-- Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Limits/VanKampen.lean
theorem isUniversalColimit_extendCofan {n : ℕ} (f : Fin (n + 1) → C)
    {c₁ : Cofan fun i : Fin n ↦ f i.succ} {c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt}
    (t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁) (t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂)
    [∀ {Z} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i] :
    IsUniversalColimit (extendCofan c₁ c₂)

Proof state:
case refine_3.refine_1
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk
this : F = Discrete.functor F'
j : Discrete (Fin n)
⊢ IsPullback
    (pullback.lift (α.app { as := j.as.succ } ≫ c₁.inj j.as) (c.ι.app { as := j.as.succ }) ⋯ ≫ pullback.snd c₂.inr i)
    (α.app { as := j.as.succ }) i (c₁.ι.app j ≫ c₂.inr)

Tactic:
simp only [Functor.const_obj_obj, pair_obj_right, limit.lift_π,
  PullbackCone.mk_pt, PullbackCone.mk_π_app]

Result:
case refine_3.refine_1
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk
this : F = Discrete.functor F'
j : Discrete (Fin n)
⊢ IsPullback (c.ι.app { as := j.as.succ }) (α.app { as := j.as.succ }) i (c₁.ι.app j ≫ c₂.inr)

Proof state:
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
⊢ Nonempty (IsColimit c)

Tactic:
let F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk

Result:
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk
⊢ Nonempty (IsColimit c)

Proof state:
case refine_4.intro.refine_1
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk
this : F = Discrete.functor F'
H₁ :
  IsColimit
    (Cofan.mk (pullback c₂.inr i) fun j =>
      pullback.lift (α.app { as := j.succ } ≫ c₁.inj j) (c.ι.app { as := j.succ }) ⋯)
⊢ mapPair (α.app { as := 0 }) (pullback.fst c₂.inr i) ≫ c₂.ι =
    (BinaryCofan.mk (c.ι.app { as := 0 }) (pullback.snd c₂.inr i)).ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete WalkingPair)).map i

Tactic:
ext ⟨⟨⟩⟩

Result:
case refine_4.intro.refine_1.w.h.mk.left
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk
this : F = Discrete.functor F'
H₁ :
  IsColimit
    (Cofan.mk (pullback c₂.inr i) fun j =>
      pullback.lift (α.app { as := j.succ } ≫ c₁.inj j) (c.ι.app { as := j.succ }) ⋯)
⊢ (mapPair (α.app { as := 0 }) (pullback.fst c₂.inr i) ≫ c₂.ι).app { as := WalkingPair.left } =
    ((BinaryCofan.mk (c.ι.app { as := 0 }) (pullback.snd c₂.inr i)).ι ≫
          (Functor.const (Discrete WalkingPair)).map i).app
      { as := WalkingPair.left }

case refine_4.intro.refine_1.w.h.mk.right
C : Type u
inst✝¹ : Category.{v, u} C
n : ℕ
f : Fin (n + 1) → C
c₁ : Cofan fun i => f i.succ
c₂ : BinaryCofan (f 0) c₁.pt
t₁ : IsUniversalColimit c₁
t₂ : IsUniversalColimit c₂
inst✝ : ∀ {Z : C} (i : Z ⟶ c₂.pt), HasPullback c₂.inr i
F : Discrete (Fin (n + 1)) ⥤ C
c : Cocone F
α : F ⟶ Discrete.functor f
i : c.pt ⟶ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).pt
e : α ≫ (extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι = c.ι ≫ (Functor.const (Discrete (Fin (n + 1)))).map i
hα : NatTrans.Equifibered α
H : ∀ (j : Discrete (Fin (n + 1))), IsPullback (c.ι.app j) (α.app j) i ((extendCofan c₁ c₂).ι.app j)
F' : Fin (n + 1) → C := F.obj ∘ Discrete.mk
this : F = Discrete.functor F'
H₁ :
  IsColimit
    (Cofan.mk (pullback c₂.inr i) fun j =>
      pullback.lift (α.app { as := j.succ } ≫ c₁.inj j) (c.ι.app { as := j.succ }) ⋯)
⊢ (mapPair (α.app { as := 0 }) (pullback.fst c₂.inr i) ≫ c₂.ι).app { as := WalkingPair.right } =
    ((BinaryCofan.mk (c.ι.app { as := 0 }) (pullback.snd c₂.inr i)).ι ≫
          (Functor.const (Discrete WalkingPair)).map i).app
      { as := WalkingPair.right }