-- Mathlib/FieldTheory/Galois/Basic.lean
theorem of_separable_splitting_field_aux [hFE : FiniteDimensional F E] [sp : p.IsSplittingField F E]
    (hp : p.Separable) (K : Type*) [Field K] [Algebra F K] [Algebra K E] [IsScalarTower F K E]
    {x : E} (hx : x ∈ p.aroots E)
    -- these are both implied by `hFE`, but as they carry data this makes the lemma more general
    [Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)]
    [Fintype (K⟮x⟯.restrictScalars F →ₐ[F] E)] :
    Fintype.card (K⟮x⟯.restrictScalars F →ₐ[F] E) = Fintype.card (K →ₐ[F] E) * finrank K K⟮x⟯

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
⊢ Fintype.card (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) = Fintype.card (K →ₐ[F] E) * finrank K ↥K⟮x⟯

Tactic:
let key_equiv : (K⟮x⟯.restrictScalars F →ₐ[F] E) ≃
    Σ f : K →ₐ[F] E, @AlgHom K K⟮x⟯ E _ _ _ _ (RingHom.toAlgebra f) := by
  change (K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[F] E) ≃ Σ f : K →ₐ[F] E, _
  exact algHomEquivSigma

Result:
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
⊢ Fintype.card (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) = Fintype.card (K →ₐ[F] E) * finrank K ↥K⟮x⟯

Proof state:
case h₁.h_splits
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
f : K →ₐ[F] E
a✝ : f ∈ Finset.univ
⊢ Polynomial.Splits (algebraMap F E) p

Tactic:
exact sp.splits

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case h₁
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
f : K →ₐ[F] E
a✝ : f ∈ Finset.univ
⊢ Fintype.card (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) = (minpoly K x).natDegree

Tactic:
rw [← @IntermediateField.card_algHom_adjoin_integral K _ E _ _ x E _ (RingHom.toAlgebra f) h]

Result:
case h₁
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
f : K →ₐ[F] E
a✝ : f ∈ Finset.univ
⊢ Fintype.card (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) = Fintype.card (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)

case h₁.h_sep
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
f : K →ₐ[F] E
a✝ : f ∈ Finset.univ
⊢ IsSeparable K x

case h₁.h_splits
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
f : K →ₐ[F] E
a✝ : f ∈ Finset.univ
⊢ Polynomial.Splits (algebraMap K E) (minpoly K x)

Proof state:
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
⊢ Fintype.card (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) = Fintype.card (K →ₐ[F] E) * finrank K ↥K⟮x⟯

Tactic:
rw [Fintype.card_congr key_equiv, Fintype.card_sigma, IntermediateField.adjoin.finrank h]

Result:
F : Type u_1
inst✝⁸ : Field F
E : Type u_2
inst✝⁷ : Field E
inst✝⁶ : Algebra F E
p : F[X]
hFE : FiniteDimensional F E
sp : Polynomial.IsSplittingField F E p
hp : p.Separable
K : Type u_3
inst✝⁵ : Field K
inst✝⁴ : Algebra F K
inst✝³ : Algebra K E
inst✝² : IsScalarTower F K E
x : E
hx : x ∈ p.aroots E
inst✝¹ : Fintype (K →ₐ[F] E)
inst✝ : Fintype (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E)
h : IsIntegral K x
h1 : p ≠ 0
h2 : minpoly K x ∣ Polynomial.map (algebraMap F K) p
key_equiv : (↥(IntermediateField.restrictScalars F K⟮x⟯) →ₐ[F] E) ≃ (f : K →ₐ[F] E) × (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) :=
  id algHomEquivSigma
this : (f : K →ₐ[F] E) → Fintype (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E)
⊢ ∑ i : K →ₐ[F] E, Fintype.card (↥K⟮x⟯ →ₐ[K] E) = Fintype.card (K →ₐ[F] E) * (minpoly K x).natDegree