operating expenses millions 2013 2012 2011 % (  % ) change 2013 v 2012 % (  % ) change 2012 v 2011 .

Table:
millions | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | % (  % ) change 2013 v 2012 | % (  % ) change 2012 v 2011
compensation and benefits | $ 4807 | $ 4685 | $ 4681 | 3 % (  % ) | -% ( - % )
fuel | 3534 | 3608 | 3581 | -2 ( 2 ) | 1
purchased services and materials | 2315 | 2143 | 2005 | 8 | 7
depreciation | 1777 | 1760 | 1617 | 1 | 9
equipment and other rents | 1235 | 1197 | 1167 | 3 | 3
other | 849 | 788 | 782 | 8 | 1
total | $ 14517 | $ 14181 | $ 13833 | 2 % (  % ) | 3% ( 3 % )
operating expenses increased $ 336 million in 2013 versus 2012 .
wage and benefit inflation , new logistics management fees and container costs for our automotive business , locomotive overhauls , property taxes and repairs on jointly owned property contributed to higher expenses during the year .
lower fuel prices partially offset the cost increases .
operating expenses increased $ 348 million in 2012 versus 2011 .
depreciation , wage and benefit inflation , higher fuel prices and volume- related trucking services purchased by our logistics subsidiaries , contributed to higher expenses during the year .
efficiency gains , volume related fuel savings ( 2% ( 2 % ) fewer gallons of fuel consumed ) and $ 38 million of weather related expenses in 2011 , which favorably affects the comparison , partially offset the cost increase .
compensation and benefits 2013 compensation and benefits include wages , payroll taxes , health and welfare costs , pension costs , other postretirement benefits , and incentive costs .
general wages and benefits inflation , higher work force levels and increased pension and other postretirement benefits drove the increases in 2013 versus 2012 .
the impact of ongoing productivity initiatives partially offset these increases .
expenses in 2012 were essentially flat versus 2011 as operational improvements and cost reductions offset general wage and benefit inflation and higher pension and other postretirement benefits .
in addition , weather related costs increased these expenses in 2011 .
fuel 2013 fuel includes locomotive fuel and gasoline for highway and non-highway vehicles and heavy equipment .
lower locomotive diesel fuel prices , which averaged $ 3.15 per gallon ( including taxes and transportation costs ) in 2013 , compared to $ 3.22 in 2012 , decreased expenses by $ 75 million .
volume , as measured by gross ton-miles , decreased 1% ( 1 % ) while the fuel consumption rate , computed as gallons of fuel consumed divided by gross ton-miles , increased 2% ( 2 % ) compared to 2012 .
declines in heavier , more fuel-efficient coal shipments drove the variances in gross-ton-miles and the fuel consumption rate .
higher locomotive diesel fuel prices , which averaged $ 3.22 per gallon ( including taxes and transportation costs ) in 2012 , compared to $ 3.12 in 2011 , increased expenses by $ 105 million .
volume , as measured by gross ton-miles , decreased 2% ( 2 % ) in 2012 versus 2011 , driving expense down .
the fuel consumption rate was flat year-over-year .
purchased services and materials 2013 expense for purchased services and materials includes the costs of services purchased from outside contractors and other service providers ( including equipment maintenance and contract expenses incurred by our subsidiaries for external transportation services ) ; materials used to maintain the railroad 2019s lines , structures , and equipment ; costs of operating facilities jointly used by uprr and other railroads ; transportation and lodging for train crew employees ; trucking and contracting costs for intermodal containers ; leased automobile maintenance expenses ; and tools and 2013 operating expenses .

Question: what percentage of total operating expenses was fuel in 2013?
Answer: 24%
Calculation: divide(3534, 14517)