hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
have access to liquidity by issuing bonds to public or private investors based on our assessment of the current condition of the credit markets . at december 31 , 2009 , we had a working capital surplus of approximately $ 1.0 billion , which reflects our decision to maintain additional cash reserves to enhance liquidity in response to difficult economic conditions . at december 31 , 2008 , we had a working capital deficit of approximately $ 100 million . historically , we have had a working capital deficit , which is common in our industry and does not indicate a lack of liquidity . we maintain adequate resources and , when necessary , have access to capital to meet any daily and short-term cash requirements , and we have sufficient financial capacity to satisfy our current liabilities . cash flows millions of dollars 2009 2008 2007 .

Table:
millions of dollars | 2009 | 2008 | 2007
cash provided by operating activities | $ 3234 | $ 4070 | $ 3277
cash used in investing activities | -2175 ( 2175 ) | -2764 ( 2764 ) | -2426 ( 2426 )
cash used in financing activities | -458 ( 458 ) | -935 ( 935 ) | -800 ( 800 )
net change in cash and cash equivalents | $ 601 | $ 371 | $ 51
operating activities lower net income in 2009 , a reduction of $ 184 million in the outstanding balance of our accounts receivable securitization program , higher pension contributions of $ 72 million , and changes to working capital combined to decrease cash provided by operating activities compared to 2008 .
higher net income and changes in working capital combined to increase cash provided by operating activities in 2008 compared to 2007 .
in addition , accelerated tax deductions enacted in 2008 on certain new operating assets resulted in lower income tax payments in 2008 versus 2007 .
voluntary pension contributions in 2008 totaling $ 200 million and other pension contributions of $ 8 million partially offset the year-over-year increase versus 2007 .
investing activities lower capital investments and higher proceeds from asset sales drove the decrease in cash used in investing activities in 2009 versus 2008 .
increased capital investments and lower proceeds from asset sales drove the increase in cash used in investing activities in 2008 compared to 2007. .

Question: what was the percentage change in cash provided by operating activities from 2007 to 2008?
Answer: 24%
Calculation: subtract(4070, 3277), divide(#0, 3277)
Selected financial information from our consolidated balance sheets is as follows:
(1) During 2016, as a result of our then pending sale of a portion of our colocation business and data centers, we reclassified $1.1 billion in net property, plant and equipment and $1.1 billion of goodwill to assets held for sale which is included in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheet. See Note 3—Sale of Data Centers and Colocation Business to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of Part II of this report, for additional information.
(2) During 2019 and 2018, we recorded non-cash, non-tax-deductible goodwill impairment charges of $6.5 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively.
(3) In 2015, we adopted both ASU 2015-03 “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” and ASU 2015-17 “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes” by retrospectively applying the requirements of the ASUs to our previously issued consolidated financial statements.
(4) In 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02 “Leases (ASC 842)” by using the non-comparative transition option pursuant to ASU 2018-11. Therefore, we have not restated comparative period financial information for the effects of ASC 842.
(5) Total long-term debt includes current maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations of $305 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 associated with assets held for sale. For additional information on our total long-term debt, see Note 7— Long-Term Debt and Credit Facilities to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of Part II of this report. For total contractual obligations, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Future Contractual Obligations” in Item 7 of Part II of this report.
Table:
 |  |  | As of December 31, |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015
 |  |  | (Dollars in millions) |  | 
Net property, plant and equipment(1) | $26,079 | 26,408 | 26,852 | 17,039 | 18,069
Goodwill(1)(2) | 21,534 | 28,031 | 30,475 | 19,650 | 20,742
Total assets(3)(4) | 64,742 | 70,256 | 75,611 | 47,017 | 47,604
Total long-term debt(3)(5) | 34,694 | 36,061 | 37,726 | 19,993 | 20,225
Total stockholders’ equity | 13,470 | 19,828 | 23,491 | 13,399 | 14,060


Question: How many years was the total stockholders' equity above $14,000 million?
Answer: 3
Calculation: 2018##2017##2015
Presentation of Derivative Gains (Losses) for Economic Hedges of Forecasted Cash Flows in Segment Results
Derivatives used to manage commodity price risk and foreign currency risk are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. We believe these derivatives provide economic hedges of certain forecasted transactions. As such, these derivatives are recognized at fair market value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in general corporate expenses. The gains and losses are subsequently recognized in the operating results of the reporting segments in the period in which the underlying transaction being economically hedged is included in earnings. In the event that management determines a particular derivative entered into as an economic hedge of a forecasted commodity purchase has ceased to function as an economic hedge, we cease recognizing further gains and losses on such derivatives in corporate expense and begin recognizing such gains and losses within segment operating results, immediately.
The following table presents the net derivative gains (losses) from economic hedges of forecasted commodity consumption and the foreign currency risk of certain forecasted transactions, under this methodology:
As of May 26, 2019, the cumulative amount of net derivative gains from economic hedges that had been recognized in general corporate expenses and not yet allocated to reporting segments was $1.4 million. This amount reflected net gains of $1.0 million incurred during the fiscal year ended May 26, 2019, as well as net gains of $0.4 million incurred prior to fiscal 2019. Based on our forecasts of the timing of recognition of the underlying hedged items, we expect to reclassify to segment operating results gains of $0.9 million in fiscal 2020 and $0.5 million in fiscal 2021 and thereafter.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued) Fiscal Years Ended May 26, 2019, May 27, 2018, and May 28, 2017 (columnar dollars in millions except per share amounts)
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net derivative gains (losses) incurred | $(3.6) | $(0.9) | $0.6
Less: Net derivative gains (losses) allocated to reporting segments | (1.8) | (7.1) | 5.7
Net derivative gains (losses) recognized in general corporate expenses | $(1.8) | $6.2 | $(5.1)
Net derivative gains (losses) allocated to Grocery & Snacks | $(2.1) | $0.2 | $3.4
Net derivative gains (losses) allocated to Refrigerated & Frozen | (1.1) | (0.3) | 0.8
Net derivative gains (losses) allocated to International | 2.8 | (6.9) | 1.6
Net derivative losses allocated to Foodservice | (0.6) | (0.1) | —
Net derivative losses allocated to Pinnacle Foods | (0.8) | — | —
Net derivative losses allocated to Commercial | — | — | (0.1)
Net derivative gains (losses) included in segment operating profit | $(1.8) | $(7.1) | $5.7


Question: What is the use of derivatives?
Answer: manage commodity price risk
(D.6) Non-Current Assets by Region
The table below shows non-current assets excluding financial instruments, deferred tax assets, post-employment benefit assets, and rights arising under insurance contracts.
Non-Current Assets by Region
For a breakdown of our employee headcount by region, see Note (B.1) , and for a breakdown of revenue by region, see Note (A.1) .
Table:
€ millions | 2019 | 2018
Germany | 4,486 | 4,184
Rest of EMEA | 5,386 | 4,742
EMEA | 9,872 | 8,926
United States | 29,744 | 22,133
Rest of Americas | 411 | 258
Americas | 30,154 | 22,391
APJ | 1,276 | 922
SAP Group | 41,302 | 32,239


Question: What was the percentage change in the amount in Rest of Americas in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 59.3
Calculation: (411-258)/258
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in millions):
As of July 27, 2019, $1.7 billion of the unrecognized tax benefits would affect the effective tax rate if realized. During fiscal 2019, we recognized $30 million of net interest expense and $6 million of penalty expense. During fiscal 2018, we recognized $10 million of net interest expense and no net penalty expense. During fiscal 2017, we recognized $26 million of net interest expense and a $4 million reduction in penalties. Our total accrual for interest and penalties was $220 million, $180 million, and $186 million as of the end of fiscal 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax audit for returns covering tax years through fiscal 2010. We are no longer subject to foreign or state income tax audits for returns covering tax years through fiscal 1999 and fiscal 2008, respectively.
We regularly engage in discussions and negotiations with tax authorities regarding tax matters in various jurisdictions. We believe it is reasonably possible that certain federal, foreign, and state tax matters may be concluded in the next 12 months. Specific positions that may be resolved include issues involving transfer pricing and various other matters. We estimate that the unrecognized tax benefits at July 27, 2019 could be reduced by $50 million in the next 12 months.
Table:
Years Ended | July 27, 2019 | July 28, 2018 | July 29, 2017
Beginning balance | $2,000 | $1,973 | $1,627
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | 185 | 251 | 336
Additions for tax positions of prior years | 84 | 84 | 180
Reductions for tax positions of prior years . | (283) | (129) | (78)
Settlements | (38) | (124) | (43)
Lapse of statute of limitations . | (23) | (55) | (49)
Ending balance . | $ 1,925 | $ 2,000 | $ 1,973


Question: What was the change in the Additions based on tax positions related to the current year between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: -85
Calculation: 251-336
During fiscal year 2019, the following activity occurred under our stock plans:
(a) Includes 2 million, 3 million, and 2 million of PSUs granted at target and performance adjustments above target levels for fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.
As of June 30, 2019, there was approximately $8.6 billion of total unrecognized compensation costs related to stock awards. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3 years. The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock awards granted was $107.02, $75.88, and $55.64 for fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. The fair value of stock awards vested was $8.7 billion, $6.6 billion, and $4.8 billion, for fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.
Table:
 | Shares | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
(In millions) |  | 
Stock Awards |  | 
Nonvested balance, beginning of year | 174 | $  57.85
Granted (a) | 63 | 107.02
Vested | (77) | 57.08
Forfeited | (13) | 69.35
Nonvested balance, end of year | 147 | $ 78.49


Question: What was the average fair value of stock awards vested over the 3 year period from 2017 to 2019?
Answer: 6.7
Calculation: (8.7+6.6+4.8)/3
Other Contractual Obligations
Our other contractual obligations include finance lease obligations (including interest portion), facility leases, leases of certain computer and other equipment, agreements to purchase data and telecommunication services, the payment of principal and interest on debt and pension fund obligations.
At December 31, 2019, the minimum annual payments under these agreements and other contracts that had initial or remaining non-cancelable terms in excess of one year are as listed in the following table. Due to the uncertainty with respect to the timing of future cash flows associated with our unrecognized tax positions at December 31, 2019, we are unable to make reasonably reliable estimates of the timing of any potential cash settlements with the respective taxing authorities. Therefore, $189 million in uncertain tax positions (which includes interest and penalties of $25 million) have been excluded from the contractual obligations table below. See Note 15 – “Income Taxes” – to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion on income taxes.
(a) Our short-term and long-term debt obligations are described in Note 12 – “Long-Term Debt and Other Financing Arrangements” and our short-term and long-term finance lease obligations are described in Note 5 “Leases”,– to our consolidated financial statements.
(b) Our operating lease obligations are described in Note 17 – “Commitments and Contingencies” – to our consolidated financial statements.
Table:
 | Payments due by period |  |  |  |  |  | 
(IN MILLIONS) | Total | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | Thereafter
Finance lease obligations(a) | $162 | $61 | $42 | $29 | $15 | $7 | $8
Operating leases(b) | 574 | 136 | 99 | 75 | 53 | 40 | 171
Other contractual obligations(c) | 1,639 | 627 | 295 | 203 | 190 | 185 | 139
Long-term debt, including current portion(a) | 8,164 | 854 | 702 | 2,399 | 3,710 | — | 499
Interest(d) | 1,038 | 354 | 315 | 216 | 115 | 25 | 13
Pension fund obligations(e) | 28 | 28 | — | — | — | — | —
Total | $11,605 | $2,060 | $1,453 | $2,922 | $4,083 | $257 | $830


Question: What is the percentage of total pension fund obligations in the total amount of payments due?
Answer: 0.24
Calculation: 28/11,605
NAVIOS MARITIME HOLDINGS INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars — except share data)
NOTE 19: SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company through August 30, 2019 had three reportable segments from which it derived its revenues: Dry Bulk Vessel Operations, Logistics Business and Containers Business. The Containers Business became a reportable segment as a result of the consolidation of Navios Containers since November 30, 2018 (date of obtaining control) (see also Note 3). Following the reclassification of the results of Navios Containers as discontinued operations (see also Note 3), the Company currently has two reportable segments from which it derives its revenues: Dry Bulk Vessel Operations and Logistics. The reportable segments reflect the internal organization of the Company and are strategic businesses that offer different products and services. The Dry Bulk Vessel Operations consists of the transportation and handling of bulk cargoes through the ownership, operation, and trading of vessels. The Logistics Business consists of operating ports and transfer station terminals, handling of vessels, barges and pushboats as well as upriver transport facilities in the Hidrovia region.
The Company measures segment performance based on net income/ (loss) attributable to Navios Holdings common stockholders. Inter-segment sales and transfers are not significant and have been eliminated and are not included in the following tables. Summarized financial information concerning each of the Company’s reportable segments is as follows:
Table:
 | Dry Bulk Vessel Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 | Logistics Business for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 | Total for the Year Ended December 31, 2019
Revenue | $254,178 | $228,271 | $482,449
Administrative fee revenue from affiliates | 16,991 | — | 16,991
Interest income | 9,610 | 1,052 | 10,662
Interest expense and finance cost | (92,948) | (40,531) | (133,479)
Depreciation and amortization | (52,288) | (29,435) | (81,723)
Equity in net (losses)/earnings of affiliated companies | (9,185) | — | (9,185)
Net (loss)/ income attributable to Navios Holdings common |  |  | 
stockholders | (212,623) | 20,513 | (192,110)
Total assets | 1,511,517 | 631,338 | 2,142,855
Goodwill | 56,240 | 104,096 | 160,336
Capital expenditures | (36,628) | (7,943) | (44,571)
Investment in affiliates | 64,352 | — | 64,352
Cash and cash equivalents | 32,386 | 45,605 | 77,991
Restricted cash | 736 | — | 736
Long-term debt, net (including current and noncurrent portion) | $1,048,318 | $514,929 | 1,563,247


Question: What was the revenue for logistics business for the year?
Answer: 228,271
NantHealth, Inc
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
(1) Cash and cash equivalents included restricted cash of $1,136, $1,136, and $350 at December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 included in other assets, respectively. Restricted cash consists of funds that are contractually restricted as to usage or withdrawal related to the Company's security deposits in the form of standby letters of credit for leased facilities. No amounts have been drawn upon the letters of credit as of December 31, 2019.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
Table:
Year Ended December 31, |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |  | 
Income taxes paid | $318 | $15
Interest paid | $5,909 | $5,885
Interest received | — | 13
Noncash investing and financing activities |  | 
Purchases of property and equipment (including internal use software) | 1,068 | 529
Assignment of NantHealth Labs (see Note 20) | — | 8,956


Question: What are the respective restricted cash included in the cash and cash equivalents in 2019 and 2017 respectively?
Answer: $1,136, $350
Financial position and cash flow
Capital expenditure and cash flow
Net operating cash inflow was $4,709,000, which was $4,081,000 lower than last year. The reduction in operating revenue was offset by lower operational costs. However, net cash was impacted by the increase in trail to upfront revenue mix. In addition, as a result of the loss position reported for FY18, the Group received a net tax refund of $2,327,000 during the year, compared to the prior year net tax paid of $172,000.
Net investing cash outflows for the year was $12,337,000. The $7,755,000 decrease in spend in investing activities relates to the Group’s controlling interest acquisition of iMoney in December 2017.
Net financing cash outflows for the 2019 year totalled $3,471,000. This included $2,839,000 lease payments and $497,000 interest expense related to leases. The material decrease against the prior year comparative period relates to $32,918,000 paid in share buy-backs and dividends in the prior period.
Table:
CASH FLOW SUMMARY | 2019 $’000 | 2018 $’000 RESTATED | CHANGE
Net cash provided  from operating  activities | 4,709 | 8,790 | 46%
Net cash used in  investing activities | (12,337) | (20,092) | (39%)
Net cash used in financing activities | (3,471) | (36,014) | (90%)
Net change in cash and cash equivalent | (11,099) | (47,316) | (77%)


Question: What is the change in Net cash used in financing activities from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 32543
Calculation: (3,471)-(36,014)
Interest and Other Income (Loss), Net
Interest Income (Expense), Net The following table summarizes interest income and interest expense (in millions):
Interest income decreased, driven by a decrease in the average balance of cash and available-for-sale debt investments. The decrease in interest expense was driven by a lower average debt balance, partially offset by the impact of higher effective interest rates.
Table:
 |  | Years Ended |  | 2019 vs. 2018
 | July 27, 2019 | July 28, 2018 | July 29, 2017 | Variance in Dollars
Interest income | $1,308 | $1,508 | $1,338 | $(200)
Interest expense | (859) | (943) | (861) | 84
Interest income (expense), net | $449 | $565 | $477 | $(116)


Question: Which years does the table provide information for interest income and interest expense?
Answer: 2019, 2018, 2017
The Systems gross profit margin decrease year to year was driven by the mix away from IBM Z and margin declines in Power Systems and Storage Systems.
The pre-tax income decline was driven by the strong performance in IBM Z in the prior year and the continued investment in innovation across the Systems portfolio.
Table:
($ in millions) |  |  | 
For the year ended December 31: | 2018 | 2017 | Yr.-to-Yr. Percent/ Margin Change
Systems |  |  | 
External Systems Hardware gross profit | $2,590 | $2,893 | (10.5)%
External Systems Hardware gross profit margin | 40.7% | 44.6% | (3.8)pts
External Operating Systems Software gross profit | $1,412 | $1,469 | (3.9)%
External Operating Systems Software gross profit margin | 84.5% | 86.4% | (1.9)pts.
External total gross profit | $4,002 | $4,362 | (8.2)%
External total gross profit margin | 49.8% | 53.2% | (3.4)pts.
Pre-tax income | $ 904 | $1,128 | (19.9)%
Pre-tax margin | 10.2% | 12.6% | (2.4)pts.


Question: What is the increase/ (decrease) in External Systems Hardware gross profit from 2017 to 2018
Answer: -303
Calculation: 2,590-2,893
Concentrations
The Company may be subject to concentration of credit risk as a result of certain financial instruments consisting of accounts receivable and short term investments. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral in exchange for credit.
The following table sets forth major customers accounting for 10% or more of the Company’s net revenue:
Table:
 | Year Ended |  | 
 | June 30,
2019 | June 30,
2018 | June 30, 2017
Tech Data Corporation | 18% | 14% | 16%
Jenne Corporation | 17% | 13% | 15%
Westcon Group Inc. | 12% | 13% | 12%


Question: Why does the company not require collateral in exchange for credit generally?
Answer: The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers
The fair value of options granted in the respective fiscal years are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes optionpricing model, acceptable under ASC 718, with the following weighted average assumptions:
Expected volatilities are based on the Company’s historical common stock volatility, derived from historical stock price data for periods commensurate with the options’ expected life. The expected life of options granted represents the period of time options are expected to be outstanding, based primarily on historical employee option exercise behavior. The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds issued with a term equal to the expected life at the date of grant of the options. The expected dividend yield is zero, as the Company has historically paid no dividends and does not anticipate dividends to be paid in the future.
Table:
 | Years Ended December 31, | 
 | 2018 | 2017
Expected life (years) | 5.6 | 5.6
Risk-free interest rate | 2.7% | 1.9%
Expected volatility | 26.4% | 29.4%
Expected dividend yield | — | —


Question: What was risk-free interest rate in 2017 as a percentage of risk-free interest rate in 2018?
Answer: 70.37
Calculation: 1.9/2.7
Note 12. Liabilities
The components of accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
Table:
 | December 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018
Accounts payable | $32,878 | $20,214
Accrued expenses | 10,092 | 34,557
Subsidiary unit awards | 141 | 200
Other current liabilities | 5,616 | 3,459
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $48,727 | $58,430


Question: What was the percentage change between accounts payable in 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 62.65
Calculation: (32,878-20,214)/20,214