3DSRBench: A Comprehensive 3D Spatial Reasoning Benchmark
Authors: name: Wufei Ma, name: Haoyu Chen, name: Guofeng Zhang, name: Celso M de Melo, name: Alan Yuille, name: Jieneng Chen

3D spatial reasoning is the ability to analyze and interpret the positions,
orientations, and spatial relationships of objects within the 3D space. This
allows models to develop a comprehensive understanding of the 3D scene,
enabling their applicability to a broader range of areas, such as autonomous
navigation, robotics, and AR/VR. While large multi-modal models (LMMs) have
achieved remarkable progress in a wide range of image and video understanding
tasks, their capabilities to perform 3D spatial reasoning on diverse natural
images are less studied. In this work we present the first comprehensive 3D
spatial reasoning benchmark, 3DSRBench, with 2,772 manually annotated visual
question-answer pairs across 12 question types. We conduct robust and thorough
evaluation of 3D spatial reasoning capabilities by balancing the data
distribution and adopting a novel FlipEval strategy. To further study the
robustness of 3D spatial reasoning w.r.t. camera 3D viewpoints, our 3DSRBench
includes two subsets with 3D spatial reasoning questions on paired images with
common and uncommon viewpoints. We benchmark a wide range of open-sourced and
proprietary LMMs, uncovering their limitations in various aspects of 3D
awareness, such as height, orientation, location, and multi-object reasoning,
as well as their degraded performance on images with uncommon camera
viewpoints. Our 3DSRBench provide valuable findings and insights about the
future development of LMMs with strong 3D reasoning capabilities. Our project
page and dataset is available https://3dsrbench.github.io.