PhysReason: A Comprehensive Benchmark towards Physics-Based Reasoning
Authors: name: Xinyu Zhang, name: Yuxuan Dong, name: Yanrui Wu, name: Jiaxing Huang, name: Chengyou Jia, name: Basura Fernando, name: Mike Zheng Shou, name: Lingling Zhang, name: Jun Liu

Large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities across various
domains, especially mathematics and logic reasoning. However, current
evaluations overlook physics-based reasoning - a complex task requiring physics
theorems and constraints. We present PhysReason, a 1,200-problem benchmark
comprising knowledge-based (25%) and reasoning-based (75%) problems, where the
latter are divided into three difficulty levels (easy, medium, hard). Notably,
problems require an average of 8.1 solution steps, with hard requiring 15.6,
reflecting the complexity of physics-based reasoning. We propose the Physics
Solution Auto Scoring Framework, incorporating efficient answer-level and
comprehensive step-level evaluations. Top-performing models like Deepseek-R1,
Gemini-2.0-Flash-Thinking, and o3-mini-high achieve less than 60% on
answer-level evaluation, with performance dropping from knowledge questions
(75.11%) to hard problems (31.95%). Through step-level evaluation, we
identified four key bottlenecks: Physics Theorem Application, Physics Process
Understanding, Calculation, and Physics Condition Analysis. These findings
position PhysReason as a novel and comprehensive benchmark for evaluating
physics-based reasoning capabilities in large language models. Our code and
data will be published at https:/dxzxy12138.github.io/PhysReason.