hellotayssir/FinQA_TAT-QA_financial_finetuning_dataset huggingface dataset:
13. SHARE-BASED EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION
Stock incentive plans — We offer share-based compensation plans to attract, retain, and motivate key officers, employees, and non-employee directors to work toward the financial success of the Company.
Our stock incentive plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and have been approved by the stockholders of the Company. The terms and conditions of our share-based awards are determined by the Compensation Committee for each award date and may include provisions for the exercise price, expirations, vesting, restriction on sales, and forfeitures, as applicable. We issue new shares to satisfy stock issuances under our stock incentive plans.
Our Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to11,600,000 common shares in connection with the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock purchase rights, restricted stock bonuses, restricted stock units, or performance units to key employees, directors, and other designated employees. There were 1,677,983 shares of common stock available for future issuance under this plan as of September 29, 2019.
We also maintain a deferred compensation plan for non-management directors under which those who are eligible to receive fees or retainers may choose to defer receipt of their compensation. The deferred amounts are converted to stock equivalents. The plan requires settlement in shares of our common stock based on the number of stock equivalents and dividend equivalents at the time of a participant’s separation from the Board of Directors. This plan provides for the issuance of up to 350,000 shares of common stock in connection with the crediting of stock equivalents. There were143,122 shares of common stock available for future issuance under this plan as of September 29, 2019.
Compensation expense — The components of share-based compensation expense, included within “Selling, general, and administrative expenses” in our consolidated statement of earnings, in each fiscal year are as follows (in thousands):
Nonvested restricted stock units — Nonvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are generally issued to executives, non-management directors and certain other members of management and employees. Prior to fiscal 2011, RSUs were granted to certain Executive and Senior Vice Presidents pursuant to our share ownership guidelines. These awards vest upon retirement or termination based on years of service. There were 60,272 of such RSUs outstanding as of September 29, 2019.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Nonvested stock units | $5,458 | $5,737 | $5,873
Stock options | 936 | 1,790 | 1,826
Performance share awards | 1,417 | 1,236 | 2,580
Nonvested restricted stock awards | — | 33 | 88
Non-management directors’ deferred compensation | 263 | 350 | 270
Total share-based compensation expense | $8,074 | $9,146 | $10,637


Question: In 2019, what is the percentage constitution of nonvested stock units among the total share-based compensation expense?
Answer: 67.6
Calculation: (5,458/8,074) * 100
14. Fair Value Measures
The Company is required to categorize both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities based on the following fair value hierarchy. The fair value of an asset is the price at which the asset could be sold in an orderly transaction between unrelated, knowledgeable, and willing parties able to engage in the transaction. A liability’s fair value is defined as the amount that would be paid to transfer the liability to a new obligor in a transaction between such parties, not the amount that would be paid to settle the liability with the creditor.
• Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. • Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The disclosure of fair value of certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at cost are as follows:
Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable: The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
Long-term debt: The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt is at its stated value. We have not elected to carry our long-term debt at fair value. Fair values for debt are based on quoted market prices or published forward interest rate curves, which are level 2 inputs. Estimated fair values are management’s estimates, which is a level 3 input; however, when there is no readily available market data, the estimated fair values may not represent the amounts that could be realized in a current transaction, and the fair values could change significantly. The fair value of the Company’s debt is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. Under its current policies, the Company does not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure to interest rate changes. A one percent (1%) decrease in interest rates would increase the net fair value of the Company’s debt by $23,000 at June 1, 2019. The fair value and carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt were as follows (in thousands):
Table:
 | June 1, 2019 |  | June 2, 2018 | 
 | Carrying Value | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Fair Value
Note payable | $1,283 | $1,309 | $4,750 | $4,732
Long-term leases | 1,054 | 940 | 1,340 | 1,171
 | $2,337 | $2,249 | $6,090 | $5,903


Question: The company's debt value increases by what amount if the interest rate decreases by 1% in 2019?
Answer: $23,000
Amortization of Intangible Assets: Substantially all of our intangible assets were acquired through our business combinations. We amortize our intangible assets over, and monitor the appropriateness of, the estimated useful lives of these assets. We also periodically review these intangible assets for potential impairment based upon relevant facts and circumstances. Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual report has additional information regarding our intangible assets and related amortization.
Amortization of intangible assets increased in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 primarily due to additional amortization from intangible assets, which primarily included developed technology that we acquired in connection with our recent acquisitions, partially offset by a reduction in expenses associated with certain of our intangible assets that became fully amortized.
Table:
Year Ended May 31, |  |  |  | 
 |  |  | Percent Change | 
(Dollars in millions) | 2019 | Actual | Constant | 2018
Developed technology | $857 | 13% | 14% | $758
Cloud services and license support agreements and related relationships | 712 | -3% | -3% | 731
Other | 120 | -9% | -9% | 131
Total amortization of intangible assets | $1,689 | 4% | 4% | $1,620


Question: How much less did the company spend on "developed technology" in 2018 than 2019?
Answer: 99
Calculation: 857 - 758
Equity in net earnings of affiliates:
As of December 31, 2019, we held a 32.0% (2018: 32.0%) ownership interest in Golar Partners (including our 2% general partner interest) and 100% of the incentive distribution rights ("IDRs"). The decrease in the share of net earnings in Golar Partners is due to a decrease in underlying performance of Golar Partners and fair value adjustment for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in the share of net earnings in Golar Partners is offset by the movement of the impairment charge of $149.4 million recognized for the year ended December 31, 2018.
The share of net earnings in other affiliates represents our share of equity in Egyptian Company for Gas Services S.A.E ("ECGS") and Avenir LNG Limited ("Avenir"). During the year ended December 31, 2018 we recognized negative goodwill of $3.8 million in equity in net earnings of affiliates to reflect our bargain purchase of Avenir. Refer to note 14 "Investment in Affiliates" of our consolidated financial statements included herein for further details.
Table:
 |  | December 31, |  | 
(in thousands of $) | 2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change
Share in net (loss)/earnings in Golar Partners | (20,050) | 7,001 | (27,051) | (386)%
Impairment of investment in Golar Partners | — | (149,389) | 149,389 | 100%
Share of net (losses)/earnings in other affiliates | (2,515) | 3,711 | (6,226) | (168)%
 | (22,565) | (138,677) | 116,112 | (84)%


Question: What was the change in ownership interest in Golar Partners held from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: 0
Calculation: 32.0% - 32.0%
Income Tax Provision (Benefit)
The income tax benefit for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $12.6 million or approximately 39% of pre-tax loss compared to an income tax benefit of $6.7 million or approximately 20% of pre-tax loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.
The income tax benefit for the year ended December 31, 2019 primarily related to the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, discrete tax benefits related to stockbased compensation, and release of certain reserves for uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10.
The income tax benefit for the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily related to a partial release of our valuation allowance and the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, and release of uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10.
Table:
 | Year Ended December 31, |  | % Change
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019
 |  | (dollars in thousands) | 
Income tax benefit | $(12,586) | $(6,653) | 89%
% of pre-tax loss | 39% | 20% | 


Question: What was the income tax benefit in 2019 related to?
Answer: the mix of pre-tax income among jurisdictions, discrete tax benefits related to stockbased compensation, and release of certain reserves for uncertain tax positions under ASC 740-10.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.
(1) Includes stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes as follows:
Table:
 |  | Years ended December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
 | (in thousands, except share and per share data) |  | 
Revenues: |  |  | 
Subscription solutions | $642,241 | $464,996 | $310,031
Merchant solutions | 935,932 | 608,233 | 363,273
 | 1,578,173 | 1,073,229 | 673,304
Cost of revenues(1)(2): |  |  | 
Subscription solutions | 128,155 | 100,990 | 61,267
Merchant solutions | 584,375 | 375,972 | 231,784
 | 712,530 | 476,962 | 293,051
Gross profit | 865,643 | 596,267 | 380,253
Operating expenses: |  |  | 
Sales and marketing(1)(2) | 472,841 | 350,069 | 225,694
Research and development(1)(2) | 355,015 | 230,674 | 135,997
General and administrative(1) | 178,934 | 107,444 | 67,719
Total operating expenses | 1,006,790 | 688,187 | 429,410
Loss from operations | (141,147) | (91,920) | (49,157)
Other income | 45,332 | 27,367 | 9,162
Loss before income taxes | (95,815) | (64,553) | (39,995)
Provision for income taxes | 29,027 | — | —
Net loss | $(124,842) | $(64,553) | $(39,995)
Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to shareholders | $(1.10) | $(0.61) | $(0.42)
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to shareholders | 113,026,424 | 105,671,839 | 95,774,897


Question: What is the average total operating expenses for 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 558798.5
Calculation: (688,187+429,410)/2
The following table presents the components of impairment and other charges, net, in each fiscal year (in thousands):
Restructuring costs decreased by $2.2 million as a result of lower severance expenses, as our general and administrative cost reduction initiative came to its conclusion as planned. Costs of closed restaurants and other increased by $3.8 million, primarily due to a $3.5 million charge recorded in 2019 related to the write- off of software development costs associated with a discontinued technology project. Gains on disposition of property and equipment, net, increased by $7.9 million, primarily due to a $5.7 million gain related to a sale of property and a$0.8 million gain related to an eminent domain transaction in 2019.
Refer to Note 9, Impairment and Other Charges, Net, of the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding these charges.
Table:
 | 2019 | 2018
Restructuring costs | $8,455 | $10,647
Costs of closed restaurants and other | 8,628 | 4,803
(Gains) losses on disposition of property and equipment, net | (6,244) | 1,627
Accelerated depreciation | 1,616 | 1,130
Operating restaurant impairment charges | — | 211
 | $12,455 | $18,418


Question: Why did the restructuring costs decreased from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: Lower severance expenses
(1) Mr. Clark did not receive a FY19 EAIP payout.
(2) Pursuant to the terms of Mr. Noviello’s Transition Services Agreement dated January 31, 2019 (the ‘‘Transition Services Agreement’’), Mr. Noviello received 75% of his target FY19 EAIP amount under the Company’s Executive Severance Plan because it was greater than the amount that he would have earned under the FY19 EAIP irrespective of individual performance.
(3) Ms. Cappellanti-Wolf and Messrs. Kapuria and Taylor each earned an individual performance factor of 100%. In determining the appropriate individual performance factor for each of these executives, the Compensation Committee, with recommendation of the CEO, considered leadership, contributions to NortonLifeLock’s achievement of its goals, and strategic planning among other factors.
(4) The Compensation Committee did not exercise its discretion to reduce any payouts.
Table:
 | FY19 EAIP NEO Payout Amounts |  |  |  | 
NEO | Base Salary | Annual Incentive Target (%) | Company Performance Funding (%) | Individual Performance Factor (%) | Individual Payout Amount ($)(4)
Gregory S. Clark(1) | 1,000,000 | 150 | n/a | n/a | 0
Nicholas R. Noviello(2) | 650,000 | 100 | n/a | n/a | 487,500
Amy L. Cappellanti-Wolf(3) | 440,000 | 70 | 35.6 | 100 | 109,648
Samir Kapuria(3) | 450,000 | 100 | 35.6 | 100 | 152,172
Scott C. Taylor(3) | 600,000 | 100 | 35.6 | 100 | 213,600


Question: What is Gregory S. Clark's base salary?
Answer: 1,000,000
Amortization of Intangible Assets: Substantially all of our intangible assets were acquired through our business combinations. We amortize our intangible assets over, and monitor the appropriateness of, the estimated useful lives of these assets. We also periodically review these intangible assets for potential impairment based upon relevant facts and circumstances. Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual report has additional information regarding our intangible assets and related amortization.
Amortization of intangible assets increased in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 primarily due to additional amortization from intangible assets, which primarily included developed technology that we acquired in connection with our recent acquisitions, partially offset by a reduction in expenses associated with certain of our intangible assets that became fully amortized.
Table:
Year Ended May 31, |  |  |  | 
 |  |  | Percent Change | 
(Dollars in millions) | 2019 | Actual | Constant | 2018
Developed technology | $857 | 13% | 14% | $758
Cloud services and license support agreements and related relationships | 712 | -3% | -3% | 731
Other | 120 | -9% | -9% | 131
Total amortization of intangible assets | $1,689 | 4% | 4% | $1,620


Question: Where did the company acquire its intangible assets?
Answer: Substantially all of our intangible assets were acquired through our business combinations
republic services , inc . notes to consolidated financial statements 2014 ( continued ) the plan to reflect the allied acquisition . the 2006 plan , as amended and restated , provides for the grant of non- qualified stock options , incentive stock options , shares of restricted stock , shares of phantom stock , stock bonuses , restricted stock units , stock appreciation rights , performance awards , dividend equivalents , cash awards , or other stock-based awards . awards granted under the 2006 plan prior to december 5 , 2008 became fully vested and nonforfeitable upon the closing of the acquisition . awards may be granted under the 2006 plan , as amended and restated , after december 5 , 2008 only to employees and consultants of allied and its subsidiaries who were not employed by republic prior to such date . as of december 31 , 2013 , there were approximately 15.6 million shares of common stock reserved for future grants under the 2006 plan . stock options we use a lattice binomial option-pricing model to value our stock option grants . we recognize compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award , or to the employee 2019s retirement eligible date , if earlier . expected volatility is based on the weighted average of the most recent one year volatility and a historical rolling average volatility of our stock over the expected life of the option . the risk-free interest rate is based on federal reserve rates in effect for bonds with maturity dates equal to the expected term of the option . we use historical data to estimate future option exercises , forfeitures ( at 3.0% ( 3.0 % ) for each of the periods presented ) and expected life of the options . when appropriate , separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes . the weighted-average estimated fair values of stock options granted during the years ended december 31 , 2013 , 2012 and 2011 were $ 5.27 , $ 4.77 and $ 5.35 per option , respectively , which were calculated using the following weighted-average assumptions: .

Table:
 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011
expected volatility | 28.9% ( 28.9 % ) | 27.8% ( 27.8 % ) | 27.3% ( 27.3 % )
risk-free interest rate | 0.7% ( 0.7 % ) | 0.8% ( 0.8 % ) | 1.7% ( 1.7 % )
dividend yield | 3.2% ( 3.2 % ) | 3.2% ( 3.2 % ) | 2.7% ( 2.7 % )
expected life ( in years ) | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4
contractual life ( in years ) | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0
.

Question: what was the growth of the weighted-average estimated fair values of stock options granted from 2012 to 2013
Answer: 10.5%
Calculation: subtract(5.27, 4.77), divide(#0, 4.77)
6. Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following components at June 30, 2019 and 2018:
If the FIFO method of inventory had been used instead of the LIFO method, inventories would have been $178.4 million and $210.3 million higher as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Current cost of LIFO-valued inventories was $793.0 million at June 30, 2019 and $760.8 million at June 30, 2018. The reductions in LIFO-valued inventories decreased cost of sales by $0.0 million during fiscal year 2019 and $0.6 million during fiscal year 2018 and $0.0 million during fiscal year 2017.
Table:
 | June 30, | 
($ in millions) | 2019 | 2018
Raw materials and supplies | $169.8 | $157.5
Work in process | 425.7 | 372.5
Finished and purchased products | 192.2 | 159.2
Total inventory | $787.7 | $689.2


Question: What was the change in Raw materials and supplies in 2019 from 2018?
Answer: 12.3
Calculation: 169.8-157.5
Research and Development (“R&D”), Sales and Marketing, and General and Administrative (“G&A”) Expenses
R&D, sales and marketing, and G&A expenses are summarized in the following table (in millions, except percentages):
R&D Expenses R&D expenses increased due to higher headcount-related expenses and, to a lesser extent, higher acquisition-related costs, higher contracted services and higher discretionary spending.
We continue to invest in R&D in order to bring a broad range of products to market in a timely fashion. If we believe that we are unable to enter a particular market in a timely manner with internally developed products, we may purchase or license technology from other businesses, or we may partner with or acquire businesses as an alternative to internal R&D.
Sales and Marketing Expenses Sales and marketing expenses increased due to higher headcount-related expenses, higher discretionary spending and, to a lesser extent, higher contracted services and higher acquisition-related costs, partially offset by lower share-based compensation expense.
G&A Expenses G&A expenses decreased due to a benefit from the $400 million litigation settlement with Arista Networks and lower contracted services, partially offset by higher discretionary spending and higher headcount-related expenses.
Effect of Foreign Currency In fiscal 2019, foreign currency fluctuations, net of hedging, decreased the combined R&D, sales and marketing, and G&A expenses by approximately $233 million, or 1.3%, compared with fiscal 2018. In fiscal 2018, foreign currency fluctuations, net of hedging, increased the combined R&D, sales and marketing, and G&A expenses by approximately $93 million, or 0.5%, compared with fiscal 2017.
Table:
 |  | Years Ended |  |  | 
 | July 27, 2019 | July 28, 2018 | July 29, 2017 | Variance in Dollars | Variance in Percent
Research and development | $ 6,577 | $ 6,332 | $6,059 | $245 | 4%
Percentage of revenue | 12.7% | 12.8% | 12.6% |  | 
Sales and marketing | 9,571 | 9,242 | 9,184 | 329 | 4%
Percentage of revenue | 18.4% | 18.7% | 19.1% |  | 
General and administrative | 1,827 | 2,144 | 1,993 | (317) | (15)%
Percentage of revenue | 3.5% | 4.3% | 4.2% |  | 
Total | $17,975 | $17,718 | $17,236 | $257 | 1%
Percentage of revenue | 34.6% | 35.9% | 35.9% |  | 


Question: What was the change in the research and development expense between 2017 and 2018?
Answer: 273
Calculation: 6,332-6,059
Other non-current assets (in millions):
During fiscal 2019, we formed a joint venture with Lenovo (Beijing) Information Technology Ltd. (“Lenovo”) in China and, in February 2019, contributed assets to the newly formed entity, Lenovo NetApp Technology Limited (“LNTL”), in exchange for a non-controlling 49% equity interest. The group of assets we contributed and derecognized met the definition of a business and included cash, fixed assets, customer relationships and an allocation of goodwill, with an aggregate book value of $7 million. The fair value of our equity interest in LNTL was determined using discounted cash flow techniques to be $80 million, resulting in a non-cash gain of $73 million. We accounted for our ownership interest as an equity method investment and have presented it in Other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheet as of April 26, 2019. LNTL will be integral to our sales channels strategy in China, acting as a distributor of our offerings to customers headquartered there, and involved in certain OEM sales to Lenovo. It will also endeavor to localize our products and services, and to develop new joint offerings for the China market by leveraging NetApp and Lenovo technologies.
Table:
 | April 26, 2019 | April 26, 2018
Deferred tax assets | $201 | $229
Other assets | 389 | 221
Other non-current assets | $ 590 | $ 450


Question: What was the change in the amount of Other assets between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: 168
Calculation: 389-221
5. Balance Sheet Components
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue relates to performance obligations for which payments have been received by the customer prior to revenue recognition. Deferred revenue primarily consists of deferred software, or amounts allocated to mobile dashboard and on-line apps and unspecified upgrade rights. Deferred revenue also includes deferred subscription-based services. The deferred software and deferred subscription-based service performance obligations are anticipated to be recognized over the useful life or service periods of one to eighteen months.
Changes in the total short-term and long-term deferred revenue balance were as follows (in thousands):
Table:
 |  | December 31, | 
 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017
Beginning balances | $36,836 | $42,432 | $49,904
Deferral of revenue | 45,040 | 40,003 | 46,193
Recognition of deferred revenue | (41,034) | (45,599) | (53,665)
Ending balances | $40,842 | $36,836 | $42,432


Question: What is the beginning balance as of December 31, 2019?
Answer: $36,836