-- Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/GaussLemma.lean
theorem Monic.irreducible_iff_irreducible_map_fraction_map [IsIntegrallyClosed R] {p : R[X]}
    (h : p.Monic) : Irreducible p ↔ Irreducible (p.map <| algebraMap R K)

Proof state:
case intro.intro.refine_2
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
⊢ ¬IsUnit a'

Tactic:
by_contra h_contra

Result:
case intro.intro.refine_2
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
h_contra : IsUnit a'
⊢ False

Proof state:
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = a * b
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
⊢ a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1

Tactic:
rw [← leadingCoeff_mul, ← H, Monic.leadingCoeff (h.map <| algebraMap R K)]

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = a * b
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
⊢ IsUnit b

Tactic:
obtain ⟨b', hb⟩ := eq_map_mul_C_of_dvd K h (dvd_of_mul_left_eq a H.symm)

Result:
case intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = a * b
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
⊢ IsUnit b

Proof state:
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
⊢ Irreducible p ↔ Irreducible (Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p)

Tactic:
refine
  ⟨fun hp =>
    irreducible_iff.mpr
      ⟨hp.not_unit.imp h.isPrimitive.isUnit_iff_isUnit_map.mpr, fun a b H =>
        or_iff_not_imp_left.mpr fun hₐ => ?_⟩,
    fun hp =>
    h.isPrimitive.irreducible_of_irreducible_map_of_injective (IsFractionRing.injective R K) hp⟩

Result:
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = a * b
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
⊢ IsUnit b

Proof state:
case intro.intro.refine_2
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
h_contra : IsUnit a'
⊢ False

Tactic:
refine hₐ ?_

Result:
case intro.intro.refine_2
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
h_contra : IsUnit a'
⊢ IsUnit a

Proof state:
case intro.intro.refine_1
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
⊢ p = a' * b'

Tactic:
exact Polynomial.map_injective _ (IsFractionRing.injective R K) H

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
⊢ C a.leadingCoeff * C b.leadingCoeff = 1

Tactic:
rw [← C_mul, this, C_1]

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) (a' * b')
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
h_contra : IsUnit a'
⊢ C a.leadingCoeff * C b.leadingCoeff = 1

Tactic:
rw [← C_mul, this, C_1]

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = a * b
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
⊢ IsUnit b

Tactic:
have : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1 := by
  rw [← leadingCoeff_mul, ← H, Monic.leadingCoeff (h.map <| algebraMap R K)]

Result:
case intro.intro
R : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : CommRing R
K : Type u_2
inst✝³ : Field K
inst✝² : Algebra R K
inst✝¹ : IsFractionRing R K
inst✝ : IsIntegrallyClosed R
p : R[X]
h : p.Monic
hp : Irreducible p
a b : K[X]
H : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) p = a * b
hₐ : ¬IsUnit a
a' : R[X]
ha : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) a' * C a.leadingCoeff = a
b' : R[X]
hb : Polynomial.map (algebraMap R K) b' * C b.leadingCoeff = b
this : a.leadingCoeff * b.leadingCoeff = 1
⊢ IsUnit b