TimeLens2: Generalist Video Temporal Grounding with Multimodal LLMs
Authors: name: Yuhan Zhu, name: Changlian Ma, name: Xiangyu Zeng, name: Xinhao Li, name: Zhiqiu Zhang, name: Songze Li, name: Jun Zhang, name: Tianxiang Jiang, name: Yuandong Yang, name: Ziang Yan, name: Zikang Wang, name: Xinyu Chen, name: Haoran Chen, name: Shaowei Zhang, name: Limin Wang
Organization: Multimedia Computing Group-Nanjing University

Video multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can describe what happens in a video, but rarely identify when the supporting evidence occurs. We study generalist video temporal grounding, in which one model predicts a variable-cardinality set of evidence intervals across video lengths, domains, query forms, and viewpoints. Existing training strategies are misaligned with this set-valued task: long-video labels often rely on brittle one-pass annotation, while reinforcement-learning rewards either fail to distinguish non-overlapping predictions or require fragile segment matching. TimeLens2 treats temporal evidence as an interval set throughout supervision and optimization. TimeLens2-93K constructs reliable multi-span supervision through caption-derived proposals, independent localization, cross-agent consensus, semantic verification, and boundary refinement. Our temporal Wasserstein reward computes exact one-dimensional \(W_1\) between uniform distributions over merged interval supports, providing dense, matching-free feedback under unequal cardinalities and equivalent fragmentation; temporal IoU complements it with precise-overlap feedback. Across seven benchmarks, TimeLens2-2B outperforms all size-matched baselines on every benchmark, while the 4B and 8B variants achieve state-of-the-art performance, surpassing open-source models with up to 397B parameters. The 2B, 4B, and 8B variants improve over their Qwen3-VL backbones by 14.2, 13.0, and 18.1 mIoU points, respectively.