hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
5. Balance Sheet Components
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue relates to performance obligations for which payments have been received by the customer prior to revenue recognition. Deferred revenue primarily consists of deferred software, or amounts allocated to mobile dashboard and on-line apps and unspecified upgrade rights. Deferred revenue also includes deferred subscription-based services. The deferred software and deferred subscription-based service performance obligations are anticipated to be recognized over the useful life or service periods of one to eighteen months.
Changes in the total short-term and long-term deferred revenue balance were as follows (in thousands):
Table:
 |  | December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning balances | $36,836 | $42,432 | $49,904
Deferral of revenue | 45,040 | 40,003 | 46,193
Recognition of deferred revenue | (41,034) | (45,599) | (53,665)
Ending balances | $40,842 | $36,836 | $42,432


Question: What is the anticipated duration of useful life for the deferred software and deferred subscription-based service performance obligations to be recognised?
Answer: One to eighteen months.
34 Subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates (continued)
Other entities
Intu (SGS) Finance plc and Intu Metrocentre Finance plc are consolidated as subsidiaries in these financial statements but are not listed in the table above as the Group does not own the shares in these companies. These companies are vehicles set up on behalf of the Group for the sole purpose of issuing some of the Group’s listed debt. The Group’s obligations in respect of this debt via a back-to-back intercompany loan agreement between these companies and other Group companies, and security over investment property via a deed of charge between the security trustees and other Group companies, mean that the Group is deemed to have control of these companies.
Non-controlling interests
By virtue of their 40 per cent interest in The Metrocentre Partnership, GIC Real Estate is entitled to appoint 40 per cent of the directors of Metrocentre (GP) Limited. GIC Real Estate through an intermediate entity also owns a 40 per cent interest in the capital of Metrocentre Lancaster LLP. £58.2 million of the non-controlling interest losses shown in the balance sheet at 31 December 2019 (2018: £12.7 million earnings) and £70.9 million of the non-controlling interest share of loss shown in the income statement for the year ended 31 December 2019 (2018: share of loss £41.5 million) relates to GIC Real Estate’s interest in these entities. Set out below is the summarised financial information of The Metrocentre Partnership and Metrocentre LLP at 100 per cent, as consolidated:
The balance sheet includes a non-controlling interest recoverable amount of £58.2 million (2018: £12.7 million attributable to noncontrolling interest). This amount is considered to be recoverable in view of the £195.4 million owed to the non-controlling interest (which is included in the Group’s borrowings in note 23).
Table:
£m | 2019 | 2018
Summarised income statement |  | 
Revenue | 64.0 | 68.3
Loss for the year | (177.2) | (103.7)
Summarised balance sheet |  | 
Investment and development property | 676.8 | 841.8
Borrowings – 4.125% bonds 2023 | (480.5) | (479.5)
Borrowings – compound financial instrument | (488.5) | (473.8)
Other net liabilities | (27.7) | (31.2)
Net liabilities | (319.9) | (142.7)


Question: What is the net liabilities in 2018?
Answer: 142.7
The following is a breakdown of revenue by shipment destination (in thousands):
(1) Asia Pacific includes revenue from China $1.1 million or 11% and Japan of $1.8 million or 17% of total revenue in 2019 and $1.8 million or 15% and $1.6 million or 12% of total revenue in 2018, respectively. In 2017, revenue from China and Japan were $1.3 million or 11% and $1.5 million or 12%, respectively.
(2) North America includes revenue from the United States of $4.7 million or 46% of total revenue in 2019, $6.4 million or 50% of total revenue in 2018 and $4.2 million or 34% of total revenue in 2017.
Table:
 |  |  | Fiscal Years
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Revenue by geography: |  |  | 
Asia Pacific (1) | $3,049 | $4,905 | $5,810
Europe | 2,459 | 1,280 | 2,015
North America (2) | 4,802 | 6,444 | 4,324
Total revenue | $10,310 | $12,629 | $12,149


Question: What is the respective revenue from Asia Pacific in 2018 and 2019?
Answer: $4,905, $3,049
Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Earnings
A detail of related party items included in Revenues is as follows (in millions):
(1) Transactions with FNF are summarized through November 30, 2019, the date after which FNF is no longer considered a related party.
Table:
 |  | Year ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 (1) | 2018 | 2017
Software services | $40.2 | $35.9 | $32.8
Data and analytics services | 19.3 | 21.7 | 24.0
Total related party revenues | $59.5 | $57.6 | $56.8


Question: What was the change in data and analytic services between 2017 and 2019?
Answer: -4.7
Calculation: 19.3-24.0
24. Government grants
The following government grants are included within trade and other payables:
Government grants have been received to accelerate and support research and development in the vulnerability of global navigation satellite systems and other high technology projects.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | $ million | $ million
At 1 January | 2.3 | 2.6
Received during the year | 0.3 | 0.1
Released to the income statement | (0.6) | (0.4)
At 31 December | 2.0 | 2.3


Question: What was the change in the amount at 31 December?
Answer: -0.3
Calculation: 2.0-2.3
Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Earnings
A detail of related party items included in Revenues is as follows (in millions):
(1) Transactions with FNF are summarized through November 30, 2019, the date after which FNF is no longer considered a related party.
Table:
 |  | Year ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 (1) | 2018 | 2017
Software services | $40.2 | $35.9 | $32.8
Data and analytics services | 19.3 | 21.7 | 24.0
Total related party revenues | $59.5 | $57.6 | $56.8


Question: What was the percentage change in total related party revenues between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 3.3
Calculation: ((59.5-57.6)/57.6) * 100
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
All share-based awards are measured based on the grant date fair value of the awards and recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss over the period during which the employee is required to perform services in exchange for the award (generally the vesting period of the award).
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, which requires assumptions, including the fair value of the Company's underlying common stock, expected term, expected volatility, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield of the Company's common stock. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. If factors change and different assumptions are used, share-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
These assumptions are estimated as follows:
• Fair Value of Common Stock. The Company uses the five-day volume weighted average price for its common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
• #Expected Term. The Company determines the expected term based on the average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding. The Company bases the expected term assumptions on its historical behavior combined with estimates of the post-vesting holding period.
• Expected Volatility. The Company determines the price volatility factor based on the Company's historical volatility over the expected life of the stock options.
• Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes valuation model on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term of the stock options for each stock option group.
• Expected Dividend. The Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and, therefore, uses an expected dividend yield of zero in the option pricing model.
The grant weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted to employees were as follows:
Table:
 | Years ended | 
 | December 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018
Expected volatility | 50.7% | 54.2%
Risk-free interest rate | 2.25% | 2.72%
Dividend yield | Nil | Nil
Average expected life | 4.77 | 5.31


Question: Between 2018 and 2019 year end, which year had lower expected volatility?
Answer: 2019
Calculation: 50.7<54.2
Significant components of Teradyne’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, Teradyne evaluated the likelihood that it would realize deferred income taxes to offset future taxable income and concluded that it is more likely than not that a substantial majority of its deferred tax assets will be realized through consideration of both the positive and negative evidence. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, Teradyne maintained a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets of $77.2 million and $69.9 million, respectively, primarily related to state net operating losses and state tax credit carryforwards, due to the uncertainty regarding their realization. Adjustments could be required in the future if Teradyne estimates that the amount of deferred tax assets to be realized is more or less than the net amount recorded.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | (in thousands) | 
Deferred tax assets |  | 
Tax credits | $79,480 | $69,091
Accruals | 25,424 | 23,449
Pension liabilities | 24,459 | 20,826
Inventory valuations | 18,572 | 18,514
Deferred revenue | 7,622 | 9,130
Equity compensation | 7,042 | 7,190
Vacation accrual | 4,768 | 4,772
Investment impairment | 3,292 | —
Net operating loss carryforwards | 2,705 | 3,658
Marketable securities | — | 962
Other | 1,472 | 685
Gross deferred tax assets | 174,836 | 158,277
Less: valuation allowance | (77,177) | (69,852)
Total deferred tax assets | $97,659 | $88,425
Deferred tax liabilities: |  | 
Depreciation | $(18,238) | $(14,028)
Intangible assets | (16,705) | (24,211)
Marketable securities | (1,601) | —
Total deferred tax liabilities | $(36,544) | $(38,239)
Net deferred assets | $61,115 | $50,186


Question: What was the change in Other in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 787
Calculation: 1,472-685
Note 17 – Earnings (Loss) per Share
A summary of the calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:
For each of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, 5.7 million and 2.5 million, respectively, shares of unvested stock options, PSUs, RSUs and restricted stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS due to their anti-dilutive effect.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, 3.2 million stock options were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares, therefore making them anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method.
Table:
(In thousands, except for per share amounts) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Numerator |  |  | 
Net Income (Loss) | $(52,982) | $(19,342) | $23,840
Denominator |  |  | 
Weighted average number of shares—basic | 47,836 | 47,880 | 48,153
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  | 
Stock options | — | — | 406
Restricted stock and restricted stock units | — | — | 140
Weighted average number of shares—diluted | 47,836 | 47,880 | 48,699
Earnings (loss) per share—basic | $(1.11) | $(0.40) | $0.50
Earnings (loss) per share—diluted | $(1.11) | $(0.40) | $0.49


Question: What was the percentage change in Earnings (loss) per share—basic between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 177.5
Calculation: ((-$1.11-(-$0.40))/-$0.40) * 100
4. PREPAID EXPENSES
Prepaid expenses consisted of the following at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):  Prepaid expenses consisted of the following at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):  Prepaid expenses consisted of the following at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):
In 2018, we recorded impairment charges of approximately$0.4 million related to prepaid licenses and production tooling as a result of the restructuring of our operations. These charges are included in “Restructuring expenses” in the accompanying statements of comprehensive loss (see Note 15).
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Prepaid services | $221 | $252
Prepaid bonds for German statutory costs | 188 | 199
Prepaid insurance | 62 | 19
Prepaid licenses, software tools and support | 17 | 51
Other prepaid expenses | 17 | 17
 | $505 | $538


Question: Where is there more information about the restructuring expenses?
Answer: statements of comprehensive loss (see Note 15).
Non-Recurring Fair Value
Certain assets, under certain conditions, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis utilizing Level 3 inputs, as described in Note 1, Overview and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, like those associated with acquired businesses, including goodwill, other intangible assets, other long-lived assets and equity method investments. For these assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition would be applicable if these assets were determined to be impaired.
The adjusted carrying values for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis (no liabilities) subject to the requirements of ASC 820 were not material at December 31, 2019 and 2018. The following table summarizes the total impairment losses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations related to nonrecurring fair value measurements of certain assets (no liabilities):
In connection with the closure of certain under-utilized customer engagement centers and the consolidation of leased space in the U.S. and Canada, the Company recorded impairment charges of $1.7 million, $9.4 million and $5.2 million during the years ended December 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, related to the exit of leased facilities as well as leasehold improvements, equipment, furniture and fixtures which were not recoverable. See Note 5, Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities, for further information.
Also, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.2 million related to the write-down of a vacant and unused parcel of land in the U.S. to its estimated fair value during the year ended December 31, 2017.
Table:
 |  | Years Ended December31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Americas: |  |  | 
Property and equipment, net | $(343) | $(9,401) | $(5,410)
Operating lease right-of-use assets | (1,368) | — | —
 | $(1,711) | $(9,401) | $(5,410)


Question: In which year was Property and equipment, net largest?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: |-9,401|>|-5,410|>|-343|
Gross Profit
Gross profit in fiscal year 2019 increased to $444.8 million, or 18.7 percent of net sales from $382.3 million, or 17.7 percent of net sales for fiscal year 2018. Excluding the impact of the surcharge revenue, our gross margin in fiscal year 2019 was 22.9 percent compared to 21.3 percent in fiscal year 2018. The results reflect the impact of improved product mix coupled with capacity gains and operating cost reductions compared to the same period a year ago. Fiscal year 2019 also reflects an $11.4 million benefit related to an insurance recovery in our third fiscal quarter.
Our surcharge mechanism is structured to recover increases in raw material costs, although in certain cases with a lag effect as discussed above. While the surcharge generally protects the absolute gross profit dollars, it does have a dilutive effect on gross margin as a percent of sales. The following represents a summary of the dilutive impact of the surcharge on gross margin. We present and discuss these financial measures because management believes removing the impact of surcharge provides a more consistent and meaningful basis for comparing results of operations from period to period. See the section “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for further discussion of these financial measures.
Table:
 | Fiscal Year | 
($ in millions) | 2019 | 2018
Net sales | $2,380.2 | $2,157.7
Less: surcharge revenue | 438.1 | 365.4
Net sales excluding surcharge revenue | $1,942.1 | $1,792.3
Gross profit | $444.8 | $382.3
Gross margin | 18.7% | 17.7%
Gross margin excluding surcharge revenue | 22.9% | 21.3%


Question: What was the amount of gross profit in 2019?
Answer: $444.8
Goodwill Impairment and Restructuring Charges
A goodwill impairment charge of $9.2 million was recorded in 2018 and a $8.4 million goodwill impairment charge was recorded in 2017, both of which related to our Brazilian operations (see Note 7 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements). There were no restructuring charges incurred in the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $0.8 million incurred in the year ended December 31, 2017. We incurred restructuring charges in the third quarter of 2017 associated with the closure of our Overland Park office, including termination benefits and other reorganization costs, primarily associated with integrating operations.
Table:
 | For the Year Ended December 31, |  | Change Amount
 | 2018 | 2017 | 
 | (dollars in thousands) |  | 
Goodwill impairment and restructuring charges: |  |  | 
Restructuring charges | $ - | $752 | $(752)
Goodwill impairment | 9,174 | 8,418 | 756
Total goodwill impairment and restructuring charges | $9,174 | $9,170 | $4


Question: What are the restructuring charges incurred in 2018 and 2017 respectively?
Answer: $0, $0.8 million
13. SHARE-BASED EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION
Stock incentive plans — We offer share-based compensation plans to attract, retain, and motivate key officers, employees, and non-employee directors to work toward the financial success of the Company.
Our stock incentive plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and have been approved by the stockholders of the Company. The terms and conditions of our share-based awards are determined by the Compensation Committee for each award date and may include provisions for the exercise price, expirations, vesting, restriction on sales, and forfeitures, as applicable. We issue new shares to satisfy stock issuances under our stock incentive plans.
Our Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to11,600,000 common shares in connection with the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock purchase rights, restricted stock bonuses, restricted stock units, or performance units to key employees, directors, and other designated employees. There were 1,677,983 shares of common stock available for future issuance under this plan as of September 29, 2019.
We also maintain a deferred compensation plan for non-management directors under which those who are eligible to receive fees or retainers may choose to defer receipt of their compensation. The deferred amounts are converted to stock equivalents. The plan requires settlement in shares of our common stock based on the number of stock equivalents and dividend equivalents at the time of a participant’s separation from the Board of Directors. This plan provides for the issuance of up to 350,000 shares of common stock in connection with the crediting of stock equivalents. There were143,122 shares of common stock available for future issuance under this plan as of September 29, 2019.
Compensation expense — The components of share-based compensation expense, included within “Selling, general, and administrative expenses” in our consolidated statement of earnings, in each fiscal year are as follows (in thousands):
Nonvested restricted stock units — Nonvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are generally issued to executives, non-management directors and certain other members of management and employees. Prior to fiscal 2011, RSUs were granted to certain Executive and Senior Vice Presidents pursuant to our share ownership guidelines. These awards vest upon retirement or termination based on years of service. There were 60,272 of such RSUs outstanding as of September 29, 2019.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Nonvested stock units | $5,458 | $5,737 | $5,873
Stock options | 936 | 1,790 | 1,826
Performance share awards | 1,417 | 1,236 | 2,580
Nonvested restricted stock awards | — | 33 | 88
Non-management directors’ deferred compensation | 263 | 350 | 270
Total share-based compensation expense | $8,074 | $9,146 | $10,637


Question: What is the average stock options from 2017-2019?
Answer: 1517.33
Calculation: (936+1,790+1,826)/3
Cash Flow
Cash flow provided by operating activities. Cash flows provided by operating activities were $7.2 million in fiscal 2019. The provision of cash was due primarily to our operating loss of $13.2 million adjusted for $22.4 million in non-cash expense including depreciation, amortization, and share based compensation and an increase of approximately $2 million in net operating assets and liabilities.
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $6.9 million in fiscal 2018. The provision of cash was due primarily to our operating loss of $12.1 million adjusted for $19.2 million in non-cash expense including depreciation, amortization, and share based compensation.
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $3.4 million in fiscal 2017. The provision of cash included $6.4 million in increased collections on accounts receivable.
Cash flow used in investing activities. Cash flows used in investing activities in fiscal 2019 were $5.5 million. This is primarily attributed to $2.2 million in development of proprietary software and $3.3 million for purchase of property and equipment, including internal use software.
Cash flows used in investing activities in fiscal 2018 were $15.1 million. This is primarily attributed to $8.9 million in development of proprietary software and $6.1 million for purchase of property and equipment, including internal use software.
Cash flows used in investing activities in fiscal 2017 were $13.9 million. This is primarily attributed to $11.9 million in development of proprietary software and $4.2 million for purchase of property and equipment, including internal use software offset by $2.2 million in proceeds from corporate owned life insurance policies.
Cash flow used in financing activities. Respectively, in fiscal 2019, 2018, and 2017, the $0.8 million, $1.3 million, and $0.8 million cash flows used in financing activities were primarily comprised of the repurchase of shares to satisfy employee tax withholding and to cover the exercise price of the options, and payments on capital lease obligations.
Table:
 |  | Year ended March 31, | 
(In thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  | 
Operating activities | $7,241 | $6,874 | $3,433
Investing activities | (5,534) | (15,085) | (13,865)
Financing activities | (767) | (1,295) | (847)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (112) | 194 | (74)
Cash flows provided by (used in) operations | $828 | $(9,312) | $(11,353)


Question: What was the increase / (decrease) in operating activities from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 367
Calculation: 7,241 - 6,874
(iii) Contract balances
Increases in the balance of accrued and unearned revenue during the year relate to the acquisition of Sigma Systems (refer to Note 24). Additionally, the increase in accrued revenue was a result of software licences deployed on contract inception but have yet to be billed to the customer.
Revenues recognised in the current reporting period that was included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the reporting period was $22,251,000, representing support and maintenance performed during the period.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
 | $’000 | $’000
Accrued revenue | 27,817 | 5,824
Unearned revenue | 27,069 | 22,914


Question: How much was the accrued revenue for 2018?
Answer: 5,824