harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Paraphimosis 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Reduction of paraphimosis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Phimosis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Phimosis.,PROCEDURE: , Reduction of paraphimosis.,ANESTHESIA:  ,General inhalation anesthetic with 0.25% Marcaine, penile block and ring block about 20 mL given.,FLUIDS RECEIVED: , 100 mL.,SPECIMENS:,  No tissues sent to pathology.,COUNTS: , Sponge and needle counts were not necessary.,TUBES/DRAINS: , No tubes or drains were used.,FINDINGS: , Paraphimosis with moderate swelling.,INDICATIONS FOR OPERATION: , The patient is a 15-year-old boy who had acute alcohol intoxication had his foreskin retracted with a Foley catheter placed at another institution.  When they removed the catheter they forgot to reduce the foreskin and he developed paraphimosis.  The plan is for reduction.,DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION: , The patient was taken to the operating room where surgical consent, operative site, and patient identification were verified.  Once he was anesthetized, with manual pressure and mobilization of the shaft skin we were able to reduce the paraphimosis.  Using Betadine and alcohol cleanse, we then did a dorsal penile block and a ring block by surgeon with 0.25% Marcaine, 20 mL were given.  He did quite well after the procedure and was transferred to the recovery room in stable condition.
Pacemaker Insertion 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Insertion of transvenous pacemaker for tachybrady syndrome

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Tachybrady syndrome.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Tachybrady syndrome.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE:, Insertion of transvenous pacemaker.,ANESTHESIA:, Local,PROCEDURE AND GROSS FINDINGS:, The patient's chest was prepped with Betadine solution and a small amount of Lidocaine infiltrated.  In the left subclavian region, a subclavian stick was performed without difficulty, and a wire was inserted. Fluoroscopy confirmed the presence of the wire in the superior vena cava.  An introducer was then placed over the wire.  The wire was removed and replace by a ventricular lead that was seated under Fluoroscopy. Following calibration, the lead was attached to a pacemaker generator that was inserted in a subcutaneous pocket in the left subclavian area.  ,The subcutaneous tissues were irrigated and closed with Interrupted 4-O Vicryl, and the skin was closed with staples.  Sterile dressings were placed, and the patient was returned to the ICU in good condition.
Pacemaker Interrogation 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Pacemaker ICD interrogation.  Severe nonischemic cardiomyopathy with prior ventricular tachycardia.

PROCEDURE NOTE: , Pacemaker ICD interrogation.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a 67-year-old gentleman who was admitted to the hospital.  He has had ICD pacemaker implantation.  This is a St. Jude Medical model current DRRS, 12345 pacemaker.,DIAGNOSIS: , Severe nonischemic cardiomyopathy with prior ventricular tachycardia.,FINDINGS: , The patient is a DDD mode base rate of 60, max tracking rate of 110 beats per minute, atrial lead is set at 2.5 volts with a pulse width of 0.5 msec, ventricular lead set at 2.5 volts with a pulse width of 0.5 msec.  Interrogation of the pacemaker shows that atrial capture is at 0.75 volts at 0.5 msec, ventricular capture 0.5 volts at 0.5 msec, sensing in the atrium is 5.34 to 5.8 millivolts, R sensing is 12-12.0 millivolts, atrial lead impendence 590 ohms, ventricular lead impendence 750 ohms.  The defibrillator portion is set at VT1 at 139 beats per minute with SVT discrimination on therapy is monitor only.  VT2 detection criteria is 169 beats per minute with SVT discrimination on therapy of ATP times 3 followed by 25 joules, followed by 36 joules, followed by 36 joules times 2.  VF detection criteria set at 187 beats per minute with therapy of 25 joules, followed by 36 joules times 5.  The patient is in normal sinus rhythm.,IMPRESSION:  ,Normally functioning pacemaker ICD post implant day number 1.
ORIF of Left Distal Radius 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Open reduction and internal fixation of left distal radius.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Left distal radius fracture, metaphyseal extraarticular.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Left distal radius fracture, metaphyseal extraarticular.,PROCEDURE: , Open reduction and internal fixation of left distal radius.,IMPLANTS:  ,Wright Medical Micronail size 2.,ANESTHESIA: , LMA.,TOURNIQUET TIME: , 49 minutes.,BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,PATHOLOGY: , None.,TIME OUT: , Time out was performed before the procedure started.,INDICATIONS:,  The patient was a 42-year-old female who fell and sustained a displaced left metaphyseal distal radius fracture indicated for osteosynthesis.  The patient was in early stage of gestation.  Benefits and risks including radiation exposure were discussed with the patient and consulted her primary care doctor.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , Supine position, LMA anesthesia, well-padded arm, tourniquet, Hibiclens, alcohol prep, and sterile drape.,Exsanguination achieved, tourniquet inflated to 250 mmHg.  First, under fluoroscopy the fracture was reduced.  A 0.045 K-wire was inserted from dorsal ulnar corner of the distal radius and crossing fracture line to maintain the reduction.  A 2-cm radial incision, superficial radial nerve was exposed and protected.  Dissecting between the first and second dorsal extensor retinaculum, the second dorsal extensor compartment was elevated off from the distal radius.  The guidewire was inserted under fluoroscopy.  A cannulated drill was used to drill antral hole.  Antral awl was inserted.  Then we reamed the canal to size 2.  Size 2 Micronail was inserted to the medullary canal.  Using distal locking guide, three locking screws were inserted distally.  The second dorsal incision was made.  The deep radial dorsal surface was exposed.  Using locking guide, two proximal shaft screws were inserted and locked the nail to the radius.  Fluoroscopic imaging was taken and showing restoration of the height, tilt, and inclination of the radius.  At this point, tourniquet was deflated, hemostasis achieved, wounds irrigated and closed in layers.  Sterile dressing applied.  The patient then was extubated and transferred to the recovery room under stable condition.,Postoperatively, the patient will see a therapist within five days.  We will immobilize wrist for two weeks and then starting flexion-extension and prosupination exercises.
OssaTron Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 OssaTron extracorporeal shockwave therapy to right lateral epicondyle.  Right lateral epicondylitis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Right lateral epicondylitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Right lateral epicondylitis.,OPERATION PERFORMED:,  OssaTron extracorporeal shockwave therapy to right lateral epicondyle.,ANESTHESIA:,  Bier block.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , With the patient under adequate Bier block anesthesia, the patient was positioned for extracorporeal shockwave therapy.  The OssaTron equipment was brought into the field and the nose piece for treatment was placed against the lateral epicondyle targeting the area previously determined with the patient's input of maximum pain.  Then using standard extracorporeal shockwave protocol, the OssaTron treatment was applied to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow.  After completion of the treatment, the tourniquet was deflated, and the patient was returned to the holding area in satisfactory condition having tolerated the procedure well.
Osteosynthesis 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Acetabular fracture on the left posterior column/transverse posterior wall variety with an accompanying displaced fracture of the intertrochanteric variety to the left hip.  Osteosynthesis of acetabular fracture on the left, complex variety and total hip replacement.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acetabular fracture on the left posterior column/transverse posterior wall variety with an accompanying displaced fracture of the intertrochanteric variety to the left hip.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acetabular fracture on the left posterior column/transverse posterior wall variety with an accompanying displaced fracture of the intertrochanteric variety to the left hip.,PROCEDURES:,1.  Osteosynthesis of acetabular fracture on the left, complex variety.,2.  Total hip replacement.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient in the left side up lateral position under adequate general endotracheal anesthesia, the patient's left lower extremity and buttock area were prepped with iodine and alcohol in the usual fashion, draped with sterile towels and drapes so as to create a sterile field.  Kocher Langenbeck variety incision was utilized and carried down through the fascia lata with the split fibers of the gluteus maximus in line.  The femoral insertion of gluteus maximus was tenotomized close to its femoral insertion.  The piriformis and obturator internus tendons and adjacent gemelli were tenotomized close to their femoral insertion, tagged, and retractor was placed in the lesser notch as well as a malleable retractor in the greater notch enabling the exposure of the posterior column.  The major transverse fracture was freed of infolded soft tissue, clotted blood, and lavaged copiously with sterile saline solution and then reduced anatomically with the aid of bone hook in the notch and provisionally stabilized utilizing a tenaculum clamp and definitively stabilized utilizing a 7-hole 3.5 mm reconstruction plate with the montage including two interfragmentary screws.  It should be mentioned that prior to reduction and stabilization of the acetabular fracture its femoral head component was removed from the joint enabling direct visualization of the articular surface.  Once a stable fixation of the reduced fracture of the acetabulum was accomplished, it should be mentioned that in the process of doing this, the posterior wall fragment was hinged on its soft tissue attachments and a capsulotomy was made in the capsule in line with the rent at the level of the posterior wall.  Once this was accomplished, the procedure was turned over to Dr. X and his team, who proceeded with placement of cup and femoral components as well and cup was preceded by placement of a trabecular metal tray for the cup with screw fixation of same.  This will be dictated in separate note.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.  The sciatic nerve was well protected and directly visualized to the level of the notch.
ORIF - Malleolus 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Open reduction and internal fixation of left lateral malleolus.  Left lateral malleolus fracture.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Left lateral malleolus fracture.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Left lateral malleolus fracture.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Open reduction and internal fixation of left lateral malleolus.,ANESTHESIA:  ,General.,TOURNIQUET TIME: , 59 minutes.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,BLOOD LOSS: , Negligible.,CLOSURE: , 2-0 Vicryl and staples.,INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY:,  This is a young gentleman with soccer injury to his left ankle and an x-ray showed displaced lateral malleolus fracture with widening of the mortise now for ORIF.  The risks and perceivable complications of the surgeries were discussed with the patient via a translator as well as nonsurgical treatment options and this was scheduled emergently.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operative room where general anesthesia was successfully introduced.  The right ankle was prepped and draped in standard fashion.  The tourniquet was applied about the right upper thigh.  An Esmarch tourniquet was used to exsanguinate the ankle.  The tourniquet was insufflated to a pressure 325 mm for approximately 59 minutes.  An approximately 6 inch longitudinal incision was made just over the lateral malleolus.  Care was taken to spare overlying nerves and vessels.  An elevator was used to expose the fracture.  The fracture was freed of old hematoma and reduced with a reducing clamp.  An interfragmentary cortical screw was placed of 28 mm with excellent purchase.  The intraoperative image showed excellent reduction.  A 5-hole semitubular plate was then contoured to the lateral malleolus and fixed with 3 cortical screws proximally and 2 cancellous screws distally.  Excellent stability of fracture was achieved.  Final fluoroscopy showed a reduction to be anatomic in 2 planes.  The wound was irrigated with copious amounts of normal saline.  Deep tissue was closed with 2-0 Vicryl.  The skin was approximated with 2-0 Vicryl and closed with staples.  Dry sterile dressing was applied.,The patient tolerated the procedure, was awakened and taken to the recovery room in stable condition.
Orchiopexy & Hernia Repair - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Right orchiopexy and right inguinal hernia repair.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right undescended testis (ectopic position).,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,  Right undescended testis (ectopic position), right inguinal hernia.,PROCEDURES: , Right orchiopexy and right inguinal hernia repair.,ANESTHESIA:,  General inhalational anesthetic with caudal block.,FLUIDS RECEIVED:  ,100 mL of crystalloids.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Less than 5 mL.,SPECIMENS:,  No tissues sent to pathology.,TUBES AND DRAINS: , No tubes or drains were used.,INDICATIONS FOR OPERATION:  ,The patient is an almost 4-year-old boy with an undescended testis on the right; plan is for repair.,DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION:  ,The patient was taken to the operating room; surgical consent, operative site, and patient identification were verified.  Once he was anesthetized, a caudal block was placed.  He was then placed in the supine position and sterilely prepped and draped.  Since the testis was in the ectopic position, we did an upper curvilinear scrotal incision with a 15-blade knife and further extended it with electrocautery.  Electrocautery was also used for hemostasis.  A subdartos pouch was then created with a curved tenotomy scissors.  The tunica vaginalis was grasped with a curved mosquito clamp and then dissected from its gubernacular attachments.  As we were dissecting it, we then found the testis itself into the sac, and we opened the sac, and it was found to be slightly atrophic about 12 mm in length and had a type III epididymal attachment, not being attached to the top.  We then dissected the hernia sac off of the testis __________ some traction using the straight Joseph scissors and straight and curved mosquito clamps.  Once this was dissected off, we then twisted it upon itself, and then dissected it down towards the external ring, but on traction.  We then twisted it upon itself, suture ligated it with 3-0 Vicryl and released it, allowing it to spring back into the canal.  Once this was done, we then had adequate length of the testis into the scrotal sac.  Using a curved mosquito clamp, we grasped the base of the scrotum internally, and using the subcutaneous tissue, we tacked it to the base of the testis using a 4-0 chromic suture.  The testis was then placed into the scrotum in the proper orientation.  The upper aspect of the pouch was closed with a pursestring suture of 4-0 chromic.  The scrotal skin and dartos were then closed with subcutaneous closure of 4-0 chromic, and Dermabond tissue adhesive was used on the incision.  IV Toradol was given.  Both testes were well descended in the scrotum at the end of the procedure.
Odontogenic Abscess I&D 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Left facial cellulitis and possible odontogenic abscess.  Attempted incision and drainage (I&D) of odontogenic abscess.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Left facial cellulitis.,2.  Possible odontogenic abscess of the #18, #19, and #20.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Left facial cellulitis.,2.  Possible odontogenic abscess of the #18, #19, and #20.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Attempted incision and drainage (I&D) of odontogenic abscess.,ANESTHESIA:  ,1% lidocaine plain approximately 5 cc total.,COMPLICATIONS: , The patient is very noncompliant with attempted procedure refusing further exam and treatment after localization and attempted FNA.  The attempted FNA was without any purulent aspirate although limited in the area of attempted examination.,INDICATIONS FOR THE PROCEDURE: , The patient is a 39-year-old Caucasian female who was admitted to ABCD General Hospital on 08/21/03 secondary to acute left facial cellulitis suspected to be secondary to odontogenic etiology.  The patient states that this was started approximately 24 hours ago.  The patient subsequently presented to ABCD General Hospital Emergency Room secondary to worsening of left face swelling and increasing in pain.  The patient admits to poor dental hygiene.  Denies any recent or dental abscesses in the past.  The patient is a substance abuser, does admit to smoking cocaine approximately three days ago.  The patient did have a CT scan of the face obtained with contrast demonstrated no signs of any acute abscess although a profuse amount of cellulitis was noted.  After risks, complications, consequences, and questions were discussed with the patient, a written consent was obtained for an I&D of a possible odontogenic abscess ________ on the CT scan.,PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was brought in upright and supine position.  Approximately 5 cc of 1% lidocaine without epinephrine was injected in the localized area along the buccogingival sulcus of the left side.  This was done at the base of #18, #19, and #20 teeth.  After this, the patient did have approximately 2 more mg of morphine given through the IV for pain control.  After this, the #18 gauge needle on a ________ syringe was then utilized to attempt a FNA at the base of #18 tooth and #19 with one stick placed.  There were no signs of any purulent drainage, although at this time the patient became very irate and noncompliant and refusing further examination.  The patient understood consequences of her actions.  Does state that she does not care at this time and just wants to be left alone.  At this time, the bed was actually placed back in its normal position and the patient will be continued on clindamycin 900 mg IV q.6h. along with pain control utilizing Toradol, morphine, and Vicodin.  The patient will also be started on Peridex oral rinse of 10 cc p.o. swish and spit t.i.d. and a K-pad to the left face.
Ommaya reservoir 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Leukemic meningitis.   Right frontal side-inlet Ommaya reservoir.  The patient is a 49-year-old gentleman with leukemia and meningeal involvement, who was undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy. 

TITLE OF OPERATION: , Right frontal side-inlet Ommaya reservoir.,INDICATION FOR SURGERY: , The patient is a 49-year-old gentleman with leukemia and meningeal involvement, who was undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy.  Recommendation was for an Ommaya reservoir.  Risks and benefits have been explained.  They agreed to proceed.,PREOP DIAGNOSIS: , Leukemic meningitis.,POSTOP DIAGNOSIS:  ,Leukemic meningitis.,PROCEDURE DETAIL: , The patient was brought to the operating room, underwent induction of laryngeal mask airway, positioned supine on a horseshoe headrest.  The right frontal region was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  Next, a curvilinear incision was made just anterior to the coronal suture 7 cm from the middle pupillary line.  Once this was completed, a burr hole was then created with a high-speed burr.  The dura was then coagulated and opened.  The Ommaya reservoir catheter was inserted up to 6.5 cm.  There was good flow.  This was connected to the side inlet, flat-bottom Ommaya and this was then placed in a subcutaneous pocket posterior to the incision.  This was then cut and __________.  It was then tapped percutaneously with 4 cubic centimeters and sent for routine studies.  Wound was then irrigated copiously with __________ irrigation, closed using 3-0 Vicryl for the deep layers and 4-0 Caprosyn for the skin.  The connection was made with a 3-0 silk suture and was a right-angle intermediate to hold the catheter in place.
Orchiectomy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Bilateral scrotal orchiectomy

BILATERAL SCROTAL ORCHECTOMY,PROCEDURE:,:  The patient is placed in the supine position, prepped and draped in the usual manner.  Under satisfactory general anesthesia, the scrotum was approached and through a transverse mid scrotal incision, the right testicle was delivered through the incision.  Hemostasis was obtained with the Bovie and the spermatic cord was identified.  It was clamped, suture ligated with 0 chromic catgut and the cord above was infiltrated with 0.25% Marcaine for postoperative pain relief.  The left testicle was delivered through the same incision.  The spermatic cord was identified, clamped, suture ligated and that cord was also injected with 0.25% percent Marcaine.  The incision was injected with the same material and then closed in two layers using 4-0 chromic catgut continuous for the dartos and interrupted for the skin.  A dry sterile dressing fluff and scrotal support applied over that.  The patient was sent to the Recovery Room in stable condition.
Olecranon Bursa - Excision 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Incision and drainage and excision of the olecranon bursa, left elbow.  Acute infected olecranon bursitis, left elbow.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute infected olecranon bursitis, left elbow.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Infection, left olecranon bursitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,1.  Incision and drainage, left elbow.,2.  Excision of the olecranon bursa, left elbow.,ANESTHESIA: , Local with sedation.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,NEEDLE AND SPONGE COUNT: , Correct.,SPECIMENS: , Excised bursa and culture specimens sent to the microbiology.,INDICATION:  ,The patient is a 77-year-old male who presented with 10-day history of pain on the left elbow with an open wound and drainage purulent pus followed by serous drainage.  He was then scheduled for I&D and excision of the bursa.  Risks and benefits were discussed.  No guarantees were made or implied.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was brought to the operating room and once an adequate sedation was achieved, the left elbow was injected with 0.25% plain Marcaine.  The left upper extremity was prepped and draped in standard sterile fashion.  On examination of the left elbow, there was presence of thickening of the bursal sac.  There was a couple of millimeter opening of skin breakdown from where the serous drainage was noted.  An incision was made midline of the olecranon bursa with an elliptical incision around the open wound, which was excised with skin.  The incision was carried proximally and distally.  The olecranon bursa was significantly thickened and scarred.  Excision of the olecranon bursa was performed.  There was significant evidence of thickening of the bursa with some evidence of adhesions.  Satisfactory olecranon bursectomy was performed.  The wound margins were debrided.  The wound was thoroughly irrigated with Pulsavac irrigation lavage system mixed with antibiotic solution.  There was no evidence of a loose body.  There was no bleeding or drainage.  After completion of the bursectomy and I&D, the skin margins, which were excised were approximated with 2-0 nylon in horizontal mattress fashion.  The open area of the skin, which was excised was left _________ and was dressed with 0.25-inch iodoform packing.  Sterile dressings were placed including Xeroform, 4x4, ABD, and Bias.  The patient tolerated the procedure very well.  He was then extubated and transferred to the recovery room in a stable condition.  There were no intraoperative complications noticed.