harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Circumcision - 3 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Circumcision procedure in a baby

CIRCUMCISION,After informed consent was obtained the baby was placed on the circumcision tray.  He was prepped in a sterile fashion times 3 with Betadine and then draped in a sterile fashion.  Then 0.2 mL of 1% lidocaine was injected at 10 and 2 o'clock.  A ring block was also done using another 0.3 mL of lidocaine.  Glucose water is also used for anesthesia.  After several minutes the curved clamp was attached at 9 o'clock with care being taken to avoid the meatus.  The blunt probe was then introduced again with care taken to avoid the meatus.  After initial adhesions were taken down the straight clamp was introduced to break down further adhesions.  Care was taken to avoid the frenulum.  The clamps where then repositioned at 12 and 6 o'clock.  The Mogen clamp was then applied with a dorsal tilt.  After the clamp was applied for 1 minute the foreskin was trimmed.  After an additional minute the clamp was removed and the final adhesions were taken down.  Patient tolerated the procedure well with minimal bleeding noted.  Patient to remain for 20 minutes after procedure to insure no further bleeding is noted.,Routine care discussed with the family.  Need to clean the area with just water initially and later with soap and water or diaper wipes once healed.
Circumcision - 1 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Circumcision in an older person

CIRCUMCISION - OLDER PERSON,OPERATIVE NOTE:,  The patient was taken to the operating room and placed in the supine position on the operating table.  General endotracheal anesthesia was administered.  The patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  A 4-0 silk suture is used as a stay-stitch of the glans penis.  Next, incision line was marked circumferentially on the outer skin 3 mm below the corona.  The incision was then carried through the skin and subcutaneous tissues down to within a layer of * fascia.  Next, the foreskin was retracted.  Another circumferential incision was made 3 mm proximal to the corona.  The intervening foreskin was excised.  Meticulous hemostasis was obtained with electrocautery.  Next, the skin was reapproximated at the frenulum with a U stitch of 5-0 chromic followed by stitches at 12, 3, and 9 o'clock.  The stitches were placed equal distance among these to reapproximate all the skin edges.  Next, good cosmetic result was noted with no bleeding at the end of the procedure.  Vaseline gauze, Telfa, and Elastoplast dressing was applied.  The stay-stitch was removed and pressure held until bleeding stopped.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was returned to the recovery room in stable condition.
Cavernosaphenous Shunt - Priapism 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Refractory priapism.  Cavernosaphenous shunt.   The patient presented with priapism x48 hours on this visit.  The patient underwent corporal aspiration and Winter's shunt both of which failed

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Refractory priapism.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Refractory priapism.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Cavernosaphenous shunt.,ANESTHESIA:,  General.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:  ,400 cc.,FLUIDS: , IV fluids 1600 crystalloids, one liter packed red blood cells.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE:  ,This is a 34-year-old African-American male who is known to our service with a history of recurrent priapism.  The patient presented with priapism x48 hours on this visit.  The patient underwent corporal aspiration and Winter's shunt both of which failed and then subsequently underwent _______ procedure.  The patient's priapism did return following this and he was scheduled for cavernosaphenous shunt.,PROCEDURE:,  Informed written consent was obtained.  The patient was taken to the operative suite and administered anesthetic.  The patient was sterilely prepped and draped in the supine fashion.  A #15 French Foley catheter was inserted under sterile conditions.  Incision was made in the left base of the penile shaft on the lateral aspect, approximately 3 cm in length.  Tissue was dissected down to the level of the corpora cavernosum and corpora spongiosum.  The fascia was incised in elliptical fashion for approximately 2 cm.  A #14 gauge Angiocath was inserted into the corpora cavernosum to the glans of the penis and the corpora was irrigated copiously until all of the old clotted blood was removed and fresher irrigation was noted.,Attention was then turned to the left groin and the superficial saphenous vein was harvested.  Due to incisions brought up into the initial incision after gauging enough length, this was then spatulated with Potts scissors for approximately 2 cm.  Vein was irrigated.  One branching vessel was noted to be leaking, this was tied off and repeat injection with heparinized saline showed no additional leaks.  Tunnel was then created from the superior most groin region to the incision in the penile shaft.  Saphenous vein was then passed through this tunnel with the aid of a hemostat.  Anastomosis was performed using #5-0 Prolene suture in a running fashion from proximal to distal.  There were no leaks noted.  There was good flow noted within the saphenous vein graft.  Penis was noted to be in a flaccid state.  All incisions were irrigated copiously and closed in several layers.  Sterile dressings were applied.  The patient was cleaned, transferred to recovery room in stable condition.,PLAN:  ,We will continue with antibiotics for pain control, maintain Foley catheter.  Further recommendations to follow.
Circumcision 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 The patient had spraying of urine and ballooning of the foreskin with voiding.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Phimosis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,  Phimosis.,OPERATIONS:,  Circumcision.,ANESTHESIA: , LMA.,EBL:,  Minimal.,FLUIDS: , Crystalloid.,BRIEF HISTORY: , This is a 3-year-old male, who was referred to us from Dr. X's office with phimosis.  The patient had spraying of urine and ballooning of the foreskin with voiding.  The urine seemed to have collected underneath the foreskin and then would slowly drip out.  Options such as dorsal slit, circumcision, watchful waiting by gently pulling the foreskin back were discussed.  Risk of anesthesia, bleeding, infection, pain, scarring, and expected complications were discussed.  The patient's family understood all the complications and wanted to proceed with the procedure.  Consent was obtained using interpreter.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was brought to the OR and anesthesia was applied.  The patient was placed in supine position.  The patient was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  All the penile adhesions were released prior to the prepping.  The extra foreskin was marked off, 1 x 3 Gamco clamp was used.  Hemostasis was obtained after removing the extra foreskin using the Gamco clamp.,Using 5-0 Monocryl, 4 quadrant stitches were placed and horizontal mattress suturing was done.  There was excellent hemostasis.  Dermabond was applied.  The patient was brought to recovery at the end of the procedure in stable condition.
Circumcision - 4 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Normal Circumcision

The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the Recovery Room in stable condition.
Circumcision - 5 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Release of ventral chordee, circumcision, and repair of partial duplication of urethral meatus.

PROCEDURES:,1.  Release of ventral chordee.,2.  Circumcision.,3.  Repair of partial duplication of urethral meatus.,INDICATIONS: , The patient is an 11-month-old baby boy who presented for evaluation of a duplicated urethral meatus as well as ventral chordee and dorsal prepuce hooding.  He is here electively for surgical correction.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was brought back into operating room 35.  After successful induction of general endotracheal anesthetic, giving the patient, preoperative antibiotics and after completing a preoperative time out, the patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.,A holding stitch was placed in the glans penis.  At this point, we probed both urethral meatus.  Using the Crede maneuver, we could see urine clearly coming out of the lower, the more ventral meatus.  At this point, we cannulated this with a 6-French hypospadias catheter.  We attempted to cannulate the dorsal opening, however, we were unsuccessful.  We then attempted to place lacrimal probes and were also unsuccessful indicating this was incomplete duplication.  At this point, we identified the band connecting both the urethral meatus and incised it with tenotomy scissors.  We sutured both meatus together such that there was one meatus at the normal position at the tip of the glans.,At this point, we made a circumcising incision around the penis and degloved the penis in its entirety relieving all chordee.  Once all the chordee had been adequately released, we turned our attention to the circumcision.  Excessive dorsal foreskin was removed from the skin and glans.  Mucosal cuts were reapproximated with interrupted 5-0 chromic suture.  Dermabond was placed over this and bacitracin was placed on this once dry.  This ended the procedure.  ,DRAINS:,  None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,URINE OUTPUT:  ,Unrecorded.,COMPLICATIONS: , None apparent.,DISPOSITION:  ,The patient will now go under the care of Dr. XYZ, Plastic Surgery, for excision of scalp hemangioma.
Circumcision - 6 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Circumcision.   A dorsal slit was made, and the prepuce was dissected away from the glans penis.

PROCEDURE: , Circumcision.,Signed informed consent was obtained and the procedure explained.,DETAILS OF PROCEDURE: ,The child was placed in a Circumstraint board and restrained in the usual fashion.  The area of the penis and scrotum were prepared with povidone iodine solution.  The area was draped with sterile drapes, and the remainder of the procedure was done with sterile procedure.  A dorsal penile block was done using 2 injections of 0.3 cc each, 1% plain lidocaine.  A dorsal slit was made, and the prepuce was dissected away from the glans penis.  A Gomco clamp was properly placed for 5 minutes.  During this time, the foreskin was sharply excised using a #10 blade.  With removal of the clamp, there was a good cosmetic outcome and no bleeding.  The child appeared to tolerate the procedure well.  Care instructions were given to the parents.
Bladder Laceration Closure 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Closure of bladder laceration, during cesarean section.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Bladder laceration.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,  Bladder laceration.,NAME OF OPERATION: , Closure of bladder laceration.,FINDINGS:,  The patient was undergoing a cesarean section for twins.  During the course of the procedure, a bladder laceration was notices and urology was consulted.  Findings were a laceration on the dome of the bladder.,PROCEDURE: , Initially there as a mucosal layer of suture already placed.  This was done with 3-0 chromic catgut.  The bladder was distended and, while the bladder was distended with physiologic saline, a second layer of 3-0 chromic catgut created a watertight closure.  The second layer included the mucosa an dinner layer of the detrusor muscle.  A third layer of 2-0 Dexon was used.  Each of these were placed in a continuous running-locked suture technique.  There was complete watertight closure of the bladder.  Hemostasis was assured and a Jackson-Pratt drain was brought out through a separate stab wound.  The remaining portion of the operation, both the cesarean section and the wound closure, will be dictated by Dr. Redmond.
Bladder Tumor 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Recurrent bladder tumor.  The patient on recent followup cystoscopy for transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder neck was found to have a 5-cm area of papillomatosis just above the left ureteric orifice.

CHIEF COMPLAINT:,  Recurrent bladder tumor.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a 79-year-old woman, the patient of Dr. X, who on recent followup cystoscopy for transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder neck was found to have a 5-cm area of papillomatosis just above the left ureteric orifice.  The patient underwent TUR of several transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder on the bladder neck in 2006.  This was followed by bladder instillation of BCG.  At this time, the patient denies any voiding symptoms or hematuria.  The patient opting for TUR and electrofulguration of the recurrent tumors.,ALLERGIES: , None known.,MEDICATIONS: , Atenolol 5 mg daily.,OPERATIONS: , Status post bilateral knee replacements and status post TUR of bladder tumors.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , Other than some mild hypertension, the patient is in very, very good health.  No history of diabetes, shortness of breath or chest pain.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , Well-developed and well-nourished woman, alert and oriented.  Her lungs are clear.  Heart, regular sinus rhythm.  Back, no CVA tenderness.  Abdomen, soft and nontender.  No palpable masses.,IMPRESSION: , Recurrent bladder tumors.,PLAN: , The patient to have CBC, chem-6, PT, PTT, EKG, and chest x-ray beforehand.
Bladder Biopsies & Fulguration 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Cystoscopy, bladder biopsies, and fulguration.  Bladder lesions with history of previous transitional cell bladder carcinoma, pathology pending.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Bladder lesions with history of previous transitional cell bladder carcinoma.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Bladder lesions with history of previous transitional cell bladder carcinoma, pathology pending.,OPERATION PERFORMED:  ,Cystoscopy, bladder biopsies, and fulguration.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,INDICATION FOR OPERATION: , This is a 73-year-old gentleman who was recently noted to have some erythematous, somewhat raised bladder lesions in the bladder mucosa at cystoscopy.  He was treated for a large transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder with TURBT in 2002 and subsequently underwent chemotherapy because of pulmonary nodules.  He has had some low grade noninvasive small tumor recurrences on one or two occasions over the past 18 months.  Recent cystoscopy raises suspicion of another recurrence.,OPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The entire bladder was actually somewhat erythematous with mucosa looking somewhat hyperplastic particularly in the right dome and lateral wall of the bladder.  Scarring was noted along the base of the bladder from the patient's previous cysto TURBT.  Ureteral orifice on the right side was not able to be identified.  The left side was unremarkable.,DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION: , The patient was taken to the operating room.  He was placed on the operating table.  General anesthesia was administered after which the patient was placed in the dorsal lithotomy position.  The genitalia and lower abdomen were prepared with Betadine and draped subsequently.  The urethra and bladder were inspected under video urology equipment (25 French panendoscope) with the findings as noted above.  Cup biopsies were taken in two areas from the right lateral wall of the bladder, the posterior wall of bladder, and the bladder neck area.  Each of these biopsy sites were fulgurated with Bugbee electrodes.  Inspection of the sites after completing the procedure revealed no bleeding and bladder irrigant was clear.  The patient's bladder was then emptied.  Cystoscope removed and the patient was awakened and transferred to the postanesthetic recovery area.  There were no apparent complications, and the patient appeared to tolerate the procedure well.  Estimated blood loss was less than 15 mL.
Bilateral Vasovasostomy 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Bilateral vasovasostomy surgery sample.

Initially a small incision was made in the right superior hemiscrotum and the incision was carried down to the vas deferens.  This incision was carried down to the area of the previous vasectomy.  A towel clip was placed around this.  Next the scarred area was dissected free back to normal vas proximally and distally.  Approximately 4 cm of vas was freed up.  Next the vas was amputated above and below the scar tissue.  Fine hemostats were used to grasp the adventitial tissue on each side of the vas, both the proximal and distal ends.  Both ends were then dilated very carefully with lacrimal duct probes up to a #2 successfully.  After accomplishing this, fluid could be milked from the proximal vas which was encouraging.,Next the reanastomosis was performed.  Three 7-0 Prolene were used and full thickness bites were taken through the muscle layer of the vas deferens and into the lumen.  This was all done with 3.5 loupe magnification.  Next the vas ends were pulled together by tying the sutures.  A good reapproximation was noted.  Next in between each of these sutures two to three of the 7-0 Prolenes were used to reapproximate the muscularis layer further in an attempt to make this fluid-tight.,There was no tension on the anastomosis and the vas was delivered back into the right hemiscrotum.  The subcuticular layers were closed with a running 3-0 chromic and the skin was closed with three interrupted 3-0 chromic sutures.,Next an identical procedure was done on the left side.,The patient tolerated the procedure well and was awakened and returned to the recovery room in stable condition.  Antibiotic ointment, fluffs, and a scrotal support were placed.
YAG Laser Capsulotomy - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 This patient has undergone cataract surgery, and vision is reduced in the operated eye due to presence of a secondary capsular membrane.  The patient is being brought in for YAG capsular discission.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Secondary capsular membrane, right eye.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Secondary capsular membrane, right eye.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , YAG laser capsulotomy, right eye.,INDICATIONS: , This patient has undergone cataract surgery, and vision is reduced in the operated eye due to presence of a secondary capsular membrane.  The patient is being brought in for YAG capsular discission.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was seated at the YAG laser, the pupil having been dilated with 1%  Mydriacyl, and Iopidine was instilled.  The Abraham capsulotomy lens was then positioned and applications of laser energy in the pattern indicated on the outpatient note were applied.  A total of
Adrenalectomy & Umbilical Hernia Repair 
Medical specialty:  Urology
 Laparoscopic hand-assisted left adrenalectomy and umbilical hernia repair.  Patient with a 5.5-cm diameter nonfunctioning mass in his right adrenal.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES,1.  Adrenal mass, right sided.,2.  Umbilical hernia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES,1.  Adrenal mass, right sided.,2.  Umbilical hernia.,OPERATION PERFORMED: , Laparoscopic hand-assisted left adrenalectomy and umbilical hernia repair.,ANESTHESIA:  ,General.,CLINICAL NOTE: , This is a 52-year-old inmate with a 5.5 cm diameter nonfunctioning mass in his right adrenal.  Procedure was explained including risks of infection, bleeding, possibility of transfusion, possibility of further treatments being required.  Alternative of fully laparoscopic are open surgery or watching the lesion.,DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION:  ,In the right flank-up position, table was flexed.  He had a Foley catheter in place.  Incision was made from just above the umbilicus, about 5.5 cm in diameter.  The umbilical hernia was taken down.  An 11 mm trocar was placed in the midline, superior to the GelPort and a 5 mm trocar placed in the midaxillary line below the costal margin.  A liver retractor was placed to this.,The colon was reflected medially by incising the white line of Toldt.  The liver attachments to the adrenal kidney were divided and the liver was reflected superiorly.  The vena cava was identified.  The main renal vein was identified.  Coming superior to the main renal vein, staying right on the vena cava, all small vessels were clipped and then divided.  Coming along the superior pole of the kidney, the tumor was dissected free from top of the kidney with clips and Bovie.  The harmonic scalpel was utilized superiorly and laterally.  Posterior attachments were divided between clips and once the whole adrenal was mobilized, the adrenal vein and one large adrenal artery were noted, doubly clipped, and divided.  Specimen was placed in a collection bag, removed intact.,Hemostasis was excellent.,The umbilical hernia had been completely taken down.  The edges were freshened up.  Vicryl #1 was utilized to close the incision and 2-0 Vicryl was used to close the fascia of the trocar.,Skin closed with clips.,He tolerated the procedure well.  All sponge and instrument counts were correct.  Estimated blood loss less than 100 mL.,The patient was awakened, extubated, and returned to recovery room in satisfactory condition.
Wound Debridement 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Wound debridement with removal of Surgisis xenograft and debridement of skin and subcutaneous tissue, secondary closure of wound, and VAC insertion.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES,1.  Open wound from right axilla to abdomen with a prosthetic vascular graft, possibly infected.,2.  Diabetes.,3.  Peripheral vascular disease.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES,1.  Open wound from right axilla to abdomen with a prosthetic vascular graft, possibly infected.,2.  Diabetes.,3.  Peripheral vascular disease.,OPERATIONS,1.  Wound debridement with removal of Surgisis xenograft and debridement of skin and subcutaneous tissue.,2.  Secondary closure of wound, complicated.,3.  VAC insertion.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:,  After obtaining an informed consent, the patient was brought to the operating room where a general anesthetic was given.  A time-out process was followed.  All the staples holding the xenograft were removed as well as all the dressings and the area was prepped with Betadine soap and then painted with Betadine solution and draped in usual fashion.,The xenograft was not adhered at all and was easily removed.  There was some, what appeared to be a seropurulent exudate at the bottom of the incision.  This was towards the abdominal end, under the xenograft.,The graft was fully exposed and it was pulsatile.  We then proceeded to use a pulse spray with bacitracin clindamycin solution to clean up the graft.  A few areas of necrotic skin and subcutaneous tissue were debrided.  Prior to this, samples were taken for aerobic and anaerobic cultures.,Normal saline 3000 cc was used for the irrigation and at the end of that the wound appeared much cleaner and we proceeded to insert the sponges to put a VAC system to it.  There was a separate incision, which was bridged __________ to the incision of the abdomen, which we also put a sponge in it after irrigating it and we put the VAC in the main wound and we created a bridge to the second and more minor wound.  Prior to that, I had inserted a number of Vesseloops through the edges of the skin and I proceeded to approximate those on top of the VAC sponge.  Multiple layers were applied to seal the system, which was suctioned and appeared to be working satisfactorily.,The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the ICU for recovery.