harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Myringotomy/Tube Insertion 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Bilateral myringotomies, insertion of PE tubes, and pharyngeal anesthesia.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,  Chronic otitis media with effusion, conductive hearing loss, and recurrent acute otitis media.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,  Chronic otitis media with effusion, conductive hearing loss, and recurrent acute otitis media.,OPERATION: , Bilateral myringotomies, insertion of PE tubes, and pharyngeal anesthesia.,ANESTHESIA:  ,General via facemask.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , None.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,INDICATIONS:  ,The patient is a one-year-old with history of chronic and recurrent episodes of otitis media with persistent middle ear effusions resistant to medical therapy.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was brought to the operating room, was placed in supine position.  General anesthesia was begun via face mask technique.  Once an adequate level of anesthesia was obtained, the operating microscope was brought, positioned and visualized the right ear canal.  A small amount of wax was removed with a loop.  A 4-mm operating speculum was then introduced.  An anteroinferior quadrant radial myringotomy was then performed.  A large amount of mucoid middle ear effusion was aspirated from the middle ear cleft.  Reuter bobbin PE tube was then inserted, followed by Floxin otic drops and a cotton ball in the external meatus.  Head was then turned to the opposite side, where similar procedure was performed.  Once again, the middle ear cleft had a mucoid effusion.  A tube was inserted to an anteroinferior quadrant radial myringotomy.,Anesthesia was then reversed and the patient was transported to the recovery room having tolerated the procedure well with stable signs.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Mohs Micrographic Surgery for basal cell CA at mid parietal scalp.

PREOP DIAGNOSIS: , Basal Cell CA.,POSTOP DIAGNOSIS:,  Basal Cell CA.,LOCATION: , Mid parietal scalp.,PREOP SIZE:,  1.5 x 2.9 cm,POSTOP SIZE:,  2.7 x 2.9 cm,INDICATION:,  Poorly defined borders.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,HEMOSTASIS:, Electrodessication.,PLANNED RECONSTRUCTION:,  Simple Linear Closure.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:,  Prior to each surgical stage, the surgical site was tested for anesthesia and reanesthetized as needed, after which it was prepped and draped in a sterile fashion.,The clinically-apparent tumor was carefully defined and debulked prior to the first stage, determining the extent of the surgical excision.  With each stage, a thin layer of tumor-laden tissue was excised with a narrow margin of normal appearing skin, using the Mohs fresh tissue technique.  A map was prepared to correspond to the area of skin from which it was excised.  The tissue was prepared for the cryostat and sectioned.  Each section was coded, cut and stained for microscopic examination.  The entire base and margins of the excised piece of tissue were examined by the surgeon.  Areas noted to be positive on the previous stage (if applicable) were removed with the Mohs technique and processed for analysis.,No tumor was identified after the final stage of microscopically controlled surgery.  The patient tolerated the procedure well without any complication.  After discussion with the patient regarding the various options, the best closure option for each defect was selected for optimal functional and cosmetic results.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery - 2 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Mohs Micrographic Surgery for basal cell CA at medial right inferior helix.

PREOP DIAGNOSIS: , Basal Cell CA.,POSTOP DIAGNOSIS:,  Basal Cell CA.,LOCATION:  ,Medial right inferior helix.,PREOP SIZE:,  1.4 x 1 cm,POSTOP SIZE: , 2.7 x 2 cm,INDICATION: , Poorly defined borders.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,HEMOSTASIS: , Electrodessication.,PLANNED RECONSTRUCTION: , Wedge resection advancement flap.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , Prior to each surgical stage, the surgical site was tested for anesthesia and reanesthetized as needed, after which it was prepped and draped in a sterile fashion.,The clinically-apparent tumor was carefully defined and debulked prior to the first stage, determining the extent of the surgical excision.  With each stage, a thin layer of tumor-laden tissue was excised with a narrow margin of normal appearing skin, using the Mohs fresh tissue technique.  A map was prepared to correspond to the area of skin from which it was excised.  The tissue was prepared for the cryostat and sectioned.  Each section was coded, cut and stained for microscopic examination.  The entire base and margins of the excised piece of tissue were examined by the surgeon.  Areas noted to be positive on the previous stage (if applicable) were removed with the Mohs technique and processed for analysis.,No tumor was identified after the final stage of microscopically controlled surgery.  The patient tolerated the procedure well without any complication.  After discussion with the patient regarding the various options, the best closure option for each defect was selected for optimal functional and cosmetic results.
Middle Ear Exploration 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Right middle ear exploration with a Goldenberg TORP reconstruction.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right profound mixed sensorineural conductive hearing loss.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Right profound mixed sensorineural conductive hearing loss.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,  Right middle ear exploration with a Goldenberg TORP reconstruction.,ANESTHESIA:,  General ,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:,  Less than 5 cc.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS:,  The patient consented to revision surgery because of the profound hearing loss in her right ear.  It was unclear from her previous operative records and CT scan as to whether or not she was a reconstruction candidate.  She had reports of stapes fixation as well as otosclerosis on her CT scan.,At surgery, she was found to have a mobile malleus handle, but her stapes was fixed by otosclerosis.  There was no incus.  There was no specific round window niche.  There was a very minute crevice; however, exploration of this area did not reveal a niche to a round window membrane.  The patient had a type of TORP prosthesis, which had tilted off the footplate anteriorly underneath the malleus handle.,DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE:,  The patient was brought to the operative room and placed in supine position.  The right face, ear, and neck prepped with ***** alcohol solution.  The right ear was draped in the sterile field.  External auditory canal was injected with 1% Xylocaine with 1:50,000 epinephrine.  A Fisch indwelling incision was made and a tympanomeatal flap was developed in a 12 o'clock to the 7 o'clock position.  Meatal skin was elevated, middle ear was entered.  This exposure included the oval window, round window areas.  There was a good cartilage graft in place and incorporated into the posterior superior ***** of the drum.  The previous prosthesis was found out of position as it had tilted out of position anteriorly, and there was no contact with the footplate.  The prosthesis was removed without difficulty.  The patient's stapes had an arch, but the ***** was atrophied.  Malleus handle was mobile.  The footplate was fixed.  Consideration have been given to performing a stapedectomy with a tissue seal and then returning later for prosthesis insertion; however, upon inspection of the round window area, there was found to be no definable round window niche, no round window membrane.  The patient was felt to have obliterated otosclerosis of this area along with the stapes fixation.  She is not considered to be a reconstruction candidate under the current circumstances.  No attempt was made to remove bone from the round window area.  A different style of Goldenberg TORP was placed on the footplate underneath the cartilage support in hopes of transferring some sound conduction from the tympanic membrane to the footplate.  The fit was secure and supported with Gelfoam in the middle ear.  The tympanomeatal flap was returned to anatomic position supported with Gelfoam saturated Ciprodex.  The incision was closed with #4-0 Vicryl and individual #5-0 nylon to the skin, and a sterile dressing was applied.
Mesothelioma - Port-A-Cath Insertion 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Biopsy-proven mesothelioma - Placement of Port-A-Cath, left subclavian vein with fluoroscopy.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Mesothelioma.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Mesothelioma.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , Placement of Port-A-Cath, left subclavian vein with fluoroscopy.,ASSISTANT:,  None.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient is a 74-year-old gentleman who underwent right thoracoscopy and was found to have biopsy-proven mesothelioma.  He was brought to the operating room now for Port-A-Cath placement for chemotherapy.  After informed consent was obtained with the patient, the patient was taken to the operating room, placed in supine position.  After induction of general endotracheal anesthesia, routine prep and drape of the left chest, left subclavian vein was cannulated with #18 gauze needle, and guidewire was inserted.  Needle was removed.  Small incision was made large enough to harbor the port.  Dilator and introducers were then placed over the guidewire.  Guidewire and dilator were removed, and a Port-A-Cath was introduced in the subclavian vein through the introducers.  Introducers were peeled away without difficulty.  He measured with fluoroscopy and cut to the appropriate length.  The tip of the catheter was noted to be at the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium.  It was then connected to the hub of the port.  Port was then aspirated for patency and flushed with heparinized saline and summoned to the chest wall.  Wounds were then closed.  Needle count, sponge count, and instrument counts were all correct.
MediPort Placement 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Rhabdomyosarcoma of the left orbit.  Left subclavian vein MediPort placement.  Needs chemotherapy.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Rhabdomyosarcoma of the left orbit.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Rhabdomyosarcoma of the left orbit.,PROCEDURE: , Left subclavian vein MediPort placement (7.5-French single-lumen).,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , This patient is a 16-year-old girl, with newly diagnosed rhabdomyosarcoma of the left orbit.  The patient is being taken to the operating room for MediPort placement.  She needs chemotherapy.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operating room, placed supine, put under general endotracheal anesthesia.  The patient's neck, chest, and shoulders were prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  An incision was made on the left shoulder area.  The left subclavian vein was cannulated.  The wire was passed, which was in good position under fluoro, using Seldinger Technique.  Near wire incision site made a pocket above the fascia and sutured in a size 7.5-French single-lumen MediPort into the pocket in 4 places using 3-0 Nurolon.  I then sized the catheter under fluoro and placed introducer and dilator over the wire, removed the wire and dilator, placed the catheter through the introducer and removed the introducer.  The line tip was in good position under fluoro.  It withdrew and flushed well.  I then closed the incision using 4-0 Vicryl, 5-0 Monocryl for the skin, and dressed with Steri-Strips.  Accessed the ports with a 1-inch 20-gauge Huber needle, and it withdrew and flushed well with final heparin flush.  We secured this with Tegaderm.  The patient is then to undergo bilateral bone marrow biopsy and lumbar puncture by Oncology.
Microsuspension Direct Laryngoscopy & Biopsy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Microsuspension direct laryngoscopy with biopsy.  Fullness in right base of the tongue and chronic right ear otalgia.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Fullness in right base of the tongue.,2.  Chronic right ear otalgia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Pending pathology.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Microsuspension direct laryngoscopy with biopsy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,INDICATION:,  This is a 50-year-old female who presents to the office with a chief complaint of ear pain on the right side.  Exact etiology of her ear pain had not been identified.  A fiberoptic examination had been performed in the office.  Upon examination, she was noted to have fullness in the right base of her tongue.  She was counseled on the risks, benefits, and alternatives to surgery and consented to such.,PROCEDURE: , After informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the Operative Suite where she was placed in supine position.  General endotracheal tube intubation was delivered by the Department of Anesthesia.  The patient was rotated 90 degrees away where a shoulder roll was placed.  A tooth guard was then placed to protect the upper dentition.  The Dedo laryngoscope was then inserted into the oral cavity.  It was advanced on the right lateral pharyngeal wall until the epiglottis was brought into view.  At this point, it was advanced underneath the epiglottis until the vocal cords were seen.  At this point, it was suspended via the Lewy suspension arm from the Mayo stand.  At this point, the Zeiss microscope with a 400 mm lens was brought into the surgical field.  Inspection of the vocal cords underneath the microscope revealed them to be white and glistening without any mucosal abnormalities.  It should be mentioned that the right vocal cord did appear to be slightly more hyperemic, however, there were no mucosal abnormalities identified.  This was confirmed with a laryngeal probe as well as use of mirror evaluated in the subglottic portion as well as the ventricle.  At this point, the scope was desuspended and the microscope was removed.  The scope was withdrawn through the vallecular region.  Inspection of the vallecula revealed a fullness on the right side with a papillomatous type growth that appeared very friable.  Biopsies were obtained with straight-biting cup forceps.  Once hemostasis was achieved, the scope was advanced into the piriform sinuses.  Again in the right piriform sinus, there was noted to be studding along the right lateral wall of the piriform sinus.  Again, biopsies were performed and once hemostasis was achieved, the scope was further withdrawn down the lateral pharyngeal wall.  There were no mucosal abnormalities identified within the oropharynx.  The scope was then completely removed and a bimanual examination was performed.  No neck masses were identified.  At this point, the procedure was complete.  The mouth guard was removed and the patient was returned to Anesthesia for awakening and taken to the recovery room without incident.
Mesothelioma - Pleural Biopsy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Right pleural effusion and suspected malignant mesothelioma.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right pleural effusion and suspected malignant mesothelioma.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Right pleural effusion, suspected malignant mesothelioma.,PROCEDURE: , Right VATS pleurodesis and pleural biopsy.,ANESTHESIA:,  General double-lumen endotracheal.,DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS: , Right pleural effusion, firm nodules, diffuse scattered throughout the right pleura and diaphragmatic surface.,SPECIMEN: , Pleural biopsies for pathology and microbiology.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,FLUIDS: , Crystalloid 1.2 L and 1.9 L of pleural effusion drained.,INDICATIONS: , Briefly, this is a 66-year-old gentleman who has been transferred from an outside hospital after a pleural effusion had been drained and biopsies taken from the right chest that were thought to be consistent with mesothelioma.  Upon transfer, he had a right pleural effusion demonstrated on x-ray as well as some shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion.  The risks, benefits, and alternatives to right VATS pleurodesis and pleural biopsy were discussed with the patient and his family and they wished to proceed.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:  ,After informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the operating room and placed in supine position.  A double-lumen endotracheal tube was placed.  SCDs were also placed and he was given preoperative Kefzol.  The patient was then brought into the right side up, left decubitus position, and the area was prepped and draped in the usual fashion.  A needle was inserted in the axillary line to determine position of the effusion.  At this time, a 10-mm port was placed using the knife and Bovie cautery.  The effusion was drained by placing a sucker into this port site.  Upon feeling the surface of the pleura, there were multiple firm nodules.  An additional anterior port was then placed in similar fashion.  The effusion was then drained with a sucker.  Multiple pleural biopsies were taken with the biopsy device in all areas of the pleura.  Of note, feeling the diaphragmatic surface, it appeared that it was quite nodular, but these nodules felt as though they were on the other side of the diaphragm and not on the pleural surface of the diaphragm concerning for a possibly metastatic disease.  This will be worked up with further imaging study later in his hospitalization.  After the effusion had been drained, 2 cans of talc pleurodesis aerosol were used to cover the lung and pleural surface with talc.  The lungs were then inflated and noted to inflate well.  A 32 curved chest tube chest tube was placed and secured with nylon.  The other port site was closed at the level of the fascia with 2-0 Vicryl and then 4-0 Monocryl for the skin.  The patient was then brought in the supine position and extubated and brought to recovery room in stable condition.,Dr. X was present for the entire procedure which was right VATS pleurodesis and pleural biopsies.,The counts were correct x2 at the end of the case.
Mediastinal Exploration & Right Atrium Repair 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 The patient had undergone mitral valve repair about seven days ago. 

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Cardiac tamponade.,2.  Status post mitral valve repair.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Cardiac tamponade.,2.  Status post mitral valve repair.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Mediastinal exploration with repair of right atrium.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal.,INDICATIONS: , The patient had undergone mitral valve repair about seven days ago.  He had epicardial pacing wires removed at the bedside.  Shortly afterwards, he began to feel lightheaded and became pale and diaphoretic.  He was immediately rushed to the operating room for cardiac tamponade following removal of epicardial pacing wires.  He was transported immediately and emergently and remained awake and alert throughout the time period inspite of hypotension with the systolic pressure in the 60s-70s.,DETAILS OF PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was taken emergently to the operating room and placed supine on the operating room table.  His chest was prepped and draped prior to induction under general anesthesia.  Incision was made through the previous median sternotomy chest incision.  Wires were removed in the usual manner and the sternum was retracted.  There were large amounts of dark blood filling the mediastinal chest cavity.  Large amounts of clot were also removed from the pericardial well and chest.  Systematic exploration of the mediastinum and pericardial well revealed bleeding from the right atrial appendix at the site of the previous cannulation.  This was repaired with two horizontal mattress pledgeted #5-0 Prolene sutures.  An additional #0 silk tie was also placed around the base of the atrial appendage for further hemostasis.  No other sites of bleeding were identified.  The mediastinum was then irrigated with copious amounts of antibiotic saline solution.  Two chest tubes were then placed including an angled chest tube into the pericardial well on the inferior border of the heart, as well as straight mediastinal chest tube.  The sternum was then reapproximated with stainless steel wires in the usual manner and the subcutaneous tissue was closed in multiple layers with running Vicryl sutures.  The skin was then closed with a running subcuticular stitch.  The patient was then taken to the Intensive Care Unit in a critical but stable condition.
Mediastinal Exploration 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Mediastinal exploration and delayed primary chest closure.  The patient is a 12-day-old infant who has undergone a modified stage I Norwood procedure with a Sano modification. 

TITLE OF OPERATION:,  Mediastinal exploration and delayed primary chest closure.,INDICATION FOR SURGERY:,  The patient is a 12-day-old infant who has undergone a modified stage I Norwood procedure with a Sano modification.  The patient experienced an unexplained cardiac arrest at the completion of the procedure, which required institution of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for more than two hours following discontinuation of cardiopulmonary bypass.  The patient has been successfully resuscitated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and was decannulated 48 hours ago.  She did not meet the criteria for delayed primary chest closure.,PREOP DIAGNOSIS: , Open chest status post modified stage I Norwood procedure.,POSTOP DIAGNOSIS: , Open chest status post modified stage I Norwood procedure.,ANESTHESIA:,  General endotracheal.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,FINDINGS: , No evidence of intramediastinal purulence or hematoma.  At completion of the procedure no major changes in hemodynamic performance.,DETAILS OF THE PROCEDURE: , After obtaining informed consent, the patient was brought to the room, placed on the operating room table in supine position.  Following the administration of general endotracheal anesthesia, the chest was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion and all the chest drains were removed.  The chest was then prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion and previously placed segmental AlloDerm was removed.  The mediastinum was then thoroughly irrigated with diluted antibiotic irrigation and both pleural cavities suctioned.  Through a separate incision and another 15-French Blake drain was inserted and small titanium clips were utilized to mark the rightward aspect of the RV-PA connection as well as inferior most aspect of the ventriculotomy.  The pleural spaces were opened widely and the sternum was then spilled with vancomycin paste and closed the sternum with steel wires.  The subcutaneous tissue and skin were closed in layers.  There was no evidence of significant increase in central venous pressure or desaturation.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.  Sponge and needle counts were correct times 2 at the end of the procedure.  The patient was transferred to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit shortly thereafter in critical but stable condition.,I was the surgical attending present in the operating room in charge of the surgical  procedure throughout the entire length of the case.
Meatotomy Template 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 An example/template for meatotomy.

OPERATIVE NOTE:  ,The patient was taken to the operating room and was placed in the supine position on the operating room table.  A general inhalation anesthetic was administered.  The patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  The urethral meatus was calibrated with a small mosquito hemostat and was gently dilated.  Next a midline ventral type incision was made opening the meatus.  This was done after clamping the tissue to control bleeding.  The meatus was opened for about 3 mm.  Next the meatus was calibrated and easily calibrated from 8 to 12 French with bougie sounds.  Next the mucosal edges were everted and reapproximated to the glans skin edges with approximately five interrupted 6-0 Vicryl sutures.  The meatus still calibrated between 10 and 12 French.  Antibiotic ointment was applied.  The procedure was terminated.  The patient was awakened and returned to the recovery room in stable condition.