hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Financing Cash Flow Activities
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared with the Year Ended December 31, 2018
Net cash provided by financing activities – continuing operations increased during the year ended December 31, 2019 primarily due to inflows resulting from (i) the issuance of the 0.875% Convertible Senior Notes, (ii) lower credit facility payments, partially offset with less credit facility borrowings and (iii) a decrease in the repurchase of common stock. These were partially offset by the purchase of the remaining minority interest in Pulse8 during 2019.
Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared with the Year Ended December 31, 2017
We used cash in financing activities – continuing operations during the year ended December 31, 2018 compared with cash inflows from financing activities – continuing operations during the year ended December 31, 2017, which was primarily driven by higher repayments of borrowings outstanding under our senior secured credit facility and higher common stock repurchases. We used a portion of the proceeds from the sale of our investment in Netsmart to repay balances outstanding under our senior secured credit facilities at the end of 2018. We borrowed funds in 2018 to purchase Practice Fusion and Health Grid and to acquire the remaining outstanding minority interest in which we initially acquired a controlling interest in April 2015.
Net cash provided by financing activities – discontinued operations increased during the year ended December 31, 2018 compared with the prior year primarily due to higher borrowings by Netsmart used to finance business acquisitions.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, |  |  | 
(In thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2019 $ Change from 2018 | 2018 $ Change from 2017
Proceeds from sale or issuance of common stock | $0 | $1,283 | $1,568 | $(1,283) | $(285)
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | (7,286) | (9,466) | (7,269) | 2,180 | (2,197)
Proceeds from issuance of 0.875% Convertible Senior Notes | 218,000 | 0 | 0 | 218,000 | 0
Payments for issuance costs on 0.875% Convertible Senior Notes | (5,445) | 0 | 0 | (5,445) | 0
Payments for capped call transaction on 0.875% Convertible Senior Notes | (17,222) | 0 | 0 | (17,222) | 0
Credit facility payments | (220,000) | (713,751) | (138,139) | 493,751 | (575,612)
Credit facility borrowings, net of issuance costs | 279,241 | 430,843 | 325,001 | (151,602) | 105,842
Repurchase of common stock | (111,460) | (138,928) | (12,077) | 27,468 | (126,851)
Payment of acquisition and other financing obligations | (14,685) | (5,198) | (1,283) | (9,487) | (3,915)
Purchases of subsidiary shares owned by non-controlling interest | (53,800) | (7,198) | 0 | (46,602) | (7,198)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities - continuing operations | 67,343 | (442,415) | 167,801 | 509,758 | (610,216)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities - discontinued operations | 0 | 149,432 | 30,784 | (149,432) | 118,648
Net cash provided (used in) by financing activities | $67,343 | $(292,983) | $198,585 | $360,326 | $(491,568)


Question: What is the Proceeds from sale or issuance of common stock in 2018?
Answer: $1,283
Reconciliations of total segment net revenues and total segment operating income to consolidated net revenues and consolidated income before income tax expense are presented in the table below (amounts in millions):
(1) Includes other income and expenses from operating segments managed outside the reportable segments, including our Distribution business. Also includes unallocated corporate income and expenses.
(2) Since certain of our games are hosted online or include significant online functionality that represents a separate performance obligation, we defer the transaction price allocable to the online functionality from the sale of these games and then recognize the attributable revenues over the relevant estimated service periods, which are generally less than a year. The related cost of revenues is deferred and recognized as an expense as the related revenues are recognized. This table reflects the net effect from the deferrals of revenues and recognition of deferred revenues, along with the related cost of revenues, on certain of our online enabled products.
(3) Intersegment revenues reflect licensing and service fees charged between segments.
(4) Reflects restructuring initiatives, which include severance and other restructuring-related costs.
(5) Reflects the impact of other unusual or unique tax‑related items and activities.
Table:
 | For the Years Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018
Reconciliation to consolidated net revenues: |  | 
Segment net revenues | $5,969 | $6,835
Revenues from non-reportable segments (1) | 462 | 480
Net effect from recognition (deferral) of deferred net revenues (2) | 101 | 238
Elimination of intersegment revenues (3) | (43) | (53)
Consolidated net revenues | $6,489 | $7,500
Reconciliation to consolidated income before income tax expense: |  | 
Segment operating income | $2,054 | $2,446
Operating income (loss) from non-reportable segments (1) | 24 | 31
Net effect from recognition (deferral) of deferred net revenues and related cost of revenues (2) | 52 | 100
Share-based compensation expense | (166) | (209)
Amortization of intangible assets | (203) | (370)
Restructuring and related costs (4) | (137) | (10)
Discrete tax-related items (5) | (17) | —
Consolidated operating income | 1,607 | 1,988
Interest and other expense (income), net | (26) | 71
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — | 40
Consolidated income before income tax expense | $1,633 | $1,877


Question: What is the percentage change in segment net revenues between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -12.67
Calculation: ($5,969-$6,835)/$6,835
Changes in the amounts of unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:
We had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $20.6 million and $19.8 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. If the current gross unrecognized tax benefits were recognized, the result would be an increase in our income tax benefit of $20.7 million and $19.6 million, respectively. These amounts are net of accrued interest and penalties relating to unrecognized tax benefits of $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
We believe that it is reasonably possible that $0.2 million of our currently remaining unrecognized tax benefits may be recognized by the end of 2020, as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
(In thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning balance as of January 1 | $ 19,821 | $ 10,939 | $ 10,616
Increases for tax positions related to the current year | 1,240 | 8,977 | 640
Decreases for tax positions related to prior years | 0 | 0 | (146)
Increases for tax positions related to prior years | 95 | 367 | 153
Decreases relating to settlements with taxing authorities | 0 | 0 | 0
Increases acquired in business acquisitions | 0 | 540 | 0
Foreign currency translation | 3 | (5) | 10
Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations | (555) | (997) | (334)
Ending balance as of December 31 | $ 20,604 | $ 19,821 | $ 10,939


Question: How much is the gross unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019?
Answer: $20.6 million
The line “Construction in progress” in the table above includes property, plant and equipment under construction and equipment under qualification before operating.
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the new guidance on lease accounting and lease right-of-use assets are included in plant, property and equipment. The impact of the adoption of this new guidance is further described in Note 11.
The depreciation charge was $785 million, $727 million and $592 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
As described in Note 7, the acquisition of Norstel resulted in the recognition of property, plant and equipment of $11 million.
Table:
December 31, 2019 | Gross Cost | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Cost
Land | 78 | — | 78
Buildings | 905 | (505) | 400
Facilities & leasehold improvements | 3,193 | (2,762) | 431
Machinery and equipment | 15,336 | (12,790) | 2,546
Computer and R&D equipment | 382 | (335) | 47
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 266 | (60) | 206
Other tangible assets | 110 | (93) | 17
Construction in progress | 282 | — | 282
Total | 20,552 | (16,545) | 4,007
December 31, 2018 | Gross Cost | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Cost
Land | 79 | — | 79
Buildings | 902 | (487) | 415
Facilities & leasehold improvements | 3,170 | (2,748) | 422
Machinery and equipment | 14,882 | (12,582) | 2,300
Computer and R&D equipment | 381 | (334) | 47
Other tangible assets | 123 | (93) | 30
Construction in progress | 202 | — | 202
Total | 19,739 | (16,244) | 3,495


Question: What is the average Accumulated Depreciation?
Answer: 16394.5
Calculation: (16,545+16,244) / 2
Restricted Stock Grants—During 2019 and 2018, the Company granted 0.321 and 0.410 shares, respectively, of restricted stock to certain employee and director participants under its share-based compensation plans. Restricted stock grants generally vest over a period of 1 to 4 years. The Company recorded $72.5, $109.7 and $63.0 of compensation expense related to outstanding shares of restricted stock held by employees and directors during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In 2018, this expense included $29.4 associated with accelerated vesting due to the passing of our former executive chairman. A summary of the Company’s nonvested shares activity for 2019 and 2018 is as follows:
At December 31, 2019, there was $77.9 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested awards granted to both employees and directors under the Company’s share-based compensation plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. Unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested shares of restricted stock grants is recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in stockholder’s equity at December 31, 2019.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan—During 2019, 2018 and 2017, participants of the ESPP purchased 0.021, 0.020 and 0.020 shares, respectively, of Roper’s common stock for total consideration of $6.8, $5.4, and $4.2, respectively. All of these shares were purchased from Roper’s treasury shares.
Table:
 | Number of shares | Weighted-average grant date fair value
Nonvested at December 31, 2017 | 0.859 | $ 187.01
Granted | 0.410 | 278.29
Vested | (0.492) | 204.24
Forfeited | (0.038) | 191.51
Nonvested at December 31, 2018 | 0.739 | $ 225.93
Granted | 0.321 | 318.75
Vested | (0.290) | 209.05
Forfeited | (0.061) | 225.23
Nonvested at December 31, 2019 | 0.709 | $ 275.00


Question: What was the compensation expense related to outstanding shares of restricted stock held by employees and directors during 2019?
Answer: $72.5
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2019 was primarily attributable to net income of $39.3 million, which included $89.9 million of net non-cash items, offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities using $8.2 million of cash as discussed in more detail below. Accounts receivable increased $2.6 million to $97.9 million at December 28, 2019 compared to $95.3 million at December 29, 2018 as a result of strong collections despite increased revenues and changes in payment terms related to customer mix.
Inventories, net, increased $5.6 million to $83.3 million at December 28, 2019 compared to $77.7 million at December 29, 2018 as a result of higher sales volumes, partially offset by a $10.4 million increase to our provision for excess and obsolete inventories. Accrued liabilities increased $8.7 million to $36.4 million at December 28, 2019 compared to $27.7 million at December 29, 2018, as a result of an increase in employee performance-based compensation and benefits and an increase in accrued income taxes due to timing of payments.
Accounts payable increased $0.9 million to $40.9 million at December 28, 2019 compared to $40.0 million at December 29, 2018, as a result of higher volumes mostly offset by the impact of timing of vendor payments.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2019 primarily related to $20.8 million of cash used in the acquisition of property, plant and equipment, $20.5 million paid (net of cash acquired) as part of the consideration for the acquisition of FRT, and $25.1 million used for the purchase of marketable securities, net of maturities.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2019 primarily related to $30.0 million of principal payments made towards the repayment of our term loan and $8.0 million related to tax withholdings associated with the net share settlements of our equity awards, largely offset by $23.4 million of proceeds from a term loan to fund the acquisition of FRT and $8.1 million of proceeds received from issuances of common stock under our stock incentive plans.
Table:
 |  | Fiscal Year Ended | 
 | December 28, 2019 | December 29, 2018 | December 30, 2017
 |  | (Dollars in thousands) | 
Net cash provided by operating activities | $121,048 | $68,700 | $86,323
Net cash used in investing activities | (66,352) | (21,295) | (59,425)
Net cash used in financing activities | $(6,578) | $(39,329) | $(39,470)


Question: What was the net income in 2019?
Answer: $39.3 million
During the year ended December 31, 2019, we sold marketable securities for proceeds of $52.0 million and realized no gain or loss on such sales. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we sold marketable securities for proceeds of $10.8 million and $118.3 million, respectively, and realized gains of less than $0.1 million on such sales in each respective period. See Note 11. “Fair Value Measurements” to our consolidated financial statements for information about the fair value of our marketable securities.
The following tables summarize the unrealized gains and losses related to our available-for-sale marketable securities, by major security type, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2019, we had no investments in a loss position for a period of time greater than 12 months. As of December 31, 2018, we identified 15 investments totaling $207.2 million that had been in a loss position for a period of time greater than 12 months with unrealized losses of $1.8 million. The unrealized losses were primarily due to increases in interest rates relative to rates at the time of purchase. Based on the underlying credit quality of the investments, we generally hold such securities until we recover our cost basis. Therefore, we did not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired.
Table:
 |  | As of December 31, 2019 |  | 
 | Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair
 | Cost | Gains | Losses | Value
Foreign debt . | $387,775 | $551 | $506 | $387,820
Foreign government obligations | 21,991 | 20 | — | 22,011
U.S. debt | 65,970 | 176 | 12 | 66,134
Time deposits | 335,541 | — | — | 335,541
Total . | $811,277 | $747 | $518 | $811,506


Question: What is the net gain/loss for U.S. debt?
Answer: 164
Calculation: 176 - 12
Operating Income
Our operating income in fiscal year 2018 increased to $189.3 million, or 8.8 percent of net sales as compared with $121.5 million, or 6.8 percent in net sales in fiscal year 2017. Excluding surcharge revenue and special items, adjusted operating margin was 10.6 percent for the fiscal year 2018 and 8.0 percent for fiscal year 2017. The increase in the operating margin reflects the stronger demand and improved product mix coupled with operating cost improvements partially offset by higher variable compensation expense compared to fiscal year 2017.
Operating income has been impacted by special items. The following presents our operating income and operating margin, in each case excluding the impact of surcharge on net sales and the loss on divestiture of business. We present and discuss these financial measures because management believes removing the impact of these items provides a more consistent and meaningful basis for comparing results of operations from period to period. See the section “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for further discussion of these financial measures.
Table:
 | Fiscal Year | 
($ in millions) | 2018 | 2017
Net sales | $2,157.7 | $1,797.6
Less: surcharge revenue | 365.4 | 239.2
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue | $1,792.3 | $1,558.4
Operating income | $189.3 | $121.5
Special items: |  | 
Loss on divestiture of business | — | 3.2
Adjusted operating income excluding special items | $189.3 | $124.7
Operating margin | 8.8% | 6.8%
Adjusted operating margin excluding surcharge revenue and special items | 10.6% | 8.0%


Question: What was the change in operating income in 2018 from 2017?
Answer: 67.8
Calculation: 189.3-121.5
1.10 Percentage change in remuneration of the Group Chief Executive
The following table provides a summary of the 2019 increase in base salary, benefits and bonus for the Group Chief Executive compared to the average increase for the general UK employee population across the Group in the same period.
* 2018 percentage restated to include all UK bonuses for the general UK employee population across the Group.
Table:
 |  | 2019 change | 2018 change
Salary | Group Chief Executive | 7.7% | 2.7%
 | General employee population | 2.9% | 2.7%
Benefits | Group Chief Executive | 5.2% | 3.2%
 | General employee population | 2.9% | 2.7%
Bonus | Group Chief Executive | 15.5% | -4.9%
 | General employee population* | 22.2% | 1.6%


Question: Why was there an adjustment under Bonus for general employee population?
Answer: 2018 percentage restated to include all UK bonuses for the general UK employee population across the Group
14. Income Taxes
Income before income taxes is as follows (in millions):
Table:
 |  | Year Ended | 
 | April 26, 2019 | April 27, 2018 | April 28, 2017
Domestic | $ 678 | $ 589 | $ 166
Foreign | 590 | 610 | 455
Total | $ 1,268 | $ 1,199 | $ 621


Question: What was the change in foreign income before income taxes between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -20
Calculation: 590-610
Other (Income) and Expense
NM—Not meaningful
Total consolidated other (income) and expense was income of $968 million in 2019 compared to expense of $1,152 million in 2018. The year-to-year change was primarily driven by: • Lower non-operating retirement-related costs ($957 million). Refer to “Retirement-Related Plans” for additional information. • Higher gains from divestitures ($833 million) reflected in Other; and • Higher net exchange gains (including derivative instruments) ($272 million). The company’s hedging programs help mitigate currency impacts in the Consolidated Income Statement.
Operating (non-GAAP) other (income) and expense was $1,431 million of income in 2019 and increased $1,010 million compared to the prior-year period. The year-to-year change was primarily driven by the same factors excluding lower non-operating retirement-related costs.
Table:
($ in millions) |  |  | 
For the year ended December 31: | 2019 | 2018 | Yr.-to-Yr. Percent Change
Other (income) and expense |  |  | 
Foreign currency transaction losses/(gains) | $(279) | $(427) | (34.6)%
(Gains)/losses on derivative instruments | 15 | 434 | (96.6)
Interest income | (349) | (264) | 32.2
Net (gains)/losses from securities and investment assets | (32) | (101) | (67.9)
Retirement-related costs/(income) | 615 | 1,572 | (60.9)
Other | (937) | (63) | NM
Total consolidated other (income) and expense | $(968) | $1,152 | NM
Non-operating adjustments |  |  | 
Amortization of acquired intangible assets | (2) | (2) | 50.0%
Acquisition-related charges | 154 | 0 | NM
Non-operating retirement related costs/(income) | (615) | (1,572) | (60.9)%
Operating (non-GAAP) other (income) and expense | $(1,431) | $(422) | 239.4%


Question: What was the total Operating (non-GAAP) other (income) and expense in 2019?
Answer: $(1,431)
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (United States Dollars in thousands, except per share data and unless otherwise indicated)
Fair value change in FCR liability
The following table reconciles the beginning and ending measurements of our FCR liability and highlights the activity that drove the fair value change in FCR liability included in our cost of revenue.
(1) Includes: (i) incentive payments from Bank Partners, which is the surplus of finance charges billed to borrowers over an agreedupon portfolio yield, a fixed servicing fee and realized net credit losses, (ii) cash received from recoveries on previously charged-off Bank Partner loans, and (iii) the proceeds received from transferring our rights to Charged-Off Receivables (as defined below) attributable to previously charged-off Bank Partner loans. We consider all monthly incentive payments from Bank Partners during the period to be related to billed finance charges on deferred interest products until monthly incentive payments exceed total billed finance charges on deferred products, which did not occur during any of the periods presented.
(2) Represents the reversal of previously billed finance charges associated with deferred payment loan principal balances that were repaid within the promotional period.
(3) A fair value adjustment is made based on the expected reversal percentage of billed finance charges (expected settlements), which is estimated at each reporting date. The fair value adjustment is recognized in cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning balance | $138,589 | $94,148 | $68,064
Receipts(1) | 159,527 | 129,153 | 109,818
Settlements(2) | (262,449) | (181,590) | (127,029)
Fair value changes recognized in cost of revenue(3) | 170,368 | 96,878 | 43,295
Ending balance | $206,035 | $138,589 | $94,148


Question: What was the percentage change in the ending balance between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 47.2
Calculation: (138,589-94,148)/94,148
Long-lived assets by geographic region were as follows (amounts in millions):
The only long-lived assets that we classify by region are our long-term tangible fixed assets, which consist of property, plant, and equipment assets, and beginning with 2019, as a result of our adoption of a new lease accounting standard, our lease ROU assets; all other long-term assets are not allocated by location.
For information regarding significant customers, see “Concentration of Credit Risk” in Note 2.
Table:
 |  | At December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Long-lived assets* by geographic region: |  |  | 
Americas | $322 | $203 | $197
EMEA | 142 | 62 | 75
Asia Pacific | 21 | 17 | 22
Total long-lived assets by geographic region | $485 | $282 | $294


Question: What does the company's long-term tangible fixed assets consist of?
Answer: property, plant, and equipment assets, and beginning with 2019, as a result of our adoption of a new lease accounting standard, our lease ROU assets
A summary of additions and deductions related to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 follows (amounts in millions):
(1) Deductions represent uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries.
Table:
 | Balance at Beginning of Year | Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses | Deductions (1) | Balance at End of Year
Allowance for doubtful accounts: |  |  |  | 
Fiscal 2019 | $2.2 | $— | $(0.2) | $2.0
Fiscal 2018 | $2.1 | $0.2 | $(0.1) | $2.2
Fiscal 2017 | $2.5 | $0.2 | $(0.6) | $2.1


Question: What do deductions represent?
Answer: uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries