DREAM: Where Visual Understanding Meets Text-to-Image Generation
Authors: name: Chao Li, name: Tianhong Li, name: Sai Vidyaranya Nuthalapati, name: Hong-You Chen, name: Satya Narayan Shukla, name: Yonghuan Yang, name: Jun Xiao, name: Xiangjun Fan, name: Aashu Singh, name: Dina Katabi, name: Shlok Kumar Mishra

Unifying visual representation learning and text-to-image (T2I) generation within a single model remains a central challenge in multimodal learning. We introduce DREAM, a unified framework that jointly optimizes discriminative and generative objectives, while learning strong visual representations. DREAM is built on two key techniques: During training, Masking Warmup, a progressive masking schedule, begins with minimal masking to establish the contrastive alignment necessary for representation learning, then gradually transitions to full masking for stable generative training. At inference, DREAM employs Semantically Aligned Decoding to align partially masked image candidates with the target text and select the best one for further decoding, improving text-image fidelity (+6.3%) without external rerankers. Trained solely on CC12M, DREAM achieves 72.7% ImageNet linear-probing accuracy (+1.1% over CLIP) and an FID of 4.25 (+6.2% over FLUID), with consistent gains in few-shot classification, semantic segmentation, and depth estimation. These results demonstrate that discriminative and generative objectives can be synergistic, allowing unified multimodal models that excel at both visual understanding and generation.