edwards lifesciences corporation notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) future minimum lease payments ( including interest ) under noncancelable operating leases and aggregate debt maturities at december 31 , 2004 were as follows ( in millions ) : aggregate operating debt leases maturities 2005*************************************************************** $ 13.1 $ 2014 2006*************************************************************** 11.5 2014 2007*************************************************************** 8.9 2014 2008*************************************************************** 8.0 2014 2009*************************************************************** 7.2 2014 thereafter ********************************************************** 1.1 267.1 total obligations and commitments************************************** $ 49.8 $ 267.1 included in debt at december 31 , 2004 and 2003 were unsecured notes denominated in japanese yen of a57.0 billion ( us$ 67.1 million ) and a56.0 billion ( us$ 55.8 million ) , respectively . certain facilities and equipment are leased under operating leases expiring at various dates . most of the operating leases contain renewal options . total expense for all operating leases was $ 14.0 million , $ 12.3 million , and $ 6.8 million for the years 2004 , 2003 and 2002 , respectively . 11 . financial instruments and risk management fair values of financial instruments the consolidated financial statements include financial instruments whereby the fair market value of such instruments may differ from amounts reflected on a historical basis . financial instruments of the company consist of cash deposits , accounts and other receivables , investments in unconsolidated affiliates , accounts payable , certain accrued liabilities and debt . the fair values of certain investments in unconsolidated affiliates are estimated based on quoted market prices . for other investments , various methods are used to estimate fair value , including external valuations and discounted cash flows . the carrying amount of the company 2019s long-term debt approximates fair market value based on prevailing market rates . the company 2019s other financial instruments generally approximate their fair values based on the short-term nature of these instruments. .

Table:
 | operating leases | aggregate debt maturities
2005 | $ 13.1 | $ 2014
2006 | 11.5 | 2014
2007 | 8.9 | 2014
2008 | 8.0 | 2014
2009 | 7.2 | 2014
thereafter | 1.1 | 267.1
total obligations and commitments | $ 49.8 | $ 267.1
edwards lifesciences corporation notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) future minimum lease payments ( including interest ) under noncancelable operating leases and aggregate debt maturities at december 31 , 2004 were as follows ( in millions ) : aggregate operating debt leases maturities 2005*************************************************************** $ 13.1 $ 2014 2006*************************************************************** 11.5 2014 2007*************************************************************** 8.9 2014 2008*************************************************************** 8.0 2014 2009*************************************************************** 7.2 2014 thereafter ********************************************************** 1.1 267.1 total obligations and commitments************************************** $ 49.8 $ 267.1 included in debt at december 31 , 2004 and 2003 were unsecured notes denominated in japanese yen of a57.0 billion ( us$ 67.1 million ) and a56.0 billion ( us$ 55.8 million ) , respectively .
certain facilities and equipment are leased under operating leases expiring at various dates .
most of the operating leases contain renewal options .
total expense for all operating leases was $ 14.0 million , $ 12.3 million , and $ 6.8 million for the years 2004 , 2003 and 2002 , respectively .
11 .
financial instruments and risk management fair values of financial instruments the consolidated financial statements include financial instruments whereby the fair market value of such instruments may differ from amounts reflected on a historical basis .
financial instruments of the company consist of cash deposits , accounts and other receivables , investments in unconsolidated affiliates , accounts payable , certain accrued liabilities and debt .
the fair values of certain investments in unconsolidated affiliates are estimated based on quoted market prices .
for other investments , various methods are used to estimate fair value , including external valuations and discounted cash flows .
the carrying amount of the company 2019s long-term debt approximates fair market value based on prevailing market rates .
the company 2019s other financial instruments generally approximate their fair values based on the short-term nature of these instruments. .

Question: what was the percentage change in total expense for all operating leases between 2002 and 2003?
Answer: 81%
Calculation: subtract(12.3, 6.8), divide(#0, 6.8)