hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Contract Costs
The following table provides changes in our contract acquisition costs and fulfillment costs:
Acquisition costs include commission fees paid to employees as a result of obtaining contracts. Fulfillment costs include third party and internal costs associated with the provision, installation and activation of telecommunications services to customers, including labor and materials consumed for these activities.
Deferred acquisition and fulfillment costs are amortized based on the transfer of services on a straight-line basis over the average customer life of 30 months for consumer customers and 12 to 60 months for business customers and amortized fulfillment costs are included in cost of services and products and amortized acquisition costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations. The amount of these deferred costs that are anticipated to be amortized in the next twelve months are included in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. The amount of deferred costs expected to be amortized beyond the next twelve months is included in other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Deferred acquisition and fulfillment costs are assessed for impairment on an annual basis.
Table:
 | Year Ended December 31, 2019 | 
 | Acquisition Costs | Fulfillment Costs
 | (Dollars in millions) | 
Beginning of period balance | $322 | 187
Costs incurred | 208 | 158
Amortization | (204) | (124)
End of period balance | $326 | 221


Question: What is the percentage change for the end of period balance for Fulfillment Costs when comparing the beginning of period balance?
Answer: 18.18
Calculation: (221-187)/187
asset category target allocation total quoted prices in active markets for identical assets ( level 1 ) significant observable inputs ( level 2 ) significant unobservable inputs .

Table:
 | level 3
balance as of january 1 2018 | $ 278
actual return on assets | -23 ( 23 )
purchases issuances and settlements net | -25 ( 25 )
balance as of december 31 2018 | $ 230
balance as of january 1 , 2017 .
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$ 140 actual return on assets .
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2 purchases , issuances and settlements , net .
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136 balance as of december 31 , 2017 .
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$ 278 the company 2019s postretirement benefit plans have different levels of funded status and the assets are held under various trusts .
the investments and risk mitigation strategies for the plans are tailored specifically for each trust .
in setting new strategic asset mixes , consideration is given to the likelihood that the selected asset allocation will effectively fund the projected plan liabilities and meet the risk tolerance criteria of the company .
the company periodically updates the long-term , strategic asset allocations for these plans through asset liability studies and uses various analytics to determine the optimal asset allocation .
considerations include plan liability characteristics , liquidity needs , funding requirements , expected rates of return and the distribution of returns .
in 2012 , the company implemented a de-risking strategy for the american water pension plan after conducting an asset-liability study to reduce the volatility of the funded status of the plan .
as part of the de-risking strategy , the company revised the asset allocations to increase the matching characteristics of fixed- income assets relative to liabilities .
the fixed income portion of the portfolio was designed to match the bond- .

Question: by what percentage level 3 balance increase from 2017 to 2018?
Answer: 64.3%
Calculation: subtract(230, 140), divide(#0, 140)
Our calculation of TCE may not be comparable to that reported by other entities. The following table reconciles our total operating revenues to average daily TCE:
(i) "Voyage and commission expenses" is derived from the caption "Voyage, charterhire and commission expenses" and "Voyage, charterhire and commission expenses - collaborative arrangement" less (i) charterhire expenses (net of the effect of the related guarantee obligation) of $nil, $nil and $12.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which arose on the charter-back of the Golar Grand from Golar Partners, and (ii) voyage and commission expenses in relation to the Hilli Episeyo of $0.5 million, $1.4 million and $nil for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
(5) We calculate average daily vessel operating costs by dividing vessel operating costs by the number of calendar days. Calendar days exclude those from vessels chartered in where the vessel operating costs are borne by the legal owner, and those of vessels undergoing conversion.
Table:
 |  |  | Years Ended December 31, |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015
 |  |  | (in thousands of U.S.$, except number of shares, per common share data, fleet and other financial data) |  | 
Total operating revenues | 448,750 | 430,604 | 143,537 | 80,257 | 102,674
Less: Liquefaction services revenue | (218,096) | (127,625) | — | — | —
Less: Vessel and other management fees | (21,888) | (24,209) | (26,576) | (14,225) | (12,547)
Net time and voyage charter revenues | 208,766 | 278,770 | 116,961 | 66,032 | 90,127
Voyage and commission expenses (i) | (38,381) | (104,463) | (48,933) | (25,291) | (23,434)
 | 170,385 | 174,307 | 68,028 | 40,741 | 66,693
Calendar days less scheduled off-hire days | 3,840 | 3,987 | 3,885 | 4,034 | 4,481
Average daily TCE rate (to the closest $100) | 44,400 | 43,700 | 17,500 | 10,100 | 14,900


Question: What was the change in total operating revenues from 2016 to 2017?
Answer: 63280
Calculation: 143,537 - 80,257
Note 12—Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following:
Depreciation expense was $61 million, $56 million and $55 million for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Table:
 | January 3, 2020 | December 28, 2018
 | (in millions) | 
Computers and other equipment | $259 | $233
Leasehold improvements | 203 | 206
Office furniture and fixtures | 37 | 36
Buildings and improvements | 23 | 56
Land | 4 | 40
Construction in progress | 104 | 15
 | 630 | 586
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | (343) | (349)
 | $ 287 | $ 237


Question: In which period was Computers and other equipment less than 250 million?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: locate and analyze Computers and other equipment in row 3
IMPAIRMENT TESTING
As described in Note 2, Significant accounting policies, goodwill is tested annually for impairment by comparing the carrying value of a CGU or group of CGUs to the recoverable amount, where the recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal or value in use.
VALUE IN USE
The value in use for a CGU or group of CGUs is determined by discounting five-year cash flow projections derived from business plans reviewed by senior management. The projections reflect management’s expectations of revenue, segment profit, capital expenditures, working capital and operating cash flows, based on past experience and future expectations of operating performance.
Cash flows beyond the five-year period are extrapolated using perpetuity growth rates. None of the perpetuity growth rates exceed the long-term historical growth rates for the markets in which we operate.
The discount rates are applied to the cash flow projections and are derived from the weighted average cost of capital for each CGU or group of CGUs.
The following table shows the key assumptions used to estimate the recoverable amounts of the groups of CGUs.
The recoverable amounts determined in a prior year for the Bell Wireless and Bell Wireline groups of CGUs exceed their corresponding current carrying values by a substantial margin and have been carried forward and used in the impairment test for the current year. We believe that any reasonable possible change in the key assumptions on which the estimate of recoverable amounts of the Bell Wireless or Bell Wireline groups of CGUs is based would not cause their carrying amounts to exceed their recoverable amounts.
For the Bell Media group of CGUs, a decrease of (1.1%) in the perpetuity growth rate or an increase of 0.8% in the discount rate would have resulted in its recoverable amount being equal to its carrying value.
Table:
 | ASSUMPTIONS USED | 
GROUPS OF CGUs | PERPETUITY GROWTH RATE | DISCOUNT RATE
Bell Wireless | 0.8% | 9.1%
Bell Wireline | 1.0% | 6.0%
Bell Media | 1.0% | 8.0%


Question: What is the difference in the perpetuity growth rate between Bell Wireless and Bell Wireline?
Answer: 0.2
Calculation: 1.0%-0.8%
Business Trends
Selected financial results for the past three fiscal years are summarized below:
(1) See the section “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for further discussion of these financial measures.
(2) Includes pounds from Specialty Alloys Operations segment, and certain Performance Engineered Products segment businesses including Dynamet, Carpenter Powder Products and LPW Technology Ltd.
Table:
 |  | Years Ended June 30, | 
($ in millions, except per share data) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net sales | $2,380.2 | $2,157.7 | $1,797.6
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue (1) | $1,942.1 | $1,792.3 | $1,558.4
Operating income | $241.4 | $189.3 | $121.5
Net income | $167.0 | $188.5 | $47.0
Diluted earnings per share | $3.43 | $3.92 | $0.99
Purchases of property, plant, equipment and software | $180.3 | $135.0 | $98.5
Free cash flow (1) | $(53.7) | $34.7 | $(16.8)
Pounds sold (in thousands) (2) | 267,536 | 265,620 | 236,346


Question: Where can further information on free cash flow and net sales excluding surcharge revenue be found?
Answer: See the section “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”
The following table years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 related to the Company’s PSU awards, SLO awards and restricted stock awards.
(1) On May 18, 2017, The Organization and Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors (“O&C Committee”) approved a change in the vesting policy regarding the existing 2017 Three-year PSU Awards and 2016 Three-year PSU Awards for Ilham Kadri. The approved change resulted in a pro-rata share of vesting calculated on the close date of the sale of Diversey. Dr. Kadri’s awards were still subject to the performance metrics stipulated in the plan documents, and will be paid out in accordance with the original planned timing.
(2) The amount does not include expense related to the 2014 Special PSU awards that were settled in cash of $1.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2017.
(3) The amount includes the expenses associated with the restricted stock awards consisting of restricted stock shares, restricted stock units and cash-settled restricted stock unit awards.
(4) On August 4, 2017, the Equity Award Committee approved a change in the vesting condition regarding the existing long-term share-based compensation programs transferring to Diversey as part of the sale of Diversey. The approved change resulted in a pro-rata share of vesting calculated on the close date of the sale of Diversey. In December 2018, the Equity Award Committee approved a change in the vesting condition for certain individuals who would be leaving the Company under a phase of our Reinvent SEE Restructuring program. For both modifications, we recorded the cumulative expense of the higher fair value of the impacted awards at modification approval.
(5) The amounts do not include the expense related to our U.S. profit sharing contributions made in the form of our common stock as these contributions are not considered share-based incentive compensation.
Table:
(In millions) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
2019 Three-year PSU Awards | $ 4.3 | $ — | $ —
2018 Three-year PSU Awards | 0.2 | 2.7 | —
2017 Three-year PSU Awards(1) | — | 3.7 | 9.8
2017 COO and Chief Executive Officer-Designate 2017 New Hire Equity Awards | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1
2016 Three-year PSU Awards(1) | — | (3.0 ) | 2.0
2016 President & CEO Inducement Award | — | — | 0.5
2015 Three-year PSU Awards | — | — | (0.8)
2014 Special PSU Awards(2) | — | — | 3.2
SLO Awards | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1.1
Other long-term share-based incentive compensation programs(3)(4) | 26.5 | 24.7 | 32.6
Total share-based incentive compensation expense(5) | $ 34.4 | $ 29.9 | $ 48.5
Associated tax benefits recognized | $ 5.8 | $ 4.9 | $ 11.8


Question: What was approved on May 18, 2017 by The Organization and Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors (“O&C Committee”)?
Answer: Change in the vesting policy regarding the existing 2017 Three-year PSU Awards and 2016 Three-year PSU Awards for Ilham Kadri. The approved change resulted in a pro-rata share of vesting calculated on the close date of the sale of Diversey.
Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
Cost of revenue increased $4.9 million, or 3%, in 2019 as compared to 2018. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily due to $12.1 million in increased personnel expenses, stock-based compensation, and overhead costs, $3.9 million in increased content costs, $3.6 million in increased amortization of acquired intangible assets, and $1.6 million in increased capitalized software amortization. These increased costs were partially offset by $16.4 million in decreased external implementation professional service costs. These costs were incurred to service our existing customers and support our continued growth. The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to a higher mix of subscription revenue, which carries a higher gross margin.
Cost of revenue increased $1.5 million, or 1%, in 2018 as compared to 2017. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily due to $6.0 million in increased capitalized software amortization and $4.5 million in increased content costs. These increased costs were partially offset by $6.6 million in decreased amortization of acquired intangible assets and $2.9 million in external implementation service costs. These costs were incurred to service our existing customers and support our continued growth. The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to a higher mix of subscription revenue, which carries a higher gross margin.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
 |  | (dollars in thousands) | 
Cost of revenue | $149,215 | $144,349 | $142,867
Gross profit | $427,308 | $393,542 | $339,118
Gross margin | 74.1% | 73.2% | 70.4%


Question: Why did gross margin improve between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to a higher mix of subscription revenue, which carries a higher gross margin
Disaggregation of Revenues
The nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and how revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors is most appropriately depicted by type of revenue as presented below (in thousands) and by geographic region as presented in Note 3
Table:
 |  | For the Year Ended December 31,
 | 2019 | 2018
Cloud and related solutions | $896,164 | $766,377
Software and services | 52,364 | 58,101
Maintenance | 48,282 | 50,581
Total revenues | $996,810 | $875,059


Question: What is the amount of cash flow pertaining to maintenance in 2019?
Answer: 48,282
(19) Income Taxes
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the components of deferred tax assets primarily relate to equity method investments, equity-based compensation, deferred revenues, interest rate swaps, employee benefits accruals and deferred compensation. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the components of deferred tax liabilities primarily relate to depreciation and amortization of intangible assets, property and equipment and deferred contract costs.
The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following (in millions):
Table:
 | December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Deferred tax assets: |  | 
Equity method investments | $25.7 | $—
Equity-based compensation | 12.6 | 9.2
Deferred revenues | 6.2 | 14.8
Interest rate swaps | 5.6 | —
Other | 13.0 | 11.4
Total deferred tax assets | 63.1 | 35.4
Deferred tax liabilities: |  | 
Goodwill and other intangibles | (168.7) | (178.9)
Deferred contract costs | (40.3) | (41.9)
Property, equipment and computer software | (34.3) | (28.0)
Other | (5.1) | (7.5)
Total deferred tax liabilities | (248.4) | (256.3)
Net deferred tax liability | $(185.3) | $(220.9)


Question: What did the components of deferred tax assets primarily related to?
Answer: equity method investments, equity-based compensation, deferred revenues, interest rate swaps, employee benefits accruals and deferred compensation
Revenue stream
The Company generates revenue primarily from the sales of equipment and sales of spares & service. The products and services described by nature in Note 1, can be part of all revenue streams.
The proceeds resulting from the patent litigation & arbitration settlements (€159 million) are included in the equipment revenue stream.
Table:
 | Year ended December 31, | 
(EUR thousand) | 2018 | 2019
Equipment revenue | 631,504 | 1,068,645
Spares & service revenue | 186,577 | 215,215
Total | 818,081 | 1,283,860


Question: What is the  Equipment revenue in 2018?
Answer: 631,504
12. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company leases its facilities under non-cancelable operating leases and build-to-suit leases with various expiration dates through March 2029. Rent expense related to the Company’s office facilities was $5.3 million, $4.8 million and $3.2 million for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company has also entered into various capital lease agreements for computer equipment with non-cancelable terms through January 2022 and has non-cancelable commitments related to its data centers.
Future minimum payments for our capital leases, facility operating leases (including Lexington MA – U.S. build-to-suit lease) and data center operating leases as of March 31, 2019 are as follows:
Certain amounts included in the table above relating to data center operating leases for the Company’s servers include usage-based charges in addition to base rent.
Future lease payments in the table above do not include amounts due to the Company for future minimum sublease rental income of $0.6 million under non-cancelable subleases through 2020.
The Company has outstanding letters of credit of $3.9 million and $3.8 million related to certain operating leases as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Table:
Year Ending March 31, | Capital Leases | Facility Leases | Data Centers
2020 | $ 918 | $ 10,649 | $ 21,216
2021 | 1,102 | 15,186 | 17,427
2022 | 326 | 14,111 | 13,010
2023 | — | 13,825 | 2,774
2024 | — | 13,686 | 356
Thereafter   | — | 59,502 | —
Total minimum lease payments  | $ 2,346 | $ 126,959 | $ 54,783
Less: Amount representing interest   | (121) |  | 
Present value of capital lease obligations   | 2,225 |  | 
Less: Current portion   | (844) |  | 
Long-term portion of capital lease obligations  | $1,381 |  | 


Question: How much was the Rent expense related to the Company’s office facilities for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively?
Answer: $5.3 million, $4.8 million, $3.2 million
The pre-tax discount rate used within the recoverable amount calculations was 8.5% (2018: 8.0%) and is based upon the weighted average cost of capital reflecting specific principal risks and uncertainties. The discount rate takes into account the risk-free rate of return, the market risk premium and beta factor reflecting the average beta for the Group and comparator companies which are used in deriving the cost of equity.
The same discount rate has been applied to both CGUs as the principal risks and uncertainties associated with the Group, as highlighted on pages 30 to 33, would also impact each CGU in a similar manner. The Board acknowledges that there are additional factors that could impact the risk profile of each CGU, which have been considered by way of sensitivity analysis performed as part of the annual impairment tests.
Key drivers to future growth rates are dependent on the Group’s ability to maintain and grow income streams whilst effectively managing operating costs. The level of headroom may change if different growth rate assumptions or a different pre-tax discount rate were used in the cash flow projections. Where the value-in-use calculations suggest an impairment, the Board would consider alternative use values prior to realising any impairment, being the fair value less costs to dispose.
The key assumptions used for value-in-use calculations are as follows:
Having completed the 2019 impairment review, no impairment has been recognised in relation to the CGUs (2018: no impairment). Sensitivity
analysis has been performed in assessing the recoverable amounts of goodwill. There are no changes to the key assumptions of growth rate or
discount rate that are considered by the Directors to be reasonably possible, which give rise to an impairment of goodwill relating to the CGUs.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Annual growth rate (after plan period) | 3.0% | 3.0%
Risk free rate of return | 3.0% | 3.0%
Market risk premium | 5.0% | 4.9%
Beta factor | 0.83 | 0.79
Cost of debt | 3.3% | 3.3%


Question: What are the key drivers to future growth rates dependent on?
Answer: the Group’s ability to maintain and grow income streams whilst effectively managing operating costs
3. Investment in Unconsolidated Entities
The Company has several investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Red River Valley Egg Farm, LLC ("Red River") operates a cage-free shell egg production complex near Bogota, Texas. Specialty Eggs, LLC ("Specialty Eggs") owns the Egg-Land's Best franchise for most of Georgia and South Carolina, as well as a portion of western North Carolina and eastern Alabama. Southwest Specialty Eggs, LLC ("Southwest Specialty Eggs") owns the Egg-Land's Best franchise for Arizona, southern California and Clark County, Nevada (including Las Vegas). As of June 1, 2019, the Company owns 50% of each of Red River, Specialty Eggs, and Southwest Specialty Eggs. Equity method investments are included in “Investments in unconsolidated entities” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and totaled $60.7 million and $64.2 million at June 1, 2019 and at June 2, 2018, respectively.
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities of $4.8 million, $3.5 million, and $1.4 million from these entities has been included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for fiscal 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.
The condensed consolidated financial information for the Company's unconsolidated joint ventures was as follows (in thousands):
The Company is a member of Eggland’s Best, Inc. (“EB”), which is a cooperative. At June 1, 2019 and June 2, 2018, “Other long-term assets” as shown on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet includes the cost of the Company’s investment in EB plus any qualified written allocations. The Company cannot exert significant influence over EB’s operating and financial activities; therefore, the Company accounts for this investment using the cost method. The carrying value of this investment at June 1, 2019 and June 2, 2018 was $2.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively.
Table:
 |  | For the fiscal year ended | 
 | June 1, 2019 | June 2, 2018 | June 3, 2017
Net sales | $112,396 | $107,705 | $86,072
Net income | 9,490 | 7,071 | 2,804
Total assets | 128,470 | 134,056 | 131,871
Total liabilities | 7,600 | 5,859 | 6,543
Total equity | 120,870 | 128,197 | 125,328


Question: What is the increase in net sales from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 4691
Calculation: 112,396 - 107,705