-- Mathlib/FieldTheory/JacobsonNoether.lean
theorem exists_separable_and_not_isCentral (H : k ≠ (⊤ : Subring D)) :
    ∃ x : D, x ∉ k ∧ IsSeparable k x

Proof state:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
x✝ : Invertible c := { invOf := c⁻¹, invOf_mul_self := ⋯, mul_invOf_self := ⋯ }
hc : a * c = c * a
d : D := c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hd_def : d = c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hc' : c⁻¹ * a = a * c⁻¹
c_eq : a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = c
eq1 : c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - c⁻¹ * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = 1
deq : d = 1 + a⁻¹ * d * a
⊢ False

Tactic:
obtain ⟨r, hr⟩ := exists_pow_mem_center_of_inseparable p d insep

Result:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
x✝ : Invertible c := { invOf := c⁻¹, invOf_mul_self := ⋯, mul_invOf_self := ⋯ }
hc : a * c = c * a
d : D := c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hd_def : d = c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hc' : c⁻¹ * a = a * c⁻¹
c_eq : a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = c
eq1 : c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - c⁻¹ * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = 1
deq : d = 1 + a⁻¹ * d * a
r : ℕ
hr : d ^ p ^ r ∈ k
⊢ False

Proof state:
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
⊢ ∃ x ∉ k, IsSeparable (↥k) x

Tactic:
obtain ⟨p, hp⟩ := ExpChar.exists D

Result:
case intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
⊢ ∃ x ∉ k, IsSeparable (↥k) x

Proof state:
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
m : ℕ
hm2 : ∀ (n : ℕ), p ^ m ≤ n → (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] = 0
h_exist : ∃ n, 0 < n ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
t : ℕ := Nat.find h_exist - 1
ht : t = Nat.find h_exist - 1
h_pos : 0 < t
⊢ t < Nat.find h_exist

Tactic:
omega

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
hb : (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
⊢ False

Tactic:
set c := (ad k D a)^[n] b with hc_def

Result:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
⊢ False

Proof state:
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
x✝ : Invertible c := { invOf := c⁻¹, invOf_mul_self := ⋯, mul_invOf_self := ⋯ }
this : ((ad (↥k) D) a) c = 0
⊢ (mulLeft (↥k) a) c - (mulRight (↥k) a) c = 0

Tactic:
rw [← this]

Result:
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
x✝ : Invertible c := { invOf := c⁻¹, invOf_mul_self := ⋯, mul_invOf_self := ⋯ }
this : ((ad (↥k) D) a) c = 0
⊢ (mulLeft (↥k) a) c - (mulRight (↥k) a) c = ((ad (↥k) D) a) c

Proof state:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
x✝ : Invertible c := { invOf := c⁻¹, invOf_mul_self := ⋯, mul_invOf_self := ⋯ }
hc : a * c = c * a
d : D := c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hd_def : d = c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hc' : c⁻¹ * a = a * c⁻¹
c_eq : a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = c
eq1 : c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - c⁻¹ * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = 1
deq : a⁻¹ * (a * d - d * a) = a⁻¹ * a
⊢ False

Tactic:
rw [mul_sub, ← mul_assoc, inv_mul_cancel₀ ha₀, one_mul, ← mul_assoc, sub_eq_iff_eq_add] at deq

Result:
case intro.intro.intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
n : ℕ
hn : 0 < n
c : D := (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
hb : c ≠ 0 ∧ (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n + 1] b = 0
hc_def : c = (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n] b
x✝ : Invertible c := { invOf := c⁻¹, invOf_mul_self := ⋯, mul_invOf_self := ⋯ }
hc : a * c = c * a
d : D := c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hd_def : d = c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b
hc' : c⁻¹ * a = a * c⁻¹
c_eq : a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = c
eq1 : c⁻¹ * a * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b - c⁻¹ * (⇑((ad (↥k) D) a))^[n - 1] b * a = 1
deq : d = 1 + a⁻¹ * d * a
⊢ False

Proof state:
case intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
⊢ False

Tactic:
obtain ⟨b, hb1⟩ : ∃ b : D , ad k D a b ≠ 0 := by
  rw [Subring.mem_center_iff, not_forall] at ha
  use ha.choose
  show a * ha.choose - ha.choose * a ≠ 0
  simpa only [ne_eq, sub_eq_zero] using Ne.symm ha.choose_spec

Result:
case intro.intro.intro
D : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : DivisionRing D
inst✝ : Algebra.IsAlgebraic (↥k) D
H : k ≠ ⊤
p : ℕ
hp : ExpChar D p
insep : ∀ (x : D), IsSeparable (↥k) x → x ∈ k
a : D
ha : a ∉ k
ha₀ : a ≠ 0
b : D
hb1 : ((ad (↥k) D) a) b ≠ 0
⊢ False