hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
18. Reconciliation of net cash flow from operating activities
The table below shows how our (loss)/profit for the year from continuing operations translates into cash flows generated from our operating activities.
Table:
 |  | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
 | Notes | €m | €m | €m
(Loss)/profit for the financial year |  | (7,644) | 2,788 | (6,079)
Loss from discontinued operations | 7 | 3,535 | 1,969 | 4,107
(Loss)/profit for the financial year from continuing operations |  | (4,109) | 4,757 | (1,972)
Non-operating expense |  | 7 | 32 | 1
Investment income |  | (433) | (685) | (474)
Financing costs |  | 2,088 | 1,074 | 1,406
Income tax expense/(credit) | 6 | 1,496 | (879) | 4,764
Operating (loss)/profit |  | (951) | 4,299 | 3,725
Adjustments for: |  |  |  | 
Share-based payments and other non-cash charges |  | 147 | 128 | 95
Depreciation and amortisation | 10, 11 | 9,795 | 10,409 | 11,086
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets | 3 | 33 | 36 | 22
Share of result of equity accounted associates and joint ventures |  | 908 | 59 | (47)
Impairment losses | 4 | 3,525 | – | –
Other expense/(income) |  | 148 | (213) | (1,052)
(Increase)/decrease in inventory |  | (131) | (26) | 117
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables | 14 | (31) | (1,118) | 308
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables | 15 | 739 | 286 | (473)
Cash generated by operations |  | 14,182 | 13,860 | 13,781
Net tax paid |  | (1,131) | (1,118) | (761)
Cash flows from discontinued operations |  | (71) | 858 | 1,203
Net cash flow from operating activities |  | 12,980 | 13,600 | 14,223


Question: What is the change of average net cash flow from operating activities between 2017-2018 and 2018-2019?
Answer: -621.5
Calculation: [(12,980+13,600)/2] - [(13,600+14,223)/2]
10 Taxation (continued)
There are unrecognised deferred tax assets on the following temporary differences (presented below before the application of the relevant tax rate) due to uncertainty over the level of profits in the non-REIT elements of the Group in future periods:
The Company recognises no deferred tax asset or liability (2018: nil).
Table:
£m | 2019 | 2018
Revenue losses – UK | 398.4 | 300.8
Capital losses – UK | 34.5 | 34.2
Derivative financial instruments | 172.7 | 184.9
Other temporary differences | 20.1 | 9.7
Total unrecognised temporary differences | 625.7 | 529.6


Question: What is the revenue losses in UK in 2019?
Answer: 398.4
Key Performance Indicators
Key performance indicators, which we do not consider to be non-GAAP measures, that we use to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions include Monthly Recurring Revenue ("MRR") and Gross Merchandise Volume ("GMV"). Our key performance indicators may be calculated in a manner different than similar key performance indicators used by other companies.
The following table shows MRR and GMV for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
Table:
 | Years ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
 | (in thousands) | 
Monthly Recurring Revenue | $53,898 | $40,932
Gross Merchandise Volume | $61,138,457 | $41,103,238


Question: What is the full form of "MRR"?
Answer: Monthly Recurring Revenue
Note 10. EQUITY INVESTMENTS
Our equity investments consist of equity investments with readily determinable fair value, investments without readily determinable fair value, equity investments accounted for using the fair value option, and equity method investments.
Our share of earnings (losses) from equity investments accounted for under the equity method is reflected as ‘‘Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated investees’’ in our consolidated statements of operations. Mark-to-market gains and losses on equity investments with readily determinable fair value are reflected as ‘‘other, net’’ under other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations. The carrying value of our equity investments, classified as ‘‘other long-term assets’’ on our consolidated balance sheets, are as follows:
Table:
 | As of | 
(In thousands) | December 29, 2019 | December 30, 2018
Equity investments with readily determinable fair value: |  | 
Enphase Energy, Inc | $173,908 | $36,225
Total equity investments with readily determinable fair value | 173,908 | 36,225
Equity investments without readily determinable fair value: |  | 
Project entities | 2,677 | 2,951
Other equity investments without readily determinable fair value | 5,859 | 5,859
Total equity investments without readily determinable fair value | 8,536 | 8,810
Equity investments with fair value option: |  | 
SunStrong Capital Holdings, LLC | 8,000 | 8,831
SunStrong Partners, LLC | 9,500 | —
8point3 Solar Investco 3 Holdings, LLC | — | —
Total equity investment with fair value option | 17,500 | 8,831
Equity method investments |  | 
Huansheng Corporation | 26,533 | 32,784
Project entities | 125 | 2,044
Total equity method investments | 26,658 | 34,828
Total equity investments | $226,602 | $88,694


Question: What does the company's equity investments consist of?
Answer: Consist of equity investments with readily determinable fair value, investments without readily determinable fair value, equity investments accounted for using the fair value option, and equity method investments.
1 As defined by the International Monetary Fund.
Revenue related to external customers went up moderately yearover- year on growth in nearly all industrial businesses. SGRE and Siemens Healthineers posted the highest growth rates, while revenue at Gas and Power declined moderately in a difficult market environment. The revenue decline in emerging markets was due mainly to lower revenue in Egypt, where in fiscal 2018 Gas and Power recorded sharply higher revenue from large orders.
Revenue in Europe, C. I. S., Africa, Middle East increased moderately on growth in a majority of industrial businesses, driven by substantial growth at SGRE. Gas and Power posted a clear decline in a difficult market environment. In Germany, revenue was up moderately with significant growth in Mobility and Gas and Power, partly offset by a decline in SGRE.
In the Americas, revenue came in clearly higher year-over-year, benefiting from positive currency translation effects. Siemens Healthineers, Smart Infrastructure and Gas and Power recorded the largest increases, while SGRE posted clearly lower revenue in the region. In the U. S., all industrial businesses posted higher revenues year-over-year, with SGRE and Smart Infrastructure recording the strongest growth rates.
Revenue in Asia, Australia rose moderately year-over-year on growth in the majority of industrial businesses, led by Siemens Healthineers and Digital Industries. Gas and Power and SGRE posted lower revenue year-over-year. In China, revenue was also
up in the majority of industrial businesses, led by Siemens Healthineers. In contrast, SGRE posted substantially lower revenue year-over-year in that country.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal year |  | % Change
(in millions of €) | 2019 | 2018 | Actual | Comp.
Europe, C. I. S., Africa, Middle East | 44,360 | 42,782 | 4% | 4%
therein: Germany | 12,282 | 11,729 | 5% | 4 %
Americas | 23,796 | 22,115 | 8% | 3%
therein: U. S. | 17,993 | 16,012 | 12% | 6%
Asia, Australia | 18,693 | 18,147 | 3% | 2%
therein: China | 8,405 | 8,102 | 4% | 3%
Siemens | 86,849 | 83,044 | 5 % | 3 %
therein: emerging markets1 | 27,607 | 28,272 | (2) % | (2) %


Question: What caused the increase in revenue in Americas?
Answer: In the Americas, revenue came in clearly higher year-over-year, benefiting from positive currency translation effects
The table below presents estimated payments and benefits that would have been provided to Messrs. Lien, Walcott and Bertz, assuming their respective qualifying terminations as of December 31, 2019. As a condition of receiving any severance benefits in connection with the change in control agreements, each named executive officer must execute a full waiver and release of all claims in our favor. In addition to the benefits described in the tables below, upon termination of employment each executive officer may be eligible for other benefits that are generally available to all salaried employees, such as life insurance, long-term disability, and 401(k) benefits.
(1) Mr. Lien would receive 18 months of base salary and 150% of his annual target bonus. Mr. Walcott would receive 12 months of base salary and 100% of his annual target bonus. Mr. Bertz would receive six months of base salary, 50% of his annual target bonus and the pro rata portion of his unpaid annual target bonus for the period of completed service.
(2) Mr. Lien would receive 18 months of COBRA benefits reimbursement and Mr. Bertz would receive six months of COBRA benefits reimbursement. Mr. Walcott elected not to receive benefits from the Company that would be eligible for continuation under COBRA. As a result, Mr. Walcott would not be eligible for post-termination COBRA benefits reimbursement.
(3) As of December 31, 2019, Mr. Walcott held a stock option with 13,006 unvested shares subject to such option with an exercise price of $17.15 per share. The exercise price of each of these stock options is greater than $1.38, the closing price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Global Market as of December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 2019, Mr. Walcott had 78,750 unvested RSUs and Mr. Bertz had 40,000 unvested RSUs.
(4) Mr. Lien would receive nine months of base salary and 75% of his annual target bonus; Mr. Walcott would receive six months of base salary and 50% of his target bonus; Mr. Bertz would receive three months of base salary and 25% of his target bonus.
(5) Mr. Lien would receive nine months of COBRA benefits reimbursement and Mr. Bertz would receive three months of COBRA benefits reimbursement. Mr. Walcott elected not to receive benefits from the Company that would be eligible for continuation under COBRA. As a result, Mr. Walcott would not be eligible for post-termination COBRA benefits reimbursement.
Table:
 | Chris Lien | Wister Walcott | Robert Bertz
Termination after Change of Control: |  |  | 
Cash Severance(1) | $1,200,000 | $450,000 | $254,063
Post-termination COBRA Reimbursement(2) | 48,160 | — | 11,098
Acceleration of Stock Options and RSUs(3) | — | 108,675 | 55,200
Total | $1,248,160 | $558,675 | $320,361
Termination not in connection with Change of Control: |  |  | 
Cash Severance(4) | $600,000 | $225,000 | $103,125
Post-termination COBRA Reimbursement(5) | 24,080 | — | 5,549
Total | $624,080 | $225,000 | $108,674


Question: How many months of COBRA benefits reimbursement would Mr Lien and Mr Bertz respectively receive as part of their post-termination COBRA Reimbursement?
Answer: 18, 6
Restricted Stock Units
During the fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, the Company issued both service-based RSUs and market-based performance RSUs (“PRSUs”). Market-based PRSUs generally vest three years from the grant date if certain performance criteria are achieved and require continued employment. Based upon the terms of such awards, the number of shares that can be earned over the performance periods is based on the Company’s Common Stock price performance compared to the market price performance of the Philadelphia Semiconductor Sector Index (“SOX”), ranging from 0% to 150% of target. The stock price performance or market price performance is measured using the closing price for the 50-trading days prior to the dates the performance period begins and ends. The target number of shares represented by the market-based PRSUs is increased by 2% of target for each 1% that Common Stock price performance exceeds the market price performance of the SOX index. The result of the vesting formula is rounded down to the nearest whole number. Total stockholder return is a measure of stock price appreciation in this performance period.
The following table summarizes restricted stock activity:
The fair value of the Company’s service-based RSUs was calculated based on fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant, discounted for dividends.
Table:
 | Service-based RSUs Outstanding |  | Market-based RSUs Outstanding | 
 | Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
June 26, 2016 | 3,256,513 | $71.34 | 1,078,591 | $63.12
Granted | 1,224,877 | $114.13 | 435,694 | $111.75
Vested | (1,677,318) | $69.10 | (592,321) | $46.67
Forfeited or canceled | (116,466) | $76.76 | (59,509) | $66.81
June 25, 2017 | 2,687,606 | $92.01 | 862,455 | $83.83
Granted | 964,391 | $183.97 | 285,866 | $170.15
Vested | (1,362,369) | $87.80 | (407,024) | $76.88
Forfeited or canceled | (96,540) | $108.67 | (47,571) | $91.36
June 24, 2018 | 2,193,088 | $134.34 | 693,726 | $104.59
Granted | 893,622 | $161.64 | 163,529 | $165.78
Vested | (1,135,284) | $115.23 | (301,622) | $70.58
Forfeited or canceled | (154,541) | $141.38 | (120,859) | $104.73
June 30, 2019 | 1,796,885 | $159.36 | 434,774 | $144.57


Question: How is the stock price performance or market price performance measured?
Answer: using the closing price for the 50-trading days prior to the dates the performance period begins and ends
At 31 December 2019 trade receivables are shown net of a loss allowance totalling £6.1 million (2018: £4.0 million).
The Group does not use factoring to generate cash flow from trade receivables.
– other financial assets including loans to joint ventures
The Group applies the expected credit loss model in respect of other financial assets. Financial assets are individually assessed as to whether the credit risk has increased significantly in the period and therefore whether there is a need to apply the lifetime expected credit losses model as opposed to the 12-month expected credit loss model.
At 31 December 2019 there is no loss allowance recognised for other financial assets as it has been concluded as an immaterial risk of credit loss on other financial assets.
– cash deposits and derivative financial instruments
The credit risk relating to cash deposits and derivative financial instruments is actively managed by the Group’s treasury department. Relationships are maintained with a number of tier one institutional counterparties, ensuring compliance with Group policy relating to limits on the credit ratings of counterparties (between BBB+ and AAA).
Excessive credit risk concentration is avoided through adhering to authorised limits for all counterparties.
Table:
 | Credit Rating | Authorised Limit | Group Exposure 31 December 2019 | Credit Rating | Authorised Limit | Group Exposure 31 December 2018
 |  | £m | £m |  | £m | £m
Counterparty #1 | AA- | 125.0 | 64.9 | AA- | 125.0 | 111.9
Counterparty #2 | AAA | 150.0 | 43.1 | A+ | 100.0 | 44.1
Counterparty #3 | A+ | 100.0 | 38.7 | A | 100.0 | 27.2
Counterparty #4 | A | 100.0 | 26.0 | AAA | 150.0 | 22.3
Counterparty #5 | A | 75.0 | 20.0 | AAA | 150.0 | 12.3
Sum of five largest exposures |  |  | 192.7 |  |  | 217.8
Sum of cash deposits and derivative financial instrument assets |  |  | 203.5 |  |  | 244.2
Five largest exposures as a percentage of assets at risk |  |  | 95% |  |  | 89%


Question: What is the sum of cash deposits and derivative financial instrument assets in 2018?
Answer: 244.2
GasLog Ltd. and its Subsidiaries
Notes to the consolidated financial statements (Continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(All amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share and per share data)
17. General and Administrative Expenses
An analysis of general and administrative expenses is as follows:
* Employee costs include restructuring costs of $3,975 pursuant to management’s decision to relocate more of its employees including several members of senior management to the Piraeus, Greece office.
Table:
 |  | For the year ended December 31, | 
 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019
Employee costs* | 18,789 | 20,980 | 24,863
Share-based compensation (Note 22) | 4,565 | 5,216 | 5,107
Other expenses | 16,496 | 15,797 | 17,415
Total | 39,850 | 41,993 | 47,385


Question: Which year has the highest share-based compensation?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: 5,216 > 5,107 > 4,565
Net debt including IFRS 16 lease liabilities
A reconciliation between net debt and net debt including IFRS 16 lease liabilities is given below. A breakdown of the balances that are included within net debt is given within Note 24. Net debt excludes IFRS 16 lease liabilities to enable comparability with prior years.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | £m | £m
Net debt | 295.2 | 235.8
IFRS 16 lease liabilities | 38.9 | –
Net debt and IFRS 16 lease liabilities | 334.1 | 235.8


Question: What was the change in the amount of Net debt and IFRS 16 lease liabilities from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 98.3
Calculation: 334.1-235.8
Free Cash Flow
We monitor our free cash flow, as a key measure of our overall business performance, which enables us to analyze our financial performance without the effects of certain non-cash items such as depreciation, amortization, and stock-based compensation expenses. Additionally, free cash flow takes into account the impact of changes in deferred revenue, which reflects the receipt of cash payment for products before they are recognized as revenue, and unbilled accounts receivable, which reflects revenue that has been recognized that has yet to be invoiced to our customers.
Our net cash provided by (used in) operating activities is significantly impacted by the timing of invoicing and collections of accounts receivable, the timing and amount of annual bonus payments, as well as payroll and tax payments. Our capital expenditures consisted of purchases of property and equipment, most of which were computer hardware, software, capitalized software development costs, and leasehold improvements.
In fiscal year 2019, free cash flow was impacted by $23.6 million related to the build out and furnishing of our new corporate headquarters in San Mateo, California. For a further discussion of our operating cash flows, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Cash Flows.”(in thousands)
Table:
 | Fiscal years ended July 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Net cash provided by operating activities | $116,126 | $140,459
Net cash used for capital expenditures | (48,857) | (12,011)
Free cash flow | $67,269 | $128,448


Question: What was the change in the Net cash provided by operating activities from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -24333
Calculation: 116,126 - 140,459
2 Investments in subsidiaries
Investments are stated at cost less provisions for any impairment in value.
Additions in the year relate to investments in Gestra Holdings Limited £1.6m and Spirax Sarco America Investments Limited £212.4m. Spirax Sarco America Investments Limited was incorporated on 24th October 2018 with the purpose of holding Group US$ investments and loans. Gestra Holdings Limited was incorporated on 9th October 2018 with the purpose of holding other Gestra Companies.
Details relating to subsidiary undertakings are given on pages 207 to 211. Except where stated all classes of shares were 100% owned by the Group at 31st December 2019. The country of incorporation of the principal Group companies is the same as the country of operation with the exception of companies operating in the United Kingdom which are incorporated in Great Britain. All operate in steam, electrical thermal energy solutions, fluid path technologies or peristaltic pumping markets except those companies identified as a holding company on pages 207 to 211.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | £m | £m
Cost: |  | 
At 1st January | 445.8 | 269.4
Share options issued to subsidiary company employees | 2.2 | 2.6
Additions | 214.0 | 173.8
At 31st December | 662.0 | 445.8


Question: What was the percentage change in the cost at 31st December in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 48.5
Calculation: (662.0-445.8)/445.8
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (United States Dollars in thousands, except per share data and unless otherwise indicated)
Business Metrics
We review a number of operating and financial metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends, formulate plans and make strategic decisions, including the following.
Transaction Volume. We define transaction volume as the dollar value of loans facilitated on our platform
during a given period. Transaction volume is an indicator of revenue and overall platform profitability and has
grown substantially in the past several years.
Loan Servicing Portfolio. We define our loan servicing portfolio as the aggregate outstanding consumer loan balance (principal plus accrued interest and fees) serviced by our platform at the date of measurement. Our loan servicing portfolio is an indicator of our servicing activities. The average loan servicing portfolio for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $8,213 million, $6,303 million and $4,501 million, respectively.
Active Merchants. We define active merchants as home improvement merchants and healthcare providers that have submitted at least one consumer application during the twelve months ended at the date of measurement. Because our transaction volume is a function of the size, engagement and growth of our merchant network, active merchants, in aggregate, are an indicator of future revenue and profitability, although they are not directly correlated. The comparative measures can also be impacted by disciplined corrective action taken by the Company to remove merchants from our program who do not meet our customer satisfaction standards.
Cumulative Consumer Accounts. We define cumulative consumer accounts as the aggregate number of consumer accounts approved on our platform since our inception, including accounts with both outstanding and zero balances. Although not directly correlated to revenue, cumulative consumer accounts is a measure of our brand awareness among consumers, as well as the value of the data we have been collecting from such consumers since our inception. We may use this data to support future growth by cross-marketing products and delivering potential additional customers to merchants that may not have been able to source those customers themselves.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Transaction Volume |  |  | 
Dollars (in millions) | $5,954 | $5,030 | $3,767
Percentage increase | 18% | 34% | 
Loan Servicing Portfolio |  |  | 
Dollars (in millions, at end of period) | $9,150 | $7,341 | $5,390
Percentage increase | 25% | 36% | 
Active Merchants |  |  | 
Number (at end of period) | 17,216 | 14,907 | 10,891
Percentage increase | 15% | 37% | 
Cumulative Consumer Accounts |  |  | 
Number (in millions, at end of period) | 3.03 | 2.24 | 1.57
Percentage increase | 35% | 43% | 


Question: What was the change in the Loan Servicing Portfolio between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 1951
Calculation: 7,341-5,390
19. ACCRUED EXPENSES
Vessel operating and drydocking expense related accruals are composed of vessel operating expenses such as crew wages, vessel supplies, routine repairs, maintenance, drydocking, lubricating oils and insurances.
Administrative expenses related accruals are comprised of general overhead including personnel costs, legal and professional fees, costs associated with project development, property costs and other general expenses.
The movement in interest expense is due to repayments of VIE entities' accrued interest expenses during the year.
Table:
(in thousands of $) | 2019 | 2018
Vessel operating and drydocking expenses | (24,457) | (24,041)
Administrative expenses | (11,713) | (11,042)
Interest expense | (44,150) | (97,688)
Current tax payable | (720) | (463)
 | (81,040) | (133,234)


Question: Which year has a higher interest expense?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: (97,688) > (44,150)