hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Our CODM evaluates each segment based on Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”), and we therefore consider Adjusted EBITDA to be a primary measure of operating performance of our operating segments. We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings before investment income, interest expense, taxes, depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation and other adjustments as identified below. The adjustments to our financial results prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) to calculate Adjusted EBITDA are itemized below (in thousands):
It is not practicable for us to report identifiable assets by segment because these businesses share resources, functions and facilities
We do not have significant long-lived assets outside the United States.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended February 28, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net income (loss) | $18,398 | $16,617 | $(7,904)
Investment income | (5,258) | (2,256) | (1,691)
Interest expense | 16,726 | 10,280 | 9,896
Income tax provision (benefits) | (1,330) | 10,681 | (1,563)
Depreciation and amortization | 20,016 | 22,957 | 23,469
Stock-based compensation | 11,029 | 9,298 | 7,833
Impairment loss and equity in net loss of affiliate | 6,787 | 1,411 | 1,284
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 2,033 | - | -
Acquisition and integration related expenses | 935 | - | 4,513
Non-recurring legal expenses, net of reversal of litigation |  |  | 
provision | (11,020) | 10,738 | 9,192
Gain on LoJack battery performance legal Settlement | (18,333) | (28,333) | -
Restructuring | 8,015 | - | -
Other | 217 | 989 | 4,339
Adjusted EBITDA | $48,215 | $52,382 | $49,368


Question: What was the loss on extinguishment of debt in 2019?
Answer: 2,033
Our property business includes the operation of communications sites and managed networks, the leasing of property interests, and, in select markets, the operation of fiber and the provision of backup power through shared generators. Our presence in a number of markets at different relative stages of wireless development provides us with significant diversification and long-term growth potential. Our property segments accounted for the following percentage of consolidated total revenue for the years ended December 31,:
Communications Sites. Approximately 95%, 96% and 97% of revenue in our property segments was attributable to our communications sites, excluding DAS networks, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
We lease space on our communications sites to tenants providing a diverse range of communications services, including cellular voice and data, broadcasting, mobile video and a number of other applications. In addition, in many of our international markets, we receive pass-through revenue from our tenants to cover certain costs, including power and fuel costs and ground rent. Our top tenants by revenue for each region are as follows for the year ended December 31, 2019: • U.S.: AT&T Inc. (“AT&T”); Verizon Wireless; T-Mobile US, Inc. (“T-Mobile”); and Sprint Corporation (“Sprint”) accounted for an aggregate of 89% of U.S. property segment revenue. T-Mobile and Sprint have announced plans to merge in 2020. • Asia: Vodafone Idea Limited; Bharti Airtel Limited (“Airtel”); and Reliance Jio accounted for an aggregate of 83% of Asia property segment revenue. • Africa: MTN Group Limited (“MTN”); and Airtel accounted for an aggregate of 74% of Africa property segment revenue. • Europe: Telefónica S.A (“Telefónica”); Bouygues; and Free accounted for an aggregate of 70% of Europe property segment revenue. • Latin America: Telefónica; AT&T; and América Móvil accounted for an aggregate of 58% of Latin America property segment revenue.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
U.S. | 55% | 51% | 55%
Asia | 16% | 21% | 17%
Africa | 8% | 7% | 7%
Europe | 2% | 2% | 2%
Latin America | 18% | 17% | 18%


Question: What was the approximate percentage of revenue in the company's property segments were attributable to their communication sites in 2018?
Answer: 96%
Fiscal 2017 acquisitions
On August 1, 2016, we acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Blue Coat, Inc. (Blue Coat), a provider of advanced web security solutions for global enterprises and governments. The addition of Blue Coat’s suite of network and cloud security products to our innovative Enterprise Security product portfolio has enhanced our threat protection and information protection products while providing us with complementary products, such as advanced web and cloud security solutions, that address the network and cloud security needs of enterprises.
On February 9, 2017, we completed the acquisition of LifeLock, Inc. (LifeLock) a provider of proactive identity theft protection services for consumers and consumer risk management services for enterprises. LifeLock’s services are provided on a monthly or annual subscription basis and provide identification and notification of identity-related and other events and assist users in remediating their impact.
The total consideration for the acquisitions, net of cash acquired, consisted of the following:
Table:
(In millions) | Blue Coat | LifeLock | Total
Goodwill | $4,084 | $1,397 | $5,481
Intangible assets | 1,608 | 1,247 | 2,855
Net liabilities assumed | (1,019) | (361) | (1,380)
Total purchase price | $4,673 | $2,283 | $6,956


Question: What was the company acquired in August 1, 2016?
Answer: Blue Coat, Inc. (Blue Coat)
During the year, we passed an additional 12,400 addresses in the Greater Cincinnati area with Fioptics, which included a focus on Fiber to the Premise ("FTTP") addresses as FTTP has become a more relevant solution for our customers. As of December 31, 2019, the Fioptics products are now available to approximately 623,400 customer locations or 75% of the Greater Cincinnati operating territory. During 2019, we passed an additional 5,900 addresses in Hawaii.  The Consumer/SMB Fiber products are now available to approximately 246,400 addresses, or 50% of the operating territory in Hawaii, including Oahu and the neighbor islands
In 2019, the Company also invested $24.0 million in Enterprise Fiber products, which includes fiber and IP-ased core network technology.  These investments position the Company to meet increased business and carrier demand within Greater Cincinnati and in contiguous markets in the Midwest region.  In Hawaii, expenditures are for high-bandwidth data transport products, such as metro-ethernet, including the Southeast Asia to United States ("SEA-US") cable.  We continue to evolve and optimize network assets to support the migration of legacy products to new technology, and as of December 31, 2019, the Company has:
increased the total number of commercial addresses with fiber-based services (referred to as a lit address) to 28,800 in Greater Cincinnati and 20,300 in Hawaii by connecting approximately 2,200 additional lit addresses in Greater Cincinnati and 1,200 additional lit addresses in Hawaii during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019;
expanded the fiber network to span more than 12,500 route miles in Greater Cincinnati and 4,700 route miles in Hawaii; and
provided cell site back-haul services to approximately 90% of the 1,000 cell sites in the Greater Cincinnati market, of which approximately 97% of these sites are lit with fiber, and 80% of the 1,100 cell sites in Hawaii, all of which are lit with fiber.
As a result of our investments, we have generated year-over-year Entertainment and Communications revenue growth each year since 2013.  The Company's expanding fiber assets allow us to support the ever-increasing demand for data, video and internet devices with speed, agility and security.  We believe our fiber investments are a long-term solution for our customers' bandwidth needs
Table:
Hawaii Operating Territory | 2018 | 2019
Consumer / SMB Fiber Revenue (in millions): | $87.2 | $42.3
Subscribers (in thousands): |  | 
High-speed internet | 68.2 | 65.9
Video | 42.7 | 48.8
Voice | 30.0 | 30.3


Question: What is the total revenue earned across 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 129.5
Calculation: 87.2+42.3
Note 6. Property and Equipment, Net
Furniture and fixtures, computer software and equipment, leasehold improvements and real property are recorded at cost and presented net of depreciation. We record land at historical cost. During the application development phase, we record capitalized development costs in our construction in progress account and then reclass the asset to internal-use software when the project is ready for its intended use, which is usually when the code goes into production. Furniture, fixtures and office equipment and computer software and hardware are depreciated on a straight-line basis over lives ranging from three to five years. Internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over a three-year period. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease terms or the asset lives. Real property is amortized on a straightline basis over lives ranging from 15 to 39 years.
The components of property and equipment, net are as follows (in thousands):
Depreciation expense related to property and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $5.9 million, $5.7 million and $5.4 million, respectively. Amortization expense related to internal-use software of $1.9 million, $0.8 million and $0.4 million was included in those expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We had no disposals and write-offs of property and equipment that impacted the consolidated statements of operations during the year ended December 31, 2019. Within the Alarm.com segment, we disposed of and wrote off $1.4 million and $0.8 million of capitalized costs to research and development expenses within the consolidated statements of operations primarily related to the design of internal-use software that no longer met the requirements for capitalization during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In December 2019, we purchased land and a commercial building located in Liberty Lake, Washington for $5.1 million. Once renovations are complete, this building will be used by OpenEye for sales and training, research and development, warehousing and administrative purposes.
Table:
 | December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment | $5,604 | $4,102
Computer software and hardware | 17,767 | 16,228
Internal-use software | 8,949 | 5,072
Construction in progress | 4,232 | 3,790
Leasehold improvements | 23,223 | 18,338
Real property | 4,917 | 707
Land | 1,398 | 508
Total property and equipment | 66,090 | 48,745
Accumulated depreciation | (27,542) | (20,988)


Question: How much did the company purchase land a commercial building located in Liberty Lake, Washington for in December 2019?
Answer: $5.1 million
Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. A summary of the tax effect of the significant components of deferred income taxes is as follows (in thousands):
At December 31, 2019, we had state and foreign net operating losses of approximately $12.2 million and $7.9 million, respectively. The state net operating losses expire beginning 2027 through 2038. We recorded a full valuation allowance against the foreign net operating losses and a partial valuation allowance against the state net operating losses, as we do not believe those losses will be fully utilized in the future.
Table:
December 31, |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Goodwill and other intangibles | $136,882 | $114,532
Lease arrangements | 31,128 | —
Property and equipment | 13,270 | 8,168
Unbilled receivables - IRC Section 481(a) | 5,878 | 8,816
Gross deferred tax liabilities | 187,158 | 131,516
Lease obligations | (34,146) | —
Retirement and other liabilities | (18,614) | (20,707)
Allowance for potential contract losses and other contract reserves | (2,205) | (1,681)
Foreign and state operating loss carryforwards | (2,239) | (1,709)
Less: Valuation allowance | 1,828 | 1,537
Gross deferred tax assets | (55,376) | (22,560)
Net deferred tax liabilities | $131,782 | $108,956


Question: What is the ratio of gross deferred tax to net deferred tax liabilities on December 31, 2018?
Answer: 1.21
Calculation: 131,516/108,956
The following table summarizes the activity related to stock options during the year ended December 31, 2019
As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $1,641 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the stock options. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Table:
 | Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | Aggregated Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Stock options outstanding - December 31, 2018 | - | - - |  | 
Granted | 5,835,724 | $0.56 |  | 
Forfeited or expired | (20,000) | $0.55 |  | 
Stock options outstanding - December 31, 2019 | 5,815,724 | $0.56 | 9.6 years | $2,725
Stock options exercisable - December 31, 2019 | 137,500 | $0.55 | 9.6 years | $66


Question: What is the average number of stocks outstanding as at December 31, 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 2907862
Calculation: (5,815,724 + 0)/2
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe our ability to generate cash flows from operating activities is one of our fundamental financial strengths. In the near term, we expect our business and financial condition to remain strong and to continue to generate significant operating cash flows, which, we believe, in combination with our existing balance of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $5.9 billion, our access to capital, and the availability of our $1.5 billion revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to finance our operational and financing requirements for the next 12 months. Our primary sources of liquidity, which are available to us to fund cash outflows such as potential dividend payments or share repurchases, and scheduled debt maturities, include our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and cash flows provided by operating activities.
As of December 31, 2019, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held outside of the U.S. by our foreign subsidiaries was $2.8 billion, as compared to $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2018. These cash balances are generally available for use in the U.S., subject in some cases to certain restrictions.
Our cash provided from operating activities is somewhat impacted by seasonality. Working capital needs are impacted by weekly sales, which are generally highest in the fourth quarter due to seasonal and holiday-related sales patterns. We consider, on a continuing basis, various transactions to increase shareholder value and enhance our business results, including acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, share repurchases, and other structural changes. These transactions may result in future cash proceeds or payments.
Sources of Liquidity (amounts in millions)
Table:
 | For the Years Ended December 31, |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | Increase (Decrease)
Cash and cash equivalents | $5,794 | $4,225 | $1,569
Short-term investments | 69 | 155 | (86)
 | $5,863 | $4,380 | $1,483
Percentage of total assets | 30% | 24% | 


Question: What were the short-term investments in 2019?
Answer: 69
3. Property, Plant and Equipment
Assets held under capital leases and included in property, plant and equipment as of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):
Amortization of assets held under capital leases totaled $3.8 million, $3.4 million and $3.0 million for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Capital lease additions totaled $6.7 million, $11.8 million, and $20.5 million for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
As of September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, accounts payable included approximately $10.0 million, $11.2 million and $10.8 million, respectively, related to the purchase of property, plant and equipment, which have been treated as non-cash transactions for purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Buildings and improvements | $23,717 | $23,717
Machinery and equipment  | 12,293 | 10,995
Capital assets in progress | 11,831 | 7,747
Total property, plant and equipment held under capital leases, gross | 47,841 | 42,459
Less: accumulated amortization  | (8,762) | (6,123)
Total property, plant and equipment held under capital leases, net | 39,079 | 36,336


Question: How many years did the Capital assets in progress exceed $10,000 thousand?
Answer: 1
Calculation: 2019
a valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized . changes to our valuation allowance during the year ended december 31 , 2017 , the 2016 fiscal transition period and the years ended may 31 , 2016 and 2015 are summarized below ( in thousands ) : .

Table:
balance at may 31 2014 | $ -7199 ( 7199 )
utilization of foreign net operating loss carryforwards | 3387
other | -11 ( 11 )
balance at may 31 2015 | -3823 ( 3823 )
allowance for foreign income tax credit carryforward | -7140 ( 7140 )
allowance for domestic net operating loss carryforwards | -4474 ( 4474 )
allowance for domestic net unrealized capital loss | -1526 ( 1526 )
release of allowance of domestic capital loss carryforward | 1746
other | 98
balance at may 31 2016 | -15119 ( 15119 )
allowance for domestic net operating loss carryforwards | -1504 ( 1504 )
release of allowance of domestic net unrealized capital loss | 12
balance at december 31 2016 | -16611 ( 16611 )
allowance for foreign net operating loss carryforwards | -6469 ( 6469 )
allowance for domestic net operating loss carryforwards | -3793 ( 3793 )
allowance for state credit carryforwards | -685 ( 685 )
rate change on domestic net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards | 3868
utilization of foreign income tax credit carryforward | 7140
balance at december 31 2017 | $ -16550 ( 16550 )
the increase in the valuation allowance related to net operating loss carryforwards of $ 10.3 million for the year ended december 31 , 2017 relates primarily to carryforward assets recorded as part of the acquisition of active network .
the increase in the valuation allowance related to domestic net operating loss carryforwards of $ 1.5 million and $ 4.5 million for the 2016 fiscal transition period and the year ended may 31 , 2016 , respectively , relates to acquired carryforwards from the merger with heartland .
foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $ 43.2 million and domestic net operating loss carryforwards of $ 28.9 million at december 31 , 2017 will expire between december 31 , 2026 and december 31 , 2037 if not utilized .
we conduct business globally and file income tax returns in the domestic federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions .
in the normal course of business , we are subject to examination by taxing authorities around the world .
we are no longer subjected to state income tax examinations for years ended on or before may 31 , 2008 , u.s .
federal income tax examinations for years ended on or before december 31 , 2013 and u.k .
federal income tax examinations for years ended on or before may 31 , 2014 .
88 2013 global payments inc .
| 2017 form 10-k annual report .

Question: what was the net change in the valuation allowance in thousands between 2016 and 2017?
Answer: 61
Calculation: subtract(-16550, -16611)
AMERICAN TOWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Tabular amounts in millions, unless otherwise disclosed)
2. PREPAID AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Prepaid and other current assets consisted of the following:
The reduction in Prepaid operating ground leases is a result of the reclassification of assets to the Right-of-use asset in connection with the Company’s adoption of the new lease accounting standard.
Table:
 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2018
Unbilled receivables | $142.3 | $126.1
Prepaid income tax | 185.8 | 125.1
Value added tax and other consumption tax receivables | 71.3 | 86.3
Prepaid assets | 56.8 | 40.5
Prepaid operating ground leases | — | 165.0
Other miscellaneous current assets | 57.4 | 78.2
Prepaid and other current assets | $513.6 | $621.2


Question: Why was there a reduction in prepaid operating ground leases?
Answer: reclassification of assets to the Right-of-use asset in connection with the Company’s adoption of the new lease accounting standard.
Information about Contract Balances
Amounts collected in advance of services being provided are accounted for as deferred revenue. Nearly all of the Company's deferred revenue balance is related to services revenue, primarily customer support contracts.
In some arrangements the Company allows customers to pay for term based software licenses and products over the term of the software license. Amounts recognized as revenue in excess of amounts billed are recorded as unbilled receivables. Unbilled receivables which are anticipated to be invoiced in the next twelve months are included in Accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Long term unbilled receivables are included in Other assets. The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues are as follows:
The increase in accounts receivable is primarily a result of an increase in subscription software transactions that are recognized as revenue at the time of sale but paid for over time. The net increase in deferred revenue is primarily the result of an increase in deferred customer support revenue related to software and products revenue transactions and customer support renewals during fiscal 2019.
The amount of revenue recognized in the period that was included in the opening deferred revenue balance was $238,603 for the year ended March 31, 2019. The vast majority of this revenue consists of customer support arrangements. The amount of revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods was not material.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued) (In thousands, except per share data)
Table:
 | Accounts Receivable | Unbilled Receivable (current) | Unbilled Receivable (long-term) | Deferred Revenue (current) | Deferred Revenue (long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2018 | $152,219 | $9,900 | $4,380 | $241,113 | $84,661
Increase/(decrease), net | 9,351 | 5,366 | 2,836 | (2,674) | 14,596
Ending Balance as of March 31, 2019 | $161,570 | $15,266 | $7,216 | $238,439 | $99,257


Question: What is the overall increase，net in opening and closing balances from March 2018 to March 2019?
Answer: 29475
Calculation: 9,351+5,366+2,836-2,674+14,596