-- Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Integral/VitaliCaratheodory.lean
theorem SimpleFunc.exists_upperSemicontinuous_le_lintegral_le (f : α →ₛ ℝ≥0)
    (int_f : (∫⁻ x, f x ∂μ) ≠ ∞) {ε : ℝ≥0∞} (ε0 : ε ≠ 0) :
    ∃ g : α → ℝ≥0, (∀ x, g x ≤ f x) ∧ UpperSemicontinuous g ∧
      (∫⁻ x, f x ∂μ) ≤ (∫⁻ x, g x ∂μ) + ε

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
f : α →ₛ ℝ≥0
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(f x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
⊢ ∃ g, (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ f x) ∧ UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(f x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

Tactic:
induction' f using MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.induction with c s hs f₁ f₂ _ h₁ h₂ generalizing ε

Result:
case h_ind
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
⊢ ∃ g,
    (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∧
      UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

case h_add
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
f₁ f₂ : α →ₛ ℝ≥0
a✝ : Disjoint (Function.support ⇑f₁) (Function.support ⇑f₂)
h₁ :
  ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(f₁ x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤ →
    ∀ {ε : ℝ≥0∞},
      ε ≠ 0 → ∃ g, (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ f₁ x) ∧ UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(f₁ x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε
h₂ :
  ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(f₂ x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤ →
    ∀ {ε : ℝ≥0∞},
      ε ≠ 0 → ∃ g, (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ f₂ x) ∧ UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(f₂ x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((f₁ + f₂) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
⊢ ∃ g,
    (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ (f₁ + f₂) x) ∧ UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((f₁ + f₂) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

Proof state:
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
μs_lt_top : μ s < ⊤
this : 0 < ε / ↑c
F : Set α
Fs : F ⊆ s
F_closed : IsClosed F
μF : μ s < μ F + ε / ↑c
⊢ ↑c * (μ F + ε / ↑c) = ↑c * μ F + ε

Tactic:
simp_rw [mul_add]

Result:
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
μs_lt_top : μ s < ⊤
this : 0 < ε / ↑c
F : Set α
Fs : F ⊆ s
F_closed : IsClosed F
μF : μ s < μ F + ε / ↑c
⊢ ↑c * μ F + ↑c * (ε / ↑c) = ↑c * μ F + ε

Proof state:
case neg.intro.intro.intro
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
μs_lt_top : μ s < ⊤
this : 0 < ε / ↑c
F : Set α
Fs : F ⊆ s
F_closed : IsClosed F
μF : μ s < μ F + ε / ↑c
⊢ ∃ g,
    (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∧
      UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

Tactic:
refine
  ⟨Set.indicator F fun _ => c, fun x => ?_, F_closed.upperSemicontinuous_indicator (zero_le _),
    ?_⟩

Result:
case neg.intro.intro.intro.refine_1
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
μs_lt_top : μ s < ⊤
this : 0 < ε / ↑c
F : Set α
Fs : F ⊆ s
F_closed : IsClosed F
μF : μ s < μ F + ε / ↑c
x : α
⊢ F.indicator (fun x => c) x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x

case neg.intro.intro.intro.refine_2
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
μs_lt_top : μ s < ⊤
this : 0 < ε / ↑c
F : Set α
Fs : F ⊆ s
F_closed : IsClosed F
μF : μ s < μ F + ε / ↑c
⊢ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(F.indicator (fun x => c) x) ∂μ + ε

Proof state:
case h_ind
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
⊢ ∃ g,
    (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∧
      UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

Tactic:
by_cases hc : c = 0

Result:
case pos
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : c = 0
⊢ ∃ g,
    (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∧
      UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

case neg
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
⊢ ∃ g,
    (∀ (x : α), g x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∧
      UpperSemicontinuous g ∧ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≤ ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑(g x) ∂μ + ε

Proof state:
case pos.refine_1
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : c = 0
⊢ ∀ (x : α), (fun x => 0) x ≤ (piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x

Tactic:
classical
simp only [hc, Set.indicator_zero', Pi.zero_apply, SimpleFunc.const_zero, imp_true_iff,
  eq_self_iff_true, SimpleFunc.coe_zero, Set.piecewise_eq_indicator,
  SimpleFunc.coe_piecewise, le_zero_iff]

Result:
no goals

Proof state:
case neg.intro.intro.intro.refine_2
α : Type u_1
inst✝³ : TopologicalSpace α
inst✝² : MeasurableSpace α
inst✝¹ : BorelSpace α
μ : Measure α
inst✝ : μ.WeaklyRegular
c : ℝ≥0
s : Set α
hs : MeasurableSet s
int_f : ∫⁻ (x : α), ↑((piecewise s hs (const α c) (const α 0)) x) ∂μ ≠ ⊤
ε : ℝ≥0∞
ε0 : ε ≠ 0
hc : ¬c = 0
μs_lt_top : μ s < ⊤
this : 0 < ε / ↑c
F : Set α
Fs : F ⊆ s
F_closed : IsClosed F
μF : μ s < μ F + ε / ↑c
⊢ ↑c * μ s ≤ ↑c * μ F + ε

Tactic:
calc
  (c : ℝ≥0∞) * μ s ≤ c * (μ F + ε / c) := mul_le_mul_left' μF.le _
  _ = c * μ F + ε := by
    simp_rw [mul_add]
    rw [ENNReal.mul_div_cancel _ ENNReal.coe_ne_top]
    simpa using hc

Result:
no goals