-- Mathlib/Analysis/Calculus/ContDiff/Bounds.lean
theorem norm_iteratedFDerivWithin_comp_le_aux {Fu Gu : Type u} [NormedAddCommGroup Fu]
    [NormedSpace 𝕜 Fu] [NormedAddCommGroup Gu] [NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu] {g : Fu → Gu} {f : E → Fu} {n : ℕ}
    {s : Set E} {t : Set Fu} {x : E} (hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n g t) (hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s)
    (ht : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 t) (hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) (hst : MapsTo f s t) (hx : x ∈ s) {C : ℝ}
    {D : ℝ} (hC : ∀ i, i ≤ n → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C)
    (hD : ∀ i, 1 ≤ i → i ≤ n → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i) :
    ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ n ! * C * D ^ n

Proof state:
𝕜 : Type u_1
inst✝⁶ : NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜
E : Type uE
inst✝⁵ : NormedAddCommGroup E
inst✝⁴ : NormedSpace 𝕜 E
Fu : Type u
inst✝³ : NormedAddCommGroup Fu
inst✝² : NormedSpace 𝕜 Fu
f : E → Fu
s : Set E
t : Set Fu
x : E
ht : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 t
hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s
hst : MapsTo f s t
hx : x ∈ s
C D : ℝ
n : ℕ
IH :
  ∀ m ≤ n,
    ∀ {Gu : Type u} [inst : NormedAddCommGroup Gu] [inst_1 : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu] {g : Fu → Gu},
      ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) g t →
        ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) f s →
          (∀ i ≤ m, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C) →
            (∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ m → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i) →
              ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 m (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑m ! * C * D ^ m
Gu : Type u
inst✝¹ : NormedAddCommGroup Gu
inst✝ : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu
g : Fu → Gu
hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) g t
hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) f s
hC : ∀ i ≤ n + 1, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C
hD : ∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ n + 1 → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i
M : ↑n < ↑n.succ
Cnonneg : 0 ≤ C
Dnonneg : 0 ≤ D
I : ∀ i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i (fderivWithin 𝕜 g t ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑i ! * C * D ^ i
J : ∀ (i : ℕ), ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 (n - i) (fderivWithin 𝕜 f s) s x‖ ≤ D ^ (n - i + 1)
⊢ ∑ i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), ↑n ! * ((↑i !)⁻¹ * ↑i !) * C * (D ^ i * D ^ (n - i + 1)) * (↑(n - i)!)⁻¹ =
    ∑ i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), ↑n ! * 1 * C * D ^ (n + 1) * (↑(n - i)!)⁻¹

Tactic:
congr! with i hi

Result:
case a.h.e'_5.h.e'_5.h.e'_5.h.e'_6
𝕜 : Type u_1
inst✝⁶ : NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜
E : Type uE
inst✝⁵ : NormedAddCommGroup E
inst✝⁴ : NormedSpace 𝕜 E
Fu : Type u
inst✝³ : NormedAddCommGroup Fu
inst✝² : NormedSpace 𝕜 Fu
f : E → Fu
s : Set E
t : Set Fu
x : E
ht : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 t
hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s
hst : MapsTo f s t
hx : x ∈ s
C D : ℝ
n : ℕ
IH :
  ∀ m ≤ n,
    ∀ {Gu : Type u} [inst : NormedAddCommGroup Gu] [inst_1 : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu] {g : Fu → Gu},
      ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) g t →
        ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) f s →
          (∀ i ≤ m, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C) →
            (∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ m → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i) →
              ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 m (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑m ! * C * D ^ m
Gu : Type u
inst✝¹ : NormedAddCommGroup Gu
inst✝ : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu
g : Fu → Gu
hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) g t
hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) f s
hC : ∀ i ≤ n + 1, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C
hD : ∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ n + 1 → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i
M : ↑n < ↑n.succ
Cnonneg : 0 ≤ C
Dnonneg : 0 ≤ D
I : ∀ i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i (fderivWithin 𝕜 g t ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑i ! * C * D ^ i
J : ∀ (i : ℕ), ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 (n - i) (fderivWithin 𝕜 f s) s x‖ ≤ D ^ (n - i + 1)
i : ℕ
hi : i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1)
⊢ (↑i !)⁻¹ * ↑i ! = 1

case a.h.e'_5.h.e'_6
𝕜 : Type u_1
inst✝⁶ : NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜
E : Type uE
inst✝⁵ : NormedAddCommGroup E
inst✝⁴ : NormedSpace 𝕜 E
Fu : Type u
inst✝³ : NormedAddCommGroup Fu
inst✝² : NormedSpace 𝕜 Fu
f : E → Fu
s : Set E
t : Set Fu
x : E
ht : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 t
hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s
hst : MapsTo f s t
hx : x ∈ s
C D : ℝ
n : ℕ
IH :
  ∀ m ≤ n,
    ∀ {Gu : Type u} [inst : NormedAddCommGroup Gu] [inst_1 : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu] {g : Fu → Gu},
      ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) g t →
        ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) f s →
          (∀ i ≤ m, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C) →
            (∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ m → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i) →
              ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 m (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑m ! * C * D ^ m
Gu : Type u
inst✝¹ : NormedAddCommGroup Gu
inst✝ : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu
g : Fu → Gu
hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) g t
hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) f s
hC : ∀ i ≤ n + 1, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C
hD : ∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ n + 1 → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i
M : ↑n < ↑n.succ
Cnonneg : 0 ≤ C
Dnonneg : 0 ≤ D
I : ∀ i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i (fderivWithin 𝕜 g t ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑i ! * C * D ^ i
J : ∀ (i : ℕ), ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 (n - i) (fderivWithin 𝕜 f s) s x‖ ≤ D ^ (n - i + 1)
i : ℕ
hi : i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1)
⊢ D ^ i * D ^ (n - i + 1) = D ^ (n + 1)

Proof state:
case hi
𝕜 : Type u_1
inst✝⁶ : NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜
E : Type uE
inst✝⁵ : NormedAddCommGroup E
inst✝⁴ : NormedSpace 𝕜 E
Fu : Type u
inst✝³ : NormedAddCommGroup Fu
inst✝² : NormedSpace 𝕜 Fu
f : E → Fu
s : Set E
t : Set Fu
x : E
ht : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 t
hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s
hst : MapsTo f s t
hx : x ∈ s
C D : ℝ
n : ℕ
IH :
  ∀ m ≤ n,
    ∀ {Gu : Type u} [inst : NormedAddCommGroup Gu] [inst_1 : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu] {g : Fu → Gu},
      ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) g t →
        ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) f s →
          (∀ i ≤ m, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C) →
            (∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ m → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i) →
              ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 m (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑m ! * C * D ^ m
Gu : Type u
inst✝¹ : NormedAddCommGroup Gu
inst✝ : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu
g : Fu → Gu
hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) g t
hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) f s
hC : ∀ i ≤ n + 1, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C
hD : ∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ n + 1 → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i
M : ↑n < ↑n.succ
Cnonneg : 0 ≤ C
⊢ ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 (n + 1) (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑(n + 1)! * C * D ^ (n + 1)

Tactic:
have Dnonneg : 0 ≤ D := by
  have : 1 ≤ n + 1 := by simp only [le_add_iff_nonneg_left, zero_le']
  simpa only [pow_one] using (norm_nonneg _).trans (hD 1 le_rfl this)

Result:
case hi
𝕜 : Type u_1
inst✝⁶ : NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜
E : Type uE
inst✝⁵ : NormedAddCommGroup E
inst✝⁴ : NormedSpace 𝕜 E
Fu : Type u
inst✝³ : NormedAddCommGroup Fu
inst✝² : NormedSpace 𝕜 Fu
f : E → Fu
s : Set E
t : Set Fu
x : E
ht : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 t
hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s
hst : MapsTo f s t
hx : x ∈ s
C D : ℝ
n : ℕ
IH :
  ∀ m ≤ n,
    ∀ {Gu : Type u} [inst : NormedAddCommGroup Gu] [inst_1 : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu] {g : Fu → Gu},
      ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) g t →
        ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑m) f s →
          (∀ i ≤ m, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C) →
            (∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ m → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i) →
              ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 m (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑m ! * C * D ^ m
Gu : Type u
inst✝¹ : NormedAddCommGroup Gu
inst✝ : NormedSpace 𝕜 Gu
g : Fu → Gu
hg : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) g t
hf : ContDiffOn 𝕜 (↑(n + 1)) f s
hC : ∀ i ≤ n + 1, ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i g t (f x)‖ ≤ C
hD : ∀ (i : ℕ), 1 ≤ i → i ≤ n + 1 → ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 i f s x‖ ≤ D ^ i
M : ↑n < ↑n.succ
Cnonneg : 0 ≤ C
Dnonneg : 0 ≤ D
⊢ ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 (n + 1) (g ∘ f) s x‖ ≤ ↑(n + 1)! * C * D ^ (n + 1)