INTEGRITY, AND SECURITY THROUGH VOTER-
                    VERIFIED PERMANENT PAPER BALLOT

SEC. 8601. MORATORIUM ON ACQUISITION OF CERTAIN DIRECT RECORDING 
              ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEMS AND CERTAIN OTHER VOTING 
              SYSTEMS.

    Section 301 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081) 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (d) and (e); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(c) Moratorium on Acquisition of Certain Direct Recording 
Electronic Voting Systems and Certain Other Voting Systems.--Beginning 
on the date of the enactment of the Voter Confidence and Increased 
Accessibility Act of 2018, no State or jurisdiction may purchase or 
otherwise acquire for use in an election for Federal office a direct 
recording electronic voting system or other electronic voting system 
that does not produce a voter-verified paper record as required by 
section 301(a)(2) (as amended by such Act).''.

SEC. 8602. PAPER BALLOT AND MANUAL COUNTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 301(a)(2) of the Help America Vote Act of 
2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(a)(2)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(2) Paper ballot requirement.--
                    ``(A) Voter-verified paper ballots.--
                            ``(i) Paper ballot requirement.--(I) The 
                        voting system shall require the use of an 
                        individual, durable, voter-verified, paper 
                        ballot of the voter's vote that shall be marked 
                        and made available for inspection and 
                        verification by the voter before the voter's 
                        vote is cast and counted, and which shall be 
                        counted by hand or read by an optical character 
                        recognition device or other counting device. 
                        For purposes of this subclause, the term 
                        `individual, durable, voter-verified, paper 
                        ballot' means a paper ballot marked by the 
                        voter by hand or a paper ballot marked through 
                        the use of a nontabulating ballot marking 
                        device or system, so long as the voter shall 
                        have the option to mark his or her ballot by 
                        hand.
                            ``(II) The voting system shall provide the 
                        voter with an opportunity to correct any error 
                        on the paper ballot before the permanent voter-
                        verified paper ballot is preserved in 
                        accordance with clause (ii).
                            ``(III) The voting system shall not 
                        preserve the voter-verified paper ballots in 
                        any manner that makes it possible, at any time 
                        after the ballot has been cast, to associate a 
                        voter with the record of the voter's vote 
                        without the voter's consent.
                            ``(ii) Preservation as official record.--
                        The individual, durable, voter-verified, paper 
                        ballot used in accordance with clause (i) shall 
                        constitute the official ballot and shall be 
                        preserved and used as the official ballot for 
                        purposes of any recount or audit conducted with 
                        respect to any election for Federal office in 
                        which the voting system is used.
                            ``(iii) Manual counting requirements for 
                        recounts and audits.--(I) Each paper ballot 
                        used pursuant to clause (i) shall be suitable 
                        for a manual audit, and shall be counted by 
                        hand in any recount or audit conducted with 
                        respect to any election for Federal office.
                            ``(II) In the event of any inconsistencies 
                        or irregularities between any electronic vote 
                        tallies and the vote tallies determined by 
                        counting by hand the individual, durable, 
                        voter-verified, paper ballots used pursuant to 
                        clause (i), and subject to subparagraph (B), 
                        the individual, durable, voter-verified, paper 
                        ballots shall be the true and correct record of 
                        the votes cast.
                            ``(iv) Application to all ballots.--The 
                        requirements of this subparagraph shall apply 
                        to all ballots cast in elections for Federal 
                        office, including ballots cast by absent 
                        uniformed services voters and overseas voters 
                        under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens 
                        Absentee Voting Act and other absentee voters.
                    ``(B) Special rule for treatment of disputes when 
                paper ballots have been shown to be compromised.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the event that--
                                    ``(I) there is any inconsistency 
                                between any electronic vote tallies and 
                                the vote tallies determined by counting 
                                by hand the individual, durable, voter-
                                verified, paper ballots used pursuant 
                                to subparagraph (A)(i) with respect to 
                                any election for Federal office; and
                                    ``(II) it is demonstrated by clear 
                                and convincing evidence (as determined 
                                in accordance with the applicable 
                                standards in the jurisdiction involved) 
                                in any recount, audit, or contest of 
                                the result of the election that the 
                                paper ballots have been compromised (by 
                                damage or mischief or otherwise) and 
                                that a sufficient number of the ballots 
                                have been so compromised that the 
                                result of the election could be 
                                changed,
                        the determination of the appropriate remedy 
                        with respect to the election shall be made in 
                        accordance with applicable State law, except 
                        that the electronic tally shall not be used as 
                        the exclusive basis for determining the 
                        official certified result.
                            ``(ii) Rule for consideration of ballots 
                        associated with each voting machine.--For 
                        purposes of clause (i), only the paper ballots 
                        deemed compromised, if any, shall be considered 
                        in the calculation of whether or not the result 
                        of the election could be changed due to the 
                        compromised paper ballots.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Clarifying Applicability of Alternative 
Language Accessibility.--Section 301(a)(4) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21081(a)(4)) is amended by inserting ``(including the paper ballots 
required to be used under paragraph (2))'' after ``voting system''.
    (c) Other Conforming Amendments.--Section 301(a)(1) of such Act (52 
U.S.C. 21081(a)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ``counted'' and 
        inserting ``counted, in accordance with paragraphs (2) and 
        (3)'';
            (2) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``counted'' and 
        inserting ``counted, in accordance with paragraphs (2) and 
        (3)'';
            (3) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by striking ``counted'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``counted, in accordance with 
        paragraphs (2) and (3)''; and
            (4) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking ``counted'' and 
        inserting ``counted, in accordance with paragraphs (2) and 
        (3)''.

SEC. 8603. ACCESSIBILITY AND BALLOT VERIFICATION FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH 
              DISABILITIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 301(a)(3)(B) of the Help America Vote Act 
of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(a)(3)(B)) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(B)(i) satisfy the requirement of subparagraph 
                (A) through the use of at least one voting system 
                equipped for individuals with disabilities, including 
                nonvisual and enhanced visual accessibility for the 
                blind and visually impaired, and nonmanual and enhanced 
                manual accessibility for the mobility and dexterity 
                impaired, at each polling place; and
                    ``(ii) meet the requirements of subparagraph (A) 
                and paragraph (2)(A) by using a system that--
                            ``(I) allows the voter to privately and 
                        independently verify the permanent paper ballot 
                        through the presentation, in accessible form, 
                        of the printed or marked vote selections from 
                        the same printed or marked information that 
                        would be used for any vote counting or 
                        auditing; and
                            ``(II) allows the voter to privately and 
                        independently verify and cast the permanent 
                        paper ballot without requiring the voter to 
                        manually handle the paper ballot; and''.
    (b) Specific Requirement of Study, Testing, and Development of 
Accessible Paper Ballot Verification Mechanisms.--
            (1) Study and reporting.--Subtitle C of title II of such 
        Act (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating section 247 as section 248; 
                and
                    (B) by inserting after section 246 the following 
                new section:

``SEC. 247. STUDY AND REPORT ON ACCESSIBLE PAPER BALLOT VERIFICATION 
              MECHANISMS.

    ``(a) Study and Report.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall make grants to not fewer than 3 eligible entities to 
study, test, and develop accessible paper ballot voting, verification, 
and casting mechanisms and devices and best practices to enhance the 
accessibility of paper ballot voting and verification mechanisms for 
individuals with disabilities, for voters whose primary language is not 
English, and for voters with difficulties in literacy, including best 
practices for the mechanisms themselves and the processes through which 
the mechanisms are used.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--An entity is eligible to receive a grant under 
this part if it submits to the Director (at such time and in such form 
as the Director may require) an application containing--
            ``(1) certifications that the entity shall specifically 
        investigate enhanced methods or devices, including non-
        electronic devices, that will assist such individuals and 
        voters in marking voter-verified paper ballots and presenting 
        or transmitting the information printed or marked on such 
        ballots back to such individuals and voters, and casting such 
        ballots;
            ``(2) a certification that the entity shall complete the 
        activities carried out with the grant not later than December 
        31, 2018; and
            ``(3) such other information and certifications as the 
        Director may require.
    ``(c) Availability of Technology.--Any technology developed with 
the grants made under this section shall be treated as non-proprietary 
and shall be made available to the public, including to manufacturers 
of voting systems.
    ``(d) Coordination With Grants for Technology Improvements.--The 
Director shall carry out this section so that the activities carried 
out with the grants made under subsection (a) are coordinated with the 
research conducted under the grant program carried out by the 
Commission under section 271, to the extent that the Director and 
Commission determine necessary to provide for the advancement of 
accessible voting technology.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out subsection (a) $5,000,000, to remain 
available until expended.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents of such Act 
        is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating the item relating to section 
                247 as relating to section 248; and
                    (B) by inserting after the item relating to section 
                246 the following new item:

``Sec. 247. Study and report on accessible paper ballot verification 
                            mechanisms.''.
    (c) Clarification of Accessibility Standards Under Voluntary Voting 
System Guidance.--In adopting any voluntary guidance under subtitle B 
of title III of the Help America Vote Act with respect to the 
accessibility of the paper ballot verification requirements for 
individuals with disabilities, the Election Assistance Commission shall 
include and apply the same accessibility standards applicable under the 
voluntary guidance adopted for accessible voting systems under such 
subtitle.
    (d) Permitting Use of Funds for Protection and Advocacy Systems To 
Support Actions To Enforce Election-Related Disability Access.--Section 
292(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21062(a)) is 
amended by striking ``; except that'' and all that follows and 
inserting a period.

SEC. 8604. ADDITIONAL VOTING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Requirements Described.--Section 301(a) of the Help America 
Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(a)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new paragraphs:
            ``(7) Requiring availability of paper ballots in case of 
        emergency.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the event of a failure of 
                voting equipment or other circumstance at a polling 
                place in an election for Federal office that causes an 
                unreasonable delay, the appropriate election official 
                at the polling place shall--
                            ``(i) immediately advise any individual who 
                        is waiting at the polling place to cast a 
                        ballot in the election at the time of the 
                        failure that the individual has the right to 
                        use an emergency paper ballot; and
                            ``(ii) upon the individual's request, 
                        provide the individual with an emergency paper 
                        ballot for the election and the supplies 
                        necessary to mark the ballot.
                    ``(B) Treatment of ballots.--Any paper ballot which 
                is cast by an individual under this clause shall be 
                counted and otherwise treated as a regular ballot for 
                all purposes (including by incorporating it into the 
                final unofficial vote count (as defined by the State) 
                for the precinct) and not as a provisional ballot, 
                unless the individual casting the ballot would have 
                otherwise been required to cast a provisional ballot.
            ``(8) Prohibiting use of uncertified election-dedicated 
        voting system technologies; disclosure requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A voting system used in an 
                election for Federal office in a State may not at any 
                time during the election contain or use any election-
                dedicated voting system technology--
                            ``(i) which has not been certified by the 
                        State for use in the election; and
                            ``(ii) which has not been deposited with an 
                        accredited laboratory described in section 231 
                        to be held in escrow and disclosed in 
                        accordance with this section.
                    ``(B) Requirement for disclosure and limitation on 
                restricting disclosure.--An accredited laboratory under 
                section 231 with whom an election-dedicated voting 
                system technology has been deposited shall--
                            ``(i) hold the technology in escrow; and
                            ``(ii) disclose technology and information 
                        regarding the technology to another person if--
                                    ``(I) the person is a qualified 
                                person described in subparagraph (C) 
                                who has entered into a nondisclosure 
                                agreement with respect to the 
                                technology which meets the requirements 
                                of subparagraph (D); or
                                    ``(II) the laboratory is permitted 
                                or required to disclose the technology 
                                to the person under State law, in 
                                accordance with the terms and 
                                conditions applicable under such law.
                    ``(C) Qualified persons described.--With respect to 
                the disclosure of election-dedicated voting system 
                technology by a laboratory under subparagraph 
                (B)(ii)(I), a `qualified person' is any of the 
                following:
                            ``(i) A governmental entity with 
                        responsibility for the administration of voting 
                        and election-related matters for purposes of 
                        reviewing, analyzing, or reporting on the 
                        technology.
                            ``(ii) A party to pre- or postelection 
                        litigation challenging the result of an 
                        election or the administration or use of the 
                        technology used in an election, including but 
                        not limited to election contests or challenges 
                        to the certification of the technology, or an 
                        expert for a party to such litigation, for 
                        purposes of reviewing or analyzing the 
                        technology to support or oppose the litigation, 
                        and all parties to the litigation shall have 
                        access to the technology for such purposes.
                            ``(iii) A person not described in clause 
                        (i) or (ii) who reviews, analyzes, or reports 
                        on the technology solely for an academic, 
                        scientific, technological, or other 
                        investigation or inquiry concerning the 
                        accuracy or integrity of the technology.
                    ``(D) Requirements for nondisclosure agreements.--A 
                nondisclosure agreement entered into with respect to an 
                election-dedicated voting system technology meets the 
                requirements of this subparagraph if the agreement--
                            ``(i) is limited in scope to coverage of 
                        the technology disclosed under subparagraph (B) 
                        and any trade secrets and intellectual property 
                        rights related thereto;
                            ``(ii) does not prohibit a signatory from 
                        entering into other nondisclosure agreements to 
                        review other technologies under this paragraph;
                            ``(iii) exempts from coverage any 
                        information the signatory lawfully obtained 
                        from another source or any information in the 
                        public domain;
                            ``(iv) remains in effect for not longer 
                        than the life of any trade secret or other 
                        intellectual property right related thereto;
                            ``(v) prohibits the use of injunctions 
                        barring a signatory from carrying out any 
                        activity authorized under subparagraph (C), 
                        including injunctions limited to the period 
                        prior to a trial involving the technology;
                            ``(vi) is silent as to damages awarded for 
                        breach of the agreement, other than a reference 
                        to damages available under applicable law;
                            ``(vii) allows disclosure of evidence of 
                        crime, including in response to a subpoena or 
                        warrant;
                            ``(viii) allows the signatory to perform 
                        analyses on the technology (including by 
                        executing the technology), disclose reports and 
                        analyses that describe operational issues 
                        pertaining to the technology (including 
                        vulnerabilities to tampering, errors, risks 
                        associated with use, failures as a result of 
                        use, and other problems), and describe or 
                        explain why or how a voting system failed or 
                        otherwise did not perform as intended; and
                            ``(ix) provides that the agreement shall be 
                        governed by the trade secret laws of the 
                        applicable State.
                    ``(E) Election-dedicated voting system technology 
                defined.--For purposes of this paragraph:
                            ``(i) In general.--The term `election-
                        dedicated voting system technology' means the 
                        following:
                                    ``(I) The source code used for the 
                                trusted build and its file signatures.
                                    ``(II) A complete disk image of the 
                                prebuild, build environment, and any 
                                file signatures to validate that it is 
                                unmodified.
                                    ``(III) A complete disk image of 
                                the postbuild, build environment, and 
                                any file signatures to validate that it 
                                is unmodified.
                                    ``(IV) All executable code produced 
                                by the trusted build and any file 
                                signatures to validate that it is 
                                unmodified.
                                    ``(V) Installation devices and 
                                software file signatures.
                            ``(ii) Exclusion.--Such term does not 
                        include `commercial-off-the-shelf' software and 
                        hardware defined under the 2015 voluntary 
                        voting system guidelines adopted by the 
                        Commission under section 222.
            ``(9) Prohibition of use of wireless communications devices 
        in systems or devices.--No system or device upon which ballots 
        are marked or votes are cast or tabulated shall contain, use, 
        or be accessible by any wireless, powerline, or concealed 
        communication device, except that enclosed infrared 
        communications devices which are certified for use in such 
        device by the State and which cannot be used for any remote or 
        wide area communications or used without the knowledge of poll 
        workers shall be permitted.
            ``(10) Prohibiting connection of system to the internet.--
                    ``(A) In general.--No system or device upon which 
                ballots are programmed or votes are cast or tabulated 
                shall be connected to the Internet at any time.
                    ``(B) Prohibiting acceptance of ballots transmitted 
                online.--The voting system may not accept any voted 
                ballot which is transmitted to an election official 
                online.
                    ``(C) Rule of construction.--Nothing contained in 
                this paragraph shall be deemed to prohibit the 
                Commission from conducting the studies under section 
                242 or to conduct other similar studies under any other 
                provision of law in a manner consistent with this 
                paragraph.
            ``(11) Security standards for voting systems used in 
        federal elections.--
                    ``(A) In general.--No voting system may be used in 
                an election for Federal office unless the manufacturer 
                of such system and the election officials using such 
                system meet the applicable requirements described in 
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Requirements described.--The requirements 
                described in this subparagraph are as follows:
                            ``(i) The manufacturer and the election 
                        officials shall document the secure chain of 
                        custody for the handling of all software, 
                        hardware, vote storage media, blank ballots, 
                        and completed ballots used in connection with 
                        voting systems, and shall make the information 
                        available upon request to the Commission.
                            ``(ii) The manufacturer shall disclose to 
                        an accredited laboratory under section 231 and 
                        to the appropriate election official any 
                        information required to be disclosed under 
                        paragraph (8).
                            ``(iii) After the appropriate election 
                        official has certified the election-dedicated 
                        and other voting system software for use in an 
                        election, the manufacturer may not--
                                    ``(I) alter such software; or
                                    ``(II) insert or use in the voting 
                                system any software, software patch, or 
                                other software modification not 
                                certified by the State for use in the 
                                election.
                            ``(iv) At the request of the Commission--
                                    ``(I) the appropriate election 
                                official shall submit information to 
                                the Commission regarding the State's 
                                compliance with this subparagraph; and
                                    ``(II) the manufacturer shall 
                                submit information to the Commission 
                                regarding the manufacturer's compliance 
                                with this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Development and publication of best practices 
                of secure chain of custody.--Not later than August 1, 
                2019, the Commission shall develop and make publicly 
                available best practices regarding the requirement of 
                subparagraphs (B)(i) and (B)(iii), and in the case of 
                subparagraph (B)(iii), shall include best practices for 
                certifying software patches and minor software 
                modifications under short deadlines.
                    ``(D) Disclosure of secure chain of custody.--The 
                Commission shall make information provided to the 
                Commission under subparagraph (B)(i) available to any 
                person upon request.
            ``(12) Durability and readability requirements for 
        ballots.--
                    ``(A) Durability requirements for paper ballots.--
                            ``(i) In general.--All voter-verified paper 
                        ballots required to be used under this Act 
                        shall be marked or printed on durable paper.
                            ``(ii) Definition.--For purposes of this 
                        Act, paper is `durable' if it is capable of 
                        withstanding multiple counts and recounts by 
                        hand without compromising the fundamental 
                        integrity of the ballots, and capable of 
                        retaining the information marked or printed on 
                        them for the full duration of a retention and 
                        preservation period of 22 months.
                    ``(B) Readability requirements for paper ballots 
                marked by ballot marking device.--All voter-verified 
                paper ballots completed by the voter through the use of 
                a ballot marking device shall be clearly readable by 
                the voter without assistance (other than eyeglasses or 
                other personal vision-enhancing devices) and by an 
                optical character recognition device or other device 
                equipped for individuals with disabilities.
            ``(13) Requirements for publication of poll tapes.--
                    ``(A) Requirements.--Each State shall meet the 
                following requirements:
                            ``(i) Upon the closing of the polls at each 
                        polling place, the appropriate election 
                        official, under the observation of the 
                        certified tabulation observers admitted to the 
                        polling place under subparagraph (E) (if any), 
                        shall announce the vote orally, post a copy of 
                        the poll tape reflecting the totals from each 
                        voting machine upon which votes were cast in 
                        the election at the polling place, and prepare 
                        and post a statement of the total number of 
                        individuals who appeared at the polling place 
                        to cast ballots, determined by reference to the 
                        number of signatures in a sign-in book or other 
                        similar independent count. Such officials shall 
                        ensure that each of the certified tabulation 
                        observers admitted to the polling place has 
                        full access to observe the process by which the 
                        poll tapes and statement are produced and a 
                        reasonable period of time to review the poll 
                        tapes and statement before the polling place is 
                        closed, and (if feasible) shall provide such 
                        observers with identical duplicate copies of 
                        the poll tapes and statement.
                            ``(ii) As soon as practicable, but in no 
                        event later than noon of the day following the 
                        date of the election, the appropriate election 
                        official shall display (at a prominent location 
                        accessible to the public during regular 
                        business hours and in or within reasonable 
                        proximity to the polling place) a copy of each 
                        poll tape and statement prepared under clause 
                        (i), and the information shall be displayed on 
                        the official public Web sites of the applicable 
                        local election official and chief State 
                        election official, together with the name of 
                        the designated voting official who entered the 
                        information and the date and time the 
                        information was entered.
                            ``(iii) Each Web site on which information 
                        is posted under clause (ii) shall include 
                        information on the procedures by which 
                        discrepancies shall be reported to election 
                        officials. If any discrepancy exists between 
                        the posted information and the relevant poll 
                        tape or statement, the appropriate election 
                        official shall display information on the 
                        discrepancy on the Web site on which the 
                        information is posted under clause (ii) not 
                        later than 24 hours after the official is made 
                        aware of the discrepancy, and shall maintain 
                        the information on the discrepancy and its 
                        resolution (if applicable) on such website 
                        during the entire period for which results of 
                        the election are typically maintained on such 
                        Web site.
                            ``(iv) The appropriate election official 
                        shall preserve archived copies of the poll 
                        tapes and statements prepared under clause (i) 
                        and reports of discrepancies filed by certified 
                        tabulation observers for the period of time 
                        during which records and papers are required to 
                        be retained and preserved pursuant to title III 
                        of the Civil Rights Act of 1960 (42 U.S.C. 1974 
                        et seq.) or for the same duration for which 
                        archived copies of other records of the 
                        election are required to be preserved under 
                        applicable State law, whichever is longer.
                    ``(B) Treatment of ballots cast at early voting 
                sites.--
                            ``(i) Application.--The requirements of 
                        this subparagraph shall apply with respect to 
                        poll tapes and statements of the number of 
                        voters who voted in person at designated sites 
                        prior to the date of the election.
                            ``(ii) Daily count of voters.--At the close 
                        of business on each day on which ballots 
                        described in clause (i) may be cast prior to 
                        the date of the election, the appropriate 
                        election official at each such site shall--
                                    ``(I) under the observation of 
                                certified tabulation observers admitted 
                                to the site under subparagraph (E) (if 
                                any), prepare and post a statement of 
                                the total number of individuals who 
                                appeared at the site to cast ballots, 
                                determined by reference to the number 
                                of signatures in a sign-in book or 
                                other similar independent count, and 
                                the total number of ballots cast 
                                (excluding information on the votes 
                                received by individual candidates), and 
                                shall ensure that each of the certified 
                                tabulation observers admitted to the 
                                site has full access to observe the 
                                process by which the statement is 
                                produced and a reasonable period of 
                                time to review the statement before the 
                                site is closed; and
                                    ``(II) display at the site during 
                                regular business hours for the duration 
                                of the early voting period a paper copy 
                                of the statement prepared under 
                                subclause (I).
                            ``(iii) Application of general requirements 
                        for poll tapes and statements.--Upon the 
                        closing of the polls on the date of the 
                        election, the appropriate election official at 
                        each designated site described in this 
                        subparagraph shall meet the requirements of 
                        subparagraph (A) (including requirements 
                        relating to the role of certified tabulation 
                        observers) in the same manner as an election 
                        official at a polling place.
                    ``(C) Treatment of absentee ballots.--
                            ``(i) Daily count of ballots mailed and 
                        received.--At the close of each business day on 
                        which a State mails or accepts absentee ballots 
                        cast in an election for Federal office prior to 
                        the date of the election, the appropriate 
                        election official shall--
                                    ``(I) under the observation of 
                                certified tabulation observers admitted 
                                under subparagraph (E) to the site at 
                                which the ballots are mailed and 
                                received (if any), prepare and post a 
                                statement of the total number of 
                                absentee ballots mailed and received by 
                                the official during that day and a 
                                separate count of the number of 
                                absentee ballots received but rejected 
                                (separated into categories of the 
                                reasons for rejection), and ensure that 
                                each of the certified tabulation 
                                observers admitted to the site has full 
                                access to observe the process by which 
                                the statement is produced and a 
                                reasonable period of time to review the 
                                statement before the site is closed; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) display at the site during 
                                regular business hours for the duration 
                                of the period during which absentee 
                                ballots are processed a paper copy of 
                                the statement prepared under subclause 
                                (I).
                            ``(ii) Application of general requirements 
                        for poll tapes and statements.--At the close of 
                        business on the last day on which absentee 
                        ballots are counted prior to the certification 
                        of the election, the appropriate election 
                        official at the site at which absentee ballots 
                        are received and counted shall meet the 
                        requirements of subparagraph (A) (including 
                        requirements relating to the role of certified 
                        tabulation observers) in the same manner as an 
                        election official at a polling place.
                    ``(D) Daily count of provisional ballots.--At the 
                close of business on the day on which the appropriate 
                election official determines whether or not provisional 
                ballots cast in an election for Federal office will be 
                counted as votes in the election (as described in 
                section 302(a)(4)), the official shall--
                            ``(i) under the observation of certified 
                        tabulation observers admitted under 
                        subparagraph (E) to the site at which the 
                        determination is made (if any), prepare and 
                        post a statement of the number of such ballots 
                        for which a determination was made, the number 
                        of ballots counted, and the number of ballots 
                        rejected (separated into categories of the 
                        reason for the rejection), and ensure that each 
                        of the certified tabulation observers admitted 
                        to the site has full access to observe the 
                        process by which the statement is produced and 
                        a reasonable period of time to review the 
                        statement before the site is closed; and
                            ``(ii) display at the site during regular 
                        business hours for the duration of the period 
                        during which provisional ballots are processed 
                        a paper copy of the statement prepared under 
                        clause (i).
                    ``(E) Admission of certified tabulation 
                observers.--
                            ``(i) Certified tabulation observer 
                        defined.--In this paragraph, a `certified 
                        tabulation observer' is an individual who is 
                        certified by an appropriate election official 
                        as authorized to carry out the responsibilities 
                        of a certified tabulation observer under this 
                        paragraph.
                            ``(ii) Selection.--In determining which 
                        individuals to certify as tabulation observers 
                        and admit to a polling place or other location 
                        to serve as certified tabulation observers with 
                        respect to an election for Federal office, the 
                        election official shall give preference to 
                        individuals who are affiliated with a candidate 
                        in the election, except that--
                                    ``(I) the number of individuals 
                                admitted who are affiliated with the 
                                same candidate for Federal office may 
                                not exceed one; and
                                    ``(II) the maximum number of 
                                individuals who may be admitted shall 
                                equal the number of candidates in the 
                                election plus 3, or such greater number 
                                as may be authorized under State law.
                            ``(iii) No effect on admission of other 
                        observers.--Nothing in this subparagraph may be 
                        construed to limit or otherwise affect the 
                        authority of other individuals to enter and 
                        observe polling place operations under any 
                        other law, including international observers 
                        authorized under any treaty or observers of the 
                        Federal Government authorized under the Voting 
                        Rights Act of 1965.
                    ``(F) No effect on other tabulation requirements.--
                Nothing in this Act may be construed to supersede any 
                requirement that an election official at a polling 
                place report vote totals to a central tabulation 
                facility and address discrepancies the official finds 
                in the aggregation of those totals with other vote 
                totals.''.
    (b) Requiring Laboratories To Meet Standards Prohibiting Conflicts 
of Interest as Condition of Accreditation for Testing of Voting System 
Hardware and Software.--
            (1) In general.--Section 231(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
        20971(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        paragraphs:
            ``(3) Prohibiting conflicts of interest; ensuring 
        availability of results.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A laboratory may not be 
                accredited by the Commission for purposes of this 
                section unless--
                            ``(i) the laboratory certifies that the 
                        only compensation it receives for the testing 
                        carried out in connection with the 
                        certification, decertification, and 
                        recertification of the manufacturer's voting 
                        system hardware and software is the payment 
                        made from the Testing Escrow Account under 
                        paragraph (4);
                            ``(ii) the laboratory meets such standards 
                        as the Commission shall establish (after notice 
                        and opportunity for public comment) to prevent 
                        the existence or appearance of any conflict of 
                        interest in the testing carried out by the 
                        laboratory under this section, including 
                        standards to ensure that the laboratory does 
                        not have a financial interest in the 
                        manufacture, sale, and distribution of voting 
                        system hardware and software, and is 
                        sufficiently independent from other persons 
                        with such an interest;
                            ``(iii) the laboratory certifies that it 
                        will permit an expert designated by the 
                        Commission or by the State requiring 
                        certification of the system being tested to 
                        observe any testing the laboratory carries out 
                        under this section; and
                            ``(iv) the laboratory, upon completion of 
                        any testing carried out under this section, 
                        discloses the test protocols, results, and all 
                        communication between the laboratory and the 
                        manufacturer to the Commission.
                    ``(B) Availability of results.--Upon receipt of 
                information under subparagraph (A), the Commission 
                shall make the information available promptly to 
                election officials and the public.
            ``(4) Procedures for conducting testing; payment of user 
        fees for compensation of accredited laboratories.--
                    ``(A) Establishment of escrow account.--The 
                Commission shall establish an escrow account (to be 
                known as the Testing Escrow Account) for making 
                payments to accredited laboratories for the costs of 
                the testing carried out in connection with the 
                certification, decertification, and recertification of 
                voting system hardware and software.
                    ``(B) Schedule of fees.--In consultation with the 
                accredited laboratories, the Commission shall establish 
                and regularly update a schedule of fees for the testing 
                carried out in connection with the certification, 
                decertification, and recertification of voting system 
                hardware and software, based on the reasonable costs 
                expected to be incurred by the accredited laboratories 
                in carrying out the testing for various types of 
                hardware and software.
                    ``(C) Requests and payments by manufacturers.--A 
                manufacturer of voting system hardware and software may 
                not have the hardware or software tested by an 
                accredited laboratory under this section unless--
                            ``(i) the manufacturer submits a detailed 
                        request for the testing to the Commission; and
                            ``(ii) the manufacturer pays to the 
                        Commission, for deposit into the Testing Escrow 
                        Account established under subparagraph (A), the 
                        applicable fee under the schedule established 
                        and in effect under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(D) Selection of laboratory.--Upon receiving a 
                request for testing and the payment from a manufacturer 
                required under subparagraph (C), the Commission shall 
                select, from all laboratories which are accredited 
                under this section to carry out the specific testing 
                requested by the manufacturer, an accredited laboratory 
                to carry out the testing.
                    ``(E) Payments to laboratories.--Upon receiving a 
                certification from a laboratory selected to carry out 
                testing pursuant to subparagraph (D) that the testing 
                is completed, along with a copy of the results of the 
                test as required under paragraph (3)(A)(iv), the 
                Commission shall make a payment to the laboratory from 
                the Testing Escrow Account established under 
                subparagraph (A) in an amount equal to the applicable 
                fee paid by the manufacturer under subparagraph 
                (C)(ii).
            ``(5) Dissemination of additional information on accredited 
        laboratories.--
                    ``(A) Information on testing.--Upon completion of 
                the testing of a voting system under this section, the 
                Commission shall promptly disseminate to the public the 
                identification of the laboratory which carried out the 
                testing.
                    ``(B) Information on status of laboratories.--The 
                Commission shall promptly notify Congress, the chief 
                State election official of each State, and the public 
                whenever--
                            ``(i) the Commission revokes, terminates, 
                        or suspends the accreditation of a laboratory 
                        under this section;
                            ``(ii) the Commission restores the 
                        accreditation of a laboratory under this 
                        section which has been revoked, terminated, or 
                        suspended; or
                            ``(iii) the Commission has credible 
                        evidence of significant security failure at an 
                        accredited laboratory.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--Section 231 of such Act (52 
        U.S.C. 20971) is further amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``testing, 
                certification,'' and all that follows and inserting the 
                following: ``testing of voting system hardware and 
                software by accredited laboratories in connection with 
                the certification, decertification, and recertification 
                of the hardware and software for purposes of this 
                Act.'';
                    (B) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``testing, 
                certification,'' and all that follows and inserting the 
                following: ``testing of its voting system hardware and 
                software by the laboratories accredited by the 
                Commission under this section in connection with 
                certifying, decertifying, and recertifying the hardware 
                and software.'';
                    (C) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``testing, 
                certification, decertification, and recertification'' 
                and inserting ``testing''; and
                    (D) in subsection (d), by striking ``testing, 
                certification, decertification, and recertification'' 
                each place it appears and inserting ``testing''.
            (3) Deadline for establishment of standards, escrow 
        account, and schedule of fees.--The Election Assistance 
        Commission shall establish the standards described in section 
        231(b)(3) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 and the Testing 
        Escrow Account and schedule of fees described in section 
        231(b)(4) of such Act (as added by paragraph (1)) not later 
        than January 1, 2019.
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Election Assistance Commission such 
        sums as may be necessary to carry out the Commission's duties 
        under paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 231 of the Help America 
        Vote Act of 2002 (as added by paragraph (1)).
    (c) Grants for Research on Development of Election-Dedicated Voting 
System Software.--
            (1) In general.--Subtitle D of title II of the Help America 
        Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21001 et seq.) is amended by adding 
        at the end the following new part:

  ``PART 7--GRANTS FOR RESEARCH ON DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTION-DEDICATED 
                         VOTING SYSTEM SOFTWARE

``SEC. 297. GRANTS FOR RESEARCH ON DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTION-DEDICATED 
              VOTING SYSTEM SOFTWARE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director of the National Science Foundation 
(hereafter in this part referred to as the `Director') shall make 
grants to not fewer than 3 eligible entities to conduct research on the 
development of election-dedicated voting system software.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--An entity is eligible to receive a grant under 
this part if it submits to the Director (at such time and in such form 
as the Director may require) an application containing--
            ``(1) certifications regarding the benefits of operating 
        voting systems on election-dedicated software which is easily 
        understandable and which is written exclusively for the purpose 
        of conducting elections;
            ``(2) certifications that the entity will use the funds 
        provided under the grant to carry out research on how to 
        develop voting systems that run on election-dedicated software 
        and that will meet the applicable requirements for voting 
        systems under title III; and
            ``(3) such other information and certifications as the 
        Director may require.
    ``(c) Availability of Technology.--Any technology developed with 
the grants made under this section shall be treated as nonproprietary 
and shall be made available to the public, including to manufacturers 
of voting systems.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for grants under this section $1,500,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2018 and 2019, to remain available until expended.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents of such Act 
        is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to 
        subtitle D of title II the following:

  ``Part 7--Grants for Research on Development of Election-Dedicated 
                         Voting System Software

``Sec. 297. Grants for research on development of election-dedicated 
                            voting system software.''.

SEC. 8604. EFFECTIVE DATE FOR NEW REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 301(d) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 
21081(d)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Effective Date.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
        each State and jurisdiction shall be required to comply with 
        the requirements of this section on and after January 1, 2006.
            ``(2) Special rule for certain requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraphs (B) and (C), the requirements of this 
                section which are first imposed on a State and 
                jurisdiction pursuant to the amendments made by title I 
                of the Voter Confidence and Increased Accessibility Act 
                of 2018 shall apply with respect to voting systems used 
                for any election for Federal office held in 2024 or any 
                succeeding year.
                    ``(B) Delay for jurisdictions using certain paper 
                record printers or certain systems using or producing 
                voter-verifiable paper records in 2022.--
                            ``(i) Delay.--In the case of a jurisdiction 
                        described in clause (ii), subparagraph (A) 
                        shall apply to a voting system in the 
                        jurisdiction as if the reference in such 
                        subparagraph to `2024' were a reference to 
                        `2026', but only with respect to the following 
                        requirements of this section:
                                    ``(I) Paragraph (2)(A)(i)(I) of 
                                subsection (a) (relating to the use of 
                                voter-marked paper ballots).
                                    ``(II) Paragraph (3)(B)(ii)(I) and 
                                (II) of subsection (a) (relating to 
                                access to verification from and casting 
                                of the durable paper ballot).
                                    ``(III) Paragraph (7) of subsection 
                                (a) (relating to durability and 
                                readability requirements for ballots).
                            ``(ii) Jurisdictions described.--A 
                        jurisdiction described in this clause is a 
                        jurisdiction--
                                    ``(I) which used voter verifiable 
                                paper record printers attached to 
                                direct recording electronic voting 
                                machines, or which used other voting 
                                systems that used or produced paper 
                                records of the vote verifiable by 
                                voters but that are not in compliance 
                                with paragraphs (2)(A)(i)(I), 
                                (3)(B)(ii)(I) and (II), and (7) of 
                                subsection (a) (as amended or added by 
                                the Voter Confidence and Increased 
                                Accessibility Act of 2018), for the 
                                administration of the regularly 
                                scheduled general election for Federal 
                                office held in November 2022; and
                                    ``(II) which will continue to use 
                                such printers or systems for the 
                                administration of elections for Federal 
                                office held in years before 2024.
                            ``(iii) Mandatory availability of paper 
                        ballots at polling places using grandfathered 
                        printers and systems.--
                                    ``(I) Requiring ballots to be 
                                offered and provided.--The appropriate 
                                election official at each polling place 
                                that uses a printer or system described 
                                in clause (ii)(I) for the 
                                administration of elections for Federal 
                                office shall offer each individual who 
                                is eligible to cast a vote in the 
                                election at the polling place the 
                                opportunity to cast the vote using a 
                                blank pre-printed paper ballot which 
                                the individual may mark by hand and 
                                which is not produced by the direct 
                                recording electronic voting machine or 
                                other such system. The official shall 
                                provide the individual with the ballot 
                                and the supplies necessary to mark the 
                                ballot, and shall ensure (to the 
                                greatest extent practicable) that the 
                                waiting period for the individual to 
                                cast a vote is the lesser of 30 minutes 
                                or the average waiting period for an 
                                individual who does not agree to cast 
                                the vote using such a paper ballot 
                                under this clause.
                                    ``(II) Treatment of ballot.--Any 
                                paper ballot which is cast by an 
                                individual under this clause shall be 
                                counted and otherwise treated as a 
                                regular ballot for all purposes 
                                (including by incorporating it into the 
                                final unofficial vote count (as defined 
                                by the State) for the precinct) and not 
                                as a provisional ballot, unless the 
                                individual casting the ballot would 
                                have otherwise been required to cast a 
                                provisional ballot.
                                    ``(III) Posting of notice.--The 
                                appropriate election official shall 
                                ensure there is prominently displayed 
                                at each polling place a notice that 
                                describes the obligation of the 
                                official to offer individuals the 
                                opportunity to cast votes using a pre-
                                printed blank paper ballot.
                                    ``(IV) Training of election 
                                officials.--The chief State election 
                                official shall ensure that election 
                                officials at polling places in the 
                                State are aware of the requirements of 
                                this clause, including the requirement 
                                to display a notice under subclause 
                                (III), and are aware that it is a 
                                violation of the requirements of this 
                                title for an election official to fail 
                                to offer an individual the opportunity 
                                to cast a vote using a blank pre-
                                printed paper ballot.
                                    ``(V) Period of applicability.--The 
                                requirements of this clause apply only 
                                during the period in which the delay is 
                                in effect under clause (i).
                    ``(C) Special rule for jurisdictions using certain 
                nontabulating ballot marking devices.--In the case of a 
                jurisdiction which uses a nontabulating ballot marking 
                device which automatically deposits the ballot into a 
                privacy sleeve, subparagraph (A) shall apply to a 
                voting system in the jurisdiction as if the reference 
                in such subparagraph to `any election for Federal 
                office held in 2024 or any succeeding year' were a 
                reference to `elections for Federal office occurring 
                held in 2026 or each succeeding year', but only with 
                respect to paragraph (3)(B)(ii)(II) of subsection (a) 
                (relating to nonmanual casting of the durable paper 
                ballot).''.

     PART 2--REQUIREMENT FOR MANDATORY MANUAL AUDITS BY HAND COUNT

SEC. 8611. MANDATORY MANUAL AUDITS.

    Title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et 
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new subtitle:

                 ``Subtitle C--Mandatory Manual Audits

``SEC. 321. REQUIRING AUDITS OF RESULTS OF ELECTIONS.

    ``(a) Requiring Audits.--
            ``(1) In general.--In accordance with this subtitle, each 
        State shall administer, without advance notice to the precincts 
        or alternative audit units selected, audits of the results of 
        all elections for Federal office held in the State (and, at the 
        option of the State or jurisdiction involved, of elections for 
        State and local office held at the same time as such election) 
        consisting of random hand counts of the voter-verified paper 
        ballots required to be used and preserved pursuant to section 
        301(a)(2).
            ``(2) Exception for certain elections.--A State shall not 
        be required to administer an audit of the results of an 
        election for Federal office under this subtitle if the winning 
        candidate in the election--
                    ``(A) had no opposition on the ballot; or
                    ``(B) received 80 percent or more of the total 
                number of votes cast in the election, as determined on 
                the basis of the final unofficial vote count.
    ``(b) Determination of Entity Conducting Audits; Application of GAO 
Independence Standards.--The State shall administer audits under this 
subtitle through an entity selected for such purpose by the State in 
accordance with such criteria as the State considers appropriate 
consistent with the requirements of this subtitle, except that the 
entity must meet the general standards established by the Comptroller 
General and as set forth in the Comptroller General's Government 
Auditing Standards to ensure the independence (including, except as 
provided under section 323(b), the organizational independence) of 
entities performing financial audits, attestation engagements, and 
performance audits.
    ``(c) References to Election Auditor.--In this subtitle, the term 
`Election Auditor' means, with respect to a State, the entity selected 
by the State under subsection (b).

``SEC. 322. NUMBER OF BALLOTS COUNTED UNDER AUDIT.

    ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the number 
of voter-verified paper ballots which will be subject to a hand count 
administered by the Election Auditor of a State under this subtitle 
with respect to an election shall be determined as follows:
            ``(1) In the event that the unofficial count as described 
        in section 323(a)(1) reveals that the margin of victory between 
        the two candidates receiving the largest number of votes in the 
        election is less than 1 percent of the total votes cast in that 
        election, the hand counts of the voter-verified paper ballots 
        shall occur in at least 10 percent of all precincts or 
        equivalent locations (or alternative audit units used in 
        accordance with the method provided for under subsection (b)) 
        in the Congressional district involved (in the case of an 
        election for the House of Representatives) or the State (in the 
        case of any other election for Federal office).
            ``(2) In the event that the unofficial count as described 
        in section 323(a)(1) reveals that the margin of victory between 
        the two candidates receiving the largest number of votes in the 
        election is greater than or equal to 1 percent but less than 2 
        percent of the total votes cast in that election, the hand 
        counts of the voter-verified paper ballots shall occur in at 
        least 5 percent of all precincts or equivalent locations (or 
        alternative audit units used in accordance with the method 
        provided for under subsection (b)) in the Congressional 
        district involved (in the case of an election for the House of 
        Representatives) or the State (in the case of any other 
        election for Federal office).
            ``(3) In the event that the unofficial count as described 
        in section 323(a)(1) reveals that the margin of victory between 
        the two candidates receiving the largest number of votes in the 
        election is equal to or greater than 2 percent of the total 
        votes cast in that election, the hand counts of the voter-
        verified paper ballots shall occur in at least 3 percent of all 
        precincts or equivalent locations (or alternative audit units 
        used in accordance with the method provided for under 
        subsection (b)) in the Congressional district involved (in the 
        case of an election for the House of Representatives) or the 
        State (in the case of any other election for Federal office).
    ``(b) Use of Alternative Mechanism.--
            ``(1) Permitting use of alternative mechanism.--
        Notwithstanding subsection (a), a State may adopt and apply an 
        alternative mechanism to determine the number of voter-verified 
        paper ballots which will be subject to the hand counts required 
        under this subtitle with respect to an election, so long as the 
        alternative mechanism uses the voter-verified paper ballots to 
        conduct the audit and the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology determines that the alternative mechanism is in 
        accordance with the principles set forth in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Principles for approval.--In approving an alternative 
        mechanism under paragraph (1), the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology shall ensure that the audit procedure 
        will have the property that for each election--
                    ``(A) the alternative mechanism will be at least as 
                statistically effective in ensuring the accuracy of the 
                election results as the procedures under this subtitle; 
                or
                    ``(B) the alternative mechanism will achieve at 
                least a 95% confidence interval (as determined in 
                accordance with criteria set forth by the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology) with respect to 
                the outcome of the election.
            ``(3) Deadline for response.--The Director of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology shall make a 
        determination regarding a State's request to approve an 
        alternative mechanism under paragraph (1) not later than 30 
        days after receiving the State's request.

``SEC. 323. PROCESS FOR ADMINISTERING AUDITS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Election Auditor of a State shall administer 
an audit under this section of the results of an election in accordance 
with the following procedures:
            ``(1) Within 24 hours after the State announces the final 
        unofficial vote count (as defined by the State) in each 
        precinct in the State, the Election Auditor shall--
                    ``(A) determine and then announce the precincts or 
                equivalent locations (or alternative audit units used 
                in accordance with the method provided under section 
                322(b)) in the State in which it will administer the 
                audits; and
                    ``(B) with respect to votes cast at the precinct or 
                equivalent location on or before the date of the 
                election (other than provisional ballots described in 
                paragraph (2)), begin to administer the hand count of 
                the votes on the voter-verified paper ballots required 
                to be used and preserved under section 301(a)(2)(A) and 
                the comparison of the count of the votes on those 
                ballots with the final unofficial count of such votes 
                as announced by the State.
            ``(2) With respect to votes cast other than at the precinct 
        on the date of the election (other than votes cast before the 
        date of the election described in paragraph (2)) or votes cast 
        by provisional ballot on the date of the election which are 
        certified and counted by the State on or after the date of the 
        election, including votes cast by absent uniformed services 
        voters and overseas voters under the Uniformed and Overseas 
        Citizens Absentee Voting Act, the Election Auditor shall 
        administer the hand count of the votes on the applicable voter-
        verified paper ballots required to be produced and preserved 
        under section 301(a)(2)(A) and the comparison of the count of 
        the votes on those ballots with the final unofficial count of 
        such votes as announced by the State.
    ``(b) Use of Personnel.--In administering the audits, the Election 
Auditor may utilize the services of the personnel of the State or 
jurisdiction, including election administration personnel and poll 
workers, without regard to whether or not the personnel have 
professional auditing experience.
    ``(c) Location.--The Election Auditor shall administer an audit of 
an election--
            ``(1) at the location where the ballots cast in the 
        election are stored and counted after the date of the election 
        or such other appropriate and secure location agreed upon by 
        the Election Auditor and the individual that is responsible 
        under State law for the custody of the ballots; and
            ``(2) in the presence of the personnel who under State law 
        are responsible for the custody of the ballots.
    ``(d) Special Rule in Case of Delay in Reporting Absentee Vote 
Count.--In the case of a State in which the final count of absentee and 
provisional votes is not announced until after the date of the 
election, the Election Auditor shall initiate the process described in 
subsection (a) for administering the audit not later than 24 hours 
after the State announces the final unofficial vote count for the votes 
cast at the precinct or equivalent location on or before the date of 
the election, and shall initiate the administration of the audit of the 
absentee and provisional votes pursuant to subsection (a)(2) not later 
than 24 hours after the State announces the final unofficial count of 
such votes.
    ``(e) Additional Audits if Cause Shown.--
            ``(1) In general.--If the Election Auditor finds that any 
        of the hand counts administered under this section do not match 
        the final unofficial tally of the results of an election, the 
        Election Auditor shall administer hand counts under this 
        section of such additional precincts (or alternative audit 
        units) as the Election Auditor considers appropriate to resolve 
        any concerns resulting from the audit and ensure the accuracy 
        of the election results.
            ``(2) Establishment and publication of procedures governing 
        additional audits.--Not later than August 1, 2023, each State 
        shall establish and publish procedures for carrying out the 
        additional audits under this subsection, including the means by 
        which the State shall resolve any concerns resulting from the 
        audit with finality and ensure the accuracy of the election 
        results.
    ``(f) Public Observation of Audits.--Each audit conducted under 
this section shall be conducted in a manner that allows public 
observation of the entire process.

``SEC. 324. SELECTION OF PRECINCTS.

    ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (c), the 
selection of the precincts or alternative audit units in the State in 
which the Election Auditor of the State shall administer the hand 
counts under this subtitle shall be made by the Election Auditor on a 
random basis, in accordance with procedures adopted by the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology, except that at least one 
precinct shall be selected at random in each county, with additional 
precincts selected by the Election Auditor at the Auditor's discretion.
    ``(b) Public Selection.--The random selection of precincts under 
subsection (a) shall be conducted in public, at a time and place 
announced in advance.
    ``(c) Mandatory Selection of Precincts Established Specifically for 
Absentee Ballots.--If a State does not sort absentee ballots by 
precinct and include those ballots in the hand count with respect to 
that precinct, the State shall create absentee ballot precincts or 
audit units which are of similar size to the average precinct or audit 
unit in the jurisdiction being audited, and shall include those 
absentee precincts or audit units among the precincts in the State in 
which the Election Auditor shall administer the hand counts under this 
subtitle.
    ``(d) Deadline for Adoption of Procedures by NIST.--The National 
Institute of Standards and Technology shall adopt the procedures 
described in subsection (a) not later than March 31, 2023, and shall 
publish them in the Federal Register upon adoption.

``SEC. 325. PUBLICATION OF RESULTS.

    ``(a) Submission to Commission.--As soon as practicable after the 
completion of an audit under this subtitle, the Election Auditor of a 
State shall submit to the Commission the results of the audit, and 
shall include in the submission a comparison of the results of the 
election in the precinct as determined by the Election Auditor under 
the audit and the final unofficial vote count in the precinct as 
announced by the State and all undervotes, overvotes, blank ballots, 
and spoiled, voided, or cancelled ballots, as well as a list of any 
discrepancies discovered between the initial, subsequent, and final 
hand counts administered by the Election Auditor and such final 
unofficial vote count and any explanation for such discrepancies, 
broken down by the categories of votes described in paragraphs (1)(B) 
and (2) of section 323(a).
    ``(b) Publication by Commission.--Immediately after receiving the 
submission of the results of an audit from the Election Auditor of a 
State under subsection (a), the Commission shall publicly announce and 
publish the information contained in the submission.
    ``(c) Delay in Certification of Results by State.--
            ``(1) Prohibiting certification until completion of 
        audits.--No State may certify the results of any election which 
        is subject to an audit under this subtitle prior to--
                    ``(A) to the completion of the audit (and, if 
                required, any additional audit conducted under section 
                323(e)(1)) and the announcement and submission of the 
                results of each such audit to the Commission for 
                publication of the information required under this 
                section; and
                    ``(B) the completion of any procedure established 
                by the State pursuant to section 323(e)(2) to resolve 
                discrepancies and ensure the accuracy of results.
            ``(2) Deadline for completion of audits of presidential 
        elections.--In the case of an election for electors for 
        President and Vice President which is subject to an audit under 
        this subtitle, the State shall complete the audits and announce 
        and submit the results to the Commission for publication of the 
        information required under this section in time for the State 
        to certify the results of the election and provide for the 
        final determination of any controversy or contest concerning 
        the appointment of such electors prior to the deadline 
        described in section 6 of title 3, United States Code.

``SEC. 326. PAYMENTS TO STATES.

    ``(a) Payments for Costs of Conducting Audits.--In accordance with 
the requirements and procedures of this section, the Commission shall 
make a payment to a State to cover the costs incurred by the State in 
carrying out this subtitle with respect to the elections that are the 
subject of the audits conducted under this subtitle.
    ``(b) Certification of Compliance and Anticipated Costs.--
            ``(1) Certification required.--In order to receive a 
        payment under this section, a State shall submit to the 
        Commission, in such form as the Commission may require, a 
        statement containing--
                    ``(A) a certification that the State will conduct 
                the audits required under this subtitle in accordance 
                with all of the requirements of this subtitle;
                    ``(B) a notice of the reasonable costs incurred or 
                the reasonable costs anticipated to be incurred by the 
                State in carrying out this subtitle with respect to the 
                elections involved; and
                    ``(C) such other information and assurances as the 
                Commission may require.
            ``(2) Amount of payment.--The amount of a payment made to a 
        State under this section shall be equal to the reasonable costs 
        incurred or the reasonable costs anticipated to be incurred by 
        the State in carrying out this subtitle with respect to the 
        elections involved, as set forth in the statement submitted 
        under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Timing of notice.--The State may not submit a notice 
        under paragraph (1) until candidates have been selected to 
        appear on the ballot for all of the elections for Federal 
        office which will be the subject of the audits involved.
    ``(c) Timing of Payments.--The Commission shall make the payment 
required under this section to a State not later than 30 days after 
receiving the notice submitted by the State under subsection (b).
    ``(d) Recoupment of Overpayments.--No payment may be made to a 
State under this section unless the State agrees to repay to the 
Commission the excess (if any) of--
            ``(1) the amount of the payment received by the State under 
        this section with respect to the elections involved; over
            ``(2) the actual costs incurred by the State in carrying 
        out this subtitle with respect to the elections involved.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Commission for fiscal year 2022 and each succeeding 
fiscal year $100,000,000 for payments under this section.

``SEC. 327. EXCEPTION FOR ELECTIONS SUBJECT TO RECOUNT UNDER STATE LAW 
              PRIOR TO CERTIFICATION.

    ``(a) Exception.--This subtitle does not apply to any election for 
which a recount under State law will commence prior to the 
certification of the results of the election, including but not limited 
to a recount required automatically because of the margin of victory 
between the 2 candidates receiving the largest number of votes in the 
election, but only if each of the following applies to the recount:
            ``(1) The recount commences prior to the determination and 
        announcement by the Election Auditor under section 323(a)(1) of 
        the precincts in the State in which it will administer the 
        audits under this subtitle.
            ``(2) If the recount would apply to fewer than 100 percent 
        of the ballots cast in the election--
                    ``(A) the number of ballots counted will be at 
                least as many as would be counted if an audit were 
                conducted with respect to the election in accordance 
                with this subtitle; and
                    ``(B) the selection of the precincts in which the 
                recount will be conducted will be made in accordance 
                with the random selection procedures applicable under 
                section 324.
            ``(3) The recount for the election meets the requirements 
        of section 323(f) (relating to public observation).
            ``(4) The State meets the requirements of section 325 
        (relating to the publication of results and the delay in the 
        certification of results) with respect to the recount.
    ``(b) Clarification of Effect on Other Requirements.--Nothing in 
this section may be construed to waive the application of any other 
provision of this Act to any election (including the requirement set 
forth in section 301(a)(2) that the voter verified paper ballots serve 
as the vote of record and shall be counted by hand in all audits and 
recounts, including audits and recounts described in this subtitle).

``SEC. 328. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    ``This subtitle shall apply with respect to elections for Federal 
office held in 2022 or any succeeding year.''.

SEC. 8612. AVAILABILITY OF ENFORCEMENT UNDER HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT OF 
              2002.

    Section 401 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21111) 
is amended by striking the period at the end and inserting the 
following: ``, or the requirements of subtitle C of title III.''.

SEC. 8613. GUIDANCE ON BEST PRACTICES FOR ALTERNATIVE AUDIT MECHANISMS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than May 1, 2023, the Director of the 
National Institute for Standards and Technology shall establish 
guidance for States that wish to establish alternative audit mechanisms 
under section 322(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (as added by 
section 611). Such guidance shall be based upon scientifically and 
statistically reasonable assumptions for the purpose of creating an 
alternative audit mechanism that will be consistent with the principles 
for approval described in section 322(b)(2) of such Act (as so added).
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out subsection (a) $100,000, to remain available 
until expended.

SEC. 8614. CLERICAL AMENDMENT.

    The table of contents of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 is 
amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title III the 
following:

                 ``Subtitle C--Mandatory Manual Audits

``Sec. 321. Requiring audits of results of elections.
``Sec. 322. Number of ballots counted under audit.
``Sec. 323. Process for administering audits.
``Sec. 324. Selection of precincts.
``Sec. 325. Publication of results.
``Sec. 326. Payments to States.
``Sec. 327. Exception for elections subject to recount under State law 
                            prior to certification.
``Sec. 328. Effective date.''.

                    Subtitle H--Provisional Ballots

SEC. 8701. REQUIREMENTS FOR COUNTING PROVISIONAL BALLOTS; ESTABLISHMENT 
              OF UNIFORM AND NONDISCRIMINATORY STANDARDS.

    (a) In General.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 
(52 U.S.C. 21082) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (f); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new 
        subsections:
    ``(d) Statewide Counting of Provisional Ballots.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a)(4), 
        notwithstanding the precinct or polling place at which a 
        provisional ballot is cast within the State, the appropriate 
        election official shall count each vote on such ballot for each 
        election in which the individual who cast such ballot is 
        eligible to vote.
            ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with 
        respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2020.
    ``(e) Uniform and Nondiscriminatory Standards.--
            ``(1) In general.--Consistent with the requirements of this 
        section, each State shall establish uniform and 
        nondiscriminatory standards for the issuance, handling, and 
        counting of provisional ballots.
            ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with 
        respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2020.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21082(f)), as redesignated by subsection (a), is amended by striking 
``Each State'' and inserting ``Except as provided in subsections (d)(2) 
and (e)(2), each State''.

              Subtitle I--Early Voting and Voting by Mail

SEC. 8801. EARLY VOTING AND VOTING BY MAIL.

    (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote 
Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 8121(a) 
and section 8201(a), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 306 and 307 as sections 308 
        and 309; and
            (2) by inserting after section 305 the following new 
        sections:

``SEC. 306. EARLY VOTING.

    ``(a) Requiring Voting Prior to Date of Election.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each State shall allow individuals to 
        vote in an election for Federal office during an early voting 
        period which occurs prior to the date of the election, in the 
        same manner as voting is allowed on such date.
            ``(2) Length of period.--The early voting period required 
        under this subsection with respect to an election shall consist 
        of a period of consecutive days (including weekends) which 
        begins on the 15th day before the date of the election (or, at 
        the option of the State, on a day prior to the 15th day before 
        the date of the election) and ends on the date of the election.
    ``(b) Minimum Early Voting Requirements.--Each polling place which 
allows voting during an early voting period under subsection (a) 
shall--
            ``(1) allow such voting for no less than 4 hours on each 
        day, except that the polling place may allow such voting for 
        fewer than 4 hours on Sundays; and
            ``(2) have uniform hours each day for which such voting 
        occurs.
    ``(c) Location of Polling Places Near Public Transportation.--To 
the greatest extent practicable, a State shall ensure that each polling 
place which allows voting during an early voting period under 
subsection (a) is located within walking distance of a stop on a public 
transportation route.
    ``(d) Standards.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall issue standards for 
        the administration of voting prior to the day scheduled for a 
        Federal election. Such standards shall include the 
        nondiscriminatory geographic placement of polling places at 
        which such voting occurs.
            ``(2) Deviation.--The standards described in paragraph (1) 
        shall permit States, upon providing adequate public notice, to 
        deviate from any requirement in the case of unforeseen 
        circumstances such as a natural disaster, terrorist attack, or 
        a change in voter turnout.
    ``(e) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to 
elections held on or after January 1, 2020.

``SEC. 307. PROMOTING ABILITY OF VOTERS TO VOTE BY MAIL.

    ``(a) In General.--If an individual in a State is eligible to cast 
a vote in an election for Federal office, the State may not impose any 
additional conditions or requirements on the eligibility of the 
individual to cast the vote in such election by mail, except as 
required under subsection (b) and except to the extent that the State 
imposes a deadline for requesting the ballot and related voting 
materials from the appropriate State or local election official and for 
returning the ballot to the appropriate State or local election 
official.
    ``(b) Requiring Signature Verification.--A State may not accept and 
process an absentee ballot submitted by any individual with respect to 
an election for Federal office unless the State verifies the 
identification of the individual by comparing the individual's 
signature on the absentee ballot with the individual's signature on the 
official list of registered voters in the State, in accordance with 
such procedures as the State may adopt.
    ``(c) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to 
elections held on or after January 1, 2020.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Issuance of Voluntary Guidance 
by Election Assistance Commission.--Section 311(b) of such Act (52 
U.S.C. 21101(b)), as amended by section 8201(b), is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (3);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (4) and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(5) in the case of the recommendations with respect to 
        section 306, June 30, 2020; and
            ``(6) in the case of the recommendations with respect to 
        section 307, June 30, 2020.''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 306 and 
        307 as relating to sections 308 and 309; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 305 the 
        following new items:

``Sec. 306. Early voting.
``Sec. 307. Promoting ability of voters to vote by mail.''.

    Subtitle J--Absent Uniformed Services Voters and Overseas Voters

SEC. 8901. EXTENDING GUARANTEE OF RESIDENCY FOR VOTING PURPOSES TO 
              FAMILY MEMBERS OF ABSENT MILITARY PERSONNEL.

    Section 705 of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. App. 
595) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by striking ``spouses'' and inserting 
        ``family members''; and
            (2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
    ``(b) Family Members.--For the purposes of voting for in any 
election for any Federal office (as defined in section 301 of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101)) or any State 
or local office, a spouse, domestic partner, or dependent of a person 
who is absent from a State in compliance with military or naval orders 
shall not, solely by reason of that person's absence and without regard 
to whether or not such family member is accompanying that person--
            ``(1) be deemed to have lost a residence or domicile in 
        that State, without regard to whether or not the person intends 
        to return to that State;
            ``(2) be deemed to have acquired a residence or domicile in 
        any other State; or
            ``(3) be deemed to have become a resident in or a resident 
        of any other State.''.

SEC. 8902. PRE-ELECTION REPORTS ON AVAILABILITY AND TRANSMISSION OF 
              ABSENTEE BALLOTS.

    Section 102(c) of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee 
Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302(c)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(c) Reports on Availability, Transmission, and Receipt of 
Absentee Ballots.--
            ``(1) Pre-election report on absentee ballot 
        availability.--Not later than 55 days before any regularly 
        scheduled general election for Federal office, each State shall 
        submit a report to the Attorney General, the Election 
        Assistance Commission (hereafter in this subsection referred to 
        as the `Commission'), and the Presidential Designee, and make 
        that report publicly available that same day, certifying that 
        absentee ballots for the election are or will be available for 
        transmission to absent uniformed services voters and overseas 
        voters by not later than 45 days before the election. The 
        report shall be in a form prescribed jointly by the Attorney 
        General and the Commission and shall require the State to 
        certify specific information about ballot availability from 
        each unit of local government which will administer the 
        election.
            ``(2) Pre-election report on absentee ballot 
        transmission.--Not later than 43 days before any regularly 
        scheduled general election for Federal office, each State shall 
        submit a report to the Attorney General, the Commission, and 
        the Presidential Designee, and make that report publicly 
        available that same day, certifying whether all absentee 
        ballots have been transmitted by not later than 45 days before 
        the election to all qualified absent uniformed services and 
        overseas voters whose requests were received at least 45 days 
        before the election. The report shall be in a form prescribed 
        jointly by the Attorney General and the Commission, and shall 
        require the State to certify specific information about ballot 
        transmission, including the total numbers of ballot requests 
        received and ballots transmitted, from each unit of local 
        government which will administer the election.
            ``(3) Post-election report on number of absentee ballots 
        transmitted and received.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of each regularly scheduled general election for Federal 
        office, each State and unit of local government which 
        administered the election shall (through the State, in the case 
        of a unit of local government) submit a report to the Attorney 
        General, the Commission, and the Presidential Designee on the 
        combined number of absentee ballots transmitted to absent 
        uniformed services voters and overseas voters for the election 
        and the combined number of such ballots which were returned by 
        such voters and cast in the election, and shall make such 
        report available to the general public that same day.''.

SEC. 8903. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Availability of Civil Penalties and Private Rights of Action.--
Section 105 of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act 
(52 U.S.C. 20307) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 105. ENFORCEMENT.

    ``(a) Action by Attorney General.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General may bring civil 
        action in an appropriate district court for such declaratory or 
        injunctive relief as may be necessary to carry out this title.
            ``(2) Penalty.--In a civil action brought under paragraph 
        (1), if the court finds that the State violated any provision 
        of this title, it may, to vindicate the public interest, assess 
        a civil penalty against the State--
                    ``(A) in an amount not to exceed $110,000 for each 
                such violation, in the case of a first violation; or
                    ``(B) in an amount not to exceed $220,000 for each 
                such violation, for any subsequent violation.
            ``(3) Report to congress.--Not later than December 31 of 
        each year, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress an 
        annual report on any civil action brought under paragraph (1) 
        during the preceding year.
    ``(b) Private Right of Action.--A person who is aggrieved by a 
State's violation of this title may bring a civil action in an 
appropriate district court for such declaratory or injunctive relief as 
may be necessary to carry out this title.
    ``(c) State as Only Necessary Defendant.--In any action brought 
under this section, the only necessary party defendant is the State, 
and it shall not be a defense to any such action that a local election 
official or a unit of local government is not named as a defendant, 
notwithstanding that a State has exercised the authority described in 
section 576 of the Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment Act to 
delegate to another jurisdiction in the State any duty or 
responsibility which is the subject of an action brought under this 
section.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to violations alleged to have occurred on or after 
the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 8904. REVISIONS TO 45-DAY ABSENTEE BALLOT TRANSMISSION RULE.

    (a) Repeal of Waiver Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Section 102 of the Uniformed and Overseas 
        Citizens Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302) is amended by 
        striking subsection (g).
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 102(a)(8)(A) of such Act 
        (52 U.S.C. 20302(a)(8)(A)) is amended by striking ``except as 
        provided in subsection (g),''.
    (b) Requiring Use of Express Delivery in Case of Failure To Meet 
Requirement.--Section 102 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20302), as amended by 
subsection (a), is amended by inserting after subsection (f) the 
following new subsection:
    ``(g) Requiring Use of Express Delivery in Case of Failure To 
Transmit Ballots Within Deadlines.--
            ``(1) Transmission of ballot by express delivery.--If a 
        State fails to meet the requirement of subsection (a)(8)(A) to 
        transmit a validly requested absentee ballot to an absent 
        uniformed services voter or overseas voter not later than 45 
        days before the election (in the case in which the request is 
        received at least 45 days before the election)--
                    ``(A) the State shall transmit the ballot to the 
                voter by express delivery; or
                    ``(B) in the case of a voter who has designated 
                that absentee ballots be transmitted electronically in 
                accordance with subsection (f)(1), the State shall 
                transmit the ballot to the voter electronically.
            ``(2) Special rule for transmission fewer than 40 days 
        before the election.--If, in carrying out paragraph (1), a 
        State transmits an absentee ballot to an absent uniformed 
        services voter or overseas voter fewer than 40 days before the 
        election, the State shall enable the ballot to be returned by 
        the voter by express delivery, except that in the case of an 
        absentee ballot of an absent uniformed services voter for a 
        regularly scheduled general election for Federal office, the 
        State may satisfy the requirement of this paragraph by 
        notifying the voter of the procedures for the collection and 
        delivery of such ballots under section 103A.''.
    (c) Clarification of Treatment of Weekends.--Section 102(a)(8)(A) 
of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20302(a)(8)(A)) is amended by striking ``the 
election;'' and inserting the following: ``the election (or, if the 
45th day preceding the election is a weekend or legal public holiday, 
not later than the most recent weekday which precedes such 45th day and 
which is not a legal public holiday, but only if the request is 
received by at least such most recent weekday);''.

SEC. 8905. USE OF SINGLE ABSENTEE BALLOT APPLICATION FOR SUBSEQUENT 
              ELECTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 104 of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens 
Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20306) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 104. USE OF SINGLE APPLICATION FOR SUBSEQUENT ELECTIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--If a State accepts and processes an official 
post card form (prescribed under section 101) submitted by an absent 
uniformed services voter or overseas voter for simultaneous voter 
registration and absentee ballot application (in accordance with 
section 102(a)(4)) and the voter requests that the application be 
considered an application for an absentee ballot for each subsequent 
election for Federal office held in the State through the next 
regularly scheduled general election for Federal office (including any 
runoff elections which may occur as a result of the outcome of such 
general election), the State shall provide an absentee ballot to the 
voter for each such subsequent election.
    ``(b) Exception for Voters Changing Registration.--Subsection (a) 
shall not apply with respect to a voter registered to vote in a State 
for any election held after the voter notifies the State that the voter 
no longer wishes to be registered to vote in the State or after the 
State determines that the voter has registered to vote in another State 
or is otherwise no longer eligible to vote in the State.
    ``(c) Prohibition of Refusal of Application on Grounds of Early 
Submission.--A State may not refuse to accept or to process, with 
respect to any election for Federal office, any otherwise valid voter 
registration application or absentee ballot application (including the 
postcard form prescribed under section 101) submitted by an absent 
uniformed services voter or overseas voter on the grounds that the 
voter submitted the application before the first date on which the 
State otherwise accepts or processes such applications for that 
election which are submitted by absentee voters who are not members of 
the uniformed services or overseas citizens.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to voter registration and absentee ballot 
applications which are submitted to a State or local election official 
on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 8906. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    The amendments made by this subtitle shall apply with respect to 
elections occurring on or after January 1, 2020.

            Subtitle K--Poll Worker Recruitment and Training

SEC. 8911. LEAVE TO SERVE AS A POLL WORKER FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYEES.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter II of chapter 63 of title 5, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 6329. Absence in connection with serving as a poll worker
    ``(a) In General.--An employee in or under an Executive agency is 
entitled to leave, without loss of or reduction in pay, leave to which 
otherwise entitled, credit for time or service, or performance or 
efficiency rating, not to exceed 6 days in a leave year, in order--
            ``(1) to provide election administration assistance to a 
        State or unit of local government at a polling place on the 
        date of any election for public office; or
            ``(2) to receive any training without which such employee 
        would be ineligible to provide such assistance.
    ``(b) Regulations.--The Director of the Office of Personnel 
Management may prescribe regulations for the administration of this 
section, including regulations setting forth the terms and conditions 
of the election administration assistance an employee may provide for 
purposes of subsection (a).''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 63 of 
title 5, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 6328 the following:

``6329. Absence in connection with serving as a poll worker.''.

SEC. 8912. GRANTS TO STATES FOR POLL WORKER RECRUITMENT AND TRAINING.

    (a) Grants by Election Assistance Commission.--
            (1) In general.--The Election Assistance Commission 
        (hereafter referred to as the ``Commission'') shall make a 
        grant to each eligible State for recruiting and training 
        individuals to serve as nonpartisan poll workers on dates of 
        elections for public office.
            (2) Use of commission materials.--In carrying out 
        activities with a grant provided under this section, the 
        recipient of the grant shall use the manual prepared by the 
        Commission on successful practices for poll worker recruiting, 
        training and retention as an interactive training tool, and 
        shall develop training programs with the participation and 
        input of experts in adult learning.
    (b) Requirements for Eligibility.--
            (1) Application.--Each State that desires to receive a 
        payment under this section shall submit an application for the 
        payment to the Commission at such time and in such manner and 
        containing such information as the Commission shall require.
            (2) Contents of application.--Each application submitted 
        under paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) describe the activities for which assistance 
                under this section is sought;
                    (B) provide assurances that the funds provided 
                under this section will be used to supplement and not 
                supplant other funds used to carry out the activities;
                    (C) provide assurances that the State will furnish 
                the Commission with information on the number of 
                individuals who served as nonpartisan poll workers 
                after recruitment and training with the funds provided 
                under this section; and
                    (D) provide such additional information and 
                certifications as the Commission determines to be 
                essential to ensure compliance with the requirements of 
                this section.
    (c) Amount of Grant.--
            (1) In general.--The amount of a grant made to a State 
        under this section shall be equal to the product of--
                    (A) the aggregate amount made available for grants 
                to States under this section; and
                    (B) the voting age population percentage for the 
                State.
            (2) Voting age population percentage defined.--In paragraph 
        (1), the ``voting age population percentage'' for a State is 
        the quotient of--
                    (A) the voting age population of the State (as 
                determined on the basis of the most recent information 
                available from the Bureau of the Census); and
                    (B) the total voting age population of all States 
                (as determined on the basis of the most recent 
                information available from the Bureau of the Census).
    (d) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Reports by recipients of grants.--Not later than 6 
        months after the date on which the final grant is made under 
        this section, each recipient of a grant shall submit a report 
        to the Commission on the activities conducted with the funds 
        provided by the grant.
            (2) Reports by commission.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date on which the final grant is made under this section, the 
        Commission shall submit a report to Congress on the grants made 
        under this section and the activities carried out by recipients 
        with the grants, and shall include in the report such 
        recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.
    (e) Funding.--
            (1) Continuing availability of amount appropriated.--Any 
        amount appropriated to carry out this section shall remain 
        available without fiscal year limitation until expended.
            (2) Administrative expenses.--Of the amount appropriated 
        for any fiscal year to carry out this section, not more than 3 
        percent shall be available for administrative expenses of the 
        Commission.

SEC. 8913. MODEL POLL WORKER TRAINING PROGRAM.

    (a) Development of Program by Election Assistance Commission.--Not 
later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Election Assistance Commission shall develop and provide to each State 
materials for a model poll worker training program which the State may 
use to train individuals to serve as poll workers in elections for 
Federal office.
    (b) Contents of Materials.--The materials for the model poll worker 
training program developed under this section shall include materials 
to provide training with respect to the following:
            (1) The relevant provisions of the Federal laws which apply 
        to the administration of elections for Federal office in the 
        State, including the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Help 
        America Vote Act of 2002.
            (2) The provision of access to voting to individuals with 
        disabilities in a manner which preserves the dignity and 
        privacy of such individuals.
            (3) The provision of access to voting to individuals with 
        limited English language proficiency, and to individuals who 
        are members or racial or ethnic minorities, consistent with the 
        protections provided for such individuals under relevant law, 
        in a manner which preserves the dignity of such individuals.
            (4) Practical experience in the use of the voting machines 
        which will be used in the election involved, including the 
        accessibility features of such machines.
            (5) Such other election administration subjects as the 
        Commission considers appropriate to ensure that poll workers 
        are able to effectively assist with the administration of 
        elections for Federal office.

SEC. 8914. STATE DEFINED.

    In this subtitle, the term ``State'' includes the District of 
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the 
United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern 
Mariana Islands.

                 Subtitle L--Enhancement of Enforcement

SEC. 8921. ENHANCEMENT OF ENFORCEMENT OF HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT OF 2002.

    (a) Complaints; Availability of Private Right of Action.--Section 
401 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Attorney General'' and inserting 
        ``(a) In General.--The Attorney General''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(b) Filing of Complaints by Aggrieved Persons.--
            ``(1) In general.--A person who is aggrieved by a violation 
        of subtitle A or subtitle C of title III which has occurred, is 
        occurring, or is about to occur may file a written, signed, 
        notarized complaint with the Attorney General describing the 
        violation and requesting the Attorney General to take 
        appropriate action under this section. The Attorney General 
        shall immediately provide a copy of a complaint filed under the 
        previous sentence to the entity responsible for administering 
        the State-based administrative complaint procedures described 
        in section 402(a) for the State involved.
            ``(2) Response by attorney general.--The Attorney General 
        shall respond to each complaint filed under paragraph (1), in 
        accordance with procedures established by the Attorney General 
        that require responses and determinations to be made within the 
        same (or shorter) deadlines which apply to a State under the 
        State-based administrative complaint procedures described in 
        section 402(a)(2). The Attorney General shall immediately 
        provide a copy of the response made under the previous sentence 
        to the entity responsible for administering the State-based 
        administrative complaint procedures described in section 402(a) 
        for the State involved.
    ``(c) Availability of Private Right of Action.--Any person who is 
authorized to file a complaint under subsection (b)(1) (including any 
individual who seeks to enforce the individual's right to a voter-
verified paper ballot, the right to have the voter-verified paper 
ballot counted in accordance with this Act, or any other right under 
subtitles A or C of title III) may file an action under section 1979 of 
the Revised Statutes of the United States (42 U.S.C. 1983) to enforce 
the uniform and nondiscriminatory election technology and 
administration requirements under subtitle A of title III, or the 
requirements of subtitle C of title III.
    ``(d) No Effect on State Procedures.--Nothing in this section may 
be construed to affect the availability of the State-based 
administrative complaint procedures required under section 402 to any 
person filing a complaint under this subsection.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to violations occurring with respect to elections 
for Federal office held in 2020 or any succeeding year.

                 Subtitle M--Federal Election Integrity

SEC. 8931. PROHIBITION ON CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES BY CHIEF STATE ELECTION 
              ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 
319 the following new section:

 ``campaign activities by chief state election administration officials

    ``Sec. 319A.  (a) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for a chief 
State election administration official to take an active part in 
political management or in a political campaign with respect to any 
election for Federal office over which such official has supervisory 
authority.
    ``(b) Chief State Election Administration Official.--The term 
`chief State election administration official' means the highest State 
official with responsibility for the administration of Federal 
elections under State law.
    ``(c) Active Part in Political Management or in a Political 
Campaign.--The term `active part in political management or in a 
political campaign' means--
            ``(1) serving as a member of an authorized committee of a 
        candidate for Federal office;
            ``(2) the use of official authority or influence for the 
        purpose of interfering with or affecting the result of an 
        election for Federal office;
            ``(3) the solicitation, acceptance, or receipt of a 
        contribution from any person on behalf of a candidate for 
        Federal office; and
            ``(4) any other act which would be prohibited under 
        paragraph (2) or (3) of section 7323(b) of title 5, United 
        States Code, if taken by an individual to whom such paragraph 
        applies (other than any prohibition on running for public 
        office).
    ``(d) Exception for Campaigns of Official or Immediate Family 
Members.--
            ``(1) In general.--This section does not apply to a chief 
        State election administration official with respect to an 
        election for Federal office in which the official or an 
        immediate family member of the official is a candidate.
            ``(2) Immediate family member defined.--In paragraph (1), 
        the term `immediate family member' means, with respect to a 
        candidate, a father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister, 
        husband, wife, father-in-law, or mother-in-law.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to elections for Federal office held after December 
2019.

SEC. 8932. DUE PROCESS REQUIREMENTS FOR INDIVIDUALS PROPOSED TO BE 
              REMOVED FROM LIST OF ELIGIBLE VOTERS.

    (a) Internet Posting of List of Individuals Proposed To Be Removed 
From List.--Section 8 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 
(52 U.S.C. 20507) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (j) as subsection (k); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (i) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(j) Additional Due Process Requirements for Individuals Proposed 
To Be Removed From List of Eligible Voters.--
            ``(1) Internet posting of names.--On an ongoing basis, the 
        chief State election official shall post on the Internet a list 
        showing the name and address of each individual whom the State 
        intends to remove from the official list of eligible voters in 
        elections for Federal office in the State, together with 
        instructions on how an individual may challenge the proposed 
        removal of the individual's name from the list.
            ``(2) Requiring opportunity to correct record.--The State 
        may not remove any individual from the official list of 
        eligible voters in elections for Federal office in the State 
        until the expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the 
        date the chief State election official posts the individual's 
        name and address on the Internet under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Publicizing information on due process 
        requirements.--The chief State election official shall 
        disseminate information to the general public regarding the 
        Internet posting of names and addresses under paragraph (1) and 
        the opportunity for individuals to correct records under 
        paragraph (2), including by sending information to media 
        outlets in the State and by preparing information for 
        distribution and display by offices of the State motor vehicle 
        authority.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to elections for Federal office held during 2020 or 
any succeeding year.

SEC. 8933. MANDATORY RESPONSE BY ATTORNEY GENERAL TO ALLEGATIONS OF 
              VOTER INTIMIDATION OR SUPPRESSION BY LAW ENFORCEMENT 
              OFFICERS AND OTHER GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS.

    (a) Mandatory Response to Allegations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after receiving an 
        allegation described in subsection (b) from any person, the 
        Attorney General shall--
                    (A) initiate an investigation of the allegation; or
                    (B) provide the person with a written statement 
                that the Attorney General will not investigate the 
                allegation, and include in the statement the Attorney 
                General's reasons for not investigating the allegation.
            (2) Special rule for allegations received within 30 days of 
        election.--If the Attorney General receives an allegation 
        described in subsection (b) during the 30-day period which ends 
        on the date of an election for Federal office, the Attorney 
        General shall meet the requirements of paragraph (1) not later 
        than 48 hours after receiving the allegation.
    (b) Allegations Described.--An allegation described in this 
subsection is--
            (1) an allegation that a law enforcement officer or other 
        official of a State or local government has intimidated, 
        threatened, or coerced, or attempted to intimidate, threaten, 
        or coerce, any individual for voting, or for attempting to 
        vote, in an election for Federal office; or
            (2) an allegation that an election official of a State or 
        local government has engaged or has attempted to engage in 
        voter suppression activity.

            Subtitle N--Election Day as Legal Public Holiday

SEC. 8941. TREATMENT OF ELECTION DAY IN SAME MANNER AS LEGAL PUBLIC 
              HOLIDAY FOR PURPOSES OF FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT.

    (a) In General.--For purposes of any law relating to Federal 
employment, the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November in 2020 
and each even-numbered year thereafter shall be treated in the same 
manner as a legal public holiday described in section 6103 of title 5, 
United States Code.
    (b) Sense of Congress Regarding Treatment of Day by Private 
Employers.--It is the sense of Congress that private employers in the 
United States should give their employees a day off on the Tuesday next 
after the first Monday in November in 2020 and each even-numbered year 
thereafter to enable the employees to cast votes in the elections held 
on that day.
    (c) No Effect on Early or Absentee Voting.--Nothing in this section 
shall be construed to affect the authority of States to permit 
individuals to cast ballots in elections for Federal office prior to 
the date of the election (including the casting of ballots by mail) or 
to cast absentee ballots in the election.

         Subtitle O--Other Election Administration Improvements

SEC. 8951. REQUIREMENTS FOR AVAILABILITY OF SUFFICIENT POLLING PLACES, 
              EQUIPMENT, AND RESOURCES.

    (a) Requiring States To Meet Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III 
of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as 
amended by section 8121(a), section 8201(a), and section 8801(a), is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 308 and 309 as sections 309 
        and 310; and
            (2) by inserting after section 307 the following new 
        section:

``SEC. 308. AVAILABILITY OF SUFFICIENT POLLING PLACES, EQUIPMENT, AND 
              RESOURCES.

    ``(a) In General.--In accordance with the standards established 
under subsection (b), each State shall provide for--
            ``(1) an appropriate number and geographic distribution of 
        voting sites on the day of any election for Federal office and 
        on any days during which such State allows early voting in such 
        elections; and
            ``(2) the minimum required number of voting systems and 
        other election resources (including all other voting equipment 
        and supplies) for each such voting site.
    ``(b) Standards.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than June 30, 2019, the 
        Commission shall conduct a study and, on the basis of the 
        findings of the study, issue standards for States to follow in 
        establishing an appropriate number and geographic distribution 
        of voting sites in elections for Federal office on the day of 
        any Federal election and on any days during which the State 
        allows early voting in such elections, and in providing for the 
        minimum number of voting systems and other election resources 
        (including all other voting equipment and supplies) for each 
        such voting site.
            ``(2) Distribution.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The standards described in 
                paragraph (1) shall provide for a uniform and 
                nondiscriminatory distribution of such sites, systems, 
                and other resources, and, to the extent possible, shall 
                take into account, among other factors, the following:
                            ``(i) The voting age population.
                            ``(ii) Voter turnout in past elections.
                            ``(iii) The number of voters registered.
                            ``(iv) The number of voters who have 
                        registered since the most recent Federal 
                        election.
                            ``(v) Census data for the population served 
                        by each voting site.
                            ``(vi) The educational levels and 
                        socioeconomic factors of the population served 
                        by each voting site.
                            ``(vii) The needs and numbers of voters 
                        with disabilities and voters with limited 
                        English proficiency.
                            ``(viii) The type of voting systems used.
                    ``(B) No factor dispositive.--The standards shall 
                provide that the distribution of voting sites, systems, 
                and resources should take into account the totality of 
                all relevant factors, and no single factor shall be 
                dispositive under the standards.
                    ``(C) Purpose.--To the extent possible, the 
                standards shall provide for a distribution of voting 
                sites, systems, and resources with the goals of--
                            ``(i) ensuring a fair and equitable waiting 
                        time for all voters in the State; and
                            ``(ii) preventing a waiting time of over 1 
                        hour at any voting site.
            ``(3) Deviation.--The standards described in paragraph (1) 
        shall permit States, upon giving reasonable public notice, to 
        deviate from any allocation requirements in the case of 
        unforeseen circumstances such as a natural disaster or 
        terrorist attack.
    ``(c) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to 
elections held on or after January 1, 2020.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 308 and 
        309 as relating to sections 309 and 310; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 307 the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 308. Availability of sufficient polling places, equipment, and 
                            resources.''.

SEC. 8952. TREATMENT OF UNIVERSITIES AS VOTER REGISTRATION AGENCIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 7(a) of the National Voter Registration 
Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20506(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph 
                (A);
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of 
                subparagraph (B) and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(C) each institution of higher education (as 
                defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) in the State that receives 
                Federal funds.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (6)(A), by inserting ``or, in the case of 
        an institution of higher education, with each registration of a 
        student for enrollment in a course of study'' after 
        ``assistance,''.
    (b) Amendment to Higher Education Act of 1965.--Section 487(a) of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)) is amended by 
striking paragraph (23).
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2020.

SEC. 8953. REQUIRING STATES TO ACCEPT STUDENT IDENTIFICATIONS FOR 
              PURPOSES OF MEETING VOTER IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Acceptance of Student Identifications.--Title III of the Help 
America Vote Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 15481 et seq.) is amended by 
inserting after section 303 the following new section:

``SEC. 303A. REQUIRING ACCEPTANCE OF STUDENT PHOTO IDENTIFICATION AS 
              CURRENT AND VALID PHOTO IDENTIFICATION.

    ``(a) Acceptance of Student Identifications.--A State or local 
election official shall accept a current and valid student photo 
identification issued by an institution of higher education to a 
student attending such institution of higher education as a current and 
valid photo identification for purposes of section 303(b)(2) or of any 
State or local law which requires an individual to produce a current 
and valid photo identification to obtain a ballot or vote in an 
election for Federal office.
    ``(b) Definition.--In this section, the term `institution of higher 
education' has the meaning given such term in section 101 of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001), except that such term includes 
a proprietary institution of higher education described in section 
102(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1002(b)).''.
    (b) Enforcement.--Section 401 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 15511) is 
amended by striking ``and 303'' and inserting ``303, and 303A''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 303 the 
following new item:

``Sec. 303A. Requiring acceptance of student photo identification as 
                            current and valid photo identification.''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply with respect to elections occurring on or after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 8954. MINIMUM NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR VOTERS AFFECTED BY 
              POLLING PLACE CHANGES.

    (a) Requirements.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 
(52 U.S.C. 21082), as amended by section 8701(a), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (e) the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(f) Minimum Notification Requirements for Voters Affected by 
Polling Place Changes.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a State assigns an individual who is 
        a registered voter in a State to a polling place with respect 
        to an election for Federal office which is not the same polling 
        place to which the individual was previously assigned with 
        respect to the most recent election for Federal office in the 
        State in which the individual was eligible to vote--
                    ``(A) the State shall notify the individual of the 
                location of the polling place not later than 7 days 
                before the date of the election; or
                    ``(B) if the State makes such an assignment fewer 
                than 7 days before the date of the election and the 
                individual appears on the date of the election at the 
                polling place to which the individual was previously 
                assigned, the State shall make every reasonable effort 
                to enable the individual to vote on the date of the 
                election.
            ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with 
        respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2020.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 
21082(f)), as redesignated by subsection (a) and as amended by section 
8701(b), is amended by striking ``(d)(2) and (e)(2)'' and inserting 
``(d)(2), (e)(2), and (f)(2)''.

SEC. 8955. VOTER INFORMATION RESPONSE SYSTEMS AND HOTLINE.

    (a) Establishment and Operation of Systems and Services.--
            (1) State-based response systems.--The Attorney General 
        shall coordinate the establishment of a State-based response 
        system for responding to questions and complaints from 
        individuals voting or seeking to vote, or registering to vote 
        or seeking to register to vote, in elections for Federal 
        office. Such system shall provide--
                    (A) State-specific, same-day, and immediate 
                assistance to such individuals, including information 
                on how to register to vote, the location and hours of 
                operation of polling places, and how to obtain absentee 
                ballots; and
                    (B) State-specific, same-day, and immediate 
                assistance to individuals encountering problems with 
                registering to vote or voting, including individuals 
                encountering intimidation or deceptive practices.
            (2) Hotline.--The Attorney General, in consultation with 
        State election officials, shall establish and operate a toll-
        free telephone service, using a telephone number that is 
        accessible throughout the United States and that uses easily 
        identifiable numerals, through which individuals throughout the 
        United States--
                    (A) may connect directly to the State-based 
                response system described in paragraph (1) with respect 
                to the State involved;
                    (B) may obtain information on voting in elections 
                for Federal office, including information on how to 
                register to vote in such elections, the locations and 
                hours of operation of polling places, and how to obtain 
                absentee ballots; and
                    (C) may report information to the Attorney General 
                on problems encountered in registering to vote or 
                voting, including incidences of voter intimidation or 
                suppression.
            (3) Collaboration with state and local election 
        officials.--
                    (A) Collection of information from states.--The 
                Attorney General shall coordinate the collection of 
                information on State and local election laws and 
                policies, including information on the Statewide 
                computerized voter registration lists maintained under 
                title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002, so that 
                individuals who contact the free telephone service 
                established under paragraph (2) on the date of an 
                election for Federal office may receive an immediate 
                response on that day.
                    (B) Forwarding questions and complaints to 
                states.--If an individual contacts the free telephone 
                service established under paragraph (2) on the date of 
                an election for Federal office with a question or 
                complaint with respect to a particular State or 
                jurisdiction within a State, the Attorney General shall 
                forward the question or complaint immediately to the 
                appropriate election official of the State or 
                jurisdiction so that the official may answer the 
                question or remedy the complaint on that date.
            (4) Consultation requirements for development of systems 
        and services.--The Attorney General shall ensure that the 
        State-based response system under paragraph (1) and the free 
        telephone service under paragraph (2) are each developed in 
        consultation with civil rights organizations, voting rights 
        groups, State and local election officials, voter protection 
        groups, and other interested community organizations, 
        especially those that have experience in the operation of 
        similar systems and services.
    (b) Use of Service by Individuals With Disabilities and Individuals 
With Limited English Language Proficiency.--The Attorney General shall 
design and operate the telephone service established under this section 
in a manner that ensures that individuals with disabilities and 
individuals with limited proficiency in the English language are fully 
able to use the service.
    (c) Voter Hotline Task Force.--
            (1) Appointment by attorney general.--The Attorney General 
        shall appoint individuals (in such number as the Attorney 
        General considers appropriate but in no event fewer than 3) to 
        serve on a Voter Hotline Task Force to provide ongoing analysis 
        and assessment of the operation of the telephone service 
        established under this section, and shall give special 
        consideration in making appointments to the Task Force to 
        individuals who represent civil rights organizations. At least 
        one member of the Task Force shall be a representative of an 
        organization promoting voting rights or civil rights which has 
        experience in the operation of similar telephone services or in 
        protecting the rights of individuals to vote, especially 
        individuals who are members or racial minorities or of 
        communities who have been adversely affected by efforts to 
        suppress voting rights.
            (2) Eligibility.--An individual shall be eligible to serve 
        on the Task Force under this subsection if the individual meets 
        such criteria as the Attorney General may establish, except 
        that an individual may not serve on the task force if the 
        individual has been convicted of any criminal offense relating 
        to voter intimidation or voter suppression.
            (3) Term of service.--An individual appointed to the Task 
        Force shall serve a single term of 2 years, except that the 
        initial terms of the members first appointed to the Task Force 
        shall be staggered so that there are at least 3 individuals 
        serving on the Task Force during each year. A vacancy in the 
        membership of the Task Force shall be filled in the same manner 
        as the original appointment.
            (4) No compensation for service.--Members of the Task Force 
        shall serve without pay, but shall receive travel expenses, 
        including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with 
        applicable provisions under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 
        5, United States Code.
    (d) Bi-Annual Report to Congress.--Not later than March 1 of each 
odd-numbered year, the Attorney General shall submit a report to 
Congress on the operation of the telephone service established under 
this section during the previous 2 years, and shall include in the 
report--
            (1) an enumeration of the number and type of calls that 
        were received by the service;
            (2) a compilation and description of the reports made to 
        the service by individuals citing instances of voter 
        intimidation or suppression;
            (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of the service in 
        making information available to all households in the United 
        States with telephone service;
            (4) any recommendations developed by the Task Force 
        established under subsection (c) with respect to how voting 
        systems may be maintained or upgraded to better accommodate 
        voters and better ensure the integrity of elections, including 
        but not limited to identifying how to eliminate coordinated 
        voter suppression efforts and how to establish effective 
        mechanisms for distributing updates on changes to voting 
        requirements; and
            (5) any recommendations on best practices for the State-
        based response systems established under subsection (a)(1).
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        to the Attorney General for fiscal year 2019 and each 
        succeeding fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to carry 
        out this section.
            (2) Set-aside for outreach.--Of the amounts appropriated to 
        carry out this Act for a fiscal year pursuant to the 
        authorization under paragraph (1), not less than 15 percent 
        shall be used for outreach activities to make the public aware 
        of the availability of the telephone service established under 
        this section, with an emphasis on outreach to individuals with 
        disabilities and individuals with limited proficiency in the 
        English language.

SEC. 8956. REAUTHORIZATION OF ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION.

    Section 210 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20930) 
is amended by striking ``for each of the fiscal years 2003 through 
2005'' and inserting ``for each of the fiscal years 2019 through 
2024''.

SEC. 8957. APPLICATION OF LAWS TO COMMONWEALTH OF NORTHERN MARIANA 
              ISLANDS.

    (a) National Voter Registration Act of 1993.--Section 3(4) of the 
National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20502(4)) is amended 
by striking ``States and the District of Columbia'' and inserting 
``States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands''.
    (b) Help America Vote Act of 2002.--
            (1) In general.--Section 901 of the Help America Vote Act 
        of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21141) is amended by striking ``and the 
        United States Virgin Islands'' and inserting ``the United 
        States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern 
        Mariana Islands''.
            (2) Conforming amendment relating to minimum amount of 
        requirements payment to territories.--Section 252(c)(2) of such 
        Act (52 U.S.C. 21002(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``or the 
        United States Virgin Islands'' and inserting ``the United 
        States Virgin Islands, or the Commonwealth of the Northern 
        Mariana Islands''.

SEC. 8958. REPEAL OF EXEMPTION OF ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION FROM 
              CERTAIN GOVERNMENT CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 205 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 
(52 U.S.C. 20925) is amended by striking subsection (e).
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to contracts entered into by the Election Assistance 
Commission on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 8959. PERMITTING ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION TO EXERCISE 
              RULEMAKING AUTHORITY.

    (a) Rulemaking Authority.--The Help America Vote Act of 2002 is 
amended by striking section 209 (52 U.S.C. 20929).
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 209.

SEC. 8960. NO EFFECT ON OTHER LAWS.

    (a) In General.--Except as specifically provided, nothing in this 
subtitle may be construed to authorize or require conduct prohibited 
under any of the following laws, or to supersede, restrict, or limit 
the application of such laws:
            (1) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et 
        seq.).
            (2) The Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and 
        Handicapped Act (52 U.S.C. 20101 et seq.).
            (3) The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act 
        (52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.).
            (4) The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 
        20501 et seq.).
            (5) The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
        12101 et seq.).
            (6) The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 701 et seq.).
    (b) No Effect on Preclearance or Other Requirements Under Voting 
Rights Act.--The approval by any person of a payment or grant 
application under this subtitle, or any other action taken by any 
person under this subtitle, shall not be considered to have any effect 
on requirements for preclearance under section 5 of the Voting Rights 
Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10304) or any other requirements of such Act.

                        TITLE IX--PRISON REFORM

SEC. 9001. ELIMINATION OF FEDERAL CONTRACTS FOR PRIVATELY RUN PRISONS 
              WITHIN 3 YEARS.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``facility housing adult 
prisoners or detainees in the custody of the Federal Government'' does 
not include a community correctional facility or the residence of an 
individual on home confinement, as described in section 3624(c) of 
title 18, United States Code.
    (b) Operational Control.--Except as provided in subsection (c), not 
later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act--
            (1) each facility housing adult prisoners or detainees in 
        the custody of the Federal Government shall be under the 
        direct, operational control of the Federal Government; and
            (2) core correctional services at each such facility shall 
        be performed by employees of the Federal Government.
    (c) Waiver Authorized.--If the Attorney General determines that the 
Federal Government is unable to comply with subsection (b) by the date 
that is 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney 
General may waive the application of subsection (b) for not more than 1 
year.

SEC. 9002. PROHIBITION ON PRIVATE ENTITIES RUNNING PRISONS HOUSING 
              STATE AND LOCAL PRISONERS AFTER 3 YEARS.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``facility housing adult 
prisoners or detainees in the custody of a State or local government'' 
does not include a community treatment center, halfway house, 
restitution center, mental health facility, alcohol or drug 
rehabilitation center, or other community facility that is not within 
the confines of a jail or prison.
    (b) Operational Control.--Except as provided in subsection (c), on 
and after the date that is 2 years after the date of enactment of this 
Act--
            (1) no private entity engaged in or affecting interstate 
        commerce shall own or have direct, operational control over a 
        facility housing adult prisoners or detainees in the custody of 
        the State or local government; and
            (2) no private entity engaged in or affecting interstate 
        commerce shall perform core correctional services at such a 
        facility.
    (c) Waiver Authorized.--If the Attorney General determines that a 
State or local government requires services from a private entity that 
are described in subsection (b) after the date that is 2 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General may waive the 
application of subsection (b) as to that private entity for not more 
than 1 year.
    (d) Enforcement.--The Attorney General may bring a civil action in 
an appropriate district court of the United States for such declaratory 
or injunctive relief as is necessary to carry out this section.

SEC. 9003. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT APPLICABLE FOR CONTRACT PRISONS.

    (a) In General.--Records relating to the operation of a Contract 
Facility, and to prisoners held in Contract Facilities, that are in the 
possession of an applicable entity shall be subject to section 552 of 
title 5, United States Code (popularly known as the Freedom of 
Information Act), in the same manner as records maintained by a Federal 
agency operating a Federal prison or other Federal detention facility 
would be subject to such section of title 5, including--
            (1) the duty to release information about the operation of 
        the non-Federal prison or detention facility; and
            (2) the applicability of the exceptions and exemptions 
        available under such section.
    (b) Regulations.--A Federal agency that contracts with, or provides 
funds to, an applicable entity to incarcerate or detain Federal 
prisoners in a non-Federal prison or detention facility shall 
promulgate regulations or guidance to ensure compliance by the 
applicable entity with subsection (a).
    (c) No Federal Funds for Compliance.--No Federal funds may be used 
to assist applicable entities with compliance with this section or 
section 552 of title 5, United States Code.
    (d) Civil Action.--Any party aggrieved by a violation of section 
552 of title 5, United States Code, by an applicable entity, as such 
section is applicable to such an entity in accordance with subsection 
(a), may, in a civil action, obtain appropriate relief, including an 
award under subsection (a)(4)(E) of section 552 of such title 5, 
against the applicable entity for the violation.
    (e) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Applicable entity.--The term ``applicable entity'' 
        means--
                    (A) a nongovernmental entity that directly or 
                indirectly contracts with or receives funds from the 
                Federal Government to incarcerate or detain Federal 
                prisoners in a Contract Facility; or
                    (B) a State or local governmental entity with a 
                contract or intergovernmental service agreement with 
                the Federal Government to incarcerate or detain Federal 
                prisoners in a Contract Facility.
            (2) Contract facility.--The term ``Contract Facility'' 
        means a prison or other correctional or detention facility that 
        is--
                    (A) owned or operated by a nongovernmental entity, 
                a State, or a local government; and
                    (B) incarcerates or detains Federal prisoners 
                pursuant to a contract or intergovernmental agreement 
                to which any Federal agency is a party.
            (3) Federal prisoner.--The term ``Federal prisoner'' means 
        any person incarcerated, detained, or otherwise held under the 
        custody, authority, or jurisdiction of any Federal agency or 
        department.

SEC. 9004. RESTRICTIONS ON THE PROVISION OF INMATE TELEPHONE AND VIDEO 
              SERVICE.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 226(a) of the Communications Act of 1934 
(47 U.S.C. 226(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(10) The term `ancillary fee' includes any charge or fee 
        that is imposed on a user of inmate telephone and video service 
        in addition to the per-minute rate and connection charge.
            ``(11) The term `collect' or `collect call' means a 
        telephone call or video call from a person incarcerated in a 
        correctional institution that is billed to the subscriber 
        receiving the call.
            ``(12) The term `commission' means a fee or other payment 
        by a provider of inmate telephone and video service to an 
        administrator of a correctional institution, department of 
        correction, or similar entity, based upon, or partly upon, 
        inmate telephone and video service revenue.
            ``(13) The term `debit account' means the payment of inmate 
        telephone and video service through a prepaid card or other 
        account of a prisoner, which can be accessed only through an 
        access code, personal identification number, or similar 
        identifier.
            ``(14) The term `inmate telephone and video service' 
        includes the provision of telephone and video service enabling 
        persons incarcerated in correctional institutions to originate 
        calls at payphones, telephones, or video kiosks that are 
        designated for the personal use of prisoners, regardless of 
        whether the calls are collect, paid through a debit account, or 
        paid through any other means.
            ``(15) The term `provider of inmate telephone and video 
        service' means any common carrier that provides inmate 
        telephone and video service or any other person determined by 
        the Commission to be providing inmate telephone and video 
        service.''.
    (b) Regulations.--Section 226 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 
U.S.C. 226) is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (k); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (h) the following:
    ``(i) Regulation of Inmate Telephone and Video Service.--
            ``(1) In general.--In order to ensure that charges for 
        inmate telephone and video service are just, reasonable, and 
        nondiscriminatory, not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Justice is Not For Sale Act of 2017, the 
        Commission shall adopt regulations on the use of inmate 
        telephone and video service that--
                    ``(A) prescribe a maximum uniform per-minute 
                compensation rate;
                    ``(B) prescribe a maximum uniform service 
                connection or other per-call compensation rate;
                    ``(C) prescribe variable maximum compensation rates 
                depending on such factors as carrier costs, the size of 
                the correctional facility served, and other relevant 
                factors identified by the Commission;
                    ``(D) require providers of inmate telephone and 
                video service to offer both collect calling and debit 
                account services;
                    ``(E) address the payment of commissions by 
                providers of inmate telephone and video service to 
                administrators of correctional institutions, 
                departments of correction, and similar entities by--
                            ``(i) prohibiting such payments; or
                            ``(ii) limiting commission payments;
                    ``(F) require administrators of correctional 
                institutions, departments of correction, and similar 
                entities to allow more than 1 provider of inmate 
                telephone and video service to provide inmate telephone 
                and video service at a correctional institution so that 
                prisoners have a choice of such providers; and
                    ``(G) prohibit or substantially limit any ancillary 
                fees imposed by a provider of inmate telephone and 
                video service on a user of the service.
            ``(2) Scope.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The regulations adopted by the 
                Commission under this subsection--
                            ``(i) shall be technologically neutral; and
                            ``(ii) shall not jeopardize legitimate 
                        security and penological interests.
                    ``(B) Impact on revenue.--To the extent the 
                regulations adopted by the Commission under this 
                subsection reduce or eliminate the revenue derived by 
                administrators of correctional institutions, 
                departments of correction, and similar entities from 
                the receipt of commissions, such effects of the 
                regulations shall not be considered to be jeopardizing 
                or otherwise affecting legitimate security or 
                penological interests.
            ``(3) Periodic review.--The Commission shall review, on a 
        biennial basis, the regulations adopted under this subsection, 
        including to determine whether any compensation rates 
        established by the Commission should be modified.
            ``(4) State preemption.--To the extent that any State, 
        local government, or private correctional facility requirements 
        are inconsistent with the regulations of the Commission 
        affecting or pertaining to inmate telephone and video service, 
        including restrictions on the payment of commissions based upon 
        inmate telephone and video service revenues or earnings, the 
        regulations of the Commission on such matters shall preempt the 
        State, local government, or private correctional facility 
        requirements.
    ``(j) Inmate Telephone and Video Service Fully Subject to Sections 
201, 205, 251, 252, and 276.--
            ``(1) In general.--Inmate telephone and video service shall 
        be fully subject to the requirements of sections 201, 205, 251, 
        252, and 276.
            ``(2) Restriction.--A provider of inmate telephone and 
        video service may not block or otherwise refuse to carry a call 
        placed by an incarcerated person on the grounds that the 
        provider has no contractual or other arrangement with the local 
        exchange carrier serving the intended recipient of the call or 
        other common carrier involved in any portion of the 
        transmission of the call.''.

SEC. 9005. FEDERAL PRISONER REENTRY INITIATIVE REAUTHORIZATION; 
              MODIFICATION OF IMPOSED TERM OF IMPRISONMENT.

    (a) Federal Prisoner Reentry Initiative.--Section 231 of the Second 
Chance Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17541) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(B) by inserting after ``the 
                Attorney General may'' the following: ``, upon written 
                request from the Director of the Bureau of Prisons or 
                an eligible elderly offender,'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``carried out 
                during fiscal years 2009 and 2010'' and inserting 
                ``carried out during fiscal years 2018 through 2022''; 
                and
                    (C) in paragraph (5)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``65 years'' 
                        and inserting ``60 years''; and
                            (ii) by amending clause (ii) to read as 
                        follows:
                            ``(ii) who is serving a term of 
                        imprisonment that is not based on a conviction 
                        for an offense described in section 
                        102(e)(2)(C) of the Prison Reform and 
                        Redemption Act, and has served not less than 
                        \2/3\ of the term of imprisonment to which the 
                        offender was sentenced;'';
            (2) by striking subsection (h);
            (3) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (h); and
            (4) in subsection (h), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``2009 and 2010'' and inserting ``2018 through 2022''.
    (b) Modification of Imposed Term of Imprisonment.--Section 
3582(c)(1)(A) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting after 
        ``Director of the Bureau of Prisons'' the following: ``or, if 
        the Director does not make such a motion 30 days after 
        receiving a request to make such a motion from the defendant, 
        of the defendant''; and
            (2) in clause (ii), by inserting after ``the Director of 
        the Bureau of Prisons'' the following: ``, or the court in the 
        case that the court is considering a motion of the defendant''.

SEC. 9006. REINSTATEMENT OF PAROLE.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 229 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

                         ``subchapter d--parole

``Sec.
``3631. Definitions.
``3632. Powers and duties of the Commission.
``3633. Powers and duties of the Chairperson.
``3634. Time of eligibility for release on parole.
``3635. Parole determination criteria.
``3636. Information considered.
``3637. Parole determination proceeding; time.
``3638. Conditions of parole.
``3639. Jurisdiction of Commission.
``3640. Early termination of parole.
``3641. Aliens.
``3642. Summons to appear or warrant for retaking of parolee.
``3643. Revocation of parole.
``3644. Reconsideration and appeal.
``3645. Young adult offenders.
``3646. Applicability of Administrative Procedure Act.

                         ``Subchapter D--Parole

``Sec. 3631. Definitions
    ``In this subchapter--
            ``(1) the term `Chairperson' means the Chairperson of the 
        Commission;
            ``(2) the term `Commission' means the United States Parole 
        Commission;
            ``(3) the term `Commissioner' means any member of the 
        Commission;
            ``(4) the term `Director' means the Director of the Bureau 
        of Prisons;
            ``(5) the term `eligible prisoner' means any Federal 
        prisoner who is eligible for parole under this title or any 
        other law, including any Federal prisoner whose parole has been 
        revoked and who is not otherwise ineligible for parole;
            ``(6) the term `parolee' means any eligible prisoner who 
        has been released on parole or deemed as if released on parole 
        under section 3626(b)(5) or section 3634(a)(2); and
            ``(7) the term `rules and regulations' means rules and 
        regulations promulgated by the Commission under section 3632 
        and section 553 of title 5.
``Sec. 3632. Powers and duties of the Commission
    ``(a) In General.--The Commission shall meet at least quarterly, 
and by majority vote shall--
            ``(1) promulgate rules and regulations establishing 
        guidelines for the powers enumerated in subsection (b) and such 
        other rules and regulations as are necessary to carry out a 
        national parole policy and the purposes of this subchapter;
            ``(2) create such regions as are necessary to carry out 
        this subchapter, but in no event less than 5; and
            ``(3) ratify, revise, or deny any request for regular, 
        supplemental, or deficiency appropriations, before the 
        submission of the requests to the Office of Management and 
        Budget by the Chairperson, which requests shall be separate 
        from those of any other agency in the Department of Justice.
    ``(b) Powers Relating to Parole.--The Commission, by majority vote, 
and in accordance with the procedures set out in this subchapter, shall 
have the power to--
            ``(1) grant or deny an application or recommendation to 
        parole any eligible prisoner;
            ``(2) impose reasonable conditions on an order granting 
        parole;
            ``(3) modify or revoke an order paroling any eligible 
        prisoner; and
            ``(4) request probation officers and other individuals, 
        organizations, and public or private agencies to perform such 
        duties with respect to any parolee as the Commission determines 
        necessary--
                    ``(A) for maintaining proper supervision of and 
                assistance to such parolees; and
                    ``(B) so as to assure that no probation officers, 
                individuals, organizations, or agencies shall bear 
                excessive caseloads.
    ``(c) Delegation.--The Commission, by majority vote, and in 
accordance with rules and regulations--
            ``(1) may delegate to one or more Commissioners powers 
        enumerated in subsection (b);
            ``(2) may delegate to hearing examiners any powers 
        necessary to conduct hearings and proceedings, take sworn 
        testimony, obtain and make a record of pertinent information, 
        make findings of probable cause and issue subpoenas for 
        witnesses or evidence in parole revocation proceedings, and 
        recommend disposition of any matters enumerated in subsection 
        (b), except that any such findings or recommendations shall be 
        based upon the concurrence of not less than 2 hearing 
        examiners;
            ``(3) may delegate authority to conduct hearings held under 
        section 3643 to any officer or employee of the executive or 
        judicial branch of Federal or State government;
            ``(4) may review, or may delegate to the National Appeals 
        Board the power to review, any decision made under paragraph 
        (1), which shall be reaffirmed, modified, or reversed not later 
        than 30 days after the date the decision is rendered; and
            ``(5) shall provide written notice to the individual to 
        whom a decision described in paragraph (4) applies of the 
        Commission's actions with respect thereto and the reasons for 
        such actions.
    ``(d) Policymaking.--Except as otherwise provided by law, any 
action taken by the Commission under subsection (a) shall be taken by a 
majority vote of all individuals currently holding office as members of 
the Commission which shall maintain and make available for public 
inspection a record of the final vote of each member on statements of 
policy and interpretations adopted by it. In so acting, each 
Commissioner shall have equal responsibility and authority, shall have 
full access to all information relating to the performance of such 
duties and responsibilities, and shall have 1 vote.
``Sec. 3633. Powers and duties of the Chairperson
    ``(a) In General.--The Chairperson shall--
            ``(1) convene and preside at meetings of the Commission 
        under section 3632 and such additional meetings of the 
        Commission as the Chairperson may call or as may be requested 
        in writing by at least 3 Commissioners;
            ``(2) appoint, fix the compensation of, assign, and 
        supervise all personnel employed by the Commission except 
        that--
                    ``(A) the appointment of any hearing examiner shall 
                be subject to approval of the Commission within the 
                first year of such hearing examiner's employment; and
                    ``(B) regional Commissioners shall appoint and 
                supervise such personnel employed regularly and full 
                time in their respective regions as are compensated at 
                a rate up to and including level GS-9 of the General 
                Schedule;
            ``(3) assign duties among officers and employees of the 
        Commission, including Commissioners, so as to balance the 
        workload and provide for orderly administration;
            ``(4) direct the preparation of requests for appropriations 
        for the Commission, and the use of funds made available to the 
        Commission;
            ``(5) designate 3 Commissioners to serve on the National 
        Appeals Board, 1 whom shall be designated to serve as Vice 
        Chairperson of the Commission (who shall act as Chairperson of 
        the Commission in the absence or disability of the Chairperson 
        or in the event of a vacancy in the position of Chairperson);
            ``(6) designate, for each region established under section 
        3632(a)(2), 1 Commissioner to serve as regional Commissioner in 
        each such region, except that--
                    ``(A) in each such designation the Chairperson 
                shall consider years of service, personal preference, 
                and fitness; and
                    ``(B) no such designation shall take effect unless 
                concurred in by the President;
            ``(7) serve as spokesperson for the Commission and report 
        annually to each House of Congress on the activities of the 
        Commission; and
            ``(8) exercise such other powers and duties and perform 
        such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the 
        purposes of this subchapter or as may be provided under any 
        other provision of law.
    ``(b) Other Authorities.--The Chairperson shall have the power to--
            ``(1) without regard to subsections (a) and (b) of section 
        3324 of title 31, enter into and perform such contracts, 
        leases, cooperative agreements, and other transactions as may 
        be necessary in the conduct of the functions of the Commission 
        with any public agency or with any person, firm, association, 
        corporation, educational institution, or nonprofit 
        organization;
            ``(2) accept voluntary and uncompensated services, 
        notwithstanding section 1342 of title 31;
            ``(3) procure for the Commission temporary and intermittent 
        services to the same extent as is authorized by section 3109(b) 
        of title 5;
            ``(4) collect systematically the data obtained from 
        studies, research, and the empirical experience of public and 
        private agencies concerning the parole process;
            ``(5) carry out programs of research concerning the parole 
        process to develop classification systems which describe types 
        of offenders, and to develop theories and practices which can 
        be applied to the different types of offenders;
            ``(6) publish data concerning the parole process;
            ``(7) devise and conduct, in various geographical 
        locations, seminars, workshops, and training programs providing 
        continuing studies and instruction for personnel of Federal, 
        State, and local agencies and private and public organizations 
        working with parolees and connected with the parole process; 
        and
            ``(8) use the services, equipment, personnel, information, 
        facilities, and instrumentalities with or without reimbursement 
        therefor of other Federal, State, local, and private agencies 
        with their consent.
    ``(c) Consistency With National Parole Policies.--In carrying out 
the functions under this section, the Chairperson shall be governed by 
the national parole policies promulgated by the Commission.
``Sec. 3634. Time of eligibility for release on parole
    ``(a) Eligibility.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except to the extent otherwise provided 
        by law--
                    ``(A) a prisoner confined and serving a definite 
                term or terms of imprisonment of more than 1 year shall 
                be eligible for release on parole after serving 33.3 
                percent of such term or terms; and
                    ``(B) a prisoner confined and serving a life 
                sentence shall be eligible for release on parole after 
                serving 10 years.
            ``(2) Terms of less than 1 year.--Any prisoner sentenced to 
        imprisonment for a term or terms of not less than 6 months, and 
        not more than 1 year, shall be released at the expiration of 
        such sentence, unless the court which imposed sentence shall, 
        at the time of sentencing, provide for the prisoner's release 
        after service of 33.3 percent of such term or terms, which 
        shall be deemed to be as if released on parole. This paragraph 
        shall not prevent delivery of any person released on parole to 
        the authorities of any State otherwise entitled to custody of 
        the person.
    ``(b) Determinations by Court.--Upon entering a judgment of 
conviction, the court having jurisdiction to impose sentence, when in 
its opinion the ends of justice and best interest of the public require 
that the defendant be sentenced to imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 
year, may--
            ``(1) designate in the sentence of imprisonment imposed a 
        minimum term at the expiration of which the defendant shall 
        become eligible for parole, which term may not be more than 
        33.3 percent of the maximum sentence imposed by the court; or
            ``(2) fix the maximum sentence of imprisonment to be served 
        by the defendant, in which event the court may specify that the 
        defendant may be released on parole at such time as the 
        Commission may determine.
    ``(c) Additional Information.--
            ``(1) In general.--If the court desires more detailed 
        information as a basis for determining the sentence to be 
        imposed, the court may commit the defendant to the custody of 
        the Attorney General, which commitment shall be deemed to be 
        for the maximum sentence of imprisonment prescribed by law, for 
        a study as described in subsection (d).
            ``(2) Report and recommendations of director.--Not later 
        than 3 months after a defendant is committed under paragraph 
        (1), unless the court grants additional time, not to exceed 3 
        months, for further study, the results of the study described 
        in subsection (d), together with any recommendations which the 
        Director believes would be helpful in determining the 
        disposition of the case, shall be furnished to the court.
            ``(3) Sentencing after additional information.--After 
        receiving a report and recommendations under paragraph (2), the 
        court may in its discretion--
                    ``(A) place the offender on probation in accordance 
                with subchapter A; or
                    ``(B)(i)(I) affirm the sentence of imprisonment 
                originally deemed to be imposed; or
                    ``(II) reduce the sentence of imprisonment; and
                    ``(ii) commit the offender under any applicable 
                provision of law.
            ``(4) Running of term.--The term of a sentence imposed 
        under paragraph (3) shall run from the date of original 
        commitment under this subsection.
    ``(d) Study Upon Commitment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon commitment of a prisoner sentenced 
        to imprisonment under subsection (a) or (b), the Director, 
        under such regulations as the Attorney General may prescribe, 
        shall cause a complete study to be made of the prisoner and 
        shall furnish to the Commission a summary report together with 
        any recommendations which in the opinion of the Director would 
        be helpful in determining the suitability of the prisoner for 
        parole.
            ``(2) Contents.--A report under paragraph (1) may include--
                    ``(A) data regarding the prisoner's previous 
                delinquency or criminal experience;
                    ``(B) pertinent circumstances of the social 
                background, capabilities, and mental and physical 
                health of the prisoner; and
                    ``(C) consideration of such other factors as may be 
                considered pertinent.
            ``(3) Study by commission.--The Commission may make such 
        other investigation relating to a prisoner as it may determine 
        necessary.
    ``(e) Provision of Information.--Upon request of the Commission, it 
shall be the duty of the various probation officers and agencies of the 
Federal Government to furnish the Commission--
            ``(1) information available to such officer or agency 
        concerning any eligible prisoner or parolee; and
            ``(2) whenever not incompatible with the public interest, 
        their views and recommendation with respect to any matter 
        within the jurisdiction of the Commission.
    ``(f) Reduction of Minimum Term.--At any time, upon motion of the 
Director, the court may reduce any minimum term before a prisoner may 
be released on parole to the time the prisoner has served. The court 
shall have jurisdiction to act upon the application at any time and no 
hearing shall be required.
    ``(g) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this subchapter shall be 
construed to provide that any prisoner shall be eligible for release on 
parole if such prisoner is ineligible for such release under any other 
provision of law.
``Sec. 3635. Parole determination criteria
    ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsections (b) and (c), and in 
accordance with guidelines promulgated by the Commission under section 
3632, an eligible prisoner shall be released on parole if--
            ``(1) the eligible prisoner has substantially observed the 
        rules of the institution or institutions to which the eligible 
        prisoner has been confined; and
            ``(2) the Commission, upon consideration of the nature and 
        circumstances of the offense and the history and 
        characteristics of the eligible prisoner, determines that 
        release would not--
                    ``(A) depreciate the seriousness of the offense or 
                promote disrespect for the law; or
                    ``(B) jeopardize the public welfare.
    ``(b) Exception.--Notwithstanding the guidelines promulgated by the 
Commission under section 3632, the Commission may grant or deny release 
on parole if it determines there is good cause for so doing.
    ``(c) Notice.--The Commission shall furnish an eligible prisoner 
with a written notice of its determination (including any determination 
described in subsection (b)) not later than 21 days, excluding 
holidays, after the date of the parole determination proceeding. If 
parole is denied, such notice shall state with particularity the 
reasons for such denial.
    ``(d) Certain Prisoners.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), any prisoner 
        serving a term or terms of imprisonment of 5 years or longer, 
        who is not earlier released under this section or any other 
        applicable provision of law, shall be released on parole--
                    ``(A) on the date on which the prisoner has served 
                66.6 percent of each consecutive term or terms; or
                    ``(B) for a prisoner serving consecutive term or 
                terms of imprisonment of more than 45 years (including 
                any life term), the earlier of--
                            ``(i) the date described in subparagraph 
                        (A); or
                            ``(ii) the date on which the prisoner has 
                        served 30 years.
            ``(2) Exception.--The Commission shall not release a 
        prisoner under paragraph (1) if it determines that--
                    ``(A) the prisoner has seriously or frequently 
                violated institution rules and regulations; or
                    ``(B) there is a reasonable probability that the 
                prisoner will commit any Federal, State, or local 
                crime.
``Sec. 3636. Information considered
    ``In making a determination under this subchapter relating to 
release on parole of an eligible prisoner, the Commission shall 
consider, if available and relevant--
            ``(1) reports and recommendations which the staff of the 
        facility in which such eligible prisoner is confined may make;
            ``(2) official reports of the eligible prisoner's prior 
        criminal record, including a report or record of earlier 
        probation and parole experiences;
            ``(3) presentence investigation reports;
            ``(4) recommendations regarding the eligible prisoner's 
        parole made at the time of sentencing by the sentencing judge;
            ``(5) reports of physical, mental, or psychiatric 
        examination of the eligible prisoner; and
            ``(6) such additional relevant information concerning the 
        eligible prisoner (including information submitted by the 
        eligible prisoner) as may be reasonably available.
``Sec. 3637. Parole determination proceeding; time
    ``(a) Proceedings.--
            ``(1) In general.--In making a determination under this 
        subchapter (relating to parole), the Commission shall conduct a 
        parole determination proceeding unless it determines on the 
        basis of the eligible prisoner's record that the eligible 
        prisoner will be released on parole.
            ``(2) Timing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Whenever feasible, the initial 
                parole determination proceeding for a prisoner eligible 
                for parole under subsection (a)(1) or (b)(1) of section 
                3634 shall be held not later than 30 days before the 
                date of such eligibility for parole.
                    ``(B) Other proceedings.--Whenever feasible, the 
                initial parole determination proceeding for a prisoner 
                eligible for parole under section 3634(b)(2) or who was 
                released on parole, and whose parole has been revoked, 
                shall be held not later than 120 days following such 
                prisoner's imprisonment or reimprisonment in a Federal 
                institution, as the case may be.
            ``(3) Waiver.--An eligible prisoner may knowingly and 
        intelligently waive any parole determination proceeding.
    ``(b) Notice.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 30 days before a parole 
        determination proceeding relating to an eligible prisoner, the 
        eligible prisoner shall be provided with--
                    ``(A) written notice of the time and place of the 
                proceeding; and
                    ``(B) reasonable access to any reports or other 
                documents to be used by the Commission in making its 
                determination.
            ``(2) Waiver.--An eligible prisoner may waive notice of a 
        parole determination proceeding, except that if notice is not 
        waived, the proceeding shall be held during the next regularly 
        scheduled proceedings by the Commission at the institution in 
        which the eligible prisoner is confined.
    ``(c) Withholding of Certain Materials.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subsection (b)(1)(B) shall not apply 
        to--
                    ``(A) diagnostic opinions which, if made known to 
                the eligible prisoner, could lead to a serious 
                disruption of the institutional program;
                    ``(B) any document which reveals sources of 
                information obtained upon a promise of confidentiality; 
                or
                    ``(C) any other information which, if disclosed, 
                might result in harm, physical or otherwise, to any 
                person.
            ``(2) Summaries.--If access to a report or other document 
        is not provided by the Commission, the Bureau of Prisons, or 
        any other agency under paragraph (1), the Commission, the 
        Bureau, or such other agency, respectively, shall provide to 
        the eligible prisoner a summary of the basic contents of the 
        material withheld, bearing in mind the need for confidentiality 
        and the impact on the eligible prisoner.
    ``(d) Consultation and Representation.--
            ``(1) In general.--During the period before a parole 
        determination proceeding described in subsection (b)(1), an 
        eligible prisoner may consult, as provided by the Director, 
        with a representative as referred to in paragraph (2), and by 
        mail or otherwise with any person concerning such proceeding.
            ``(2) Representation at proceeding.--An eligible prisoner 
        shall, if the eligible prisoner chooses, be represented at the 
        parole determination proceeding by a representative who 
        qualifies under rules promulgated by the Commission. Such rules 
        shall not exclude attorneys as a class.
    ``(e) Testimony by Eligible Prisoner.--An eligible prisoner shall 
be allowed to appear and testify on his or her own behalf at the parole 
determination proceeding.
    ``(f) Records.--A full and complete record of every parole 
determination proceeding shall be retained by the Commission. Upon 
request, the Commission shall make available to any eligible prisoner 
such record as the Commission may retain of the parole determination 
proceeding.
    ``(g) Conference if Denied.--If parole is denied, and if feasible--
            ``(1) a personal conference to explain the reasons for the 
        denial shall be held between the eligible prisoner and the 
        Commissioners or examiners conducting the proceeding at the 
        conclusion of the proceeding; and
            ``(2) the conference shall include advice to the eligible 
        prisoner as to what steps may be taken to enhance the chance of 
        being released at a subsequent proceeding.
    ``(h) Subsequent Proceedings if Denied.--In any case in which 
release on parole is not granted, subsequent parole determination 
proceedings shall be held not less frequently than every--
            ``(1) 18 months in the case of an eligible prisoner serving 
        a term or terms of imprisonment of more than 1 year and less 
        than 7 years; and
            ``(2) 24 months in the case of an eligible prisoner serving 
        a term or terms of imprisonment of not less than 7 years.
``Sec. 3638. Conditions of parole
    ``(a) Conditions.--
            ``(1) No other crimes.--In every case, the Commission shall 
        impose as a condition of parole that the parolee not commit 
        another Federal, State, or local crime.
            ``(2) Other conditions.--The Commission--
                    ``(A) may impose or modify other conditions of 
                parole to the extent that such conditions are 
                reasonably related to--
                            ``(i) the nature and circumstances of the 
                        offense; and
                            ``(ii) the history and characteristics of 
                        the parolee; and
                    ``(B) may provide for such supervision and other 
                limitations as are reasonable to protect the public 
                welfare.
    ``(b) Scope of Conditions.--
            ``(1) In general.--The conditions of parole should be 
        sufficiently specific to serve as a guide to supervision and 
        conduct.
            ``(2) Certificate.--Upon release on parole, a parolee shall 
        be given a certificate setting forth the conditions of parole. 
        An effort shall be made to make certain that the parolee 
        understands the conditions of parole.
    ``(c) Treatment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Release on parole or release as if on 
        parole may as a condition of such release require--
                    ``(A) a parolee to reside in or participate in the 
                program of a residential community treatment center, or 
                both, for all or part of the period of such parole; and
                    ``(B) a parolee who is an addict (as defined under 
                section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 
                802)) or a drug dependent person (as defined in section 
                2 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201)) to 
                undergo available medical, psychiatric, or 
                psychological treatment for drug or alcohol dependency 
                for all or part of the period of parole.
            ``(2) Costs.--A parolee residing in a residential community 
        treatment center pursuant to paragraph (1) may be required to 
        pay such costs incident to residence as the Commission 
        determines appropriate.
    ``(d) Modification of Conditions.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission may modify conditions of 
        parole under this section on its own motion, or on the motion 
        of a United States probation officer supervising a parolee.
            ``(2) Notice required.--A parolee shall receive notice of a 
        proposed modification of conditions of parol and a period of 
        not less than 10 days after receipt of such notice to express 
        the views of the parolee on the proposed modification.
            ``(3) Period for determination.--Not later than 21 days 
        after the end of the 10-day period described in paragraph (2), 
        the Commission shall act upon a motion or application to modify 
        conditions of parole.
            ``(4) Petition by parolee.--A parolee may petition the 
        Commission for a modification of conditions under this section.
            ``(5) Relation to revocation proceedings.--This subsection 
        shall not apply to modifications of parole conditions under a 
        revocation proceeding under section 3643.
``Sec. 3639. Jurisdiction of Commission
    ``(a) Attorney General Jurisdiction.--A parolee shall remain in the 
legal custody and under the control of the Attorney General, until the 
expiration of the maximum term or terms of imprisonment to which such 
parolee was sentenced.
    ``(b) Jurisdiction of Commission Generally.--Except as otherwise 
provided in this section, the jurisdiction of the Commission over the 
parolee shall terminate not later than the date of the expiration of 
the maximum term or terms for which the parolee was sentenced, except 
that--
            ``(1) such jurisdiction shall terminate at an earlier date 
        to the extent provided under section 3624(b)(5) or section 
        3640; and
            ``(2) in the case of a parolee who has been convicted of a 
        Federal, State, or local crime committed subsequent to release 
        on parole that is punishable by a term of imprisonment, 
        detention, or incarceration in any penal facility, the 
        Commission shall determine, in accordance with subsection (b) 
        or (c) of section 3643, whether all or any part of the 
        unexpired term being served at the time of parole shall run 
        concurrently or consecutively with the sentence imposed for the 
        new offense, but in no case shall such service together with 
        such time as the parolee has previously served in connection 
        with the offense for which the parolee was paroled, be longer 
        than the maximum term for which the parolee was sentenced in 
        connection with such offense.
    ``(c) Intentional Failure or Refusal.--If a parolee intentionally 
refuses or fails to respond to any reasonable request, order, summons, 
or warrant of the Commission or any member or agent thereof, the 
jurisdiction of the Commission may be extended for the period during 
which the parolee so refuses or fails to respond.
    ``(d) Other Sentences.--The parole of any parolee shall run 
concurrently with the period of parole or probation under any other 
Federal, State, or local sentence. Upon the termination of the 
jurisdiction of the Commission over any parolee, the Commission shall 
issue a certificate of discharge to the parolee and to such other 
agencies as it may determine.
``Sec. 3640. Early termination of parole
    ``(a) In General.--Upon its own motion or upon request of the 
parolee, the Commission may terminate supervision over a parolee prior 
to the termination of jurisdiction under section 3639.
    ``(b) Status Reviews.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after a parolee 
        is released on parole, and every year thereafter, the 
        Commission shall review the status of the parolee to determine 
        the need for continued supervision.
            ``(2) Exclusion of certain periods.--In calculating the 2-
        year period described in paragraph (1), there shall not be 
        included any period of release on parole prior to the most 
        recent such release, nor any period served in confinement on 
        any other sentence.
    ``(c) Termination After 5 Years.--
            ``(1) In general.--Five years after a parolee is released 
        on parole, the Commission shall terminate supervision over the 
        parolee unless the Commission determines, after a hearing 
        conducted in accordance with the procedures prescribed in 
        section 3643(a)(2), that such supervision should not be 
        terminated because there is a likelihood that the parolee will 
        engaged in conduct violating any criminal law.
            ``(2) Continuation of parole.--If supervision is not 
        terminated under paragraph (1), the parolee may request a 
        hearing annually thereafter, and a hearing, with procedures in 
        accordance with paragraph (1), shall be conducted with respect 
        to such termination of supervision not less frequently than 
        every 2 years.
            ``(3) Exclusion of certain periods.--In calculating the 5-
        year period described in paragraph (1), there shall not be 
        included any period of release on parole prior to the most 
        recent such release, nor any period served in confinement on 
        any other sentence.
``Sec. 3641. Aliens
    ``(a) Eligibility of Parole for Aliens.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, aliens shall be eligible for parole under this title.
    ``(b) Aliens With Final Orders of Removal.--When an alien prisoner 
subject to a final order of removal becomes eligible for parole, the 
Commission may authorize the release of such prisoner and, when parole 
becomes effective, may deliver such prisoner to a duly authorized 
immigration official for removal.
``Sec. 3642. Summons to appear or warrant for retaking of parolee
    ``(a) In General.--If a parolee is alleged to have violated the 
conditions of parole, the Commission may--
            ``(1) summon such parolee to appear at a hearing conducted 
        under section 3643; or
            ``(2) issue a warrant and retake the parolee as provided in 
        this section.
    ``(b) Issuance of Summons or Warrant.--
            ``(1) In general.--A summons or warrant issued under this 
        section shall be issued by the Commission as soon as 
        practicable after discovery of the alleged violation, except 
        when delay is determined necessary.
            ``(2) Imprisonment.--Imprisonment in an institution shall 
        not constitute grounds for delay of such issuance, except that, 
        in the case of any parolee charged with a criminal offense, 
        issuance of a summons or warrant may be suspended pending 
        disposition of the charge.
    ``(c) Notice.--A summons or warrant issued under this section shall 
provide the parolee with written notice of--
            ``(1) the conditions of parole imposed under section 3638 
        that the parolee is alleged to have violated;
            ``(2) the rights of the parolee under this subchapter; and
            ``(3) the possible action which may be taken by the 
        Commission.
    ``(d) Execution of Warrants.--An officer of a Federal penal or 
correctional institution, or a Federal officer authorized to serve 
criminal process within the United States, to whom a warrant issued 
under this section is delivered, shall execute such warrant by taking 
such parolee and returning the parolee to the custody of the regional 
commissioner, or to the custody of the Attorney General, if the 
Commission shall so direct.
``Sec. 3643. Revocation of parole
    ``(a) Revocation Generally.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in subsections (b) 
        and (c)--
                    ``(A) an alleged parole violator summoned or 
                retaken under section 3642 shall be afforded the 
                opportunity to have a preliminary hearing at or 
                reasonably near the place of the alleged parole 
                violation or arrest, without unnecessary delay, to 
                determine if there is probable cause to believe that 
                the parolee has violated a condition of parole;
                    ``(B) upon a finding of probable cause, and except 
                as provided in subparagraph (C)--
                            ``(i) a digest shall be prepared by the 
                        Commission setting forth in writing the factors 
                        considered and the reasons for the decision; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) a copy of the digest shall be given 
                        to the parolee within a reasonable period of 
                        time;
                    ``(C) the Commission may restore any parolee to 
                parole supervision if--
                            ``(i) continuation of revocation 
                        proceedings is not warranted;
                            ``(ii) incarceration of the parolee pending 
                        further revocation proceedings is not warranted 
                        by the alleged frequency or seriousness of such 
                        violation or violations;
                            ``(iii) the parolee is not likely to fail 
                        to appear for further proceedings; and
                            ``(iv) the parolee does not constitute a 
                        danger to himself, herself, or others; and
                    ``(D) not later than 60 days after a finding of 
                probable cause, a revocation hearing shall be held at 
                or reasonably near the place of the alleged parole 
                violation or arrest, except that a revocation hearing 
                may be held at the same time and place set for the 
                preliminary hearing.
            ``(2) Hearing procedures.--For a hearing held under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) notice shall be given to the parolee of the 
                conditions of parole alleged to have been violated, and 
                the time, place, and purposes of the scheduled hearing;
                    ``(B) the parolee shall have an opportunity to be 
                represented by an attorney (retained by the parolee, or 
                if the parolee is financially unable to retain counsel, 
                counsel shall be provided under section 3006A) or, if 
                the parolee so chooses, a representative as provided by 
                rules and regulations, unless the parolee knowingly and 
                intelligently waives such representation;
                    ``(C) the parolee shall have an opportunity to 
                appear and testify, and present witnesses and relevant 
                evidence on his or her own behalf; and
                    ``(D) the parolee shall have an opportunity to be 
                apprised of the evidence against the parolee and, if 
                the parolee so requests, to confront and cross-examine 
                adverse witnesses, unless the Commission specifically 
                finds substantial reason for not so allowing.
            ``(3) Subpoenas.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the 
        Commission may subpoena witnesses and evidence, and pay witness 
        fees as established for the courts of the United States. If a 
        person refuses to obey such a subpoena, the Commission may 
        petition a court of the United States for the judicial district 
        in which such parole proceeding is being conducted, or in which 
        such person may be found, to request such person to attend, 
        testify, and produce evidence. The court may issue an order 
        requiring such person to appear before the Commission, when the 
        court finds such information, thing, or testimony directly 
        related to a matter with respect to which the Commission is 
        empowered to make a determination under this section. Failure 
        to obey such an order is punishable by such court as a 
        contempt. All process in such a case may be served in the 
        judicial district in which such a parole proceeding is being 
        conducted, or in which such person may be found.
    ``(b) Conviction of Crimes While on Parole.--
            ``(1) In general.--Conviction for a Federal, State, or 
        local crime committed subsequent to release on parole shall 
        constitute probable cause for purposes of subsection (a).
            ``(2) Parolees incarcerated.--If a parolee has been 
        convicted of a Federal, State, or local crime and is serving a 
        new sentence in an institution, a parole revocation warrant or 
        summons issued under section 3642 may be placed against the 
        parolee as a detainer. Not later than 180 days after the 
        Commission receives notice of the placement of a detainer, the 
        detainer shall be reviewed by the Commission. The parolee shall 
        receive notice of the pending review, have an opportunity to 
        submit a written application containing information relative to 
        the disposition of the detainer, and, unless waived, shall have 
        counsel as provided in subsection (a)(2)(B) to assist in the 
        preparation of such application.
            ``(3) Hearing.--If the Commission determines that 
        additional information is needed to review a detainer under 
        paragraph (2), a dispositional hearing may be held at the 
        institution in which the parolee is confined. The parolee shall 
        receive notice of such hearing, be allowed to appear and 
        testify on his or her own behalf, and, unless waived, shall 
        have counsel as provided in subsection (a)(2)(B).
            ``(4) Resolution.--Following the review relating to the 
        disposition of a detainer, the Commission may--
                    ``(A) let the detainer stand; or
                    ``(B) withdraw the detainer.
    ``(c) Certain Alleged Parole Violators.--
            ``(1) Revocation hearing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An alleged parole violator 
                described in subparagraph (B) shall receive a 
                revocation hearing within 90 days of the date of 
                retaking.
                    ``(B) Covered alleged parole violators.--An alleged 
                parole violator described in this subparagraph is an 
                alleged parole violator who--
                            ``(i) is summoned or retaken by warrant 
                        under section 3642 and knowingly and 
                        intelligently waives the right to a hearing 
                        under subsection (a);
                            ``(ii) knowingly and intelligently admits 
                        violation at a preliminary hearing held under 
                        subsection (a)(1)(A); or
                            ``(iii) is retaken under subsection (b).
                    ``(C) Conduct of hearing.--The Commission may 
                conduct a hearing under subparagraph (A) at the 
                institution to which the parolee has been returned, and 
                the alleged parole violator shall receive notice of the 
                hearing, be allowed to appear and testify on his or her 
                own behalf, and, unless waived, shall have counsel or 
                another representative as provided in subsection 
                (a)(2)(B).
    ``(d) Disposition.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a parolee is summoned or retaken 
        under section 3642, and the Commission finds, in accordance 
        with this section (including paragraph (2) of this subsection) 
        and by a preponderance of the evidence, that the parolee has 
        violated a condition of parole, the Commission may--
                    ``(A) restore the parolee to supervision;
                    ``(B) reprimand the parolee;
                    ``(C) modify the conditions of the parole of the 
                parolee;
                    ``(D) refer the parolee to a residential community 
                treatment center for all or part of the remainder of 
                the original sentence; or
                    ``(E) formally revoke parole or release as if on 
                parole under this title.
            ``(2) Requirements.--The Commission may take an action 
        under paragraph (1) if it has taken into consideration--
                    ``(A) whether the parolee has been convicted of any 
                Federal, State, or local crime subsequent to release on 
                parole, and the seriousness thereof; and
                    ``(B) whether the action is warranted by the 
                frequency or seriousness of the violation by the 
                parolee of any other condition or conditions of parole.
    ``(e) Notice.--Not later than 21 days, excluding holidays, after a 
revocation hearing under this section, the Commission shall furnish the 
parolee with a written notice of its determination. If parole is 
revoked, a digest shall be prepared by the Commission setting forth in 
writing the factors considered and reasons for such action, a copy of 
which shall be given to the parolee.
``Sec. 3644. Reconsideration and appeal
    ``(a) In General.--If parole release is denied under section 3635, 
parole conditions are imposed or modified under section 3638, parole 
discharge is denied under section 3640(c), or parole is modified or 
revoked under section 3643, the individual to whom such decision 
applies may have the decision reconsidered by submitting a written 
application to the regional Commissioner not later than 30 days after 
the date on which the decision is rendered.
    ``(b) Review by Regional Commissioner.--Not later than 30 days 
after receipt of an application under subsection (a), a regional 
Commissioner shall--
            ``(1) acting in accordance with rules and regulations, 
        reaffirm, modify, or reverse the original decision; and
            ``(2) inform the applicant in writing of the decision and 
        the reasons therefor.
    ``(c) Appeal to National Appeals Board.--
            ``(1) In general.--Any decision made under subsection (b) 
        which is adverse to the applicant for reconsideration may be 
        appealed by the individual to the National Appeals Board by 
        submitting a written notice of appeal not later than 30 days 
        following the date on which such decision is rendered.
            ``(2) Review.--In accordance with rules and regulations, 
        the National Appeals Board--
                    ``(A) not later than 60 days after receipt of an 
                appellant's papers, shall reaffirm, modify, or reverse 
                the decision; and
                    ``(B) shall inform the appellant in writing of the 
                decision and the reasons therefor.
``Sec. 3645. Young adult offenders
    ``(a) Definition.--In this section, the term `young adult offender' 
means an individual--
            ``(1) who has been convicted of a Federal offense; and
            ``(2) on the date of the conviction, is not less than 22 
        years of age and is less than 26 years of age.
    ``(b) Treatment as a Juvenile.--A young adult offender may be 
deemed a juvenile for purposes of chapter 403 if, after taking into 
consideration the previous record of the young adult offender as to 
delinquency or criminal experience, the social background, 
capabilities, mental and physical health of the young adult offender, 
and such other factors as may be considered pertinent, the court finds 
that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the young adult 
offender will benefit from being treated as a juvenile under chapter 
403.
``Sec. 3646. Applicability of Administrative Procedure Act
    ``(a) In General.--The Commission shall be an agency for purposes 
of chapter 5 of title 5, except for sections 554, 555, 556, and 557.
    ``(b) Rulemaking.--For purposes of subsection (a), section 
553(b)(3)(A) of title 5 shall be applied as though `, general 
statements of policy,' were struck.
    ``(c) Judicial Review.--To the extent that actions of the 
Commission under section 3632(a)(1) are not in accord with section 553 
of title 5, they shall be reviewable in accordance with chapter 7 of 
title 5.
    ``(d) Exclusion of Certain Actions.--Actions of the Commission 
under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of section 3632(b) shall be 
considered actions committed to agency discretion for purposes of 
section 701(a)(2) of title 5.''.
    (b) Permanent Continuation of Parole Commission.--Notwithstanding 
section 235(b) of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 (18 U.S.C. 3551 
note), the United States Parole Commission shall not be terminated 
under such section and appointments to the United States Parole 
Commission shall be made in accordance with section 4202 of title 18, 
United States Code, as in effect on the day before the effective date 
of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 under section 235(a) of such Act 
(18 U.S.C. 3551 note).
    (c) Credit Toward Service of Sentence for Satisfactory Behavior.--
Section 3624(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
            ``(5) A prisoner having served the term or terms of 
        imprisonment of the prisoner, less credit toward the service of 
        the prisoner's sentence under this subsection, shall, upon 
        release, be deemed as if released on parole until the 
        expiration of the maximum term or terms for which the prisoner 
        was sentenced less 180 days. This paragraph shall not prevent 
        delivery of a prisoner to the authorities of any State 
        otherwise entitled to custody of the prisoner.''.
    (d) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 3553 of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b), by inserting ``maximum'' 
                before ``sentence of the kind'' each place it appears; 
                and
                    (B) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding 
                paragraph (1), by inserting ``maximum'' before 
                ``sentence--''.
            (2) Section 3621(a) of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended by inserting ``on parole'' before ``for satisfactory 
        behavior''.
            (3) Section 3624 of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``A prisoner'' 
                and inserting ``Subject to release on parole under 
                subchapter D, a prisoner'';
                    (B) in subsection (b)(2), by inserting ``, which 
                shall not include a release on parole under subchapter 
                D'' after ``released from custody''; and
                    (C) in subsection (d), by inserting ``or on parole 
                under subchapter D'' after ``Upon the release of a 
                prisoner''.
            (4) Section 4321 of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended by inserting ``or parole'' before the period at the 
        end.
            (5) Chapter 403 of title 18, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) by inserting after section 5040 the following:
``Sec. 5041. Parole
    ``A juvenile delinquent who has been committed may be released on 
parole at any time under such conditions and regulations as the United 
States Parole Commission determines proper in accordance with section 
3635.''; and
                    (B) by striking the item relating to section 5041 
                and inserting the following:

``5041. Parole.''.
            (6) The table of subchapters for chapter 229 of title 18, 
        United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
        relating to subchapter C the following:

``D. Parole.................................................    3631''.
            (7) The Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) 
        is amended--
                    (A) in section 401(b)(1) (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1))--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), in the matter 
                        following clause (viii), by striking the last 
                        sentence;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), in the matter 
                        following clause (viii), by striking the last 
                        sentence; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C), in the last 
                        sentence, by striking ``, nor shall a person so 
                        sentenced be eligible for parole during the 
                        term of such a sentence'';
                    (B) in section 419(d) (21 U.S.C. 860(d)), by 
                striking the second sentence; and
                    (C) in section 420(e) (21 U.S.C. 861(e)), by 
                striking the second sentence.
            (8) Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and 
        Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter following 
                subparagraph (H), by striking the last sentence; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter following 
                subparagraph (H), by striking the last sentence.
    (e) Applicability.--The amendments made by this section shall apply 
with respect to any sentence imposed on or after January 1, 2019.

SEC. 9007. TERMINATION OF DETENTION BED QUOTA.

    (a) In General.--The matter under the heading ``salaries and 
expenses'' under the heading ``United States Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement'' under title II of the Department of Homeland Security 
Appropriations Act, 2016 (division F of Public Law 114-113; 129 Stat. 
2497) is amended by striking ``Provided further, That funding made 
available under this heading shall maintain a level of not less than 
34,000 detention beds through September 30, 2016:''.
    (b) Detention Capacity.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the number of detention beds maintained by U.S. Immigration and 
Customs Enforcement shall be determined by the Secretary of Homeland 
Security and shall be based solely on detention needs.
    (c) Alternatives to Detention.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
        establish nationwide alternatives to detention programs that 
        incorporate case management services in each field office of 
        the Department of Homeland Security to ensure appearances at 
        immigration proceedings and public safety.
            (2) Contract authority.--The Secretary may contract with 
        nongovernmental community-based organizations--
                    (A) to conduct screening of detainees;
                    (B) to operate community-based supervision 
                programs; and
                    (C) to implement secure alternatives that allow 
                U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to maintain 
                custody over the alien.
            (3) Assessments.--The Secretary shall regularly assess the 
        demand for alternative to detention programs and make available 
        sufficient alternative to detention slots regardless of 
        proximity to available detention beds. Alternative programs 
        shall offer a continuum of supervision mechanisms and options, 
        including community support, depending on an assessment of each 
        individual's circumstances. Information regarding the amount of 
        slots available in each area shall be made public.
            (4) Individualized determinations.--In determining whether 
        to use alternatives to detention programs, the Secretary shall 
        make an individualized determination, and for each individual 
        placed in an alternatives to detention program, shall review 
        the level of supervision on a monthly basis. Alternatives to 
        detention programs shall not be used when release on bond or 
        recognizance is determined to be a sufficient measure to ensure 
        appearances at immigration proceedings and public safety. 
        Detention shall not be used when alternatives to detention 
        programs are determined to be a sufficient measure to ensure 
        appearances at immigration proceedings and public safety.
            (5) Custody.--The Secretary may use alternatives to 
        detention programs to maintain custody over any alien detained 
        under the Immigration and Nationality Act, except for aliens 
        detained under section 236A of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1226a). If an 
        individual is not eligible for release from custody or 
        detention, the Secretary shall consider the alien for placement 
        in alternative programs that maintain custody over the alien.
            (6) Vulnerable populations.--
                    (A) Defined term.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``vulnerable population'' includes, but is not limited 
                to, asylum seekers, victims of torture or trafficking, 
                families with minor children, pregnant women, nursing 
                mothers, individuals who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, or 
                transgender, individuals with a mental or physical 
                disability, and individuals who are older than 65 years 
                of age.
                    (B) Considerations for placement.--In determining 
                whether to place a detainee in an alternatives to 
                detention program, the Secretary shall consider whether 
                the detainee is a member of a vulnerable population. 
                Notwithstanding section 236 of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1226), a member of a 
                vulnerable population whose needs cannot be adequately 
                met by a detention facility may not be held in a 
                detention facility unless the Secretary determines such 
                placement is in the interest of national security.

SEC. 9008. OVERSIGHT OF DETENTION FACILITIES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Applicable standards.--The term ``applicable 
        standards'' means the most recent version of detention 
        standards and detention-related policies issued by the 
        Secretary or the Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement.
            (2) Detention facility.--The term ``detention facility'' 
        means a Federal, State, or local government facility, or a 
        privately owned and operated facility, that is used, in whole 
        or in part, to hold individuals under the authority of the 
        Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, including 
        facilities that hold such individuals under a contract or 
        agreement with the Department of Homeland Security.
    (b) Detention Requirements.--The Secretary of Homeland Security 
shall ensure that all persons detained pursuant to the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.) are treated humanely and 
benefit from the protections set forth in this section.
    (c) Oversight Requirements.--
            (1) Annual inspection.--All detention facilities housing 
        aliens in the custody of the Department of Homeland Security 
        shall be inspected, for compliance with applicable detention 
        standards issued by the Secretary and other applicable 
        regulations, by--
                    (A) the Secretary of Homeland Security at least 
                annually; and
                    (B) an independent, third-party auditor at least 
                biannually.
            (2) Routine oversight.--In addition to the inspections 
        required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct 
        routine oversight of the detention facilities described in 
        paragraph (1), including unannounced inspections.
            (3) Availability of records.--All detention facility 
        contracts, memoranda of agreement, audits, inspections, 
        evaluations and reviews, include those conducted by the Office 
        for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties and the Office of 
        Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security, shall 
        be considered records for purposes of section 552(f)(2) of 
        title 5, United States Code.
            (4) Consultation.--The Secretary shall seek input from 
        nongovernmental organizations regarding their independent 
        opinion of specific facilities.
    (d) Compliance Mechanisms.--
            (1) Agreements.--
                    (A) New agreements.--Compliance with applicable 
                standards of the Secretary of Homeland Security and all 
                applicable regulations, and meaningful financial 
                penalties for failure to comply, shall be a material 
                term in any new contract, memorandum of agreement, or 
                any renegotiation, modification, or renewal of an 
                existing contract or agreement, including fee 
                negotiations, executed with detention facilities.
                    (B) Existing agreements.--Not later than 180 days 
                after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
                Secretary shall secure a modification incorporating 
                these terms for any existing contracts or agreements 
                that will not be renegotiated, renewed, or otherwise 
                modified.
                    (C) Cancellation of agreements.--Unless the 
                Secretary provides a reasonable extension to a specific 
                detention facility that is negotiating in good faith, 
                contracts or agreements with detention facilities that 
                are not modified within 1 year of the date of the 
                enactment of this Act will be cancelled.
                    (D) Provision of information.--In making 
                modifications under this paragraph, the Secretary shall 
                require that detention facilities provide to the 
                Secretary all contracts, memoranda of agreement, 
                evaluations, and reviews regarding the facility on a 
                regular basis. The Secretary shall make these materials 
                publicly available on a timely and regular basis.
            (2) Financial penalties.--
                    (A) Requirement to impose.--Subject to subparagraph 
                (C), the Secretary shall impose meaningful financial 
                penalties upon facilities that fail to comply with 
                applicable detention standards issued by the Secretary 
                and other applicable regulations.
                    (B) Timing of imposition.--Financial penalties 
                imposed under subparagraph (A) shall be imposed 
                immediately after a facility fails to achieve an 
                adequate or the equivalent median score in any 
                performance evaluation.
                    (C) Waiver.--The requirements of subparagraph (A) 
                may be waived if the facility corrects the noted 
                deficiencies and receives an adequate score in not more 
                than 90 days.
                    (D) Multiple offenders.--If the Secretary 
                determines that a facility has been persistently and 
                substantially violating the detention standards issued 
                by the Secretary, including by scoring less than 
                adequate or the equivalent median score in 2 
                consecutive inspections--
                            (i) the Secretary shall terminate contracts 
                        or agreements with such facilities within 60 
                        days; or
                            (ii) in the case of facilities operated by 
                        the Secretary, the Secretary shall close such 
                        facilities within 90 days.
    (e) Reporting Requirements.--
            (1) Objectives.--Not later than June 30 of each year, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit a report to the 
        Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the House of Representatives that describes 
        the inspection and oversight activities at detention 
        facilities.
            (2) Contents.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1) 
        shall include--
                    (A) a description of each detention facility found 
                to be in noncompliance with applicable detention 
                standards issued by the Department of Homeland Security 
                and other applicable regulations;
                    (B) a description of the actions taken by the 
                Department to remedy any findings of noncompliance or 
                other identified problems, including financial 
                penalties, contract or agreement termination, or 
                facility closure; and
                    (C) information regarding whether the actions 
                described in subparagraph (B) resulted in compliance 
                with applicable detention standards and regulations.

SEC. 9009. PRERELEASE CUSTODY.

    Section 3624(c)(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following: ``Subject to the availability of 
appropriations and of bed space availability, the Director shall place 
a prisoner in a residential reentry center that is within 50 miles of 
the prisoner's previous or anticipated permanent legal address.''.

SEC. 9010. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this Act are to--
            (1) develop and implement national standards for the use of 
        solitary confinement to ensure that it is used infrequently and 
        only under extreme circumstances;
            (2) establish a more humane and constitutionally sound 
        practice of segregated detention or solitary confinement in 
        correctional facilities;
            (3) accelerate the development of best practices and make 
        reforming solitary confinement a top priority in each 
        correctional facility at the Federal and State levels;
            (4) increase the available data and information on the 
        incidence of solitary confinement, consequently improving the 
        management and administration of correctional facilities;
            (5) standardize the definitions used for collecting data on 
        the incidence of solitary confinement;
            (6) increase the accountability of correctional facility 
        officials who fail to design and implement humane and 
        constitutionally sound solitary confinement practices;
            (7) protect the Eighth Amendment rights of inmates at 
        correctional facilities; and
            (8) reduce the costs that solitary confinement imposes on 
        interstate commerce.

SEC. 9011. NATIONAL SOLITARY CONFINEMENT STUDY AND REFORM COMMISSION.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established a commission to be known 
as the National Solitary Confinement Study and Reform Commission.
    (b) Members.--
            (1) In general.--The Commission shall be composed of 9 
        members, of whom--
                    (A) 3 shall be appointed by the President;
                    (B) 2 shall be appointed by the Speaker of the 
                House of Representatives, unless the Speaker is of the 
                same party as the President, in which case 1 shall be 
                appointed by the Speaker of the House of 
                Representatives and 1 shall be appointed by the 
                minority leader of the House of Representatives;
                    (C) 1 shall be appointed by the minority leader of 
                the House of Representatives (in addition to any 
                appointment made under subparagraph (B));
                    (D) 2 shall be appointed by the majority leader of 
                the Senate, unless the majority leader is of the same 
                party as the President, in which case 1 shall be 
                appointed by the majority leader of the Senate and 1 
                shall be appointed by the minority leader of the 
                Senate; and
                    (E) 1 shall be appointed by the minority leader of 
                the Senate (in addition to any appointment made under 
                subparagraph (D)).
            (2) Persons eligible.--Each member of the Commission shall 
        be an individual who has knowledge or expertise in matters to 
        be studied by the Commission.
            (3) Consultation required.--The President, the Speaker and 
        minority leader of the House of Representatives, and the 
        majority leader and minority leader of the Senate shall consult 
        with one another prior to the appointment of the members of the 
        Commission to achieve, to the maximum extent possible, fair and 
        equitable representation of various points of view with respect 
        to the matters to be studied by the Commission.
            (4) Term.--Each member shall be appointed for the life of 
        the Commission.
            (5) Time for initial appointments.--The appointment of the 
        members shall be made not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act.
            (6) Vacancies.--A vacancy in the Commission shall be filled 
        in the manner in which the original appointment was made, and 
        shall be made not later than 60 days after the date on which 
        the vacancy occurred.
    (c) Operation.--
            (1) Chairperson.--Not later than 15 days after appointments 
        of all the members are made, the President shall appoint a 
        chairperson for the Commission from among its members.
            (2) Meetings.--The Commission shall meet at the call of the 
        chairperson. The initial meeting of the Commission shall take 
        place not later than 30 days after the initial appointment of 
        the members is completed.
            (3) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission 
        shall constitute a quorum to conduct business, but the 
        Commission may establish a lesser quorum for conducting 
        hearings scheduled by the Commission.
            (4) Rules.--The Commission may establish by majority vote 
        any other rules for the conduct of Commission business, if such 
        rules are not inconsistent with this Act or other applicable 
        law.
    (d) Comprehensive Study of the Impacts of Solitary Confinement.--
            (1) In general.--The Commission shall carry out a 
        comprehensive legal and factual study of the penological, 
        physical, mental, medical, social, fiscal, and economic impacts 
        of solitary confinement in the United States on--
                    (A) Federal, State, and local governments; and
                    (B) communities and social institutions generally, 
                including individuals, families, and businesses within 
                such communities and social institutions.
            (2) Matters included.--The study under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) a review of existing Federal, State, and local 
                government policies and practices with respect to the 
                extent and duration of the use of solitary confinement;
                    (B) an assessment of the relationship between 
                solitary confinement and correctional facility 
                conditions, and existing monitoring, regulatory, and 
                enforcement practices;
                    (C) an assessment of the characteristics of 
                prisoners and juvenile detainees most likely to be 
                referred to solitary confinement and the effectiveness 
                of various types of treatment or programs to reduce 
                such likelihood;
                    (D) an assessment of the impacts of solitary 
                confinement on individuals, families, social 
                institutions, and the economy generally;
                    (E) an identification of additional scientific and 
                social science research needed on the prevalence of 
                solitary confinement in correctional facilities as well 
                as a full assessment of existing literature;
                    (F) an assessment of the general relationship 
                between solitary confinement and mental illness;
                    (G) an assessment of the relationship between 
                solitary confinement and levels of training, 
                supervision, and discipline of the staff of 
                correctional facilities; and
                    (H) an assessment of existing Federal and State 
                systems for collecting and reporting the number and 
                duration of solitary confinement incidents in 
                correctional facilities nationwide.
            (3) Report.--
                    (A) Distribution.--Not later than two years after 
                the date of the initial meeting of the Commission, the 
                Commission shall submit a report on the study carried 
                out under this subsection to--
                            (i) the President;
                            (ii) the Congress;
                            (iii) the Attorney General of the United 
                        States;
                            (iv) the Secretary of Health and Human 
                        Services;
                            (v) the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
                        Prisons;
                            (vi) the Administrator of the Office of 
                        Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention;
                            (vii) the chief executive of each State; 
                        and
                            (viii) the head of the department of 
                        corrections of each State.
                    (B) Contents.--The report under subparagraph (A) 
                shall include--
                            (i) the findings and conclusions of the 
                        Commission;
                            (ii) the recommended national standards for 
                        reducing the use of solitary confinement 
                        described in subsection (e); and
                            (iii) a summary of the materials relied on 
                        by the Commission in the preparation of the 
                        report.
    (e) Recommendations.--
            (1) In general.--As part of the report submitted under 
        subsection (d)(3), the Commission shall provide the Attorney 
        General and the Secretary of Health and Human Services with 
        recommended national standards for significantly reducing the 
        use of solitary confinement in correctional facilities.
            (2) Matters included.--The information provided under 
        paragraph (1) shall include recommended national standards 
        relating to--
                    (A) how authorities can progress toward 
                significantly limiting the utilization of solitary 
                confinement so that a prisoner or juvenile detainee may 
                be placed in solitary confinement only when the safety 
                or security of the facility or another person is at 
                imminent risk, during an ongoing disciplinary 
                investigation concerning an adult prisoner, or to 
                punish an adult prisoner for an extremely serious 
                disciplinary infraction;
                    (B) methods that can be employed to ensure that the 
                duration of solitary confinement of a prisoner or 
                juvenile detainee at an institution can be limited to 
                fewer than 30 days in any 45-day period, except in a 
                case in which the head of a correctional facility makes 
                an individualized determination that prolonged solitary 
                confinement of the prisoner or detainee for a serious 
                disciplinary infraction is necessary for the order or 
                security of the institution, or a prisoner or detainee 
                requests such placement;
                    (C) ensuring that prior to being classified, 
                assigned, or subject to long-term solitary confinement, 
                an adult prisoner shall be entitled to a meaningful 
                hearing on the reason for and duration of the 
                confinement and have access to legal counsel for such 
                hearings;
                    (D) ensuring that indefinite sentencing of an adult 
                prisoner to long-term solitary confinement will not be 
                allowed and that the prisoner will be afforded a 
                meaningful review of the confinement at least once 
                every 30 days that the prisoner remains in solitary 
                confinement and that correctional facility officials 
                must record and provide a transcript of the review 
                proceedings for the prisoner under review to the 
                prisoner or the prisoner's designee;
                    (E) ensuring that correctional facility officials 
                design and implement programming that allows adult 
                prisoners subject to long-term solitary confinement to 
                earn placement in less restrictive housing through 
                positive behavior;
                    (F) limiting the use of involuntary solitary 
                confinement for the purpose of protective custody 
                solely because of a personal characteristic that makes 
                the prisoner or juvenile detainee particularly 
                vulnerable to harm, including age, gender identity, 
                race, or religion;
                    (G) ensuring that correctional facility officials 
                improve access to mental health treatment for prisoners 
                and juvenile detainees in solitary confinement;
                    (H) ensuring that correctional facility officials 
                work toward systems wherein prisoners and juvenile 
                detainees diagnosed by a qualified mental health 
                professional with a serious mental illness are not held 
                in long-term solitary confinement;
                    (I) ensuring that correctional facility officials 
                do all that is feasible to make certain that prisoners 
                and juvenile detainees are not held in solitary 
                confinement for any duration, except under extreme 
                emergency circumstances;
                    (J) ensuring that correctional facility officials 
                develop alternative methods to manage issues with 
                prisoners and juvenile detainees other than solitary 
                confinement; and
                    (K) such other matters as may reasonably be related 
                to the goal of reducing solitary confinement in 
                correctional facilities.
            (3) Limitation.--The Commission shall not propose a 
        recommended standard that would impose substantial additional 
        costs compared to the costs presently expended by correctional 
        facilities, and shall seek to propose standards that reduce the 
        costs of incarceration at such facilities.
    (f) Consultation With Accreditation Organizations.--In developing 
recommended national standards for the reduction of solitary 
confinement under subsection (e), the Commission shall consider any 
standards that have already been developed, or are being developed 
simultaneously to the deliberations of the Commission. The Commission 
shall consult with accreditation organizations responsible for the 
accreditation of correctional facilities that have developed or are 
developing standards related to solitary confinement. The Commission 
shall also consult with national associations representing the 
corrections profession, the legal profession, the medical profession, 
or any other pertinent professional body that has developed or is 
developing standards related to solitary confinement.
    (g) Hearings.--
            (1) In general.--The Commission shall hold public hearings. 
        The Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act at such 
        times and places, take such testimony, and receive such 
        evidence as the Commission considers advisable to carry out its 
        duties under this section.
            (2) Witness expenses.--Witnesses requested to appear before 
        the Commission shall be paid the same fees as are paid to 
        witnesses under section 1821 of title 28, United States Code. 
        The per diem and mileage allowances for witnesses shall be paid 
        from funds appropriated to the Commission.
    (h) Information From Federal or State Agencies.--The Commission may 
secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information 
as the Commission considers necessary to carry out its duties under 
this section. The Commission may request the head of any State or local 
department or agency to furnish such information to the Commission.
    (i) Personnel Matters.--
            (1) Travel expenses.--The members of the Commission shall 
        be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
        subsistence, at rates authorized for employees of agencies 
        under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States 
        Code, while away from their homes or regular places of business 
        in the performance of service for the Commission.
            (2) Detail of federal employees.--With the affirmative vote 
        of \2/3\ of the Commission, any Federal Government employee, 
        with the approval of the head of the appropriate Federal 
        agency, may be detailed to the Commission without 
        reimbursement, and such detail shall be without interruption or 
        loss of civil service status, benefits, or privileges.
            (3) Procurement of temporary and intermittent services.--
        Upon the request of the Commission, the Attorney General shall 
        provide reasonable and appropriate office space, supplies, and 
        administrative assistance.
    (j) Contracts for Research.--
            (1) National institute of justice.--With a \2/3\ 
        affirmative vote, the Commission may select nongovernmental 
        researchers and experts to assist the Commission in carrying 
        out its duties under this Act. The National Institute of 
        Justice shall contract with the researchers and experts 
        selected by the Commission to provide funding in exchange for 
        their services.
            (2) Other organizations.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        be construed to limit the ability of the Commission to enter 
        into contracts with other entities or organizations for 
        research necessary to carry out the duties of the Commission 
        under this section.
    (k) Termination.--The Commission shall terminate on the date that 
is 60 days after the date on which the Commission submits the reports 
required by this section.
    (l) Exemption.--The Commission shall be exempt from the Federal 
Advisory Committee Act.

SEC. 9012. ADOPTION AND EFFECT OF NATIONAL STANDARDS.

    (a) Publication of Standards.--
            (1) Final rule.--Not later than two years after receiving 
        the report specified in section (3)(d)(3), the Attorney General 
        shall publish a final rule adopting national standards for the 
        reduction of solitary confinement in correctional facilities.
            (2) Independent judgment.--The standards referred to in 
        paragraph (1) shall be based upon the independent judgment of 
        the Attorney General, after giving consideration to the 
        recommended national standards provided by the Commission under 
        section 3(e), and being informed by such data, opinions, and 
        proposals that the Attorney General determines to be 
        appropriate to consider.
            (3) Limitation.--The Attorney General shall not establish a 
        national standard under this section that would impose 
        substantial additional costs compared to the costs presently 
        expended by Federal and State correctional systems. The 
        Attorney General may, however, provide a list of improvements 
        for consideration by correctional facilities.
            (4) Transmission to states.--Not later than 90 days after 
        publishing the final rule under paragraph (1), the Attorney 
        General shall transmit the national standards adopted under 
        that paragraph to the chief executive of each State, the head 
        of the department of corrections of each State, the head of the 
        department of juvenile justice of each State, and to the 
        appropriate authorities in those units of local government who 
        oversee operations in one or more correctional facilities.
    (b) Applicability to Federal Bureau of Prisons.--The national 
standards referred to in subsection (a) shall apply to the Federal 
Bureau of Prisons immediately upon adoption of the final rule under 
subsection (a)(1).
    (c) Eligibility for Federal Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Beginning in the second fiscal year that 
        begins after the date on which the Attorney General issues a 
        the final rule under subsection (a)(1), in order to be eligible 
        to receive a grant under a program identified by the Attorney 
        General under paragraph (2), the chief executive of a State or 
        unit of local government seeking such a grant shall submit to 
        the Attorney general a certification that the State or local 
        government has adopted, and is in full compliance with the 
        national standards described in subsection (a)(1).
            (2) Covered grant programs.--The Attorney General shall 
        identify grant programs carried out by the Department of 
        Justice which provide funding to States and units of local 
        government for the construction, maintenance, or operation of 
        correctional facilities, and make a list of such programs 
        publicly available.

SEC. 9013. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:
            (1) Attorney general.--The term ``Attorney General'' means 
        the Attorney General of the United States.
            (2) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the National 
        Solitary Confinement Study and Reform Commission established 
        under section 3 of this Act.
            (3) Long-term.--The term ``long-term'' means any period 
        lasting more than 30 days, consecutive or nonconsecutive, in 
        any 45-day period.
            (4) Qualified mental health professional.--The term 
        ``qualified mental health professional'' means a psychiatrist, 
        psychologist, psychiatric social worker, licensed professional 
        counselor, psychiatric nurse, or another individual who, by 
        virtue of education, credentials, and experience, is permitted 
        by law to evaluate and provide mental health care.
            (5) Serious mental illness.--The term ``serious mental 
        illness'' means a substantial disorder that--
                    (A) significantly impairs judgment, behavior, or 
                capacity to recognize reality or cope with the ordinary 
                demands of life; and
                    (B) is manifested by substantial pain or 
                disability, the status of being actively suicidal, a 
                severe cognitive disorder that results in significant 
                functional impairment, or a severe personality disorder 
                that results in significant functional impairment.
            (6) Solitary confinement.--The term ``solitary 
        confinement'' means confinement of a prisoner or juvenile 
        detainee in a cell or other place, alone or with other persons, 
        for approximately 22 hours or more per day with severely 
        restricted activity, movement, and social interaction, which is 
        separate from the general population of that correctional 
        facility.
            (7) Correctional facility.--The term ``correctional 
        facility'' means a Federal, State, local, or privately run 
        prison, jail, or juvenile detention facility.

                    TITLE X--COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCES

SEC. 10001. REPEAL OF SUSPENSION OF ELIGIBILITY UNDER THE HIGHER 
              EDUCATION ACT OF 1965 FOR GRANTS, LOANS, AND WORK 
              ASSISTANCE FOR DRUG-RELATED OFFENSES.

    (a) Repeal.--Subsection (r) of section 484 (20 U.S.C. 1091(r)) is 
repealed.
    (b) Revision of FAFSA Form.--Section 483 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1090) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
                            ``(i) Convictions.--The Secretary shall not 
                        include any question about the conviction of an 
                        applicant for the possession or sale of illegal 
                        drugs on the FAFSA (or any other form developed 
                        under subsection (a)).''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--The Act (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) in section 428(b)(3) (20 U.S.C. 1078(b)(3))--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``485(l)'' and 
                inserting ``485(k)''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``485(l)'' and 
                inserting ``485(k)'';
            (2) in section 435(d)(5) (20 U.S.C. 1085(d)(5))--
                    (A) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``485(l)'' and 
                inserting ``485(k)''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (F), by striking ``485(l)'' and 
                inserting ``485(k)'';
            (3) in section 484 (20 U.S.C. 1091), as amended by section 
        6, by redesignating subsections (s), (t), and (u) as 
        subsections (r), (s), and (t), respectively;
            (4) in section 485 (20 U.S.C. 1092)--
                    (A) by striking subsection (k); and
                    (B) by redesignating subsections (l) and (m) as 
                subsections (k) and (l), respectively; and
            (5) in section 487(e)(2)(B)(ii)(IV) (20 U.S.C. 
        1094(e)(2)(B)(ii)(IV)), by striking ``(l) of section 485'' and 
        inserting ``(k) of section 485''.

SEC. 10002. REPEAL OF DENIAL OF ASSISTANCE AND BENEFITS FOR CERTAIN 
              DRUG-RELATED CONVICTIONS.

    The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act 
of 1996 is amended by striking section 115 (21 U.S.C. 862).

SEC. 10003. PROHIBITION ON CRIMINAL HISTORY INQUIRIES PRIOR TO 
              CONDITIONAL OFFER FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT.

    (a) In General.--Subpart H of part III of title 5, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

   ``CHAPTER 92--PROHIBITION ON CRIMINAL HISTORY INQUIRIES PRIOR TO 
                           CONDITIONAL OFFER

``Sec.
``9201. Definitions.
``9202. Limitations on requests for criminal history record 
                            information.
``9203. Agency policies; complaint procedures.
``9204. Adverse action.
``9205. Procedures.
``9206. Rules of construction.
``Sec. 9201. Definitions
    ``In this chapter--
            ``(1) the term `agency' means `Executive agency' as such 
        term is defined in section 105 and includes--
                    ``(A) the United States Postal Service and the 
                Postal Regulatory Commission; and
                    ``(B) the Executive Office of the President;
            ``(2) the term `appointing authority' means an employee in 
        the executive branch of the Government of the United States 
        that has authority to make appointments to positions in the 
        civil service;
            ``(3) the term `conditional offer' means an offer of 
        employment in a position in the civil service that is 
        conditioned upon the results of a criminal history inquiry;
            ``(4) the term `criminal history record information'--
                    ``(A) except as provided in subparagraph (B), has 
                the meaning given the term in section 9101(a);
                    ``(B) includes any information described in the 
                first sentence of section 9101(a)(2) that has been 
                sealed or expunged pursuant to law; and
                    ``(C) includes information collected by a criminal 
                justice agency, relating to an act or alleged act of 
                juvenile delinquency, that is analogous to criminal 
                history record information (including such information 
                that has been sealed or expunged pursuant to law); and
            ``(5) the term `suspension' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 7501.
``Sec. 9202. Limitations on requests for criminal history record 
              information
    ``(a) Inquiries Prior to Conditional Offer.--Except as provided in 
subsections (b) and (c), an employee of an agency may not request, in 
oral or written form (including through the Declaration for Federal 
Employment (Office of Personnel Management Optional Form 306), or any 
similar successor form), including through the USAJOBS internet website 
or any other electronic means, that an applicant for an appointment to 
a position in the civil service disclose criminal history record 
information regarding the applicant before the appointing authority 
extends a conditional offer to the applicant.
    ``(b) Otherwise Required by Law.--The prohibition under subsection 
(a) shall not apply with respect to an applicant for a position in the 
civil service if consideration of criminal history record information 
prior to a conditional offer with respect to the position is otherwise 
required by law.
    ``(c) Exception for Certain Positions.--The prohibition under 
subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to an applicant for an 
appointment to a position--
            ``(1) that requires a determination of eligibility 
        described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of section 
        9101(b)(1)(A); or
            ``(2) as a Federal law enforcement officer (as defined in 
        section 115(c) of title 18).
``Sec. 9203. Agency policies; complaint procedures
    ``The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall--
            ``(1) develop, implement, and publish a policy to assist 
        employees of agencies in complying with section 9202 and the 
        regulations issued pursuant to such section; and
            ``(2) establish and publish procedures under which an 
        applicant for an appointment to a position in the civil service 
        may submit a complaint, or any other information, relating to 
        compliance by an employee of an agency with section 9202.
``Sec. 9204. Adverse action
    ``(a) First Violation.--If the Director of the Office of Personnel 
Management determines, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing on 
the record, that an employee of an agency has violated section 9202, 
the Director shall--
            ``(1) issue to the employee a written warning that includes 
        a description of the violation and the additional penalties 
        that may apply for subsequent violations; and
            ``(2) file such warning in the employee's official 
        personnel record file.
    ``(b) Subsequent Violations.--If the Director of the Office of 
Personnel Management determines, after notice and an opportunity for a 
hearing on the record, that an employee that was subject to subsection 
(a) has committed a subsequent violation of section 9202, the Director 
may take the following action:
            ``(1) For a second violation, suspension of the employee 
        for a period of not more than 7 days.
            ``(2) For a third violation, suspension of the employee for 
        a period of more than 7 days.
            ``(3) For a fourth violation--
                    ``(A) suspension of the employee for a period of 
                more than 7 days; and
                    ``(B) a civil penalty against the employee in an 
                amount that is not more than $250.
            ``(4) For a fifth violation--
                    ``(A) suspension of the employee for a period of 
                more than 7 days; and
                    ``(B) a civil penalty against the employee in an 
                amount that is not more than $500.
            ``(5) For any subsequent violation--
                    ``(A) suspension of the employee for a period of 
                more than 7 days; and
                    ``(B) a civil penalty against the employee in an 
                amount that is not more than $1,000.
``Sec. 9205. Procedures
    ``(a) Appeals.--The Director of the Office of Personnel Management 
shall by rule establish procedures providing for an appeal from any 
adverse action taken under section 9204 by not later than 30 days after 
the date of the action.
    ``(b) Applicability of Other Laws.--An adverse action taken under 
section 9204 (including a determination in an appeal from such an 
action under subsection (a) of this section) shall not be subject to--
            ``(1) the procedures under chapter 75; or
            ``(2) except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, 
        appeal or judicial review.
``Sec. 9206. Rules of construction
    ``Nothing in this chapter may be construed to--
            ``(1) authorize any officer or employee of an agency to 
        request the disclosure of information described under 
        subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 9201(4); or
            ``(2) create a private right of action for any person.''.
    (b) Regulations; Effective Date.--
            (1) Regulations.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Personnel 
        Management shall issue such regulations as are necessary to 
        carry out chapter 92 of title 5, United States Code (as added 
        by this Act).
            (2) Effective date.--Section 9202 of title 5, United States 
        Code (as added by this Act), shall take effect on the date that 
        is 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of chapters for 
part III of title 5, United States Code, is amended by inserting after 
the item relating to chapter 91 the following:

``92. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries prior to        9201''.
                            conditional offer.
    (d) Application to Legislative Branch.--
            (1) In general.--The Congressional Accountability Act of 
        1995 (2 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 102(a) (2 U.S.C. 1302(a)), by adding 
                at the end the following:
            ``(12) Section 9202 of title 5, United States Code.'';
                    (B) by redesignating section 207 (2 U.S.C. 1317) as 
                section 208; and
                    (C) by inserting after section 206 (2 U.S.C. 1316) 
                the following new section:

``SEC. 207. RIGHTS AND PROTECTIONS RELATING TO CRIMINAL HISTORY 
              INQUIRIES.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section, the terms `agency', `criminal 
history record information', and `suspension' have the meanings given 
the terms in section 9201 of title 5, United States Code, except as 
otherwise modified by this section.
    ``(b) Restrictions on Criminal History Inquiries.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), an employee of an employing office 
                may not request that an applicant for employment as a 
                covered employee disclose criminal history record 
                information if the request would be prohibited under 
                section 9202 of title 5, United States Code, if made by 
                an employee of an agency.
                    ``(B) Conditional offer.--For purposes of applying 
                section 9202 of title 5, United States Code, under 
                subparagraph (A), a reference in such section to a 
                conditional offer in such section shall be considered 
                to be an offer of employment to a covered employee that 
                is conditioned upon the results of a criminal history 
                inquiry.
            ``(2) Rules of construction.--The provisions of section 
        9206 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to employing 
        offices, consistent with regulations issued under subsection 
        (d).
    ``(c) Remedy.--
            ``(1) In general.--The remedy for a violation of subsection 
        (b)(1) shall be such remedy as would be appropriate if awarded 
        under section 9204 of title 5, United States Code, if the 
        violation had been committed by an employee of an agency, 
        consistent with regulations issued under subsection (d), except 
        that the reference in that section to a suspension shall be 
        considered to be a suspension with the level of compensation 
        provided for a covered employee who is taking unpaid leave 
        under section 202.
            ``(2) Process for obtaining relief.--An applicant for 
        employment as a covered employee who alleges a violation of 
        subsection (b)(1) may rely on the provisions of title IV (other 
        than sections 404(2), 407, and 408), consistent with 
        regulations issued under subsection (d).
    ``(d) Regulations To Implement Section.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date 
        of enactment of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 
        2017, the Board shall, pursuant to section 304, issue 
        regulations to implement this section.
            ``(2) Parallel with agency regulations.--The regulations 
        issued under paragraph (1) shall be the same as substantive 
        regulations issued by the Director of the Office of Personnel 
        Management under section 2(b)(1) of the Fair Chance to Compete 
        for Jobs Act of 2017 to implement the statutory provisions 
        referred to in subsections (a) through (c) except to the extent 
        that the Board may determine, for good cause shown and stated 
        together with the regulation, that a modification of such 
        regulations would be more effective for the implementation of 
        the rights and protections under this section.
    ``(e) Effective Date.--Section 102(a)(12) and subsections (a) 
through (c) shall take effect on the date on which section 9202 of 
title 5, United States Code, applies with respect to agencies.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents of such Act 
        is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating the item relating to section 
                207 as the item relating to section 208; and
                    (B) by inserting after the item relating to section 
                206 the following new item:

``Sec. 207. Rights and protections relating to criminal history 
                            inquiries.''.
    (e) Application to Judicial Branch.--
            (1) In general.--Section 604 of title 28, United States 
        Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(i) Restrictions on Criminal History Inquiries.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) the terms `agency' and `criminal history 
                record information' have the meanings given those terms 
                in section 9201 of title 5;
                    ``(B) the term `covered employee' means an employee 
                of the judicial branch of the United States Government, 
                other than--
                            ``(i) any judge or justice who is entitled 
                        to hold office during good behavior;
                            ``(ii) a United States magistrate judge; or
                            ``(iii) a bankruptcy judge; and
                    ``(C) the term `employing office' means any office 
                or entity of the judicial branch of the United States 
                Government that employs covered employees.
            ``(2) Restriction.--A covered employee may not request that 
        an applicant for employment as a covered employee disclose 
        criminal history record information if the request would be 
        prohibited under section 9202 of title 5 if made by an employee 
        of an agency.
            ``(3) Employing office policies; complaint procedure.--The 
        provisions of sections 9203 and 9206 of title 5 shall apply to 
        employing offices and to applicants for employment as covered 
        employees, consistent with regulations issued by the Director 
        to implement this subsection.
            ``(4) Adverse action.--
                    ``(A) Adverse action.--The Director may take such 
                adverse action with respect to a covered employee who 
                violates paragraph (2) as would be appropriate under 
                section 9204 of title 5 if the violation had been 
                committed by an employee of an agency.
                    ``(B) Appeals.--The Director shall by rule 
                establish procedures providing for an appeal from any 
                adverse action taken under subparagraph (A) by not 
                later than 30 days after the date of the action.
                    ``(C) Applicability of other laws.--Except as 
                provided in subparagraph (B), an adverse action taken 
                under subparagraph (A) (including a determination in an 
                appeal from such an action under subparagraph (B)) 
                shall not be subject to appeal or judicial review.
            ``(5) Regulations to be issued.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 18 months after 
                the date of enactment of the Fair Chance to Compete for 
                Jobs Act of 2017, the Director shall issue regulations 
                to implement this subsection.
                    ``(B) Parallel with agency regulations.--The 
                regulations issued under subparagraph (A) shall be the 
                same as substantive regulations promulgated by the 
                Director of the Office of Personnel Management under 
                section 2(b)(1) of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs 
                Act of 2017 except to the extent that the Director of 
                the Administrative Office of the United States Courts 
                may determine, for good cause shown and stated together 
                with the regulation, that a modification of such 
                regulations would be more effective for the 
                implementation of the rights and protections under this 
                subsection.
            ``(6) Effective date.--Paragraphs (1) through (4) shall 
        take effect on the date on which section 9202 of title 5 
        applies with respect to agencies.''.

SEC. 10004. PROHIBITION ON CRIMINAL HISTORY INQUIRIES BY CONTRACTORS 
              PRIOR TO CONDITIONAL OFFER.

    (a) Civilian Agency Contracts.--
            (1) In general.--Division C of subtitle I of title 41, 
        United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
        following new section:
``Sec. 4713. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors 
              prior to conditional offer
    ``(a) Limitation on Criminal History Inquiries.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and 
        (3), an executive agency--
                    ``(A) may not require that an individual or sole 
                proprietor who submits a bid for a contract to disclose 
                criminal history record information regarding that 
                individual or sole proprietor before determining the 
                apparent awardee; and
                    ``(B) shall require as a condition of receiving a 
                Federal contract and receiving payments under such 
                contract that the contractor may not verbally, or 
                through written form, request the disclosure of 
                criminal history record information regarding an 
                applicant for a position related to work under such 
                contract before the contractor extends a conditional 
                offer to the applicant.
            ``(2) Otherwise required by law.--The prohibition under 
        paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to a contract if 
        consideration of criminal history record information prior to a 
        conditional offer with respect to the position is otherwise 
        required by law.
            ``(3) Exception for certain positions.--The prohibition 
        under paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to a contract 
        that requires an individual hired under the contract to access 
        classified information or to have sensitive law enforcement or 
        national security duties.
    ``(b) Complaint Procedures.--The Administrator of General Services 
shall establish and publish procedures under which an applicant for a 
position with a Federal contractor may submit to the Administrator a 
complaint, or any other information, relating to compliance by the 
contractor with subsection (a)(1)(B).
    ``(c) Action for Violations of Prohibition on Criminal History 
Inquiries.--
            ``(1) First violation.--If the head of an executive agency 
        determines that a contractor has violated subsection (a)(1)(B), 
        such head shall--
                    ``(A) notify the contractor;
                    ``(B) provide 30 days after such notification for 
                the contractor to appeal the determination; and
                    ``(C) issue a written warning to the contractor 
                that includes a description of the violation and the 
                additional remedies that may apply for subsequent 
                violations.
            ``(2) Subsequent violation.--If the head of an executive 
        agency determines that a contractor that was subject to 
        paragraph (1) has committed a subsequent violation of 
        subsection (a)(1)(B), such head shall notify the contractor, 
        shall provide 30 days after such notification for the 
        contractor to appeal the determination, and, in consultation 
        with the relevant Federal agencies, may take actions, depending 
        on the severity of the infraction and the contractor's history 
        of violations, including--
                    ``(A) providing written guidance to the contractor 
                that the contractor's eligibility for contracts 
                requires compliance with this section;
                    ``(B) requiring that the contractor respond within 
                30 days affirming that the contractor is taking steps 
                to comply with this section;
                    ``(C) suspending payment under the contract for 
                which the applicant was being considered;
                    ``(D) terminating the contract under which the 
                applicant was being considered; and
                    ``(E) referring the contractor to the suspension 
                and debarment office of the agency for consideration of 
                actions pursuant to section 9.4 of the Federal 
                Acquisition Regulation.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Conditional offer.--The term `conditional offer' 
        means an offer of employment for a position related to work 
        under a contract that is conditioned upon the results of a 
        criminal history inquiry.
            ``(2) Criminal history record information.--The term 
        `criminal history record information' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 9201 of title 5.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections for division 
        C of subtitle I of title 41, United States Code, is amended by 
        inserting after the item relating to section 4712 the following 
        new item:

``4713. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior 
                            to conditional offer.''.
            (3) Effective date.--Section 4713(a) of title 41, United 
        States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall apply with 
        respect to contracts awarded pursuant to solicitations issued 
        after the effective date described in section 2(b)(2) of this 
        Act.
    (b) Defense Contracts.--
            (1) In general.--Chapter 137 of title 10, United States 
        Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        section:
``Sec. 2338. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors 
              prior to conditional offer
    ``(a) Limitation on Criminal History Inquiries.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and 
        (3), the head of an agency--
                    ``(A) may not require that an individual or sole 
                proprietor who submits a bid for a contract to disclose 
                criminal history record information regarding that 
                individual or sole proprietor before determining the 
                apparent awardee; and
                    ``(B) shall require as a condition of receiving a 
                Federal contract and receiving payments under such 
                contract that the contractor may not verbally or 
                through written form request the disclosure of criminal 
                history record information regarding an applicant for a 
                position related to work under such contract before 
                such contractor extends a conditional offer to the 
                applicant.
            ``(2) Otherwise required by law.--The prohibition under 
        paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to a contract if 
        consideration of criminal history record information prior to a 
        conditional offer with respect to the position is otherwise 
        required by law.
            ``(3) Exception for certain positions.--The prohibition 
        under paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to a contract 
        that requires an individual hired under the contract to access 
        classified information or to have sensitive law enforcement or 
        national security duties.
    ``(b) Complaint Procedures.--The Secretary of Defense shall 
establish and publish procedures under which an applicant for a 
position with a Department of Defense contractor may submit a 
complaint, or any other information, relating to compliance by the 
contractor with subsection (a)(1)(B).
    ``(c) Action for Violations of Prohibition on Criminal History 
Inquiries.--
            ``(1) First violation.--If the Secretary of Defense 
        determines that a contractor has violated subsection (a)(1)(B), 
        the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) notify the contractor;
                    ``(B) provide 30 days after such notification for 
                the contractor to appeal the determination; and
                    ``(C) issue a written warning to the contractor 
                that includes a description of the violation and the 
                additional penalties that may apply for subsequent 
                violations.
            ``(2) Subsequent violations.--If the Secretary of Defense 
        determines that a contractor that was subject to paragraph (1) 
        has committed a subsequent violation of subsection (a)(1)(B), 
        the Secretary shall notify the contractor, shall provide 30 
        days after such notification for the contractor to appeal the 
        determination, and, in consultation with the relevant Federal 
        agencies, may take actions, depending on the severity of the 
        infraction and the contractor's history of violations, 
        including--
                    ``(A) providing written guidance to the contractor 
                that the contractor's eligibility for contracts 
                requires compliance with this section;
                    ``(B) requiring that the contractor respond within 
                30 days affirming that the contractor is taking steps 
                to comply with this section;
                    ``(C) suspending payment under the contract for 
                which the applicant was being considered;
                    ``(D) terminating the contract under which the 
                applicant was being considered; and
                    ``(E) referring the contractor to the suspension 
                and debarment office of the agency for consideration of 
                actions pursuant to section 9.4 of the Federal 
                Acquisition Regulation.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Conditional offer.--The term `conditional offer' 
        means an offer of employment for a position related to work 
        under a contract that is conditioned upon the results of a 
        criminal history inquiry.
            ``(2) Criminal history record information.--The term 
        `criminal history record information' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 9201 of title 5.''.
            (2) Effective date.--Section 2338(a) of title 10, United 
        States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall apply with 
        respect to contracts awarded pursuant to solicitations issued 
        after the effective date described in section 2(b)(2) of this 
        Act.
            (3) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 
        137 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
        after the item relating to section 2337 the following new item:

``2338. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior 
                            to conditional offer.''.
    (c) Revisions to Federal Acquisition Regulation.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Federal Acquisition Regulatory 
        Council shall revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation to 
        implement section 4713 of title 41, United States Code, and 
        section 2338 of title 10, United States Code, as added by this 
        section.
            (2) Consistency with office of personnel management 
        regulations.--The Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council shall 
        revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation under paragraph (1) 
        to be consistent with the regulations issued by the Director of 
        the Office of Personnel Management under section 2(b)(1) to the 
        maximum extent practicable. The Council shall include together 
        with such revision an explanation of any substantive 
        modification of the Office of Personnel Management regulations, 
        including an explanation of how such modification will more 
        effectively implement the rights and protections under this 
        section.

SEC. 10005. REPORT ON EMPLOYMENT OF INDIVIDUALS FORMERLY INCARCERATED 
              IN FEDERAL PRISONS.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``covered individual''--
            (1) means an individual who has completed a term of 
        imprisonment in a Federal prison for a Federal criminal 
        offense; and
            (2) does not include an alien who is or will be removed 
        from the United States for a violation of the immigration laws 
        (as such term is defined in section 101 of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101)).
    (b) Study and Report Required.--The Director of the Bureau of 
Justice Statistics, in coordination with the Director of the Bureau of 
the Census, shall--
            (1) not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, design and initiate a study on the employment of 
        covered individuals after their release from Federal prison, 
        including by collecting--
                    (A) demographic data on covered individuals, 
                including race, age, and sex; and
                    (B) data on employment and earnings of covered 
                individuals who have been denied employment, including 
                the reasons for the denials; and
            (2) not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, and every 5 years thereafter, submit a report that 
        does not include any personally identifiable information on the 
        study conducted under paragraph (1) to--
                    (A) the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
                Pensions of the Senate;
                    (C) the Committee on Oversight and Government 
                Reform of the House of Representatives; and
                    (D) the Committee on Education and the Workforce of 
                the House of Representatives.

SEC. 10006. PENALTY FOR UNAUTHORIZED PARTICIPATION BY CONVICTED 
              INDIVIDUAL.

    (a) Prohibition.--
            (1) In general.--Except with the prior written consent of 
        the Corporation--
                    (A) any person who has been convicted of any 
                criminal offense involving dishonesty or a breach of 
                trust or money laundering, or has agreed to enter into 
                a pretrial diversion or similar program in connection 
                with a prosecution for such offense, may not--
                            (i) become, or continue as, an institution-
                        affiliated party with respect to any insured 
                        depository institution;
                            (ii) own or control, directly or 
                        indirectly, any insured depository institution; 
                        or
                            (iii) otherwise participate, directly or 
                        indirectly, in the conduct of the affairs of 
                        any insured depository institution; and
                    (B) any insured depository institution may not 
                permit any person referred to in subparagraph (A) to 
                engage in any conduct or continue any relationship 
                prohibited under such subparagraph.
            (2) Minimum 10-year prohibition period for certain 
        offenses.--
                    (A) In general.--If the offense referred to in 
                paragraph (1)(A) in connection with any person referred 
                to in such paragraph is--
                            (i) an offense under--
                                    (I) section 215, 656, 657, 1005, 
                                1006, 1007, 1008,1 1014, 1032, 1344, 
                                1517, 1956, or 1957 of title 18; or
                                    (II) section 1341 or 1343 of such 
                                title which affects any financial 
                                institution (as defined in section 20 
                                of such title); or
                            (ii) the offense of conspiring to commit 
                        any such offense, the Corporation may not 
                        consent to any exception to the application of 
                        paragraph (1) to such person during the 10-year 
                        period beginning on the date the conviction or 
                        the agreement of the person becomes final.
                    (B) Exception by order of sentencing court.--
                            (i) In general.--On motion of the 
                        Corporation, the court in which the conviction 
                        or the agreement of a person referred to in 
                        subparagraph (A) has been entered may grant an 
                        exception to the application of paragraph (1) 
                        to such person if granting the exception is in 
                        the interest of justice.
                            (ii) Period for filing.--A motion may be 
                        filed under clause (i) at any time during the 
                        10-year period described in subparagraph (A) 
                        with regard to the person on whose behalf such 
                        motion is made.
    (b) Penalty.--Whoever knowingly violates subsection (a) of this 
section shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 for each day such 
prohibition is violated or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or 
both.
    (d) 2 Bank Holding Companies.--
            (1) In general.--Subsections (a) and (b) shall apply to any 
        company (other than a foreign bank) that is a bank holding 
        company and any organization organized and operated under 
        section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 611 et seq.) 
        or operating under section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 
        U.S.C. 601 et seq.), as if such bank holding company or 
        organization were an insured depository institution, except 
        that such subsections shall be applied for purposes of this 
        subsection by substituting ``Board of Governors of the Federal 
        Reserve System'' for ``Corporation'' each place that term 
        appears in such subsections.
            (2) Authority of board.--The Board of Governors of the 
        Federal Reserve System may provide exemptions, by regulation or 
        order, from the application of paragraph (1) if the exemption 
        is consistent with the purposes of this subsection.
    (e) Savings and Loan Holding Companies.--
            (1) In general.--Subsections (a) and (b) shall apply to any 
        savings and loan holding company as if such savings and loan 
        holding company were an insured depository institution, except 
        that such subsections shall be applied for purposes of this 
        subsection by substituting ``Board of Governors of the Federal 
        Reserve System'' for ``Corporation'' each place that term 
        appears in such subsections.
            (2) Authority of director.--The Board of Governors of the 
        Federal Reserve System may provide exemptions, by regulation or 
        order, from the application of paragraph (1) if the exemption 
        is consistent with the purposes of this subsection.

SEC. 10007. LOWERING THE AGE FOR EXPUNGEMENT OF CERTAIN CONVICTIONS FOR 
              SIMPLE POSSESSION OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES BY NONVIOLENT 
              YOUNG OFFENDERS.

    Section 3607(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``less than twenty-one'' and inserting ``less than twenty-
five''.

SEC. 10008. RESIDENCE OF INCARCERATED INDIVIDUALS.

    Section 141 of title 13, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g)(1) Effective beginning with the 2020 decennial census of 
population, in taking any tabulation of total population by States 
under subsection (a) for purposes of the apportionment of 
Representatives in Congress among the several States, the Secretary 
shall, with respect to an individual incarcerated in a State, Federal, 
county, or municipal correctional center as of the date on which such 
census is taken, attribute such individual to such individual's last 
place of residence before incarceration.
    ``(2) In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall consult 
with each State department of corrections to collect the information 
necessary to make the determination required under paragraph (1).''.

                         TITLE XI--GUN VIOLENCE

SEC. 11001. DEFINITIONS OF ``INTIMATE PARTNER'' AND ``MISDEMEANOR CRIME 
              OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE'' EXPANDED.

    Section 921(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (32)--
                    (A) by striking ``and an individual'' and inserting 
                ``an individual''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, or a dating partner (as 
                defined in section 2266) or former dating partner'' 
                before the period at the end; and
            (2) in paragraph (33)(A)(ii)--
                    (A) by striking ``or by'' and inserting ``by''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, or by a dating partner (as 
                defined in section 2266) or former dating partner of 
                the victim'' before the period at the end.

SEC. 11002. UNLAWFUL SALE OF FIREARM TO A PERSON SUBJECT TO COURT 
              ORDER.

    Section 922(d)(8) of title 18, United States Code, is amended to 
read as follows:
            ``(8) is subject to a court order described in subsection 
        (g)(8); or''.

SEC. 11003. LIST OF PERSONS SUBJECT TO A RESTRAINING OR SIMILAR ORDER 
              PROHIBITED FROM POSSESSING OR RECEIVING A FIREARM 
              EXPANDED.

    Section 922(g)(8) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``that'';
            (2) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A)(i) that was issued after a hearing of which 
                such person received actual notice, and at which such 
                person had an opportunity to participate; or
                    ``(ii) in the case of an ex parte order, relating 
                to which notice and opportunity to be heard are 
                provided--
                            ``(I) within the time required by State, 
                        tribal, or territorial law; and
                            ``(II) in any event within a reasonable 
                        time after the order is issued, sufficient to 
                        protect the person's right to due process;
                    ``(B) that restrains such person from--
                            ``(i) harassing, stalking, threatening, or 
                        engaging in other conduct that would put an 
                        individual in reasonable fear of bodily injury 
                        to such individual, including an order that was 
                        issued at the request of an employer on behalf 
                        of its employee or at the request of an 
                        institution of higher education on behalf of 
                        its student; or
                            ``(ii) intimidating or dissuading a witness 
                        from testifying in court; and''; and
            (3) in subparagraph (C)--
                    (A) by striking ``intimate partner or child'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``individual described 
                in subparagraph (B)'';
                    (B) in clause (i), by inserting ``that'' before 
                ``includes''; and
                    (C) in clause (ii), by inserting ``that'' before 
                ``by its''.

SEC. 11004. STALKING PROHIBITIONS.

    (a) Sales or Other Dispositions of Firearms or Ammunition.--Section 
922(d) of title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 3 of this 
Act, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (8);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (9) and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following:
            ``(10) has been convicted in any court of--
                    ``(A) a misdemeanor crime of stalking under 
                Federal, State, territorial, or tribal law; or
                    ``(B) a crime that involves conduct which would be 
                prohibited by section 2261A if committed within the 
                special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the 
                United States.''.
    (b) Possession, etc., of Firearms or Ammunition.--Section 922(g) of 
such title, as amended by section 4 of this Act, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (8);
            (2) by striking the comma at the end of paragraph (9) and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following:
            ``(10) has been convicted in any court of--
                    ``(A) a misdemeanor crime of stalking under 
                Federal, State, territorial, or tribal law; or
                    ``(B) a crime that involves conduct which would be 
                prohibited by section 2261A if committed within the 
                special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the 
                United States,''.

SEC. 11005. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds as follows:
            (1) As of December 4, 2017, there have been 56,825 
        incidents of gun violence in the United States in 2017.
            (2) As of December 4, 2017, there have been 14,319 deaths 
        related to gun violence in the United States in 2017.
            (3) Defining a mass shooting as an incident of violence 
        during which four or more people are shot, not including the 
        shooter--
                    (A) there have been 327 mass shootings in the 
                United States in 2017;
                    (B) on average, there is more than one mass 
                shooting each day in the United States; and
                    (C) there have been more than 1,500 mass shootings 
                in the United States since the shooting at Sandy Hook 
                Elementary in 2012.

SEC. 11006. RESEARCH ON MENTAL HEALTH, GUN VIOLENCE, AND HOW THEY 
              INTERSECT.

    Effective on the date of enactment of the Consolidated 
Appropriations Act, 2016 (Public Law 114-113), section 210 (prohibiting 
the availability of funds to advocate or promote gun control) of title 
II of division H of such Act (relating to the Department of Health and 
Human Services) is amended to read as follows:
    ``Sec. 210.  None of the funds made available in this title may be 
used, in whole or in part, to advocate or promote gun control. Nothing 
in this section shall be construed to limit funding for the conduct or 
support of research on mental health, gun violence, and how they 
intersect.''.

SEC. 11007. REPORT ON EFFECTS OF GUN VIOLENCE ON PUBLIC HEALTH.

    Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, and annually thereafter, the Surgeon General of the Public Health 
Service shall submit to Congress a report on the effects on public 
health, including mental health, of gun violence in the United States 
during the preceding year, and the status of actions taken to address 
such effects.

SEC. 11008. REPORT ON EFFECTS OF GUN VIOLENCE ON MENTAL HEALTH IN 
              MINORITY COMMUNITIES.

    Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Minority Health in the Office 
of the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit to Congress 
a report on the effects of gun violence on public health, including 
mental health, in minority communities in the United States, and the 
status of actions taken to address such effects.
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