hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Our product categories are:
Drinkable Kefir, sold in a variety of organic and non-organic sizes, flavors, and types, including low fat, non-fat, whole milk, protein, and BioKefir (a 3.5 oz. kefir with additional probiotic cultures).
European-style soft cheeses, including farmer cheese in resealable cups.
Cream and other, which consists primarily of cream, a byproduct of making our kefir.
ProBugs, a line of kefir products designed for children.
Other Dairy, which includes Cupped Kefir and Icelandic Skyr, a line of strained kefir and yogurt products in resealable cups.
Frozen Kefir, available in soft serve and pint-size containers.
Lifeway has determined that it has one reportable segment based on how our chief operating decision maker manages the business and in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing our performance, has been identified collectively as the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Executive Officer, and Chairperson of the board of directors. Substantially all of our consolidated revenues relate to the sale of cultured dairy products that we produce using the same processes and materials and are sold to consumers through a common network of distributors and retailers in the United States.
Net sales of products by category were as follows for the years ended December 31:
(a) Includes Lifeway Kefir Shop sales
Significant Customers – Sales are predominately to companies in the retail food industry located within the United States. Two major customers accounted for approximately 22% and 21% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Two major customers accounted for approximately 17% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. Our ten largest customers as a group accounted for approximately 57% and 59% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Table:
 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
In thousands | $ | % | $ | %
Drinkable Kefir other than ProBugs | $ 71,822 | 77% | $ 78,523 | 76%
Cheese | 11,459 | 12% | 11,486 | 11%
Cream and other | 4,228 | 4% | 5,276 | 5%
ProBugs Kefir | 2,780 | 3% | 2,795 | 3%
Other dairy | 1,756 | 2% | 3,836 | 4%
Frozen Kefir (a) | 1,617 | 2% | 1,434 | 1%
Net Sales | $ 93,662 | 100% | $ 103,350 | 100%


Question: What is the percentage change in net sales from Frozen Kefir between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 12.76
Calculation: (1,617-1,434)/1,434
b) Liquefaction services revenue:
The Hilli is moored in close proximity to the Customer’s gasfields, providing liquefaction service capacity over the term of the LTA. Liquefaction services revenue recognized comprises the following amounts:
(1) The LTA bills at a base rate in periods when the oil price is $60 or less per barrel (included in "Liquefaction services revenue" in the consolidated statements of income), and at an increased rate when the oil price is greater than $60 per barrel (recognized as a derivative and included in "Realized and unrealized gain on oil derivative instrument" in the consolidated statements of income, excluded from revenue and from the transaction price).
(2) Customer billing during the commissioning period, prior to vessel acceptance and commencement of the contract term, of $33.8 million is considered an upfront payment for services. These amounts billed were deferred (included in "Other current liabilities" and "Other non-current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets) and recognized as part of "Liquefaction services revenue" in the consolidated statements of income evenly over the contract term.
(3) The Day 1 gain was established when the oil derivative instrument was initially recognized in December 2017 for $79.6 million (recognized in "Other current liabilities" and "Other non-current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets). This amount is amortized and recognized as part of "Liquefaction services revenue" in the consolidated statements of income evenly over the contract term.
We expect to recognize liquefaction services revenue related to the partially unsatisfied performance obligation at the reporting date evenly over the remaining contract term of less than eight years, including the components of transaction price described above.
Table:
 | Year Ended December 31, | 
(in thousands of $) | 2019 | 2018
Base tolling fee (1) | 204,501 | 119,677
Amortization of deferred commissioning period revenue (2) | 4,220 | 2,467
Amortization of Day 1 gain (3) | 9,950 | 5,817
Other | (575) | (336)
Total | 218,096 | 127,625


Question: How much was the customer billing during the commissioning period?
Answer: $33.8 million
The total remuneration of the Group’s auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and other member firms of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, for services provided to the Group during the year ended 31 March 2019 is analysed below
Notes: 1 Fees during the implementation phase of new accounting standards, notably preparations for IFRS 15 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” in the year ended 31 March 2018 and preparations for IFRS 16 “Leases” in the year ended 31 March 2019.
2 Relates to fees for statutory and regulatory filings during the year. In addition, the amount for the year ended 31 March 2018 includes non-recurring fees that were incurred during the preparations for a potential IPO of Vodafone New Zealand and the merger of Vodafone India and Idea Cellular. The amount for the year ended 31 March 2017 primarily arose from work on regulatory filings prepared in anticipation of a potential IPO of Vodafone India that was under consideration prior to the agreement for the merger of Vodafone India and Idea Cellular.
A description of the work performed by the Audit and Risk Committee in order to safeguard auditor independence when non-audit services are provided is set out in the Audit and Risk Committee report on pages 71 to 76.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
 | €m | €m | €m
Parent company | 2 | 2 | 2
Subsidiaries | 14 | 14 | 13
Subsidiaries – new accounting standards1 | 1 | 5 | 1
Audit fees: | 17 | 21 | 16
Audit-related fees2 | 2 | 5 | 4
Non-audit fees: | 2 | 5 | 4
Total fees | 19 | 26 | 20


Question: Which financial years' information is shown in the table?
Answer: 2017, 2018, 2019
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL RESULTS
(1) For the three-month period ended August 31, 2019, the average foreign exchange rate used for translation was 1.3222 USD/CDN.
(2) Fiscal 2018 was restated to comply with IFRS 15 and to reflect a change in accounting policy as well as to reclassify results from Cogeco Peer 1 as discontinued
operations. For further details, please consult the "Accounting policies" and "Discontinued operations" sections.
(3) Fiscal 2019 actuals are translated at the average foreign exchange rate of the comparable period of fiscal 2018 which was 1.3100 USD/CDN.
Table:
Three months ended August 31, | 2019 (1) | 2018 (2) | Change | Change in constant currency | Foreign exchange impact
(in thousands of dollars, except percentages) | $ | $ | % | % | $
Revenue | 583,673 | 566,184 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2,427
Operating expenses | 302,833 | 297,977 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1,441
Management fees – Cogeco Inc. | 5,230 | 4,796 | 9.0 | 9.0 | -
Adjusted EBITDA | 275,610 | 263,411 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 986
Adjusted EBITDA margin | 47.2% | 46.5% |  |  | 


Question: What was the foreign exchange rate used For the three-month period ended 2018?
Answer: 1.3100 USD/CDN.
loan commitments ( unfunded loans and unused lines of credit ) , asset purchase agreements , standby letters of credit and letters of credit are issued to accommodate the financing needs of state street 2019s clients and to provide credit enhancements to special purpose entities . loan commitments are agreements by state street to lend monies at a future date . asset purchase agreements are commitments to purchase receivables or securities , subject to conditions established in the agreements , and at december 31 , 2001 , include $ 8.0 billion outstanding to special purpose entities . standby letters of credit and letters of credit commit state street to make payments on behalf of clients and special purpose entities when certain specified events occur . standby letters of credit outstanding to special purpose entities were $ 608 million at december 31 , 2001 . these loan , asset purchase and letter of credit commitments are subject to the same credit policies and reviews as loans . the amount and nature of collateral are obtained based upon management 2019s assessment of the credit risk . approximately 89% ( 89 % ) of the loan commitments and asset purchase agreements expire within one year from the date of issue . sincemany of the commitments are expected to expire or renewwithout being drawn , the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements . the following is a summary of the contractual amount of credit-related , off-balance sheet financial instruments at december 31: .

Table:
( dollars in millions ) | 2001 | 2000
indemnified securities on loan | $ 113047 | $ 101438
loan commitments | 12962 | 11367
asset purchase agreements | 10366 | 7112
standby letters of credit | 3918 | 4028
letters of credit | 164 | 218
state street corporation 53 .

Question: what is the percentage change in the balance of letters of credit from 2000 to 2001?
Answer: -24.8%
Calculation: subtract(164, 218), divide(#0, 218)
Other income and expenses, net consisted of the following:
The Company receives significant public funding from governmental agencies in several jurisdictions. Public funding for research and development is recognized ratably as the related costs are incurred once the agreement with the respective governmental agency has been signed and all applicable conditions have been met.
R&D funding received in the year ended December 31, 2017 from the Nano2017 program with the French government is subject to a financial return in the year 2024 and depends on the future cumulative sales of a certain product group from 2019 to 2024. As such, an accrual amounting to $47 million was recorded as of December 31, 2019 compared to $42 million as of December 31, 2018.
Phase-out costs are costs incurred during the closing stage of a Company’s manufacturing facility. They are treated in the same manner as start-up costs. Start-up costs represent costs incurred in the start-up and testing of the Company’s new manufacturing facilities, before reaching the earlier of a minimum level of production or six months after the fabrication line’s quality certification.
Exchange gains and losses, net represent the portion of exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in currencies other than an entity’s functional currency and the changes in fair value of trading derivative instruments which are not designated as hedge and which have a cash flow effect related to operating transactions, as described in Note 27.
Patent costs include legal and attorney fees and payment for claims, patent pre-litigation consultancy and legal fees. They are reported net of settlements, if any, which primarily include reimbursements of prior patent litigation costs.
In 2019, gain on sale of businesses and non-current assets was related to the sale of one of our non-strategic assets. In 2018, it was related to the sale of one of the Company’s non-strategic investments while in 2017, it
was related to the sale of assets.
Table:
 | Year ended December 31, 2019 | Year ended December 31, 2018 | Year ended December 31, 2017
Research and development funding | 132 | 52 | 65
Phase-out and start-up costs | (38) | (1) | (8)
Exchange gain (loss), net | — | 4 | 4
Patent costs | (1) | (8) | (9)
Gain on sale of businesses and non-current assets | 7 | 8 | 4
Other, net | 3 | (2) | (1)
Total | 103 | 53 | 55


Question: What is the average Research and development funding?
Answer: 83
Calculation: (132+52+65) / 3
Selling, general and administrative
Selling, general and administrative expense consists primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs, professional fees, insurance costs, and other business development and selling expenses.
The following table shows selling, general and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017:
Selling, general and administrative expense in 2019 increased compared to 2018 primarily due to higher employee compensation expense, lower accretion expense in 2018 associated with the reduction in our module collection and recycling liability described above, and higher professional fees.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended |  | Change |  |  | 
(Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2019 over 2018 |  | 2018 over 2017 | 
Selling, general and administrative | $205,471 | $176,857 | $202,699 | $28,614 | 16% | $(25,842) | (13)%
% of net sales . | 6.7% | 7.9% | 6.9% |  |  |  | 


Question: What is the percentage of net sales in 2019?
Answer: 6.7%
Global Financing Financial Position Key Metrics
(1) Includes deferred initial direct costs which are eliminated in
IBM’s consolidated results.
(2) Includes intercompany mark-up, priced on an arm’s-length basis, on products purchased from the company’s product divisions which is eliminated in IBM’s consolidated results.
(3) Entire amount eliminated for purposes of IBM’s consolidated results and therefore does not appear in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(4) These assets, along with all other financing assets in this table, are
leveraged at the value in the table using Global Financing debt.
At December 31, 2019, substantially all financing assets were IT-related assets, and approximately 62 percent of the total external portfolio was with investment-grade clients with no direct exposure to consumers, an increase of 7 points year to year. This investment-grade percentage is based on the credit ratings of the companies in the portfolio.
We have a long-standing practice of taking mitigation actions, in certain circumstances, to transfer credit risk to third parties, including credit insurance, financial guarantees, nonrecourse borrowings, transfers of receivables recorded as true sales in
accordance with accounting guidance or sales of equipment under operating lease. Adjusting for the mitigation actions, the investment-grade content would increase to 67 percent, a decrease of 3 points year to year.
Table:
($ in millions) |  | 
At December 31: | 2019 | 2018
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 1,697 | $ 1,833
Net investment in sales-type and direct financing leases (1) | 6,224 | 6,924
Equipment under operating leases— external clients (2) | 238 | 444
Client loans | 12,884 | 12,802
Total client financing assets | 19,346 | 20,170
Commercial financing receivables | 3,820 | 11,838
Intercompany financing receivables (3) (4) | 3,870 | 4,873
Total assets | $29,568 | $41,320
Debt | 24,727 | 31,227
Total equity | $ 2,749 | $ 3,470


Question: What is the average of Equipment under operating leases— external clients?
Answer: 341
Calculation: (238 + 444) / 2
Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Quarterly sales and earnings results are normally influenced by seasonal factors. Historically, the first two fiscal quarters (three months ending September 30 and December 31) are typically the lowest principally because of annual plant vacation and maintenance shutdowns by the Company and by many of its customers. However, the timing of major changes in the general economy or the markets for certain products can alter this pattern.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded an income tax benefit. See Note 17, Income Taxes to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.
Table:
($ in millions) | First Quarter | Second Quarter | Third Quarter | Fourth Quarter
Results of Operations |  |  |  | 
Fiscal Year 2019 |  |  |  | 
Net sales | $572.4 | $556.5 | $609.9 | $641.4
Gross profit | $91.7 | $107.0 | $123.2 | $122.9
Operating income | $45.0 | $55.4 | $73.2 | $67.9
Net income | $31.5 | $35.5 | $51.1 | $48.9
Fiscal Year 2018 |  |  |  | 
Net sales | $479.8 | $487.8 | $572.2 | $618.0
Gross profit | $85.6 | $85.7 | $96.1 | $114.9
Operating income | $42.2 | $41.4 | $45.7 | $60.0
Net income | $23.4 | $92.1 | $30.2 | $42.8


Question: What is the net sales for 2019 for each quarter in chronological order?
Answer: $572.4, $556.5, $609.9, $641.4
consolidated 2005 results of operations was an estimated reduction of gross profit and a corresponding decrease to inventory , at cost , of $ 5.2 million . store pre-opening costs pre-opening costs related to new store openings and the construction periods are expensed as incurred . property and equipment property and equipment are recorded at cost . the company provides for depreciation and amortization on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives: .

Table:
land improvements | 20
buildings | 39-40
furniture fixtures and equipment | 3-10
improvements of leased properties are amortized over the shorter of the life of the applicable lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset .
impairment of long-lived assets when indicators of impairment are present , the company evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets , other than goodwill , in relation to the operating performance and future cash flows or the appraised values of the underlying assets .
in accordance with sfas 144 , 201caccounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets , 201d the company reviews for impairment stores open more than two years for which current cash flows from operations are negative .
impairment results when the carrying value of the assets exceeds the undiscounted future cash flows over the life of the lease .
the company 2019s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows over the lease term is based upon historical operations of the stores and estimates of future store profitability which encompasses many factors that are subject to variability and difficult to predict .
if a long-lived asset is found to be impaired , the amount recognized for impairment is equal to the difference between the carrying value and the asset 2019s fair value .
the fair value is estimated based primarily upon future cash flows ( discounted at the company 2019s credit adjusted risk-free rate ) or other reasonable estimates of fair market value .
assets to be disposed of are adjusted to the fair value less the cost to sell if less than the book value .
the company recorded impairment charges , included in sg&a expense , of approximately $ 9.4 million in 2006 , $ 0.6 million in 2005 and $ 0.2 million in 2004 to reduce the carrying value of certain of its stores 2019 assets as deemed necessary due to negative sales trends and cash flows at these locations .
the majority of the 2006 charges were recorded pursuant to certain strategic initiatives discussed in note 2 .
other assets other assets consist primarily of long-term investments , qualifying prepaid expenses , debt issuance costs which are amortized over the life of the related obligations , utility and security deposits , life insurance policies and goodwill. .

Question: what is the yearly depreciation rate on land improvements?
Answer: 5%
Calculation: divide(const_100, 20)
A.4.2 Income
As a result of the development described for the segments, Income from continuing operations before income taxes declined 7 %. Severance charges for continuing operations were € 619 million, of which € 492 million were in Industrial Businesses. Accordingly, Adjusted EBITA margin Industrial Businesses excluding severance charges was 11.5 % in fiscal 2019. In fiscal 2018, severance charges for continuing operations were € 923 million, of which € 669 million were in Industrial Businesses.
The tax rate of 25% for fiscal 2019 was below the tax rate of 26% for the prior year, benefiting mainly from the reversal of income tax provisions outside Germany. As a result, Income from continuing operations declined 6%.
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes in the prior year included positive effects from the release of a provision related to former Communications activities.
The decline in basic earnings per share reflects the decrease of Net income attributable to Shareholders of Siemens AG, which was € 5,174 million in fiscal 2019 compared to € 5,807 million in fiscal 2018, partially offset by a lower number of weighted average shares outstanding. Basic earnings per share excluding severance charges was € 6.93.
As expected, ROCE at 11.1 % was below the target range set in our Siemens Financial Framework, reflecting in particular the effects from portfolio transactions in recent years, including the acquisitions of Mentor and Mendix at Digital Industries and the merger of Siemens’ wind power business with Gamesa Corporación Tecnológica, S. A. that created SGRE. The decline year-over-year was due both to lower income before interest after tax and to higher average capital employed.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal year | 
(in millions of €, earnings per share in €) | 2019 | 2018 | % Change
Digital Industries | 2,880 | 2,898 | (1) %
Smart Infrastructure | 1,500 | 1,574 | (5) %
Gas and Power | 679 | 722 | (6) %
Mobility | 983 | 958 | 3 %
Siemens Healthineers | 2,461 | 2,221 | 11 %
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy | 482 | 483 | 0 %
Industrial Businesses | 8,986 | 8,857 | 1 %
Adjusted EBITA margin Industrial Businesses | 10.9 % | 11.1 % | 
Financial Services | 632 | 633 | 0 %
Portfolio Companies | (71) | (305) | 77 %
Reconciliation to Consolidated Financial Statements | (2,028) | (1,135) | (79) %
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 7,518 | 8,050 | (7) %
Income tax expenses | (1,872) | (2,054) | 9 %
Income from continuing operations | 5,646 | 5,996 | (6) %
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes | 3 | 124 | (98) %
Net income | 5,648 | 6,120 | (8) %
Basic earnings per share | 6.41 | 7.12 | (10) %
ROCE | 11.1 % | 12.6 % | 


Question: What was the average of digital industries in 2019 and 2018?
Answer: 2889
Calculation: (2,880 + 2,898) / 2