hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Note 11: Share-Based Compensation
Total share-based compensation expense related to the Company's stock options, RSUs, stock grant awards and ESPP were recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income as follows (in millions):
(1) Recognition of related income tax benefits are the result of the adoption of ASU 2016-09 during the first quarter of 2017 through a cumulative effect adjustment of $68.1 million recorded as a credit to retained earnings as of January 1, 2017. Tax benefit is calculated using the federal statutory rate of 21% during the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, and 35% for the year ended December 31, 2017.
At December 31, 2019, total unrecognized share-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested RSUs with service, performance and market conditions was $74.9 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2019 was $3.9 million.
The Company received cash of $1.7 million and $26.2 million from the exercise of stock options and the issuance of shares under the ESPP, respectively. Upon option exercise, vesting of RSUs, stock grant awards, or completion of a purchase under the ESPP, the Company issues new shares of common stock.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Cost of revenue | $10.6 | $7.0 | $6.0
Research and development | 17.0 | 14.3 | 12.5
Selling and marketing | 14.8 | 14.1 | 11.7
General and administrative | 37.0 | 42.9 | 39.6
Share-based compensation expense | 79.4 | 78.3 | 69.8
Related income tax benefits at federal rate (1) | (16.7) | (16.4) | (24.4)
Share-based compensation expense, net of taxes | $62.7 | $61.9 | $45.4


Question: What is the cost of revenue in 2019?
Answer: $10.6
shareholder return performance presentation the graph presented below compares the cumulative total shareholder return on state street's common stock to the cumulative total return of the s&p 500 index and the s&p financial index over a five-year period . the cumulative total shareholder return assumes the investment of $ 100 in state street common stock and in each index on december 31 , 2007 at the closing price on the last trading day of 2007 , and also assumes reinvestment of common stock dividends . the s&p financial index is a publicly available measure of 80 of the standard & poor's 500 companies , representing 26 diversified financial services companies , 22 insurance companies , 17 real estate companies and 15 banking companies . comparison of five-year cumulative total shareholder return .

Table:
 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012
state street corporation | $ 100 | $ 49 | $ 55 | $ 58 | $ 52 | $ 61
s&p 500 index | 100 | 63 | 80 | 92 | 94 | 109
s&p financial index | 100 | 45 | 52 | 59 | 49 | 63
.

Question: what is the roi of an investment in s&p500 index from 2007 to 2009?
Answer: -20%
Calculation: subtract(80, 100), divide(#0, 100)
(12) Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share
Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potential dilutive shares of common stock. Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock were the same for all periods presented as the impact of all potentially dilutive securities outstanding was anti-dilutive. The Company uses the if converted method for calculating any potential dilutive effect on diluted loss per share.
The following common equivalent shares were excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:
In connection with the issuance of the 2024 Notes in December 2019, the Company paid $44.9 million to enter into capped call option agreements to reduce the potential dilution to holders of the Company’s common stock upon conversion of the 2024 Notes. In connection with the issuance of the 2022 Notes in November 2017, the Company paid $12.9 million to enter into capped call option agreements to reduce the potential dilution to holders of the Company’s common stock upon conversion of the 2022 Notes.
In December 2019, the Company partially terminated capped call options related to the 2022 Notes and received $5.8 million. The capped call option agreements are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders as their effect is antidilutive.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Convertible senior notes | 6,733,914 | 3,411,199 | 3,411,199
Stock-based compensation grants | 2,038,174 | 2,562,274 | 3,268,610
Total | 8,772,088 | 5,973,473 | 6,679,809


Question: What is the average Stock-based compensation grants for the period December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2018?
Answer: 2300224
Calculation: (2,038,174+2,562,274) / 2
Contract Costs
The following table provides changes in our contract acquisition costs and fulfillment costs:
Acquisition costs include commission fees paid to employees as a result of obtaining contracts. Fulfillment costs include third party and internal costs associated with the provision, installation and activation of telecommunications services to customers, including labor and materials consumed for these activities.
Deferred acquisition and fulfillment costs are amortized based on the transfer of services on a straight-line basis over the average customer life of 30 months for consumer customers and 12 to 60 months for business customers and amortized fulfillment costs are included in cost of services and products and amortized acquisition costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations. The amount of these deferred costs that are anticipated to be amortized in the next twelve months are included in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. The amount of deferred costs expected to be amortized beyond the next twelve months is included in other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Deferred acquisition and fulfillment costs are assessed for impairment on an annual basis.
Table:
 | Year Ended December 31, 2019 | 
 | Acquisition Costs | Fulfillment Costs
 | (Dollars in millions) | 
Beginning of period balance | $322 | 187
Costs incurred | 208 | 158
Amortization | (204) | (124)
End of period balance | $326 | 221


Question: What is the sum of the end of period balance costs for 2019?
Answer: 547
Calculation: 326+221
The breakout of product and service gross profit was as follows:
We assess the carrying value of our inventory on a quarterly basis by estimating future demand and comparing that demand against on-hand and on-order inventory positions. Forecasted revenues information is obtained from the sales and marketing groups and incorporates factors such as backlog and future consolidated revenues. This quarterly process identifies obsolete and excess inventory. Obsolete inventory, which represents items for which there is no demand, is fully reserved. Excess inventory, which represents inventory items that are not expected to be consumed during the next twelve quarters for our Semiconductor Test, Industrial Automation and System Test segments and next four quarters for our Wireless Test segment, is written-down to estimated net realizable value.
During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recorded an inventory provision of $15.2 million included in cost of revenues, primarily due to downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels for certain products. Of the $15.2 million of total excess and obsolete provisions, $8.7 million was related to Semiconductor Test, $4.0 million was related to Wireless Test, $2.0 million was related to System Test, and $0.5 million was related to Industrial Automation.
During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded an inventory provision of $11.2 million included in cost of revenues, primarily due to downward revisions to previously forecasted demand levels for certain products. Of the $11.2 million of total excess and obsolete provisions, $6.8 million was related to Semiconductor Test, $2.5 million was related to Wireless Test, $1.2 million was related to System Test, and $0.7 million was related to Industrial Automation.
During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we scrapped $9.2 million and $7.0 million of inventory, respectively, and sold $3.2 million and $6.7 million of previously written-down or written-off inventory, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, we had inventory related reserves for amounts which had been written-down or written-off totaling $103.6 million. We have no pre-determined timeline to scrap the remaining inventory.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2018-2019 Dollar/Point Change
 |  | (dollars in millions) | 
Product gross profit | $1,105.6 | $1,002.5 | $103.1
Percent of product revenues | 58.6% | 58.0% | 0.6
Service gross profit | $234.2 | $217.9 | $16.3
Percent of service revenues | 57.5% | 58.7% | (1.2)


Question: In which years was the  breakout of product and service gross profit provided?
Answer: 2019, 2018
25. Loans and other borrowings continued
Net Debt
Net debt consists of loans and other borrowings (both current and non-current), less current asset investments and cash and cash equivalents. Loans and other borrowings are measured at the net proceeds raised, adjusted to amortise any discount over the term of the debt. For the purpose of this measure, current asset investments and cash and cash equivalents are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Currency denominated balances within net debt are translated to sterling at swapped rates where hedged.
Net debt is considered to be an alternative performance measure as it is not defined in IFRS. The most directly comparable IFRS measure is the aggregate of loans and other borrowings (current and non-current), current asset investments and cash and cash equivalents. A reconciliation from the most directly comparable IFRS measure to net debt is given below.
A reconciliation from the most directly comparable IFRS measure to net debt is given below.
Table:
At 31 March | 2019 £m | 2018 £m | 2017 £m
Loans and other borrowings | 16,876 | 14,275 | 12,713
Less: |  |  | 
Cash and cash equivalents | (1,666) | (528) | (528)
Current asset investments | (3,214) | (3,022) | (1,520)
 | 11,996 | 10,725 | 10,665
Adjustments: |  |  | 
To retranslate debt balances at swap rates where hedged by currency swaps | (701) | (874) | (1,419)
To remove accrued interest applied to reflect the effective interest method and fair value adjustments | (260) | (224) | (314)
Net debt | 11,035 | 9,627 | 8,932


Question: What was the Loans and other borrowings in 2019, 2018 and 2017?
Answer: 16,876, 14,275, 12,713
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe our ability to generate cash flows from operating activities is one of our fundamental financial strengths. In the near term, we expect our business and financial condition to remain strong and to continue to generate significant operating cash flows, which, we believe, in combination with our existing balance of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $5.9 billion, our access to capital, and the availability of our $1.5 billion revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to finance our operational and financing requirements for the next 12 months. Our primary sources of liquidity, which are available to us to fund cash outflows such as potential dividend payments or share repurchases, and scheduled debt maturities, include our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and cash flows provided by operating activities.
As of December 31, 2019, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held outside of the U.S. by our foreign subsidiaries was $2.8 billion, as compared to $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2018. These cash balances are generally available for use in the U.S., subject in some cases to certain restrictions.
Our cash provided from operating activities is somewhat impacted by seasonality. Working capital needs are impacted by weekly sales, which are generally highest in the fourth quarter due to seasonal and holiday-related sales patterns. We consider, on a continuing basis, various transactions to increase shareholder value and enhance our business results, including acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, share repurchases, and other structural changes. These transactions may result in future cash proceeds or payments.
Sources of Liquidity (amounts in millions)
Table:
 | For the Years Ended | December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | Increase (Decrease)
Net cash provided by operating activities | $1,831 | $1,790 | $41
Net cash used in investing activities | (22) | (230) | 208
Net cash used in financing activities | (237) | (2,020) | 1,783
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes | (3) | (31) | 28
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | $1,569 | $(491) | $2,060


Question: What was the Net cash provided by operating activities in 2019?
Answer: $1,831
At March 31, 2019, the Company had $7.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits. A reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows (amounts in thousands):
At March 31, 2019, $1.9 million of the $7.7 million of unrecognized income tax benefits would affect the Company’s effective income tax rate, if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the total unrecognized tax benefit could decrease by $1.0 million in fiscal year 2020 if the advanced pricing arrangement for one of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is agreed to by the foreign tax authority and an ongoing audit in one of the Company’s foreign jurisdictions is settled.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. and multiple foreign jurisdictions, including various state and local jurisdictions. The U.S. Internal Revenue Service concluded its examinations of the Company’s U.S. federal tax returns for all tax years through 2003. Because of net operating losses, the Company’s U.S. federal returns for 2003 and later years will remain subject to examination until the losses are utilized. The Company is subject to income tax examinations in various foreign and U.S. state jurisdictions for the years 2014 and forward. The Company records potential interest and penalty expenses related to unrecognized income tax benefits within its global operations in income tax expense. The Company had $0.5 million and $0.9 million of accrued interest and penalties respectively at March 31, 2019 and 2018, which are included as a component of income tax expense. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax provision.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal Years Ended March 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning of fiscal year | $8,680 | $7,390 | $7,103
Additions from business combinations | — | 1,270 | —
Additions for tax positions of the current year | 2,027 | 1,078 | 762
Additions for tax positions of prior years | 519 | — | —
Reductions for tax positions of prior years | (633) | (1,058) | (64)
Lapse in statute of limitations | (9) | — | (411)
Settlements | (2,923) | — | —
End of fiscal year | $7,661 | $8,680 | $7,390


Question: What was the change in the Additions for tax positions of the current year between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 949
Calculation: 2,027-1,078
11. Stock Award Plan
Total recognized stock-based compensation expense is included in our consolidated statements of operations as shown in the table below. Stock-based compensation expense includes both non-cash expense related to grants of stock-based awards as well as cash expense related to the employee discount applied to purchases of our common stock under our employee stock purchase plan.
The estimated income tax benefit of stock-based compensation expense included in the provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2019 is approximately $5.3 million. No stock-based compensation costs were capitalized during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. The calculation of stock-based compensation expenses includes an estimate for forfeitures at the time of grant.
This estimate can be revised in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates, which are based on historical trends. Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to nonvested awards and options was $62.4 million as of December 31, 2019, and this expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
(In thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Cost of revenue: |  |  | 
Software delivery, support and maintenance | $ 2,075 | $ 2,184 | $ 2,879
Client services | 4,067 | 3,997 | 4,484
Total cost of revenue | 6,142 | 6,181 | 7,363
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 27,348 | 24,213 | 23,497
Research and development | 9,200 | 8,937 | 8,605
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ 42,690 | $ 39,331 | $ 39,465


Question: What is the average Client services for 2017-2019?
Answer: 4182.67
Calculation: (4,067 + 3,997 + 4,484) / 3
ISU plan
The Corporation offers to its executive officers and designated employees an Incentive Share Unit ("ISU") Plan. According to this plan, executive
officers and designated employees periodically receive a given number of ISUs which entitle the participants to receive subordinate voting shares of the Corporation after three years less one day from the date of grant.
The number of ISUs is based on the dollar value of the award and the average closing stock price of the Corporation for the previous twelve month period ending August 31. A trust was created for the purpose of purchasing these shares on the stock market in order to protect against stock price fluctuation and the Corporation instructed the trustee to purchase subordinate voting shares of the Corporation on the stock market. These shares are purchased and are held in trust for the participants until they are fully vested.
The trust, considered as a special purpose entity, is consolidated in the Corporation’s financial statements with the value of the acquired subordinate voting shares held in trust under the ISU Plan presented in reduction of share capital.
Under the ISU Plan, the following ISUs were granted by the Corporation and are outstanding at August 31:
A compensation expense of $2,046,000 ($2,461,000 in 2018) was recorded for the year ended August 31, 2019 related to this plan.
Table:
Years ended August 31, | 2019 | 2018
Outstanding, beginning of the year | 105,475 | 101,538
Granted | 37,600 | 47,900
Distributed | (44,470) | (35,892)
Cancelled | (26,780) | (8,071)
Outstanding, end of the year | 71,825 | 105,475


Question: What was the granted ISUs in 2019?
Answer: 37,600
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Gross profit:
TORM defines Gross profit, a performance measure, as revenue less port expenses, bunkers and commissions, charter hire and operating expenses. The Company reports Gross profit because we believe it provides additional meaningful information to investors, as Gross profit measures the net earnings from shipping activities. Gross profit is calculated as follows:
Table:
USDm | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Reconciliation to revenue |  |  | 
Revenue | 692.6 | 635.4 | 657.0
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions | -267.7 | -283.0 | -259.9
Charter hire | - | -2.5 | -8.5
Operating expenses | -173.0 | -180.4 | -188.4
Gross profit | 251.9 | 169.5 | 200.2


Question: How does TORM define gross profit?
Answer: TORM defines Gross profit, a performance measure, as revenue less port expenses, bunkers and commissions, charter hire and operating expenses.
Beginning fiscal 2011, we replaced the ownership share grants with time-vested RSUs for certain Vice Presidents and Officers that vest ratably overfour to five years and have a 50% or 100% holding requirement on settled shares, which must be held until termination. There were146,268 of such RSUs outstanding as of September 29, 2019. RSUs issued to non-management directors and certain other employees vest12 months from the date of grant, or upon termination of board service if the director or employee elects to defer receipt, and totaled 69,411 units outstanding as of September 29, 2019. RSUs issued to certain other employees either cliff vest or vest ratably over three years and totaled 35,864 units outstanding as of September 29, 2019. These awards are amortized to compensation expense over the estimated vesting period based upon the fair value of our common stock on the award date discounted by the present value of the expected dividend stream over the vesting period.
The following is a summary of RSU activity for fiscal 2019:
As of September 29, 2019, there was approximately $7.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years. The weighted-average grant date fair value of awards granted was$86.08, $94.93, and $102.42 in fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. In fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, the total fair value of RSUs that vested and were released was$4.7 million, $4.4 million, and $4.4 million, respectively.
Table:
 |  | Weighted-
 |  | Average Grant
 |  | Date Fair
 | Shares | Value
RSUs outstanding at September 30, 2018 | 288,098 | $64.57
Granted | 93,686 | $86.08
Released | (55,642) | $84.23
Forfeited | (14,297) | $94.00
RSUs outstanding at September 29, 2019 | 311,845 | $66.18


Question: What is the total fair value of RSUs that were vested and released in fiscal year 2019?
Answer: $4.7 million