Securing Open Source Software Act of 2022
Bill: S.4913 | Sponsor: Sen. Peters, Gary C. (D-MI)
Policy area: Government Operations and Politics

Summary:
Securing Open Source Software Act of 2022
This bill sets forth the duties of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) regarding open source software security.
Open source software means software for which the human-readable source code is made available to the public for use, study, re-use, modification, enhancement, and re-distribution.
Specifically, CISA must
CISA must (1) publicly publish a framework, incorporating government, industry, and open source software community frameworks and best practices, for assessing the risk of open source software components; and (2) update the framework at least annually.
The bill provides for a critical infrastructure assessment study and pilot assessment.
CISA's Cybersecurity Advisory Committee may establish a software security subcommittee, including open source software security.
The Office of Management and Budget, in coordination with CISA, the Office of the National Cyber Director, and the General Services Administration, shall issue guidance on the responsibilities of the chief information officers at specified agencies regarding open source software.

To establish the duties of the Director of the Cybersecurity and 
Infrastructure Security Agency regarding open source software security, 
                        and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Securing Open Source Software Act of 
2022''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) open source software fosters technology development and 
        is an integral part of overall cybersecurity;
            (2) a secure, healthy, vibrant, and resilient open source 
        software ecosystem is crucial for ensuring the national 
        security and economic vitality of the United States;
            (3) open source software is part of the foundation of 
        digital infrastructure that promotes a free and open internet;
            (4) due to both the unique strengths of open source 
        software and inconsistent historical investment in open source 
        software security, there exist unique challenges in securing 
        open source software; and
            (5) the Federal Government should play a supporting role in 
        ensuring the long-term security of open source software.

SEC. 3. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE SECURITY DUTIES.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle A of title XXII of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 651 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 2201 (6 U.S.C. 651)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), and (7) 
                as paragraphs (8), (9), and (10), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Open source software.--The term `open source 
        software' means software for which the human-readable source 
        code is made available to the public for use, study, re-use, 
        modification, enhancement, and re-distribution.
            ``(6) Open source software community.--The term `open 
        source software community' means the community of individuals, 
        foundations, nonprofit organizations, corporations, and other 
        entities that--
                    ``(A) develop, contribute to, maintain, and publish 
                open source software; or
                    ``(B) otherwise work to ensure the security of the 
                open source software ecosystem.
            ``(7) Open source software component.--The term `open 
        source software component' means an individual repository of 
        open source software that is made available to the public.'';
            (2) in section 2202(c) (6 U.S.C. 652(c))--
                    (A) in paragraph (13), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (14) as paragraph 
                (15); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (13) the 
                following:
            ``(14) support, including by offering services, the secure 
        usage and deployment of software, including open source 
        software, in the software development lifecycle at Federal 
        agencies in accordance with section 2220E; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 2220E. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE SECURITY DUTIES.

    ``(a) Definition.--In this section, the term `software bill of 
materials' has the meaning given the term in the Minimum Elements for a 
Software Bill of Materials published by the Department of Commerce, or 
any superseding definition published by the Agency.
    ``(b) Employment.--The Director shall, to the greatest extent 
practicable, employ individuals in the Agency who--
            ``(1) have expertise and experience participating in the 
        open source software community; and
            ``(2) perform the duties described in subsection (c).
    ``(c) Duties of the Director.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall--
                    ``(A) perform outreach and engagement to bolster 
                the security of open source software;
                    ``(B) support Federal efforts to strengthen the 
                security of open source software;
                    ``(C) coordinate, as appropriate, with non-Federal 
                entities on efforts to ensure the long-term security of 
                open source software;
                    ``(D) serve as a public point of contact regarding 
                the security of open source software for non-Federal 
                entities, including State, local, Tribal, and 
                territorial partners, the private sector, international 
                partners, open source software organizations, and open 
                source software developers; and
                    ``(E) support Federal and non-Federal supply chain 
                security efforts by encouraging efforts to bolster open 
                source software security, such as--
                            ``(i) assisting in coordinated 
                        vulnerability disclosures in open source 
                        software components pursuant to section 
                        2209(n); and
                            ``(ii) supporting the activities of the 
                        Federal Acquisition Security Council.
            ``(2) Assessment of critical open source software 
        components.--
                    ``(A) Framework.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this section, the Director shall 
                publicly publish a framework, incorporating government, 
                including those published by the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology, industry, and open source 
                software community frameworks and best practices, 
                including those published by the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology, for assessing the risk of 
                open source software components, including direct and 
                indirect open source software dependencies, which shall 
                incorporate, at a minimum--
                            ``(i) the security properties of code in a 
                        given open source software component, such as 
                        whether the code is written in a memory-safe 
                        programming language;
                            ``(ii) the security practices of 
                        development, build, and release processes of a 
                        given open source software component, such as 
                        the use of multi-factor authentication by 
                        maintainers and cryptographic signing of 
                        releases;
                            ``(iii) the number and severity of publicly 
                        known, unpatched vulnerabilities in a given 
                        open source software component;
                            ``(iv) the breadth of deployment of a given 
                        open source software component;
                            ``(v) the level of risk associated with 
                        where a given open source software component is 
                        integrated or deployed, such as whether the 
                        component operates on a network boundary or in 
                        a privileged location; and
                            ``(vi) the health of the community for a 
                        given open source software component, 
                        including, where applicable, the level of 
                        current and historical investment and 
                        maintenance in the open source software 
                        component, such as the number and activity of 
                        individual maintainers.
                    ``(B) Updating framework.--Not less frequently than 
                annually after the date on which the framework is 
                published under subparagraph (A), the Director shall--
                            ``(i) determine whether additional updates 
                        are needed to the framework described in 
                        subparagraph (A); and
                            ``(ii) if the Director determines that 
                        additional updates are needed under clause (i), 
                        make those updates to the framework.
                    ``(C) Developing framework.--In developing the 
                framework described in subparagraph (A), the Director 
                shall consult with--
                            ``(i) appropriate Federal agencies, 
                        including the National Institute of Standards 
                        and Technology;
                            ``(ii) individuals and nonprofit 
                        organizations from the open source software 
                        community; and
                            ``(iii) private companies from the open 
                        source software community.
                    ``(D) Federal open source software assessment.--Not 
                later than 1 year after the publication of the 
                framework described in subparagraph (A), and not less 
                frequently than every 2 years thereafter, the Director 
                shall, to the greatest extent practicable and using the 
                framework described in subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) perform an assessment of open source 
                        software components used directly or indirectly 
                        by Federal agencies based on readily available, 
                        and, to the greatest extent practicable, 
                        machine readable, information, such as--
                                    ``(I) software bills of material 
                                that are made available to the Agency 
                                or are otherwise accessible via the 
                                internet;
                                    ``(II) software inventories 
                                collected from the Continuous 
                                Diagnostics and Mitigation program of 
                                the Agency; and
                                    ``(III) other publicly available 
                                information regarding open source 
                                software components; and
                            ``(ii) develop 1 or more ranked lists of 
                        components described in clause (i) based on the 
                        assessment, such as ranked by the criticality, 
                        level of risk, or usage of the components, or a 
                        combination thereof.
                    ``(E) Automation.--The Director shall, to the 
                greatest extent practicable, automate the assessment 
                conducted under subparagraph (D).
                    ``(F) Publication.--The Director shall publicly 
                publish and maintain any tools developed to conduct the 
                assessment described in subparagraph (D) as open source 
                software.
                    ``(G) Sharing.--
                            ``(i) Results.--The Director shall 
                        facilitate the sharing of the results of the 
                        assessment described in subparagraph (D) with 
                        appropriate Federal and non-Federal entities 
                        working to support the security of open source 
                        software, including by offering means for 
                        appropriate Federal and non-Federal entities to 
                        download the assessment in an automated manner.
                            ``(ii) Datasets.--The Director may publicly 
                        publish, as appropriate, any datasets or 
                        versions of the datasets developed or 
                        consolidated as a result of the assessment 
                        described in subparagraph (D).
                    ``(H) Critical infrastructure assessment study and 
                pilot.--
                            ``(i) Study.--Not later than 2 years after 
                        the publication of the framework described in 
                        subparagraph (A), the Director shall conduct a 
                        study regarding the feasibility of the Director 
                        conducting the assessment described in 
                        subparagraph (D) for critical infrastructure 
                        entities.
                            ``(ii) Pilot.--If the Director determines 
                        that the assessment described in clause (i) is 
                        feasible, the Director may conduct a pilot 
                        assessment on a voluntary basis with 1 or more 
                        critical infrastructure sectors, in 
                        coordination with the Sector Risk Management 
                        Agency and the sector coordinating council of 
                        each participating sector.
                            ``(iii) Reports.--
                                    ``(I) Study.--Not later than 180 
                                days after the date on which the 
                                Director completes the study conducted 
                                under clause (i), the Director shall 
                                submit to the appropriate congressional 
                                committees a report that--
                                            ``(aa) summarizes the 
                                        study; and
                                            ``(bb) states whether the 
                                        Director plans to proceed with 
                                        the pilot described in clause 
                                        (ii).
                                    ``(II) Pilot.--If the Director 
                                proceeds with the pilot described in 
                                clause (ii), not later than 1 year 
                                after the date on which the Director 
                                begins the pilot, the Director shall 
                                submit to the appropriate congressional 
                                committees a report that includes--
                                            ``(aa) a summary of the 
                                        results of the pilot; and
                                            ``(bb) a recommendation as 
                                        to whether the pilot should be 
                                        continued.
            ``(3) Coordination with national cyber director.--The 
        Director shall--
                    ``(A) brief the National Cyber Director on the 
                activities described in this subsection; and
                    ``(B) coordinate activities with the National Cyber 
                Director, as appropriate.
            ``(4) Reports.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this section, and every 2 years 
                thereafter, the Director shall submit to the 
                appropriate congressional committees a report that 
                includes--
                            ``(i) a summary of the work on open source 
                        software security performed by the Director 
                        during the period covered by the report, 
                        including a list of the Federal and non-Federal 
                        entities with which the Director interfaced;
                            ``(ii) the framework developed under 
                        paragraph (2)(A);
                            ``(iii) a summary of changes made to the 
                        framework developed under paragraph (2)(A) 
                        since the last report submitted under this 
                        subparagraph;
                            ``(iv) a summary of the assessment 
                        conducted pursuant to paragraph (2)(D);
                            ``(v) a summary of changes made to the 
                        assessment conducted pursuant to paragraph 
                        (2)(D) since the last report submitted under 
                        this subparagraph, including overall security 
                        trends; and
                            ``(vi) a summary of the types of entities 
                        with which the assessment was shared pursuant 
                        to paragraph (2)(G), including a list of the 
                        Federal and non-Federal entities with which the 
                        assessment was shared.
                    ``(B) Public report.--Not later than 30 days after 
                the date on which the Director submits a report 
                required under subparagraph (A), the Director shall 
                make a version of the report publicly available on the 
                website of the Agency.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in 
section 1(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-296; 
116 Stat. 2135) is amended--
            (1) by moving the item relating to section 2220D to appear 
        after the item relating to section 2220C; and
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 2220D 
        the following:

``Sec. 2220E. Open source software security duties.''.

SEC. 4. SOFTWARE SECURITY ADVISORY SUBCOMMITTEE.

    Section 2219(d)(1) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
665e(d)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) Software security, including open source 
                software security.''.

SEC. 5. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE GUIDANCE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committee.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committee'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 2 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 
        U.S.C. 101).
            (2) Covered agency.--The term ``covered agency'' means an 
        agency described in section 901(b) of title 31, United States 
        Code.
            (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the Office of Management and Budget.
            (4) National security system.--The term ``national security 
        system'' has the meaning given the term in section 3552 of 
        title 44, United States Code.
            (4)(5) Open source software; open source software 
        community.--The terms ``open source software'' and ``open 
        source software community'' have the meanings given those terms 
        in section 2201 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
        651), as amended by section 3 of this Act.
    (b) Guidance.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director, in coordination with the 
        National Cyber Director, the Director of the Cybersecurity and 
        Infrastructure Security Agency, and the Administrator of 
        General Services, shall issue guidance on the responsibilities 
        of the chief information officer at each covered agency 
        regarding open source software, which shall include--
                    (A) how chief information officers at each covered 
                agency should, considering industry and open source 
                software community best practices--
                            (i) manage and reduce risks of using open 
                        source software; and
                            (ii) guide contributing to and releasing 
                        open source software;
                    (B) how chief information officers should enable, 
                rather than inhibit, the secure usage of open source 
                software at each covered agency;
                    (C) any relevant updates to the Memorandum M-16-21 
                issued by the Office of Management and Budget on August 
                8, 2016, entitled, ``Federal Source Code Policy: 
                Achieving Efficiency, Transparency, and Innovation 
                through Reusable and Open Source Software''; and
                    (D) how covered agencies may contribute publicly to 
                open source software that the covered agency uses, 
                including how chief information officers should 
                encourage those contributions.
            (2) Exemption of national security systems.--The guidance 
        issued under paragraph (1) shall not apply to national security 
        systems.
    (c) Pilot.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the chief information officer of each 
        covered agency described in selected under paragraph (2), in 
        coordination with the Director, the National Cyber Director, 
        the Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security 
        Agency, and the Administrator of General Services, shall 
        establish a pilot open source function at the covered agency 
        that--
                    (A) is modeled after open source program offices, 
                such as those in the private sector, the nonprofit 
                sector, academia, and other non-Federal entities; and
                    (B) shall--
                            (i) support the secure usage of open source 
                        software at the covered agency;
                            (ii) develop policies and processes for 
                        contributions to and releases of open source 
                        software at the covered agency, in 
                        consultation, as appropriate, with the Ooffices 
                        of G general C counsel and P procurement of the 
                        covered agency;
                            (iii) interface with the open source 
                        software community; and
                            (iv) manage and reduce risks of consuming 
                        using open source software at the covered 
                        agency.
            (2) Selection of pilot agencies.--The Director, in 
        coordination with the National Cyber Director, the Director of 
        the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, and the 
        Administrator of General Services, shall select 1 or more 
        covered agencies to conduct the pilot described in paragraph 
        (1)
            (3) Assessment.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        establishment of the pilot open source functions described in 
        paragraph (1), the Director, in coordination with the National 
        Cyber Director, the Director of the Cybersecurity and 
        Infrastructure Security Agency, and the Administrator of 
        General Services, shall assess whether open source functions 
        should be established at some or all covered agencies, 
        including--
                    (A) how to organize those functions within covered 
                agencies, such as the creation of open source program 
                offices; and
                    (B) appropriate roles and responsibilities for 
                those functions.
            (4) Guidance.--If the Director determines, based on the 
        assessment described in paragraph (3), that some or all of the 
        open source functions should be established at some or all 
        covered agencies, the Director, in coordination with the 
        National Cyber Director, the Director of the Cybersecurity and 
        Infrastructure Security Agency, and the Administrator of 
        General Services, shall issue guidance on the implementation of 
        those functions.
    (d) Briefing and Report.--The Director shall--
            (1) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, brief the appropriate congressional committees on the 
        guidance issued under subsection (b); and
            (2) not later than 540 days after the establishment of the 
        pilot open source functions under subsection (c)(1), submit to 
        the appropriate congressional committees a report on--
                    (A) the pilot open source functions; and
                    (B) the results of the assessment conducted under 
                subsection (c)(3).
    (e) Duties.--Section 3554(b) of title 44, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) plans and procedures to ensure the secure usage and 
        development of software, including open source software.''.

SEC. 6. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall be 
construed to provide any additional regulatory authority to any Federal 
agency described therein.
                                                       Calendar No. 677

117th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 4913

                          [Report No. 117-278]

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