hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Tabular amounts in millions, unless otherwise disclosed)
23. SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
Selected quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in millions, except per share data):
(1) Represents Operating expenses, exclusive of Depreciation, amortization and accretion, Selling, general, administrative and development expense, and Other operating expenses.
Table:
 |  | Three Months Ended |  |  | 
 | March 31, | June 30, | September 30, | December 31, | Year Ended December 31,
2018: |  |  |  |  | 
Operating revenues | $1,741.8 | $1,780.9 | $1,785.5 | $2,131.9 | $7,440.1
Costs of operations (1) | 519.9 | 560.3 | 556.7 | 540.9 | 2,177.8
Operating income | 402.9 | 546.0 | 567.2 | 388.9 | 1,905.0
Net income | 280.3 | 314.4 | 377.3 | 292.7 | 1,264.7
Net income attributable to American Tower Corporation stockholders | 285.2 | 306.7 | 366.9 | 277.6 | 1,236.4
Dividends on preferred stock | (9.4) | — | — | — | (9.4)
Net income attributable to American Tower Corporation common stockholders | 275.8 | 306.7 | 366.9 | 277.6 | 1,227.0
Basic net income per share attributable to American Tower Corporation common stockholders | 0.63 | 0.69 | 0.83 | 0.63 | 2.79
Diluted net income per share attributable to American Tower Corporation common stockholders | 0.63 | 0.69 | 0.83 | 0.62 | 2.77


Question: What does the cost of operations represent?
Answer: Represents Operating expenses, exclusive of Depreciation, amortization and accretion, Selling, general, administrative and development expense, and Other operating expenses.
19. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash at bank and in hand is denominated in the following currencies:
Cash balances with an original maturity of less than three months were held in current accounts during the year and attracted interest at a weighted average rate of 0.3% (2018: 0.3%).
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | £m | £m
Sterling | 5.8 | 4.1
Euro | 0.1 | 0.2
Cash at bank and in hand | 5.9 | 4.3


Question: What was the change in Cash at bank and in hand in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 1.6
Calculation: 5.9-4.3
Financial risk management
The Group’s treasury function centrally manages the Group’s funding requirement, net foreign exchange exposure, interest rate management exposures and counterparty risk arising from investments and derivatives.
Treasury operations are conducted within a framework of policies and guidelines authorised and reviewed by the Board, most recently in July 2018
A treasury risk committee comprising of the Group’s Chief Financial Officer, Group General Counsel and Company Secretary, Group Financial Controller, Group Treasury Director and Group Director of Financial Controlling and Operations meets three times a year to review treasury activities and its members receive management information relating to treasury activities on a quarterly basis. The Group’s accounting function, which does not report to the Group Treasury Director, provides regular update reports of treasury activity to the Board. The Group’s internal auditor reviews the internal control environment regularly.
The Group uses a number of derivative instruments for currency and interest rate risk management purposes only that are transacted by specialist treasury personnel. The Group mitigates banking sector credit risk by the use of collateral support agreements.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial asset leading to a financial loss for the Group. The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities and from its financing activities, the Group considers its maximum exposure to credit risk at 31 March to be:
Expected credit loss
The Group has financial assets classified and measured at amortised cost and fair value through other comprehensive income that are subject to the expected credit loss model requirements of IFRS 9. Cash at bank and in hand and certain other investments are both classified and measured at amortised cost and subject to these impairment requirements. However, the identified expected credit loss is considered to be immaterial.
Information about expected credit losses for trade receivables and contract assets can be found under “operating activities” on page 164.
Table:
 | 2019 €m | 2018 €m
Cash at bank and in hand | 2,434 | 2,197
Repurchase agreements and bank deposits | 2,196 | –
Money market funds | 9,007 | 2,477
Managed investment funds | 6,405 | 3,891
Government securities | 3,011 | 1,974
Other investments | 4,418 | 6,087
Derivative financial instruments | 3,634 | 2,629
Trade receivables | 5,077 | 5,402
Contract assets and other receivables | 5,155 | 3,410
 | 41,337 | 28,067


Question: How much is 2019 cash at bank and in hand ?
Answer: 2,434
The fair value of the Company’s service-based RSUs was calculated based on fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant, discounted for dividends.
The fair value of the Company’s market-based PRSUs granted during fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017 was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model at the date of the grant. This model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award:
As of June 30, 2019, the Company had $271.9 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to all unvested RSUs granted which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 2.2 years.
Table:
 |  | YearEnded | 
 | June 30, 2019 | June 24, 2018 | June 25, 2017
Expected volatility | 32.65% | 34.07% | 27.48%
Risk-free interest rate | 2.52% | 2.35% | 1.55%
Expected term (years) | 2.92 | 2.92 | 2.92
Dividend yield | 2.49% | 1.05% | 1.50%


Question: What is the change in the dividend yield from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 1.44
Calculation: 2.49-1.05
(2) Includes property and equipment acquired under capital leases:
Depreciation and amortization expense was $25.2 million, $17.5 million, and $11.8 million for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense in the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 included $1.2 million, $0.9 million and $0.1 million related to property and equipment acquired under capital leases.
Table:
 | As of March 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Computer equipment | $4,754 | $4,713
Less: Accumulated amortization | (2,228) | (990)
 | $2,526 | $3,723


Question: How much was Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended March 31, 2018?
Answer: $17.5 million
entergy gulf states , inc . management's financial discussion and analysis .

Table:
 | ( in millions )
2002 net revenue | $ 1130.7
volume/weather | 17.8
fuel write-offs in 2002 | 15.3
net wholesale revenue | 10.2
base rate decreases | -23.3 ( 23.3 )
nisco gain recognized in 2002 | -15.2 ( 15.2 )
rate refund provisions | -11.3 ( 11.3 )
other | -14.1 ( 14.1 )
2003 net revenue | $ 1110.1
the volume/weather variance was due to higher electric sales volume in the service territory .
billed usage increased a total of 517 gwh in the residential and commercial sectors .
the increase was partially offset by a decrease in industrial usage of 470 gwh due to the loss of two large industrial customers to cogeneration .
the customers accounted for approximately 1% ( 1 % ) of entergy gulf states' net revenue in 2002 .
in 2002 , deferred fuel costs of $ 8.9 million related to a texas fuel reconciliation case were written off and $ 6.5 million in expense resulted from an adjustment in the deregulated asset plan percentage as the result of a power uprate at river bend .
the increase in net wholesale revenue was primarily due to an increase in sales volume to municipal and co- op customers and also to affiliated systems related to entergy's generation resource planning .
the base rate decreases were effective june 2002 and january 2003 , both in the louisiana jurisdiction .
the january 2003 base rate decrease of $ 22.1 million had a minimal impact on net income due to a corresponding reduction in nuclear depreciation and decommissioning expenses associated with the change in accounting to reflect an assumed extension of river bend's useful life .
in 2002 , a gain of $ 15.2 million was recognized for the louisiana portion of the 1988 nelson units 1 and 2 sale .
entergy gulf states received approval from the lpsc to discontinue applying amortization of the gain against recoverable fuel , resulting in the recognition of the deferred gain in income .
rate refund provisions caused a decrease in net revenue due to additional provisions recorded in 2003 compared to 2002 for potential rate actions and refunds .
gross operating revenues and fuel and purchased power expenses gross operating revenues increased primarily due to an increase of $ 440.2 million in fuel cost recovery revenues as a result of higher fuel rates in both the louisiana and texas jurisdictions .
fuel and purchased power expenses increased $ 471.1 million due to an increase in the market prices of natural gas and purchased power .
other income statement variances 2004 compared to 2003 other operation and maintenance expenses decreased primarily due to : 2022 voluntary severance program accruals of $ 22.5 million in 2003 ; and 2022 a decrease of $ 4.3 million in nuclear material and labor costs due to reduced staff in 2004. .

Question: what is the growth rate in net revenue in 2003 for entergy gulf states , inc.?
Answer: -1.8%
Calculation: subtract(1110.1, 1130.7), divide(#0, 1130.7)
NOTE 10. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table reflects the reconciliation between basic and diluted earnings per share.
Per share information is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for each of the fiscal years. Stock options and restricted stock have been included in the calculation of earnings per share to the extent they are dilutive. The two-class method for computing EPS has not been applied because no outstanding awards contain non-forfeitable rights to participate in dividends. There were no anti-dilutive stock options and restricted stock excluded for fiscal 2019, 41 shares excluded for fiscal 2018, and 32 shares excluded for fiscal 2017.
Table:
 | Year Ended June 30, |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net Income | $271,885 | $365,034 | $229,561
Common share information: |  |  | 
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share | 77,160 | 77,252 | 77,856
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock | 187 | 333 | 399
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share | 77,347 | 77,585 | 78,255
Basic earnings per share | $3.52 | $4.73 | $2.95
Diluted earnings per share | $3.52 | $4.70 | $2.93


Question: What does the table show?
Answer: the reconciliation between basic and diluted earnings per share
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Net interest-bearing debt:
Net interest-bearing debt is defined as borrowings (current and noncurrent) less loans receivables and cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash. Net interest-bearing debt depicts the net capital resources, which cause net interest expenditure and interest rate risk and which, together with equity, are used to finance the Company’s investments. As such, TORM believes that net interest-bearing debt is a relevant measure which Management uses to measure the overall development of the use of financing, other than equity. Such measure may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Net interest-bearing debt is calculated as follows:
Table:
USDm | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Borrowings | 863.4 | 754.7 | 753.9
Loans receivables | -4.6 | - | -
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | -72.5 | -127.4 | -134.2
Net interest-bearing debt | 786.3 | 627.3 | 619.7


Question: What was the change in Net interest-bearing debt in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 159
Calculation: 786.3-627.3
4. SEPARATELY DISCLOSED ITEMS
The Group has disclosed underlying EBITDA1 and underlying profit after tax, referring to the Group’s trading results adjusted for certain transactions during the year that are not representative of the Group’s regular business activities. The Group considers that these transactions are of such significance to understanding the ongoing results of the Group that the Group has elected to separately identify these transactions to determine an ongoing result to enable a 'like-for-like' comparison. These items are described as 'separately disclosed items' throughout this Financial Report.
Transaction costs related to the acquisition of Sigma Systems (2018: acquisition of Enoro)
Transaction costs of $2,063,000 were incurred in relation to the acquisition of the Sigma Systems group of entities (Sigma). These include costs associated with vendor due diligence, legal and other administrative matters, as well as related travel costs incurred to meet representatives of Sigma’s management. These costs are included with 'Travel Expenses' and 'Other Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Further details of the acquisition of Sigma are described in Note 24.
In the prior year, transaction costs of $677,000 were incurred in relation to the acquisition of Enoro Holdings AS (subsequently renamed to Hansen Technologies Holdings AS during FY19) and its controlled subsidiaries. These costs were included with 'Other Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income in the prior year.
Onerous lease provision
The Group recognised a provision on future lease payments for one of our offices in the Americas, as the non-cancellable future payments in the lease contract are expected to exceed the benefits from keeping the office over the remainder of the lease term. The Group has separately identified these costs because it is not in the normal course of business activities. These costs are included with 'Property and Operating Rental Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Restructuring costs incurred in Sigma Systems
Included in Sigma’s results for June are $72,000 of restructuring costs related to certain redundancy payments post-acquisition. These costs are included with 'Employee Benefit Expenses' in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Table:
 |  | 2019 | 2018
 | Note | $’000 | $’000
Decrease to profit before tax |  |  | 
Transaction costs related to the acquisition of Sigma Systems (2018: acquisition of Enoro) | 24 | (2,063) | (677)
Onerous lease provision | 14 | (659) | -
Restructuring costs incurred in Sigma Systems |  | (72) | -
Total separately disclosed items |  | (2,794) | (677)


Question: What was the Transaction and restructuring costs incurred by the acquisition of Sigma Systems?
Answer: 2135
Calculation: 2,063 + 72
Effective Income Tax Rate
A reconciliation of the United States federal statutory income tax rate to our effective income tax rate is as follows:
In 2019 and 2018 we had pre-tax losses of $19,573 and $25,403, respectively, which are available for carry forward to offset future taxable income. We made determinations to provide full valuation allowances for our net deferred tax assets at the end of 2019 and 2018, including NOL carryforwards generated during the years, based on our evaluation of positive and negative evidence, including our history of operating losses and the uncertainty of generating future taxable income that would enable us to realize our deferred tax.
Table:
 | Year Ended | Year Ended
 | December 31, 2018 | December 31, 2019
United States federal statutory rate | 21.00% | 21.00%
State taxes, net of federal benefit | 1.99% | (0.01)%
Valuation allowance | (21.96)% | (24.33)%
Cumulative effect of accounting change | — | 2.07%
R&D Credit | 1.34% | 1.53%
Other | (0.38)% | (0.27)%
Effective income tax rate | 1.99% | (0.01)%


Question: What was the 2019 percentage change in pre-tax losses?
Answer: -22.95
Calculation: (19,573 - 25,403)/25,403
Shares Reserved for Issuance
The following are shares reserved for issuance (in thousands):
Table:
 | June 30,
2019 | June 30,
2018
2013 Equity Incentive Plan shares available for grant | 8,462 | 9,957
Employee stock options and awards outstanding | 10,455 | 12,060
2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | 10,085 | 5,365
Total shares reserved for issuance | 29,002 | 27,382


Question: What was the percentage change in the Total shares reserved for issuance between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 5.92
Calculation: (29,002-27,382)/27,382
Cash Flow
Cash flow from operating activities was up by €1.0 billion mainly driven by working capital improvement in 2019 compared to the prior year which was impacted by the disposal of spreads. Gross margin improvement had a favourable contribution a result of strong delivery from 5-S savings programmes. Overheads and brand and marketing efficiencies also had a favourable contribution as a result of our zero-based-budgeting programme.
(a) Restated following adoption of IFRS 16. See note 1 and note 24 for further details.
* Certain measures used in our reporting are not defined under IFRS. For further
information about these measures, please refer to the commentary on non-GAAP
measures on pages 27 to 32.
Net cash outflow as a result of investing activities was €2.2 billion compared to an inflow of €4.6 billion in the prior year which included €7.1 billion from the disposal of spreads business.
Net outflow from financing activities was €4.7 billion compared to €12.1
billion in the prior year. 2018 included €6.0 billion relating to repurchase of
shares. In 2019 borrowings net of repayments was €1.4 billion higher than
the prior year.
Table:
 | € million | € million
 | 2019 | 2018
 |  | (Restated)(a)
Operating profit | 8,708 | 12,639
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment | 1,982 | 2,216
Changes in working capital | (9) | (793)
Pensions and similar obligations less Payments | (260) | (128)
Provision less payments | 7 | 55
Elimination of (profits)/losses on disposals | 60 | (4,313)
Non-cash charge for share-based compensation | 151 | 196
Other adjustments | 2 | (260)
Cash flow from operating activities | 10,641 | 9,612
Income tax paid | (2,532) | (2,294)
Net capital expenditure | (1,429) | (1,424)
Net interest and preference dividends paid | (548) | (461)
Free cash flow* | 6,132 | 5,433
Net cash flow (used in)/from investing activities | (2,237) | 4,644
Net cash flow (used in)/from financing activities | (4,667) | (12,113)


Question: What contributed to the Gross Profit margin improvement?
Answer: a result of strong delivery from 5-S savings programmes
Veradigm
Our Veradigm segment derives its revenue from the provision of data-driven clinical insights with actionable tools for clinical workflow, research, analytics and media. Its solutions, targeted at key healthcare stakeholders, help improve the quality, efficiency and value of healthcare delivery – from biopharma to health plans, healthcare providers and patients, and health technology partners, among others.
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared with the Year Ended December 31, 2018
Veradigm revenue increased during the year ended December 31, 2019 compared with the prior year comparable period due to an increase in organic sales. Gross profit and income from operations increased for during the year ended December 31, 2019 due to an increase in organic sales and cost reductions partially offset with headcount growth and hosting migration costs. The acquisition of Practice Fusion during the first quarter of 2018 also contributed to the increases.
Gross margin and operating margin decreased during the year ended December 31, 2019, compared with the prior year comparable period, primarily due to (i) an increase in hosting migration costs, (ii) costs associated with recent acquisitions, (iii) headcount growth and (iv) partially offset with other cost reductions.
Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared with the Year Ended December 31, 2017
Veradigm revenue, gross profit, gross margin and income from operations increased during the year ended December 31, 2018 compared with the prior year comparable period primarily due to the acquisition of Practice Fusion during the first quarter of 2018. Operating margin decreased during 2018 primarily due to higher personnel costs related to incremental resources from the Practice Fusion acquisition and to support anticipated new hosting client golives.
Table:
 |  |  | Year Ended December 31, |  | 
(In thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2019 % Change from 2018 | 2018 % Change from 2017
Revenue | $161,216 | $140,326 | $69,879 | 14.9% | 100.8%
Gross profit | $104,896 | $100,708 | $43,817 | 4.2% | 129.8%
Gross margin % | 65.1% | 71.8% | 62.7% |  | 
Income from operations | $43,996 | $43,641 | $23,816 | 0.8% | 83.2%
Operating margin % | 27.3% | 31.1% | 34.1% |  | 


Question: What led to increase in Gross profit and income from operations during the year ended December 31, 2019?
Answer: due to an increase in organic sales and cost reductions partially offset with headcount growth and hosting migration costs.
14. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Authorized, issued and outstanding common shares roll-forward is as follows:
In December 2017, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 40,000,000 common shares which increased its equity by $103.7 million.
In December 2018, the Annual General Meeting of the Company approved to increase the Company’s authorized share capital from $1.8 million to $3.6 million.
During 2019, the Company has issued 5,260,968 shares through the ATM program and raised net proceeds of $17.9 million.
Table:
 | Authorized
Shares | Issued and Out-
standing Shares | Common Stock
Balance as of January 1, 2017   | 180,000,000 | 101,969,666 | 1,020
Common Shares Issued in Follow-on Offering | - | 40,000,000 | 400
Balance as of December 31, 2017   | 180,000,000 | 141,969,666 | 1,420
Authorization of additional authorized shares   | 180,000,000 | - | -
Balance as of December 31, 2018   | 360,000,000 | 141,969,666 | 1,420
At-the-Market Offering   | - | 5,260,968 | 52
Balance as of December 31, 2019   | 360,000,000 | 147,230,634 | 1,472


Question: What is the value of the number of issued shares in 2019 as a percentage of the company's total issued and outstanding shares as at December 31, 2019?
Answer: 3.57
Calculation: 5,260,968/147,230,634
Other Assets
Other assets consist of the following (in thousands):
The Company’s other assets includes a strategic equity investment in a privately-held company. The strategic investment is a non-marketable equity security, in which the Company does not have a controlling interest or the ability to exert significant influence. This investment does not have a readily determinable market value. The Company records this strategic investment at cost less impairment and adjusts cost for subsequent observable price changes. During the years ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, there were no changes in the investment’s carrying value of $10.7 million.
Table:
 | July 31, 2019  | July 31, 2018
Prepaid expenses | $2,640 | $2,476
Contract costs | 23,375 | —
Deferred costs | 8,867 | 9,377
Strategic investments | 10,672 | 10,672
Other assets | $45,554 | 22,525


Question: In which year was Other assets less than 30,000 thousands?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: locate and analyze Other assets in row 6