-- Mathlib/RingTheory/DiscreteValuationRing/TFAE.lean
theorem maximalIdeal_isPrincipal_of_isDedekindDomain [IsLocalRing R] [IsDomain R]
    [IsDedekindDomain R] : (maximalIdeal R).IsPrincipal

Proof state:
case neg.intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝¹ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this✝ : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this✝ = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
x : K := (algebraMap R K) b / (algebraMap R K) a
M : Submodule R K := Submodule.map (Algebra.linearMap R K) (maximalIdeal R)
ha₃ : (algebraMap R K) a ≠ 0
hx : ¬∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M
this : Submodule.comap (Algebra.linearMap R K) (Submodule.map (DistribMulAction.toLinearMap R K x) M) = ⊤
y : R
hy₁ : y ∈ maximalIdeal R
hy₂ : b * y = a
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Tactic:
refine ⟨⟨y, ?_⟩⟩

Result:
case neg.intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝¹ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this✝ : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this✝ = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
x : K := (algebraMap R K) b / (algebraMap R K) a
M : Submodule R K := Submodule.map (Algebra.linearMap R K) (maximalIdeal R)
ha₃ : (algebraMap R K) a ≠ 0
hx : ¬∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M
this : Submodule.comap (Algebra.linearMap R K) (Submodule.map (DistribMulAction.toLinearMap R K x) M) = ⊤
y : R
hy₁ : y ∈ maximalIdeal R
hy₂ : b * y = a
⊢ maximalIdeal R = Submodule.span R {y}

Proof state:
case neg.intro.intro.succ.intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Tactic:
let K := FractionRing R

Result:
case neg.intro.intro.succ.intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Proof state:
case neg
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝¹ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this✝ : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this✝ = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
x : K := (algebraMap R K) b / (algebraMap R K) a
M : Submodule R K := Submodule.map (Algebra.linearMap R K) (maximalIdeal R)
ha₃ : (algebraMap R K) a ≠ 0
hx : ¬∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M
this : Submodule.comap (Algebra.linearMap R K) (Submodule.map (DistribMulAction.toLinearMap R K x) M) = ⊤
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Tactic:
obtain ⟨y, hy₁, hy₂⟩ : ∃ y ∈ maximalIdeal R, b * y = a := by
  rw [Ideal.eq_top_iff_one, Submodule.mem_comap] at this
  obtain ⟨_, ⟨y, hy, rfl⟩, hy' : x * algebraMap R K y = algebraMap R K 1⟩ := this
  rw [map_one, ← mul_div_right_comm, div_eq_one_iff_eq ha₃, ← map_mul] at hy'
  exact ⟨y, hy, IsFractionRing.injective R K hy'⟩

Result:
case neg.intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝¹ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this✝ : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this✝ = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
x : K := (algebraMap R K) b / (algebraMap R K) a
M : Submodule R K := Submodule.map (Algebra.linearMap R K) (maximalIdeal R)
ha₃ : (algebraMap R K) a ≠ 0
hx : ¬∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M
this : Submodule.comap (Algebra.linearMap R K) (Submodule.map (DistribMulAction.toLinearMap R K x) M) = ⊤
y : R
hy₁ : y ∈ maximalIdeal R
hy₂ : b * y = a
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Proof state:
case neg
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Tactic:
obtain ⟨a, ha₁, ha₂⟩ : ∃ a ∈ maximalIdeal R, a ≠ (0 : R) := by
  by_contra! h'; apply ne_bot; rwa [eq_bot_iff]

Result:
case neg.intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
⊢ Submodule.IsPrincipal (maximalIdeal R)

Proof state:
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
x : K := (algebraMap R K) b / (algebraMap R K) a
M : Submodule R K := Submodule.map (Algebra.linearMap R K) (maximalIdeal R)
ha₃ : (algebraMap R K) a ≠ 0
hx : ¬∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M
h : ¬Submodule.comap (Algebra.linearMap R K) (Submodule.map (DistribMulAction.toLinearMap R K x) M) = ⊤
⊢ ∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M

Tactic:
rintro m' ⟨m, hm, rfl : algebraMap R K m = m'⟩

Result:
case intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝³ : CommRing R
inst✝² : IsLocalRing R
inst✝¹ : IsDomain R
inst✝ : IsDedekindDomain R
ne_bot : ¬maximalIdeal R = ⊥
a : R
ha₁ : a ∈ maximalIdeal R
ha₂ : a ≠ 0
hle : Ideal.span {a} ≤ maximalIdeal R
this✝ : (Ideal.span {a}).radical = maximalIdeal R
this : ∃ n, maximalIdeal R ^ n ≤ Ideal.span {a}
n : ℕ
hn : Nat.find this = n + 1
b : R
hb₁ : b ∈ maximalIdeal R ^ n
hb₂ : b ∉ Ideal.span {a}
hb₃ : ∀ m ∈ maximalIdeal R, ∃ k, k * a = b * m
hb₄ : b ≠ 0
K : Type u_1 := FractionRing R
x : K := (algebraMap R K) b / (algebraMap R K) a
M : Submodule R K := Submodule.map (Algebra.linearMap R K) (maximalIdeal R)
ha₃ : (algebraMap R K) a ≠ 0
hx : ¬∀ y ∈ M, x * y ∈ M
h : ¬Submodule.comap (Algebra.linearMap R K) (Submodule.map (DistribMulAction.toLinearMap R K x) M) = ⊤
m : R
hm : m ∈ ↑(maximalIdeal R)
⊢ x * (algebraMap R K) m ∈ M