|Year|Date|Venue|City|Country|Notes|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|2012|Oct 27 - 31|Nara Prefectural New Public Hall|Nara|Japan||
|2011|Noc 28 - Dec 1st|Hyatt Regency Scottsdale Resort and Spa @ Gainey Ranch|Scottsdale, Arizona|USA||
|2010|Oct 25 - 29|Palazzo degli Affari|Firenze|Italy||
|2009|Oct 19 - 24|Beijing Hotel|Beijing|China||
|2008|Oct 27 – Nov 1|Pan Pacific Hotel|Vancouver, BC|Canada||
|2007|Sep 24-29|University of Augsburg|Augsburg|Germany||
|2006|Oct 23-27|Fess Parker's DoubleTree Resort Hotel|Santa Barbara|USA|ISBN 1-59593-447-2|
|2005|Nov 6-11|Hilton|Singapore|Singapore|ISBN 1-59593-044-2|
|2004|Oct 10-16||New York|USA|ISBN 1-58113-893-8|
|2003|Nov 2-8||Berkeley, California|USA|ISBN 1-58113-722-2|
|2002|Dec 1-6||Juan-les-Pins on the French Riviera|France|ISBN 1-58113-620-X|
|2001|Sep 30 - Oct 5||Ottawa|Canada|ISBN 1-58113-394-4|
|2000|Oct 30 - Nov 3|Marina del Rey|Los Angeles, CA|USA|Proceedings: ISBN 1-58113-198-4; Workshops: ISBN 1-58113-311-1|
|1999|Oct 30 - Nov 5||Orlando, Florida|USA|Proc. Part 1: ISBN 1-58113-151-8; Proc. Part 2: ISBN 1-58113-239-5|
|1998|Sep 12-16|University of Bristol|Bristol|United Kingdom|ISBN 0-201-30990-4|
|1997|Nov 9-13||Seattle, WA|USA|ISBN 0-89791-991-2|
|1996|Nov 18 - 22|Hynes Convention Center|Boston, MA|USA|ISBN 0-89791-871-1|
|1995|Nov 5-9||San Francisco, CA|USA|ISBN 0-89791-751-0|
|1994|Oct 15-20||San Francisco, CA|USA|ISBN 0-89791-686-7|
|1993|Aug 1-6||Anaheim, CA.|USA|ISBN 0-89791-596-8|

Question: how many times was the conference not held in the us?
Answer: 9