Title: Biennial Budgeting and Enhanced Oversight Act of 2017
Policy area: Economics and Public Finance

Summary:
Biennial Budgeting and Enhanced Oversight Act of 2017
This bill amends the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Congressional Budget Impoundment and Control Act of 1974, and the Rules of the House of Representatives to change the process for the President's budget submission, congressional budget resolutions, appropriations bills, and government strategic and performance plans from the current annual process to a biennial process, in which a biennium is the two consecutive fiscal years beginning on October 1 of any odd-numbered year.
The House Budget Committee must use the second session of each Congress to study issues with long-term budgetary and economic implications.
The bill creates a point of order in the House and Senate against authorizations of appropriations that do not include specific authorizations covering at least each fiscal year in one or more bienniums.

[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1065 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






115th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 1065

    To establish biennial budgets for the United States Government.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           February 15, 2017

Mr. Messer (for himself, Mr. Schrader, Mr. Cartwright, Mr. DesJarlais, 
  Mr. Swalwell of California, Mr. O'Rourke, Mr. Roe of Tennessee, Mr. 
  Moulton, Mr. Rodney Davis of Illinois, Mr. Delaney, Mr. Zeldin, Mr. 
 Stivers, Mr. LoBiondo, Mr. Russell, Mr. Marshall, Mrs. Walorski, Ms. 
 Sinema, Mr. Wittman, Ms. Gabbard, Mr. Soto, Mr. Walz, Mr. Duffy, Mr. 
 Peters, Mr. Bucshon, Mr. Sensenbrenner, Mr. DeSaulnier, Mr. DeFazio, 
Mr. Bost, Mr. Cooper, Mr. Franks of Arizona, Mr. Cook, Mr. Gohmert, Mr. 
Hultgren, Mr. Pittenger, Ms. Michelle Lujan Grisham of New Mexico, Mr. 
  Costello of Pennsylvania, Mr. Guthrie, Mr. Hill, Ms. Stefanik, Mr. 
     Mooney of West Virginia, Mr. Jones, Mr. Upton, Mr. Katko, Mr. 
 Goodlatte, Mr. Collins of New York, Mrs. Blackburn, Mrs. Bustos, and 
    Ms. Jenkins of Kansas) introduced the following bill; which was 
    referred to the Committee on the Budget, and in addition to the 
Committees on Oversight and Government Reform, and Rules, for a period 
    to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
                          committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To establish biennial budgets for the United States Government.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Biennial Budgeting and Enhanced 
Oversight Act of 2017''.

                 TITLE I--CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET PROCESS

SEC. 101. PURPOSES.

    Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 2 of the Congressional Budget and 
Impoundment Control Act of 1974 are amended to read as follows:
            ``(1) to assure effective control over the budgetary 
        process;
            ``(2) to facilitate the determination biennially of the 
        appropriate level of Federal revenues and expenditures by the 
        Congress and the President;''.

SEC. 102. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 3 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act 
of 1974 is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(12) The term `direct spending' has the meaning given to 
        such term in section 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and 
        Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.
            ``(13) The term `biennium' means the period of 2 
        consecutive fiscal years beginning on October 1 of any odd-
        numbered year.''.

SEC. 103. REVISION OF TIMETABLE.

    Section 300 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 631) 
is amended to read as follows:

                              ``timetable

    ``Sec. 300. The timetable with respect to the congressional budget 
process for any Congress (beginning with the One Hundred Sixteenth 
Congress) is as follows:


                                                 ``First Session
On or before:                             Action to be completed:
First Monday in February................  President submits budget recommendations.
February 15.............................  Congressional Budget Office submits report to Budget Committees.
Not later than 6 weeks after budget       Committees submit views and estimates to Budget Committees.
 submission.
April 1.................................  Budget Committees report concurrent resolution on the biennial budget.
April 15................................  Congress completes action on concurrent resolution on the biennial
                                           budget.
May 15..................................  Biennial appropriation bills may be considered in the House of
                                           Representatives.
June 10.................................  House Appropriations Committee reports last biennial appropriation
                                           bill.
June 15.................................  Congress completes action on reconciliation legislation.
June 30.................................  House completes action on biennial appropriation bills.
October 1...............................  Biennium begins.
 



                                                ``Second Session
On or before:                             Action to be completed:
First Monday in February................  President submits budget review.
Not later than 6 weeks after President    Congressional Budget Office submits report to Budget Committees.''.
 submits budget review.
 

SEC. 104. BIENNIAL CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS ON THE BUDGET.

    (a) Contents of Resolution.--Section 301(a) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 632(a)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by--
                    (A) striking ``April 15 of each year'' and 
                inserting ``April 15 of each odd-numbered year'';
                    (B) striking ``the fiscal year beginning on October 
                1 of such year'' the first place it appears and 
                inserting ``the biennium beginning on October 1 of such 
                year'';
                    (C) striking ``the fiscal year beginning on October 
                1 of such year'' the second place it appears and 
                inserting ``each fiscal year in such period''; and
                    (D) striking ``each of the 4 ensuing fiscal years'' 
                and inserting ``each fiscal year in the next 2 
                bienniums'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(4) subtotals of new budget authority and outlays for 
        nondefense discretionary spending, defense discretionary 
        spending, Medicare, Medicaid and other health-related spending, 
        other direct spending (excluding interest), and net 
        interest;'';
            (3) in paragraph (6), by striking ``for the fiscal year'' 
        and inserting ``for each fiscal year in the biennium''; and
            (4) in paragraph (7), by striking ``for the fiscal year'' 
        and inserting ``for each fiscal year in the biennium''.
    (b) Additional Matters in Concurrent Resolution.--Section 301(b) of 
the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1), and by striking paragraphs 
        (6) through (9);
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) as 
        paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
            (3) in paragraph (2), as redesignated, by striking ``for 
        such fiscal year'' and inserting ``for either fiscal year in 
        such biennium'';
            (4) by striking paragraph (3), as redesignated, and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(3) set forth such other matters, and require such other 
        procedures, relating to the budget as may be appropriate to 
        carry out the purposes of the Act, but shall not include a 
        suspension or alteration of the application of the motion to 
        strike a provision as set forth in section 310(d)(2) or 
        (h)(2)(F);''; and
            (5) in paragraph (4), as redesignated, by striking the 
        semicolon and inserting a period.
    (c) Views of Other Committees.--Section 301(d) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 632(d)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new sentences: ``Each committee of the Senate or the 
House of Representatives shall review the strategic plans, performance 
plans, and performance reports required under section 306 of title 5, 
United States Code, and sections 1115 and 1116 of title 31, United 
States Code, of all agencies under the jurisdiction of the committee. 
Each committee may provide its views on such plans or reports to the 
Committee on the Budget of the applicable House.''.
    (d) Hearings and Report.--Section 301(e) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 632(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``fiscal year'' and inserting 
                ``biennium''; and
                    (B) by inserting after the second sentence the 
                following: ``On or before April 1 of each odd-numbered 
                year, the Committee on the Budget of each House shall 
                report to its House the concurrent resolution on the 
                budget referred to in subsection (a) for the biennium 
                beginning on October 1 of that year.'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), 
                (D), (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (B), (C), (E), (F), 
                (H), and (I), respectively;
                    (B) before subparagraph (B) (as redesignated), by 
                inserting the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(A) new budget authority and outlays for each 
                major functional category, based on allocations of the 
                total levels set forth pursuant to subsection 
                (a)(1);'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated), by 
                striking ``mandatory'' and inserting ``direct 
                spending'';
                    (D) after subparagraph (C) (as redesignated), by 
                inserting the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) total outlays, total Federal revenues, the 
                surplus or deficit, and new budget authority and 
                outlays for nondefense discretionary spending, defense 
                discretionary spending, Medicare, Medicaid and other 
                health-related spending, other direct spending 
                (excluding interest), social security and other major 
                functional categories, as appropriate, and net interest 
                as set forth in such resolution as a percentage of the 
                gross domestic product of the United States;''; and
                    (E) after subparagraph (F) (as redesignated), by 
                inserting the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(G) if the concurrent resolution on the budget 
                includes any allocation to a committee other than the 
                Committee on Appropriations of levels in excess of 
                current law levels, a justification for not subjecting 
                any program, project, or activity (for which the 
                allocation is made) to annual discretionary 
                appropriations;''; and
            (3) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A)(i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) 
                as subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively;
                    (ii) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D);
                    (iii) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as 
                subparagraph (D); and
                    (iv) by striking the period at the end of 
                subparagraph (D), as redesignated, and inserting ``; 
                and'';
                    (B) before subparagraph (B), as redesignated, by 
                inserting the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(A) new budget authority and outlays for each 
                major functional category, based on allocations of the 
                total levels set forth pursuant to subsection 
                (a)(1);''; and
                    (C) at the end, by adding the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(E) set forth, if required by subsection (f), the 
                calendar year in which, in the opinion of the Congress, 
                the goals for reducing unemployment set forth in 
                section 4(b) of the Employment Act of 1946 should be 
                achieved.''.
    (e) Goals for Reducing Unemployment.--Section 301(f) of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 632(f)) is amended by 
striking ``fiscal year'' each place it appears and inserting 
``biennium''.
    (f) Economic Assumptions.--Section 301(g)(1) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 632(g)(1)) is amended by striking ``for a 
fiscal year'' and inserting ``for a biennium''.
    (g) Section Heading.--The section heading of section 301 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 is amended by striking ``annual'' and 
inserting ``biennial''.
    (h) Table of Contents.--The item relating to section 301 in the 
table of contents set forth in section 1(b) of the Congressional Budget 
and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 is amended by striking ``Annual'' 
and inserting ``Biennial''.

SEC. 105. COMMITTEE ALLOCATIONS.

    Section 302 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 633) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1) by--
                    (A) striking ``for the first fiscal year of the 
                resolution,'' and inserting ``for each fiscal year in 
                the biennium,'';
                    (B) striking ``for that period of fiscal years'' 
                and inserting ``for all fiscal years covered by the 
                resolution''; and
                    (C) striking ``for the fiscal year of that 
                resolution'' and inserting ``for each fiscal year in 
                the biennium'';
            (2) in the first sentence of subsection (b), by striking 
        ``subsection (a)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)(1)'';
            (3) in subsection (f)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``for a fiscal year'' and inserting 
                ``for a biennium'';
                    (B) by striking ``the first fiscal year'' and 
                inserting ``either fiscal year of the biennium''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``as 
                reported'';
            (4) in subsection (f)(2)(A), by--
                    (A) striking ``first fiscal year'' and inserting 
                ``each fiscal year of the biennium''; and
                    (B) striking ``the total of fiscal years'' and 
                inserting ``the total of all fiscal years covered by 
                the resolution''; and
            (5) by striking subsection (g).

SEC. 106. MULTIYEAR AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 
is amended by adding after section 315 the following new section:

              ``multiyear authorizations of appropriations

    ``Sec. 316.  (a) It shall not be in order in the House of 
Representatives or the Senate to consider any measure that contains an 
authorization of appropriations for any purpose unless the measure 
includes such an authorization of appropriations for that purpose for 
not less than each fiscal year in one or more bienniums.
    ``(b)(1) For purposes of this section, an authorization of 
appropriations is an authorization for the enactment of an amount of 
appropriations or amounts not to exceed an amount of appropriations 
(whether stated as a sum certain, as a limit, or as such sums as may be 
necessary) for any purpose for a fiscal year.
    ``(2) Subsection (a) does not apply with respect to an 
authorization of appropriations for a single fiscal year for any 
program, project, or activity if the measure containing that 
authorization includes a provision expressly stating the following: 
`Congress finds that no authorization of appropriation will be required 
for [Insert name of applicable program, project, or activity] for any 
subsequent fiscal year.'.
    ``(c) For purposes of this section, the term `measure' means a 
bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents set forth in 
section 1(b) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 
1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 315 the 
following new item:

``Sec. 316. Multiyear authorizations of appropriations.''.

SEC. 107. ADDITIONAL AMENDMENTS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974 
              TO EFFECTUATE BIENNIAL BUDGETING.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 3 of the Congressional Budget and 
Impoundment Control Act of 1974, as amended, is further amended by 
adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(14) The term `Medicare' means programs within budget 
        function 570.
            ``(15) The term `Medicaid and other health-related 
        spending' means programs within budget function 550.
            ``(16) The term `other direct spending' means programs 
        other than those within budget functions 550 and 570, excluding 
        Social Security and net interest.''.
    (b) Completion of House Committee Action on Appropriation Bills.--
Section 307 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 638) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``each year'' and inserting ``each odd-
        numbered year'';
            (2) by striking ``annual'' and inserting ``biennial'';
            (3) by striking ``fiscal year'' and inserting ``biennium''; 
        and
            (4) by striking ``that year'' and inserting ``each odd-
        numbered year''.
    (c) Completion of House Action on Regular Appropriation Bills.--
Section 309 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 640) is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``of any odd-numbered calendar year'' 
        after ``July'';
            (2) by striking ``annual'' and inserting ``biennial''; and
            (3) by striking ``fiscal year'' and inserting ``biennium''.
    (d) Reconciliation Process.--Section 310 of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 641) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``any fiscal year'' and inserting ``any 
        biennium'';
            (2) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``such fiscal year'' 
        each place it appears and inserting ``any fiscal year covered 
        by such resolution''; and
            (3) by striking subsection (f) and redesignating subsection 
        (g) as subsection (f).
    (e) Section 311 Point of Order.--
            (1) In the house of representatives.--Section 311(a)(1) of 
        the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 642(a)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) by striking ``for a fiscal year'' and inserting 
                ``for a biennium'';
                    (B) by striking ``the first fiscal year'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``either fiscal year of 
                the biennium''; and
                    (C) by striking ``that first fiscal year'' and 
                inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium''.
            (2) In the senate.--Section 311(a)(2) of the Congressional 
        Budget Act of 1974 is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``for the 
                first fiscal year'' and inserting ``for either fiscal 
                year of the biennium''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking ``that first fiscal year'' 
                        the first place it appears and inserting ``each 
                        fiscal year in the biennium''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``that first fiscal year 
                        and the ensuing fiscal years'' and inserting 
                        ``all fiscal years''.
            (3) Social security levels.--Section 311(a)(3) of the 
        Congressional Budget Act of 1974 is amended by--
                    (A) striking ``for the first fiscal year'' and 
                inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium''; and
                    (B) striking ``that fiscal year and the ensuing 
                fiscal years'' and inserting ``all fiscal years''.
            (4) Exception.--Section 311(c) of the Congressional Budget 
        Act of 1974 is amended by inserting ``with respect to new 
        budget authority or outlays'' after ``shall not apply''.
    (f) Maximum Deficit Amount Point of Order.--Section 312(c) of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 643) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``for a fiscal year'' and inserting ``for a 
        biennium'';
            (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``first fiscal year'' and 
        inserting ``either fiscal year in the biennium'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``that fiscal year'' and 
        inserting ``either fiscal year in the biennium''; and
            (4) in the matter following paragraph (2), by striking 
        ``that fiscal year'' and inserting ``the applicable fiscal 
        year''.

     TITLE II--CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO THE RULES OF THE HOUSE OF 
        REPRESENTATIVES AND THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 1974

SEC. 201. AMENDMENTS TO THE RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TO 
              EFFECTUATE BIENNIAL BUDGETING.

    (a) Clause 2(a) of rule XXI of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
    ``(3)(A) Except as provided by subdivision (B), an appropriation 
may not be reported in a general appropriation bill (other than a 
supplemental appropriation bill), and may not be in order as an 
amendment thereto, unless it provides new budget authority or 
establishes a level of obligations under contract authority for each 
fiscal year of a biennium.
    ``(B) Subdivision (A) does not apply with respect to an 
appropriation for a single fiscal year for any program, project, or 
activity if the bill or amendment thereto containing that appropriation 
includes a provision expressly stating the following: `Congress finds 
that no additional funding beyond one fiscal year will be required and 
the [Insert name of applicable program, project, or activity] will be 
completed or terminated after the amount provided has been expended.'.
    ``(C) For purposes of paragraph (b), the statement set forth in 
subdivision (B) with respect to an appropriation for a single fiscal 
year for any program, project, or activity may be included in a general 
appropriation bill or amendment thereto.''.
    (b) Clause 4(a)(1)(A) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by inserting ``odd-numbered'' after 
``each''.
    (c) Clause 4(a)(4) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``fiscal year'' and inserting 
``biennium''.
    (d) Clause 4(b)(2) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``each fiscal year'' and 
inserting ``the biennium''.
    (e) Clause 4(b) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``and'' at the end of 
subparagraph (5), by striking the period and inserting ``; and'' at the 
end of subparagraph (6), and by adding at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
            ``(7) use the second session of each Congress to study 
        issues with long-term budgetary and economic implications.''.
    (f) Clause 4(e) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``annually'' each place it 
appears and inserting ``biennially'' and by striking ``annual'' and 
inserting ``biennial''.
    (g) Clause 4(f) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``during each odd-numbered year'' after 
        ``the submission of the budget by the President'';
            (2) by striking ``fiscal year'' the first place it appears 
        and inserting ``biennium''; and
            (3) by striking ``that fiscal year'' and inserting ``each 
        fiscal year in such ensuing biennium''.
    (h) Clause 5(b)(1) of rule XXII of the House of Representatives is 
amended by striking ``or (c)'' and inserting ``or (3) or 2(c)''.
    (i) Clause 11(i) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``during the same or preceding 
fiscal year''.
    (j) Clause 3(d)(2)(A) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``five'' both places it appears 
and inserting ``six''.
    (k) Clause 5(a)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is amended by striking ``fiscal year after September 15 
in the preceding fiscal year'' and inserting ``biennium after September 
15 of the calendar year in which such biennium begins''.

SEC. 202. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET ACT OF 
              1974.

    (a) Section 202(e).--Section 202(e)(1)(C) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 is amended by striking ``(b)(2)(A) and for excise 
taxes assumed to be extended under section 257(b)(2)(C)''.
    (b) Section 302(f)(1).--Section 302(f)(1) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 is amended by inserting ``or outlays'' after ``new 
budget authority''.
    (c) Section 308(a).--Section 308(a)(3)(C) of the Congressional 
Budget Act of 1974 is repealed.
    (d) Section 308(d).--Section 308(d) of the Congressional Budget Act 
of 1974 is amended by striking ``252(d)(5)'' and inserting ``252(c)''.

  TITLE III--CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO TITLES 1, 5, 31, AND 39, UNITED 
                              STATES CODE

SEC. 301. TWO-YEAR APPROPRIATIONS; TITLE AND STYLE OF APPROPRIATION 
              ACTS.

    Section 105 of title 1, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:
``Sec. 105. Title and style of appropriation Acts
    ``(a) The style and title of all Acts making appropriations for the 
support of the Government shall be as follows: `An Act making 
appropriations [here insert the object] for each fiscal year in the 
biennium of fiscal years [here insert the fiscal years of the 
biennium].'.
    ``(b) All Acts making regular appropriations for the support of the 
Government shall be enacted for a biennium and shall specify the amount 
of appropriations provided for each fiscal year in such period.
    ``(c) For purposes of this section, the term `biennium' has the 
same meaning as in section 3(13) of the Congressional Budget and 
Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 622(13)).''.

SEC. 302. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 31, UNITED STATES CODE.

    (a) Definition.--Section 1101 of title 31, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) `biennium' has the meaning given to such term in 
        paragraph (13) of section 3 of the Congressional Budget and 
        Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 622(12)).''.
    (b) Budget Contents and Submission to the Congress.--
            (1) Schedule.--The matter preceding paragraph (1) in 
        section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, is amended to 
        read as follows:
    ``(a) On or before the first Tuesday in February of each odd-
numbered year, beginning with the One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, the 
President shall transmit to the Congress the budget for the biennium 
beginning on October 1 of such calendar year. The budget transmitted 
under this subsection shall include a budget message and summary and 
supporting information. The President shall include in each budget 
submission the following:''.
            (2) Expenditures.--Section 1105(a)(5) of title 31, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``the fiscal year for which 
        the budget is submitted and the 4 fiscal years after that 
        year'' and inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium for 
        which the budget is submitted and in the succeeding 4 years''.
            (3) Receipts.--Section 1105(a)(6) of title 31, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``the fiscal year for which 
        the budget is submitted and the 4 fiscal years after that 
        year'' and inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium for 
        which the budget is submitted and in the succeeding 4 years''.
            (4) Balance statements.--Section 1105(a)(9)(C) of title 31, 
        United States Code, is amended by striking ``the fiscal year'' 
        and inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium''.
            (5) Government functions and activities.--Section 
        1105(a)(12) of title 31, United States Code, is amended in 
        subparagraph (A), by striking ``the fiscal year'' and inserting 
        ``each fiscal year in the biennium''.
            (6) Allowances.--Section 1105(a)(13) of title 31, United 
        States Code, is amended by striking ``the fiscal year'' and 
        inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium''.
            (7) Allowances for unanticipated and uncontrollable 
        expenditures.--Section 1105(a)(14) of title 31, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``that year'' and inserting ``each 
        fiscal year in the biennium for which the budget is 
        submitted''.
            (8) Tax expenditures.--Section 1105(a)(16) of title 31, 
        United States Code, is amended by striking ``the fiscal year'' 
        and inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium''.
            (9) Estimates for future years.--Section 1105(a)(17) of 
        title 31, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``the fiscal year following the 
                fiscal year'' and inserting ``each fiscal year in the 
                biennium following the biennium'';
                    (B) by striking ``that following fiscal year'' and 
                inserting ``each such fiscal year''; and
                    (C) by striking ``fiscal year before the fiscal 
                year'' and inserting ``biennium before the biennium''.
            (10) Prior year outlays.--Section 1105(a)(18) of title 31, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``the prior fiscal year'' and 
                inserting ``each of the 2 most recently completed 
                fiscal years'';
                    (B) by striking ``for that year'' and inserting 
                ``with respect to those fiscal years''; and
                    (C) by striking ``in that year'' and inserting ``in 
                those fiscal years''.
            (11) Budget contents and submission to congress.--Section 
        1105(a)(28) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by 
        striking ``beginning with fiscal year 1999, a'' and inserting 
        ``beginning with fiscal year 2019, a biennial''.
            (12) Information supporting biennial budgets.--Section 
        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by 
        redesignating the second paragraph (37) as paragraph (39) and 
        by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(40) Totals of new budget authority and outlays.
            ``(41) Total Federal revenues and the amount, if any, by 
        which the aggregate level of Federal revenues should be 
        increased or decreased by bills and resolutions to be reported 
        by the appropriate committees.
            ``(42) The surplus or deficit in the budget.
            ``(43) Subtotals of new budget authority and outlays for 
        nondefense discretionary spending, defense discretionary 
        spending, direct spending (excluding interest), contingencies, 
        and net interest.
            ``(44) The public debt.''.
    (c) Estimated Expenditures of Legislative and Judicial Branches.--
Section 1105(b) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``each year'' and inserting ``each even-numbered year''.
    (d) Recommendations To Meet Estimated Deficiencies.--Section 
1105(c) of title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``the fiscal year for'' the first place it 
        appears and inserting ``each fiscal year in the biennium for'';
            (2) by striking ``the fiscal year for'' the second place it 
        appears and inserting ``each fiscal year of the biennium, as 
        the case may be,''; and
            (3) by striking ``that year'' and inserting ``for each year 
        of the biennium''.
    (e) Additional Outyear Data.--Section 1105(d) of title 31, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting ``(1)'' after ``(d)'' and by 
adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(2) Each budget submission shall include a budget message and 
summary and supporting information and, as a separately delineated 
statement, the levels required in paragraphs (40) through (44) of 
subsection (a) for at least each of the 4 ensuing fiscal years after 
the biennium covered by the budget submission under such subsection.''.
    (f) Capital Investment Analysis.--Section 1105(e)(1) of title 31, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``ensuing fiscal year'' and 
inserting ``biennium to which such budget relates''.
    (g) Supplemental Budget Estimates and Changes.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1106(a) of title 31, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by--
                            (i) inserting ``and before February 1 of 
                        each even-numbered year'' after ``Before July 
                        16 of each year''; and
                            (ii) striking ``fiscal year'' and inserting 
                        ``biennium'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``that fiscal 
                year'' and inserting ``each fiscal year in such 
                biennium'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``4 fiscal years 
                following the fiscal year'' and inserting ``at least 4 
                fiscal years following the biennium''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (3), by striking ``fiscal year'' 
                and inserting ``biennium''.
            (2) Changes.--Section 1106(b) of title 31, United States 
        Code, is amended by--
                    (A) striking ``the fiscal year'' and inserting 
                ``each fiscal year in the biennium''; and
                    (B) inserting ``and before February 15 of each 
                even-numbered year'' after ``Before July 16 of each 
                year''.
    (h) Current Programs, Projects, and Activities Estimates.--
            (1) The president.--Section 1109(a) of title 31, United 
        States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``On or before the first Monday 
                after January 3 of each year (on or before February 5 
                in 1986)'' and inserting ``At the same time the budget 
                required by section 1105 is submitted for a biennium''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``the following fiscal year'' and 
                inserting ``each fiscal year of such period''.
            (2) Joint economic committee.--Section 1109(b) of title 31, 
        United States Code, is amended by striking ``before March 1 of 
        each year'' and inserting ``within 6 weeks of the President's 
        budget submission for each odd-numbered year''.
    (i) Year-Ahead Requests for Authorizing Legislation.--Section 1110 
of title 31, United States Code, is amended by--
            (1) striking ``May 16'' and inserting ``March 31''; and
            (2) striking ``year before the year in which the fiscal 
        year begins'' and inserting ``calendar year preceding the 
        calendar year in which the biennium begins''.
    (j) Performance Plans.--Section 1115 of title 31, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter before paragraph (1) by striking 
                ``an annual'' and inserting ``a biennial'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) by inserting after ``program 
                activity'' the following: ``for both years 1 and 2 of 
                the biennial plan'';
                    (C) in paragraph (5) by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (D) in paragraph (6) by striking the period and 
                inserting a semicolon; and inserting ``and'' after the 
                inserted semicolon; and
                    (E) by adding after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) cover each fiscal year of the biennium beginning with 
        the first fiscal year of the next biennial budget cycle.'';
            (2) in subsection (d) by striking ``annual'' and inserting 
        ``biennial''; and
            (3) in paragraph (6) of subsection (f) by striking 
        ``annual'' and inserting ``biennial''.
    (k) Pilot Projects for Performance Budgeting.--Section 1119 of 
title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) of subsection (d), by striking 
        ``annual'' and inserting ``biennial''; and
            (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``annual'' and inserting 
        ``biennial''.
    (l) Managerial Accountability and Flexibility.--Section 9703 of 
title 31, United States Code, relating to managerial accountability, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the first sentence by striking ``Beginning 
                with fiscal year 1999, the'' and inserting ``Beginning 
                with fiscal year 2018, the biennial'' and by striking 
                ``annual''; and
                    (B) by striking ``section 1105(a)(29)'' and 
                inserting ``section 1105(a)(28)''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in the first sentence by striking ``one or'' 
                before ``years'';
                    (B) in the second sentence by striking ``a 
                subsequent year'' and inserting ``for a subsequent 2-
                year period''; and
                    (C) in the third sentence by striking ``three'' and 
                inserting ``four''.

SEC. 303. GOVERNMENT STRATEGIC AND PERFORMANCE PLANS ON A BIENNIAL 
              BASIS.

    (a) Strategic Plans.--(1) Section 306 of title 5, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 1997'' 
        and inserting ``September 30, 2018'';
            (B) in subsection (b)--
                    (i) by striking ``at least every three years'' and 
                inserting ``at least every 4 years''; and
                    (ii) by striking ``five years forward'' and 
                inserting ``six years forward''; and
            (C) in subsection (c), by inserting a comma after 
        ``section'' the second place it appears and adding ``including 
        a strategic plan submitted by September 30, 2018, meeting the 
        requirements of subsection (a)''.
    (2) Section 2802 of title 39, United States Code, is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 1997'' 
        and inserting ``September 30, 2018'';
            (B) in subsection (b), by--
                    (i) striking ``five years forward'' and inserting 
                ``six years forward''; and
                    (ii) striking ``at least every three years'' and 
                inserting ``at least every 4 years''; and
            (C) in subsection (c), by inserting ``, including a 
        strategic plan submitted by September 30, 2018, meeting the 
        requirements of subsection (a)'' before the period.
    (b) Performance Plans.--Section 2803(a) of title 39, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in the matter before paragraph (1), by striking ``an 
        annual'' and inserting ``a biennial'';
            (2) in paragraph (1), by inserting after ``program 
        activity'' the following: ``for both years 1 and 2 of the 
        biennial plan'';
            (3) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (4) in paragraph (6), by striking the period and inserting 
        ``; and''; and
            (5) by adding after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) cover each fiscal year of the biennium beginning with 
        the first fiscal year of the next biennial budget cycle.''.

                        TITLE IV--EFFECTIVE DATE

SEC. 401. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided by subsection (b), the 
amendments made by this Act shall take effect immediately before noon 
January 3, 2019.
    (b) Exception.--The amendments made by section 303 shall take 
effect on September 30, 2018.
                                 <all>