harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Nephrology Office Visit - 1 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Nephrology office visit for followup of microscopic hematuria.

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:  ,The patient is a 78-year-old woman here because of recently discovered microscopic hematuria.  History of present illness occurs in the setting of a recent check up, which demonstrated red cells and red cell casts on a routine evaluation.  The patient has no new joint pains; however, she does have a history of chronic degenerative joint disease.  She does not use nonsteroidal agents.  She has had no gross hematuria and she has had no hemoptysis.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , No chest pain or shortness of breath, no problem with revision.  The patient has had decreased hearing for many years.  She has no abdominal pain or nausea or vomiting.  She has no anemia.  She has noticed no swelling.  She has no history of seizures.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: , Significant for hypertension and hyperlipidemia.  There is no history of heart attack or stroke.  She has had bilateral simple mastectomies done 35 years ago.  She has also had one-third of her lung removed for carcinoma (probably an adeno CA related to a pneumonia.)  She also had hysterectomy in the past.,SOCIAL HISTORY: , She is a widow.  She does not smoke.,MEDICATIONS:,1.  Dyazide one a day.,2.  Pravachol 80 mg a day in the evening.,3.  Vitamin E once a day.,4.  One baby aspirin per day.,FAMILY HISTORY:,  Unremarkable.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,  She looks younger than her stated age of 78 years.  She was hard of hearing, but could read my lips.  Respirations were 16.  She was afebrile.  Pulse was about 90 and regular.  Her gait was normal.  Blood pressure is 140/70 in her left arm seated.  HEENT:  She had arcus cornealis.  The pupils were equal.  The sclerae were not icteric.  The conjunctivae were pink.  NECK:  The thyroid is not palpated.  No nodes were palpated in the neck.  CHEST:  Clear to auscultation.  She had no sacral edema.  CARDIAC:  Regular, but she was tachycardic at the rate of about 90.  She had no diastolic murmur.  ABDOMEN:  Soft, and nontender.  I did not palpate the liver.  EXTREMITIES:  She had no appreciable edema.  She had no digital clubbing.  She had no cyanosis.  She had changes of the degenerative joint disease in her fingers.  She had good pedal pulses.  She had no twitching or myoclonic jerks.,LABORATORY DATA: , The urine, I saw 1-2 red cells per high power fields.  She had no protein.  She did have many squamous cells.  The patient has creatinine of 1 mg percent and no proteinuria.  It seems unlikely that she has glomerular disease; however, we cannot explain the red cells in the urine.,PLAN: , To obtain a routine sonogram.  I would also repeat a routine urinalysis to check for blood again.  I have ordered a C3 and C4 and if the repeat urine shows red cells, I will recommend a cystoscopy with a retrograde pyelogram.
Nephrology Consultation - 4 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 The patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute on chronic renal insufficiency.

HISTORY: , The patient is a 61-year-old male patient.  I was asked to evaluate this patient because of the elevated blood urea and creatinine.  The patient has ascites, pleural effusion, hematuria, history of coronary artery disease, pulmonary nodules, history of congestive heart failure status post AICD.  The patient has a history of exposure to asbestos in the past, history of diabetes mellitus of 15 years duration, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease.  The patient came in with a history of abdominal distention of about one to two months with bruises on the right flank about two days status post fall.  The patient has been having increasing distention of the abdomen and frequent nosebleeds.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,  As above.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: , The patient had a pacemaker placed.,ALLERGIES: , NKDA.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , Showed no history of fever, no chills, no weight loss.  No history of sore throat.  No history of any ascites.  No history of nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.  No black stools.  No history of any rash.  No back pain.  No leg pain.  No neuropsychiatric problems.,FAMILY HISTORY: , History of hypertension, diabetes present.,SOCIAL HISTORY:,  He is a nonsmoker, nonalcoholic, and not a drug user.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION,VITAL SIGNS:  Blood pressure is 124/66, heart rate around 68 per minute, and temperature 96.4.,HEENT:  The patient is atraumatic and normocephalic.  Pupils are equal and reactive to light.  Extraocular muscles are intact.,NECK:  Supple.  No JVD and no thyromegaly.,HEART:  S1 and S2 heard.  No murmurs or extra sounds.,ABDOMEN:  Distention of the abdomen present.,EXTREMITIES:  No pedal edema.,LABORATORY: , His lab investigation showed WBC of 6.2, H&H is 11 and 34.  PT, PTT, and INR is normal.  Urinalysis showed 2+ protein and 3+ blood, and 5 to 10 rbc's.  Potassium is 5.3, BUN of 39, and creatinine of 1.9.  Liver function test, ALT was 12, AST 15, albumin 3, TSH of 4.8, and T3 of 1.33.,IMPRESSION AND PLAN:  ,The patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute on chronic renal insufficiency, rule out hepatorenal insufficiency could be secondary to congestive heart failure, cardiac cirrhosis, rule out possibility of ascites secondary to mesothelioma because the patient has got history of exposure to asbestos and has got pulmonary nodule, rule out diabetic nephropathy could be secondary to hypertensive nephrosclerosis.  The patient has hematuria could be secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy, rule out malignancy.  We will do urine for cytology.  We will do a renal ultrasound, and 24-hour urine collection for protein/creatinine, creatinine clearance, immunofixation, serum electrophoresis, serum uric acid, serum iron, TIBC, and serum ferritin levels.  We will send a PSA level and if needed may be a urology consult.
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Insertion 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 A 14-year-old young lady is in the renal failure and in need of dialysis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Renal failure.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Renal failure.,OPERATION PERFORMED: , Insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheter.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,INDICATIONS:  ,This 14-year-old young lady is in the renal failure and in need of dialysis.  She had had a previous PD catheter placed, but it became infected and had to be removed.  She, therefore, comes back to the operating room for a new PD catheter.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE:  ,After the induction of general anesthetic, the abdomen was prepped and draped in the usual manner.  A small transverse right upper quadrant incision was made and carried down through the skin and subcutaneous tissue with sharp dissection.  The fascia was divided and the posterior fascia and peritoneum were identified.  A hole was made in the posterior fascia through the peritoneum and into the peritoneal cavity.  The omentum came up through the hole and so therefore the omentum was actually brought up and a small portion of it removed, which could easily be brought up through the incision.  A PD catheter was then placed into the pelvis over a guidewire.  At this point, the peritoneum and posterior fascia was closed around the catheter.  The anterior fascia was then closed over the top of the cuff leaving the cuff buried in the fascia.  The second incision was then made lateral and the catheter brought out through a second incision and the subcutaneous cuff then positioned at that site.  The catheter was then connected and two runs of a 150 mL of fluid were made with a good inflow and a good clear return.  The skin was closed with 5-0 subcuticular Monocryl.  Sterile dressings were applied and the young lady awakened and taken to the recovery room in satisfactory condition.
Psychosocial Eval - Donor - 1 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Psychosocial donor evaluation.  Following questions are mostly involved in a psychosocial donor evaluation.

PSYCHOSOCIAL DONOR EVALUATION,Following questions are mostly involved in a psychosocial donor evaluation:,A.  DECISION TO DONATE,What is your understanding of the recipient's illness and why a transplant is needed?,When and how did the subject of donation arise?,What was the recipient's reaction to your offer?,What are your family's feelings about your being a donor?,How did you arrive at the decision to be a donor?,How would your family and friends react if you decided not to be a donor?,How would you feel if you cannot be the donor for any reason?,What is your relationship to the recipient?,How will your relationship with the recipient change if you donate your kidney?,Will your being a donor affect any other relationships in your life?,B. TRANSPLANT ISSUES,Do you have an understanding of the process of transplant?,Do you understand the risk of rejection of your kidney by the recipient at some point after transplant?,Have you thought about how you might feel if the kidney/liver is rejected?,Do you have any doubts or concerns about donating?,Do you understand that there will be pain and soreness after the transplant?,What are your expectations about your recuperation?,Do you need to speak further to any of the transplant team members?,C.  MEDICAL HISTORY,What previous illnesses or surgeries have you had? ,Are you currently on any medications?,Have you ever spoken with a counselor, a therapist or a psychiatrist?,Do you smoke?,In a typical week, how many drinks do you consume?  What drink do you prefer?,What kinds of recreational drugs have you tried?  Have you used any recently?,D. FAMILY AND SUPPORT SYSTEM,With whom do you live?  ,If you are in a relationship:,- length of the relationship:  ,- name of spouse/partner:  ,- age and health of spouse/partner:  ,- children:  ,E. POST-SURGICAL PLANS,With whom will you stay after discharge?  ,What is your current occupation:  ,Do you have the support of your employer?
Nephrology Consultation - 3 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Patient with end-stage renal disease secondary to hypertension, a reasonable candidate for a kidney transplantation.

PAST MEDICAL/SURGICAL HISTORY: , Briefly, his past medical history is significant for hypertension of more than 5 years, asthma, and he has been on Advair and albuterol.  He was diagnosed with renal disease in 02/2008 and has since been on hemodialysis since 02/2008.  His past surgical history is only significant for left AV fistula on the wrist done in 04/2008.  He still has urine output.  He has no history of blood transfusion.,PERSONAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY: , He is a nonsmoker.  He denies any alcohol.  No illicit drugs.  He used to work as the custodian at the nursing home, but now on disability since 03/2008.  He is married with 2 sons, ages 5 and 17 years old.,FAMILY HISTORY:,  No similar illness in the family, except for hypertension in his one sister and his mom, who died at 61 years old of congestive heart failure.  His father is 67 years old, currently alive with asthma.  He also has one sister who has hypertension.  The rest of the 6 siblings are alive and well.,ALLERGIES: , No known drug allergies.,MEDICATIONS: , Singulair 10 mg once daily, Cardizem 365 mg once daily, Coreg 25 mg once daily, hydralazine 100 mg three times a day, Lanoxin 0.125 mg once daily, Crestor 10 mg once daily, lisinopril 10 mg once daily, Phoslo 3 tablets with meals, and Advair 250 mg inhaler b.i.d.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , Significant only for asthma.  No history of chest pain normal MI.  He has hypertension.  He occasionally will develop colds especially with weather changes.  GI:  Negative.  GU:  Still making urine about 1-3 times per day.  Musculoskeletal:  Negative.  Skin:  He complains of dry skin.  Neurologic:  Negative.  Psychiatry:  Negative.  Endocrine:  Negative.  Hematology:  Negative.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , A pleasant 41-year-old African-American male who stands 5 feet 6 inches and weighs about 193 pounds.  HEENT:  Anicteric sclera, pink conjunctiva, no cervical lymphadenopathy.  Chest:  Equal chest expansion.  Clear breath sounds.  Heart:  Distinct heart sounds, regular rhythm with no murmur.  Abdomen:  Soft, nontender, flabby, no organomegaly.  Extremities:  Poor peripheral pulses.  No cyanosis and no edema.,ASSESSMENT AND PLAN:,  This is a 49-year old African-American male who was diagnosed with end-stage renal disease secondary to hypertension.  He is on hemodialysis since 02/2008.  Overall, I think that he is a reasonable candidate for a kidney transplantation and should undergo a complete pretransplant workup with pulmonary clearance because of his chronic asthma.  Other than that, I think that he is a reasonable candidate for transplant.,I would like to thank you for allowing me to participate in the care of your patient.  Please feel free to contact me if there are any questions regarding his case.
Nephrology Office Visit - 2 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Nephrology office visit for followup of CKD.

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:,  This is a 79-year-old white male who presents for a nephrology followup for his chronic kidney disease secondary to nephrosclerosis and nonfunctioning right kidney.  His most recent BUN and creatinine on 04/04/06 are 40/2.0, which is stable.  He denies any chest pain or tightness in his chest.  He denies any shortness of breath, nausea, or vomiting.  He denies any change to his appetite.  He denies any fevers, chills, dysuria, or hematuria.  He does report his blood pressure being checked at the senior center and reporting that it is improved.  The patient has stage III chronic kidney disease. ,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,
Nephrectomy - Transplant 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Transplant nephrectomy after rejection of renal transplant

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Rejection of renal transplant.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Rejection of renal transplant.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , Transplant nephrectomy.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient has had rapid deterioration of her kidney function since her transplant at ABCD one year ago.  The patient was recently thought to have obstruction to the transplant and a stent was placed in to the transplant percutaneously, but the ureter was wide open and there was no evidence of obstruction.  Because the kidney was felt to be irretrievably lost and immunosuppression had been withdrawn, it was elected to go ahead and remove the kidney and hopes that her fever and toxic course could be arrested.,With the patient in the supine position, the previously placed nephrostomy tube was removed.  The patient then after adequate prepping and draping, and placing of a small roll under the right hip, underwent an incision in the direction of the transplant incision down through and through all muscle layers and into the preperitoneal space.  The kidney was encountered and kidney was dissected free of its attachments through the retroperitoneal space.  During the course of dissection, the iliac artery and vein were identified as was the native ureter and the patient's ilioinguinal nerve; all these were preserved.  The individual vessels in the kidney were identified, ligated, and incised, and the kidney was removed.  The ureter was encountered during the course of resection, but was not ligated.  The patient's retroperitoneal space was irrigated with antibiotic solution and #19 Blake drain was placed into the retroperitoneal space, and the patient returned to the recovery room in good condition.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:  900 mL.
Nephrolithiasis - Progress Note 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Septic from nephrolithiasis - Nephrolithiasis status post lithotripsy and stent placed in the left ureter, urinary incontinence, recent sepsis.

SUBJECTIVE:,  The patient returns today for a followup.  She was recently in the hospital and was found to be septic from nephrolithiasis.  This was all treated.  She did require a stent in the left ureter.  Dr. XYZ took care of this.  She had a stone, which was treated with lithotripsy.  She is now back here for followup.  I had written out all of her medications with their dose and schedule on a progress sheet.  I had given her instructions regarding follow up here and follow with Dr. F.  Unfortunately, that piece of paper was lost.  Somehow between the hospital and home she lost it and has not been able to find it.  She has no followup appointment with Dr. F.  The day after she was dismissed, her nephew called me stating that the prescriptions were lost, instructions were lost, etc.  Later she apparently found the prescriptions and they were filled.  She tells me she is taking the antibiotic, which I believe was Levaquin and she has one more to take.  She had no clue as to seeing Dr. XYZ again.  She says she is still not feeling very well and feels somewhat sick like.  She has no clue as to still having a ureteral stent.  I explained this to she and her husband again today.,ALLERGIES: , Sulfa.,CURRENT MEDICATIONS:,  As I have given are Levaquin, Prinivil 20 mg a day, Bumex 0.5 mg a day, Levsinex 0.375 mg a day, cimetidine 400 mg a day, potassium chloride 8 mEq a day, and atenolol 25 mg a day.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,  She says she is voiding okay.  She denies fever, chills, or sweats.,OBJECTIVE:,General:  She was able to get up on the table by herself although she is quite unstable.,Vital Signs:  Blood pressure was okay at about 120/70 by me.,Neck:  Supple.,Lungs:  Clear.,Heart:  Regular rate and rhythm.,Abdomen:  Soft.,Extremities:  There is no edema.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Hypertension controlled.,2.  Nephrolithiasis status post lithotripsy and stent placed in the left ureter by Dr. F.,3.  Urinary incontinence.,4.  Recent sepsis.,PLAN:,1.  I discussed at length with she and her husband again the need to get into at least an assisted living apartment.,2.  I gave her instructions, in writing, to stop by Dr. F’s office on the way out today to get an appointment for followup regarding her stent.,3.  See me back here in two months.,4.  I made no changes in her medications.
Nephrectomy - Radical 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Right radical nephrectomy and assisted laparoscopic approach.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right renal mass.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right renal mass.,PROCEDURE: , Right radical nephrectomy and assisted laparoscopic approach.,ANESTHESIA:  ,General.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:  ,The patient underwent general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.  An orogastric was placed and a Foley catheter placed.  He was placed in a modified flank position with the hips rotated to 45 degrees.  Pillow was used to prevent any pressure points.  He was widely shaved, prepped, and draped.  A marking pen was used to delineate a site for the Pneumo sleeve in the right lower quadrant and for the trocar sites in the midline just above the umbilicus and halfway between the xiphoid and the umbilicus.  The incision was made through the premarked site through the skin and subcutaneous tissue.  The aponeurosis of the external oblique was incised in the direction of its fibers.  Muscle-splitting incision was made in the internal oblique and transversus abdominis.  The peritoneum was opened and the Pneumo sleeve was placed in the usual fashion being sure that no bowel was trapped inside the ring.  Then, abdominal insufflation was carried out through the Pneumo sleeve and the scope was passed through the Pneumo sleeve to visualize placement of the trocars in the other two positions.  Once this had been completed, the scope was placed in the usual port and dissection begun by taking down the white line of Toldt, so that the colon could be retracted medially.  This exposed the duodenum, which was gently swept off the inferior vena cava and dissection easily disclosed the takeoff of the right renal vein off the cava.  Next, attention was directed inferiorly and the ureter was divided between clips and the inferior tongue of Gerota fascia was taken down, so that the psoas muscle was exposed.  The attachments lateral to the kidney was taken down, so that the kidney could be flipped anteriorly and medially, and this helped in exposing the renal artery.  The renal artery had been previously noticed on the CT scan to branch early and so each branch was separately ligated and divided using the stapler device.  After the arteries had been divided, the renal vein was divided again using a stapling device.  The remaining attachments superior to the kidney were divided with the Harmonic scalpel and also utilized the stapler, and the specimen was removed.  Reexamination of the renal fossa at low pressures showed a minimal degree of oozing from the adrenal gland, which was controlled with Surgicel.  Next, the port sites were closed with 0 Vicryl utilizing the passer and doing it over the hand to prevent injury to the bowel and the right lower quadrant incision for the hand port was closed in the usual fashion.  The estimated blood loss was negligible.  There were no complications.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and left the operating room in satisfactory condition.
Kidney Transplant - Followup 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Status post cadaveric kidney transplant with stable function.

REASON FOR VISIT:,  Kidney transplant.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a 52-year-old gentleman with ESRD secondary to hypertension, status post kidney transplant in February 2006.  He had to back down on his WelChol because of increased backache.  He actually increased his Pravachol and is tolerating this with minimal problems.  He comes in for followup.,ALLERGIES: , Aspirin and Altace caused cough, Lipitor and Pravachol at higher doses caused myalgias, Zetia caused myalgias.,MEDICATIONS:,  Gengraf 125/50 mg daily, CellCept 500 mg q.i.d., acyclovir 800 mg q.i.d., DexFol daily, ferrous sulfate Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, metoprolol 50 mg b.i.d., vitamin C daily, baby aspirin 81 mg daily, Bactrim Single Strength daily, Cozaar 50 mg daily, WelChol 625 mg daily, and Pravachol 10 mg daily.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,1.  ESRD secondary to hypertension.,2.  Cadaveric kidney in February 2006.,3.  Gunshot wound in Southeast Asia.,4.  Hyperlipidemia.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , Cardiovascular:  No chest pain, dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, PND or edema.  GU:  No hematuria, foamy urine, pyuria, frequency or dysuria.  He has occasional tingling over his graft, but this is not bothering him today.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,  VITAL SIGNS:  Pulse 82.  Blood pressure is 108/64.  Weight is 64.5 kg.  GENERAL:  He is in no apparent distress.  HEART:  Regular rate and rhythm.  No murmurs, rubs or gallops.  LUNGS:  Clear bilaterally.  ABDOMEN:  Soft, nontender, and nondistended.  Multiple scars.  Right lower quadrant graft is unremarkable.  EXTREMITIES:  No edema.,LABORATORY DATA:,  Labs dated 07-11-06, hematocrit 34.8, sodium 137, magnesium 1.9, potassium 4.9, chloride 102, CO2 25, BUN is 37, creatinine is 1.3, calcium 10.1, phosphorus 3.7, and albumin 4.4.  LFTs unremarkable.  Cholesterol 221, triglycerides 104, HDL 42, LDL 158, and cyclosporine 163.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Status post cadaveric kidney transplant with stable function.,2.  Hypertension under excellent control.,3.  Hyperlipidemia not at goal.  He simply is not tolerating higher doses of medications.,PLAN:,1.  We will add over-the-counter fish oil b.i.d.,2.  Continue all current medications.,3.  Recheck labs today including urinalysis.,4.  He will see transplant in two weeks and me in four weeks.  We will plan to send urine for decoy cells on his next visit.