목신의 오후에의 전주곡

《목신의 오후에의 전주곡 L. 86》()은 클로드 드뷔시의 교향시이다. 약 10분 길이이며, 이 작품은 1894년에 작곡되었고 Gustave Doret가 지휘 아래 같은 해 12월 22일 파리에서 초연되었다.
개요.
스테판 말라르메의 시 〈목신의 오후〉()에서 영감을 받았다. 드뷔시의 가장 유명한 작품 중 하나로 서양 음악사의 전환점으로 여겨진다. 피에르 불레즈는 이 작품을 현대 음악의 시작으로 간주하면서 "목신의 플루트가 음악 예술에 새로운 숨결을 불어넣었다"고 평가했다.
악기 편성.
플루트 3, 오보에 2, 잉글리시 호른, 클라리넷 2(가 및 내림 나조), 바순 2, 호른 4, 하프 2, 크로탈 2, 현악기
가락.
\relative c' {
 \clef treble \time 9/8 \key e \major
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo "Très modéré" 4. = 36
 \override Score.SpacingSpanner #'common-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute"
 \stemDown cis'4.~(^"Flute"\p cis8~_\markup \italic "doux et expressif" cis16 \set stemRightBeamCount = #1 b \times 2/3 { \set stemLeftBeamCount = #1 ais16 a gis } g8. a16 b bis) | cis4.~( cis8~ cis16 \set stemRightBeamCount = #1 b \times 2/3 { \set stemLeftBeamCount = #1 ais16 a gis } g8. a16 b bis) | \override DynamicLineSpanner.staff-padding = #3 cis8(\&lt; dis gis e4 gis,8 b4.~\! | b8\&gt; b cis ais4)\!
&lt;/score&gt;
\new PianoStaff «
 \new Staff \relative c' {
 \clef treble \time 9/8 \key e \major
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4. = 36
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #4 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "french horn"
 \once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
 r4 r8 r8 e4~-&gt;(\p^"Horn" e8e4-- |
 \time 6/8
 « { \dynamicUp f16(\&lt; bes aes4\&gt;)~ aes4.\! } \\ { r8 r16 c,([\p\&lt; d8)~] d16(\&gt; c d4\!) } »
 \new Staff \relative c' {
 \clef treble \time 9/8 \key e \major
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
 \once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
 r4 r8 &lt;ais' gis e cis&gt;2.\p\&gt;^"Winds" |
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
 \time 6/8 \clef bass
 \once \override TextScript #'self-alignment-X = #-1.6
 &lt;bes, aes d, f, bes,&gt;\pp_"Strings/Harp"
»
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' {
 \clef treble \time 12/8 \key e \major
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4. = 44
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #28 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "flute"
 \times 2/3 {gis"16(^"Flute"\f ais \set stemRightBeamCount = #1 gis} \times 2/3 {\set stemLeftBeamCount = #1 fis gis \set stemRightBeamCount = #1 fis} \times 2/3 {\set stemLeftBeamCount = #1 dis e dis)} cis( dis ais4)~ ais8
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" } {
 \clef treble \time 12/8 \key e \major
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4. = 36
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
 \partial 8*3 eis4(\&lt;^"Clarinet"\p fis8)\! |
 \once \override Score.BarNumber #'break-visibility = ##(#f #t #t)
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #31 \bar "|"
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' {
 \clef treble \time 3/4 \key e \major
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo "En animant" 4 = 64
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #37 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
 cis'8^"Oboe"(_\markup \italic "doux et expressif" b16 gis fis4~ fis16 b cis gis') | fis( dis e cis b gis fis b cis8 b16 gis) | gis(\cresc b b8)~ b16( d d8)~ d16( b cis d) |
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "violin"
 gis^"Violin" ( b b8)~ b16( d d8)~ d16( b cis d)\!
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" } {
 \clef treble \time 3/4 \key des \major
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo \markup \concat { "Même mouv" \raise #.5 t \translate #'(-0.8 . 0) "." "et très soutenu" } 4 = 56
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #55 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
 aes"2(^"Woodwinds"\p_\markup \italic "expressif et très soutenu" f4 | ees4. des8~\&lt; des[ f,)\!] | bes'4(~--\mf bes8 aes4 f8 | ees4~ ees8 des4 ces8)
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" } {
 \clef treble \key des \major \time 3/4
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo "Toujours animé" 4 = 56
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #67 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
 \override TextSpanner #'(bound-details left text) = \markup \italic "cresc. molto"
 \textSpannerDown
 bes'16(^"Strings"\mp des des8)~_\startTextSpan des16( c c8)~ c16 bes(\&lt; c des) | \times 2/3 {ees16(\! f \set stemRightBeamCount = #1 ees} \times 2/3 {\set stemLeftBeamCount = #1 des ees des)\stopTextSpan} \stemDown c8~(\( bes~) bes16 aes ges aes\)
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' {
 \clef treble \time 4/4 \key a \minor
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo "Un peu plus animé" 4 = 56
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #83 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "oboe"
 r8 g'--~\p^"Oboe" g[ g\startTrillSpan\sfz\&gt;] \slashedGrace a8(\stopTrillSpan g16)\! fis-. f-. e-. e8--\&lt; e32 f( fis g) | g16-.\p
&lt;/score&gt;
\relative c' {
 \clef treble \key e \major \time 12/8
 \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo "Très lent et très retenu jusqu’à la fin" 4. = 36 % This marking is one measure earlier than the excerpt
 \set Score.currentBarNumber = #107 \bar ""
 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "string ensemble 1"
 &lt;gis' e b&gt;4.(~ &lt;gis e b&gt;8. &lt;g ees c&gt;16 &lt;fis d a&gt; &lt;f des bes&gt;) &lt;e c g&gt;4.(~ &lt;e c g&gt;8. &lt;f des aes&gt;16 &lt;fis d a&gt; &lt;g ees c&gt;) | &lt;cis gis e ais,&gt;2. &lt;e b gis e b&gt;
&lt;/score&gt;