hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
Change in Product Mix and Technology Migration
Because the price of wafers processed with different technologies varies significantly, the mix of wafers that we produce is among the primary factors that affect our revenues and profitability. The value of a wafer is determined principally by the complexity and performance of the processing technology used to produce the wafer, as well as by the yield and defect density. Production of devices with higher levels of functionality and performance, with better yields and lower defect density as well as with greater system-level integration requires better manufacturing expertise and generally commands higher wafer prices. The increase in price generally has more than offset associated increases in production cost once an appropriate economy of scale is reached.
Prices for wafers of a given level of technology generally decline over the processing technology life cycle. As a result, we have continuously been migrating to increasingly sophisticated technologies to maintain the same level of profitability. We began our volume production with 65-nanometer and 40-nanometer technologies in 2006 and 2009, respectively. We introduced our 28-nanometer technology to customers in 2011 and started large-scale commercial production in 2014. Our 28nm and below technologies contributed approximately 17.1%, 15.2% and 11.3% of our foundry revenue in 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively.
Table:
 |  | Years Ended December 31, | 
Process Technologies | 2017 | 2018 | 2019
 | % | % | %
14 nanometers and under | 0.9 | 2.6 | 0.0
28 nanometers | 16.2 | 12.6 | 11.3
40 nanometers | 28.4 | 25.3 | 23.1
65 nanometers | 12.3 | 12.5 | 14.7
90 nanometers | 4.9 | 8.3 | 13.6
0.11/0.13 micron | 11.5 | 11.6 | 12.6
0.15/0.18 micron | 12.4 | 13.7 | 13.1
0.25/0.35 micron | 10.0 | 10.1 | 8.7
0.50 micron or higher | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.9
Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0


Question: What is the increase / (decrease) in 28 nanometers from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: -1.3
Calculation: (11.3% - 12.6%) * 100
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Net profit/(loss) for the year excluding impairment:
Net profit excluding impairment is net profit less impairment and reversals of impairment generated from impairment testing during the year (Please refer to Note 8). The Company reports Net profit excluding impairment because we believe it provides additional meaningful information to investors regarding the operational performance excluding fluctuations in the valuation of fixed assets.
Table:
USDm | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Reconciliation to net profit/(loss) for the year |  |  | 
Net profit/(loss) for the year | 166.0 | -34.8 | 2.4
Reversal of impairment losses on tangible assets | -120.0 | - | -
Net profit/(loss) for the year excluding impairment | 46.0 | -34.8 | 2.4


Question: What is net profit excluding impairment?
Answer: net profit less impairment and reversals of impairment generated from impairment testing during the year
GreenSky, Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) (United States Dollars in thousands, except per share data, unless otherwise stated)
Note 6. Property, Equipment and Software
The following table shows depreciation and amortization expense, as well as recorded impairment losses related to abandoned capitalized software projects that are recorded within general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. We determined that these software projects would not generate future cash flows through use or disposal to a third party and, as such, the fair value as of the respective reporting dates was $0.
Table:
 |  | Year Ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Depreciation expense | $2,540 | $2,320 | $2,149
Amortization expense | 4,764 | 2,158 | 1,834
Impairment losses | — | 19 | 78


Question: Which years does the table show?
Answer: 2019, 2018, 2017
NOTE 5. INVESTMENTS AND LOANS TO SUBSIDIARIES
Interest relates mainly to a subsidiary and is based on the Bank of America’s prime rate with a rise of two percent points. The repayment schedule of the loan is as follows: 24 annual installments of US$2 million, starting December 31, 2018, followed by a final installment of US$5.3 million on December 31, 2043.
Table:
 | December 31, | 
 | 2018 | 2019
Loans due from subsidiaries - non-current portion | 46,698 | 45,377
Loans due from subsidiaries - current portion | 2,064 | 2,123
Total | 48,762 | 47,500


Question: Which year had the higher  Total  loans due from subsidiaries?
Answer: 2018
Calculation: 48,762>47,500
Liquidity risk
Our policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business.
Our liquidity needs are affected by many factors, some of which are based on the normal on-going operations of the business, and others that relate to the uncertainties of the global economy and the semiconductor industry. Although our cash requirements fluctuate based on the timing and extent of these factors, we believe that cash generated from operations, together with our principal sources of liquidity are sufficient to satisfy our current requirements, including our expected capital expenditures in 2020.
We intend to return cash to our shareholders on a regular basis in the form of dividend payments and, subject to our actual and anticipated liquidity requirements and other relevant factors, share buybacks.
The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual and other obligations as at December 31, 2019.
Total short-term lines of credit amounted to €150 million at December 31, 2019. The amount outstanding at December 31, 2019 was nil and the undrawn portion totaled €150 million. The standby revolving credit facility of €150 million with a consortium of banks will be available through December 16, 2023.
For the majority of purchase commitments, the Company has flexible delivery schedules depending on the market conditions, which allows the Company, to a certain extent, to delay delivery beyond originally planned delivery schedules.
Table:
 | Total | Less than 1 year | 1-5 years | More than 5 years
Accounts payable | 119,712 | 119,712 | — | —
Income tax payable | 34,599 | 34,599 | — | —
Accrued expenses and other payables | 149,843 | 149,843 | — | —
Lease liabilities | 24,261 | 6,977 | 14,726 | 2,558
Pension liabilities | 7,734 | 333 | 2,544 | 4,857
Purchase obligations: |  |  |  | 
Purchase commitments to suppliers | 100,694 | 99,546 | 1,148 | —
Capital expenditure and other commitments | 43,692 | 40,745 | 2,947 | —
Total contractual obligations | 480,535 | 451,755 | 21,365 | 7,415


Question: What is  Purchase obligations expressed as a percentage of  Total contractual obligations?
Answer: 30.05
Calculation: ( (100,694 + 43,692 )/ 480,535 ) * 100
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
All share-based awards are measured based on the grant date fair value of the awards and recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss over the period during which the employee is required to perform services in exchange for the award (generally the vesting period of the award).
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, which requires assumptions, including the fair value of the Company's underlying common stock, expected term, expected volatility, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield of the Company's common stock. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. If factors change and different assumptions are used, share-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
These assumptions are estimated as follows:
• Fair Value of Common Stock. The Company uses the five-day volume weighted average price for its common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
• #Expected Term. The Company determines the expected term based on the average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding. The Company bases the expected term assumptions on its historical behavior combined with estimates of the post-vesting holding period.
• Expected Volatility. The Company determines the price volatility factor based on the Company's historical volatility over the expected life of the stock options.
• Risk-Free Interest Rate. The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes valuation model on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term of the stock options for each stock option group.
• Expected Dividend. The Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and, therefore, uses an expected dividend yield of zero in the option pricing model.
The grant weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted to employees were as follows:
Table:
 | Years ended | 
 | December 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018
Expected volatility | 50.7% | 54.2%
Risk-free interest rate | 2.25% | 2.72%
Dividend yield | Nil | Nil
Average expected life | 4.77 | 5.31


Question: What are the 4 assumptions shown in the table?
Answer: Expected volatility, Risk-free interest rate, Dividend yield, Average expected life
Consolidated income statement
For the year ended 31 March 2019
1 The Group has adopted IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments’, IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’, and IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ from 1 April 2018. The year ended 31 March 2018 has been restated for IFRS 16 which was implemented using the fully retrospective method. For further information on the impact of the change in accounting policies, see note 2 of these consolidated financial statements.
Table:
 | Note | 2019 | (Restated)1 2018
 |  | £m | £m
Revenue | 5 | 355.1 | 330.1
Administrative expenses |  | (112.3) | (108.8)
Share of profit from joint ventures | 16 | 0.9 | –
Operating profit | 6 | 243.7 | 221.3
Finance costs | 9 | (10.2) | (10.6)
Profit on the sale of subsidiary | 10 | 8.7 | –
Profit before taxation |  | 242.2 | 210.7
Taxation | 11 | (44.5) | (39.6)
Profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent |  | 197.7 | 171.1
Basic earnings per share | 12 |  | 
From profit for the year (pence per share) |  | 21.00 | 17.74
Diluted earnings per share | 12 |  | 
From profit for the year (pence per share) |  | 20.94 | 17.68


Question: What are the components factored in when calculating operating profit?
Answer: Revenue, Administrative expenses, Share of profit from joint ventures
Products
The Registrant has the ability to produce a wide range of processed chicken products and prepared chicken items.
Processed chicken is first salable as an ice-packed, whole chicken. The Registrant adds value to its ice-packed, whole chickens by removing the giblets, weighing, packaging and labeling the product to specific customer requirements and cutting and deboning the product based on customer specifications. The additional processing steps of giblet removal, close tolerance weighing and cutting increase the value of the product to the customer over whole, ice-packed chickens by reducing customer handling and cutting labor and capital costs, reducing the shrinkage associated with cutting, and ensuring consistently sized portions.
The Registrant adds additional value to the processed chicken by deep chilling and packaging whole chickens in bags or combinations of fresh chicken parts, including boneless product, in various sized, individual trays under the Registrant’s brand name, which then may be weighed and pre-priced, based on each customer’s needs. This chill-pack process increases the value of the product by extending shelf life, reducing customer weighing and packaging labor, and providing the customer with a wide variety of products with uniform, well designed packaging, all of which enhance the customer’s ability to merchandise chicken products.
To satisfy some customers’ merchandising needs, the Registrant freezes the chicken product, which adds value by meeting the customers’ handling, storage, distribution and marketing needs and by permitting shipment of product overseas where transportation time may be as long as 60 days.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the contribution, as a percentage of net sales dollars, of each of the Registrant’s major product lines.
Table:
 |  |  | Fiscal Year Ended October 31,  |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015
Registrant processed chicken:    |  |  |  |  | 
Value added:    |  |  |  |  | 
Fresh vacuum-sealed  | 38.3 % | 35.2 % | 39.8 %   | 37.6 % | 35.2%
Fresh chill-packed  | 32.9 | 35.6 | 31.0 | 34.7 | 36.9
Fresh bulk-packed  | 14.4 | 15.1 | 16.4 | 15.1 | 13.9
Frozen  | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 5.1 | 6.3
Subtotal  | 91.8 | 92.4 | 93.9 | 92.5 | 92.3
Non-value added:    |  |  |  |  | 
Fresh ice-packed  | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0
Subtotal  | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0
Total Company processed chicken  | 93.0 | 93.6 | 94.9 | 93.4 | 93.3
Minimally prepared chicken  | 7.0 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 6.7
Total  | 100.0 % | 100.0 % | 100.0 %  | 100.0 % | 100.0%


Question: How is processed chicken first salable as?
Answer: as an ice-packed, whole chicken
Management Discussion and Analysis
Associates
"nm" denotes not meaningful.
Notes: (1) Based on Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (International).
(2) Assuming constant exchange rates for the regional currencies (Indian Rupee, Indonesian Rupiah, Philippine Peso and Thai Baht) from FY 2018.
(3) Share of results excluded the Group’s share of the associates’ significant one-off items which have been classified as exceptional items of the Group.
(4) Singtel holds an equity interest of 21.0% in Intouch which has an equity interest of 40.5% in AIS.
(5) Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) holds an equity interest of 50.1% in Airtel as at 31 March 2019. In BTL’s standalone books, its loss comprised mainly interest charges on its borrowings.
(5) Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) holds an equity interest of 50.1% in Airtel as at 31 March 2019. In BTL’s standalone books, its loss comprised mainly interest charges on its borrowings.
(6) Singtel ceased to own units in NetLink Trust following the sale to NetLink NBN Trust in July 2017 but continues to have an interest of 24.8% in NetLink NBN Trust, the holding company of NetLink Trust. The share of results included Singtel’s amortisation of deferred gain of S$20 million (FY 2018: S$32 million) on assets previously transferred to NetLink Trust, but excluded the fair value adjustments recorded by NetLink NBN Trust in respect of its acquisition of units in NetLink Trust.
(7) Include the share of results of Singapore Post Limited.
Table:
 | Financial Year ended 31 March |  |  | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | Change | Change in constant currency (2)
 | (S$ million) | (S$ million) | (%) | (%)
Group share of associates' pre-tax proﬁts (3) | 1,536 | 2,461 | -37.6 | -36.2
Share of post-tax proﬁts |  |  |  | 
Telkomsel | 843 | 1,031 | -18.3 | -12.4
AIS | 286 | 292 | -1.7 | -3.9
Globe (3) |  |  |  | 
- ordinary results | 251 | 180 | 39.3 | 45.3
- exceptional items | - | 22 | nm | nm
 | 251 | 202 | 23.9 | 29.1
Intouch (3) (4) |  |  |  | 
- operating results | 101 | 106 | -4.4 | -6.5
- amortisation of acquired intangibles | (22) | (21) | 8.3 | 5.9
 | 79 | 86 | -7.5 | -9.5
Airtel (3) | (131) | 101 | nm | nm
BTL (5) | (40) | (18) | 127.8 | 140.9
 | (171) | 83 | nm | nm
Regional associates (3) | 1,287 | 1,694 | -24.0 | -21.5
NetLink NBN Trust/ NetLink Trust (6) | 48 | 72 | -32.9 | -32.9
Other associates (3) (7) | 47 | 57 | -17.6 | -17.6
Group share of associates’ post-tax proﬁts (3) | 1,383 | 1,823 | -24.1 | -21.8


Question: Was the change in group share of associates' profits from 2018 to 2019 more significant pre-tax or post-tax?
Answer: Pre-tax
Calculation: | -37.6% | > | - 24.1% |
Research and development expenses consist primarily of payroll and payroll-related benefits expenses, contracted research and development expenses, and facility costs. Research and development assists with organic growth and improves product stability and functionality, and accordingly, we dedicate extensive efforts to update and upgrade our product offerings. The primary driver is typically budgeted software upgrades and software development.
Research and development expenses decreased by $1.1 million during the year ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the prior fiscal year. This was primarily due to a reduction in contract labour and consulting of $6.8 million and a reduction in the use of facility and related expenses of $4.8 million, partially offset by an increase in payroll and payroll-related benefits of $12.6 million. The increase in payroll and payroll-related benefits was driven primarily by increased headcount from recent acquisitions. Overall, our research and development expenses, as a percentage of total revenues, remained stable at approximately 11% compared to prior fiscal year.
Our research and development labour resources increased by 336 employees, from 3,331 employees at June 30, 2018 to 3,667 employees at June 30, 2019.
Table:
 | Change between Fiscal increase (decrease) | 
(In thousands) | 2019 and 2018 | 2018 and 2017
Payroll and payroll-related benefits | $12,629 | $39,119
Contract labour and consulting | (6,791) | (3,899)
Share-based compensation | (385) | (1,490)
Travel and communication | (588) | (343)
Facilities | (4,775) | 7,834
Other miscellaneous | (1,163) | 473
Total change in research and development expenses | $(1,073) | $41,694


Question: What is the difference between the Change between Fiscal increase for 2019 and 2018 and 2018 and 2017 for Payroll and payroll-related benefits?
Answer: 26490
Calculation: 39,119-12,629
host hotels & resorts , inc. , host hotels & resorts , l.p. , and subsidiaries notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of our unrecognized tax benefits is as follows ( in millions ) : .

Table:
 | 2018 | 2017
balance at january 1 | $ 11 | $ 11
balance at december 31 | $ 11 | $ 11
all of such uncertain tax position amounts , if recognized , would impact our reconciliation between the income tax provision calculated at the statutory u.s .
federal income tax rate of 21% ( 21 % ) ( 35% ( 35 % ) in 2017 ) and the actual income tax provision recorded each year .
we expect a decrease to the balance of unrecognized tax benefits within 12 months of the reporting date of approximately $ 3 million .
as of december 31 , 2018 , the tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions generally include 2015-2018 .
there were no material interest or penalties recorded for the years ended december 31 , 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 .
8 .
leases taxable reit subsidiaries leases we lease substantially all of our hotels to a wholly owned subsidiary that qualifies as a taxable reit subsidiary due to federal income tax restrictions on a reit 2019s ability to derive revenue directly from the operation and management of a hotel .
ground leases as of december 31 , 2018 , all or a portion of 25 of our hotels are subject to ground leases , generally with multiple renewal options , all of which are accounted for as operating leases .
for lease agreements with scheduled rent increases , we recognize the fixed portion of the lease expense ratably over the term of the lease .
certain of these leases contain provisions for the payment of contingent rentals based on a percentage of sales in excess of stipulated amounts .
other lease information we also have leases on facilities used in our former restaurant business , all of which we subsequently subleased .
these leases and subleases contain one or more renewal options , generally for five- or ten-year periods .
the restaurant leases are accounted for as operating leases .
our contingent liability related to these leases is $ 7 million as of december 31 , 2018 .
we , however , consider the likelihood of any material funding related to these leases to be remote .
our leasing activity also includes those entered into by our hotels for various types of equipment , such as computer equipment , vehicles and telephone systems .
equipment leases are accounted for either as operating or capital leases , depending upon the characteristics of the particular lease arrangement .
equipment leases that are characterized as capital leases are classified as furniture and equipment and are depreciated over the life of the lease .
the amortization expense applicable to capitalized leases is included in depreciation expense. .

Question: what was the change in million of the unrecognized tax benefits between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 0
Calculation: subtract(11, 11)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following tables present the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) for the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:
Table:
 | Unrealized Holding Gains (Losses) Available-for-sale Securities | Minimum Pension Liability | Foreign Currency | Total
Balance at March 31, 2017 | $0.3 | $(5.3) | $(9.4) | $(14.4)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications | (13.6) | (5.6) | — | (19.2)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 15.2 | 0.8 | — | 16.0
Net other comprehensive loss | 1.6 | (4.8) | — | (3.2)
Balance at March 31, 2018 | $1.9 | $(10.1) | $(9.4) | $(17.6)


Question: What was the Minimum Pension Liability balance in 2018?
Answer: (10.1)
Adjusted Revenue has limitations as a financial measure, should be considered as supplemental in nature, and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. These limitations include the following:
• Adjusted Revenue is net of transaction-based costs, which is our largest cost of revenue item; • Adjusted Revenue is net of bitcoin costs, which could be a significant cost; • The deferred revenue adjustment that is added back to Adjusted Revenue will never be recognized as revenue by the Company; and • other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted Revenue differently or not at all, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.
Because of these limitations, you should consider Adjusted Revenue alongside other financial performance measures, including total net revenue and our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP.
The following table presents a reconciliation of total net revenue to Adjusted Revenue for each of the periods indicated:
Table:
 |  |  | Year Ended December 31, |  | 
 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014
 |  |  | (in thousands) |  | 
Total net revenue | $3,298,177 | $2,214,253 | $1,708,721 | $1,267,118 | $850,192
Less: Starbucks transaction-based revenue | — | — | 78,903 | 142,283 | 123,024
Less: transaction-based costs | 1,558,562 | 1,230,290 | 943,200 | 672,667 | 450,858
Less: bitcoin costs | 164,827 | — | — | — | —
Add: deferred revenue adjustment related to purchase accounting | $12,853 | $— | $— | $— | $—
Adjusted Revenue | $1,587,641 | $983,963 | $686,618 | $452,168 | $276,310


Question: What is the ratio of total revenue in 2018 to 2017?
Answer: 1.49
Calculation: 3,298,177 / 2,214,253
Relative importance of spend on pay
The following table shows, for FY19 and FY18, the actual expenditure and percentage change in total employee costs and percentage change in distributions to shareholders.
1 Represents dividends paid in each financial year
2 Total employee expenditure includes wages and salaries, social security costs, pension and other costs and share-based payments, see note 10 of the Financial Statements
Table:
 | FY19 | FY18 | Change
 | $M | $M | %
Shareholder distributions – dividends1 | 23.9 | 21.8 | 10%
Total employee expenditure2 | 370.1 | 361.9 | 2%


Question: What was the average total employee expenditure across 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 366
Calculation: (370.1+361.9)/2