hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Research and development
Research and development expense consists primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs; the cost of products, materials, and outside services used in our R&D activities; and depreciation and amortization expense associated with R&D specific facilities and equipment. We maintain a number of programs and activities to improve our technology and processes in order to enhance the performance and reduce the costs of our solar modules.
The following table shows research and development expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017:
Research and development expense in 2019 increased compared to 2018 primarily due to increased material and module testing costs and higher employee compensation expense.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended |  |  | Change |  | 
(Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2019 over 2018 |  | 2018 over 2017 | 
Research and development | $96,611 | $84,472 | $88,573 | $12,139 | 14% | $(4,101) | (5)%
% of net sales . | 3.2% | 3.8% | 3.0% |  |  |  | 


Question: What are components of research and development expense?
Answer: Research and development expense consists primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs; the cost of products, materials, and outside services used in our R&D activities; and depreciation and amortization expense associated with R&D specific facilities and equipment.
Fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018
The following table sets forth our Consolidated Statements of Operations data as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated:
Note: The percentages may not add due to rounding.
Table:
 | Fiscal Year | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Net revenues | 100% | 100%
Cost of revenues | 22 | 21
Gross profit | 78 | 79
Operating expenses: |  | 
Sales and marketing | 32 | 33
Research and development | 19 | 20
General and administrative | 9 | 12
Amortization of intangible assets | 4 | 5
Restructuring, transition and other costs | 5 | 8
Total operating expenses | 70 | 78
Operating income | 8 | 1
Interest expense | (4) | (5)
Gain on divestiture | — | 14
Other expense, net | (1) | —
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 2 | 9
Income tax expense (benefit) | 2 | (14)
Income from continuing operations | — | 23
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes | — | —
Net income | 1% | 24%


Question: What are the fiscal year periods indicated in the table?
Answer: Fiscal 2019, Fiscal 2018
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the Company's deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows (amounts in millions):
In assessing whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will be realized, the Company considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, including its recent cumulative earnings experience and expectations of future available taxable income of the appropriate character by taxing jurisdiction, tax attribute carryback and carryforward periods available to them for tax reporting purposes, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.
Table:
 | March 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Deferred tax assets: |  | 
Deferred income on shipments to distributors | $— | $39.1
Inventory valuation | 45.0 | 10.7
Net operating loss carryforward | 94.3 | 101.1
Capital loss carryforward | 9.6 | 10.6
Share-based compensation | 42.4 | 31.4
Income tax credits | 376.5 | 178.4
Property, plant and equipment | 23.6 | 25.7
Accrued expenses and other | 91.4 | 91.2
Intangible assets | 1,608.1 | —
Other | 12.6 | —
Gross deferred tax assets | 2,303.5 | 488.2
Valuation allowances | (332.1) | (204.5)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances | 1,971.4 | 283.7
Deferred tax liabilities: |  | 
Convertible debt | (279.3) | (304.4)
Intangible assets | (721.0) | (66.6)
Other | — | (18.3)
Deferred tax liabilities | (1,000.3) | (389.3)
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $971.1 | $(105.6)
Reported as: |  | 
Non-current deferred tax assets | $1,677.2 | $100.2
Non-current deferred tax liability | (706.1) | (205.8)
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $971.1 | $(105.6)


Question: What was the change in Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 1687.7
Calculation: 1,971.4-283.7
Contract Balances
A contract asset will be recorded if we have recognized revenue but do not have an unconditional right to the related consideration from the customer. For example, this will be the case if implementation services offered in a cloud arrangement are identified as a separate performance obligation and are provided to a customer prior to us being able to bill the customer. In addition, a contract asset may arise in relation to subscription licenses if the license revenue that is recognized upfront exceeds the amount that we are able to invoice the customer at that time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable when the rights become unconditional.
The balance for our contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e. deferred revenues) for the periods indicated below were as follows:
The difference in the opening and closing balances of our contract assets and deferred revenues primarily results from the timing difference between our performance and the customer’s payments. We fulfill our obligations under a contract with a customer by transferring products and services in exchange for consideration from the customer. During the year ended June 30, 2019, we reclassified $19.2 million of contract assets to receivables as a result of the right to the transaction consideration becoming unconditional. During the year ended June 30, 2019, there was no significant impairment loss recognized related to contract assets.
We recognize deferred revenue when we have received consideration or an amount of consideration is due from the customer for future obligations to transfer products or services. Our deferred revenues primarily relate to customer support agreements which have been paid for by customers prior to the performance of those services. The amount of revenue that was recognized during the year ended June 30, 2019 that was included in the deferred revenue balances at July 1, 2018 was approximately $617 million.
Table:
 | As of June 30, 2019 | As of July 1, 2018
Short-term contract assets | $20,956 | $5,474
Long-term contract assets | $15,386 | $12,382
Short-term deferred revenue | $641,656 | $618,197
Long-term deferred revenue | $46,974 | $64,743


Question:  What is the total contract assets as of June 30, 2019? 
Answer: 36342
Calculation: 20,956 +15,386
4. Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):
We grow and maintain flocks of layers (mature female chickens), pullets (female chickens, under 18 weeks of age), and breeders (male and female chickens used to produce fertile eggs to hatch for egg production flocks). Our total flock at June 1, 2019, consisted of approximately 9.4 million pullets and breeders and 36.2 million layers.
Table:
 | June 1, 2019 | June 2, 2018
Flocks, net of accumulated amortization | $105,536 | $96,594
Eggs | 14,318 | 17,313
Feed and supplies | 52,383 | 54,737
 | $172,237 | $168,644


Question: What was the flock composition in June 2019?
Answer: consisted of approximately 9.4 million pullets and breeders and 36.2 million layers.
5 Alternative Performance Measures (“APM’s”) continued
Unlevered Free Cash Flow
Unlevered free cash flow represents net cash flow from operating activities adjusted for exceptional items and net capital expenditure. Unlevered free cash flow provides an understanding of the Group’s cash generation and is a supplemental measure of liquidity in respect of the Group’s operations without the distortions of exceptional and other non-operating items.
Table:
 | Year-ended 31 March 2019 | Year-ended 31 March 2018
 | $M | $M
Net cash flow from operating activities | 142.9 | 147.7
Exceptional items | 3.1 | 13.0
Net capital expenditure | (22.2) | (21.1)
Unlevered free cash flow | 123.8 | 139.6


Question: What was the percentage change in exceptional items in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: -76.15
Calculation: (3.1-13.0)/13.0
shareowner return performance graph the following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed 201csoliciting material 201d or to be 201cfiled 201d with the sec , nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the securities act of 1933 or securities exchange act of 1934 , each as amended , except to the extent that the company specifically incorporates such information by reference into such filing . the following graph shows a five year comparison of cumulative total shareowners 2019 returns for our class b common stock , the standard & poor 2019s 500 index , and the dow jones transportation average . the comparison of the total cumulative return on investment , which is the change in the quarterly stock price plus reinvested dividends for each of the quarterly periods , assumes that $ 100 was invested on december 31 , 2010 in the standard & poor 2019s 500 index , the dow jones transportation average , and our class b common stock. .

Table:
 | 12/31/2010 | 12/31/2011 | 12/31/2012 | 12/31/2013 | 12/31/2014 | 12/31/2015
united parcel service inc . | $ 100.00 | $ 103.88 | $ 107.87 | $ 158.07 | $ 171.77 | $ 160.61
standard & poor 2019s 500 index | $ 100.00 | $ 102.11 | $ 118.43 | $ 156.77 | $ 178.22 | $ 180.67
dow jones transportation average | $ 100.00 | $ 100.01 | $ 107.49 | $ 151.97 | $ 190.08 | $ 158.23
.

Question: what was the difference in percentage total cumulative return on investment for united parcel service inc . compared to the standard & poor 2019s 500 index the for the five year period ending 12/31/2015?
Answer: -20.06%
Calculation: subtract(160.61, const_100), divide(#0, const_100), subtract(180.67, const_100), divide(#2, const_100), subtract(#1, #3)
Expense
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, Teradyne’s net periodic postretirement benefit cost (income) was comprised of the following:
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
 |  | (in thousands) | 
Components of Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit |  |  | 
Cost (income): |  |  | 
Service cost | $41 | $39 | $34
Interest cost | 347 | 196 | 201
Amortization of prior service credit | (191) | (373) | (496)
Net actuarial loss | 717 | 25 | 398
Special termination benefits | — | 3,708 | 591
Total net periodic postretirement benefit cost | 914 | 3,595 | 728
Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income: |  |  | 
Prior service cost | — | — | —
Reversal of amortization items: |  |  | 
Prior service credit | 191 | 373 | 496
Total recognized in other comprehensive income | 191 | 373 | 496
Total recognized in net periodic postretirement cost and other comprehensive income | $1,105 | $3,968 | $1,224


Question: What was the interest cost in 2019?
Answer: 347
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following summarizes information regarding our cash, investments, and working capital (in thousands):
Cash was $169.6 million at June 30, 2019, representing an increase of $48.5 million from $121.1 million at June 30, 2018. Cash increased primarily due to cash provided by operations of $104.9 million partially offset by cash used in investing activities of $21.8 million mainly for capital expenditures, and cash used in financing activities of $34.4 million mainly as a result of repayments of debt and repurchases of stock.
Cash was $121.1 million at June 30, 2018, representing a decrease of $9.3 million from $130.5 million at June 30, 2017. Cash and cash equivalents decreased primarily due to cash used in investing activities of $132.5 million mainly for the acquisitions of the Campus Fabric and Data Center Businesses and capital expenditures, partially offset by cash provided by financing activities of $104.7 million as a result of additional borrowings for the acquisitions and cash provided by operations of $19.0 million.
Table:
 | June 30,
2019 | June 30,
2018
Cash  | $169,607 | $121,139
Marketable securities   | — | 1,459
Total cash and marketable securities | $169,607 | $122,598


Question: What was the amount of cash in 2018?
Answer: 121,139
Stock purchase warrants
Prior to the 2019 Brookfield Transaction, Teekay held 15.5 million common unit warrants (or the Brookfield Transaction Warrants) issued by Altera to Teekay in connection with the 2017 Brookfield Transaction (see Note 4) and 1,755,000 warrants to purchase common units of Altera issued to Teekay in connection with Altera's private placement of Series D Preferred Units in June 2016 (or the Series D Warrants). In May 2019, Teekay sold to Brookfield all of the Company’s remaining interests in Altera, which included, among other things, both the Brookfield Transaction Warrants and Series D Warrants.
Changes in fair value during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 for the Company’s Brookfield Transaction Warrants and the Series D Warrants, which were measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), are as follows:
Table:
 | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
 | $ | $
Fair value at the beginning of the year | 12,026 | 30,749
Fair value on acquisition/issuance | — | 2,330
Unrealized gain (loss) included in earnings | 26,900 | (21,053)
Realized loss included in earnings | (25,559) | —
Settlements | (13,367) | —
Fair value at the end of the year | — | 12,026


Question: Prior to 2019, what was the amount of warrants held by Brookfield Transaction, Teekay?
Answer: 15.5 million
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data has been derived from our consolidated financial statements (in thousands, except per share data). This data should be read together with Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this annual report. The financial information below is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations. Future results could differ materially from historical results due to many factors, including those discussed in Item 1A, Risk Factors.
(1) The consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019, includes the acquisition of Speedpay as discussed in Note 3, Acquisition, to our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part IV, Item 15 of this Form 10-K.
(2) The consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019, reflects the application of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (codified as “ASC 842”) as discussed in Note 14, Leases, to our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(3) The consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018, reflects the adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (codified as “ASC 606”), as discussed in Note 2, Revenue, to our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, including a cumulative adjustment of $244.0 million to retained earnings.
(4) The consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017, reflects the Baldwin Hackett & Meeks, Inc. (“BHMI”) judgment. We recorded $46.7 million in general and administrative expense and $1.4 million in interest expense, as discussed in Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, to our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(5) The consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016, reflects the sale of Community Financial Services assets and liabilities.
Table:
 |  |  | Years Ended December 31, |  | 
 | 2019 (1)(2) | 2018 (3) | 2017 (4) | 2016 (5) | 2015
Income Statement Data: |  |  |  |  | 
Total revenues | $ 1,258,294 | $ 1,009,780 | $ 1,024,191 | $ 1,005,701 | $ 1,045,977
Net income | 67,062 | 68,921 | 5,135 | 129,535 | 85,436
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  | 
Basic | $ 0.58 | $ 0.59 | $ 0.04 | $ 1.10 | $ 0.73
Diluted | $ 0.57 | $ 0.59 | $ 0.04 | $ 1.09 | $ 0.72
Weighted average common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  | 
Basic | 116,175 | 116,057 | 118,059 | 117,533 | 117,465
Diluted | 118,571 | 117,632 | 119,444 | 118,847 | 118,919


Question: What does the consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019, include?
Answer: the acquisition of Speedpay
Single figure table for total remuneration (audited)
Single figure for the total remuneration received by each executive director for the 52 weeks ended 30 March 2019 (2018/19) and 31 March 2018 (2017/18).
Gavin Darby
Mr Darby received a basic salary of £700,000 per annum and a salary supplement in lieu of pension of 20% of base salary on a pro rata basis for the period up to 31 January 2019. Mr Darby received a pro rata bonus of £525,500 for the financial period to 31 January 2019. Benefits were provided for the period up to 31 January 2019 relating to the provision of an executive driver service, private health insurance and annual medical assessment.
Alastair Murray
Mr Murray received a basic salary for the period of £416,201 per annum and an annualised supplement in lieu of pension of 7.5% of the Earnings Cap (£160,800 for the 2018/19 tax year) which equates to £12,060 for the period together with an additional RPI adjusted pensions supplement of £24,348. He was appointed Acting CEO on 1 February 2019, in addition to his current role of Chief Financial Officer, on a temporary basis whilst the Board conducts a search process for a new CEO.
In recognition of this significant additional responsibility, it was agreed that Mr Murray would receive a monthly salary supplement of £20,000 (which does not count towards pension, annual bonus or long-term incentives) whilst he carries out this role.
Mr Murray received a bonus of £231,615 for the financial period. Benefits related to the provision of a company car, use of an executive driver service (following his appointment as Acting CEO) and private health insurance. In line with the current Remuneration Policy, one-third of his annual bonus award will be in the form of shares deferred for three years.
Full details of the annual bonus performance assessments for Mr Darby and Mr Murray are set out on pages 53 to 55.
Table:
 | Gavin Darby |  | Alastair Murray | 
 | 2018/19 | 2017/18 | 2018/19 | 2017/18
 | £’000 | £’000 | £’000 | £’000
Salary | 583 | 700 | 416 | 408
Salary supplement | – | – | 40 | –
Taxable benefits | 17 | 22 | 27 | 24
Pension | 117 | 140 | 36 | 35
Annual Bonus | 525 | 368 | 232 | 153
Share based awards | – | – | – | –
Total | 1,242 | 1,230 | 751 | 620


Question: What is the average salary of Alastair Murray in 2017/18 and 2018/19?
Answer: 412
Calculation: (416 + 408) / 2
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
During fiscal 2019 and 2018, the aggregate changes in our total gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits are summarized as follows:
At September 30, 2019 and 2018, the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate was $0.7 million and $1.8 million, respectively. During fiscal year 2020, it is reasonably possible that resolution of reviews by taxing authorities, both domestic and foreign, could be reached with respect to an immaterial amount of net unrecognized tax benefits depending on the timing of examinations or expiration of statutes of limitations, either because our tax positions are sustained or because we agree to the disallowance and pay the related income tax. We recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The amount of net interest and penalties recognized as a component of income tax expense during fiscal 2019 and 2018 were not material.
We are subject to ongoing audits from various taxing authorities in the jurisdictions in which we do business. As of September 30, 2019, the fiscal years open under the statute of limitations in significant jurisdictions include 2016 through 2019 in the U.S. We believe we have adequately provided for uncertain tax issues we have not yet resolved with federal, state and foreign tax authorities. Although not more likely than not, the most adverse resolution of these issues could result in additional charges to earnings in future periods. Based upon a consideration of all relevant facts and circumstances, we do not believe the ultimate resolution of uncertain tax issues for all open tax periods will have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition or results of operations.
Cash amounts paid for income taxes, net of refunds received, were $28.7 million, $15.7 million and $1.6 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Table:
 |  | September 30,
 | 2019 | 2018
 |  | (in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year | $ 9,942 | $ 13,248
Additions (reductions) for tax positions taken in prior years | 8,458 | (80)
Recognition of benefits from expiration of statutes | (776) | (1,770)
Additions for tax positions related to the current year | 951 | 713
Reductions for tax positions related to acquisitions | — | (2,169)
Balance at end of year | $18,575 | $9,942


Question: What is the total cash amounts paid for income taxes, net of refunds received in 2017, 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 46
Calculation: 28.7+15.7+1.6
Summarized financial information of Hilli LLC
The most significant impacts of Hilli LLC VIE's operations on our consolidated statements of income and consolidated statements of cash flows, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows:
Table:
(in thousands of $) | 2019 | 2018
Statement of income |  | 
Liquefaction services revenue | 218,096 | 127,625
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains on the oil derivative instrument | (26,001) | 16,767
Statement of cash flows |  | 
Net debt repayments | (243,513) | (30,300)
Net debt receipts | 129,454 | —


Question: In which year was the realized and unrealized (losses)/gains on the oil derivative instrument higher?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: 16,767 > (26,001)
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable, net, consisted of the following as of January 31:
(1) Autodesk adopted ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers" regarding Accounting Standards Codification (ASC Topic 606) during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. As such, current year balances are shown under ASC Topic 606 and prior year balances are shown under ASC Topic 605. See Note 1, "Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies-Accounting Standards Adopted", of our consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Allowances for uncollectible trade receivables are based upon historical loss patterns, the number of days that billings are past due, and an evaluation of the potential risk of loss associated with problem accounts.
As part of the indirect channel model, Autodesk has a partner incentive program that uses quarterly attainment of monetary rewards to motivate distributors and resellers to achieve mutually agreed upon business goals in a specified time period. A portion of these incentives reduce maintenance and other revenue in the current period. The remainder, which relates to incentives on our Subscription Program, is recorded as a reduction to deferred revenue in the period the subscription transaction is billed and subsequently recognized as a reduction to subscription revenue over the contract period. These incentive balances do not require significant assumptions or judgments. Depending on how the payments are made, the reserves associated with the partner incentive program are treated on the balance sheet as either contra accounts receivable or accounts payable
Table:
(in million) | 2019 | 2018
Trade accounts receivable | $526.6 | $469.2
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts | (2.2) | (2.3)
Product returns reserve | (0.3) | (0.2)
Partner programs and other obligations | (49.8) | (28.5)
Accounts receivable, net (1) | $474.3 | $438.2


Question: What was the amount of trade accounts receivable in 2018?
Answer: $469.2