-- Mathlib/Dynamics/Ergodic/Conservative.lean
theorem frequently_measure_inter_ne_zero (hf : Conservative f μ) (hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ)
    (h0 : μ s ≠ 0) : ∃ᶠ m in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0

Proof state:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
⊢ False

Tactic:
set T := t N \ ⋃ n > N, t n with hT

Result:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
⊢ False

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
⊢ μ (⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n) = 0

Tactic:
exact (measure_biUnion_null_iff {n | N < n}.to_countable).2 hmax

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
⊢ False

Tactic:
have htm {n : ℕ} : NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ :=
  hs.inter <| hs.preimage <| hf.toQuasiMeasurePreserving.iterate n

Result:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
⊢ False

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
⊢ ∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0

Tactic:
set t : ℕ → Set α := fun n ↦ s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s

Result:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
⊢ ∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0

Proof state:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hμT : μ T ≠ 0
hTm : NullMeasurableSet T μ
⊢ False

Tactic:
rcases hf.exists_mem_iterate_mem hTm hμT with ⟨x, hxt, m, hm₀, hmt⟩

Result:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hμT : μ T ≠ 0
hTm : NullMeasurableSet T μ
x : α
hxt : x ∈ T
m : ℕ
hm₀ : m ≠ 0
hmt : f^[m] x ∈ T
⊢ False

Proof state:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hμT : μ T ≠ 0
⊢ False

Tactic:
have hTm : NullMeasurableSet T μ := htm.diff <| .biUnion {n | N < n}.to_countable fun _ _ ↦ htm

Result:
case intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hμT : μ T ≠ 0
hTm : NullMeasurableSet T μ
⊢ False

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
⊢ μ T ≠ 0

Tactic:
rwa [hT, measure_diff_null]

Result:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
⊢ μ (⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n) = 0

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
⊢ ∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0

Tactic:
by_contra H

Result:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
⊢ False

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
⊢ ∃ N, μ (t N) ≠ 0 ∧ ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0

Tactic:
rw [Nat.frequently_atTop_iff_infinite, not_infinite] at H

Result:
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : {n | μ (s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0}.Finite
⊢ ∃ N, μ (t N) ≠ 0 ∧ ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0

Proof state:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro.intro.refine_2
α : Type u_1
inst✝ : MeasurableSpace α
f : α → α
s : Set α
μ : Measure α
hf : Conservative f μ
hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ
h0 : μ s ≠ 0
t : ℕ → Set α := fun n => s ∩ f^[n] ⁻¹' s
H : ¬∃ᶠ (m : ℕ) in atTop, μ (s ∩ f^[m] ⁻¹' s) ≠ 0
N : ℕ
hN : μ (t N) ≠ 0
hmax : ∀ n > N, μ (t n) = 0
htm : ∀ {n : ℕ}, NullMeasurableSet (t n) μ
T : Set α := t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hT : T = t N \ ⋃ n, ⋃ (_ : n > N), t n
hμT : μ T ≠ 0
hTm : NullMeasurableSet T μ
x : α
hxt : x ∈ T
m : ℕ
hm₀ : m ≠ 0
hmt : f^[m] x ∈ T
⊢ x ∈ f^[N + m] ⁻¹' s

Tactic:
simpa only [iterate_add] using hmt.1.2

Result:
no goals