-- Mathlib/Analysis/Convex/Visible.lean
/-- If a point `x` sees a convex combination of points of a set `s` through `convexHull ℝ s ∌ x`,
then it sees all terms of that combination.

Note that the converse does not hold. -/
lemma IsVisible.of_convexHull_of_pos {ι : Type*} {t : Finset ι} {a : ι → V} {w : ι → 𝕜}
    (hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i) (hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1) (ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s)
    (hx : x ∉ convexHull 𝕜 s) (hw : IsVisible 𝕜 (convexHull 𝕜 s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)) {i : ι}
    (hi : i ∈ t) (hwi : 0 < w i) : IsVisible 𝕜 (convexHull 𝕜 s) x (a i)

Proof state:
case inr.intro.intro.intro.intro
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝¹ : 0 < w i
hwi✝ : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
hwi : 0 < 1 - w i
⊢ False

Tactic:
refine hw (z := lineMap x (∑ j ∈ t, w j • a j) ((w i)⁻¹ / ((1 - ε) / ε + (w i)⁻¹)))
  ?_ <| sbtw_lineMap_iff.2 ⟨(ne_of_mem_of_not_mem ((convex_convexHull ..).sum_mem hw₀ hw₁
  fun i hi ↦ subset_convexHull _ _ <| ha _ hi) hx).symm, by positivity,
  (div_lt_one <| by positivity).2 ?_⟩

Result:
case inr.intro.intro.intro.intro.refine_1
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝¹ : 0 < w i
hwi✝ : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
hwi : 0 < 1 - w i
⊢ (lineMap x (∑ j ∈ t, w j • a j)) ((w i)⁻¹ / ((1 - ε) / ε + (w i)⁻¹)) ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s

case inr.intro.intro.intro.intro.refine_2
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝¹ : 0 < w i
hwi✝ : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
hwi : 0 < 1 - w i
⊢ (w i)⁻¹ < (1 - ε) / ε + (w i)⁻¹

Proof state:
case refine_1
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝¹ : 0 < w i
hwi✝ : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
hwi : 0 < 1 - w i
⊢ (1 - w i) / w i ≤ (1 - ε) / ε + (1 - w i) / w i + 1

Tactic:
calc
  (1 - w i) / w i = 0 + (1 - w i) / w i + 0 := by simp
  _ ≤ (1 - ε) / ε + (1 - w i) / w i + 1 := by gcongr <;> positivity

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case refine_1
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝¹ : 0 < w i
hwi✝ : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
hwi : 0 < 1 - w i
⊢ (1 - w i) / w i / ((1 - ε) / ε + (1 - w i) / w i + 1) ≤ 1

Tactic:
refine (div_le_one <| by positivity).2 ?_

Result:
case refine_1
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝¹ : 0 < w i
hwi✝ : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
hwi : 0 < 1 - w i
⊢ (1 - w i) / w i ≤ (1 - ε) / ε + (1 - w i) / w i + 1

Proof state:
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝ : 0 < w i
hwi : w i < 1
hε₀ : 0 ≤ 0
hε₁ : 0 ≤ 1
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) 0 ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) 0 ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) 0 ≠ a i
⊢ False

Tactic:
simp at h

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
hw₁ : ∑ i ∈ t, w i = 1
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝ : 0 < w i
hwi : w i < 1
ε : 𝕜
hε : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ∈ (convexHull 𝕜) s
h : (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ x ∧ (lineMap x (a i)) ε ≠ a i
hε₀ : 0 < ε
hε₁ : ε < 1
this : 0 < 1 - ε
⊢ 0 < 1 - w i

Tactic:
linarith

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case h.e'_10
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hw₁ : ∀ i_1 ∈ t.erase i, w i_1 = 0
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝ : 0 < w i
hwi : w i = 1
⊢ ∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i = w i • a i

Tactic:
refine sum_eq_single _ (fun j hj hji ↦ ?_) (by simp [hi])

Result:
case h.e'_10
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hw₁ : ∀ i_1 ∈ t.erase i, w i_1 = 0
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝ : 0 < w i
hwi : w i = 1
j : ι
hj : j ∈ t
hji : j ≠ i
⊢ w j • a j = 0

Proof state:
𝕜 : Type u_1
V : Type u_2
inst✝² : LinearOrderedField 𝕜
inst✝¹ : AddCommGroup V
inst✝ : Module 𝕜 V
s : Set V
x : V
ι : Type u_4
t : Finset ι
a : ι → V
w : ι → 𝕜
hw₀ : ∀ i ∈ t, 0 ≤ w i
ha : ∀ i ∈ t, a i ∈ s
hx : x ∉ (convexHull 𝕜) s
hw : IsVisible 𝕜 ((convexHull 𝕜) s) x (∑ i ∈ t, w i • a i)
i : ι
hw₁ : ∀ i_1 ∈ t.erase i, w i_1 = 0
hi : i ∈ t
hwi✝ : 0 < w i
hwi : w i = 1
⊢ i ∉ t → w i • a i = 0

Tactic:
simp [hi]

Result:
no goals