hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Actuarial assumptions
The Group’s scheme liabilities are measured using the projected unit credit method using the principal actuarial assumptions set out below:
Notes: 1 Figures shown represent a weighted average assumption of the individual schemes.
2 The rate of increases in pensions in payment and deferred revaluation are dependent on the rate of inflation.
Table:
 | 2019 % | 2018 % | 2017 %
Weighted average actuarial assumptions used at 31 March1: |  |  | 
Rate of inflation2 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0
Rate of increase in salaries | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6
Discount rate | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.6


Question: What is the difference between 2019 average rate of inflation and 2019 average rate of increase in salaries?
Answer: 0.2
Calculation: [(2.9+2.9)/2] - [(2.7+2.7)/2]
The following changes occurred in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company has recorded income tax expense of $128,000, $143,000 and $76,000, respectively, related to uncertain tax positions. The Company’s policy is to recognize potential interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions, if any, in the income tax provision. At December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company had accrued $22,000, $15,000 and $11,000 in interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and various states along with other foreign countries. The Company has not been notified that it is under audit by the IRS or any state or foreign taxing authorities, however, due to the presence of NOL carryforwards, all of the income tax years remain open for examination in each of these jurisdictions. The Company does not believe that it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease in the next 12 months.
Deferred income taxes have not been provided for undistributed earnings of the Company’s consolidated foreign subsidiaries because of the Company’s intent to reinvest such earnings indefinitely in active foreign operations. At December 31, 2019, the Company had $0.6 million in unremitted earnings that were permanently reinvested related to its consolidated foreign subsidiaries.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31 | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning balance of unrecognized tax benefits | $469 | $326 | $250
Additions for current year tax positions | 106 | 142 | 65
Reductions for prior year tax positions | — | (14) | —
Ending balance (excluding interest and penalties) | 575 | 454 | 315
Interest and penalties | 22 | 15 | 11
Total | $597 | $469 | $326


Question: What was the change in the Additions for current year tax positions from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -36
Calculation: 106 - 142
The following table presents the effect of the adoption of the new revenue guidance on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019 (in thousands):
(1) Differences primarily relate to the timing of revenue recognition for over-time customers and to the recovery of fulfillment costs.
(2) Differences primarily relate to the timing of cost recognition for over-time customers and the recognition of fulfillment costs.
Table:
 | Fiscal Year Ended | 
 | August 31, 2019 | 
 | As reported | Balance without the adoption of ASU 2014-09
Net revenue(1) | $25,282,320 | $24,864,754
Cost of revenue(2) | $23,368,919 | $23,057,603
Operating income | $701,356 | $595,105
Income tax expense | $161,230 | $164,054
Net income | $289,474 | $180,399


Question: What was the difference between net revenue and cost of revenue as reported?
Answer: 1913401
Calculation: 25,282,320-23,368,919
Note 8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
The following table reflects changes in the net carrying amount of the components of intangible assets (in thousands):
Table:
 | Customer Relationships | Developed Technology | Trade Name | Total
Balance as of January 1, 2018 | $88,526 | $5,532 | $228 | $94,286
Amortization | (11,262) | (3,854) | (103) | (15,219)
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 77,264 | 1,678 | 125 | 79,067
Intangible assets acquired | 19,805 | 16,583 | 2,219 | 38,607
Amortization | (12,673) | (1,441) | (122) | (14,236)
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | $84,396 | $16,820 | $2,222 | $103,438


Question: What were the total Intangible assets acquired?
Answer: 38,607
19 Trade and other payables
Contract liabilities relate to advance payments received from customers which have not yet been recognised as revenue. £8.3m of the contract liabilities at 31st December 2018 was recognised as revenue during 2019 (2018: £3.0m).
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | £m | £m
Trade payables | 57.9 | 57.4
Contract liabilities | 8.7 | 8.9
Social security | 5.6 | 5.1
Other payables | 37.8 | 37.6
Accruals | 64.8 | 58.0
Total trade and other payables | 174.8 | 167.0


Question: In which year was the amount of trade payables larger?
Answer: 2019
Calculation: 57.9>57.4
The net contract acquisition expense deferred within the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss was $0.9M of the total $259.9M of Sales and Marketing costs (2018: $8.4M / $239.9M).
At 31 March 2019, trade receivables at a nominal value of $1.2M (2018: $0.9M) were impaired and fully provided for. Movements in the provision for impairment of receivables were as follows: 31
Table:
 | 31 March 2019 | 31 March 2018
 | $M | $M
At 1 April | 0.9 | 0.4
Charge for the year | 0.6 | 0.6
Amounts written off | (0.2) | (0.1)
Effects of movements in exchange rates | (0.1) | –
At 31 March | 1.2 | 0.9


Question: What was the change in the value at 31 March in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 0.3
Calculation: 1.2-0.9
3.5 INCOME TAXES
(1) Fiscal 2018 was restated to comply with IFRS 15 and to reflect a change in accounting policy as well as to reclassify results from Cogeco Peer 1 as discontinued operations. For further details, please consult the "Accounting policies" and "Discontinued operations" sections.
Fiscal 2019 income taxes expense amounted to $83.7 million compared to a recovery of $17.2 million for the prior year mainly attributable to: • the effect of the federal rate reduction in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 in the United States; • the increase in profit before income taxes which is mostly related to the impact of the MetroCast acquisition completed in the second quarter of fiscal 2018, and • the appreciation of the US dollar against the Canadian dollar compared to the prior year.
On March 19, 2019, the Department of Finance Canada confirmed the acceleration of tax depreciation on most capital investments for property, plant and equipment acquired after November 20, 2018, which phases out during the period from 2023 to 2028. The federal accelerated tax depreciation had a favorable impact on the current income tax expense of the Corporation in fiscal 2019. On March 21, 2019, the Québec Department of Finance confirmed that it would harmonize with the Federal legislation.
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. federal government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act"). The tax reform reduced the general federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% starting after 2017 which reduced net deferred tax liabilities by approximately $94 million (US$74 million) in the second quarter of fiscal 2018. In addition, the Act calls for other changes such as interest deductibility limitations, full deduction of acquisitions of tangible assets, net operating losses limitations as well as base erosion anti-avoidance, which together with tax rate reductions, had an overall favorable impact on the income tax expense.
Table:
Years ended August 31, | 2019 | 2018 (1) | Change
(in thousands of dollars, except percentages) | $ | $ | %
Profit before income taxes | 440,563 | 367,380 | 19.9
Combined Canadian income tax rate | 26.50% | 26.50% | —
Income taxes at combined Canadian income tax rate | 116,749 | 97,356 | 19.9
Difference in operations' statutory income tax rates | 1,466 | (3) | —
Impact on deferred taxes as a result of changes in substantively enacted tax rates | 15 | (94,175) | —
Impact on income taxes arising from non-deductible expenses and non-taxable profit | (565) | 1,670 | —
Tax impacts related to foreign operations | (28,633) | (22,099) | 29.6
Other | (5,377) | 53 | —
 | 83,655 | (17,198) | —


Question: When did  the Department of Finance Canada confirmed the acceleration of tax depreciation on most capital investments for property, plant and equipment acquired after November 20, 2018?
Answer: March 19, 2019
Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
The deferred tax assets and liabilities for fiscal 2019 and 2018 include amounts related to various acquisitions. The total change in deferred tax assets and liabilities in fiscal 2019 includes changes that are recorded to other comprehensive income (loss), retained earnings and goodwill.
We calculate deferred tax assets and liabilities based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and measure them using the enacted tax rates and laws that we expect will be in effect when the differences reverse.
Table:
 |  | September 30,
 | 2019 | 2018
 |  | (in thousands)
Deferred tax assets: |  | 
Accrued employee benefits | $ 11,409 | $ 8,285
Allowances for loss contingencies | 3,561 | 3,518
Deferred compensation | 3,071 | 3,272
Intangible assets | — | 1,361
Inventory valuation | 8,036 | 1,154
Long-term contracts | 6,995 | 7,751
Prepaid and accrued expenses | 1,816 | 1,229
Retirement benefits | 4,967 | 1,398
Tax credit carryforwards | 33,118 | 35,137
Loss carryforwards | 36,248 | 29,097
Other | 818 | 264
Total gross deferred tax assets | 110,039 | 92,466
Valuation allowance | (69,098) | (81,838)
Total deferred tax assets | 40,941 | 10,628
Deferred tax liabilities: |  | 
Debt obligation basis difference | (4,582) | —
Deferred revenue | (12,135) | (2,351)
Intangible assets | (18,592) | —
Property, plant and equipment | (4,524) | (5,079)
Unremitted earnings | (977) | (823)
Other | (587) | (351)
Total deferred tax liabilities | (41,397) | (8,604)
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $ (456) | $ 2,024


Question: How are the deferred tax assets and liabilities calculated?
Answer: based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and measure them using the enacted tax rates and laws that we expect will be in effect when the differences reverse
entergy corporation and subsidiaries notes to financial statements computed on a rolling 12 month basis . as of december 31 , 2008 , entergy louisiana was in compliance with these provisions . as of december 31 , 2008 , entergy louisiana had future minimum lease payments ( reflecting an overall implicit rate of 7.45% ( 7.45 % ) ) in connection with the waterford 3 sale and leaseback transactions , which are recorded as long-term debt , as follows : amount ( in thousands ) .

Table:
 | amount ( in thousands )
2009 | $ 32452
2010 | 35138
2011 | 50421
2012 | 39067
2013 | 26301
years thereafter | 137858
total | 321237
less : amount representing interest | 73512
present value of net minimum lease payments | $ 247725
grand gulf lease obligations in december 1988 , in two separate but substantially identical transactions , system energy sold and leased back undivided ownership interests in grand gulf for the aggregate sum of $ 500 million .
the interests represent approximately 11.5% ( 11.5 % ) of grand gulf .
the leases expire in 2015 .
under certain circumstances , system entergy may repurchase the leased interests prior to the end of the term of the leases .
at the end of the lease terms , system energy has the option to repurchase the leased interests in grand gulf at fair market value or to renew the leases for either fair market value or , under certain conditions , a fixed rate .
in may 2004 , system energy caused the grand gulf lessors to refinance the outstanding bonds that they had issued to finance the purchase of their undivided interest in grand gulf .
the refinancing is at a lower interest rate , and system energy's lease payments have been reduced to reflect the lower interest costs .
system energy is required to report the sale-leaseback as a financing transaction in its financial statements .
for financial reporting purposes , system energy expenses the interest portion of the lease obligation and the plant depreciation .
however , operating revenues include the recovery of the lease payments because the transactions are accounted for as a sale and leaseback for ratemaking purposes .
consistent with a recommendation contained in a ferc audit report , system energy initially recorded as a net regulatory asset the difference between the recovery of the lease payments and the amounts expensed for interest and depreciation and continues to record this difference as a regulatory asset or liability on an ongoing basis , resulting in a zero net balance for the regulatory asset at the end of the lease term .
the amount of this net regulatory asset was $ 19.2 million and $ 36.6 million as of december 31 , 2008 and 2007 , respectively. .

Question: what percent of total lease payments is in 'years thereafter'?
Answer: 42.91%
Calculation: divide(137858, 321237)
A summary of option activity under all of the Company’s equity incentive plans at December 31, 2019 and changes during the period then ended is presented in the following table:
There were no options granted for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during year ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $215.5 million, $74.6 million, and $41.2 million, respectively.
Table:
 | Number of Options Outstanding (in thousands) | Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share | Weighted- Average Contractual Term (in Years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 7,384 | $10.59 | 5.3 | $74,065
Granted | 25 | 23.99 |  | 
Exercised | (1,722) | 10.39 |  | 
Canceled/Forfeited | (401) | 16.04 |  | 
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 | 5,286 | $10.30 | 4.2 | $201,480
Granted | - | - |  | 
Exercised | (1,138) | 8.17 |  | 
Canceled/Forfeited | (17) | 18.79 |  | 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 | 4,131 | $10.86 | 3.3 | $295,921
Granted | - | - |  | 
Exercised | (1,742) | 8.53 |  | 
Canceled/Forfeited | (132) | 2.73 |  | 
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 | 2,257 | $13.13 | 2.5 | $351,428
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2019 | 2,259 | $13.13 | 2.5 | $351,362
Excercisable as of December 31, 2019 | 2,243 | $13.10 | 2.5 | $349,002


Question: What is the percentage change in the total intrinsic value of options exercised during year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018?
Answer: 188.87
Calculation: (215.5 - 74.6)/74.6
ACCOUNTING POLICY
Accounts receivable represent amounts owing to us that are currently due and collectible. We initially recognize accounts receivable on the date they originate. We measure accounts receivable initially at fair value, and subsequently at amortized cost, with changes recognized in net income. We measure an impairment loss for accounts receivable as the excess of the carrying amount over the present value of future cash flows we expect to derive from it, if any. The excess is allocated to an allowance for doubtful accounts and recognized as a loss in net income.
EXPLANATORY INFORMATION
We have retrospectively reclassified $23 million as at December 31, 2018 and January 1, 2019 related to our wireless financing programs from “accounts receivable” to “other current assets” as the collection time frame of the amounts differs from accounts receivable.
Table:
 | As at December 31 | As at December 31 | As at December 31
(In millions of dollars) | Note | 2019 | 2018
Customer accounts receivable |  | 1,579 | 1,529
Other accounts receivable |  | 785 | 762
Allowance for doubtful accounts | 15 | (60) | (55)
Total accounts receivable |  | 2,304 | 2,236


Question: How is impairment loss for accounts receivable measured?
Answer: We measure an impairment loss for accounts receivable as the excess of the carrying amount over the present value of future cash flows we expect to derive from it, if any.
PRODUCTS
Our primary product is drinkable kefir, a cultured dairy product. Lifeway Kefir is tart and tangy, high in protein, calcium and vitamin D. Thanks to our exclusive blend of kefir cultures, each cup of kefir contains 12 live and active cultures and 15 to 20 billion beneficial CFU (Colony Forming Units) at the time of manufacture.
We manufacture (directly or through co-packers) our products under our own brand, as well as under private labels on behalf of certain customers. As of December 31, 2019, Lifeway offered approximately 20 varieties of our kefir products including more than 60 flavors . In addition to our core drinkable kefir products, we offer several lines of products developed through our innovation and development efforts. These include Kefir Cups, a strained, cupped version of our kefir; and Organic Farmer Cheese Cups, a cupped version of our soft cheeses, both served in resealable 5 oz. containers. We also offer Skyr, a strained cupped Icelandic yogurt; Plantiful, a plant-based probiotic beverage made from organic and non-GMO pea protein with 10 vegan kefir cultures; a line of probiotic supplements for adults and children; and a soft serve kefir mix.
Our product categories are:
• Drinkable Kefir, sold in a variety of organic and non-organic sizes, flavors, and types, including low fat, non-fat, whole milk, protein, and BioKefir (a 3.5 oz. kefir with additional probiotic cultures). • European-style soft cheeses, including farmer cheese in resealable cups. • Cream and other, which consists primarily of cream, a byproduct of making our kefir. • ProBugs, a line of kefir products designed for children. • Other Dairy, which includes Cupped Kefir and Icelandic Skyr, a line of strained kefir and yogurt products in resealable cups. • Frozen Kefir, available in both soft serve and pint-size containers.
Net sales of products by category were as follows for the years ended December 31:
(a) Includes Lifeway Kefir Shop sales
Table:
 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
In thousands | $ | % | $ | %
Drinkable Kefir other than ProBugs | $ 71,822 | 77% | $ 78,523 | 76%
Cheese | 11,459 | 12% | 11,486 | 11%
Cream and other | 4,228 | 4% | 5,276 | 5%
ProBugs Kefir | 2,780 | 3% | 2,795 | 3%
Other dairy | 1,756 | 2% | 3,836 | 4%
Frozen Kefir (a) | 1,617 | 2% | 1,434 | 1%
Net Sales | $ 93,662 | 100% | $ 103,350 | 100%


Question: What is the average total net sales for both 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 98506
Calculation: (93,662+103,350)/2
In connection with the asset-backed securitization programs, the Company recognized the following (in millions):
(1) The amounts primarily represent proceeds from collections reinvested in revolving-period transfers.
(2) Recorded to other expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3) Excludes $650.3 million of trade accounts receivable sold, $488.1 million of cash and $13.9 million of net cash received prior to the amendment of the foreign asset-backed securitization program and under the previous North American asset-backed securitization program.
The asset-backed securitization programs require compliance with several covenants. The North American asset-backed securitization program covenants include compliance with the interest ratio and debt to EBITDA ratio of the five-year unsecured credit facility amended as of November 8, 2017 (“the 2017 Credit Facility”). The foreign asset-backed securitization program covenants include limitations on certain corporate actions such as mergers and consolidations. As of August 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the asset-backed securitization programs.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal Year Ended August 31, | 
 | 2019(3) | 2018 | 2017
Trade accounts receivable sold | $4,057 | $8,386 | $8,878
Cash proceeds received(1) | $4,031 | $7,838 | $8,300
Pre-tax losses on sale of receivables(2) | $26 | $15 | $9
Deferred purchase price receivables as of August 31 | $— | $533 | $569


Question: What was the percentage change in Pre-tax losses on sale of receivables between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 66.67
Calculation: ($15-$9)/$9
Note 9 Earnings per share
The following table shows the components used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for earnings attributable to common shareholders.
(1) The calculation of the assumed exercise of stock options includes the effect of the average unrecognized future compensation cost of dilutive options. It excludes options for which the exercise price is higher than the average market value of a BCE common share. The number of excluded options was 61,170 in 2019 and 12,252,594 in 2018.
Table:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 | 2019 | 2018
Net earnings attributable to common shareholders – basic | 3,040 | 2,785
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars) | 3.17 | 3.02
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in millions) |  | 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic | 900.8 | 898.6
Assumed exercise of stock options (1) | 0.6 | 0.3
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted (in millions) | 901.4 | 898.9


Question: What is the percentage change in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted?
Answer: 0.28
Calculation: (901.4-898.9)/898.9
NOTE 6—INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET, AND GOODWILL
Intangible assets include patents, domain name and other intangibles purchased from GVR, including customer relationships, technology and a trademark. Certain patents were acquired from STI as a result of an asset contribution and were recorded at their carryover basis. The fair value of the patents remained substantially the same as their carrying value at the exchange date. In addition, we acquired other patents and the domain name www.resonant.com through the normal course of business. Intangibles acquired as part of the purchase of GVR were initially recorded at their fair value. Issued patents are amortized over their approximate useful life of 17 years, or 20 years in the case of new patents, once they are approved by their respective regulatory agency. For the patents acquired from STI, we are amortizing them over the remaining useful life of 1 to 11 years as of December 31, 2019. The domain name is amortized over the approximate useful life of 10 years. The other intangibles acquired from GVR are amortized over their useful life of three to five years.
Intangible assets, net, consists of the following as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:
(1) Includes the impact of foreign currency translation. The total impact at December 31, 2018 was $1,000 and there was no impact at December 31,
2019.
During the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we wrote-off $145,000 and $96,000, respectively, of patents we are no longer pursuing. The write-offs are included in research and development expense. There were no impairments to any other intangibles.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Cost: |  | 
Patents | $1,801,000 | $1,507,000
Domain name | 22,000 | 22,000
Client Base (1) | 144,000 | 142,000
Trademark (1) | 18,000 | 17,000
Backlog (1) | 13,000 | 13,000
Technology | 77,000 | 77,000
 | 2,075,000 | 1,778,000
Less: Accumulated amortization | (499,000) | (404,000)
Intangible assets, net | $ 1,576,000 | $ 1,374,000


Question: What was the change in total cost?
Answer: 297000
Calculation: 2,075,000 - 1,778,000
NOTE 9. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES
A summary of goodwill activity follows (in thousands).
Table:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Goodwill, beginning of period | $       3,178 | $           -
Golden Ridge acquisition | - | 3,178
MGI acquistion | 737 | -
Goodwill, end of period | $3,915 | $3,178


Question: What is the total goodwill obtained from acquisitions in 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 3915
Calculation: 3,178 + 737