LIME: Localized Image Editing via Attention Regularization in Diffusion
  Models
Authors: name: Enis Simsar, name: Alessio Tonioni, name: Yongqin Xian, name: Thomas Hofmann, name: Federico Tombari

Diffusion models (DMs) have gained prominence due to their ability to
generate high-quality, varied images, with recent advancements in text-to-image
generation. The research focus is now shifting towards the controllability of
DMs. A significant challenge within this domain is localized editing, where
specific areas of an image are modified without affecting the rest of the
content. This paper introduces LIME for localized image editing in diffusion
models that do not require user-specified regions of interest (RoI) or
additional text input. Our method employs features from pre-trained methods and
a simple clustering technique to obtain precise semantic segmentation maps.
Then, by leveraging cross-attention maps, it refines these segments for
localized edits. Finally, we propose a novel cross-attention regularization
technique that penalizes unrelated cross-attention scores in the RoI during the
denoising steps, ensuring localized edits. Our approach, without re-training
and fine-tuning, consistently improves the performance of existing methods in
various editing benchmarks.