Acting on the Annual Duplication Report Act of 2022
Bill: S.4765 | Sponsor: Sen. Hassan, Margaret Wood (D-NH)
Policy area: Energy

Summary:
Acting on the Annual Duplication Report Act of 2022
This bill requires various activities to implement recommendations identified in a report issued by the Government Accountability Office for reducing fragmentation, overlap, and duplication in federal programs. It specifically addresses recommendations concerning (1) the regulation of radioactive materials and disposal of low-level radioactive waste, and (2) coordination of federal efforts to reduce the risks of chronic health conditions through diet.

To address recommendations made to Congress by the Government 
 Accountability Office and detailed in the annual duplication report, 
                        and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Acting on the Annual Duplication 
Report Act of 2022''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) the annual reports prepared by the Comptroller General 
        of the United States under section 21 of the Joint Resolution 
        entitled ``Joint Resolution increasing the statutory limit on 
        the public debt'', approved February 12, 2010 (31 U.S.C. 712 
        note; Public Law 111-139), have produced approximately 
        $531,000,000,000 in financial benefits for the Federal 
        Government;
            (2) the 2022 report entitled ``Additional Opportunities to 
        Reduce Fragmentation, Overlap, and Duplication and Achieve 
        Billions of Dollars in Financial Benefits'' and numbered GAO-
        22-105301 identified 94 new actions that Congress or the 
        executive branch can take--
                    (A) to improve efficiency and effectiveness across 
                the Federal Government; and
                    (B) to save potentially tens of billions of 
                dollars;
            (3) the financial benefits described in paragraph (2) 
        cannot be realized without full implementation of the actions 
        and recommendations set forth by the Comptroller General of the 
        United States in the report described in that paragraph; and
            (4) of the 94 new actions described in that report, several 
        require legislation to be fully implemented, including 
        recommendations--
                    (A) to improve coordination among 200 Federal 
                efforts to address diet-related chronic illnesses;
                    (B) to encourage the use of lower-risk alternatives 
                to radiation technology; and
                    (C) to clarify statutory authorities for low-level 
                nuclear waste disposal to make that disposal more cost-
                effective.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) it is the responsibility of Congress and the executive 
        branch to take action to implement recommendations made in the 
        annual reports described in subsection (a)(1) on reducing 
        duplication in Federal programs to be good stewards of taxpayer 
        dollars;
            (2) legislation and adequate resources are needed to ensure 
        that all potential financial benefits are realized from the 
        implementation of those recommendations; and
            (3) while some recommendations for congressional action 
        from previous reports have been resolved, Congress must 
        continue to pursue the recommendations that have gone 
        unaddressed in addition to the new recommendations for action 
        presented in the 2022 report described in subsection (a)(2).

SEC. 3. INCREASING COORDINATION AMONG FEDERAL EFFORTS DESIGNED TO 
              ADDRESS DIET-RELATED CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS TO ACHIEVE 
              COST-SAVINGS AND IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES.

    (a) Strategy.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in 
coordination with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall develop and 
implement a strategy to coordinate Federal, diet-related efforts that 
aim to reduce the risk of chronic health conditions among the people of 
the United States. The strategy shall--
            (1) identify an entity within the Department of Health and 
        Human Services to lead the effort to implement the strategy;
            (2) address diet-related chronic health conditions that 
        include--
                    (A) obesity;
                    (B) cardiovascular disease and related risk;
                    (C) diabetes;
                    (D) cancer; and
                    (E) conditions related to bone and muscle health;
            (3) include a plan to coordinate the 200 Federal efforts 
        identified in the report of the Government Accountability 
        Office entitled ``Chronic Health Conditions: Federal Strategy 
        Needed to Coordinate Diet-Related Efforts'', numbered GAO-21-
        593, and dated August 17, 2021, including efforts related to 
        research, education and clinical services, food assistance and 
        access, and regulatory action;
            (4) describe the role of relevant agency heads in ensuring 
        that their agencies assist with coordinating the 200 Federal 
        efforts identified in the report described in paragraph (3);
            (5) identify potential gaps and overlap in and among 
        existing efforts;
            (6) define desired outcomes and establish performance 
        measures to monitor progress toward achieving those outcomes; 
        and
            (7) identify priorities for resource allocation.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Health and Human 
Services, in coordination with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall 
submit a report on the implementation of the strategy described in 
subsection (a), including progress toward achieving outcomes, to--
            (1) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
        of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
        Affairs of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (5) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (6) the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 4. REDUCING AMERICAN RELIANCE ON RADIATION TECHNOLOGY IN FAVOR OF 
              LOWER-RISK ALTERNATIVES.

    (a) Byproduct Material.--Section 81 of the Atomic Energy Act of 
1954 (42 U.S.C. 2111) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``d. Consideration of Alternative Technologies.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Radiation source.--The term `radiation 
                source' has the meaning given the term in section 170H 
                a.
                    ``(B) Radionuclide of concern.--The term 
                `radionuclide of concern' means a radionuclide that, in 
                the determination of the Commission, is sufficiently 
                attractive for use in a radiological dispersal device 
                or for any other malicious purpose such that an 
                alternative to the use of that radionuclide by a 
                licensee under this section should be considered.
            ``(2) Alternatives to radionuclides of concern.--In issuing 
        licenses under this section, the Commission shall consider 
        alternatives to devices or processes that employ radionuclides 
        of concern as a radiation source.
            ``(3) Regulations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this subsection, the Commission 
                shall publish a notice of proposed rulemaking 
                describing how the Commission will incorporate into the 
                licensing process of the Commission under this section 
                consideration of alternatives to devices or processes 
                that employ radionuclides of concern as a radiation 
                source.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--In carrying out subparagraph 
                (A), the Commission shall consider, at a minimum--
                            ``(i) directing potential licensees to 
                        justify any need for technologies employing a 
                        radiation source when a nonradiological 
                        alternative is available and viable; and
                            ``(ii) directing potential licensees to 
                        consult with other Government agencies about 
                        alternative technologies before the Commission 
                        will consider the application of the potential 
                        licensee.
                    ``(C) Consultation and coordination.--In developing 
                regulations under this paragraph, the Commission shall 
                consult and coordinate with the task force established 
                by section 170H h.(2), as necessary.''.
    (b) Radiation Source Protection.--Section 170H of the Atomic Energy 
Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2210h) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``h. Alternatives to Devices or Processes That Employ Radiation 
Sources.--
            ``(1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        Government agencies should--
                    ``(A) exercise the authorities provided to those 
                agencies to achieve maximum reduction in the use of 
                devices or processes that employ radiation sources; and
                    ``(B) wherever possible, promote the use of 
                comparable alternatives to those devices or processes 
                that do not employ radiation sources.
            ``(2) Task force on alternatives to devices or processes 
        that employ radiation sources.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--There is established a task 
                force on alternatives to devices or processes that 
                employ radiation sources (referred to in this 
                subsection as the `alternatives task force').
                    ``(B) Chair.--The chair of the alternatives task 
                force shall be the Director of the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy (or a designee) (referred to in 
                this subsection as the `Chair').
                    ``(C) Membership.--The membership of the task force 
                shall consist of--
                            ``(i) the Chair;
                            ``(ii) the Chairman of the Nuclear 
                        Regulatory Commission (or a designee);
                            ``(iii) the Secretary of Agriculture (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(iv) the Secretary of Energy (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(v) the Administrator of the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(vi) the Secretary of Health and Human 
                        Services (or a designee);
                            ``(vii) the Commissioner of Food and Drugs 
                        (or a designee); and
                            ``(viii) the Secretary of Veterans Affairs 
                        (or a designee).
            ``(3) National strategy.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date of enactment of this subsection, the alternatives 
                task force shall develop, publish, and implement a 
                national strategy--
                            ``(i) to maximally reduce the use of 
                        devices or processes that employ radiation 
                        sources; and
                            ``(ii) to promote the use of alternatives 
                        to those devices or processes that perform some 
                        or all of the same functions.
                    ``(B) Contents.--The strategy developed under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include all the desirable 
                characteristics of national strategies that have been 
                identified by the Government Accountability Office, 
                including--
                            ``(i) specific goals and performance 
                        measures;
                            ``(ii) clear roles for government and 
                        nongovernment entities; and
                            ``(iii) proposals to provide relevant 
                        authorities to execute those roles.''.

SEC. 5. ELIMINATING RED TAPE TO ALLOW EXPERTS TO LESS EXPENSIVELY 
              DISPOSE OF LOW-LEVEL NUCLEAR WASTE.

    Section 3116 of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2005 (Public Law 108-375; 50 U.S.C. 2602 note) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
        following new subsections:
    ``(c) Covered States.--(1) For purposes of this section, the 
following States are covered States:
            ``(A) The State of Idaho.
            ``(B) The State of South Carolina.
            ``(C) The State of Washington.
    ``(2) Subsection (a) shall not apply to any material otherwise 
covered by that subsection that is transported from the State of Idaho 
or the State of South Carolina.
    ``(d) Low-Level Waste Offsite Disposal Project at Hanford Site.--
(1) The Secretary shall carry out the Low-Level Waste Offsite Disposal 
project to demonstrate the feasibility of grouting supplemental low-
activity waste from the Hanford Site, Richland, Washington.
    ``(2) The Secretary may classify the waste corresponding to the 
Low-Level Waste Offsite Disposal project in accordance with this 
section.
    ``(3) Waste corresponding to the Low-Level Waste Offsite Disposal 
project that is reclassified under this section for disposal outside of 
the State of Washington--
            ``(A) may be land-disposed if the State receiving the waste 
        permits the disposal of such waste; and
            ``(B) notwithstanding sections 268.40 and 268.42 of title 
        40, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations) and 
        as incorporated by reference in section 173-303-140 of title 
        173, Washington Administrative Code, is not required to be 
        treated to the HLVIT standard (within the meaning of section 
        268.42(a) of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (or a 
        successor regulation)) prior to such disposal.
    ``(4) In this subsection, the term `Low-Level Waste Offsite 
Disposal project' means the second phase of the test bed initiative of 
the Office of Environmental Management at the Hanford Site, which 
intends--
            ``(A) to pretreat approximately 2,000 gallons of liquid 
        tank waste;
            ``(B) to immobilize the waste at an off-site commercial 
        facility; and
            ``(C) to transport the immobilized mixed low-level waste 
        out of the State of Washington for disposal.''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (e)(2) and inserting the 
        following new paragraph:
    ``(2) With the exception of subsection (d)(3)(B), nothing in this 
section establishes any precedent or is binding on the State of Oregon 
or any other State not covered by subsection (c) for the management, 
storage, treatment, and disposition of radioactive and hazardous 
materials.''.
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