hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Note 13 Contract costs
The table below provides a reconciliation of the contract costs balance.
Contract costs are amortized over a period ranging from 12 to 84 months.
Table:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 | 2019 | 2018
Opening balance, January 1 | 707 | 636
Incremental costs of obtaining a contract and contract fulfillment costs | 602 | 567
Amortization included in operating costs | (523) | (477)
Impairment charges included in operating costs | (3) | (19)
Ending balance, December 31 | 783 | 707


Question: What is the opening balance in 2019?
Answer: 707
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANS
ESP
The ESP is designed to encourage employees of BCE and its participating subsidiaries to own shares of BCE. Each year, employees can choose to have a certain percentage of their eligible annual earnings withheld through regular payroll deductions for the purchase of BCE common shares. In some cases, the employer also will contribute a percentage of the employee’s eligible annual earnings to the plan, up to a specified maximum. Dividends are credited to the participant’s account on each dividend payment date and are equivalent in value to the dividends paid on BCE common shares.
The ESP allows employees to contribute up to 12% of their annual earnings with a maximum employer contribution of 2%.
Employer contributions to the ESP and related dividends are subject to employees holding their shares for a two-year vesting period.
The trustee of the ESP buys BCE common shares for the participants on the open market, by private purchase or from treasury. BCE determines the method the trustee uses to buy the shares.
At December 31, 2019, 4,360,087 common shares were authorized for issuance from treasury under the ESP.
The following table summarizes the status of unvested employer contributions at December 31, 2019 and 2018.
(1) The weighted average fair value of the shares contributed was $60 in 2019 and $55 in 2018.
Table:
NUMBER OF ESP SHARES | 2019 | 2018
Unvested contributions, January 1 | 1,120,426 | 1,039,030
Contributions (1) | 623,705 | 671,911
Dividends credited | 57,083 | 56,926
Vested | (523,359) | (501,089)
Forfeited | (153,657) | (146,352)
Unvested contributions, December 31 | 1,124,198 | 1,120,426


Question: What was the number of  Unvested contributions, January 1 for 2019?
Answer: 1,120,426
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The following table summarizes the beneficial owners of more than 5% of the Company’s voting securities and the securities of the Company beneficially owned by the Company’s directors and officers as of April 27, 2020.
Table:
Name and address of Beneficial Owner | Amount of Beneficial Ownership | Percent of Beneficial Ownership
Garo H. Armen (1) | 4,741,323 (2) | 36%
Robert B. Stein (1) | 502,500 (3) | 4%
Khalil Barrage (1) | 380,000 (4) | 3%
Alexander K. Arrow (1) | 671,799 (5) | 6%
Larry N. Feinberg 808 North St., Greenwich, CT 06831 | 800,000 (6) | 7%
Brian J. Corvese (1) | 145,000 (7) | 1%
David A. Lovejoy | 668,037 (8) | 6%
Josh Silverman (1) | 140,000 (9) | 1%
Strategic Bio Partners LLC (10) 777 Third Avenue 30th Floor New York, NY 10017 | 1,895,945 (11) | 17%
All directors and executive officers as a group (6 persons) | 6,580,622 (12) | 44%


Question: What is the proportion of Josh Silverman's beneficial ownership as a percentage of Larry N. Feinberg's beneficial ownership?
Answer: 17.5
Calculation: 140,000/800,000
a. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Company recognized NT$118,252 million, NT$123,795 million and NT$122,999 million, respectively, in operating costs, of which NT$2,256 million, NT$1,698 million and NT$820 million in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively, were related to write-down of inventories.
b. None of the aforementioned inventories were pledged.
Table:
As of December 31, |  | 
 | 2018 | 2019
 | NT$ | NT$
 | (In Thousands) | (In Thousands)
Raw materials | $3,766,056 | $5,102,571
Supplies and spare parts | 3,133,737 | 3,548,376
Work in process | 10,034,488 | 11,309,718
Finished goods | 1,268,838 | 1,754,137
Total | $18,203,119 | $21,714,802


Question: What was the average Supplies and spare parts?
Answer: 3341056.5
Calculation: (3,133,737 + 3,548,376) / 2
Contractual Obligations
Our principal commitments consist of obligations for outstanding debt, leases for our office space, contractual commitments for professional service projects, and third-party consulting firms. The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
Table:
 |  |  | Payment Due by period |  | 
 | Total | Less than 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | More than 5 Years
Long-term debt obligations including interest | $334,500 | $17,250 | $317,250 | $— | $—
Operating lease obligations | 82,895 | 9,434 | 47,410 | 15,226 | 10,825
Software subscription and other contractual obligations | 18,726 | 12,371 | 6,355 | — | —
 | $436,121 | $39,055 | $371,015 | $15,226 | $10,825


Question: What is the percentage of the total obligations that consists of software subscription and other contractual obligations?
Answer: 4.29
Calculation: (18,726/436,121)
entergy new orleans , inc . management's financial discussion and analysis results of operations net income ( loss ) 2004 compared to 2003 net income increased $ 20.2 million primarily due to higher net revenue . 2003 compared to 2002 entergy new orleans had net income of $ 7.9 million in 2003 compared to a net loss in 2002 . the increase was due to higher net revenue and lower interest expense , partially offset by higher other operation and maintenance expenses and depreciation and amortization expenses . net revenue 2004 compared to 2003 net revenue , which is entergy new orleans' measure of gross margin , consists of operating revenues net of : 1 ) fuel , fuel-related , and purchased power expenses and 2 ) other regulatory credits . following is an analysis of the change in net revenue comparing 2004 to 2003. .

Table:
 | ( in millions )
2003 net revenue | $ 208.3
base rates | 10.6
volume/weather | 8.3
2004 deferrals | 7.5
price applied to unbilled electric sales | 3.7
other | 0.6
2004 net revenue | $ 239.0
the increase in base rates was effective june 2003 .
the rate increase is discussed in note 2 to the domestic utility companies and system energy financial statements .
the volume/weather variance is primarily due to increased billed electric usage of 162 gwh in the industrial service sector .
the increase was partially offset by milder weather in the residential and commercial sectors .
the 2004 deferrals variance is due to the deferral of voluntary severance plan and fossil plant maintenance expenses in accordance with a stipulation approved by the city council in august 2004 .
the stipulation allows for the recovery of these costs through amortization of a regulatory asset .
the voluntary severance plan and fossil plant maintenance expenses are being amortized over a five-year period that became effective january 2004 and january 2003 , respectively .
the formula rate plan is discussed in note 2 to the domestic utility companies and system energy financial statements .
the price applied to unbilled electric sales variance is due to an increase in the fuel price applied to unbilled sales. .

Question: what is the growth rate in net revenue for entergy new orleans , inc . in 2004?
Answer: 14.7%
Calculation: subtract(239.0, 208.3), divide(#0, 208.3)
14. INCOME TAXES
Our effective tax rates for each of the periods presented are the result of the mix of income earned in various tax jurisdictions that apply a broad range of income tax rates. The more significant provisions of the Tax Act as applicable to us are described in Note 1 above under “Impacts of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.” During fiscal 2019, we recorded a net benefit of $389 million in accordance with SAB 118 related to adjustments in our estimates of the one-time transition tax on certain foreign subsidiary earnings, and the remeasurement of our net deferred tax assets and liabilities affected by the Tax Act. Our provision for income taxes for fiscal 2019 varied from the 21% U.S. statutory rate imposed by the Tax Act primarily due to earnings in foreign operations, state taxes, the U.S. research and development tax credit, settlements with tax authorities, the tax effects of stock-based compensation, the Foreign Derived Intangible Income deduction, the tax effect of GILTI, and a reduction to our transition tax recorded consistent with the provision of SAB 118. Our provision for income taxes for fiscal 2018 varied from the 21% U.S. statutory rate imposed by the Tax Act primarily due to the impacts of the Tax Act upon adoption, state taxes, the U.S. research and development tax credit, settlements with tax authorities, the tax effects of stock-based compensation and the U.S. domestic production activity deduction. Prior to the January 1, 2018 effective date of the Tax Act, our provision for income taxes historically differed from the tax computed at the previous U.S. federal statutory income tax rate due primarily to certain earnings considered as indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations, state taxes, the U.S. research and development tax cr edit, settlements with tax authorities, the tax effects of stock-based compensation and the U.S. domestic production activity deduction.
The following is a geographical breakdown of income before the provision for income taxes:
Table:
 | Year Ended May 31 |  | 
(in millions) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Domestic | $3,774 | $3,366 | $3,674
Foreign | 8,494 | 9,058 | 8,006
Income before provision for income taxes | $12,268 | $12,424 | $11,680
 |  |  | 


Question: What was the company's domestic income for fiscal year 2018?
Answer: $3,366
Free Cash Flow. We define free cash flow ("FCF"), a non-GAAP financial measure, as cash flow provided by operations less capital expenditures. FCF was$ 24.7 million for fiscal 2019 compared to $4.0 million for fiscal 2018, an increase of $20.7 million.
Non-GAAP financial measures, including FCF, are used for internal management assessments because such measures provide additional insight to investors into ongoing financial performance. In particular, we provide FCF because we believe it offers insight into the metrics that are driving management decisions. We view FCF as an important financial metric as it demonstrates our ability to generate cash and can allow us to pursue opportunities that enhance shareholder value. FCF is a non-GAAP financial measure that should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, measures of our financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.
A reconciliation of FCF to our financial statements that were prepared using GAAP follows (in millions):
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Cash flows provided by operating activities | $115.3 | $66.8
Payments for property, plant and equipment | (90.6) | (62.8)
Free cash flow | 24.7 | 4.0


Question: How many years did cash flows provided by operating activities exceed $100 million?
Answer: 1
Calculation: 2019
ASSUMPTIONS USED IN STOCK OPTION PRICING MODEL
The fair value of options granted was determined using a variation of a binomial option pricing model that takes into account factors specific to the share incentive plans, such as the vesting period. The following table shows the principal assumptions used in the valuation.
Expected dividend growth is commensurate with BCE’s dividend growth strategy. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of BCE’s share price. The risk-free rate used is equal to the yield available on Government of Canada bonds at the date of grant with a term equal to the expected life of the options
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Weighted average fair value per option granted | $2.34 | $2.13
Weighted average share price | $58 | $57
Weighted average exercise price | $58 | $56
Expected dividend growth | 5% | 5%
Expected volatility | 14% | 12%
Risk-free interest rate | 2% | 2%
Expected life (years) | 4 | 4


Question: How is the fair value of options granted determined?
Answer: using a variation of a binomial option pricing model that takes into account factors specific to the share incentive plans, such as the vesting period
(D.6) Non-Current Assets by Region
The table below shows non-current assets excluding financial instruments, deferred tax assets, post-employment benefit assets, and rights arising under insurance contracts.
Non-Current Assets by Region
For a breakdown of our employee headcount by region, see Note (B.1) , and for a breakdown of revenue by region, see Note (A.1) .
Table:
€ millions | 2019 | 2018
Germany | 4,486 | 4,184
Rest of EMEA | 5,386 | 4,742
EMEA | 9,872 | 8,926
United States | 29,744 | 22,133
Rest of Americas | 411 | 258
Americas | 30,154 | 22,391
APJ | 1,276 | 922
SAP Group | 41,302 | 32,239


Question: What was the amount of non-current assets in APJ in 2019?
Answer: 1,276
14. Income Taxes
Income before income taxes is as follows (in millions):
Table:
 |  | Year Ended | 
 | April 26, 2019 | April 27, 2018 | April 28, 2017
Domestic | $ 678 | $ 589 | $ 166
Foreign | 590 | 610 | 455
Total | $ 1,268 | $ 1,199 | $ 621


Question: What was the change in foreign income before income taxes between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 155
Calculation: 610-455
The funded status of the plans was as follows:
(in thousands)
Table:
 | Years Ended March 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Fair value of plan assets | $90,365 | $84,718
Less: projected benefit obligations | 143,662 | 128,915
Underfunded status | $(53,297) | $(44,197)


Question: What is the percentage increase of projected benefit obligations in 2019 compared to 2018?
Answer: 11.44
Calculation: ($143,662 - $128,915) / $128,915
ADJUSTED EBITDA
(1) For the three-month period ended August 31, 2019, the average foreign exchange rate used for translation was 1.3222 USD/CDN.
(2) Fiscal 2018 was restated to comply with IFRS 15 and to reflect a change in accounting policy as well as to reclassify results from Cogeco Peer 1 as discontinued operations. For further details, please consult the "Accounting policies" and "Discontinued operations" sections.
(3) Fiscal 2019 actuals are translated at the average foreign exchange rate of the comparable period of fiscal 2018 which was 1.3100 USD/CDN.
Fiscal 2019 fourth-quarter adjusted EBITDA increased by 4.6% (4.3% in constant currency) as a result of: • an increase in the American broadband services segment mainly as a result of strong organic growth combined with the impact of the FiberLight acquisition; and • an increase in the Canadian broadband services segment resulting mainly from a decline in operating expenses.
Table:
Three months ended August 31, | 2019 (1) | 2018 (2) | Change | Change in constant currency (3) | Foreign exchange impact (3)
(in thousands of dollars, except percentages) | $ | $ | % | % | $
Canadian broadband services | 172,120 | 166,181 | 3.6 | 3.6 | (73)
American broadband services | 115,523 | 109,937 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 1,057
Inter-segment eliminations and other | (12,033) | (12,707) | (5.3) | (5.3) | 2
 | 275,610 | 263,411 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 986


Question: What is the increase / (decrease) in the Canadian broadband services from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 5939
Calculation: 172,120 - 166,181
5.3.4 HOOQ's share options - equity-settled arrangement
In December 2015, HOOQ Digital Pte. Ltd. (“HOOQ”), a 65%-owned subsidiary of the Company, implemented the HOOQ Digital Employee Share Option Scheme (the “Scheme”). Selected employees (including executive directors) of HOOQ and/or its subsidiaries are granted options to purchase ordinary shares of HOOQ.
Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the ordinary shares of HOOQ on the date of grant, and are scheduled to be fully vested 4 years from the vesting commencement date.
Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the ordinary shares of HOOQ on the date of grant, and are scheduled to be fully vested 4 years from the vesting commencement date.
The grant dates, exercise prices and fair values of the share options were as follows –
The term of each option granted is 10 years from the date of grant.
The fair values for the share options granted were estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model.
From 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019, options in respect of an aggregate of 9.6 million of ordinary shares in HOOQ have been granted. As at 31 March 2019, options in respect of an aggregate of 43.3 million of ordinary shares in HOOQ are outstanding.
Table:
Equity-settled | Exercise price | Fair Value at grant date
Date of grant | US$ | US$
16 May 2016 | 0.07 | 0.0445 to 0.0463
24 April 2017 | 0.07 | 0.0301 to 0.0315
2 May 2017 | 0.07 | 0.0292 to 0.0313
31 July 2017 | 0.07 | 0.0313 to 0.0315
8 September 2017 | 0.07 | 0.0296 to 0.0298
23 October 2017 | 0.07 | 0.0309 to 0.0320
10 January 2018 | 0.07 | 0.0316 to 0.0318
1 April 2018 | 0.07 | 0.0360 to 0.0366
1 July 2018 | 0.07 | 0.0368 to 0.0373
19 October 2018 | 0.07 | 0.0371 to 0.0374
31 January 2019 | 0.07 | 0.0367 to 0.0369


Question: As at 31 March 2017, options in respect of how many ordinary shares in HOOQ were outstanding? 
Answer: 33.7
Calculation: 43.3 - 9.6
Results of Continuing Operations
The following table sets forth certain operational data as a percentage of net sales for the fiscal years indicated:
Table:
 |  | Year Ended March 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net sales | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0%
Cost of sales | 45.2 | 39.2 | 48.4
Gross profit | 54.8 | 60.8 | 51.6
Research and development | 15.4 | 13.3 | 16.0
Selling, general and administrative | 12.8 | 11.4 | 14.7
Amortization of acquired intangible assets | 12.6 | 12.2 | 9.9
Special charges and other, net | 0.6 | 0.4 | 2.9
Operating income | 13.4% | 23.5% | 8.1%


Question: What was the percentage of cost of sales of net sales in 2019?
Answer: 45.2
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expenses in 2019 decreased by $7.6 million, or 32%, as compared to 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a reduction in the global sales support and marketing headcount, including reductions that were part of our restructuring activities during 2019 (refer to Note 4 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements), contributing to net decreases of $4.8 million in personnel-related costs, and $1.0 million in allocated facilities and information technology costs as compared to 2018. Restructuring costs in 2019 decreased $0.4 million, as there were additional restructuring activities in 2018, including a headcount reduction of approximately 13% of our workforce and the closure of certain leased facilities. The remaining decrease during 2019 was primarily the result of lower marketing costs of $0.6 million, as we eliminated or shifted the timing of certain of our marketing activities.
Table:
 | Years Ended December 31, |  | Change | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | $ | %
 | (dollars in thousands) |  |  | 
Sales and marketing | $15,836 | $23,425 | $(7,589) | (32)%
Percent of revenues, net | 32% | 40% |  | 


Question: What is the difference in the company's 2019 personnel-related costs as compared to 2018?
Answer: $4.8 million
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following selected consolidated financial data set forth below was derived from our historical audited consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, and other financial data included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our historical results of operations are not indicative of our future results of operations.
(2) Fiscal 2018 and 2017 have been adjusted for our retrospective adoption of the new accounting standard Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). Refer to Note 7 – Revenue of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details.
Table:
 | April 26, 2019 | April 27, 2018 (2) | April 28, 2017 (2) | April 29, 2016 | April 24, 2015
 |  |  |  | (In millions) | 
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments | $ 3,899 | $ 5,391 | $ 4,921 | $ 5,303 | $ 5,326
Working capital | $ 1,743 | $ 3,421 | $ 2,178 | $ 2,786 | $ 4,064
Total assets | $ 8,741 | $ 9,991 | $ 9,562 | $ 10,037 | $ 9,401
Total debt | $ 1,793 | $ 1,926 | $ 1,993 | $ 2,339 | $ 1,487
Total deferred revenue and financed unearned services revenue | $ 3,668 | $ 3,363 | $ 3,213 | $ 3,385 | $ 3,197
Total stockholders' equity | $ 1,090 | $ 2,276 | $ 2,949 | $ 2,881 | $ 3,414


Question: What was the working capital in 2019?
Answer: 1,743
In 2019 we recorded $5 million of impairment, restructuring charges and other related closure costs, mainly consisting of impairment of equipment and licenses dedicated exclusively to certain development projects that were cancelled, while no alternative future use was identified internally.
In 2018 we recorded $21 million of impairment, restructuring charges and other related closure costs, consisting of: (i) $19 million related to the set-top box restructuring plan and (ii) $2 million of impairment of acquired technologies, for which it was determined that they had no future alternative use.
In 2017 we recorded $45 million of impairment, restructuring charges and other related closure costs, primarily consisting of: (i) $34 million of net restructuring charges related to the set-top box restructuring plan; (ii) $13 million of restructuring charges related to the restructuring plan in Bouskoura, Morocco;
(iii) $3 million charge relating to the update of the existing unused lease provision and (iv) $5 million income for the reversal of provisions related to previously announced restructuring plans, mainly the Embedded Processing Solutions business restructuring plan, for which accrued provisions were not fully used at completion of the plan.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
 |  | (In millions) | 
Impairment, restructuring charges and other related closure costs | $(5) | $(21) | $(45)


Question: In 2019, what constituted Impairment, restructuring charges and other related closure costs?
Answer: mainly consisting of impairment of equipment and licenses dedicated exclusively to certain development projects that were cancelled, while no alternative future use was identified internally.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in millions):
Contract Assets
A contract asset represents our expectation of receiving consideration in exchange for products or services that we have transferred to our client. Contract assets and liabilities, or deferred revenues, are determined and presented on a net basis at the contract level since the rights and obligations in a contract with a client are interdependent. In contrast, a receivable is our right to consideration that is unconditional except for the passage of time required before payment of that consideration is due. The difference in timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, contract assets and deferred revenues from client advances and deposits. We account for receivables in accordance with ASC Topic 310, Receivables (“ASC 310”), and assess both contract assets and receivables for impairment in accordance with ASC 310. There were no impairment charges related to contract assets for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
Our short-term contract assets are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our long-term contract assets are included in Other non-current assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 11 — Other Non-Current Assets.
Table:
 | December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Prepaid expenses | $37.1 | $43.9
Contract assets | 19.5 | 14.8
Other current assets | 8.2 | 8.6
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $64.8 | $67.3


Question: What were the prepaid expenses in 2018?
Answer: 43.9