other expense , net , decreased $ 6.2 million , or 50.0% ( 50.0 % ) , for the year ended december 31 , 2004 compared to the year ended december 31 , 2003 . the decrease was primarily due to a reduction in charges on disposal and transfer costs of fixed assets and facility closure costs of $ 3.3 million , reduced legal charges of $ 1.5 million , and a reduction in expenses of $ 1.4 million consisting of individually insignificant items . interest expense and income taxes interest expense decreased in 2004 by $ 92.2 million , or 75.7% ( 75.7 % ) , from 2003 . this decrease included $ 73.3 million of expenses related to the company 2019s debt refinancing , which was completed in july 2003 . the $ 73.3 million of expenses consisted of $ 55.9 million paid in premiums for the tender of the 95 20448% ( 20448 % ) senior subordinated notes , and a $ 17.4 million non-cash charge for the write-off of deferred financing fees related to the 95 20448% ( 20448 % ) notes and pca 2019s original revolving credit facility . excluding the $ 73.3 million charge , interest expense was $ 18.9 million lower than in 2003 as a result of lower interest rates attributable to the company 2019s july 2003 refinancing and lower debt levels . pca 2019s effective tax rate was 38.0% ( 38.0 % ) for the year ended december 31 , 2004 and 42.3% ( 42.3 % ) for the year ended december 31 , 2003 . the higher tax rate in 2003 is due to stable permanent items over lower book income ( loss ) . for both years 2004 and 2003 tax rates are higher than the federal statutory rate of 35.0% ( 35.0 % ) due to state income taxes . year ended december 31 , 2003 compared to year ended december 31 , 2002 the historical results of operations of pca for the years ended december 31 , 2003 and 2002 are set forth below : for the year ended december 31 , ( in millions ) 2003 2002 change .

Table:
( in millions ) | 2003 | 2002 | change
net sales | $ 1735.5 | $ 1735.9 | $ -0.4 ( 0.4 )
income before interest and taxes | $ 96.9 | $ 145.3 | $ -48.4 ( 48.4 )
interest expense net | -121.8 ( 121.8 ) | -67.7 ( 67.7 ) | -54.1 ( 54.1 )
income ( loss ) before taxes | -24.9 ( 24.9 ) | 77.6 | -102.5 ( 102.5 )
( provision ) benefit for income taxes | 10.5 | -29.4 ( 29.4 ) | 39.9
net income ( loss ) | $ -14.4 ( 14.4 ) | $ 48.2 | $ -62.6 ( 62.6 )
net sales net sales decreased by $ 0.4 million , or 0.0% ( 0.0 % ) , for the year ended december 31 , 2003 from the year ended december 31 , 2002 .
net sales increased due to improved sales volumes compared to 2002 , however , this increase was entirely offset by lower sales prices .
total corrugated products volume sold increased 2.1% ( 2.1 % ) to 28.1 billion square feet in 2003 compared to 27.5 billion square feet in 2002 .
on a comparable shipment-per-workday basis , corrugated products sales volume increased 1.7% ( 1.7 % ) in 2003 from 2002 .
shipments-per-workday is calculated by dividing our total corrugated products volume during the year by the number of workdays within the year .
the lower percentage increase was due to the fact that 2003 had one more workday ( 252 days ) , those days not falling on a weekend or holiday , than 2002 ( 251 days ) .
containerboard sales volume to external domestic and export customers decreased 6.7% ( 6.7 % ) to 445000 tons for the year ended december 31 , 2003 from 477000 tons in the comparable period of 2002 .
income before interest and taxes income before interest and taxes decreased by $ 48.4 million , or 33.3% ( 33.3 % ) , for the year ended december 31 , 2003 compared to 2002 .
included in income before interest and taxes for the twelve months .

Question: what was the operating margin for 2003?
Answer: 6%
Calculation: divide(96.9, 1735.5)