hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Contract Balances
The following table provides information about contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.
Contract assets primarily result from revenue being recognized when or as control of a solution or service is transferred to the customer, but where invoicing is delayed until the completion of other performance obligations or payment terms differ from the provisioning of services. The current portion of contract assets is reported within prepaid expenses and other in the consolidated balance sheet, and the non-current portion is included in other non-current assets. Contract liabilities (deferred revenue) primarily relate to consideration received from customers in advance of delivery of the related goods and services to the customer. Contract balances are reported in a net contract asset or liability position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.
The Company analyzes contract language to identify if a significant financing component does exist, and would adjust the transaction price for any material effects of the time value of money if the timing of payments provides either party to the contract with a significant benefit of financing the transaction.
During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019, 2018, and 2017, the Company recognized revenue of $265,946, $269,593, and $264,517, respectively, that was included in the corresponding deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the periods.
Revenue recognized that related to performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in prior periods were immaterial for each period presented. These adjustments are primarily the result of transaction price adjustments and re-allocations due to changes in estimates of variable consideration.
Table:
 | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2018
Receivables, net | $310,080 | $297,271
Contract Assets- Current | 21,446 | 14,063
Contract Assets- Non-current | 50,640 | 35,630
Contract Liabilities (Deferred Revenue)- Current | 339,752 | 328,931
Contract Liabilities (Deferred Revenue)- Non-current | 54,554 | 40,984


Question: Is current or non-current contract assets as at June 30, 2019 higher?
Answer: Contract Assets- Non-current
Calculation: 50,640>21,446
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock is listed on NASDAQ under the symbol ‘‘CSGS’’. On January 31, 2020, the number of holders of record of common stock was 126.
Stock Price Performance
The following graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock, the Russell 2000 Index, and our Standard Industrial Classification (“SIC”) Code Index: Data Preparation and Processing Services during the indicated five-year period. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2014, in our common stock and in each of the two indexes, and that all dividends, if any, were reinvested.
Table:
 |  |  | As of December 31, |  |  | 
 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019
CSG Systems International, Inc. | $100.00 | $146.72 | $200.85 | $185.42 | $137.31 | $227.96
Russell 2000 Index | 100.00 | 95.59 | 115.95 | 132.94 | 118.30 | 148.49
Data Preparation and Processing Services | 100.00 | 110.52 | 129.67 | 159.46 | 174.32 | 245.10


Question: What is the cumulative total stockholder return of Russell 2000 Index as of 31 December, 2018?
Answer: 118.30
21 Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash at bank earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. Short-term deposits are made for varying periods of between one day and three months, depending on the immediate cash requirements of the Group, and earn interest at the respective short-term deposit rates.
Table:
 | 31 March 2019 | 31 March 2018
 | $M | $M
Cash at bank and in hand | 134.3 | 67.2
Short-term deposits | 37.8 | 52.8
Total cash and cash equivalent | 172.1 | 120.0


Question: What was the change in the Total cash and cash equivalent in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 52.1
Calculation: 172.1-120.0
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
At June 30, 2019, the Company’s total off-balance sheet contractual obligations were $665,107. This balance consists of $71,633 of long-term operating leases for various facilities and equipment which expire from 2020 to 2030 and $593,474 of purchase commitments. In fiscal 2017, JHA entered a strategic services agreement with First Data® and PSCU® to provide full-service debit and credit card processing on a single platform to all existing core bank and credit union customers, as well as expand its card processing platform to financial institutions outside our core customer base. This agreement includes a purchase commitment of $555,754 over the remaining term of the contract. The remainder of the purchase commitments relate mainly to open purchase orders. The contractual obligations table below excludes $12,009 of liabilities for uncertain tax positions as we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate amount or timing of settlement.
The operating lease obligations included on this table will be recorded on the balance sheet beginning in fiscal 2020 due to the Company’s adoption of ASU No. 2016-02, issued by the FASB in February 2016 and effective for the Company on July 1, 2019.
Table:
Contractual obligations by period as of June 30, 2019 | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | More than 5 years | TOTAL
Operating lease obligations | $15,559 | $25,399 | $19,004 | $11,671 | $71,633
Purchase obligations | 62,637 | 86,875 | 107,188 | 336,774 | 593,474
Total | $78,196 | $112,274 | $126,192 | $348,445 | $665,107


Question: What percentage of total contractual obligations is the total operating lease obligations?
Answer: 10.77
Calculation: $71,633/$665,107
Liability Insurance
The Company carries property, general liability, vehicle liability, directors’ and officers’ liability and workers’ compensation insurance. Additionally, the Company carries an umbrella liability policy to provide excess coverage over the underlying limits of the aforementioned primary policies.
The Company’s insurance programs for workers’ compensation, general liability, and employee related health care benefits are provided through high deductible or self-insured programs. Claims in excess of self-insurance levels are fully insured subject to policy limits. Accruals are based on historical claims experience, actual claims filed, and estimates of claims incurred but not reported.
The Company’s liabilities for unpaid and incurred, but not reported claims, for workers’ compensation, general liability, and health insurance at September 2019 and September 2018 was $1.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively. These amounts are included in accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. While the ultimate amount of claims incurred is dependent on future developments, in the Company’s opinion, recorded reserves are adequate to cover the future payment of claims previously incurred. However, it is possible that recorded reserves may not be adequate to cover the future payment of claims.
Adjustments, if any, to claims estimates previously recorded, resulting from actual claim payments, are reflected in operations in the periods in which such adjustments are known.
A summary of the activity in the Company’s self-insured liabilities reserve is set forth below (in millions):
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Beginning balance | $1.6 | $1.5
Charged to expense | 5.4 | 5.8
Payments | (5.5) | (5.7)
Ending balance | $ 1.5 | $ 1.6


Question: What is the percentage change in the ending balance of the company's liability insurance between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -6.25
Calculation: (1.5 - 1.6)/1.6
Customer Receivables and Contract Balances
The following table provides balances of customer receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
(1) Gross customer receivables of $2.3 billion and $2.5 billion, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $94 million and $132 million, at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Contract liabilities are consideration we have received from our customers or billed in advance of providing goods or services promised in the future. We defer recognizing this consideration as revenue until we have satisfied the related performance obligation to the customer. Contract liabilities include recurring services billed one month in advance and installation and maintenance charges that are deferred and recognized over the actual or expected contract term, which typically ranges from one to five years depending on the service. Contract liabilities are included within deferred revenue in our consolidated balance sheet. During the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we recognized $630 million and $295 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in contract liabilities as of January 1, 2019 and January 1, 2018, respectively.
Table:
 | December 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018
 | (Dollars in millions) | 
Customer receivables(1) | $2,194 | 2,346
Contract liabilities | 1,028 | 860
Contract assets | 130 | 140


Question: What are the items analyzed in the table?
Answer: Customer receivables, Contract liabilities, Contract assets
notes to consolidated financial statements ( continued ) note 2 2014financial instruments ( continued ) covered by collateral , third-party flooring arrangements , or credit insurance are outstanding with the company 2019s distribution and retail channel partners . one customer accounted for approximately 11% ( 11 % ) of trade receivables as of september 29 , 2007 , while no customers accounted for more than 10% ( 10 % ) of trade receivables as of september 30 , 2006 . the following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts ( in millions ) : september 29 , september 30 , september 24 , 2007 2006 2005 .

Table:
 | september 29 2007 | september 30 2006 | september 24 2005
beginning allowance balance | $ 52 | $ 46 | $ 47
charged to costs and expenses | 12 | 17 | 8
deductions | -17 ( 17 ) | -11 ( 11 ) | -9 ( 9 )
ending allowance balance | $ 47 | $ 52 | $ 46
vendor non-trade receivables the company has non-trade receivables from certain of its manufacturing vendors resulting from the sale of raw material components to these manufacturing vendors who manufacture sub-assemblies or assemble final products for the company .
the company purchases these raw material components directly from suppliers .
these non-trade receivables , which are included in the consolidated balance sheets in other current assets , totaled $ 2.4 billion and $ 1.6 billion as of september 29 , 2007 and september 30 , 2006 , respectively .
the company does not reflect the sale of these components in net sales and does not recognize any profits on these sales until the products are sold through to the end customer at which time the profit is recognized as a reduction of cost of sales .
derivative financial instruments the company uses derivatives to partially offset its business exposure to foreign exchange risk .
foreign currency forward and option contracts are used to offset the foreign exchange risk on certain existing assets and liabilities and to hedge the foreign exchange risk on expected future cash flows on certain forecasted revenue and cost of sales .
the company 2019s accounting policies for these instruments are based on whether the instruments are designated as hedge or non-hedge instruments .
the company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. .

Question: what was the percentage change in the allowance for doubtful accounts from 2006 to 2007?
Answer: -10%
Calculation: subtract(47, 52), divide(#0, 52)
The Systems gross profit margin increased 3.2 points to 53.1 percent in 2019 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by actions taken in 2018 to better position the cost structure over the longer term, a mix to IBM Z hardware and operating systems and margin improvement in Storage Systems.
Pre-tax income of $701 million declined 22.4 percent and pre-tax margin of 8.4 percent decreased 1.8 points year to year driven by the declines in Power Systems and Storage Systems revenue and the continued investment in innovation across the Systems portfolio, mitigated by the benefit from the new hardware launches in the second-half 2019.
Table:
($ in millions) |  |  | 
For the year ended December 31: | 2019 | 2018 | Yr.-to-Yr Percent/ Margin Change
Systems |  |  | 
External Systems Hardware gross profit | $2,622 | $2,590 | 1.2%
External Systems Hardware gross profit margin | 44.3% | 40.7% | 3.6pts.
External Operating Systems Software gross profit | $1,412 | $1,412 | 0.0%
External Operating Systems Software gross profit margin | 83.8% | 84.5% | (0.7)pts.
External total gross profit | $4,034 | $4,002 | 0.8%
External total gross profit margin | 53.1% | 49.8% | 3.2pts.
Pre-tax income | $701 | $904 | (22.4)%
Pre-tax margin | 8.4% | 10.2% | (1.8)pts.


Question: What caused the decrease in the Pre-tax income?
Answer: driven by the declines in Power Systems and Storage Systems revenue and the continued investment in innovation across the Systems portfolio, mitigated by the benefit from the new hardware launches in the second-half 2019.
This section sets out the assets and liabilities subject to a committed plan to sell.
At 30 June 2019, assets held for sale includes Group properties (2018: assets and liabilities relating to the Petrol business, and other Group properties, have been classified as held for sale).
Assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable. They are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell, except for assets such as deferred tax assets, assets arising from employee benefits, and financial assets which are specifically exempt from this measurement requirement.
An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset to fair value less costs to sell. A gain is recognised for any subsequent increases in fair value less costs to sell of an asset, but not in excess of any cumulative impairment loss previously recognised. A gain or loss not previously recognised by the date of the sale of the asset is recognised at the date of derecognition. Assets are not depreciated or amortised while they are classified as held for sale. Interest and other expenses attributable to the liabilities classified as held for sale continue to be recognised.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | $M | $M
Property, plant and equipment | 209 | 666
Other assets | 16 | 155
Total assets classified as held for sale | 225 | 821
Provisions | – | 21
Total liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale | – | 21


Question: What is the difference in other assets between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 139
Calculation: 155 - 16
comparison of five-year cumulative total return the following graph compares the cumulative total return on citigroup 2019s common stock with the s&p 500 index and the s&p financial index over the five-year period extending through december 31 , 2009 . the graph assumes that $ 100 was invested on december 31 , 2004 in citigroup 2019s common stock , the s&p 500 index and the s&p financial index and that all dividends were reinvested . citigroup s&p 500 index s&p financial index 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 comparison of five-year cumulative total return for the years ended .

Table:
december 31 | citigroup | s&p 500 index | s&p financial index
2005 | 104.38 | 104.83 | 106.30
2006 | 124.02 | 121.20 | 126.41
2007 | 70.36 | 127.85 | 103.47
2008 | 18.71 | 81.12 | 47.36
2009 | 9.26 | 102.15 | 55.27
.

Question: what was the ratio of cumulative total return for citigroup compared to the s&p 500 index in 2007
Answer: 0.55
Calculation: divide(70.36, 127.85)
The following is a summary of amounts reclassified from AOCI for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to income/loss.
(b) These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 11 for additional details).
Table:
 |  | Amount Reclassified from AOCI | 
 |  | Years Ended June 30, | 
($ in millions) (a) | Location of gain (loss) | 2019 | 2018
Details about AOCI Components |  |  | 
Cash flow hedging items |  |  | 
Commodity contracts | Cost of sales | $5.1 | $1.8
Foreign exchange contracts | Net sales | 1.0 | (1.0)
Forward interest rate swaps | Interest expense | 0.4 | 0.4
 | Total before tax | 6.5 | 1.2
 | Tax expense | (1.6) | (0.4)
 | Net of tax | $4.9 | $0.8
Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items |  |  | 
Net actuarial loss | (b) | $(12.0) | $(16.4)
Prior service cost | (b) | 3.1 | 3.1
 | Total before tax | (8.9) | (13.3)
 | Tax benefit | 2.1 | 4.4
 | Net of tax | $(6.8) | $(8.9)


Question: In which years is information on the amounts reclassified from AOCI provided?
Answer: 2019, 2018
Free Cash Flow. Free cash flow represents net cash provided by operating activities minus capital expenditures and capitalized software development costs. Free cash flow is a measure used by management to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends and to generate future operating plans.
The exclusion of capital expenditures and amounts capitalized for internally-developed software facilitates comparisons of our operating performance on a period-to-period basis and excludes items that we do not consider to be indicative of our core operating performance. Free cash flow is not a measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. We believe that free cash flow provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.
Nevertheless, our use of free cash flow has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. You should consider free cash flow alongside our other GAAP-based financial performance measures, net cash provided by operating activities, and our other GAAP financial results. The following table presents a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash for operating activities, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated (in thousands):
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net cash provided by operating activities | $10,317 | $3,295 | $4,863
Capital expenditures | (5,269) | (1,721) | (1,667)
Capitalized software development costs | (7,819) | (8,499) | (6,160)
Free cash flow | $(2,771) | $(6,925) | $(2,964)


Question: What was the change in the Capital expenditures from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -3548
Calculation: -5,269 - (- 1,721)
Financial Results and Key Performance Metrics Overview
The following table provides an overview of some of our key financial metrics for each of the last three fiscal years (in millions, except per share amounts, percentages and cash conversion cycle):
• Net revenues: Our net revenues increased 4% in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. This was primarily due to an increase of 7% in product revenues, partially offset by a 3% decrease in software and hardware maintenance and other services revenues.
• Gross profit margin percentage: Our gross profit margin as a percentage of net revenues increased by one percentage point in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018, reflecting an increase in gross profit margin on product revenues, and, to a lesser extent, an increase in gross profit margin on hardware maintenance and other services revenues.
• Income from operations as a percentage of net revenues: Our income from operations as a percentage of net revenues remained relatively flat in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018.
• Provision for income taxes: Our provision for income taxes decreased significantly in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 as significant charges were recorded in fiscal 2018 in connection with U.S. tax reform.
• Net income and Diluted income per share: The increase in both net income and diluted net income per share in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 reflect the factors discussed above. Diluted net income per share was favorably impacted by a 6% decrease in the annual weighted average number of dilutive shares, primarily due to share repurchases.
• Operating cash flows: Operating cash flows decreased by 9% in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018, reflecting changes in operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by higher net income.
Table:
 |  |  | Year Ended
 | April 26, 2019 | April 27, 2018 | April 28, 2017
Net revenues | $ 6,146 | $ 5,919 | $ 5,491
Gross profit | $ 3,945 | $ 3,709 | $ 3,364
Gross profit margin percentage | 64 % | 63% | 61 %
Income from operations | $ 1,221 | $ 1,158 | $ 621
Income from operations as a percentage of net revenues | 20% | 20% | 11 %
Provision for income taxes | $ 99 | $ 1,083 | $ 140
Net income | $ 1,169 | $ 116 | $ 481
Diluted net income per share | $ 4.51 | $ 0.42 | $ 1.71
Operating cash flows | $ 1,341 | $ 1,478 | $ 986


Question: What was the percentage change in the net income between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 907.76
Calculation: (1,169-116)/116
4. SEPARATELY DISCLOSED ITEMS
The Group has disclosed underlying EBITDA1 and underlying profit after tax, referring to the Group’s trading results adjusted for certain transactions during the year that are not representative of the Group’s regular business activities. The Group considers that these transactions are of such significance to understanding the ongoing results of the Group that the Group has elected to separately identify these transactions to determine an ongoing result to enable a 'like-for-like' comparison. These items are described as 'separately disclosed items' throughout this Financial Report.
Transaction costs related to the acquisition of Sigma Systems (2018: acquisition of Enoro)
Transaction costs of $2,063,000 were incurred in relation to the acquisition of the Sigma Systems group of entities (Sigma). These include costs associated with vendor due diligence, legal and other administrative matters, as well as related travel costs incurred to meet representatives of Sigma’s management. These costs are included with 'Travel Expenses' and 'Other Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Further details of the acquisition of Sigma are described in Note 24.
In the prior year, transaction costs of $677,000 were incurred in relation to the acquisition of Enoro Holdings AS (subsequently renamed to Hansen Technologies Holdings AS during FY19) and its controlled subsidiaries. These costs were included with 'Other Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income in the prior year.
Onerous lease provision
The Group recognised a provision on future lease payments for one of our offices in the Americas, as the non-cancellable future payments in the lease contract are expected to exceed the benefits from keeping the office over the remainder of the lease term. The Group has separately identified these costs because it is not in the normal course of business activities. These costs are included with 'Property and Operating Rental Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Restructuring costs incurred in Sigma Systems
Included in Sigma’s results for June are $72,000 of restructuring costs related to certain redundancy payments post-acquisition. These costs are included with 'Employee Benefit Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Table:
 |  | 2019 | 2018
 | Note | $’000 | $’000
Decrease to profit before tax |  |  | 
Transaction costs related to the acquisition of Sigma Systems (2018: acquisition of Enoro) | 24 | (2,063) | (677)
Onerous lease provision | 14 | (659) | -
Restructuring costs incurred in Sigma Systems |  | (72) | -
Total separately disclosed items |  | (2,794) | (677)


Question: How much transaction cost was incurred to acquire Sigma Systems group of entities?
Answer: $2,063,000