LLaVA-Med: Training a Large Language-and-Vision Assistant for
  Biomedicine in One Day
Authors: name: Chunyuan Li, name: Cliff Wong, name: Sheng Zhang, name: Naoto Usuyama, name: Haotian Liu, name: Jianwei Yang, name: Tristan Naumann, name: Hoifung Poon, name: Jianfeng Gao

Conversational generative AI has demonstrated remarkable promise for
empowering biomedical practitioners, but current investigations focus on
unimodal text. Multimodal conversational AI has seen rapid progress by
leveraging billions of image-text pairs from the public web, but such
general-domain vision-language models still lack sophistication in
understanding and conversing about biomedical images. In this paper, we propose
a cost-efficient approach for training a vision-language conversational
assistant that can answer open-ended research questions of biomedical images.
The key idea is to leverage a large-scale, broad-coverage biomedical
figure-caption dataset extracted from PubMed Central, use GPT-4 to
self-instruct open-ended instruction-following data from the captions, and then
fine-tune a large general-domain vision-language model using a novel curriculum
learning method. Specifically, the model first learns to align biomedical
vocabulary using the figure-caption pairs as is, then learns to master
open-ended conversational semantics using GPT-4 generated instruction-following
data, broadly mimicking how a layperson gradually acquires biomedical
knowledge. This enables us to train a Large Language and Vision Assistant for
BioMedicine (LLaVA-Med) in less than 15 hours (with eight A100s). LLaVA-Med
exhibits excellent multimodal conversational capability and can follow
open-ended instruction to assist with inquiries about a biomedical image. On
three standard biomedical visual question answering datasets, LLaVA-Med
outperforms previous supervised state-of-the-art on certain metrics. To
facilitate biomedical multimodal research, we will release our
instruction-following data and the LLaVA-Med model.