New_York_City

qas: question: What city in the United States has the highest population?
answers: text: New York

question: In what city is the United Nations based?
answers: text: New York

question: What city has been called the cultural capital of the world?
answers: text: New York

question: What American city welcomes the largest number of legal immigrants?
answers: text: New York

question: The major gateway for immigration has been which US city?
answers: text: New York City

question: The most populated city in the United States is which city?
answers: text: New York City
context: New York—often called New York City or the City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part—is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York metropolitan area, the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States and one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. A global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term New York minute. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world.

qas: question: How many boroughs comprise New York City?
answers: text: five

question: In what year were the five boroughs combined into one city?
answers: text: 1898

question: In 2014, what did the census estimate the population of New York City to be?
answers: text: 8,491,079

question: What is the size of New York City in square miles?
answers: text: 305

question: What is the population of New York's Combined Statistical Area?
answers: text: 23.6 million

question: How man boroughs does New York City contain?
answers: text: five

question: The five boroughs of New York City are named what?
answers: text: Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island

question: All five boroughs of New York City formed into one city on what date?
answers: text: 1898

question: What is the population of New York City as of 2014?
answers: text: 8,491,079

question: How many languages are spoken by the people of New York City?
answers: text: 800
context: Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively.

qas: question: What was the trading post that preceded New York City called?
answers: text: New Amsterdam

question: What nation founded New Amsterdam?
answers: text: the Dutch Republic

question: In what year did New York become the largest city in the United States?
answers: text: 1790

question: When did the English take over the area from the Dutch?
answers: text: 1664

question: In what year did New York cease the be the capital of the United States?
answers: text: 1790

question: When was New York City established?
answers: text: 1624

question: New Amsterdam became the title of New York City in what past date?
answers: text: 1626

question: The English occupied New York City beginning on what date?
answers: text: 1664

question: New York City is the biggest city in the United States since what historical date?
answers: text: 1790
context: New York City traces its roots to its 1624 founding as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664. New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the country's largest city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a globally recognized symbol of the United States and its democracy.

qas: question: How many tourists visited New York in 2014?
answers: text: 56 million

question: How many stations are operated by the New York City Subway?
answers: text: 469

question: In what borough is Wall Street located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: How many school and universities are in NYC?
answers: text: 120

question: NYC has the two largest stock exchanges in the world which are called what?
answers: text: New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ
context: Many districts and landmarks in New York City have become well known, and the city received a record 56 million tourists in 2014, hosting three of the world's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world. Times Square, iconic as the world's "heart" and its "Crossroads", is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry. The names of many of the city's bridges, skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Manhattan's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world. Manhattan's Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 469 stations in operation. New York City's higher education network comprises over 120 colleges and universities, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world.

qas: question: What island was once a part of Long Island?
answers: text: Staten Island

question: During what period was the area around New York City located at the edge of an ice sheet 1,000 feet deep?
answers: text: the Wisconsinan glaciation

question: Long Island and Staten Island were split in half by what geographical phenomenon?
answers: text: ice sheet
context: During the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the geologic foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, the ice sheet would help split apart what are now Long Island and Staten Island.

qas: question: What was the name of the Lenape homeland?
answers: text: Lenapehoking
context: In the precolonial era, the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by various bands of Algonquian tribes of Native Americans, including the Lenape, whose homeland, known as Lenapehoking, included Staten Island; the western portion of Long Island, including the area that would become Brooklyn and Queens; Manhattan; the Bronx; and the Lower Hudson Valley.

qas: question: In what year did the first European arrive in the New York area?
answers: text: 1524

question: What was the name of the first European who arrived in the New York area?
answers: text: Giovanni da Verrazzano

question: What was the name of Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship?
answers: text: La Dauphine

question: What nation did Giovanni da Verrazzano serve?
answers: text: France

question: What did Giovanni da Verrazzano call the area when he staked claim on it?
answers: text: Nouvelle Angoulême

question: When was the first European to visit the area of NYC?
answers: text: 1524

question: Giovanni da Verrazzano's ship that sailed to New York was named what?
answers: text: La Dauphine

question: Giovani da Verrazzano was an explorer from which country?
answers: text: France
context: The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown, who sailed his ship La Dauphine into New York Harbor. He claimed the area for France and named it "Nouvelle Angoulême" (New Angoulême).

qas: question: In what year did a Spanish expedition visit New York Harbor?
answers: text: 1525

question: Who commanded the Spanish expedition?
answers: text: Estêvão Gomes

question: What was the nationality of Estêvão Gomes?
answers: text: Portuguese

question: What monarch did Estêvão Gomes serve?
answers: text: Charles V

question: What was the name of Estêvão Gomes's ship?
answers: text: La Anunciada

question: The front of the Hudson River was named what by Estevao Gomes?
answers: text: Rio de San Antonio

question: What was the first map to show the whole North American East coast?
answers: text: Padrón Real
context: A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 aboard the purpose-built caravel "La Anunciada" and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Rio de San Antonio. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August. The first scientific map to show the North American East coast continuously, the 1527 world map known as the Padrón Real, was informed by Gomes' expedition, and labeled the Northeast as Tierra de Esteban Gómez in his honor.

qas: question: What was the name of the explorer who visited the area in 1609?
answers: text: Henry Hudson

question: Who was Henry Hudson working for?
answers: text: Dutch East India Company

question: In what year did the Netherlands claim the area between Delaware Bay and Cape Cod?
answers: text: 1614

question: How many days did Henry Hudson spend exploring the region?
answers: text: ten

question: What did Henry Hudson call the river that is now called the Hudson River?
answers: text: North River

question: Henry Hudson worked for which company in the 1600s?
answers: text: Dutch East India Company

question: In what year was the land between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay claimed by the Dutch?
answers: text: 1614

question: Which explorer sailed his ship into New York harbor in 1609?
answers: text: Henry Hudson
context: In 1609, English explorer Henry Hudson re-discovered the region when he sailed his ship the Halve Maen ("Half Moon" in Dutch) into New York Harbor while searching for the Northwest Passage to the Orient for his employer, the Dutch East India Company. He proceeded to sail up what he named the North River, also called the Mauritis River, and now known as the Hudson River, to the site of the present-day New York State capital of Albany in the belief that it might represent an oceanic tributary. When the river narrowed and was no longer saline, he realized it was not a maritime passage and sailed back downriver. He made a ten-day exploration of the area and claimed the region for his employer. In 1614, the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay would be claimed by the Netherlands and called Nieuw-Nederland (New Netherland).

qas: question: Where was Juan Rodriguez born?
answers: text: Santo Domingo

question: What did the Dutch call Juan Rodriguez?
answers: text: Jan Rodrigues

question: What was Juan Rodriguez's occupation?
answers: text: trader

question: What is the street that is named after Juan Rodriguez?
answers: text: Juan Rodriguez Way

question: During what season did Juan Rodriguez first come to New York?
answers: text: winter

question: Who was the first non-Indian person to live in what is now NYC?
answers: text: Juan Rodriguez

question: Which street in NYC today is now named after Juan Rodriguez?
answers: text: Broadway, from 159th Street to 218th Street
context: The first non-Native American inhabitant of what would eventually become New York City was Dominican trader Juan Rodriguez (transliterated to Dutch as Jan Rodrigues). Born in Santo Domingo of Portuguese and African descent, he arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–1614, trapping for pelts and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch. Broadway, from 159th Street to 218th Street, is named Juan Rodriguez Way in his honor.

qas: question: On what island did the Dutch set up a settlement to trade furs?
answers: text: Governors Island

question: On what island was Fort Amsterdam built?
answers: text: Manhattan Island

question: In what year did construction begin on Fort Amsterdam?
answers: text: 1625

question: What person bought Manhattan from the Canarsie for the Dutch?
answers: text: Peter Minuit

question: In what year did the Dutch buy Manhattan?
answers: text: 1626

question: New Netherland established a permanent European presence in what year?
answers: text: 1624

question: What year did building begin of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island?
answers: text: 1625

question: What was the myth that Manhattan was bought for by General Peter Minuit ?
answers: text: glass beads
context: A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 – making New York the 12th oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement in the continental United States  – with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on a citadel and a Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam). The colony of New Amsterdam was centered at the site which would eventually become Lower Manhattan. The Dutch colonial Director-General Peter Minuit purchased the island of Manhattan from the Canarsie, a small band of the Lenape, in 1626 for a value of 60 guilders (about $1000 in 2006); a disproved legend says that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.

qas: question: What did the English call New Amsterdam after its capture?
answers: text: New York

question: What was the regnal name of the Duke of York?
answers: text: James II

question: What person gave up New Amsterdam to the English?
answers: text: Peter Stuyvesant

question: What was Peter Stuyvesant's title?
answers: text: Director-General

question: In what year did the English take over New Amsterdam?
answers: text: 1664

question: Who gave up New Amsterdam to the English without a fight in 1664?
answers: text: Peter Stuyvesant
context: In 1664, Peter Stuyvesant, the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland, surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed. The English promptly renamed the fledgling city "New York" after the Duke of York (later King James II).

qas: question: What was the regnal name of the Prince of Orange?
answers: text: William III

question: What was the date of Anthonio Colve's capture of New York?
answers: text: August 24, 1673

question: What did Colve call New York after he captured it?
answers: text: New Orange

question: In what year did the Dutch give New York back to the English?
answers: text: 1674

question: August 24, 1673 is when which Dutch officer  took control of NYC?
answers: text: Anthonio Colve

question: The Dutch gave back the island to which country in 1674 after their trade routes had been destroyed?
answers: text: England

question: New York was called New Orange for a period based off which historical figure?
answers: text: King William III
context: On August 24, 1673, Dutch captain Anthonio Colve took over the colony of New York from England and rechristened it "New Orange" to honor the Prince of Orange, King William III. However, facing defeat from the British and French, who had teamed up to destroy Dutch trading routes, the Dutch returned the island to England in 1674.

qas: question: After what war did the English receive New Amsterdam?
answers: text: Second Anglo-Dutch War

question: How many Lenape lived in the area in 1700?
answers: text: 200

question: What was the name of the island the English traded to the Dutch in return for New Amsterdam?
answers: text: Run

question: In 1700, the Lenape Native American population had dwindled to how many?
answers: text: 200

question: After which war did England gain New York in exchange for Run, an Indonesian island?
answers: text: Second Anglo-Dutch War
context: At the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the English gained New Amsterdam (New York) in North America in exchange for Dutch control of Run, an Indonesian island. Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and some epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizable population losses for the Lenape between the years 1660 and 1670. By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.

qas: question: In 1730, what percentage of New York households were slave-holding?
answers: text: 42%

question: In 1730, what American city had the highest percentage of slaveholders?
answers: text: Charleston, South Carolina

question: Near what square was the African Burial Ground unearthed?
answers: text: Foley Square

question: What was being built that resulted in the discovery of the African Burial Ground?
answers: text: courthouse

question: Which city in North America held the most slaves in the 1700s?
answers: text: Charleston, South Carolina

question: When was as African burial ground discovered after the building of new courthouse?
answers: text: 1990s
context: New York grew in importance as a trading port while under British rule in the early 1700s. It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, more than any other city other than Charleston, South Carolina. Most slaveholders held a few or several domestic slaves, but others hired them out to work at labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banks and shipping tied to the South. Discovery of the African Burying Ground in the 1990s, during construction of a new federal courthouse near Foley Square, revealed that tens of thousands of Africans had been buried in the area in the colonial years.

qas: question: In what year was John Peter Zenger tried?
answers: text: 1735

question: On what island did Zenger's trial occur?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: In what year was Columbia University chartered?
answers: text: 1754

question: Under what king did the founding of Columbia University occur?
answers: text: George II

question: What was the original name of Columbia University?
answers: text: King's College

question: Which trial in Manhatten helped establish the right of freedom of the press?
answers: text: John Peter Zenger

question: Columbia University of New York was founded in what year?
answers: text: 1754

question: The Stamp Act Congress had a meeting in 1765 in which US city?
answers: text: New York
context: The trial in Manhattan of John Peter Zenger in 1735 helped to establish the freedom of the press in North America. In 1754, Columbia University was founded under charter by King George II as King's College in Lower Manhattan. The Stamp Act Congress met in New York in October 1765 as the Sons of Liberty organized in the city, skirmishing over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.

qas: question: What was the biggest battle of the American Revolution?
answers: text: Battle of Long Island

question: In what borough did the Battle of Long Island occur?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: In what month and year was the Battle of Long Island fought?
answers: text: August 1776

question: About how many escaped slaves were in New York during the time the British occupied it?
answers: text: 10,000

question: In what year did the American Revolutionary War end?
answers: text: 1783

question: Which battle was the largest battle of the American Revolutionary war?
answers: text: The Battle of Long Island

question: Which borough of New York was the Battle of Long Island fought?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: When did the English army start to retreat and evacuate NYC during the Battle of Long Island?
answers: text: 1783
context: The Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the American Revolutionary War, was fought in August 1776 entirely within the modern-day borough of Brooklyn. After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, leaving subsequent smaller armed engagements following in its wake, the city became the British military and political base of operations in North America. The city was a haven for Loyalist refugees, as well as escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom newly promised by the Crown for all fighters. As many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation. When the British forces evacuated at the close of the war in 1783, they transported 3,000 freedmen for resettlement in Nova Scotia. They resettled other freedmen in England and the Caribbean.

qas: question: On what date did the peace conference on Staten Island occur?
answers: text: September 11, 1776

question: Who was the British representative at the Conference House meeting?
answers: text: Lord Howe

question: What notable catastrophe took place under the British occupation?
answers: text: Great Fire of New York

question: In what modern-day borough did the Great Fire happen?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What noted religious building was destroyed in the Great Fire?
answers: text: Trinity Church

question: Who was the English general who met with Benjamin Franklin on Septermber 11, 1776?
answers: text: Lord Howe

question: Which natural disaster happened after English occupation of Lower Manhattan?
answers: text: the Great Fire of New York
context: The only attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the Conference House on Staten Island between American delegates, including Benjamin Franklin, and British general Lord Howe on September 11, 1776. Shortly after the British occupation began, the Great Fire of New York occurred, a large conflagration on the West Side of Lower Manhattan, which destroyed about a quarter of the buildings in the city, including Trinity Church.

qas: question: In what year did New York become the United States capital?
answers: text: 1785

question: Who was the United States' first President?
answers: text: George Washington

question: In what building did the Supreme Court of the United States first sit?
answers: text: Federal Hall

question: On what street did the writing of the Bill of Rights occur?
answers: text: Wall Street

question: What was the second largest city in the United States in 1790?
answers: text: Philadelphia

question: Which organization made New York the national capital in 1785?
answers: text: Congress of the Confederation

question: New York City became the first what under the new Constitution of the United States?
answers: text: capital

question: The first president, George Washington, took office in what year?
answers: text: 1789

question: By which year, did New York City become the largest city in the United States?
answers: text: 1790
context: In 1785, the assembly of the Congress of the Confederation made New York the national capital shortly after the war. New York was the last capital of the U.S. under the Articles of Confederation and the first capital under the Constitution of the United States. In 1789, the first President of the United States, George Washington, was inaugurated; the first United States Congress and the Supreme Court of the United States each assembled for the first time, and the United States Bill of Rights was drafted, all at Federal Hall on Wall Street. By 1790, New York had surpassed Philadelphia as the largest city in the United States.

qas: question: In what year did the state of New York pass a law to free the slaves?
answers: text: 1799

question: What borough was home to a notable population of free African-Americans?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: Along with John Jay, who founded the New York Manumission Society?
answers: text: Alexander Hamilton

question: In what year did the state of New York eliminate slavery?
answers: text: 1827

question: In 1840, about how many African-Americans lived in New York City?
answers: text: 16,000

question: The gradual abolition act in New York was formed in what year?
answers: text: 1799

question: When was slavery completely outlawed in the state of New York?
answers: text: 1827
context: Under New York State's gradual abolition act of 1799, children of slave mothers were born to be eventually liberated but were held in indentured servitude until their mid-to-late twenties. Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-black population gradually developed in Manhattan. Under such influential United States founders as Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, the New York Manumission Society worked for abolition and established the African Free School to educate black children. It was not until 1827 that slavery was completely abolished in the state, and free blacks struggled afterward with discrimination. New York interracial abolitionist activism continued; among its leaders were graduates of the African Free School. The city's black population reached more than 16,000 in 1840.

qas: question: What plan of 1811 spread a grid of streets across Manhattan?
answers: text: Commissioners' Plan

question: In what year did the Erie Canal finish building?
answers: text: 1825

question: What political machine controlled New York politics in this era?
answers: text: Tammany Hall

question: Along with German immigrants, immigrants of what nationality supported Tammany Hall?
answers: text: Irish

question: The Erie Canal was finished being built in what year?
answers: text: 1825
context: In the 19th century, the city was transformed by development relating to its status as a trading center, as well as by European immigration. The city adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, which expanded the city street grid to encompass all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the Erie Canal through central New York connected the Atlantic port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the Great Lakes. Local politics became dominated by Tammany Hall, a political machine supported by Irish and German immigrants.

qas: question: What was the name of the first urban landscaped park in the United States?
answers: text: Central Park

question: In what year was Central Park founded?
answers: text: 1857

question: Central park, in 1857, became the first park in America to become what?
answers: text: first landscaped
context: Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including William Cullen Bryant, Washington Irving, Herman Melville, Rufus Wilmot Griswold, John Keese, Nathaniel Parker Willis, and Edgar Allan Poe. Public-minded members of the contemporaneous business elite lobbied for the establishment of Central Park, which in 1857 became the first landscaped park in an American city.

qas: question: What event brought many Irish immigrants to the United States?
answers: text: Great Irish Famine

question: In 1860, approximately how many people of Irish extraction were in New York?
answers: text: 200,000

question: In 1860, what fraction of the city population was composed of Irish immigrants?
answers: text: a quarter

question: In 1860, what percentage of the city population was composed of German immigrants?
answers: text: 25%

question: What events provoked the immigration of people from Germany?
answers: text: revolutions

question: Which event brought upon a lot of Irish immigrants to NYC?
answers: text: Great Irish Famine

question: How many immigrants that were Irish were living in New York in 1860?
answers: text: Over 200,000
context: The Great Irish Famine brought a large influx of Irish immigrants. Over 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, upwards of a quarter of the city's population. There was also extensive immigration from the German provinces, where revolutions had disrupted societies, and Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.

qas: question: Who was the mayor of New York City in 1861? 
answers: text: Fernando Wood

question: What was the commutation fee to avoid being conscripted during the American Civil War?
answers: text: $300

question: People of what ethnicity most visibly participated in the Draft Riots of 1863?
answers: text: Irish

question: About how many people died during the Draft Riots of 1863?
answers: text: 120

question: What was the approximate African-American population of New York City in 1865?
answers: text: 10,000

question: The Draft Riots caused which building to burn down in 1863?
answers: text: Colored Orphan Asylum
context: Democratic Party candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor Fernando Wood called on the aldermen to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on. Anger at new military conscription laws during the American Civil War (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to pay a $300 (equivalent to $5,766 in 2016) commutation fee to hire a substitute, led to the Draft Riots of 1863, whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class. The situation deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on black New Yorkers and their property after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and blacks for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground, but more than 200 children escaped harm due to efforts of the New York City Police Department, which was mainly made up of Irish immigrants. According to historian James M. McPherson (2001), at least 120 people were killed. In all, eleven black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of blacks to flee the city for Williamsburg, Brooklyn, as well as New Jersey; the black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865, which it had last been in 1820. The white working class had established dominance. Violence by longshoremen against black men was especially fierce in the docks area. It was one of the worst incidents of civil unrest in American history.

qas: question: In what year was the modern City of New York founded?
answers: text: 1898

question: In what year did the subway begin operation?
answers: text: 1904

question: Portions of what modern-day borough were included in the County of New York?
answers: text: the Bronx

question: The subway of New York was first available in what year?
answers: text: 1904
context: In 1898, the modern City of New York was formed with the consolidation of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens. The opening of the subway in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.

qas: question: In what year did the General Slocum disaster occur?
answers: text: 1904

question: How many people died on the General Slocum?
answers: text: 1,021

question: In what building did the city's deadliest industrial disaster occur?
answers: text: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory

question: How many people died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?
answers: text: 146

question: The growth of what organization was prompted by the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?
answers: text: International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union

question: A catastrophe in 1911 that killed 146 workers was called what?
answers: text: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire
context: In 1904, the steamship General Slocum caught fire in the East River, killing 1,021 people on board. In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the city's worst industrial disaster, took the lives of 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and major improvements in factory safety standards.

qas: question: How many non-white people lived in New York in 1890?
answers: text: 36,620

question: What was the name of the Prohibition-era African-American cultural flourishing in New York?
answers: text: Harlem Renaissance

question: What was the population of people in New York that were not Caucasian in 1890?
answers: text: 36,620
context: New York's non-white population was 36,620 in 1890. New York City was a prime destination in the early twentieth century for African Americans during the Great Migration from the American South, and by 1916, New York City was home to the largest urban African diaspora in North America. The Harlem Renaissance of literary and cultural life flourished during the era of Prohibition. The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height and creating an identifiable skyline.

qas: question: In the early 1920s, what was the second most highly populated city in the world?
answers: text: London

question: What is the term for a city with a population of over 10 million?
answers: text: megacity

question: Who was mayor of New York during the Great Depression?
answers: text: Fiorello La Guardia

question: For about how many years did Tammany Hall control New York political life?
answers: text: eighty

question: In the 1930s, New York City had more than 10 million people becoming the first what in history?
answers: text: megacity
context: New York became the most populous urbanized area in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking London. The metropolitan area surpassed the 10 million mark in the early 1930s, becoming the first megacity in human history. The difficult years of the Great Depression saw the election of reformer Fiorello La Guardia as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.

qas: question: When was construction finished on the United Nations Headquarters?
answers: text: 1952

question: Prior to New York, what city was the center of the world of art?
answers: text: Paris

question: What artistic movement caused New York to overtake Paris as the global art center?
answers: text: abstract expressionism

question: The headquarters what organization was done being build in 1952 in New York?
answers: text: United Nations
context: Returning World War II veterans created a post-war economic boom and the development of large housing tracts in eastern Queens. New York emerged from the war unscathed as the leading city of the world, with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The United Nations Headquarters was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global geopolitical influence, and the rise of abstract expressionism in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.

qas: question: The Stonewall riots are named after what building?
answers: text: the Stonewall Inn

question: In what neighborhood did the Stonewall riots occur?
answers: text: Greenwich Village

question: On what date did the Stonewall riots take place?
answers: text: June 28, 1969

question: In what borough did the Stonewall riots happen?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What event provoked the Stonewall riots?
answers: text: a police raid

question: Where did the Stonewall riots happen?
answers: text: Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan
context: The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan. They are widely considered to constitute the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in the United States.

qas: question: In what year did the population of New York first reach an all-time high in this period?
answers: text: 2000

question: In what year did the population of New York reach an all-time high for the second time in this period?
answers: text: 2010

question: What was the name of a new sector of the New York economy that appeared in the 1990s?
answers: text: Silicon Alley

question: In what decade did the crime rate drop significantly?
answers: text: 1990s

question: In what decade was there a significant decline in industrial jobs?
answers: text: 1970s

question: Which decade did massive job losses happen in NYC due to industrial issues?
answers: text: 1970s
context: In the 1970s, job losses due to industrial restructuring caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates. While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s. By the mid 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in the city's economy. New York's population reached all-time highs in the 2000 Census and then again in the 2010 Census.

qas: question: What was the name of the aircraft that crashed into the World Trade Center's North Tower on September 11, 2001?
answers: text: American Airlines Flight 11

question: What was the name of the aircraft that crashed into the World Trade Center's South Tower on September 11, 2001?
answers: text: United Airlines Flight 175

question: How many firefighters died in the World Trade Center attack?
answers: text: 343

question: On what date did the World Trade Center PATH begin operation?
answers: text: July 19, 1909

question: How tall is One World Trade Center in meters?
answers: text: 541.3

question: The Hudson Terminal which was also demolished was build in what year?
answers: text: 1909

question: How many leader terrorists of Al Quada were involved with the 9/11 attacks directly that day?
answers: text: 10

question: What was the plane named that crashed into the World Trade Center?
answers: text: American Airlines Flight 11
context: The city and surrounding area suffered the bulk of the economic damage and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks when 10 of the 19 terrorists associated with Al-Qaeda piloted American Airlines Flight 11 into the North Tower of the World Trade Center and United Airlines Flight 175 into the South Tower of the World Trade Center, and later destroyed them, killing 2,192 civilians, 343 firefighters, and 71 law enforcement officers who were in the towers and in the surrounding area. The rebuilding of the area, has created a new One World Trade Center, and a 9/11 memorial and museum along with other new buildings and infrastructure. The World Trade Center PATH station, which opened on July 19, 1909 as the Hudson Terminal, was also destroyed in the attack. A temporary station was built and opened on November 23, 2003. A permanent station, the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, is currently under construction. The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere and the fourth-tallest building in the world by pinnacle height, with its spire reaching a symbolic 1,776 feet (541.3 m) in reference to the year of American independence.

qas: question: On what date did the Occupy Wall Street protests commence?
answers: text: September 17, 2011

question: In what park did the Occupy Wall Street protests occur?
answers: text: Zuccotti Park

question: In what borough did the Occupy Wall Street protests take place?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: In what district of Manhattan were the Occupy Wall Street protests?
answers: text: Financial District

question: The Occupy Wall Street protests that took place in Zuccotti Park was on which date?
answers: text: September 17, 2011
context: The Occupy Wall Street protests in Zuccotti Park in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and spawning the Occupy movement against social and economic inequality worldwide.

qas: question: What individual established the National Review?
answers: text: William F. Buckley, Jr.

question: In what year was the National Review founded?
answers: text: 1955

question: What public figure defended New York in January 2016?
answers: text: Donald Trump

question: A presidential candidate from what party derided the city for its liberalism?
answers: text: Republican
context: When one Republican presidential candidate for the 2016 election ridiculed the liberalism of "New York values" in January 2016, Donald Trump, leading in the polls, vigorously defended his city. The National Review, a conservative magazine published in the city since its founding by William F. Buckley, Jr. in 1955, commented, "By hearkening back to New York's heart after 9/11, for a moment Trump transcended politics. How easily we forget, but for weeks after the terror attacks, New York was America."

qas: question: In what geographical region of the United States is New York City located?
answers: text: Northeastern

question: In what geographical region of New York state is New York City located?
answers: text: southeastern

question: New York City is about half the distance between Washington DC and what city?
answers: text: Boston

question: New York City is adjacent to what ocean?
answers: text: Atlantic

question: What river is New York City located on?
answers: text: Hudson River

question: New York City is at the base of which American river?
answers: text: Hudson

question: The Hudson River flows into which body of water?
answers: text: Atlantic Ocean

question: The three islands that make up New York city are named what?
answers: text: Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.
context: New York City is situated in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River, which feeds into a naturally sheltered harbor and then into the Atlantic Ocean, has helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Most of New York City is built on the three islands of Long Island, Manhattan, and Staten Island.

qas: question: The Hudson River serves as a dividing line between New York and what state?
answers: text: New Jersey

question: What river flows between the Hudson and East Rivers?
answers: text: Harlem River

question: What is the city's sole fresh water river?
answers: text: Bronx River

question: Into what body of water does the Hudson River terminate?
answers: text: New York Bay

question: Between New York City and what city is the Hudson River an estuary?
answers: text: Troy, New York

question: The Hudson River separates NYC from which US state?
answers: text: New Jersey

question: The single only freshwater river in NYC is what river?
answers: text: The Bronx River

question: Which river seperates The Bronx from Manhatten?
answers: text: The Harlem River
context: The Hudson River flows through the Hudson Valley into New York Bay. Between New York City and Troy, New York, the river is an estuary. The Hudson River separates the city from the U.S. state of New Jersey. The East River—a tidal strait—flows from Long Island Sound and separates the Bronx and Manhattan from Long Island. The Harlem River, another tidal strait between the East and Hudson Rivers, separates most of Manhattan from the Bronx. The Bronx River, which flows through the Bronx and Westchester County, is the only entirely fresh water river in the city.

qas: question: What Manhattan development is the product of land reclamation?
answers: text: Battery Park City
context: The city's land has been altered substantially by human intervention, with considerable land reclamation along the waterfronts since Dutch colonial times; reclamation is most prominent in Lower Manhattan, with developments such as Battery Park City in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the natural relief in topography has been evened out, especially in Manhattan.

qas: question: What is the total area of New York City in square miles?
answers: text: 468.9

question: In square miles, how much of the city's total area is composed of water?
answers: text: 164.1

question: In square miles, how much of the city's total area is land?
answers: text: 304.8

question: What is the name of New York City's highest point?
answers: text: Todt Hill

question: On what island is New York City's highest point located?
answers: text: Staten Island

question: How many square miles in NYC?
answers: text: 468.9

question: How many square miles are water in NYC?
answers: text: 164.1

question: How many square miles are land in NYC?
answers: text: 304.8

question: The highest peak in the city is what location?
answers: text: Todt Hill

question: How many feet above sea level is Todt Hil?
answers: text: 409.8
context: The city's total area is 468.9 square miles (1,214 km2). 164.1 sq mi (425 km2) of this is water and 304.8 sq mi (789 km2) is land. The highest point in the city is Todt Hill on Staten Island, which, at 409.8 feet (124.9 m) above sea level, is the highest point on the Eastern Seaboard south of Maine. The summit of the ridge is mostly covered in woodlands as part of the Staten Island Greenbelt.

qas: question: What structure is an example of saltbox architecture?
answers: text: Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House

question: In what borough is the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House located?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: What building is the priciest office tower in the world?
answers: text: One World Trade Center

question: In what borough is One World Trade Center located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: In what year did construction on the oldest part of Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House begin?
answers: text: 1656

question: The most expensive office tower built in the world today is what?
answers: text: One World Trade Center
context: New York has architecturally noteworthy buildings in a wide range of styles and from distinct time periods, from the saltbox style Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House in Brooklyn, the oldest section of which dates to 1656, to the modern One World Trade Center, the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan and currently the most expensive new office tower in the world.

qas: question: How many high-rises were present in New York City in 2011?
answers: text: 5,937

question: What city has the most high-rise buildings in the world?
answers: text: Hong Kong

question: How many structures in New York City are over 100m tall?
answers: text: 550

question: In what year was the Woolworth Building completed?
answers: text: 1913

question: How many buildings in New York City are over 200m high?
answers: text: 50

question: NYC has the highest quantity of skyscrapers after which other world city?
answers: text: Hong Kong

question: How many buildings located in NYC are at least 330 feet in height?
answers: text: 550
context: Manhattan's skyline, with its many skyscrapers, is universally recognized, and the city has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world. As of 2011, New York City had 5,937 high-rise buildings, of which 550 completed structures were at least 330 feet (100 m) high, both second in the world after Hong Kong, with over 50 completed skyscrapers taller than 656 feet (200 m). These include the Woolworth Building (1913), an early gothic revival skyscraper built with massively scaled gothic detailing.

qas: question: In what year was the Empire State Building completed?
answers: text: 1931

question: The Chrysler Building reflects what architectural style?
answers: text: Art Deco

question: What floor of the Chrysler Building has sculptures of eagles at its corners?
answers: text: 61st

question: What building known for its bronze-tinted I-beams was completed in 1957?
answers: text: Seagram Building

question: What is the full name of the organization known by the acronym AIA?
answers: text: American Institute of Architects

question: Which animal decorates the corners of the Chrysler Building?
answers: text: eagles

question: When was the Empire State Building constructed?
answers: text: 1931

question: When was the Chrysler building built in NYC?
answers: text: 1930
context: The 1916 Zoning Resolution required setbacks in new buildings, and restricted towers to a percentage of the lot size, to allow sunlight to reach the streets below. The Art Deco style of the Chrysler Building (1930) and Empire State Building (1931), with their tapered tops and steel spires, reflected the zoning requirements. The buildings have distinctive ornamentation, such as the eagles at the corners of the 61st floor on the Chrysler Building, and are considered some of the finest examples of the Art Deco style. A highly influential example of the international style in the United States is the Seagram Building (1957), distinctive for its façade using visible bronze-toned I-beams to evoke the building's structure. The Condé Nast Building (2000) is a prominent example of green design in American skyscrapers and has received an award from the American Institute of Architects as well as AIA New York State for its design.

qas: question: In what borough is the Riverdale neighborhood located?
answers: text: the Bronx

question: In what borough is the Ditmas Park neighborhood located?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: In what borough is the Douglaston neighborhood located?
answers: text: Queens

question: Brownstone rowhouse construction is most often associated with the period beginning in 1870 and ending in what year?
answers: text: 1930

question: Along with Tudor Revival, what is a common architectural style of single-family houses in New York?
answers: text: Victorian

question: What type of housing structure makes up most of the large residential districts of NYC?
answers: text: brownstone rowhouses
context: The character of New York's large residential districts is often defined by the elegant brownstone rowhouses and townhouses and shabby tenements that were built during a period of rapid expansion from 1870 to 1930. In contrast, New York City also has neighborhoods that are less densely populated and feature free-standing dwellings. In neighborhoods such as Riverdale (in the Bronx), Ditmas Park (in Brooklyn), and Douglaston (in Queens), large single-family homes are common in various architectural styles such as Tudor Revival and Victorian.

qas: question: What event led to the decline in wooden construction in New York City?
answers: text: the Great Fire of 1835

question: In the 19th century, New York city required water towers in the roofs of buildings that were more than how many stories tall?
answers: text: six

question: What area was known for its garden apartments?
answers: text: Jackson Heights

question: After the Great Fire of 1835, what became the most widespread building materials?
answers: text: Stone and brick

question: To prevent high water pressures at lower elevations what were built on many of the city's buildings?
answers: text: wooden roof-mounted water towers
context: Stone and brick became the city's building materials of choice after the construction of wood-frame houses was limited in the aftermath of the Great Fire of 1835. A distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings is the wooden roof-mounted water towers. In the 1800s, the city required their installation on buildings higher than six stories to prevent the need for excessively high water pressures at lower elevations, which could break municipal water pipes. Garden apartments became popular during the 1920s in outlying areas, such as Jackson Heights.

qas: question: When did the United States Geological Survey released its seismic hazard analysis?
answers: text: July 2014
context: According to the United States Geological Survey, an updated analysis of seismic hazard in July 2014 revealed a "slightly lower hazard for tall buildings" in New York City than previously assessed. Scientists estimated this lessened risk based upon a lower likelihood than previously thought of slow shaking near the city, which would be more likely to cause damage to taller structures from an earthquake in the vicinity of the city.

qas: question: How many of New York's boroughs would be counted among the United States' ten most populated cities if they were independent?
answers: text: four

question: How many boroughs does New York City have?
answers: text: five

question: Which four boroughs of NYC would be among the the most populous cities in the US if they were independent cities?
answers: text: Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx
context: There are hundreds of distinct neighborhoods throughout the five boroughs of New York City, many with a definable history and character to call their own. If the boroughs were each independent cities, four of the boroughs (Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx) would be among the ten most populous cities in the United States.

qas: question: What is the name of New York City's climate using the Köppen climate classification?
answers: text: humid subtropical

question: How many sunny days does New York average each year?
answers: text: 234

question: How many hours of sunshine does New York receive every year?
answers: text: 2,535

question: The suburbs of the city lie between the humid subtropical and what other climate zone?
answers: text: humid continental

question: What month in New York City is the coldest?
answers: text: January

question: What type of climate does NYC possess?
answers: text: humid subtropical

question: How many days on average does NYC get sunshine annually?
answers: text: 234

question: What planting zone does the city land in?
answers: text: USDA 7b
context: Under the Köppen climate classification, using the 0 °C (32 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and is thus the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. The suburbs to the immediate north and west lie in the transition zone from a humid subtropical (Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Dfa). The area averages 234 days with at least some sunshine annually, and averages 57% of possible sunshine annually, accumulating 2,535 hours of sunshine per annum. The city falls under USDA 7b Plant Hardiness zone.

qas: question: What mountains serve as a barrier to keep New York City comparatively warmer in the winter?
answers: text: Appalachians

question: What is New York City's daily January mean temperature in degrees celsius?
answers: text: 0.3

question: What is the average humidity in July as a percentage?
answers: text: 72%

question: On average, how often do New York temperatures exceed 90 degrees Fahrenheit each year?
answers: text: 17

question: On what date did New York record its highest temperature ever?
answers: text: July 9, 1936

question: What is the highest temperature recorded in NYC?
answers: text: 106

question: When was the lowest temperature recorded in NYC?
answers: text: 1934

question: The highest temperature ever recorded in NYC was in what year?
answers: text: 1936
context: Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The daily mean temperature in January, the area's coldest month, is 32.6 °F (0.3 °C); however, temperatures usually drop to 10 °F (−12 °C) several times per winter, and reach 50 °F (10 °C) several days each winter month. Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can range from chilly to warm, although they are usually mild with low humidity. Summers are typically warm to hot and humid, with a daily mean temperature of 76.5 °F (24.7 °C) in July and an average humidity level of 72%. Nighttime conditions are often exacerbated by the urban heat island phenomenon, while daytime temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on average of 17 days each summer and in some years exceed 100 °F (38 °C). In the warmer months, the dew point, a measure of atmospheric moisture, ranges from 57.3 °F (14.1 °C) in June to 62.0 °F (16.7 °C) in August. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −15 °F (−26 °C), recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F (41 °C) on July 9, 1936.

qas: question: In millimeters, how much precipitation does New York receive a year?
answers: text: 1,270

question: In centimeters, what is the average winter snowfall?
answers: text: 66

question: When did Hurricane Sandy strike New York?
answers: text: October 29, 2012

question: How many inches of precipitation does NYC get in a year?
answers: text: 49.9

question: Which natural disaster occurred on October 29, 2012 in NYC?
answers: text: Hurricane Sandy

question: The mean snowfall between 1981 and 2010 in NYC has been how many inches?
answers: text: 25.8
context: The city receives 49.9 inches (1,270 mm) of precipitation annually, which is fairly spread throughout the year. Average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010 has been 25.8 inches (66 cm), but this varies considerably from year to year. Hurricanes and tropical storms are rare in the New York area, but are not unheard of and always have the potential to strike the area. Hurricane Sandy brought a destructive storm surge to New York City on the evening of October 29, 2012, flooding numerous streets, tunnels, and subway lines in Lower Manhattan and other areas of the city and cutting off electricity in many parts of the city and its suburbs. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the city and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.

qas: question: What is the name of the New York City department that operates the park system?
answers: text: New York City Department of Parks and Recreation

question: What is the state office that operates New York City parks?
answers: text: New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation

question: What federal service operates New York City parks?
answers: text: National Park Service
context: The City of New York has a complex park system, with various lands operated by the National Park Service, the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, and the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

qas: question: What city was rated as having the best park system by The Trust for Public Land?
answers: text: Minneapolis

question: What city had the second highest ParkScore rating?
answers: text: New York City

question: The 2013 ParkScore rating for NYC made NYC second in best park system to what other US city?
answers: text: Minneapolis
context: In its 2013 ParkScore ranking, The Trust for Public Land reported that the park system in New York City was the second best park system among the 50 most populous U.S. cities, behind the park system of Minneapolis. ParkScore ranks urban park systems by a formula that analyzes median park size, park acres as percent of city area, the percent of city residents within a half-mile of a park, spending of park services per resident, and the number of playgrounds per 10,000 residents.

qas: question: How large is the Gateway National recreation Area in hectares?
answers: text: 10,521.83

question: About how large is the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in acres?
answers: text: 9,000

question: What fort is located on the Rockaway Peninsula?
answers: text: Fort Tilden

question: What park is located on the Rockaway Peninsula?
answers: text: Jacob Riis Park

question: What body of water is Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge adjacent to?
answers: text: Jamaica Bay

question: How many acres of land does Gateway Nation Recreation contain?
answers: text: over 26,000
context: Gateway National Recreation Area contains over 26,000 acres (10,521.83 ha) in total, most of it surrounded by New York City, including the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Brooklyn and Queens, over 9,000 acres (36 km2) of salt marsh, islands, and water, including most of Jamaica Bay. Also in Queens, the park includes a significant portion of the western Rockaway Peninsula, most notably Jacob Riis Park and Fort Tilden. In Staten Island, the park includes Fort Wadsworth, with historic pre-Civil War era Battery Weed and Fort Tompkins, and Great Kills Park, with beaches, trails, and a marina.

qas: question: What body administers the Ellis Island Immigration Museum?
answers: text: National Park Service

question: What is the common name for the General Grant National Memorial?
answers: text: Grant's Tomb

question: In what neighborhood is the Stonewall Inn located?
answers: text: Greenwich Village

question: What movement is the Stonewall Inn most famously associated with?
answers: text: gay rights movement

question: The Statue of Liberty is taken care of by what organization?
answers: text: National Park Service

question: The Statue of Liberty is also in what other US state?
answers: text: New Jersey

question: Ellis Island is considered in New York state and which other?
answers: text: New Jersey

question: Which landmark is considered the spark for LGBT rights?
answers: text: Stonewall Inn

question: The landmark, General Grant National Memorial, is also called what?
answers: text: Grant's Tomb
context: The Statue of Liberty National Monument and Ellis Island Immigration Museum are managed by the National Park Service and are in both the states of New York and New Jersey. They are joined in the harbor by Governors Island National Monument, in New York. Historic sites under federal management on Manhattan Island include Castle Clinton National Monument; Federal Hall National Memorial; Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site; General Grant National Memorial ("Grant's Tomb"); African Burial Ground National Monument; and Hamilton Grange National Memorial. Hundreds of private properties are listed on the National Register of Historic Places or as a National Historic Landmark such as, for example, the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village as the catalyst of the modern gay rights movement.

qas: question: How many state parks exist in New York City?
answers: text: seven

question: How large is Riverbank State Park in acres?
answers: text: 28

question: How many meters is Riverbank State Park elevated above the Hudson River?
answers: text: 21

question: How many New York state parks are within New York City?
answers: text: seven

question: Riverbank State park's highest point is how high above the Hudson River?
answers: text: 69 feet
context: There are seven state parks within the confines of New York City, including Clay Pit Ponds State Park Preserve, a natural area which includes extensive riding trails, and Riverbank State Park, a 28-acre (110,000 m2) facility that rises 69 feet (21 m) over the Hudson River.

qas: question: New York has approximately how many acres of parks?
answers: text: 28,000

question: How many miles of public beach are located in New York City?
answers: text: 14

question: What is the biggest public park in the city?
answers: text: Pelham Bay Park

question: How large is Pelham Bay Park in hectares?
answers: text: 1,093

question: New York City has how many acres of land dedicated to parks?
answers: text: over 28,000

question: How long are all the public beaches together in miles?
answers: text: 14

question: What is the largest park in New York City?
answers: text: Pelham Bay Park

question: How many acres of land does Pelham Bay park have?
answers: text: 2,700
context: New York City has over 28,000 acres (110 km2) of municipal parkland and 14 miles (23 km) of public beaches. Parks in New York City include Central Park, Prospect Park, Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, Forest Park, and Washington Square Park. The largest municipal park in the city is Pelham Bay Park with 2,700 acres (1,093 ha).

qas: question: What is the name of the military base in New York City?
answers: text: Fort Hamilton

question: In what year was Fort Hamilton founded?
answers: text: 1825

question: In what borough is Fort Hamilton located?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: What division is based at Fort Hamilton?
answers: text: North Atlantic Division

question: What brigade is headquartered at Fort Hamilton?
answers: text: 1179th Transportation Brigade

question: The U.S. military has only one active location in NYC named what?
answers: text: Fort Hamilton

question: When was Fort Hamilton built?
answers: text: 1825

question: Which borough can Fort Hamilton be found?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: Fort Wadsworth and Fort Totten are located in which area of New York City?
answers: text: Queens
context: New York City is home to Fort Hamilton, the U.S. military's only active duty installation within the city. Established in 1825 in Brooklyn on the site of a small battery utilized during the American Revolution, it is one of America's longest serving military forts. Today Fort Hamilton serves as the headquarters of the North Atlantic Division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers as well as for the New York City Recruiting Battalion. It also houses the 1179th Transportation Brigade, the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron, and a military entrance processing station. Other formerly active military reservations still utilized for National Guard and military training or reserve operations in the city include Fort Wadsworth in Staten Island and Fort Totten in Queens.

qas: question: What was the population of New York City in 2014?
answers: text: 8,491,079

question: What is the US city with the second largest population?
answers: text: Los Angeles

question: How many people moved to New York City between April 2010 and July 2014?
answers: text: 316,000

question: Approximately what percentage is New York City's population of the entire state's population?
answers: text: 40%

question: About what percentage is New York City's population of the New York metropolitan area's population?
answers: text: 40%

question: What is the population of NYC as of 2014?
answers: text: 8,491,079

question: The second largest city in the US is what?
answers: text: Los Angeles

question: What percentage of people that live in the state of New York live in New York City?
answers: text: 40
context: New York City is the most-populous city in the United States, with an estimated record high of 8,491,079 residents as of 2014, incorporating more immigration into the city than outmigration since the 2010 United States Census. More than twice as many people live in New York City as in the second-most populous U.S. city (Los Angeles), and within a smaller area. New York City gained more residents between April 2010 and July 2014 (316,000) than any other U.S. city. New York City's population amounts to about 40% of New York State's population and a similar percentage of the New York metropolitan area population.

qas: question: How many people live in a square mile of New York City?
answers: text: 27,858

question: What is the population density of Manhattan per square kilometer?
answers: text: 27,673

question: Some cities in what county have a higher population density than New York City?
answers: text: Hudson County
context: In 2014, the city had an estimated population density of 27,858 people per square mile (10,756/km²), rendering it the most densely populated of all municipalities housing over 100,000 residents in the United States; however, several small cities (of fewer than 100,000) in adjacent Hudson County, New Jersey are more dense overall, as per the 2000 Census. Geographically co-extensive with New York County, the borough of Manhattan's population density of 71,672 people per square mile (27,673/km²) makes it the highest of any county in the United States and higher than the density of any individual American city.

qas: question: What percentage of the city's population is Caucasian?
answers: text: 44%

question: What percentage of the city's population is African-American?
answers: text: 25.5%

question: What ethnicity is growing the quickest in New York City?
answers: text: Asians

question: What percentage of the population identifies as Hispanic?
answers: text: 28.6%

question: By what percentage did the non-Hispanic white population decrease?
answers: text: 3

question: As of 2010, what percentage made up white people in NYC?
answers: text: 44

question: Since what event did the first time black people decline in living in NYC?
answers: text: the Civil War

question: Which race of people made it the highest growing ethnicity between 2000-2010 in NYC?
answers: text: Asians

question: What percentage of Africans make up NYC?
answers: text: 25.5
context: The city's population in 2010 was 44% white (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5% black (23% non-Hispanic black), 0.7% Native American, and 12.7% Asian. Hispanics of any race represented 28.6% of the population, while Asians constituted the fastest-growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010; the non-Hispanic white population declined 3 percent, the smallest recorded decline in decades; and for the first time since the Civil War, the number of blacks declined over a decade.

qas: question: How many immigrants arrived at Ellis Island from 1892 to 1924?
answers: text: 12 million

question: 'Melting pot' was first used to describe neighborhoods in what area of the city?
answers: text: Lower East Side

question: What ethnicity comprised the largest number of immigrants at the beginning of the twentieth century?
answers: text: Germans

question: What percentage of the population was Caucasian in 1940?
answers: text: 92%

question: What was the ethnicity of the second largest group of immigrants in 1900?
answers: text: Irish

question: Between 1892-1924, how many immigrants came through Ellis Island?
answers: text: more than 12 million

question: In the year 1942, what percentage of white Americans made up New York City?
answers: text: 92
context: Throughout its history, the city has been a major port of entry for immigrants into the United States; more than 12 million European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924. The term "melting pot" was first coined to describe densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side. By 1900, Germans constituted the largest immigrant group, followed by the Irish, Jews, and Italians. In 1940, whites represented 92% of the city's population.

qas: question: What percentage of the population was born outside the United States?
answers: text: 37%

question: From what country did the largest number of foreign-born immigrants originate as of 2011?
answers: text: Dominican Republic

question: About how many immigrants from Bangladesh lived in the city in 2013?
answers: text: 74,000

question: What country was the second largest source of foreign-born New Yorkers in 2011?
answers: text: China

question: What percentage of the population of NYC was born in another country?
answers: text: 37
context: Approximately 37% of the city's population is foreign born. In New York, no single country or region of origin dominates. The ten largest sources of foreign-born individuals in the city as of 2011 were the Dominican Republic, China, Mexico, Guyana, Jamaica, Ecuador, Haiti, India, Russia, and Trinidad and Tobago, while the Bangladeshi immigrant population has since become one of the fastest growing in the city, counting over 74,000 by 2013.

qas: question: What New York borough contains the highest population of Asian-Americans?
answers: text: Queens

question: What borough housed the first Chinatown in New York?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: As of 2012, what percentage of the New York City population was ethnically Chinese?
answers: text: 6.3%

question: What borough is home to a large Tibetan population?
answers: text: Queens

question: What percentage of the New York City population is Japanese?
answers: text: 0.3%
context: Asian Americans in New York City, according to the 2010 Census, number more than one million, greater than the combined totals of San Francisco and Los Angeles. New York contains the highest total Asian population of any U.S. city proper. The New York City borough of Queens is home to the state's largest Asian American population and the largest Andean (Colombian, Ecuadorian, Peruvian, and Bolivian) populations in the United States, and is also the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world. The Chinese population constitutes the fastest-growing nationality in New York State; multiple satellites of the original Manhattan Chinatown (紐約華埠), in Brooklyn (布鲁克林華埠), and around Flushing, Queens (法拉盛華埠), are thriving as traditionally urban enclaves, while also expanding rapidly eastward into suburban Nassau County (拿騷縣) on Long Island (長島), as the New York metropolitan region and New York State have become the top destinations for new Chinese immigrants, respectively, and large-scale Chinese immigration continues into New York City and surrounding areas. In 2012, 6.3% of New York City was of Chinese ethnicity, with nearly three-fourths living in either Queens or Brooklyn, geographically on Long Island. A community numbering 20,000 Korean-Chinese (Chaoxianzu (Chinese: 朝鲜族) or Joseonjok (Hangul: 조선족)) is centered in Flushing, Queens, while New York City is also home to the largest Tibetan population outside China, India, and Nepal, also centered in Queens. Koreans made up 1.2% of the city's population, and Japanese 0.3%. Filipinos were the largest Southeast Asian ethnic group at 0.8%, followed by Vietnamese, who made up 0.2% of New York City's population in 2010. Indians are the largest South Asian group, comprising 2.4% of the city's population, with Bangladeshis and Pakistanis at 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively. Queens is the preferred borough of settlement for Asian Indians, Koreans, and Filipinos, as well as Malaysians and other Southeast Asians; while Brooklyn is receiving large numbers of both West Indian as well as Asian Indian immigrants.

qas: question: How many non-Hispanic whites lived in New York City in 2012?
answers: text: 2.7 million

question: What is the non-Hispanic white population of Houston?
answers: text: 550,000

question: How many New Yorkers are of Polish ancestry?
answers: text: 201,000

question: How many New York City residents are of Greek heritage?
answers: text: 65,000

question: What borough has the largest population of ethnic Albanians?
answers: text: the Bronx

question: NYC has the largest white population by how many people?
answers: text: 2.7 million
context: New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city. At 2.7 million in 2012, New York's non-Hispanic white population is larger than the non-Hispanic white populations of Los Angeles (1.1 million), Chicago (865,000), and Houston (550,000) combined. The European diaspora residing in the city is very diverse. According to 2012 Census estimates, there were roughly 560,000 Italian Americans, 385,000 Irish Americans, 253,000 German Americans, 223,000 Russian Americans, 201,000 Polish Americans, and 137,000 English Americans. Additionally, Greek and French Americans numbered 65,000 each, with those of Hungarian descent estimated at 60,000 people. Ukrainian and Scottish Americans numbered 55,000 and 35,000, respectively. People identifying ancestry from Spain numbered 30,838 total in 2010. People of Norwegian and Swedish descent both stood at about 20,000 each, while people of Czech, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh descent all numbered between 12,000–14,000 people. Arab Americans number over 160,000 in New York City, with the highest concentration in Brooklyn. Central Asians, primarily Uzbek Americans, are a rapidly growing segment of the city's non-Hispanic white population, enumerating over 30,000, and including over half of all Central Asian immigrants to the United States, most settling in Queens or Brooklyn. Albanian Americans are most highly concentrated in the Bronx.

qas: question: About how many people live in New York City's metropolitan area?
answers: text: 20 million

question: As of 2012, how many Jewish people lived in the New York metropolitan area?
answers: text: 1.5 million

question: What percentage of the total Indian-American population of the United States lives in the New York metropolitan area?
answers: text: 20%

question: How many Hispanic people live in the New York metropolitan area?
answers: text: 4.8 million

question: Approximately how many Chinatowns exist in New York City?
answers: text: 6
context: The wider New York City metropolitan area, with over 20 million people, about 50% greater than the second-place Los Angeles metropolitan area in the United States, is also ethnically diverse. The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States, substantially exceeding the combined totals of Los Angeles and Miami, the next most popular gateway regions. It is home to the largest Jewish as well as Israeli communities outside Israel, with the Jewish population in the region numbering over 1.5 million in 2012 and including many diverse Jewish sects from around the Middle East and Eastern Europe. The metropolitan area is also home to 20% of the nation's Indian Americans and at least 20 Little India enclaves, as well as 15% of all Korean Americans and four Koreatowns; the largest Asian Indian population in the Western Hemisphere; the largest Russian American, Italian American, and African American populations; the largest Dominican American, Puerto Rican American, and South American and second-largest overall Hispanic population in the United States, numbering 4.8 million; and includes at least 6 established Chinatowns within New York City alone, with the urban agglomeration comprising a population of 779,269 overseas Chinese as of 2013 Census estimates, the largest outside of Asia.

qas: question: In 2013, how many people of Puerto Rican ancestry lived in New York City?
answers: text: 1.3 million

question: What nation provided the most legal immigrants to New York City in the Caribbean?
answers: text: the Dominican Republic

question: Out of all African nations, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?
answers: text: Egypt

question: Out of all nations in Central America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?
answers: text: El Salvador

question: Of all the countries in South America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?
answers: text: Ecuador
context: Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Central America. Amidst a resurgence of Puerto Rican migration to New York City, this population had increased to approximately 1.3 million in the metropolitan area as of 2013.

qas: question: How many self-identified LGB people live in the New York metropolitan area?
answers: text: 568,903

question: On what date did New York legalize gay marriage?
answers: text: June 24, 2011

question: How many days after gay marriage was legalized were gay marriages allowed to take place?
answers: text: 30

question: How many people identify as gay or bisexual in NYC?
answers: text: 568,903

question: Same-sex marriage became legal on what date in New York?
answers: text: June 24, 2011

question: Since Gay marriage became legal, how many days did people have to wait to marry?
answers: text: 30
context: The New York metropolitan area is home to a self-identifying gay and bisexual community estimated at 568,903 individuals, the largest in the United States and one of the world's largest. Same-sex marriages in New York were legalized on June 24, 2011 and were authorized to take place beginning 30 days thereafter.

qas: question: What percentage of New Yorkers are Christians?
answers: text: 59%

question: What percentage of New Yorkers follow the Catholic faith?
answers: text: 33%

question: About how many Jews live in New York City?
answers: text: 1.1 million

question: What borough has the largest population of Jewish people?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: What is the third most popular faith in New York City?
answers: text: Islam

question: What was the most prominent religion in New York as of 2014?
answers: text: Christianity

question: The second most prominent religion in New York is what?
answers: text: Judaism

question: Half the population of Jews live in what borough of New York City?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: What percentage of people in 2014 had no religion?
answers: text: 24

question: The third most popular religion in NYC is what?
answers: text: Islam
context: Christianity (59%), particularly Catholicism (33%), was the most prevalently practiced religion in New York as of 2014, followed by Judaism, with approximately 1.1 million Jews in New York City, over half living in Brooklyn. Islam ranks third in New York City, with official estimates ranging between 600,000 and 1,000,000 observers and including 10% of the city's public schoolchildren, followed by Hinduism, Buddhism, and a variety of other religions, as well as atheism. In 2014, 24% self-identified with no organized religious affiliation.

qas: question: What is New York City's Gini Coefficient?
answers: text: 0.5

question: What borough has a Gini Coefficient of 0.6?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What previous mayor of New York is a billionaire?
answers: text: Michael R. Bloomberg

question: In 2014, millionaires made up what percentage of New York City's population?
answers: text: 4.6%

question: What is the average weekly wage in Manhattan?
answers: text: $2,749

question: The average weekly earnings for a worker in NYC was what in 2014?
answers: text: 2,749

question: By 2013, which city had the most billionaires living in the city?
answers: text: New York City
context: New York City has a high degree of income disparity as indicated by its Gini Coefficient of 0.5 for the city overall and 0.6 for Manhattan. The disparity is driven by wage growth in high-income brackets, while wages have stagnated for middle and lower-income brackets. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in New York County (Manhattan) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. In 2013, New York City had the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, higher than the next five U.S. cities combined, including former Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg. New York also had the highest density of millionaires per capita among major U.S. cities in 2014, at 4.6% of residents. Lower Manhattan has been experiencing a baby boom, with the area south of Canal Street witnessing 1,086 births in 2010, 12% greater than 2009 and over twice the number born in 2001.

qas: question: What is the common name for New York's high technology sector?
answers: text: Silicon Alley

question: Who created the Global Economic Power Index that ranked New York first?
answers: text: The Atlantic

question: In what year did the Port of New York and New Jersey deal with unprecedented cargo volume?
answers: text: 2014

question: In what year was New York ranked first on the Global Economic Power Index?
answers: text: 2012
context: New York is a global hub of international business and commerce. In 2012, New York City topped the first Global Economic Power Index, published by The Atlantic (to be differentiated from a namesake list published by the Martin Prosperity Institute), with cities ranked according to criteria reflecting their presence on similar lists as published by other entities. The city is a major center for banking and finance, retailing, world trade, transportation, tourism, real estate, new media as well as traditional media, advertising, legal services, accountancy, insurance, theater, fashion, and the arts in the United States; while Silicon Alley, metonymous for New York's broad-spectrum high technology sphere, continues to expand. The Port of New York and New Jersey is also a major economic engine, handling record cargo volume in the first half of 2014.

qas: question: What fraction of New Yorkers in the private sector are employed by foreign companies?
answers: text: One out of ten

question: What publication ranked New York first in the 2013 American Cities of the Future rankings?
answers: text: FDi Magazine
context: Many Fortune 500 corporations are headquartered in New York City, as are a large number of foreign corporations. One out of ten private sector jobs in the city is with a foreign company. New York City has been ranked first among cities across the globe in attracting capital, business, and tourists. This ability to attract foreign investment helped New York City top the FDi Magazine American Cities of the Future ranking for 2013.

qas: question: What was the 2015 assessed value of all the property in New York?
answers: text: US$914.8 billion

question: How much was Time Warner Center worth in 2006?
answers: text: US$1.1 billion

question: What was the price per square foot of 450 Park Avenue when it sold in July 2007?
answers: text: $1,589

question: What was the price per square meter of 660 Madison Avenue in June 2007?
answers: text: $15,887

question: Of the top 10 zip codes with the most expensive housing prices in the United States, how many are in Manhattan?
answers: text: six

question: Which building has the highest market value in NYC?
answers: text: Time Warner Center

question: The previous record beaten by Park Avenue was for what real estate?
answers: text: 660 Madison Avenue
context: Real estate is a major force in the city's economy, as the total value of all New York City property was assessed at US$914.8 billion for the 2015 fiscal year. The Time Warner Center is the property with the highest-listed market value in the city, at US$1.1 billion in 2006. New York City is home to some of the nation's—and the world's—most valuable real estate. 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for US$510 million, about $1,589 per square foot ($17,104/m²), breaking the barely month-old record for an American office building of $1,476 per square foot ($15,887/m²) set in the June 2007 sale of 660 Madison Avenue. According to Forbes, in 2014, Manhattan was home to six of the top ten zip codes in the United States by median housing price.

qas: question: What is the popular name of New York's advertising industry?
answers: text: Madison Avenue

question: About how many people work in the New York fashion industry?
answers: text: 180,000

question: About how much does it cost per year to pay workers in the New York fashion industry?
answers: text: $11 billion

question: With Interpublic Group, what company has a combined annual revenue of roughly US$21 billion?
answers: text: Omnicom Group

question: NYC's fashion industry employs how many people?
answers: text: 180,000

question: The Two highest advertising agencies in the world located in NYC are called what?
answers: text: Omnicom Group and Interpublic Group
context: As of 2013, the global advertising agencies of Omnicom Group and Interpublic Group, both based in Manhattan, had combined annual revenues of approximately US$21 billion, reflecting New York City's role as the top global center for the advertising industry, which is metonymously referred to as "Madison Avenue". The city's fashion industry provides approximately 180,000 employees with $11 billion in annual wages.

qas: question: How many New Yorkers work in the food processing field?
answers: text: 19,000

question: What is the annual revenue of the food processing industry?
answers: text: US$5 billion

question: In what borough is the garment business prominent?
answers: text: Brooklyn
context: Other important sectors include medical research and technology, non-profit institutions, and universities. Manufacturing accounts for a significant but declining share of employment, although the city's garment industry is showing a resurgence in Brooklyn. Food processing is a US$5 billion industry that employs more than 19,000 residents.

qas: question: What dollar amount of chocolate does New York export annually?
answers: text: US$234 million

question: Where is the "Chocolate District" located?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: In what borough is Godiva based?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What is the number one specialty food export of New York?
answers: text: Chocolate

question: What type of food is NYC's leading food export?
answers: text: Chocolate

question: Which one of the world's largest chocolate makers is stationed in Manhattan?
answers: text: Godiva
context: Chocolate is New York City's leading specialty-food export, with up to US$234 million worth of exports each year. Entrepreneurs were forming a "Chocolate District" in Brooklyn as of 2014, while Godiva, one of the world's largest chocolatiers, continues to be headquartered in Manhattan.

qas: question: As of 2013, how many people worked for a securities business in New York?
answers: text: 163,400

question: What percentage of New York private sector jobs are in the securities industry?
answers: text: 5

question: How much tax revenue does the securities industry generate?
answers: text: US$3.8 billion

question: What is the average income in the New York securities industry?
answers: text: US$360,700

question: What percentage of the city's wages does the securities industry provide?
answers: text: 22

question: 22 Percent of NYC's total wages are from what industry?
answers: text: The city's securities
context: New York City's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S.financial industry, metonymously known as Wall Street. The city's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of the city's private sector jobs, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of its tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. Many large financial companies are headquartered in New York City, and the city is also home to a burgeoning number of financial startup companies.

qas: question: On what street is the New York Stock Exchange headquartered?
answers: text: Wall Street

question: What is the street address of NASDAQ?
answers: text: 165 Broadway

question: In 2012, how many investment banking fees were paid out to Wall Street?
answers: text: $40 billion

question: In 2013-4, what percentage of New York state tax revenues came from the securities business on Wall Street?
answers: text: 19%

question: Who was the previous overseer of the London interbank offered rate?
answers: text: British Bankers Association

question: The New York Stock exchange is located where in NYC?
answers: text: Wall Street

question: The NASDAQ is located on what street in NYC?
answers: text: 165 Broadway
context: Lower Manhattan is the third-largest central business district in the United States and is home to the New York Stock Exchange, on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall average daily trading volume and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. Investment banking fees on Wall Street totaled approximately $40 billion in 2012, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as $324,000 annually. In fiscal year 2013–14, Wall Street's securities industry generated 19% of New York State's tax revenue. New York City remains the largest global center for trading in public equity and debt capital markets, driven in part by the size and financial development of the U.S. economy.:31–32 In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association. New York also leads in hedge fund management; private equity; and the monetary volume of mergers and acquisitions. Several investment banks and investment mangers headquartered in Manhattan are important participants in other global financial centers.:34–35 New York is also the principal commercial banking center of the United States.

qas: question: How many square meters of office space does Manhattan have?
answers: text: 46.5 million

question: About how many million square feet of office space is present in Midtown Manhattan?
answers: text: 400

question: How much office space did Manhatten possess in 2015?
answers: text: 500 million square feet
context: Many of the world's largest media conglomerates are also based in the city. Manhattan contained over 500 million square feet (46.5 million m2) of office space in 2015, making it the largest office market in the United States, while Midtown Manhattan, with nearly 400 million square feet (37.2 million m2) in 2015, is the largest central business district in the world.

qas: question: In what borough is Silicon Alley located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What is the street address of the headquarters of Verizon Communciations?
answers: text: 140 West Street

question: How much did Verizon spend on fiber optic upgrades in New York City?
answers: text: US$3 billion

question: Approximately how many tech sector jobs are in New York City?
answers: text: 300,000

question: The technology sector of work in NYC has how many employees in its service?
answers: text: 300,000
context: Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high technology industries involving the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, biotechnology, game design, financial technology ("fintech"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by its entrepreneurship ecosystem and venture capital investments. In the first half of 2015, Silicon Alley generated over US$3.7 billion in venture capital investment across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises, most based in Manhattan, with others in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region. High technology startup companies and employment are growing in New York City and the region, bolstered by the city's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector.

qas: question: Along with Cornell University, what institution is involved in the building of Cornell Tech?
answers: text: Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

question: What is the cost to build Cornell Tech?
answers: text: US$2 billion

question: On what island is Cornell Tech located?
answers: text: Roosevelt Island

question: About how much capital did Accelerator raise as of the middle of 2014?
answers: text: US$30 million

question: How large is the Alexandria Center for Life Science in square meters?
answers: text: 65,000

question: In 2011, what school was built on Roosevelt Island?
answers: text: Cornell Tech
context: The biotechnology sector is also growing in New York City, based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. On December 19, 2011, then Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg announced his choice of Cornell University and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology to build a US$2 billion graduate school of applied sciences called Cornell Tech on Roosevelt Island with the goal of transforming New York City into the world's premier technology capital. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2) on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.

qas: question: How many tourists visited New York in 2011?
answers: text: 51 million

question: How many people came to visit New York in 2013?
answers: text: 54 million

question: What is the record number of tourists that have visited New York in a year?
answers: text: 56.4 million

question: How much money did tourism create for New York in 2014?
answers: text: US$61.3 billion

question: How many tourists that visited NYC in 2014 broke the record?
answers: text: 56.4 million

question: How many tourists visited NYC in 2013?
answers: text: 54 million
context: Tourism is a vital industry for New York City, which has witnessed a growing combined volume of international and domestic tourists – receiving approximately 51 million tourists in 2011, 54 million in 2013, and a record 56.4 million in 2014. Tourism generated an all-time high US$61.3 billion in overall economic impact for New York City in 2014.

qas: question: What English phrase does I ❤ NY represent?
answers: text: I Love New York

question: When was I ❤ NY first used in advertisements?
answers: text: 1977

question: Who owns the trademark to I ❤ NY?
answers: text: New York State Empire State Development

question: What is the state song of New York?
answers: text: I Love New York

question: I Love New York was established as advertising in what year?
answers: text: 1977

question: What is the state song of New York?
answers: text: I Love New York
context: I Love New York (stylized I ❤ NY) is both a logo and a song that are the basis of an advertising campaign and have been used since 1977 to promote tourism in New York City, and later to promote New York State as well. The trademarked logo, owned by New York State Empire State Development, appears in souvenir shops and brochures throughout the city and state, some licensed, many not. The song is the state song of New York.

qas: question: In what neighborhood does the Halloween Parade take place?
answers: text: Greenwich Village

question: What company sponsors the Thanksgiving Day parade?
answers: text: Macy's

question: At what location is a Christmas tree famously lit every year?
answers: text: Rockefeller Center

question: Where in Central Park are performances offered at no cost?
answers: text: Summerstage

question: In what borough is the Unisphere located?
answers: text: Queens
context: Major tourist destinations include Times Square; Broadway theater productions; the Empire State Building; the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; the United Nations Headquarters; museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art; greenspaces such as Central Park and Washington Square Park; Rockefeller Center; the Manhattan Chinatown; luxury shopping along Fifth and Madison Avenues; and events such as the Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village; the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade; the lighting of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree; the St. Patrick's Day parade; seasonal activities such as ice skating in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival; and free performances in Central Park at Summerstage. Major attractions in the boroughs outside Manhattan include Flushing Meadows-Corona Park and the Unisphere in Queens; the Bronx Zoo; Coney Island, Brooklyn; and the New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx. The New York Wheel, a 630-foot ferris wheel, was under construction at the northern shore of Staten Island in 2015, overlooking the Statue of Liberty, New York Harbor, and the Lower Manhattan skyline.

qas: question: About how many hotel rooms are there in Manhattan?
answers: text: 90,000

question: What was the percentage increase of Manhattan hotel rooms between 2013 and 2014?
answers: text: 10%

question: Who owns the Waldorf Astoria?
answers: text: Anbang Insurance Group

question: What was the October 2014 purchase price of the Waldorf Astoria?
answers: text: US$1.95 billion

question: The hotel that sold for the most money in 2014 was which in NYC?
answers: text: Waldorf Astoria New York

question: How many hotel rooms are located in NYC as of the end of 2014?
answers: text: 90,000

question: Who bought the Waldorf Astoria hotel in NYC in 2014?
answers: text: Anbang Insurance Group

question: The Waldorf Astoria hotel sold for how many dollars?
answers: text: 1.95 billion
context: Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013. In October 2014, the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion, making it the world's most expensive hotel ever sold.

qas: question: Approximately how many feature films are made in New York City every year?
answers: text: 200

question: How many New Yorkers work in the television and film industry?
answers: text: 130,000

question: How much money does the New York film and television industry create every year?
answers: text: $7.1 billion

question: What United States city is the second most popular for pilot episode location filming?
answers: text: Los Angeles
context: New York is a prominent location for the American entertainment industry, with many films, television series, books, and other media being set there. As of 2012, New York City was the second largest center for filmmaking and television production in the United States, producing about 200 feature films annually, employing 130,000 individuals, and generating an estimated $7.1 billion in direct expenditures, and by volume, New York is the world leader in independent film production; one-third of all American independent films are produced in New York City. The Association of Independent Commercial Producers is also based in New York. In the first five months of 2014 alone, location filming for television pilots in New York City exceeded the record production levels for all of 2013, with New York surpassing Los Angeles as the top North American city for the same distinction during the 2013/2014 cycle.

qas: question: Along with Warner Music Group, what top three record label is based in New York City?
answers: text: Sony Music Entertainment

question: What city is North America's biggest media market?
answers: text: New York City

question: Out of the top eight advertising agency networks in the world, how many are based in New York?
answers: text: Seven
context: New York City is additionally a center for the advertising, music, newspaper, digital media, and publishing industries and is also the largest media market in North America. Some of the city's media conglomerates and institutions include Time Warner, the Thomson Reuters Corporation, the Associated Press, Bloomberg L.P., the News Corporation, The New York Times Company, NBCUniversal, the Hearst Corporation, AOL, and Viacom. Seven of the world's top eight global advertising agency networks have their headquarters in New York. Two of the top three record labels' headquarters are in New York: Sony Music Entertainment and Warner Music Group. Universal Music Group also has offices in New York. New media enterprises are contributing an increasingly important component to the city's central role in the media sphere.

qas: question: How many people work in the New York publishing industry?
answers: text: 25,000

question: Which New York-based newspaper has won the Pulitzer Prize for journalism?
answers: text: The New York Times

question: Along with the New York Times, what national daily newspaper is based in New York?
answers: text: The Wall Street Journal

question: What was the founding year of the New York Daily News?
answers: text: 1919

question: Who was the founder of the New York Post?
answers: text: Alexander Hamilton

question: How many newspaper offices are located in New York?
answers: text: More than 200

question: How many magazines can call NYC home?
answers: text: 350

question: How many national newspapers out of the three are from New York?
answers: text: 2

question: Which two national newspapers are located in New York?
answers: text: The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times

question: When was the New York Daily News founded?
answers: text: 1919
context: More than 200 newspapers and 350 consumer magazines have an office in the city, and the publishing industry employs about 25,000 people. Two of the three national daily newspapers in the United States are New York papers: The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, which has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism. Major tabloid newspapers in the city include: The New York Daily News, which was founded in 1919 by Joseph Medill Patterson and The New York Post, founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton. The city also has a comprehensive ethnic press, with 270 newspapers and magazines published in more than 40 languages. El Diario La Prensa is New York's largest Spanish-language daily and the oldest in the nation. The New York Amsterdam News, published in Harlem, is a prominent African American newspaper. The Village Voice is the largest alternative newspaper.

qas: question: Along with ABC and NBC, what other major broadcaster is based in New York?
answers: text: CBS

question: What is the name of the city's public television service?
answers: text: NYCTV

question: What comedy channel on cable television is headquartered in New York?
answers: text: Comedy Central

question: What cable news channel is based in New York?
answers: text: Fox News
context: The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The three major American broadcast networks are all headquartered in New York: ABC, CBS, and NBC. Many cable networks are based in the city as well, including MTV, Fox News, HBO, Showtime, Bravo, Food Network, AMC, and Comedy Central. The City of New York operates a public broadcast service, NYCTV, that has produced several original Emmy Award-winning shows covering music and culture in city neighborhoods and city government.

qas: question: What is the name of the first public-access TV channel in the country?
answers: text: Manhattan Neighborhood Network

question: In what year did the Manhattan Neighborhood Network begin?
answers: text: 1971

question: What is the primary public television station in New York?
answers: text: WNET

question: What is the largest public radio station in the US by audience size?
answers: text: WNYC

question: In what year did the city cease to own WNYC?
answers: text: 1997

question: The public-assess TV channel that has been around the longest in the US in what?
answers: text: Manhattan Neighborhood Network

question: When was the Manhattan Neighborhood Network created?
answers: text: 1971

question: The largest public radio station by listeners is what in New York?
answers: text: WNYC
context: New York is also a major center for non-commercial educational media. The oldest public-access television channel in the United States is the Manhattan Neighborhood Network, founded in 1971. WNET is the city's major public television station and a primary source of national Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) television programming. WNYC, a public radio station owned by the city until 1997, has the largest public radio audience in the United States.

qas: question: What city department runs the public school system?
answers: text: New York City Department of Education

question: How many students are in New York City public schools?
answers: text: 1.1 million

question: About how many public schools are there in New York City?
answers: text: 1,700

question: How many high schools for gifted students does New York City have?
answers: text: nine

question: How many students regularly attend schools in NYC?
answers: text: 1.1 million

question: How many highschools are specialized in NYC?
answers: text: nine
context: The New York City Public Schools system, managed by the New York City Department of Education, is the largest public school system in the United States, serving about 1.1 million students in more than 1,700 separate primary and secondary schools. The city's public school system includes nine specialized high schools to serve academically and artistically gifted students.

qas: question: What institution aids in the creation of charter schools in New York?
answers: text: New York City Charter School Center

question: About how many private schools does New York have?
answers: text: 900
context: The New York City Charter School Center assists the setup of new charter schools. There are approximately 900 additional privately run secular and religious schools in the city.

qas: question: About how many students attend schools in the City University of New York system?
answers: text: half million

question: What fraction of Manhattan residents graduated from college?
answers: text: three out of five

question: What fraction of Manhattan residents have graduate degrees?
answers: text: one out of four

question: The City University of New York system consists of how many institutions?
answers: text: 24

question: How many students in New York partcipate in higher education?
answers: text: 600,000
context: Over 600,000 students are enrolled in New York City's over 120 higher education institutions, the highest number of any city in the United States, including over half million in the City University of New York (CUNY) system alone in 2014. In 2005, three out of five Manhattan residents were college graduates, and one out of four had a postgraduate degree, forming one of the highest concentrations of highly educated people in any American city. New York City is home to such notable private universities as Barnard College, Columbia University, Cooper Union, Fordham University, New York University, New York Institute of Technology, Pace University, and Yeshiva University. The public CUNY system is one of the largest universities in the nation, comprising 24 institutions across all five boroughs: senior colleges, community colleges, and other graduate/professional schools. The public State University of New York (SUNY) system also serves New York City, as well as the rest of the state. The city also has other smaller private colleges and universities, including many religious and special-purpose institutions, such as St. John's University, The Juilliard School, Manhattan College, The College of Mount Saint Vincent, The New School, Pratt Institute, The School of Visual Arts, The King's College, and Wagner College.

qas: question: What is the largest library in the United States?
answers: text: The New York Public Library

question: What is the second largest library in the US?
answers: text: Queens Borough Public Library

question: What is the name of the library system in Queens?
answers: text: Queens Borough Public Library

question: What is Brooklyn's public library system called?
answers: text: Brooklyn Public Library

question: Along with Staten Island and the Bronx, what borough is served by the New York Public Library?
answers: text: Manhattan
context: The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is served by the Queens Borough Public Library, the nation's second largest public library system, while the Brooklyn Public Library serves Brooklyn.

qas: question: The largest municipal healthcare in the US is what?
answers: text: New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation

question: How many hospitals does HHC operate?
answers: text: 11

question: What is the yearly revenue of the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation?
answers: text: $6.7 billion

question: How many patients are served annually by HHC?
answers: text: 1.4 million

question: How many uninsured New Yorkers take advantage of HHC?
answers: text: 475,000

question: In what year was the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation founded?
answers: text: 1969

question: How many nursing homes does HHC operate?
answers: text: five
context: The New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City. A public benefit corporation with $6.7 billion in annual revenues, HHC is the largest municipal healthcare system in the United States serving 1.4 million patients, including more than 475,000 uninsured city residents. HHC was created in 1969 by the New York State Legislature as a public benefit corporation (Chapter 1016 of the Laws 1969). It is similar to a municipal agency but has a Board of Directors. HHC operates 11 acute care hospitals, five nursing homes, six diagnostic and treatment centers, and more than 70 community-based primary care sites, serving primarily the poor and working class. HHC's MetroPlus Health Plan is one of the New York area's largest providers of government-sponsored health insurance and is the plan of choice for nearly half million New Yorkers.

qas: question: The public hospital that has been around the longest in the US is what?
answers: text: Bellevue Hospital

question: Who is the president of HHC?
answers: text: Ramanathan Raju

question: What was the first public hospital founded in the United States?
answers: text: Bellevue Hospital

question: If the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom becomes sick in New York City, what hospital does he go to?
answers: text: Bellevue Hospital

question: Who is the HHC president?
answers: text: Ramanathan Raju, MD

question: In what state did the president of HHC previously work?
answers: text: Illinois

question: What was the president of HHC's previous job title?
answers: text: CEO
context: The most well-known hospital in the HHC system is Bellevue Hospital, the oldest public hospital in the United States. Bellevue is the designated hospital for treatment of the President of the United States and other world leaders if they become sick or injured while in New York City. The president of HHC is Ramanathan Raju, MD, a surgeon and former CEO of the Cook County health system in Illinois.

qas: question: The largest police presence in the US is NYPD with how many people?
answers: text: 35,000

question: NYPD officers have a nickname that is known as what?
answers: text: New York's Finest

question: What does the acronym NYPD stand for?
answers: text: New York City Police Department

question: About how many police work for the NYPD?
answers: text: 35,000

question: What is the nickname given to New York City Police Department officers?
answers: text: New York's Finest
context: The New York City Police Department (NYPD) has been the largest police force in the United States by a significant margin, with over 35,000 sworn officers. Members of the NYPD are frequently referred to by politicians, the media, and their own police cars by the nickname, New York's Finest.

qas: question: What was the low record for homicides in 2014 in NYC?
answers: text: 328

question: What percentage decrease in violent crime did the city see between 1993 and 2005?
answers: text: 75%

question: As of 2002, to what city did New York have a comparable crime rate?
answers: text: Provo, Utah

question: In what year did the city have less than 500 homicides?
answers: text: 2007

question: How many homicides were there in New York City in 2014?
answers: text: 328

question: In the first half of 2010, what percentage of shooting victims were African-American or Hispanic?
answers: text: 95.9%
context: In 2012, New York City had the lowest overall crime rate and the second lowest murder rate among the largest U.S. cities, having become significantly safer after a spike in crime in the 1970s through 1990s. Violent crime in New York City decreased more than 75% from 1993 to 2005, and continued decreasing during periods when the nation as a whole saw increases. By 2002, New York City's crime rate was similar to that of Provo, Utah, and was ranked 197th in crime among the 216 U.S. cities with populations greater than 100,000. In 2005 the homicide rate was at its lowest level since 1966, and in 2007 the city recorded fewer than 500 homicides for the first time ever since crime statistics were first published in 1963. In the first six months of 2010, 95.1% of all murder victims and 95.9% of all shooting victims in New York City were black or Hispanic; additionally, 90.2 percent of those arrested for murder and 96.7 percent of those arrested for shooting someone were black or Hispanic. New York experienced a record low of 328 homicides in 2014 and has a far lower murder rate than other major American cities.

qas: question: The first major crime groups in NYC were in the 1820s known as what?
answers: text: Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards

question: What group controlled the Mafia in New York in the 20th century?
answers: text: the Five Families

question: The Forth Thieves and Roach Guards were two gangs that operated in what area of New York in the 1820s?
answers: text: the Five Points

question: What was a notable 20th century gang in New York?
answers: text: the Black Spades
context: Organized crime has long been associated with New York City, beginning with the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards in the Five Points in the 1820s. The 20th century saw a rise in the Mafia, dominated by the Five Families, as well as in gangs, including the Black Spades. The Mafia presence has declined in the city in the 21st century.

qas: question: What is the largest fire department force in the world?
answers: text: Tokyo Fire Department

question: What is the second largest fire department force in the world?
answers: text: The New York City Fire Department

question: What is the The New York City Fire Department's motto?
answers: text: New York's Bravest

question: What does FDNY stand for?
answers: text: New York City Fire Department

question: What city is home to the largest municipal fire department in the world?
answers: text: Tokyo

question: How many firefighters work for the New York City Fire Department?
answers: text: 11,080

question: The FDNY employs about how many paramedics and EMTs?
answers: text: 3,300

question: What is the motto of the New York City Fire Department?
answers: text: New York's Bravest
context: The New York City Fire Department (FDNY), provides fire protection, technical rescue, primary response to biological, chemical, and radioactive hazards, and emergency medical services for the five boroughs of New York City. The New York City Fire Department is the largest municipal fire department in the United States and the second largest in the world after the Tokyo Fire Department. The FDNY employs approximately 11,080 uniformed firefighters and over 3,300 uniformed EMTs and paramedics. The FDNY's motto is New York's Bravest.

qas: question: New York is home to what largest transportation system in the world?
answers: text: subway systems

question: What types of fires can start in parks and woodlands?
answers: text: brush fires
context: The New York City Fire Department faces highly multifaceted firefighting challenges in many ways unique to New York. In addition to responding to building types that range from wood-frame single family homes to high-rise structures, there are many secluded bridges and tunnels, as well as large parks and wooded areas that can give rise to brush fires. New York is also home to one of the largest subway systems in the world, consisting of hundreds of miles of tunnel with electrified track.

qas: question: What is the address for The New York City Fire Department headquarters?
answers: text: 9 MetroTech Center

question: Which island is home to the Fire academy in NYC?
answers: text: Randalls Island

question: Which borough of NYC is home to the The New York City Fire Department headquarters?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: What is the street address of the New York Fire Department headquarters?
answers: text: 9 MetroTech Center

question: In what borough is the FDNY headquartered?
answers: text: Brooklyn

question: Where is the fire department's training academy located?
answers: text: Randalls Island

question: What is the street address of the Bureau of Fire Communications alarm office in Brooklyn?
answers: text: 11 Metrotech Center
context: The FDNY headquarters is located at 9 MetroTech Center in Downtown Brooklyn, and the FDNY Fire Academy is located on Randalls Island. There are three Bureau of Fire Communications alarm offices which receive and dispatch alarms to appropriate units. One office, at 11 Metrotech Center in Brooklyn, houses Manhattan/Citywide, Brooklyn, and Staten Island Fire Communications. The Bronx and Queens offices are in separate buildings.

qas: question: Jazz became popular during which decade in NYC?
answers: text: 1940s

question: Which decade did hip hop start to surface in NYC?
answers: text: 1970s

question: What was the name of the cultural development that defined the black American literary canon?
answers: text: the Harlem Renaissance

question: What musical style was prominent in New York in the 1940s?
answers: text: jazz

question: What artistic style was prominent in New York in the 1950s?
answers: text: abstract expressionism

question: What was the name of the new musical style that emerged from New York in the 1970s?
answers: text: hip hop
context: Numerous major American cultural movements began in the city, such as the Harlem Renaissance, which established the African-American literary canon in the United States. The city was a center of jazz in the 1940s, abstract expressionism in the 1950s, and the birthplace of hip hop in the 1970s. The city's punk and hardcore scenes were influential in the 1970s and 1980s. New York has long had a flourishing scene for Jewish American literature.

qas: question: The fashion capital of the world is what city in the US?
answers: text: New York City

question: One of the biggest fashion shows in the world is named what in New York?
answers: text: New York Fashion Week

question: By what other name is abstract expressionism known?
answers: text: the New York School

question: What is the name of the prominent fashion event that occurs in New York?
answers: text: New York Fashion Week

question: Who ranked New York as the fashion capital of the world?
answers: text: the Global Language Monitor
context: The city is the birthplace of many cultural movements, including the Harlem Renaissance in literature and visual art; abstract expressionism (also known as the New York School) in painting; and hip hop, punk, salsa, disco, freestyle, Tin Pan Alley, and Jazz in music. New York City has been considered the dance capital of the world. The city is also widely celebrated in popular lore, frequently the setting for books, movies (see List of films set in New York City), and television programs. New York Fashion Week is one of the world's preeminent fashion events and is afforded extensive coverage by the media. New York has also frequently been ranked the top fashion capital of the world on the annual list compiled by the Global Language Monitor.

qas: question: The Broadway Musical began in what decade?
answers: text: 1880s

question: Approximately how many galleries of art are in New York City?
answers: text: 500

question: Along with Broadway, what New York thoroughfare is associated with Broadway musicals?
answers: text: 42nd Street

question: Who was Hart's writing partner?
answers: text: Harrigan

question: About how many cultural and artistic organizations are in New York City?
answers: text: 2,000

question: What technological development led resulted in elaborate stage productions? 
answers: text: electric lighting
context: New York City has more than 2,000 arts and cultural organizations and more than 500 art galleries of all sizes. The city government funds the arts with a larger annual budget than the National Endowment for the Arts. Wealthy business magnates in the 19th century built a network of major cultural institutions, such as the famed Carnegie Hall and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, that would become internationally established. The advent of electric lighting led to elaborate theater productions, and in the 1880s, New York City theaters on Broadway and along 42nd Street began featuring a new stage form that became known as the Broadway musical. Strongly influenced by the city's immigrants, productions such as those of Harrigan and Hart, George M. Cohan, and others used song in narratives that often reflected themes of hope and ambition.

qas: question: How many people attended Broadway shows during the 2013-2014 season?
answers: text: 12.21 million

question: What is the nickname of the Times Square Theater District?
answers: text: The Great White Way

question: What was the dollar amount of the tickets sold on Broadway in 2013-14?
answers: text: US$1.27 billion

question: What was the percentage increase in the Broadway ticket revenue from 2012-3 to 2013-4?
answers: text: 11.4%

question: How many people attended a Broadway show in the 2013-4 season?
answers: text: 12.21 million

question: In 2012-3, what number of people saw a show on Broadway?
answers: text: 11.57 million
context: Forty of the city's theaters, with more than 500 seats each, are collectively known as Broadway, after the major thoroughfare that crosses the Times Square Theater District, sometimes referred to as "The Great White Way". According to The Broadway League, Broadway shows sold approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets in the 2013–2014 season, an 11.4% increase from US$1.139 billion in the 2012–2013 season. Attendance in 2013–2014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012–2013 season's 11.57 million.

qas: question: How many restaurants are there in NYC?
answers: text: 24,000

question: How many mobile food vendors operate in New York City?
answers: text: 4,000

question: How many restaurants is New York home to?
answers: text: 24,000

question: What public department inspects the restaurants of New York?
answers: text: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

question: According to Michelin, about how many fine dining restaurants exist in New York?
answers: text: one thousand
context: New York City's food culture includes a variety of international cuisines influenced by the city's immigrant history. Central European and Italian immigrants originally made the city famous for bagels, cheesecake, and New York-style pizza, while Chinese and other Asian restaurants, sandwich joints, trattorias, diners, and coffeehouses have become ubiquitous. Some 4,000 mobile food vendors licensed by the city, many immigrant-owned, have made Middle Eastern foods such as falafel and kebabs popular examples of modern New York street food. The city is also home to nearly one thousand of the finest and most diverse haute cuisine restaurants in the world, according to Michelin. The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene assigns letter grades to the city's 24,000 restaurants based upon their inspection results.

qas: question: The Brooklyn Dodgers were created in what year?
answers: text: 1882

question: Which four of the world's most expensive stadiums are located in NYC?
answers: text: MetLife Stadium, the new Yankee Stadium, Madison Square Garden, and Citi Field

question: Which two sports stadiums of New York City were featured on US stamps?
answers: text: the original Yankee Stadium and Ebbets Field

question: In what year were the Brooklyn Dodgers founded?
answers: text: 1882

question: What professional soccer organization is headquartered in New York?
answers: text: Major League Soccer

question: How many professional sports leagues have their headquarters in New York?
answers: text: five

question: About how many major professional sports teams have been based at one time or another in New York?
answers: text: forty
context: New York City is home to the headquarters of the National Football League, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, the National Hockey League, and Major League Soccer. The New York metropolitan area hosts the most sports teams in these five professional leagues. Participation in professional sports in the city predates all professional leagues, and the city has been continuously hosting professional sports since the birth of the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1882. The city has played host to over forty major professional teams in the five sports and their respective competing leagues, both current and historic. Four of the ten most expensive stadiums ever built worldwide (MetLife Stadium, the new Yankee Stadium, Madison Square Garden, and Citi Field) are located in the New York metropolitan area. Madison Square Garden, its predecessor, as well as the original Yankee Stadium and Ebbets Field, are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world, the latter two having been commemorated on U.S. postage stamps.

qas: question: NYC is known as the Capital of which sport?
answers: text: Baseball

question: How many Major League Baseball World Series has NYC teams won?
answers: text: 35

question: It is one of only five areas to contain two teams of what sport?
answers: text: Baseball

question: How many minor league baseball teams are there in NYC?
answers: text: two

question: How many World Series have New York teams won?
answers: text: 35

question: How many Major League baseball league pennants have New York teams won?
answers: text: 73

question: How many professional baseball teams are located in New York?
answers: text: two

question: How many times have two teams from New York played against each other in the World Series?
answers: text: 14

question: What is the nickname for a World Series where two New York teams play against each other?
answers: text: Subway Series
context: New York has been described as the "Capital of Baseball". There have been 35 Major League Baseball World Series and 73 pennants won by New York teams. It is one of only five metro areas (Los Angeles, Chicago, Baltimore–Washington, and the San Francisco Bay Area being the others) to have two baseball teams. Additionally, there have been 14 World Series in which two New York City teams played each other, known as a Subway Series and occurring most recently in 2000. No other metropolitan area has had this happen more than once (Chicago in 1906, St. Louis in 1944, and the San Francisco Bay Area in 1989). The city's two current Major League Baseball teams are the New York Mets, who play at Citi Field in Queens, and the New York Yankees, who play at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx. who compete in six games of interleague play every regular season that has also come to be called the Subway Series. The Yankees have won a record 27 championships, while the Mets have won the World Series twice. The city also was once home to the Brooklyn Dodgers (now the Los Angeles Dodgers), who won the World Series once, and the New York Giants (now the San Francisco Giants), who won the World Series five times. Both teams moved to California in 1958. There are also two Minor League Baseball teams in the city, the Brooklyn Cyclones and Staten Island Yankees.

qas: question: The New York Giants and the New York Jets place at which stadium in NYC?
answers: text: MetLife Stadium

question: When was the most recent superbowl held in NYC for football?
answers: text: 2014

question: Along what the New York Jets, what NFL team is based in New York?
answers: text: New York Giants

question: What stadium do the New York Jets call home?
answers: text: MetLife Stadium

question: What city is MetLife Stadium located in?
answers: text: East Rutherford, New Jersey

question: What Super Bowl took place at MetLife Stadium?
answers: text: Super Bowl XLVIII

question: In what year did a Super Bowl occur at MetLife Stadium?
answers: text: 2014
context: The city is represented in the National Football League by the New York Giants and the New York Jets, although both teams play their home games at MetLife Stadium in nearby East Rutherford, New Jersey, which hosted Super Bowl XLVIII in 2014.

qas: question: There are two hockey teams located in NYC. What are they?
answers: text: The New York Islanders and the New York Rangers

question: Which town do the New Jersey Devils hockey team play?
answers: text: Newark

question: In what city are the New Jersey Devils located?
answers: text: Newark, New Jersey

question: What sport do the New York Rangers play?
answers: text: Hockey

question: Along with the New York Rangers, what NHL franchise is based in New York?
answers: text: New York Islanders
context: The New York Islanders and the New York Rangers represent the city in the National Hockey League. Also within the metropolitan area are the New Jersey Devils, who play in nearby Newark, New Jersey.

qas: question: Which two national basketball teams play in NYC?
answers: text: the Brooklyn Nets and the New York Knicks

question: New York City's women's basketball team is called what?
answers: text: New York Liberty

question: The first college basketball championship took place in NYC in what year?
answers: text: 1938

question: What Women's National Basketball Association team is based in New York?
answers: text: New York Liberty

question: What is the name of the collegiate basketball championship that takes place in New York?
answers: text: National Invitation Tournament

question: In what year was the inaugural National Invitation Tournament?
answers: text: 1938

question: Along with the Brooklyn Nets, what NBA team is based in New York?
answers: text: New York Knicks
context: The city's National Basketball Association teams are the Brooklyn Nets and the New York Knicks, while the New York Liberty is the city's Women's National Basketball Association. The first national college-level basketball championship, the National Invitation Tournament, was held in New York in 1938 and remains in the city. The city is well known for its links to basketball, which is played in nearly every park in the city by local youth, many of whom have gone on to play for major college programs and in the NBA.

qas: question: Which borough of New York hosts the US Open Tennis championships?
answers: text: Queens

question: The Wanamaker Mile is an event by which annual track and field meeting?
answers: text: Millrose Games

question: The oldest, longest horse races in the US are located in NYC called what?
answers: text: Belmont Stakes

question: Which years did NYC host the PGA golf championships?
answers: text: 1930 and 1939

question: The Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves are held at which location in NYC?
answers: text: Madison Square Garden

question: In what borough is the National Tennis Center located?
answers: text: Queens

question: What tennis Grand Slam event is held at the National Tennis Center?
answers: text: United States Open Tennis Championships

question: How many people completed the New York Marathon in 2006?
answers: text: 37,866

question: What annual sporting competition features the Wanamaker Mile?
answers: text: Millrose Games

question: At what venue does the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves take place?
answers: text: Madison Square Garden
context: The annual United States Open Tennis Championships is one of the world's four Grand Slam tennis tournaments and is held at the National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, Queens. The New York Marathon is one of the world's largest, and the 2004–2006 events hold the top three places in the marathons with the largest number of finishers, including 37,866 finishers in 2006. The Millrose Games is an annual track and field meet whose featured event is the Wanamaker Mile. Boxing is also a prominent part of the city's sporting scene, with events like the Amateur Boxing Golden Gloves being held at Madison Square Garden each year. The city is also considered the host of the Belmont Stakes, the last, longest and oldest of horse racing's Triple Crown races, held just over the city's border at Belmont Park on the first or second Sunday of June. The city also hosted the 1932 U.S. Open golf tournament and the 1930 and 1939 PGA Championships, and has been host city for both events several times, most notably for nearby Winged Foot Golf Club.

qas: question: A version of baseball played in city streets was nicknamed was in the 1930s?
answers: text: Stickball

question: What street was renamed in the late 2000s to commemorate the street version of baseball?
answers: text: Stickball Boulevard

question: In what borough is Stickball Boulevard located?
answers: text: the Bronx
context: Many sports are associated with New York's immigrant communities. Stickball, a street version of baseball, was popularized by youths in the 1930s, and a street in the Bronx was renamed Stickball Boulevard in the late 2000s to memorialize this.

qas: question: Which subway system is considered the largest in the world?
answers: text: New York City Subway system

question: How many stations does the  New York City Subway system contain?
answers: text: 469

question: Which station is known as the world's biggest railroad station?
answers: text: Grand Central Station

question: How many people rode the New York City Subway in 2014?
answers: text: 1.75 billion

question: What is the nickname given to Grand Central Terminal?
answers: text: Grand Central Station
context: The iconic New York City Subway system is the largest rapid transit system in the world when measured by stations in operation, with 469, and by length of routes. New York's subway is notable for nearly the entire system remaining open 24 hours a day, in contrast to the overnight shutdown common to systems in most cities, including Hong Kong, London, Paris, Seoul, and Tokyo. The New York City Subway is also the busiest metropolitan rail transit system in the Western Hemisphere, with 1.75 billion passengers rides in 2014, while Grand Central Terminal, also popularly referred to as "Grand Central Station", is the world's largest railway station by number of train platforms.

qas: question: How many minutes does it take the average New Yorker to get to work?
answers: text: 38.4

question: What percentage of New Yorkers use public transportation to get to work?
answers: text: 54.6

question: What percentage of people living in Manhattan own a car?
answers: text: 22

question: In 2005, what percentage of New York residents used mass transit to get to work?
answers: text: 54.6%

question: What percentage of Americans drive cars to work?
answers: text: 90%

question: In minutes, how long does it take for the average New Yorker to get to work?
answers: text: 38.4

question: What percentage of New York households don't own an automobile?
answers: text: 52%

question: What percentage of Manhattan residents own an automobile?
answers: text: 22%
context: Public transport is essential in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using mass transit. This is in contrast to the rest of the United States, where about 90% of commuters drive automobiles to their workplace. According to the US Census Bureau, New York City residents spend an average of 38.4 minutes a day getting to work, the longest commute time in the nation among large cities. New York is the only US city in which a majority (52%) of households do not have a car; only 22% of Manhattanites own a car. Due to their high usage of mass transit, New Yorkers spend less of their household income on transportation than the national average, saving $19 billion annually on transportation compared to other urban Americans.

qas: question: The busiest bus station in the world in the world is called what?
answers: text: Port Authority Bus Terminal

question: How many buses visit the Port Authority Bus Terminal each day?
answers: text: 7,000

question: How many New Yorkers ride the bus on a daily basis?
answers: text: 200,000

question: What is New York's primary bus terminal?
answers: text: Port Authority Bus Terminal
context: New York City's public bus fleet is the largest in North America, and the Port Authority Bus Terminal, the main intercity bus terminal of the city, serves 7,000 buses and 200,000 commuters daily, making it the busiest bus station in the world.

qas: question: The three airports that have the most people come through them in NYC are which?
answers: text: John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport

question: What is the second busiest airport in the New York metro area?
answers: text: Newark Liberty International Airport

question: In 2011, what airport did the most international travelers in North America visit?
answers: text: John F. Kennedy International Airport

question: What city is Stewart International Airport located close to?
answers: text: Newburgh, New York

question: How many travelers visited JFK, LaGuardia and Newark Liberty in 2012?
answers: text: 109 million
context: New York's airspace is the busiest in the United States and one of the world's busiest air transportation corridors. The three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area include John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport; 109 million travelers used these three airports in 2012, and the city's airspace is the busiest in the nation. JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth busiest U.S. gateways for international air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America. Plans have advanced to expand passenger volume at a fourth airport, Stewart International Airport near Newburgh, New York, by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Plans were announced in July 2015 to entirely rebuild LaGuardia Airport in a multibillion-dollar project to replace its aging facilities.

qas: question: The world's most popular ferry route is which in NYC? 
answers: text: The Staten Island Ferry

question: How many hours a day does the The Staten Island Ferry run?
answers: text: 24

question: In kilometers, how long is the Staten Island Ferry route?
answers: text: 8.4

question: Staring in State Island, in what borough does the Staten Island Ferry's route terminate?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: How many passengers ride the Staten Island Ferry annually?
answers: text: 20 million
context: The Staten Island Ferry is the world's busiest ferry route, carrying approximately 20 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) route between Staten Island and Lower Manhattan and running 24 hours a day. Other ferry systems shuttle commuters between Manhattan and other locales within the city and the metropolitan area.

qas: question: Which bridge in NYC is the busiest in the world?
answers: text: The George Washington Bridge

question: The biggest suspension bridge in the US is what?
answers: text: The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge

question: The bridge made with steel-wire is which in NYC?
answers: text: The Brooklyn Bridge

question: The Brooklyn Bridge was the worlds largest until what date?
answers: text: 1903

question: What is the busiest bridge for cars in the world?
answers: text: George Washington Bridge

question: Starting in Manhattan, the George Washington Bridge terminates in what New Jersey county?
answers: text: Bergen

question: What is the longest suspension bridge in the United States?
answers: text: Verrazano-Narrows Bridge

question: What style of architecture was used to design the Brooklyn Bridge?
answers: text: neo-Gothic

question: In what year did the Brooklyn Bridge cease to be the world's longest suspension bridge?
answers: text: 1903
context: The George Washington Bridge is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge, connecting Manhattan to Bergen County, New Jersey. The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas and one of the world's longest. The Brooklyn Bridge is an icon of the city itself. The towers of the Brooklyn Bridge are built of limestone, granite, and Rosendale cement, and their architectural style is neo-Gothic, with characteristic pointed arches above the passageways through the stone towers. This bridge was also the longest suspension bridge in the world from its opening until 1903, and is the first steel-wire suspension bridge.

qas: question: Which tunnel do 120,000 vehicles travel through a day in NYC?
answers: text: The Lincoln Tunnel

question: The Holland Tunnel opened in what year?
answers: text: 1927

question: The Queens-Midtown Tunnel was finished in what year?
answers: text: 1940

question: Who was the first person to drive through The Queens-Midtown Tunnel?
answers: text: President Franklin D. Roosevelt

question: How many vehicles utilize the Lincoln Tunnel daily?
answers: text: 120,000

question: What body of water is above the Lincoln Tunnel?
answers: text: Hudson River

question: What borough is connected to New Jersey via the Lincoln Tunnel?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: In what New Jersey city does the Holland Tunnel terminate?
answers: text: Jersey City

question: Who drove through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel before anyone else?
answers: text: Franklin D. Roosevelt
context: Manhattan Island is linked to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey by several tunnels as well. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sailed through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel when it opened in 1927. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940. President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Hugh L. Carey Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.

qas: question: How many daily bicycle riders are there in NYC?
answers: text: 200,000

question: Each day, about how many New Yorkers bike?
answers: text: 200,000

question: About what percentage of New York City travel is done by bike or on foot?
answers: text: 21%

question: What company paid for 10,000 bikes for the city's bicycle sharing program?
answers: text: Citibank

question: Research by what institution of higher learning showed that most New Yorkers support bicycle sharing?
answers: text: Quinnipiac University

question: Who ranked New York as the most walkable large US city in 2015?
answers: text: Walk Score
context: New York's high rate of public transit use, over 200,000 daily cyclists as of 2014, and many pedestrian commuters make it the most energy-efficient major city in the United States. Walk and bicycle modes of travel account for 21% of all modes for trips in the city; nationally the rate for metro regions is about 8%. In both its 2011 and 2015 rankings, Walk Score named New York City the most walkable large city in the United States. Citibank sponsored the introduction of 10,000 public bicycles for the city's bike-share project in the summer of 2013. Research conducted by Quinnipiac University showed that a majority of New Yorkers support the initiative. New York City's numerical "in-season cycling indicator" of bicycling in the city hit an all-time high in 2013.

qas: question: Who supplies NYC with drinkable water?
answers: text: Catskill Mountains watershed

question: From what mountain range does New York's drinking water come from?
answers: text: Catskill Mountains

question: How much is being spent on a water purification plant at the Croton Watershed?
answers: text: US$3.2 billion

question: After the water purification plant at the Croton Watershed is built, how much more water will be added to the city's supply each day?
answers: text: 290 million gallons

question: What percent increase in water supply will the city see after the Croton Watershed plant is finished?
answers: text: 20%

question: In what geographical direction would a New Yorker travel to reach the Croton Watershed?
answers: text: north
context: New York City is supplied with drinking water by the protected Catskill Mountains watershed. As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed natural water filtration system, New York is one of only four major cities in the United States the majority of whose drinking water is pure enough not to require purification by water treatment plants. The Croton Watershed north of the city is undergoing construction of a US$3.2 billion water purification plant to augment New York City's water supply by an estimated 290 million gallons daily, representing a greater than 20% addition to the city's current availability of water. The ongoing expansion of New York City Water Tunnel No. 3, an integral part of the New York City water supply system, is the largest capital construction project in the city's history.

qas: question: How many members are on the NYC city council?
answers: text: 51

question: How many terms can the mayjor of NYC serve in total?
answers: text: three

question: What is the duration of a New York City councilperson's term?
answers: text: four-year

question: How many councilors sit on the City Council?
answers: text: 51

question: How many terms in a row can a person serve as mayor?
answers: text: three

question: What is the official journal of New York City?
answers: text: the City Record

question: If someone serves three consecutive terms as mayor and wants to run again, how many years must they wait?
answers: text: four
context: The Mayor and council members are elected to four-year terms. The City Council is a unicameral body consisting of 51 council members whose districts are defined by geographic population boundaries. Each term for the mayor and council members lasts four years and has a three consecutive-term limit, but can resume after a four-year break. The New York City Administrative Code, the New York City Rules, and the City Record are the code of local laws, compilation of regulations, and official journal, respectively.

qas: question: Which political party holds the majority of most office terms in NYC?
answers: text: Democrats

question: In 2008, what percentage of voters were democrats?
answers: text: 67

question: Which US president became the first to receive over 80 percent of NYC votes?
answers: text: Barack Obama

question: What was the last year that a republican candidate won all four boroughs of NYC?
answers: text: 1924

question: Which president won all of NYC in 1924?
answers: text: Calvin Coolidge

question: What party are most public officials of New York members of?
answers: text: Democratic Party

question: In November 2008, how many New Yorkers were registered as Democrats?
answers: text: 67%

question: In what year was the last presidential election when a Republican won New York City?
answers: text: 1924

question: How many boroughs did Barack Obama win in the 2012 presidential election?
answers: text: five

question: What political party was Calvin Coolidge a member of?
answers: text: Republican
context: The Democratic Party holds the majority of public offices. As of November 2008, 67% of registered voters in the city are Democrats. New York City has not been carried by a Republican in a statewide or presidential election since President Calvin Coolidge won the five boroughs in 1924. In 2012, Democrat Barack Obama became the first presidential candidate of any party to receive more than 80% of the overall vote in New York City, sweeping all five boroughs. Party platforms center on affordable housing, education, and economic development, and labor politics are of importance in the city.

qas: question: As of 2012, how many physicians were working in New York City?
answers: text: 43,523

question: Where is the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology located?
answers: text: Roosevelt Island

question: As of 2004, how many Nobel Prize winners had roots in New York institutions?
answers: text: 127
context: Much of the scientific research in the city is done in medicine and the life sciences. New York City has the most post-graduate life sciences degrees awarded annually in the United States, with 127 Nobel laureates having roots in local institutions as of 2004; while in 2012, 43,523 licensed physicians were practicing in New York City. Major biomedical research institutions include Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller University, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and Weill Cornell Medical College, being joined by the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology venture on Roosevelt Island.

qas: question: How many people are admitted to HHC institutions annually?
answers: text: 225,000

question: How many people visit HHC emergency rooms every year?
answers: text: one million

question: How many people visit HHC clinics annually?
answers: text: five million

question: What fraction of general hospital discharges receive treatment at HHC?
answers: text: one-fifth

question: What fraction of emergency room visits receive treatment at HHC?
answers: text: one third
context: Each year HHC's facilities provide about 225,000 admissions, one million emergency room visits and five million clinic visits to New Yorkers. HHC facilities treat nearly one-fifth of all general hospital discharges and more than one third of emergency room and hospital-based clinic visits in New York City.

qas: question: Being exposed to what type of pollution has been theorized to increase aggression?
answers: text: lead

question: The decrease in crime in New York is sometimes attributed to the decline of what street drug?
answers: text: crack
context: Sociologists and criminologists have not reached consensus on the explanation for the dramatic decrease in the city's crime rate. Some attribute the phenomenon to new tactics used by the NYPD, including its use of CompStat and the broken windows theory. Others cite the end of the crack epidemic and demographic changes, including from immigration. Another theory is that widespread exposure to lead pollution from automobile exhaust, which can lower intelligence and increase aggression levels, incited the initial crime wave in the mid-20th century, most acutely affecting heavily trafficked cities like New York. A strong correlation was found demonstrating that violent crime rates in New York and other big cities began to fall after lead was removed from American gasoline in the 1970s. Another theory cited to explain New York City's falling homicide rate is the inverse correlation between the number of murders and the increasingly wetter climate in the city.

qas: question: Who commented on New York that "culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather"?
answers: text: Tom Wolfe

question: In what library can the book New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 be found?
answers: text: the National Library of Australia

question: What institution of higher education has described New York as the cultural capital of the world?
answers: text: Baruch College

question: Along with Latvia, the consulate of what country has called New York the cultural capital of the world?
answers: text: Iceland
context: New York City has been described as the cultural capital of the world by the diplomatic consulates of Iceland and Latvia and by New York's Baruch College. A book containing a series of essays titled New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 has also been published as showcased by the National Library of Australia. In describing New York, author Tom Wolfe said, "Culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather."

qas: question: In what borough is the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: In what part of Manhattan can you find Lincoln Square?
answers: text: Upper West Side

question: In what square is the theater named after Lee Strasberg located?
answers: text: Union Square

question: At what institution of higher education is the Tisch School of the Arts located?
answers: text: New York University

question: In what New York park can one find performances at no cost?
answers: text: Central Park
context: Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, anchoring Lincoln Square on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, is home to numerous influential arts organizations, including the Metropolitan Opera, New York City Opera, New York Philharmonic, and New York City Ballet, as well as the Vivian Beaumont Theater, the Juilliard School, Jazz at Lincoln Center, and Alice Tully Hall. The Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute is in Union Square, and Tisch School of the Arts is based at New York University, while Central Park SummerStage presents performances of free plays and music in Central Park.

qas: question: What New York thoroughfare is Museum Mile located on?
answers: text: Fifth Avenue

question: In what borough is Museum Mile located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: When was the Guggenheim built?
answers: text: 1959

question: In what year was the grand opening of the Museum for African Art on 110th Street?
answers: text: 2012

question: In what part of Manhattan is the Museum Mile located?
answers: text: Upper East Side
context: New York City is home to hundreds of cultural institutions and historic sites, many of which are internationally known. Museum Mile is the name for a section of Fifth Avenue running from 82nd to 105th streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, in an area sometimes called Upper Carnegie Hill. The Mile, which contains one of the densest displays of culture in the world, is actually three blocks longer than one mile (1.6 km). Ten museums occupy the length of this section of Fifth Avenue. The tenth museum, the Museum for African Art, joined the ensemble in 2009, however its Museum at 110th Street, the first new museum constructed on the Mile since the Guggenheim in 1959, opened in late 2012. In addition to other programming, the museums collaborate for the annual Museum Mile Festival, held each year in June, to promote the museums and increase visitation. Many of the world's most lucrative art auctions are held in New York City.

qas: question: Along with New Yorkese, what is another name for the New York dialect?
answers: text: Brooklynese
context: The New York area is home to a distinctive regional speech pattern called the New York dialect, alternatively known as Brooklynese or New Yorkese. It has generally been considered one of the most recognizable accents within American English. The classic version of this dialect is centered on middle and working-class people of European descent. However, the influx of non-European immigrants in recent decades has led to changes in this distinctive dialect, and the traditional form of this speech pattern is no longer as prevalent among general New Yorkers as in the past.

qas: question: What sitcom did the Archie Bunker character feature in?
answers: text: All in the Family

question: What actor performed the role of Archie Bunker?
answers: text: Carroll O'Connor

question: What is the transliteration of the way in which New Yorkers are perceived to pronounce the name of their city?
answers: text: New Yawk
context: The traditional New York area accent is characterized as non-rhotic, so that the sound [ɹ] does not appear at the end of a syllable or immediately before a consonant; hence the pronunciation of the city name as "New Yawk." There is no [ɹ] in words like park [pɑək] or [pɒək] (with vowel backed and diphthongized due to the low-back chain shift), butter [bʌɾə], or here [hiə]. In another feature called the low back chain shift, the [ɔ] vowel sound of words like talk, law, cross, chocolate, and coffee and the often homophonous [ɔr] in core and more are tensed and usually raised more than in General American. In the most old-fashioned and extreme versions of the New York dialect, the vowel sounds of words like "girl" and of words like "oil" became a diphthong [ɜɪ]. This would often be misperceived by speakers of other accents as a reversal of the er and oy sounds, so that girl is pronounced "goil" and oil is pronounced "erl"; this leads to the caricature of New Yorkers saying things like "Joizey" (Jersey), "Toidy-Toid Street" (33rd St.) and "terlet" (toilet). The character Archie Bunker from the 1970s sitcom All in the Family (played by Carroll O'Connor) was a notable example of having used this pattern of speech, which continues to fade in its overall presence.

qas: question: What Major League Soccer franchise is based in New York?
answers: text: New York City FC

question: What stadium does the New York City FC call home?
answers: text: Yankee Stadium

question: In what city are the New York Red Bulls based?
answers: text: Harrison, New Jersey

question: What famous soccer player played for the New York Cosmos?
answers: text: Pelé

question: At what institution of higher education is James M. Shuart Stadium located?
answers: text: Hofstra University
context: In soccer, New York City is represented by New York City FC of Major League Soccer, who play their home games at Yankee Stadium. The New York Red Bulls play their home games at Red Bull Arena in nearby Harrison, New Jersey. Historically, the city is known for the New York Cosmos, the highly successful former professional soccer team which was the American home of Pelé, one of the world's most famous soccer players. A new version of the New York Cosmos was formed in 2010, and began play in the second division North American Soccer League in 2013. The Cosmos play their home games at James M. Shuart Stadium on the campus of Hofstra University, just outside the New York City limits in Hempstead, New York.

qas: question: What fraction of United States rail riders call the New York City Metropolitan Area home?
answers: text: two-thirds
context: Mass transit in New York City, most of which runs 24 hours a day, accounts for one in every three users of mass transit in the United States, and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

qas: question: How many rail lines are there on New York City's commuter rail network?
answers: text: 20

question: About how many stations does New York City's commuter rail network have?
answers: text: 250

question: The AirTrain has a station at what airport?
answers: text: JFK International Airport

question: What Amtrak station in New York sees the most use?
answers: text: Pennsylvania Station

question: In what borough is Pennsylvania Station located?
answers: text: Manhattan
context: New York City's commuter rail network is the largest in North America. The rail network, connecting New York City to its suburbs, consists of the Long Island Rail Road, Metro-North Railroad, and New Jersey Transit. The combined systems converge at Grand Central Terminal and Pennsylvania Station and contain more than 250 stations and 20 rail lines. In Queens, the elevated AirTrain people mover system connects JFK International Airport to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road; a separate AirTrain system is planned alongside the Grand Central Parkway to connect LaGuardia Airport to these transit systems. For intercity rail, New York City is served by Amtrak, whose busiest station by a significant margin is Pennsylvania Station on the West Side of Manhattan, from which Amtrak provides connections to Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. along the Northeast Corridor, as well as long-distance train service to other North American cities.

qas: question: How many 24-hour rapid transit systems are located in New York?
answers: text: three

question: What 24-hour rapid transit system is in Philadelphia?
answers: text: PATCO Speedline

question: What 24-hour rapid transit system is outside the United States?
answers: text: Copenhagen Metro

question: What does the acronym PATH stand for?
answers: text: Port Authority Trans-Hudson
context: The Staten Island Railway rapid transit system solely serves Staten Island, operating 24 hours a day. The Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH train) links Midtown and Lower Manhattan to northeastern New Jersey, primarily Hoboken, Jersey City, and Newark. Like the New York City Subway, the PATH operates 24 hours a day; meaning three of the six rapid transit systems in the world which operate on 24-hour schedules are wholly or partly in New York (the others are a portion of the Chicago 'L', the PATCO Speedline serving Philadelphia, and the Copenhagen Metro).

qas: question: Along with the East Side Access project and 7 Subway Extension, what heavy-rail project is being built in New York City?
answers: text: the Second Avenue Subway
context: Multibillion US$ heavy-rail transit projects under construction in New York City include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the 7 Subway Extension.

qas: question: About how many yellow cabs operate in New York?
answers: text: 12,000

question: Where does the aerial tramway that starts on Roosevelt Island terminate?
answers: text: Manhattan Island
context: Other features of the city's transportation infrastructure encompass more than 12,000 yellow taxicabs; various competing startup transportation network companies; and an aerial tramway that transports commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan Island.

qas: question: What industry is Broadway associated with?
answers: text: the theater

question: What industry is Wall Street associated with?
answers: text: finance

question: What industry is Madison Avenue associated with?
answers: text: advertising

question: What New York street is associated with fashion?
answers: text: Seventh Avenue
context: Despite New York's heavy reliance on its vast public transit system, streets are a defining feature of the city. Manhattan's street grid plan greatly influenced the city's physical development. Several of the city's streets and avenues, like Broadway, Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and Seventh Avenue are also used as metonyms for national industries there: the theater, finance, advertising, and fashion organizations, respectively.

qas: question: At what time are drivers in New York most likely to experience traffic jams?
answers: text: rush hour

question: What geographical portion of Connecticut is linked to New York via highway?
answers: text: southwestern

question: What part of New Jersey can be reached from New York by taking the expressway?
answers: text: northern
context: New York City also has an extensive web of expressways and parkways, which link the city's boroughs to each other as well as to northern New Jersey, Westchester County, Long Island, and southwestern Connecticut through various bridges and tunnels. Because these highways serve millions of outer borough and suburban residents who commute into Manhattan, it is quite common for motorists to be stranded for hours in traffic jams that are a daily occurrence, particularly during rush hour.

qas: question: What island is the borough of Brooklyn located on?
answers: text: Long Island

question: Queens is located on what part of Long Island?
answers: text: the west end

question: The borough of Staten Island is primarily located on what island?
answers: text: Staten Island
context: New York City is located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, and the boroughs of Manhattan and Staten Island are (primarily) coterminous with islands of the same names, while Queens and Brooklyn are located at the west end of the larger Long Island, and The Bronx is located at the southern tip of New York State's mainland. This situation of boroughs separated by water led to the development of an extensive infrastructure of bridges and tunnels. Nearly all of the city's major bridges and tunnels are notable, and several have broken or set records.

qas: question: What architectural style does the Throgs Neck Bridge reflect?
answers: text: Structural Expressionism

question: The Queensboro Bridge utilized what type of construction?
answers: text: cantilever
context: The Queensboro Bridge is an important piece of cantilever architecture. The Manhattan Bridge, Throgs Neck Bridge, Triborough Bridge, and Verrazano-Narrows Bridge are all examples of Structural Expressionism.

qas: question: How many clean diesel and hybrid taxicabs did New York City have in 2010?
answers: text: 3,715

question: What percentage of the New York City cab fleet was clean diesel or hybrid in 2010?
answers: text: 28%
context: New York City has focused on reducing its environmental impact and carbon footprint. Mass transit use in New York City is the highest in the United States. Also, by 2010, the city had 3,715 hybrid taxis and other clean diesel vehicles, representing around 28% of New York's taxi fleet in service, the most of any city in North America.

qas: question: What percent reduction of greenhouse gases does Mayor de Blasio want to see by 2050?
answers: text: 80%

question: What is the name of a notable green office building in New York?
answers: text: Hearst Tower

question: What legal case sought to compel the Environmental Protection Agency to regular greenhouse gases?
answers: text: Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency
context: The city government was a petitioner in the landmark Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency Supreme Court case forcing the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants. The city is also a leader in the construction of energy-efficient green office buildings, including the Hearst Tower among others. Mayor Bill de Blasio has committed to an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions between 2014 and 2050 to reduce the city's contributions to climate change, beginning with a comprehensive "Green Buildings" plan.

qas: question: How long is Newtown Creek in kilometers?
answers: text: 6

question: How many cubic meters of oil is supposed to be in Newtown Creek?
answers: text: 110,000

question: What notable accidental fossil fuel discharge occurred at Newtown Creek?
answers: text: the Greenpoint oil spill
context: Newtown Creek, a 3.5-mile (6-kilometer) a long estuary that forms part of the border between the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, has been designated a Superfund site for environmental clean-up and remediation of the waterway's recreational and economic resources for many communities. One of the most heavily used bodies of water in the Port of New York and New Jersey, it had been one of the most contaminated industrial sites in the country, containing years of discarded toxins, an estimated 30 million US gallons (110,000 m3) of spilled oil, including the Greenpoint oil spill, raw sewage from New York City's sewer system, and other accumulation.

qas: question: What type of government does New York City have?
answers: text: mayor-council

question: In what year did New York City adopt the mayor-council form of government?
answers: text: 1898
context: New York City has been a metropolitan municipality with a mayor-council form of government since its consolidation in 1898. The government of New York is more centralized than that of most other U.S. cities. In New York City, the city government is responsible for public education, correctional institutions, public safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply, and welfare services.

qas: question: What numbered department of the Supreme Court is located in Brooklyn?
answers: text: Second

question: In what borough is the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What branch of government are the administrative courts a part of?
answers: text: executive
context: Each borough is coextensive with a judicial district of the state Unified Court System, of which the Criminal Court and the Civil Court are the local courts, while the New York Supreme Court conducts major trials and appeals. Manhattan hosts the First Department of the Supreme Court, Appellate Division while Brooklyn hosts the Second Department. There are also several extrajudicial administrative courts, which are executive agencies and not part of the state Unified Court System.

qas: question: In what borough is the main courthouse of the District Court for the Southern District of New York located?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What federal district court has its main courthouse in Brooklyn?
answers: text: the Eastern District of New York

question: What square is home to the US Court of International Trade?
answers: text: Foley Square

question: What federal district court has jurisdiction over Staten Island?
answers: text: the District Court for the Eastern District of New York

question: In what borough is the New York City Hall found?
answers: text: Manhattan
context: Uniquely among major American cities, New York is divided between, and is host to the main branches of, two different US district courts: the District Court for the Southern District of New York, whose main courthouse is on Foley Square near City Hall in Manhattan and whose jurisdiction includes Manhattan and the Bronx, and the District Court for the Eastern District of New York, whose main courthouse is in Brooklyn and whose jurisdiction includes Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and US Court of International Trade are also based in New York, also on Foley Square in Manhattan.

qas: question: Four-fifths of the ZIP codes that provide the highest amount of political contributions in the United States are located in what borough?
answers: text: Manhattan

question: What ZIP code was responsible for the greatest amount of contributions in the 2004 presidential election for both candidates?
answers: text: 10021

question: How much money in cents does New York City receive for every dollar paid in federal taxes?
answers: text: 83

question: How much more money does the city give to the state of New York annually than it receives?
answers: text: $11 billion

question: Each year, how much more money does New York City give to the federal government than it gets back?
answers: text: $11.4 billion
context: New York is the most important source of political fundraising in the United States, as four of the top five ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions are in Manhattan. The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the 2004 presidential campaigns of George W. Bush and John Kerry. The city has a strong imbalance of payments with the national and state governments. It receives 83 cents in services for every $1 it sends to the federal government in taxes (or annually sends $11.4 billion more than it receives back). The city also sends an additional $11 billion more each year to the state of New York than it receives back.

qas: question: What is the new name of the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc.?
answers: text: New York City Global Partners

question: In what year did the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. have its name changed?
answers: text: 2006
context: In 2006, the Sister City Program of the City of New York, Inc. was restructured and renamed New York City Global Partners. New York City has expanded its international outreach via this program to a network of cities worldwide, promoting the exchange of ideas and innovation between their citizenry and policymakers, according to the city's website. New York's historic sister cities are denoted below by the year they joined New York City's partnership network.