Seattle

qas: question: To what golden event was Seattle the portal?
answers: text: Klondike Gold Rush

question: In what area was the Klondike Gold Rush located?
answers: text: Alaska

question: What was Seattle's first primary money maker?
answers: text: Logging

question: What was the airplane company that helped Seattle return to economic stability? 
answers: text: Boeing

question: Which large technology giant established its home base in Seattle?
answers: text: Microsoft
context: Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. By 1910, Seattle was one of the 25 largest cities in the country. However, the Great Depression severely damaged the city's economy. Growth returned during and after World War II, due partially to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed as a technology center beginning in the 1980s, with companies like Microsoft becoming established in the region. In 1994 the Internet retail giant Amazon was founded in Seattle. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, which increased the city's population by almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000.

qas: question: Of which Washington county is Seattle the center?
answers: text: King County

question: By 2015 what was Seattle's population?
answers: text: 662,400

question: By what time was Seattle the most rapidly growing city in the US?
answers: text: July 2013

question: How far away is the Canadian border from Seattle?
answers: text: 100 miles

question: What is Seattle's ranking in North America in terms of container processing? 
answers: text: third largest
context: Seattle (i/siˈætəl/) is a West Coast seaport city and the seat of King County. With an estimated 662,400 residents as of 2015[update], Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013 it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States, and remained in the top five in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. The Seattle metropolitan area of around 3.6 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 miles (160 km) south of the Canada–United States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the third largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015.

qas: question: What group of settlers established a site at Pioneer Square?
answers: text: Denny Party

question: by what name did Charles Terry and John Low first name their settlement?
answers: text: New York

question: What was the Chinook enhanced name of Terry and Low's settlement?
answers: text: New York Alki

question: What site was eventually abandoned when the settlers moved back in with Denny?
answers: text: New York Alki

question: When was New York Alki established?
answers: text: April 1853
context: After a difficult winter, most of the Denny Party relocated across Elliott Bay and claimed land a second time at the site of present-day Pioneer Square. Charles Terry and John Low remained at the original landing location and reestablished their old land claim and called it "New York", but renamed "New York Alki" in April 1853, from a Chinook word meaning, roughly, "by and by" or "someday". For the next few years, New York Alki and Duwamps competed for dominance, but in time Alki was abandoned and its residents moved across the bay to join the rest of the settlers.

qas: question: At what date did the name Seattle first appear on official papers?
answers: text: May 23, 1853

question: When were the first land allocations made in Seattle?
answers: text: May 23, 1853

question: At what date was Seattle incorporated as a town?
answers: text: January 14, 1865

question: What type of governing body did Seattle have in 1869?
answers: text: Mayor-council

question: What famous Indian appears on the seal of Seattle?
answers: text: Chief Sealth
context: The name "Seattle" appears on official Washington Territory papers dated May 23, 1853, when the first plats for the village were filed. In 1855, nominal land settlements were established. On January 14, 1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of trustees managing the city. The town of Seattle was disincorporated January 18, 1867 and remained a mere precinct of King County until late 1869, when a new petition was filed and the city was re-incorporated December 2, 1869 with a Mayor-council government. The corporate seal of the City of Seattle carries the date "1869" and a likeness of Chief Sealth in left profile.

qas: question: What was the industry source that produced Seattle's first financial vigor?
answers: text: lumber

question: What name was given to the street Yesler Way?
answers: text: Skid Road

question: After Yesler Way fell into ill refute, what was the term generally used for this type of decline?
answers: text: Skid Row

question: What events occurred in 1885-1886 due to racial disputes?
answers: text: anti-Chinese riots

question: What percentage of the Seattle population was Asian in 1900?
answers: text: 4.2%
context: The first such boom, covering the early years of the city, rode on the lumber industry. (During this period the road now known as Yesler Way won the nickname "Skid Road", supposedly after the timber skidding down the hill to Henry Yesler's sawmill. The later dereliction of the area may be a possible origin for the term which later entered the wider American lexicon as Skid Row.) Like much of the American West, Seattle saw numerous conflicts between labor and management, as well as ethnic tensions that culminated in the anti-Chinese riots of 1885–1886. This violence originated with unemployed whites who were determined to drive the Chinese from Seattle (anti-Chinese riots also occurred in Tacoma). In 1900, Asians were 4.2% of the population. Authorities declared martial law and federal troops arrived to put down the disorder.

qas: question: After lumbering, what was Seattle's second big economic boom?
answers: text: Klondike Gold Rush

question: What event ended the Gold Rush?
answers: text: depression

question: What was the start of the depression that stopped the Gold Rush?
answers: text: Panic of 1893

question: For whom was Seattle the main port of supply ?
answers: text: miners

question: What company did James E. Casey found in 1907 with a borrowed $100?
answers: text: American Messenger Company
context: The second and most dramatic boom and bust resulted from the Klondike Gold Rush, which ended the depression that had begun with the Panic of 1893; in a short time, Seattle became a major transportation center. On July 14, 1897, the S.S. Portland docked with its famed "ton of gold", and Seattle became the main transport and supply point for the miners in Alaska and the Yukon. Few of those working men found lasting wealth, however; it was Seattle's business of clothing the miners and feeding them salmon that panned out in the long run. Along with Seattle, other cities like Everett, Tacoma, Port Townsend, Bremerton, and Olympia, all in the Puget Sound region, became competitors for exchange, rather than mother lodes for extraction, of precious metals. The boom lasted well into the early part of the 20th century and funded many new Seattle companies and products. In 1907, 19-year-old James E. Casey borrowed $100 from a friend and founded the American Messenger Company (later UPS). Other Seattle companies founded during this period include Nordstrom and Eddie Bauer. Seattle brought in the Olmsted Brothers landscape architecture firm to design a system of parks and boulevards.

qas: question: During WWII what company added substantially to Seattle's economy?
answers: text: Boeing aircraft

question: What national event during WWII left Seattle without Japanese businessmen?
answers: text: Japanese American internment

question: In what facet of the economy did Boeing excel?
answers: text: commercial airliner market

question: How did Seattle celebrate its economic rise in 1962?
answers: text: 1962 World's Fair

question: What company's downturn drastically effected Seattle's economy?
answers: text: Boeing
context: War work again brought local prosperity during World War II, this time centered on Boeing aircraft. The war dispersed the city's numerous Japanese-American businessmen due to the Japanese American internment. After the war, the local economy dipped. It rose again with Boeing's growing dominance in the commercial airliner market. Seattle celebrated its restored prosperity and made a bid for world recognition with the Century 21 Exposition, the 1962 World's Fair. Another major local economic downturn was in the late 1960s and early 1970s, at a time when Boeing was heavily affected by the oil crises, loss of Government contracts, and costs and delays associated with the Boeing 747. Many people left the area to look for work elsewhere, and two local real estate agents put up a billboard reading "Will the last person leaving Seattle – Turn out the lights."

qas: question: What type of theater did Alexander Pantages start in Seattle?
answers: text: vaudeville

question: When did Pantages open his movie houses?
answers: text: 1902

question: Who was Pantages competitor in the theater business?
answers: text: John Considine

question: Who was the architect who built a number of theaters in the Seattle area?
answers: text: B. Marcus Priteca

question: Which of Seattle's famous, and still extant,  theaters did Priteca disign?
answers: text: Paramount Theatre
context: Seattle was also the home base of impresario Alexander Pantages who, starting in 1902, opened a number of theaters in the city exhibiting vaudeville acts and silent movies. His activities soon expanded, and the thrifty Greek went on and became one of America's greatest theater and movie tycoons. Between Pantages and his rival John Considine, Seattle was for a while the western United States' vaudeville mecca. B. Marcus Priteca, the Scottish-born and Seattle-based architect, built several theaters for Pantages, including some in Seattle. The theaters he built for Pantages in Seattle have been either demolished or converted to other uses, but many other theaters survive in other cities of the U.S., often retaining the Pantages name; Seattle's surviving Paramount Theatre, on which he collaborated, was not a Pantages theater.

qas: question: When did Boeing move its headquarters to Chicago?
answers: text: 2001

question: What did Boeing separate from its headquarters facilities?
answers: text: production facilities

question: Besides the Renton plant, where else are airplanes made for Boeing?
answers: text: Everett

question: To whom is the Boeing credit union open?
answers: text: all residents

question: Before 2001, where was Boeing headquartered?
answers: text: Seattle
context: Seattle remained the corporate headquarters of Boeing until 2001, when the company separated its headquarters from its major production facilities; the headquarters were moved to Chicago. The Seattle area is still home to Boeing's Renton narrow-body plant (where the 707, 720, 727, and 757 were assembled, and the 737 is assembled today) and Everett wide-body plant (assembly plant for the 747, 767, 777, and 787). The company's credit union for employees, BECU, remains based in the Seattle area, though it is now open to all residents of Washington.

qas: question: When was ship building the economic master in Seattle?
answers: text: World War I

question: What was the first general labor strike in the 20th century?
answers: text: Seattle General Strike

question: When did the General Strike happen in Seattle?
answers: text: 1919

question: What major strike in 1934 damaged Seattle's maritime economy?
answers: text: Maritime Strike

question: What city profited by Seattle's Maritime Strike?
answers: text: Port of Los Angeles.
context: A shipbuilding boom in the early part of the 20th century became massive during World War I, making Seattle somewhat of a company town; the subsequent retrenchment led to the Seattle General Strike of 1919, the first general strike in the country. A 1912 city development plan by Virgil Bogue went largely unused. Seattle was mildly prosperous in the 1920s but was particularly hard hit in the Great Depression, experiencing some of the country's harshest labor strife in that era. Violence during the Maritime Strike of 1934 cost Seattle much of its maritime traffic, which was rerouted to the Port of Los Angeles.

qas: question: What violent act happened in Seattle's Chinatown in 1983?
answers: text: Wah Mee massacre

question: What type of establishment was Wan Mee?
answers: text: gambling club

question: Which huge tech corporation moved its headquarters the Seattle area?
answers: text: Microsoft

question: What item for sale in 2000 Seattle was some of the most costly in the US?
answers: text: real estate

question: About what time did the big tech boom in Seattle fizzle?
answers: text: early 2001
context: As prosperity began to return in the 1980s, the city was stunned by the Wah Mee massacre in 1983, when 13 people were killed in an illegal gambling club in the International District, Seattle's Chinatown. Beginning with Microsoft's 1979 move from Albuquerque, New Mexico to nearby Bellevue, Washington, Seattle and its suburbs became home to a number of technology companies including Amazon.com, RealNetworks, Nintendo of America, McCaw Cellular (now part of AT&T Mobility), VoiceStream (now T-Mobile), and biomedical corporations such as HeartStream (later purchased by Philips), Heart Technologies (later purchased by Boston Scientific), Physio-Control (later purchased by Medtronic), ZymoGenetics, ICOS (later purchased by Eli Lilly and Company) and Immunex (later purchased by Amgen). This success brought an influx of new residents with a population increase within city limits of almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000, and saw Seattle's real estate become some of the most expensive in the country. In 1993, the movie Sleepless in Seattle brought the city further national attention. Many of the Seattle area's tech companies remained relatively strong, but the frenzied dot-com boom years ended in early 2001.

qas: question: What sporting event did Seattle sponsor in 1990?
answers: text: Goodwill Games

question: What is Seattle's musical genre developed in the 1990s? 
answers: text: grunge

question: When did Seattle offer the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference?
answers: text: 1999

question: What caused bad press during the conference protests in Seattle?
answers: text: police reactions

question: What was the geologic event that followed the Mardi Gras Riots in2001?
answers: text: Nisqually earthquake
context: Seattle in this period attracted widespread attention as home to these many companies, but also by hosting the 1990 Goodwill Games and the APEC leaders conference in 1993, as well as through the worldwide popularity of grunge, a sound that had developed in Seattle's independent music scene. Another bid for worldwide attention—hosting the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999—garnered visibility, but not in the way its sponsors desired, as related protest activity and police reactions to those protests overshadowed the conference itself. The city was further shaken by the Mardi Gras Riots in 2001, and then literally shaken the following day by the Nisqually earthquake.

qas: question: What water mass is located west of Seattle?
answers: text: Puget Sound

question: What lake is to the east of Seattle?
answers: text: Lake Washington

question: Where is Seattle's prime harbor?
answers: text: Elliott Bay

question: Because Elliott Bay is salt water, what kind of port is Seattle?
answers: text: oceanic port

question: What land area is west of Puget Sound?
answers: text: Olympic Peninsula
context: Seattle is located between the saltwater Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) to the west and Lake Washington to the east. The city's chief harbor, Elliott Bay, is part of Puget Sound, which makes the city an oceanic port. To the west, beyond Puget Sound, are the Kitsap Peninsula and Olympic Mountains on the Olympic Peninsula; to the east, beyond Lake Washington and the eastside suburbs, are Lake Sammamish and the Cascade Range. Lake Washington's waters flow to Puget Sound through the Lake Washington Ship Canal (consisting of two man-made canals, Lake Union, and the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks at Salmon Bay, ending in Shilshole Bay on Puget Sound).

qas: question: What large company moved its headquarters to South Lake Union in Seattle?
answers: text: Amazon.com

question: When did Amazon begin its latest expansion?
answers: text: 2010

question: How many new people move to Seattle each year?
answers: text: 14,511

question: How much of their income do half of Seattle's population have to spend on housing?
answers: text: more than half

question: Where does Seattle rank in rush hour traffic?
answers: text: sixth-worst
context: Yet another boom began as the city emerged from the Great Recession. Amazon.com moved its headquarters from North Beacon Hill to South Lake Union and began a rapid expansion. For the five years beginning in 2010, Seattle gained an average of 14,511 residents per year, with the growth strongly skewed toward the center of the city, as unemployment dropped from roughly 9 percent to 3.6 percent. The city has found itself "bursting at the seams," with over 45,000 households spending more than half their income on housing and at least 2,800 people homeless, and with the country's sixth-worst rush hour traffic.

qas: question: What hazardous geologic area does Seattle inhabit?
answers: text: Pacific Ring of Fire

question: What was the magnitude of the Nisqually quake?
answers: text: 6.8

question: On what date did the Nisqually earthquake occur that damaged the Pioneer Square area?
answers: text: February 28, 2001

question: What is the amount of magnitude possible on the Cascadia subduction zone?
answers: text: 9.0 or greater

question: What type of land area is at most risk of earthquake damage?
answers: text: reclaimed land
context: Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone. On February 28, 2001, the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually earthquake did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused only one fatality. Other strong quakes occurred on January 26, 1700 (estimated at 9 magnitude), December 14, 1872 (7.3 or 7.4), April 13, 1949 (7.1), and April 29, 1965 (6.5). The 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly, and one more by heart failure. Although the Seattle Fault passes just south of the city center, neither it nor the Cascadia subduction zone has caused an earthquake since the city's founding. The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or greater, capable of seriously damaging the city and collapsing many buildings, especially in zones built on fill.

qas: question: What other famous city, besides Seattle, lies on seven hills?
answers: text: Rome

question: What type of land area does Capital hill, First Hill, and Beacon Hill constitute?
answers: text: ridge

question: What artificial geological feature was added to Seattle in 1909?
answers: text: Harbor Island

question: Where is the highest place in Seattle?
answers: text: High Point

question: Where was Harbor Island built?
answers: text: Duwamish Waterway
context: The city itself is hilly, though not uniformly so. Like Rome, the city is said to lie on seven hills; the lists vary, but typically include Capitol Hill, First Hill, West Seattle, Beacon Hill, Queen Anne, Magnolia, and the former Denny Hill. The Wallingford, Mount Baker, and Crown Hill neighborhoods are technically located on hills as well. Many of the hilliest areas are near the city center, with Capitol Hill, First Hill, and Beacon Hill collectively constituting something of a ridge along an isthmus between Elliott Bay and Lake Washington. The break in the ridge between First Hill and Beacon Hill is man-made, the result of two of the many regrading projects that reshaped the topography of the city center. The topography of the city center was also changed by the construction of a seawall and the artificial Harbor Island (completed 1909) at the mouth of the city's industrial Duwamish Waterway, the terminus of the Green River. The highest point within city limits is at High Point in West Seattle, which is roughly located near 35th Ave SW and SW Myrtle St. Other notable hills include Crown Hill, View Ridge/Wedgwood/Bryant, Maple Leaf, Phinney Ridge, Mt. Baker Ridge and Highlands/Carkeek/Bitterlake.

qas: question: What is the average rainfall in Seattle? 
answers: text: 37.49 inches

question: Where on the Olympic Peninsula does the rainfall average 142 inches a year?
answers: text: Hoh Rain Forest

question: What weather factor produces a great variance in local climates in the Seattle area?
answers: text: variations in microclimate

question: What is the capital of the state of Washington?
answers: text: Olympia

question: What mountain range is the cause of the variance in rainfall?
answers: text: Olympic Mountains
context: From 1981 to 2010, the average annual precipitation measured at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport was 37.49 inches (952 mm). Annual precipitation has ranged from 23.78 in (604 mm) in 1952 to 55.14 in (1,401 mm) in 1950; for water year (October 1 – September 30) precipitation, the range is 23.16 in (588 mm) in 1976–77 to 51.82 in (1,316 mm) in 1996–97. Due to local variations in microclimate, Seattle also receives significantly lower precipitation than some other locations west of the Cascades. Around 80 mi (129 km) to the west, the Hoh Rain Forest in Olympic National Park on the western flank of the Olympic Mountains receives an annual average precipitation of 142 in (3.61 m). Sixty miles to the south of Seattle, the state capital Olympia, which is out of the Olympic Mountains' rain shadow, receives an annual average precipitation of 50 in (1,270 mm). The city of Bremerton, about 15 mi (24 km) west of downtown Seattle, receives 56.4 in (1,430 mm) of precipitation annually.

qas: question: During which month does Seattle get more precipitation than other US cities?
answers: text: November

question: When does Seattle get it lowest levels of precipitation?
answers: text: June to September

question: In the lower 48 states, which city receives some of the least sunny days that any other?
answers: text: Seattle

question: What weather feature is highly unusual in Seattle?
answers: text: Thunderstorms

question: About how many days a year is thunder a reported weather event in Seattle?
answers: text: seven
context: In November, Seattle averages more rainfall than any other U.S. city of more than 250,000 people; it also ranks highly in winter precipitation. Conversely, the city receives some of the lowest precipitation amounts of any large city from June to September. Seattle is one of the five rainiest major U.S. cities as measured by the number of days with precipitation, and it receives some of the lowest amounts of annual sunshine among major cities in the lower 48 states, along with some cities in the Northeast, Ohio and Michigan. Thunderstorms are rare, as the city reports thunder on just seven days per year. By comparison, Fort Myers, Florida reports thunder on 93 days per year, Kansas City on 52, and New York City on 25.

qas: question: What does the local water ways regulate in the Seattle area?
answers: text: Temperature extremes

question: What land mass protects Seattle from Pacific caused weather?
answers: text: Olympic Mountains

question: What geologic feature protects Seattle from the Arctic cold winds?
answers: text: Cascade Range

question: What type of rain fall does Seattle most often experience?
answers: text: light precipitation

question: At what location is most weather data collected for the Seattle area?
answers: text: Seattle–Tacoma International Airport
context: Temperature extremes are moderated by the adjacent Puget Sound, greater Pacific Ocean, and Lake Washington. The region is largely shielded from Pacific storms by the Olympic Mountains and from Arctic air by the Cascade Range. Despite being on the margin of the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains, the city has a reputation for frequent rain. This reputation stems from the frequency of light precipitation in the fall, winter, and spring. In an average year, at least 0.01 inches (0.25 mm) of precipitation falls on 150 days, more than nearly all U.S. cities east of the Rocky Mountains. It is cloudy 201 days out of the year and partly cloudy 93 days. Official weather and climatic data is collected at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, located about 19 km (12 mi) south of downtown in the city of SeaTac, which is at a higher elevation, and records more cloudy days and fewer partly cloudy days per year.

qas: question: What is a very significant part of Seattle's weather system?
answers: text: Puget Sound Convergence Zone

question: Of what is the Convergence Zone comprised?
answers: text: streams of air

question: From where do the two streams of air come?
answers: text: Pacific Ocean

question: What mountain Range splits the wind stream in the west of Seattle?
answers: text: Olympic Mountains

question: What bad wind and rain event was not caused by the Convergence Zone?
answers: text: Hanukkah Eve Wind Storm
context: The Puget Sound Convergence Zone is an important feature of Seattle's weather. In the convergence zone, air arriving from the north meets air flowing in from the south. Both streams of air originate over the Pacific Ocean; airflow is split by the Olympic Mountains to Seattle's west, then reunited to the east. When the air currents meet, they are forced upward, resulting in convection. Thunderstorms caused by this activity are usually weak and can occur north and south of town, but Seattle itself rarely receives more than occasional thunder and small hail showers. The Hanukkah Eve Wind Storm in December 2006 is an exception that brought heavy rain and winds gusting up to 69 mph (111 km/h), an event that was not caused by the Puget Sound Convergence Zone and was widespread across the Pacific Northwest.

qas: question: What type of snowfall is not often seen in Seattle?
answers: text: heavy snow

question: What is the usual average snowfall in Seattle?
answers: text: 6.8 inches

question: How many times has snowfall been reported at more than 6 inches since 1990?
answers: text: once

question: When was there a moderate snowfall  of over one foot that lasted on the ground two weeks?
answers: text: December 12–25, 2008

question: On what dates did Seattle experience a snow event of 6 feet?
answers: text: January 5–9, 1880
context: Seattle typically receives some snowfall on an annual basis but heavy snow is rare. Average annual snowfall, as measured at Sea-Tac Airport, is 6.8 inches (17.3 cm). Single calendar-day snowfall of six inches or greater has occurred on only 15 days since 1948, and only once since February 17, 1990, when 6.8 in (17.3 cm) of snow officially fell at Sea-Tac airport on January 18, 2012. This moderate snow event was officially the 12th snowiest calendar day at the airport since 1948 and snowiest since November 1985. Much of the city of Seattle proper received somewhat lesser snowfall accumulations. Locations to the south of Seattle received more, with Olympia and Chehalis receiving 14 to 18 in (36 to 46 cm). Another moderate snow event occurred from December 12–25, 2008, when over one foot (30 cm) of snow fell and stuck on much of the roads over those two weeks, when temperatures remained below 32 °F (0 °C), causing widespread difficulties in a city not equipped for clearing snow. The largest documented snowstorm occurred from January 5–9, 1880, with snow drifting to 6 feet (1.8 m) in places at the end of the snow event. From January 31 to February 2, 1916, another heavy snow event occurred with 29 in (74 cm) of snow on the ground by the time the event was over. With official records dating to 1948, the largest single-day snowfall is 20.0 in (51 cm) on January 13, 1950. Seasonal snowfall has ranged from zero in 1991–92 to 67.5 in (171 cm) in 1968–69, with trace amounts having occurred as recently as 2009–10. The month of January 1950 was particularly severe, bringing 57.2 in (145 cm) of snow, the most of any month along with the aforementioned record cold.

qas: question: What is Seattle's average December temperature? 
answers: text: 40.6 °F

question: How many winter days reach freezing in Seattle?
answers: text: 28 annual days

question: What month is the warmest in Seattle?
answers: text: August

question: What is August's usual temperature?
answers: text: 66.1 °F

question: How long is the growing season in the Seattle area?
answers: text: 250 days
context: Autumn, winter, and early spring are frequently characterized by rain. Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). Summers are sunny, dry and warm, with August, the warmest month, averaging 66.1 °F (18.9 °C), and with temperatures reaching 90 °F (32 °C) on 3.1 days per year, although 2011 is the most recent year to not reach 90 °F. The hottest officially recorded temperature was 103 °F (39 °C) on July 29, 2009; the coldest recorded temperature was 0 °F (−18 °C) on January 31, 1950; the record cold daily maximum is 16 °F (−9 °C) on January 14, 1950, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 71 °F (22 °C) the day the official record high was set. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 16 thru March 10, allowing a growing season of 250 days.

qas: question: What type of weather does Seattle have in the winter months?
answers: text: heaviest rainfall

question: What quantity of yearly rainfall does Seattle have during the winter?
answers: text: half

question: What are atmospheric rivers called  in the Seattle area?
answers: text: Pineapple Express

question: When did Seattle have hurricane type winds and heavy rains?
answers: text: December 2–4, 2007

question: How many deaths occurred during the 2007  heavy rains?
answers: text: five deaths
context: Seattle experiences its heaviest rainfall during the months of November, December and January, receiving roughly half of its annual rainfall (by volume) during this period. In late fall and early winter, atmospheric rivers (also known as "Pineapple Express" systems), strong frontal systems, and Pacific low pressure systems are common. Light rain & drizzle are the predominant forms of precipitation during the remainder of the year; for instance, on average, less than 1.6 in (41 mm) of rain falls in July and August combined when rain is rare. On occasion, Seattle experiences somewhat more significant weather events. One such event occurred on December 2–4, 2007, when sustained hurricane-force winds and widespread heavy rainfall associated with a strong Pineapple Express event occurred in the greater Puget Sound area and the western parts of Washington and Oregon. Precipitation totals exceeded 13.8 in (350 mm) in some areas with winds topping out at 209 km/h (130 mph) along coastal Oregon. It became the second wettest event in Seattle history when a little over 130 mm (5.1 in) of rain fell on Seattle in a 24-hour period. Lack of adaptation to the heavy rain contributed to five deaths and widespread flooding and damage.

qas: question: How many more people does Seattle expect to have by 2040?
answers: text: 200,000

question: Who wanted to grow Seattle by 60% by 2040?
answers: text: Greg Nickels

question: How much increase in population has the inner Seattle city had since 1990?
answers: text: 77%

question: What was the downtown Seattle population in 2009?
answers: text: 60,000

question: What change in building heights did Seattle make to increase population density in its downtown ?
answers: text: height limits
context: In recent years, the city has experienced steady population growth, and has been faced with the issue of accommodating more residents. In 2006, after growing by 4,000 citizens per year for the previous 16 years, regional planners expected the population of Seattle to grow by 200,000 people by 2040. However, former mayor Greg Nickels supported plans that would increase the population by 60%, or 350,000 people, by 2040 and worked on ways to accommodate this growth while keeping Seattle's single-family housing zoning laws. The Seattle City Council later voted to relax height limits on buildings in the greater part of Downtown, partly with the aim to increase residential density in the city centre. As a sign of increasing inner-city growth, the downtown population crested to over 60,000 in 2009, up 77% since 1990.

qas: question: How much did Seattle's foreign born population expand between 1990-2000?
answers: text: 40%

question: From where in China did most of the first immigrants come?
answers: text: Guangdong province

question: How many Vietnamese residents are there in Seattle? 
answers: text: 55,000

question: What is the population of Cambodian immigrants in Seattle?
answers: text: 19,000

question: What other group of people does Seattle have the largest percentage of in the US?
answers: text: self-identified mixed-race
context: Seattle's foreign-born population grew 40% between the 1990 and 2000 censuses. The Chinese population in the Seattle area has origins in mainland China, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia, and Taiwan. The earliest Chinese-Americans that came in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were almost entirely from Guangdong province. The Seattle area is also home to a large Vietnamese population of more than 55,000 residents, as well as over 30,000 Somali immigrants. The Seattle-Tacoma area is also home to one of the largest Cambodian communities in the United States, numbering about 19,000 Cambodian Americans, and one of the largest Samoan communities in the mainland U.S., with over 15,000 people having Samoan ancestry. Additionally, the Seattle area had the highest percentage of self-identified mixed-race people of any large metropolitan area in the United States, according to the 2000 United States Census Bureau. According to a 2012 HistoryLink study, Seattle's 98118 ZIP code (in the Columbia City neighborhood) was one of the most diverse ZIP Code Tabulation Areas in the United States.

qas: question: In 1960, what was the percentage of whites in the Seattle area?
answers: text: 91.6%

question: According to the 2010 census, what was the white population in Seattle?
answers: text: 69.5%

question: In 2006-2008, how many people in Seattle spoke English at home?
answers: text: 78.9%

question: What is the percentage of Asian speakers in Seattle?
answers: text: 10.2%

question: What is the basic race of most people in Seattle?
answers: text: white
context: Seattle's population historically has been predominantly white. The 2010 census showed that Seattle was one of the whitest big cities in the country, although its proportion of white residents has been gradually declining. In 1960, whites comprised 91.6% of the city's population, while in 2010 they comprised 69.5%. According to the 2006–2008 American Community Survey, approximately 78.9% of residents over the age of five spoke only English at home. Those who spoke Asian languages other than Indo-European languages made up 10.2% of the population, Spanish was spoken by 4.5% of the population, speakers of other Indo-European languages made up 3.9%, and speakers of other languages made up 2.5%.

qas: question: How many of the Fortune 500 companies are based in Seattle?
answers: text: Four

question: What famous coffee chain is home in Seattle?
answers: text: Starbucks

question: Which huge internet seller is headquartered in Seattle?
answers: text: Amazon.com

question: In what city near Seattle is Microsoft based?
answers: text: Redmond

question: What drink do the people of Seattle excel in drinking?
answers: text: coffee
context: Still, very large companies dominate the business landscape. Four companies on the 2013 Fortune 500 list of the United States' largest companies, based on total revenue, are headquartered in Seattle: Internet retailer Amazon.com (#49), coffee chain Starbucks (#208), department store Nordstrom (#227), and freight forwarder Expeditors International of Washington (#428). Other Fortune 500 companies popularly associated with Seattle are based in nearby Puget Sound cities. Warehouse club chain Costco (#22), the largest retail company in Washington, is based in Issaquah. Microsoft (#35) is located in Redmond. Weyerhaeuser, the forest products company (#363), is based in Federal Way. Finally, Bellevue is home to truck manufacturer Paccar (#168). Other major companies in the area include Nintendo of America in Redmond, T-Mobile US in Bellevue, Expedia Inc. in Bellevue and Providence Health & Services — the state's largest health care system and fifth largest employer — in Renton. The city has a reputation for heavy coffee consumption; coffee companies founded or based in Seattle include Starbucks, Seattle's Best Coffee, and Tully's. There are also many successful independent artisanal espresso roasters and cafés.

qas: question: Before they moved to Chicago, what was the biggest company headquartered in Seattle?
answers: text: Boeing

question: Where in the Seattle area does Boeing have manufacturing plants?
answers: text: Everett and Renton

question: Which past mayor of Seattle has been criticized for favoring the rich of industry at the expense of the people? 
answers: text: Mayor Greg Nickels

question: What type of businesses did Nickles want to attract to Seattle?
answers: text: biotech companies

question: For what did Forbes rank Seattle the most expensive?
answers: text: buying a house
context: Prior to moving its headquarters to Chicago, aerospace manufacturer Boeing (#30) was the largest company based in Seattle. Its largest division is still headquartered in nearby Renton, and the company has large aircraft manufacturing plants in Everett and Renton, so it remains the largest private employer in the Seattle metropolitan area. Former Seattle Mayor Greg Nickels announced a desire to spark a new economic boom driven by the biotechnology industry in 2006. Major redevelopment of the South Lake Union neighborhood is underway, in an effort to attract new and established biotech companies to the city, joining biotech companies Corixa (acquired by GlaxoSmithKline), Immunex (now part of Amgen), Trubion, and ZymoGenetics. Vulcan Inc., the holding company of billionaire Paul Allen, is behind most of the development projects in the region. While some see the new development as an economic boon, others have criticized Nickels and the Seattle City Council for pandering to Allen's interests at taxpayers' expense. Also in 2006, Expansion Magazine ranked Seattle among the top 10 metropolitan areas in the nation for climates favorable to business expansion. In 2005, Forbes ranked Seattle as the most expensive American city for buying a house based on the local income levels. In 2013, however, the magazine ranked Seattle No. 9 on its list of the Best Places for Business and Careers.

qas: question: What was Seattle's gross product in 2010?
answers: text: $231 billion

question: Where does Seattle rank in size of economy in 2010?
answers: text: 11th largest

question: How does the Port of Seattle container capability rank as compared to others in the US?
answers: text: 8th largest port

question: When does Seattle want to be rated as a climate neutral city?
answers: text: 2030

question: What type of industry thrives in Settle?
answers: text: start-up businesses
context: Seattle's economy is driven by a mix of older industrial companies, and "new economy" Internet and technology companies, service, design and clean technology companies. The city's gross metropolitan product was $231 billion in 2010, making it the 11th largest metropolitan economy in the United States. The Port of Seattle, which also operates Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, is a major gateway for trade with Asia and cruises to Alaska, and is the 8th largest port in the United States in terms of container capacity. Though it was affected by the Great Recession, Seattle has retained a comparatively strong economy, and remains a hotbed for start-up businesses, especially in green building and clean technologies: it was ranked as America's No. 1 "smarter city" based on its government policies and green economy. In February 2010, the city government committed Seattle to becoming North America's first "climate neutral" city, with a goal of reaching zero net per capita greenhouse gas emissions by 2030.

qas: question: By a UCLA study,how many Seattle residents identify as gay, lesbian or bisexual?
answers: text: 12.9%

question: How does the numbers in the gay community rank compared to other US cities?
answers: text: second-highest

question: What city ranked higher in population in the gay community?
answers: text: San Francisco

question: What is Seattle's percentage of same sex households?
answers: text: 2.6

question: What is Seattle's ranking for same sex households as compared with the rest of the US?
answers: text: highest percentage
context: Seattle also has large lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations. According to a 2006 study by UCLA, 12.9% of city residents polled identified as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. This was the second-highest proportion of any major U.S. city, behind San Francisco Greater Seattle also ranked second among major U.S. metropolitan areas, with 6.5% of the population identifying as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. According to 2012 estimates from the United States Census Bureau, Seattle has the highest percentage of same-sex households in the United States, at 2.6 per cent, surpassing San Francisco.

qas: question: How many theater companies does Seattle have in residence?
answers: text: around 100

question: What Seattle theater was built in 1926?
answers: text: 5th Avenue Theatre

question: To what type of theater are the two dozen live venues in Seattle associated?
answers: text: fringe theatre

question: To what type of theater is Seattle second to New York?
answers: text: equity theaters

question: How many equity theaters does Seattle have?
answers: text: 28
context: The 5th Avenue Theatre, built in 1926, stages Broadway-style musical shows featuring both local talent and international stars. Seattle has "around 100" theatrical production companies and over two dozen live theatre venues, many of them associated with fringe theatre; Seattle is probably second only to New York for number of equity theaters (28 Seattle theater companies have some sort of Actors' Equity contract). In addition, the 900-seat Romanesque Revival Town Hall on First Hill hosts numerous cultural events, especially lectures and recitals.

qas: question: How old is Seattle's Symphony Orchestra?
answers: text: century

question: In what venue does the Seattle symphony perform?
answers: text: Benaroya Hall

question: Where do the Seattle Opera and Pacific Northwest Ballet perform?
answers: text: McCaw Hall

question: What structure was originally at site of the McCaw Hall?
answers: text: Seattle Opera House

question: What Seattle organization is one of the top ballet schools in the US?
answers: text: PNB School
context: Seattle has been a regional center for the performing arts for many years. The century-old Seattle Symphony Orchestra is among the world's most recorded and performs primarily at Benaroya Hall. The Seattle Opera and Pacific Northwest Ballet, which perform at McCaw Hall (opened 2003 on the site of the former Seattle Opera House at Seattle Center), are comparably distinguished, with the Opera being particularly known for its performances of the works of Richard Wagner and the PNB School (founded in 1974) ranking as one of the top three ballet training institutions in the United States. The Seattle Youth Symphony Orchestras (SYSO) is the largest symphonic youth organization in the United States. The city also boasts lauded summer and winter chamber music festivals organized by the Seattle Chamber Music Society.

qas: question: What is Seattle's present nickname?
answers: text: Emerald City

question: To what distinct feature of the area does Emerald City refer?
answers: text: evergreen forests

question: Since Seattle is near Alaska, what is the city called?
answers: text: Gateway to Alaska

question: From what company does Seattle get its nickname Jet City?
answers: text: Boeing

question: What did Seattle call itself at the time of the Goodwill Games?
answers: text: The City of Goodwill
context: From 1869 until 1982, Seattle was known as the "Queen City". Seattle's current official nickname is the "Emerald City", the result of a contest held in 1981; the reference is to the lush evergreen forests of the area. Seattle is also referred to informally as the "Gateway to Alaska" for being the nearest major city in the contiguous US to Alaska, "Rain City" for its frequent cloudy and rainy weather, and "Jet City" from the local influence of Boeing. The city has two official slogans or mottos: "The City of Flowers", meant to encourage the planting of flowers to beautify the city, and "The City of Goodwill", adopted prior to the 1990 Goodwill Games. Seattle residents are known as Seattleites.

qas: question: What Seattle fair lasts 24 days?
answers: text: Seattle International Film Festival

question: What is Seattle's gay pride parade called?
answers: text: Bite of Seattle

question: How many Independence Day celebrations does Seattle have yearly?
answers: text: two

question: When are Seafair events held in Seattle?
answers: text: July and August

question: What is the focus of the Bumbershoot festival?
answers: text: art and music
context: Among Seattle's prominent annual fairs and festivals are the 24-day Seattle International Film Festival, Northwest Folklife over the Memorial Day weekend, numerous Seafair events throughout July and August (ranging from a Bon Odori celebration to the Seafair Cup hydroplane races), the Bite of Seattle, one of the largest Gay Pride festivals in the United States, and the art and music festival Bumbershoot, which programs music as well as other art and entertainment over the Labor Day weekend. All are typically attended by 100,000 people annually, as are the Seattle Hempfest and two separate Independence Day celebrations.

qas: question: When did Seattle host the national Poetry Slam Tournament?
answers: text: 2001

question: How often is the Seattle Poetry festival held?
answers: text: biennial

question: How often does Seattle send to the National Poetry Slam?
answers: text: annually

question: To what style of poet does Seattle consider itself home?
answers: text: performance poets

question: What poetry festival was first held in 1997?
answers: text: Poetry Circus
context: Seattle annually sends a team of spoken word slammers to the National Poetry Slam and considers itself home to such performance poets as Buddy Wakefield, two-time Individual World Poetry Slam Champ; Anis Mojgani, two-time National Poetry Slam Champ; and Danny Sherrard, 2007 National Poetry Slam Champ and 2008 Individual World Poetry Slam Champ. Seattle also hosted the 2001 national Poetry Slam Tournament. The Seattle Poetry Festival is a biennial poetry festival that (launched first as the Poetry Circus in 1997) has featured local, regional, national, and international names in poetry.

qas: question: What genre of music are Nirvana and Soundgarden?
answers: text: grunge

question: What type of musician is Bill Frisell?
answers: text: avant-garde jazz

question: What style of music does Sir Mix-a-Lot and Macklemore represent in Seattle?
answers: text: hip hop

question: What type of music do Foo Fighters and Harvey Danger perform?
answers: text: alternative rock

question: Where did artists such as Hendrix and Sixx spend their early years?
answers: text: Seattle
context: Seattle is considered the home of grunge music, having produced artists such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, Pearl Jam, and Mudhoney, all of whom reached international audiences in the early 1990s. The city is also home to such varied artists as avant-garde jazz musicians Bill Frisell and Wayne Horvitz, hot jazz musician Glenn Crytzer, hip hop artists Sir Mix-a-Lot, Macklemore, Blue Scholars, and Shabazz Palaces, smooth jazz saxophonist Kenny G, classic rock staples Heart and Queensrÿche, and alternative rock bands such as Foo Fighters, Harvey Danger, The Presidents of the United States of America, The Posies, Modest Mouse, Band of Horses, Death Cab for Cutie, and Fleet Foxes. Rock musicians such as Jimi Hendrix, Duff McKagan, and Nikki Sixx spent their formative years in Seattle.

qas: question: When did the first art gallery open in Washington state?
answers: text: 1927

question: What was the name of the first art museum in Washington?
answers: text: Henry Art Gallery

question: When did The Seattle Art Museum open its doors?
answers: text: 1933

question: Besides the museums, what other art offering does SAM operate?
answers: text: Olympic Sculpture Park

question: Aside from publically operated museums, what other type of person galleries does Seattle offer?
answers: text: artist-run
context: The Henry Art Gallery opened in 1927, the first public art museum in Washington. The Seattle Art Museum (SAM) opened in 1933; SAM opened a museum downtown in 1991 (expanded and reopened 2007); since 1991, the 1933 building has been SAM's Seattle Asian Art Museum (SAAM). SAM also operates the Olympic Sculpture Park (opened 2007) on the waterfront north of the downtown piers. The Frye Art Museum is a free museum on First Hill. Regional history collections are at the Loghouse Museum in Alki, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, the Museum of History and Industry and the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture. Industry collections are at the Center for Wooden Boats and the adjacent Northwest Seaport, the Seattle Metropolitan Police Museum, and the Museum of Flight. Regional ethnic collections include the Nordic Heritage Museum, the Wing Luke Asian Museum and the Northwest African American Museum. Seattle has artist-run galleries, including 10-year veteran Soil Art Gallery, and the newer Crawl Space Gallery.

qas: question: What anime convention is held in Seattle?
answers: text: Sakura-Con

question: What is focus of the Penny Arcade Expo?
answers: text: gaming

question: How many bicyclists attend the Seattle to Portland Bicycle Classic?
answers: text: 9,000

question: What festival does Seattle have for the transgender community?
answers: text: Seattle Transgender Film Festival

question: What is Seattle's festival for the Polish community?
answers: text: Seattle Polish Film Festival
context: There are other annual events, ranging from the Seattle Antiquarian Book Fair & Book Arts Show; an anime convention, Sakura-Con; Penny Arcade Expo, a gaming convention; a two-day, 9,000-rider Seattle to Portland Bicycle Classic, and specialized film festivals, such as the Maelstrom International Fantastic Film Festival, the Seattle Asian American Film Festival (formerly known as the Northwest Asian American Film Festival), Children's Film Festival Seattle, Translation: the Seattle Transgender Film Festival, the Seattle Gay and Lesbian Film Festival, and the Seattle Polish Film Festival.

qas: question: What was the first American hockey team to win a Stanley Cup?
answers: text: PCHA's Seattle Metropolitans

question: In what year did the Seattle Metropolitans win the Stanley Cup?
answers: text: 1917

question: To where did Seattle's Baseball team relocate in 1969?
answers: text: Milwaukee, Wisconsin

question: What was the new name of the Seattle team?
answers: text: Milwaukee Brewers

question: When did the Seattle Super Sonics win an NBA championship?
answers: text: 1978–79
context: Seattle's professional sports history began at the start of the 20th century with the PCHA's Seattle Metropolitans, which in 1917 became the first American hockey team to win the Stanley Cup. Seattle was also home to a previous Major League Baseball franchise in 1969: the Seattle Pilots. The Pilots relocated to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and became the Milwaukee Brewers for the 1970 season. From 1967 to 2008 Seattle was also home to an National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise: the Seattle SuperSonics, who were the 1978–79 NBA champions. The SuperSonics relocated to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and became the Oklahoma City Thunder for the 2008–09 season.

qas: question: How many times have the Seattle Seahawks played in the World Series?
answers: text: three

question: Who did the Seahawks beat to win the Super Bowl?
answers: text: Denver Broncos

question: What team defeated the Seattle Seahawks to win Super Bowl XLIX?
answers: text: New England Patriots

question: What is the Seattle soccer club named?
answers: text: Seattle Sounders FC

question: With what team do the Sounders share Century Link Field?
answers: text: Seahawks
context: The Seahawks' CenturyLink Field has hosted NFL playoff games in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014 and 2015. The Seahawks have advanced to the Super Bowl three times: 2005, 2013 and 2014. They defeated the Denver Broncos 43-8 to win their first Super Bowl championship in Super Bowl XLVIII, but lost 24-28 against the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. Seattle Sounders FC has played in Major League Soccer since 2009, sharing CenturyLink Field with the Seahawks, as a continuation of earlier teams in the lower divisions of American soccer. The Sounders have not won the MLS Cup but have, however, won the MLS Supporters' Shield in 2014 and the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup on four occasions: 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2014.

qas: question: What is Seattle thought to be politically?
answers: text: liberal

question: What did the people of Seattle vote to legalize in 2012?
answers: text: gay marriage

question: What other political hot issue did voters in Seattle vote to legalize in 2012?
answers: text: use of cannabis

question:  What do residents of Seattle believe in matters of religion?
answers: text: atheism

question: How does Seattle compare in church attendance to the rest oF the US? 
answers: text: much lower
context: Seattle is widely considered one of the most liberal cities in the United States, even surpassing its neighbor, Portland, Oregon. Support for issues such as same-sex marriage and reproductive rights are largely taken for granted in local politics. In the 2012 U.S. general election, an overwhelming majority of Seattleites voted to approve Referendum 74 and legalize gay marriage in Washington state. In the same election, an overwhelming majority of Seattleites also voted to approve the legalization of the recreational use of cannabis in the state. Like much of the Pacific Northwest (which has the lowest rate of church attendance in the United States and consistently reports the highest percentage of atheism), church attendance, religious belief, and political influence of religious leaders are much lower than in other parts of America.

qas: question: How many people in Seattle vote Democratic?
answers: text: over 80%

question: For whom did the residents of Seattle vote in the 2012 presidential election?
answers: text: Barack Obama

question: What party members win most state and national legislative elections?
answers: text: Democrats

question: Who was Seattle's , and the nation's, first female mayor?
answers: text: Bertha Knight Landes

question: What is the sex of the majority of Seattle's city council?
answers: text: female
context: Seattle's political culture is very liberal and progressive for the United States, with over 80% of the population voting for the Democratic Party. All precincts in Seattle voted for Democratic Party candidate Barack Obama in the 2012 presidential election. In partisan elections for the Washington State Legislature and United States Congress, nearly all elections are won by Democrats. Seattle is considered the first major American city to elect a female mayor, Bertha Knight Landes. It has also elected an openly gay mayor, Ed Murray, and a socialist councillor, Kshama Sawant. For the first time in United States history, an openly gay black woman was elected to public office when Sherry Harris was elected as a Seattle city councillor in 1991. The majority of the current city council is female, while white men comprise a minority.

qas: question: Of what Congressional district is Seattle a part?
answers: text: 7th congressional district

question: Who is the representative for Seattle's district?
answers: text: Jim McDermott

question: When was McDermott elected to office?
answers: text: 1988

question: Who is the present mayor of Seattle?
answers: text: Ed Murray

question: To which states' election laws are Seattle's law and ballots similar?
answers: text: Like most
context: Like most parts of the United States, government and laws are also run by a series of ballot initiatives (allowing citizens to pass or reject laws), referenda (allowing citizens to approve or reject legislation already passed), and propositions (allowing specific government agencies to propose new laws/tax increases directly to the people). Federally, Seattle is part of Washington's 7th congressional district, represented by Democrat Jim McDermott, elected in 1988 and one of Congress's liberal members. Ed Murray is currently serving as mayor.

qas: question: What percentage of the Seattle population has a bachelor's degree?
answers: text: 53.8%

question: What is the national average of obtaining a bachelor's degree?
answers: text: 27.4%

question: How much of the Seattle population have high school diplomas?
answers: text: 91.9%

question: What is the national average of high school diploma holding citizens?
answers: text: 84.5%

question: How was Seattle ranked on literacy in 2005-2006?
answers: text: most literate
context: Of the city's population over the age of 25, 53.8% (vs. a national average of 27.4%) hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 91.9% (vs. 84.5% nationally) have a high school diploma or equivalent. A 2008 United States Census Bureau survey showed that Seattle had the highest percentage of college and university graduates of any major U.S. city. The city was listed as the most literate of the country's 69 largest cities in 2005 and 2006, the second most literate in 2007 and the most literate in 2008 in studies conducted by Central Connecticut State University.

qas: question: What type of radio stations abound in Seattle?
answers: text: Non-commercial

question: What are KUOW and KPLU radio stations?
answers: text: NPR affiliates

question: With what educational facility is KEXP-FM aligned?
answers: text: UW

question: What radio station is operated by the public school system?
answers: text: KNHC-FM 89.5

question: Where has KEXP pioneered in Radio?
answers: text: Internet radio
context: Non-commercial radio stations include NPR affiliates KUOW-FM 94.9 and KPLU-FM 88.5 (Tacoma), as well as classical music station KING-FM 98.1. Other stations include KEXP-FM 90.3 (affiliated with the UW), community radio KBCS-FM 91.3 (affiliated with Bellevue College), and high school radio KNHC-FM 89.5, which broadcasts an electronic dance music radio format and is owned by the public school system and operated by students of Nathan Hale High School. Many Seattle radio stations are also available through Internet radio, with KEXP in particular being a pioneer of Internet radio. Seattle also has numerous commercial radio stations. In a March 2012 report by the consumer research firm Arbitron, the top FM stations were KRWM (adult contemporary format), KIRO-FM (news/talk), and KISW (active rock) while the top AM stations were KOMO (AM) (all news), KJR (AM) (all sports), KIRO (AM) (all sports).

qas: question: What is the Seattle newspaper as of 2010?
answers: text: The Seattle Times

question: In what venue does the Seattle Post-Intelligencer publish?
answers: text: on-line

question: In what year did the Seattle Post-Intelligencer  first publish?
answers: text: 1863

question: What is the LGBT newspaper called?
answers: text: Seattle Gay News

question: Who sells the newspaper Real Change on the street?
answers: text: homeless persons
context: As of 2010[update], Seattle has one major daily newspaper, The Seattle Times. The Seattle Post-Intelligencer, known as the P-I, published a daily newspaper from 1863 to March 17, 2009, before switching to a strictly on-line publication. There is also the Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce, and the University of Washington publishes The Daily, a student-run publication, when school is in session. The most prominent weeklies are the Seattle Weekly and The Stranger; both consider themselves "alternative" papers. The weekly LGBT newspaper is the Seattle Gay News. Real Change is a weekly street newspaper that is sold mainly by homeless persons as an alternative to panhandling. There are also several ethnic newspapers, including the The Facts, Northwest Asian Weekly and the International Examiner, and numerous neighborhood newspapers.

qas: question: What is Seattle's bus line called?
answers: text: King County Metro

question: What service runs between South Lake Union and Westlake Center?
answers: text: South Lake Union Streetcar

question: What organization runs the largest line of ferries in the US?
answers: text: Washington State Ferries

question: How does the Seattle ferry line compare to the rest of the world?
answers: text: third largest

question: To what two islands does the ferry service connect?
answers: text: Bainbridge and Vashon
context: King County Metro provides frequent stop bus service within the city and surrounding county, as well as a South Lake Union Streetcar line between the South Lake Union neighborhood and Westlake Center in downtown. Seattle is one of the few cities in North America whose bus fleet includes electric trolleybuses. Sound Transit currently provides an express bus service within the metropolitan area; two Sounder commuter rail lines between the suburbs and downtown; its Central Link light rail line, which opened in 2009, between downtown and Sea-Tac Airport gives the city its first rapid transit line that has intermediate stops within the city limits. Washington State Ferries, which manages the largest network of ferries in the United States and third largest in the world, connects Seattle to Bainbridge and Vashon Islands in Puget Sound and to Bremerton and Southworth on the Kitsap Peninsula.

qas: question: What kind of hospital is Seattle Children's?
answers: text: pediatric referral center

question: Besides serving Washington, Idaho, and Montana, what northern state uses Seattle Children's?
answers: text: Alaska

question: In what neighborhood is the Fred Hutchington Cancer Research Center located?
answers: text: Eastlake

question: Where is the Veterans Affairs Hospital located?
answers: text: Beacon Hill

question: What entity operates Harborview?
answers: text: University of Washington
context: Located in the Laurelhurst neighborhood, Seattle Children's, formerly Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, is the pediatric referral center for Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho. The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has a campus in the Eastlake neighborhood. The University District is home to the University of Washington Medical Center which, along with Harborview, is operated by the University of Washington. Seattle is also served by a Veterans Affairs hospital on Beacon Hill, a third campus of Swedish in Ballard, and Northwest Hospital and Medical Center near Northgate Mall.

qas: question: In what year were the first streetcars used in Seattle?
answers: text: 1889

question: What machine caused the end of city rail lines in Seattle?
answers: text: automobile

question: When did the Tacoma-Seattle rail service end?
answers: text: 1929

question: In what year did the Everett-Seattle rail lines cease?
answers: text: 1939

question: The use of what caused the end of the use of streetcars in 1941?
answers: text: trolleybus
context: The first streetcars appeared in 1889 and were instrumental in the creation of a relatively well-defined downtown and strong neighborhoods at the end of their lines. The advent of the automobile sounded the death knell for rail in Seattle. Tacoma–Seattle railway service ended in 1929 and the Everett–Seattle service came to an end in 1939, replaced by inexpensive automobiles running on the recently developed highway system. Rails on city streets were paved over or removed, and the opening of the Seattle trolleybus system brought the end of streetcars in Seattle in 1941. This left an extensive network of privately owned buses (later public) as the only mass transit within the city and throughout the region.

qas: question: What is mainly used for transportation in Seattle?
answers: text: streets

question: What road was built in 1953 and later damaged by an earthquake?
answers: text: Alaskan Way Viaduct

question: What is planned to replace the Alaska Way Viaduct?
answers: text: tunnel

question: What was the original projected cost of the viaduct replacement tunnel?
answers: text: $4.25 billion

question: When is the tunnel now expected to be finished?
answers: text: 2017
context: The main mode of transportation, however, relies on Seattle's streets, which are laid out in a cardinal directions grid pattern, except in the central business district where early city leaders Arthur Denny and Carson Boren insisted on orienting their plats relative to the shoreline rather than to true North. Only two roads, Interstate 5 and State Route 99 (both limited-access highways), run uninterrupted through the city from north to south. State Route 99 runs through downtown Seattle on the Alaskan Way Viaduct, which was built in 1953. However, due to damage sustained during the 2001 Nisqually earthquake the viaduct will be replaced by a tunnel. The 2-mile (3.2 km) Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel was originally scheduled to be completed in December 2015 at a cost of US$4.25 billion. Unfortunately, due to issues with the worlds largest tunnel boring machine (TBM), which is nicknamed "Bertha" and is 57 feet (17 m) in diameter, the projected date of completion has been pushed back to 2017. Seattle has the 8th worst traffic congestion of all American cities, and is 10th among all North American cities.

qas: question: What educational institution is at home in Seattle?
answers: text: University of Washington

question: What is the purpose of the University of Washington Outreach?
answers: text: continuing education

question: In what year did Time magazine choose Seattle Central Community College as community college of the year?
answers: text: 2001

question: Beside the public universities, what other type of institutions provide education in Seattle?
answers: text: private universities

question: Where can a student find to study art in Seattle?
answers: text: arts colleges
context: Seattle is home to the University of Washington, as well as the institution's professional and continuing education unit, the University of Washington Educational Outreach. A study by Newsweek International in 2006 cited the University of Washington as the twenty-second best university in the world. Seattle also has a number of smaller private universities including Seattle University and Seattle Pacific University, the former a Jesuit Catholic institution, the latter Free Methodist; universities aimed at the working adult, like City University and Antioch University; colleges within the Seattle Colleges District system, comprising North, Central, and South; seminaries, including Western Seminary and a number of arts colleges, such as Cornish College of the Arts, Pratt Fine Arts Center, and The Art Institute of Seattle. In 2001, Time magazine selected Seattle Central Community College as community college of the year, stating the school "pushes diverse students to work together in small teams".

qas: question: On what type of transportation system has Seattle begun to focus?
answers: text: mass transit

question: From what kind of transportation has Seattle been moving away?
answers: text: automobile

question: What measure was passed by Seattle voters in 2006?
answers: text: RapidRide

question: By what year do plans call for the completion of a rail line to Bellevue?
answers: text: 2023

question: Which former mayor backed the expansion of rail lines from downtown to Ballard?
answers: text: Michael McGinn
context: The city has started moving away from the automobile and towards mass transit. From 2004 to 2009, the annual number of unlinked public transportation trips increased by approximately 21%. In 2006, voters in King County passed proposition 2 (Transit Now) which increased bus service hours on high ridership routes and paid for five bus rapid transit lines called RapidRide. After rejecting a roads and transit measure in 2007, Seattle-area voters passed a transit only measure in 2008 to increase ST Express bus service, extend the Link Light Rail system, and expand and improve Sounder commuter rail service. A light rail line from downtown heading south to Sea-Tac Airport began service on December 19, 2009, giving the city its first rapid transit line with intermediate stations within the city limits. An extension north to the University of Washington is scheduled to open in 2016; and further extensions are planned to reach Lynnwood to the north, Des Moines to the south, and Bellevue and Redmond to the east by 2023. Former mayor Michael McGinn has supported building light rail from downtown to Ballard and West Seattle.