hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
OPERATING EXPENSES
(1) Fiscal 2019 average foreign exchange rate used for translation was 1.3255 USD/CDN.
(2) Fiscal 2018 was restated to comply with IFRS 15 and to reflect a change in accounting policy as well as to reclassify results from Cogeco Peer 1 as discontinued
operations. For further details, please consult the "Accounting policies" and "Discontinued operations" sections.
(3) Fiscal 2019 actuals are translated at the average foreign exchange rate of fiscal 2018 which was 1.2773 USD/CDN.
Fiscal 2019 operating expenses increased by 7.3% (5.4% in constant currency) mainly from:
• growth in the American broadband services segment mainly due to the impact of the MetroCast acquisition which was included in operating expenses for only an eight-month period in the prior year combined with higher programming costs, additional headcount to support growth, higher marketing initiatives to drive primary service units growth and the FiberLight acquisition; and
• additional costs in Inter-segment eliminations and other resulting from the timing of corporate projects and initiatives; partly offset by
• lower operating expenses in the Canadian broadband services segment mainly attributable to lower programming costs resulting from a lower level of primary service units and lower compensation expenses resulting from an operational optimization program implemented in the first half of fiscal 2019, partly offset by higher marketing initiatives, additional headcount costs in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 to support the stabilization phase of the new customer management system as well as retroactive costs related to higher rates than expected established by the Copyright Board of Canada.
For further details on the Corporation’s operating expenses, please refer to the "Segmented operating and financial results" section.
Table:
Years ended August 31, | 2019 (1) | 2018 (2) | Change | Change in constant currency (3) | Foreign exchange impact (3)
(in thousands of dollars, except percentages) | $ | $ | % | % | $
Canadian broadband services | 606,286 | 618,886 | (2.0) | (2.2) | 1,102
American broadband services | 571,208 | 478,172 | 19.5 | 15.2 | 20,522
Inter-segment eliminations and other | 26,486 | 24,567 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 12
 | 1,203,980 | 1,121,625 | 7.3 | 5.4 | 21,636


Question: What was the exchange rate in 2019?
Answer: 1.3255 USD/CDN.
AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Tabular amounts in millions, unless otherwise disclosed) net foreign currency losses
(“AOCL”) in the consolidated balance sheets and included as a component of Comprehensive income in the consolidated
statements of comprehensive income.
Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are reflected in Other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. However, the effect from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on intercompany debt for which repayment is not anticipated in the foreseeable future is reflected in AOCL in the consolidated balance sheets and included as a component of Comprehensive income.
The Company recorded the following net foreign currency losses:
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Foreign currency losses recorded in AOCL | $45.8 | $385.8 | $51.6
Foreign currency (gains) losses recorded in Other expense | (6.1) | 4.5 | (26.4)
Total foreign currency losses | $39.7 | $390.3 | $25.2


Question: What was the total percentage change in Total foreign currency losses between 2017 and 2019?
Answer: 57.54
Calculation: ($39.7-$25.2)/$25.2
At March 31, 2019, the Company had $7.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits. A reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows (amounts in thousands):
At March 31, 2019, $1.9 million of the $7.7 million of unrecognized income tax benefits would affect the Company’s effective income tax rate, if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the total unrecognized tax benefit could decrease by $1.0 million in fiscal year 2020 if the advanced pricing arrangement for one of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is agreed to by the foreign tax authority and an ongoing audit in one of the Company’s foreign jurisdictions is settled.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. and multiple foreign jurisdictions, including various state and local jurisdictions. The U.S. Internal Revenue Service concluded its examinations of the Company’s U.S. federal tax returns for all tax years through 2003. Because of net operating losses, the Company’s U.S. federal returns for 2003 and later years will remain subject to examination until the losses are utilized. The Company is subject to income tax examinations in various foreign and U.S. state jurisdictions for the years 2014 and forward. The Company records potential interest and penalty expenses related to unrecognized income tax benefits within its global operations in income tax expense. The Company had $0.5 million and $0.9 million of accrued interest and penalties respectively at March 31, 2019 and 2018, which are included as a component of income tax expense. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax provision.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal Years Ended March 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning of fiscal year | $8,680 | $7,390 | $7,103
Additions from business combinations | — | 1,270 | —
Additions for tax positions of the current year | 2,027 | 1,078 | 762
Additions for tax positions of prior years | 519 | — | —
Reductions for tax positions of prior years | (633) | (1,058) | (64)
Lapse in statute of limitations | (9) | — | (411)
Settlements | (2,923) | — | —
End of fiscal year | $7,661 | $8,680 | $7,390


Question: What was the Lapse in statute of limitations in 2017?
Answer: (411)
NOTE 14-INFORMATION CONCERNING PRODUCT LINES, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION, ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND REVENUE CONCENTRATION
The Company identifies its business segments based on business activities, management responsibility and geographic location. For all periods presented, the Company operated in a single reportable business segment.
The following is a breakdown of revenue by product family (in thousands):
(1) New products include all products manufactured on 180 nanometer or smaller semiconductor processes, eFPGA IP license, QuickAI and SensiML AI software as a service (SaaS) revenues. Mature products include all products produced on semiconductor processes larger than 180 nanometer.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal Years | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Revenue by product line (1) : |  |  | 
New products | $3,123 | $5,735 | $5,853
Mature products | 7,187 | 6,894 | 6,296
Total revenue | $10,310 | $12,629 | $12,149


Question: What are the respective revenue from mature products in 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 6,894, 7,187
If not presented separately in our income statement, restructuring expenses would have been classified in the different expense items in our income statement as follows:
Restructuring Expenses by Functional Area
Table:
€ millions | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Cost of cloud and software | –138 | –3 | –55
Cost of services | –154 | –3 | –118
Research and development | –467 | –3 | –9
Sales and marketing | –299 | –11 | –2
General and administration | –71 | 0 | 2
Restructuring expenses | –1,130 | –19 | –182


Question: What was the Cost of services in 2019?
Answer: –154
(a) EBITDA is calculated as operating profit less interest income and other gains/losses, net and adding back depreciation of property, plant and equipment, investment properties as well as right-of-use assets, and amortisation of intangible assets. Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as EBITDA plus equity-settled share-based compensation expenses.
(b) Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by revenues.
(c) Net debt represents period end balance and is calculated as cash and cash equivalents, plus term deposits and others, minus borrowings and notes payable.
(d) Capital expenditures consist of additions (excluding business combinations) to property, plant and equipment, construction in progress, investment properties, land use rights and intangible assets (excluding video and music contents, game licences and other contents).
Table:
 | Unaudited |  |  |  | 
 | Three months ended |  |  | Year ended | 
 | 31 December | 30 September | 31 December | 31 December | 31 December
 | 2019 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018
 | (RMB in millions, unless specified) |  |  |  | 
EBITDA (a) | 35,675 | 35,378 | 27,180 | 137,268 | 110,404
Adjusted EBITDA (a) | 38,572 | 38,123 | 29,701 | 147,395 | 118,273
Adjusted EBITDA margin (b) | 36% | 39% | 35% | 39% | 38%
Interest and related expenses | 2,348 | 2,086 | 1,345 | 7,690 | 4,898
Net debt (c) | (15,552) | (7,173) | (12,170) | (15,552) | (12,170)
Capital expenditures (d) | 16,869 | 6,632 | 4,564 | 32,369 | 23,941


Question: How is the adjusted EBITDA margin calculated?
Answer: Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by revenues.
note 9 2014 benefit plans the company has defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees in the united states and certain international locations . postretirement healthcare and life insurance benefits provided to qualifying domestic retirees as well as other postretirement benefit plans in international countries are not material . the measurement date used for the company 2019s employee benefit plans is september 30 . effective january 1 , 2018 , the legacy u.s . pension plan was frozen to limit the participation of employees who are hired or re-hired by the company , or who transfer employment to the company , on or after january 1 , net pension cost for the years ended september 30 included the following components: .

Table:
( millions of dollars ) | pension plans 2019 | pension plans 2018 | pension plans 2017
service cost | $ 134 | $ 136 | $ 110
interest cost | 107 | 90 | 61
expected return on plan assets | ( 180 ) | ( 154 ) | ( 112 )
amortization of prior service credit | ( 13 ) | ( 13 ) | ( 14 )
amortization of loss | 78 | 78 | 92
settlements | 10 | 2 | 2014
net pension cost | $ 135 | $ 137 | $ 138
net pension cost included in the preceding table that is attributable to international plans | $ 32 | $ 34 | $ 43
net pension cost included in the preceding table that is attributable to international plans $ 32 $ 34 $ 43 the amounts provided above for amortization of prior service credit and amortization of loss represent the reclassifications of prior service credits and net actuarial losses that were recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income ( loss ) in prior periods .
the settlement losses recorded in 2019 and 2018 primarily included lump sum benefit payments associated with the company 2019s u.s .
supplemental pension plan .
the company recognizes pension settlements when payments from the supplemental plan exceed the sum of service and interest cost components of net periodic pension cost associated with this plan for the fiscal year .
as further discussed in note 2 , upon adopting an accounting standard update on october 1 , 2018 , all components of the company 2019s net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs , aside from service cost , are recorded to other income ( expense ) , net on its consolidated statements of income , for all periods presented .
notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) becton , dickinson and company .

Question: what is the average net pension cost for 2017-2019 , in millions?
Answer: 136.67
Calculation: add(135, 137), add(#0, 138), divide(#1, const_3)
7. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES ALLOWANCES
Summarized below is the activity in our accounts receivable allowances including compensation credits and doubtful accounts as follows (in thousands):
The balances at the end of fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 are comprised primarily of compensation credits of $4.5 million, $6.3 million and $8.9 million, respectively.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal Year | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Balance - beginning of year | $6,795 | $9,410 | $3,279
Provision, net | 11,989 | 15,465 | 29,512
Charge-offs | (13,737) | (18,080) | (23,381)
Balance - end of year | $5,047 | 6,795 | 9,410


Question: What was the average Provision, net for 2017-2019?
Answer: 18988.67
Calculation: (11,989 + 15,465 + 29,512) / 3
(d) Product Warranties
The following table summarizes the activity related to the product warranty liability (in millions):
We accrue for warranty costs as part of our cost of sales based on associated material product costs, labor costs for technical support staff, and associated overhead. Our products are generally covered by a warranty for periods ranging from 90 days to five years, and for some products we provide a limited lifetime warranty.
Table:
 | July 27, 2019 | July 28, 2018 | July 29, 2017
Balance at beginning of fiscal year | $359 | $407 | $414
Provisions for warranties issued | 600 | 582 | 691
Adjustments for pre-existing warranties | (12) | (38) | (21)
Settlements | (603) | (592) | (677)
Acquisitions and divestitures | (2) | — | —
Balance at end of fiscal year | $342 | $359 | $407


Question: How many years did the Balance at beginning of fiscal year exceed $400 million?
Answer: 2
Calculation: 2018##2017
13 . pension and other postretirement benefit plans the company has defined benefit pension plans covering eligible employees in the united states and in certain of its international subsidiaries . as a result of plan design changes approved in 2011 , beginning on january 1 , 2013 , active participants in merck 2019s primary u.s . defined benefit pension plans are accruing pension benefits using new cash balance formulas based on age , service , pay and interest . however , during a transition period from january 1 , 2013 through december 31 , 2019 , participants will earn the greater of the benefit as calculated under the employee 2019s legacy final average pay formula or their new cash balance formula . for all years of service after december 31 , 2019 , participants will earn future benefits under only the cash balance formula . in addition , the company provides medical benefits , principally to its eligible u.s . retirees and their dependents , through its other postretirement benefit plans . the company uses december 31 as the year-end measurement date for all of its pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans . net periodic benefit cost the net periodic benefit cost for pension and other postretirement benefit plans consisted of the following components: .

Table:
years ended december 31 | pension benefits 2013 | pension benefits 2012 | pension benefits 2011 | pension benefits 2013 | pension benefits 2012 | 2011
service cost | $ 682 | $ 555 | $ 619 | $ 102 | $ 82 | $ 110
interest cost | 665 | 661 | 718 | 107 | 121 | 141
expected return on plan assets | -1097 ( 1097 ) | -970 ( 970 ) | -972 ( 972 ) | -126 ( 126 ) | -136 ( 136 ) | -142 ( 142 )
net amortization | 336 | 185 | 201 | -50 ( 50 ) | -35 ( 35 ) | -17 ( 17 )
termination benefits | 58 | 27 | 59 | 50 | 18 | 29
curtailments | -23 ( 23 ) | -10 ( 10 ) | -86 ( 86 ) | -11 ( 11 ) | -7 ( 7 ) | 1
settlements | 23 | 18 | 4 | 2014 | 2014 | 2014
net periodic benefit cost | $ 644 | $ 466 | $ 543 | $ 72 | $ 43 | $ 122
the increase in net periodic benefit cost for pension and other postretirement benefit plans in 2013 as compared with 2012 is largely attributable to a change in the discount rate .
the net periodic benefit cost attributable to u.s .
pension plans included in the above table was $ 348 million in 2013 , $ 268 million in 2012 and $ 406 million in in connection with restructuring actions ( see note 3 ) , termination charges were recorded in 2013 , 2012 and 2011 on pension and other postretirement benefit plans related to expanded eligibility for certain employees exiting merck .
also , in connection with these restructuring activities , curtailments were recorded in 2013 , 2012 and 2011 on pension and other postretirement benefit plans .
in addition , settlements were recorded in 2013 , 2012 and 2011 on certain domestic and international pension plans .
table of contents .

Question: what was the percentage change in the net amortization from 2012 to 2013
Answer: 81.6%
Calculation: subtract(336, 185), divide(#0, 185)
9. Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was enacted into law, which made changes to U.S. tax law, including, but not limited to: (1) reducing the U.S. Federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%; (2) requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries; (3) generally eliminating U.S. Federal corporate income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; (4) capitalizing R&D expenses which are amortized over five to 15 years; and (5) other changes to how foreign and domestic earnings are taxed.
The Tax Act includes a provision to tax global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) of foreign subsidiaries and a base erosion anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) measure that taxes certain payments between a U.S. corporation and its foreign subsidiaries. These provisions of the Tax Act were effective for the Company beginning August 1, 2018 and had no impact on the tax benefit for the year ended July 31, 2019.
Under U.S. GAAP, the Company can make an accounting policy election to either treat taxes due on the GILTI inclusion as a current period expense or factor such amounts into its measurement of deferred taxes. The Company has elected the current period expense method. The Company has finalized its assessment of the transitional impacts of the Tax Act.
In December 2018, the IRS issued proposed regulations related to the BEAT tax, which the Company is in the process of evaluating. If the proposed BEAT regulations are finalized in their current form, the impact may be material to the tax provision in the quarter of enactment.
The U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), and other standard-setting bodies will continue to interpret or issue guidance on how provisions of the Tax Act will be applied or otherwise administered. The Company continues to obtain, analyze, and interpret guidance as it is issued and will revise its estimates as additional information becomes available.
Any legislative changes, including any other new or proposed U.S. Department of the Treasury regulations that have yet to be issued, may result in income tax adjustments, which could be material to our provision for income taxes and effective tax rate in the period any such changes are enacted. The Company’s income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended July 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
Table:
 |  | Fiscal years ended July 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Domestic | $(1,778) | $(13,501) | $21,723
International | 14,230 | 5,225 | 6,803
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes | $12,452 | $(8,276) | $28,526


Question: What was the average Domestic income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes for 2019, 2018 and 2017?
Answer: 2148
Calculation: (-1,778 - 13,501 + 21,723) / 3
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
PRSU activity is summarized as follows (shares in thousands):
1 Assumes maximum achievement of the specified financial targets.
The weighted-average grant date fair value of PRSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 was $56.74, $40.53, and $41.73, respectively.
Unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested PRSUs was $16.9 million at December 31, 2019, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years.
Table:
 | Number of Shares | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested shares at December 31, 2018 | 1,924 | $40.81
Granted | 390 | 56.74
Forfeited | (562) | 41.29
Vested | — | —
Unvested shares at December 31, 2019 1 | 1,752 | $44.21


Question: What was the weighted-average grant date fair value of PRSUs granted in 2017?
Answer: $41.73
The carrying amounts and fair values of Teradyne’s financial instruments at December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
(1) The carrying value represents the bifurcated debt component only, while the fair value is based on quoted market prices for the convertible note which includes the equity conversion features.
The fair values of accounts receivable, net and accounts payable approximate the carrying amount due to the short term nature of these instruments.
Table:
 | December 31, 2019 |  | December 31, 2018 | 
 | Carrying Value | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Fair Value
 |  | (in thousands) |  | 
Assets |  |  |  | 
Cash and cash equivalents | $773,924 | $773,924 | $926,752 | $926,752
Marketable securities | 241,793 | 241,793 | 277,827 | 277,827
Derivative assets | 528 | 528 | 79 | 79
Liabilities |  |  |  | 
Contingent consideration | 39,705 | 39,705 | 70,543 | 70,543
Derivative liabilities | 203 | 203 | 514 | 514
Convertible debt (1) | 394,687 | 1,010,275 | 379,981 | 547,113


Question: What was the percentage change in the fair value of Marketable securities from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -12.97
Calculation: (241,793-277,827)/277,827
The Company has adopted five share option schemes, namely, the Pre-IPO Option Scheme, the Post-IPO Option Scheme I, the Post-IPO Option Scheme II, the Post-IPO Option Scheme III and the Post-IPO Option Scheme IV. The Pre-IPO Option Scheme, the Post-IPO Option Scheme I, the Post-IPO Option Scheme II and the Post-IPO Option Scheme III expired on 31 December 2011, 23 March 2014, 16 May 2017 and 13 May 2019 respectively.
As at 31 December 2019, there were a total of 20,722,380 outstanding share options granted to a director of the Company, details of which are as follows:
1. For options granted with exercisable date determined based on the grant date of options, the first 20% of the total options can be exercised 1 year after the grant date, and each 20% of the total options will become exercisable in each subsequent year.
2. For options granted with exercisable date determined based on the grant date of options, the first 25% of the total options can be exercised 1 year after the grant date, and each 25% of the total options will become exercisable in each subsequent year.
3. The closing price immediately before the date on which the options were granted on 4 April 2019 was HKD378.
4. No options were cancelled or lapsed during the year.
Table:
 |  |  | Number of share options |  |  |  | 
Name of director | Date of grant | As at 1 January 2019 | Granted during the year | Exercised during the year | As at 31 December 2019 | Exercise price | Exercise period
 |  |  |  |  |  | HKD | 
Lau Chi Ping Martin | 25 March 2014 | 5,000,000 | - | - | 5,000,000 | 114.52 | 25 March 2015 to 24 March 2021 (Note 2)
 | 21 March 2016 | 3,750,000 | - | - | 3,750,000 | 158.10 | 21 March 2017 to 20 March 2023 (Note 2)
 | 24 March 2017 | 5,250,000 | - | - | 5,250,000 | 225.44 | 24 March 2018 to 23 March 2024 (Note 2)
 | 9 April 2018 | 3,215,800 | - | - | 3,215,800 | 410.00 | 9 April 2019 to 8 April 2025 (Note 2)
 | 4 April 2019 | - | 3,506,580 (Note 3) | - | 3,506,580 | 376.00 | 4 April 2020 to 3 April 2026 (Note 2)
 | Total: | 17,215,800 | 3,506,580 | - | 20,722,380 |  | 


Question: How many percent of the total shares granted as at 1 January was the 9 April 2018 grant?
Answer: 18.68
Calculation: 3,215,800/17,215,800