harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Gastroscopy - 1 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Dysphagia, possible stricture.  Retained gastric contents forming a partial bezoar, suggestive of gastroparesis.

PROCEDURE: , Gastroscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Dysphagia, possible stricture.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Gastroparesis.,MEDICATION: , MAC.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced into the hypopharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.  The hypopharynx was normal.  The esophagus had a normal upper esophageal sphincter, normal contour throughout, and a normal gastroesophageal junction viewed at 39 cm from the incisors.  There was no evidence of stricturing or extrinsic narrowing from her previous hiatal hernia repair.  There was no sign of reflux esophagitis.  On entering the gastric lumen, a large bezoar of undigested food was seen occupying much of the gastric fundus and body.  It had 2 to 3 mm diameter.  This was broken up using a scope into smaller pieces.  There was no retained gastric liquid.  The antrum appeared normal and the pylorus was patent.  The scope passed easily into the duodenum, which was normal through the second portion.  On withdrawal of the scope, additional views of the cardia were obtained, and there was no evidence of any tumor or narrowing.  The scope was withdrawn.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1.  Normal postoperative hernia repair.,2.  Retained gastric contents forming a partial bezoar, suggestive of gastroparesis.,3.  Otherwise normal upper endoscopy to the descending duodenum.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1.  Continue proton pump inhibitors.,2.  Use Reglan 10 mg three to four times a day.
Gastroscopy - 3 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Gastroscopy.  A short-segment Barrett esophagus, hiatal hernia, and incidental fundic gland polyps in the gastric body; otherwise, normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum.

PROCEDURE: , Gastroscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Gastroesophageal reflux disease.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Barrett esophagus.,MEDICATIONS: , MAC.,PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced into the oropharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum to the transverse duodenum.  The preparation was excellent and all surfaces were well seen.  The hypopharynx appeared normal.  The esophagus had a normal contour and normal mucosa throughout its distance, but at the distal end, there was a moderate-sized hiatal hernia noted.  The GE junction was seen at 40 cm and the hiatus was noted at 44 cm from the incisors.  Above the GE junction, there were three fingers of columnar epithelium extending cephalad, to a distance of about 2 cm.  This appears to be consistent with Barrett esophagus.  Multiple biopsies were taken from numerous areas in this region.  There was no active ulceration or inflammation and no stricture.  The hiatal hernia sac had normal mucosa except for one small erosion at the hiatus.  The gastric body had normal mucosa throughout.  Numerous small fundic gland polyps were noted, measuring 3 to 5 mm in size with an entirely benign appearance.  Biopsies were taken from the antrum to rule out Helicobacter pylori.  A retroflex view of the cardia and fundus confirmed the small hiatal hernia and demonstrated no additional lesions.  The scope was passed through the pylorus, which was patent and normal.  The mucosa throughout the duodenum in the first, second, and third portions was entirely normal.  The scope was withdrawn and the patient was sent to the recovery room.  He tolerated the procedure well.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1.  A short-segment Barrett esophagus.,2.  Hiatal hernia.,3.  Incidental fundic gland polyps in the gastric body.,4.  Otherwise, normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1.  Follow up biopsy report.,2.  Continue PPI therapy.,3.  Follow up with Dr. X as needed.,4.  Surveillance endoscopy for Barrett in 3 years (if pathology confirms this diagnosis).
Fundoplication & Gastrostomy Followup 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Followup of laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy.  Laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy was done because of the need for enteral feeding access.

REASON FOR VISIT: , Followup of laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a delightful baby girl, who is now nearly 8 months of age and had a tracheostomy for subglottic stenosis.  Laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy was done because of the need for enteral feeding access and to protect her airway at a time when it is either going to heal enough to improve and allow decannulation or eventually prove that she will need laryngotracheoplasty.  Dr. X is following The patient for this and currently plans are to perform a repeat endoscopic exam every couple of months to assist the status of her airway caliber.,The patient had a laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy on 10/05/2007.  She has done well since that time.  She has had some episodes of retching intermittently and these seemed to be unpredictable.  She also had some diarrhea and poor feeding tolerance about a week ago but that has also resolved.  The patient currently takes about 1 ounce to 1.5 ounce of her feedings by mouth and the rest is given by G-tube.  She seems otherwise happy and is not having an excessive amount of stools.  Her parents have not noted any significant problems with the gastrostomy site.,The patient's exam today is excellent.  Her belly is soft and nontender.  All of her laparoscopic trocar sites are healing with a normal amount of induration, but there is no evidence of hernia or infection.  We removed The patient's gastrostomy button today and showed her parents how to reinsert one without difficulty.  The site of the gastrostomy is excellent.  There is not even a hint of granulation tissue or erythema, and I am very happy with the overall appearance.,IMPRESSION: , The patient is doing exceptionally well status post laparoscope fundoplication and gastrostomy.  Hopefully, the exquisite control of acid reflux by fundoplication will help her airway heal, and if she does well, allow decannulation in the future.  If she does require laryngotracheoplasty, the protection from acid reflux will be important to healing of that procedure as well.,PLAN:  ,The patient will follow up as needed for problems related to gastrostomy.  We will see her when she comes in the hospital for endoscopic exams and possibly laryngotracheoplasty in the future.
Gastroenteritis - Discharge Summary 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Acute gastroenteritis, resolved.  Gastrointestinal bleed and chronic inflammation of the mesentery of unknown etiology.

ADMITTING DIAGNOSES,1.  Acute gastroenteritis.,2.  Nausea.,3.  Vomiting.,4.  Diarrhea.,5.  Gastrointestinal bleed.,6.  Dehydration.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES,1.  Acute gastroenteritis, resolved.,2.  Gastrointestinal bleed and chronic inflammation of the mesentery of unknown etiology.,BRIEF H&P AND HOSPITAL COURSE: , This patient is a 56-year-old male, a patient of Dr. X with 25-pack-year history, also a history of diabetes type 2, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hemorrhoids, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and a left lower lobe calcified granuloma that apparently is stable at this time.  This patient presented with periumbilical abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the past 3 days and four to five watery bowel movements a day with symptoms progressively getting worse.  The patient was admitted into the ER and had trop x1 done, which was negative and ECG showed to be of normal sinus rhythm.,Lab findings initially presented with a hemoglobin of 13.1, hematocrit of 38.6 with no elevation of white count.  Upon discharge, his hemoglobin and hematocrit stayed at 10.9 and 31.3 and he was still having stool guaiac positive blood, and a stool study was done which showed few white blood cells, negative for Clostridium difficile and moderate amount of occult blood and moderate amount of RBCs.  The patient's nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea did resolve during his hospital course.  Was placed on IV fluids initially and on hospital day #2 fluids were discontinued and was started on clear liquid diet and diet was advanced slowly, and the patient was able to tolerate p.o. well.  The patient also denied any abdominal pain upon day of discharge.  The patient was also started on prednisone as per GI recommendations.  He was started on 60 mg p.o.  Amylase and lipase were also done which were normal and LDH and CRP was also done which are also normal and LFTs were done which were also normal as well.,PLAN: , The plan is to discharge the patient home.  He can resume his home medications of Prandin, Actos, Lipitor, Glucophage, Benicar, and Advair.  We will also start him on a tapered dose of prednisone for 4 weeks.  We will start him on 15 mg p.o. for seven days.  Then, week #2, we will start him on 40 mg for 1 week.  Then, week #3, we will start him on 30 mg for 1 week, and then, 20 mg for 1 week, and then finally we will stop.  He was instructed to take tapered dose of prednisone for 4 weeks as per the GI recommendations.
Gagging - 3-year-old 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Pediatric Gastroenterology - History of gagging.

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , This is a 3-year-old female patient, who was admitted today with a history of gagging.  She was doing well until about 2 days ago, when she developed gagging.  No vomiting.  No fever.  She has history of constipation.  She normally passes stool every two days after giving an enema.  No rectal bleeding.  She was brought to the Hospital with some loose stool.  She was found to be dehydrated.  She was given IV fluid bolus, but then she started bleeding from G-tube site.  There was some fresh blood coming out of the G-tube site.  She was transferred to PICU.  She is hypertensive.  Intensivist Dr. X requested me to come and look at her, and do upper endoscopy to find the site of bleeding.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: , PEHO syndrome, infantile spasm, right above knee amputation, developmental delay, G-tube fundoplication.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: , G-tube fundoplication on 05/25/2007.  Right above knee amputation.,ALLERGIES:,  None.,DIET: , She is NPO now, but at home she is on PediaSure 4 ounces 3 times a day through G-tube, 12 ounces of water per day.,MEDICATIONS: , Albuterol, Pulmicort, MiraLax 17 g once a week, carnitine, phenobarbital, Depakene and Reglan.,FAMILY HISTORY:,  Positive for cancer.,PAST LABORATORY EVALUATION: , On 12/27/2007; WBC 9.3, hemoglobin 7.6, hematocrit 22.1, platelet 132,000.  KUB showed large stool with dilated small and large bowel loops.  Sodium 140, potassium 4.4, chloride 89, CO2 21, BUN 61, creatinine 2, AST 92 increased, ALT 62 increased, albumin 5.3, total bilirubin 0.1.  Earlier this morning, she had hemoglobin of 14.5, hematocrit 41.3, platelets 491,000.  PT 58 increased, INR 6.6 increased, PTT 75.9 increased.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:  ,VITAL SIGNS:  Temperature 99 degrees Fahrenheit, pulse 142 per minute, respirations 34 per minute, weight 8.6 kg.,GENERAL:  She is intubated.,HEENT:  Atraumatic.  She is intubated.,LUNGS:  Good air entry bilaterally.  No rales or wheezing.,ABDOMEN:  Distended.  Decreased bowel sounds.,GENITALIA:  Grossly normal female.,CNS:  She is sedated.,IMPRESSION: , A 3-year-old female patient with history of passage of blood through G-tube site with coagulopathy.  She has a history of G-tube fundoplication, developmental delay, PEHO syndrome, which is progressive encephalopathy optic atrophy.,PLAN:  ,Plan is to give vitamin K, FFP, blood transfusion.  Consider upper endoscopy.  Procedure and informed consent discussed with the family.
Foul-Smelling Urine 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Foul-smelling urine and stomach pain after meals.

CHIEF COMPLAINT:,  Foul-smelling urine and stomach pain after meals.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:,  Stomach pain with most meals x one and a half years and urinary symptoms for same amount of time.  She was prescribed Reglan, Prilosec, Pepcid, and Carafate at ED for her GI symptoms and Bactrim for UTI.  This visit was in July 2010.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,  HEENT:  No headaches.  No visual disturbances, no eye irritation.  No nose drainage or allergic symptoms.  No sore throat or masses.  Respiratory:  No shortness of breath.  No cough or wheeze.  No pain.  Cardiac:  No palpitations or pain.  Gastrointestinal:  Pain and cramping.  Denies nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.  Has some regurgitation with gas after meals.  Genitourinary:  "Smelly" urine.  Musculoskeletal:  No swelling, pain, or numbness.,MEDICATION ALLERGIES:,  No known drug allergies.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,General:  Unremarkable.,HEENT:  PERRLA.  Gaze conjugate.,Neck:  No nodes.  No thyromegaly.  No masses.,Lungs:  Clear.,Heart:  Regular rate without murmur.,Abdomen:  Soft, without organomegaly, without guarding or tenderness.,Back:  Straight.  No paraspinal spasm.,Extremities:  Full range of motion.  No edema.,Neurologic:  Cranial nerves II-XII intact.  Deep tendon reflexes 2+ bilaterally.,Skin:  Unremarkable.,LABORATORY STUDIES:,  Urinalysis was done, which showed blood due to her period and moderate leukocytes.,ASSESSMENT:,1.  UTI.,2.  GERD.,3.  Dysphagia.,4.  Contraception consult.,PLAN:,1.  Cipro 500 mg b.i.d. x five days.  Ordered BMP, CBC, and urinalysis with microscopy.,2.  Omeprazole 20 mg daily and famotidine 20 mg b.i.d.,3.  Prescriptions same as #2.  Also referred her for a barium swallow series to rule out a stricture.,4.  Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo.,
Flex Sig - 1 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Flexible sigmoidoscopy due to rectal bleeding.

INDICATION:  , Rectal bleeding.,PREMEDICATION:, See procedure nurse NCS form.,PROCEDURE:  ,
Flex Sig - 2 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Flexible sigmoidoscopy.  The Olympus video colonoscope then introduced into the rectum and passed by directed vision to the distal descending colon.

PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , Following a barium enema prep and lidocaine ointment to the rectal vault, perirectal inspection and rectal exam were normal.  The Olympus video colonoscope then introduced into the rectum and passed by directed vision to the distal descending colon.  Withdrawal notes an otherwise normal descending, rectosigmoid and rectum.  Retroflexion noted no abnormality of the internal ring.  No hemorrhoids were noted.  Withdrawal from the patient terminated the procedure.
Gastrointestinal Bleed - Discharge Summary 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Gastrointestinal bleed, source undetermined, but possibly due to internal hemorrhoids.  Poor prep with friable internal hemorrhoids, but no gross lesions, no source of bleed.

DIAGNOSIS ON ADMISSION: , Gastrointestinal bleed.,DIAGNOSES ON DISCHARGE,1. Gastrointestinal bleed, source undetermined, but possibly due to internal hemorrhoids.,2. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.,3. Hypothyroidism.,PROCEDURE:,  Colonoscopy.,FINDINGS:,  Poor prep with friable internal hemorrhoids, but no gross lesions, no source of bleed.,HOSPITAL COURSE:  ,The patient was admitted to the emergency room by Dr. X. He apparently had an NG tube placed in the emergency room with gastric aspirate revealing no blood.  Dr. Y Miller saw him in consultation and recommended a colonoscopy.  A bowel prep was done.  H&Hs were stable.  His most recent H&H was 38.6/13.2 that was this morning.  His H&H at admission was 41/14.3.  The patient had the bowel prep that revealed no significant bleeding.  His vital signs are stable.  He is continuing on his usual medications of Imdur, metoprolol, and Synthroid.  His Plavix is discontinued.  He is given IV Protonix.  I am hesitant to use Prilosec or Protonix because of his history of pancreatitis associated with Prilosec.,The patient's PT/INR was 1.03, PTT 25.8.  Chemistry panel was unremarkable.  The patient was given a regular diet after his colonoscopy today.  He tolerated it well and is being discharged home.  He will be followed closely as an outpatient.  He will continue his Pepcid 40 mg at night, Imdur, Synthroid, and metoprolol as prior to admission.  He will hold his Plavix for now.  They will call me for further dark stools and will avoid Pepto-Bismol.  They will follow up in the office on Thursday.
Gastroscopy 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Esophagitis, minor stricture at the gastroesophageal junction, hiatal hernia.  Otherwise normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Dysphagia and esophageal spasm.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Esophagitis and esophageal stricture.,PROCEDURE:,  Gastroscopy.,MEDICATIONS:,  MAC.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced into the oropharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, to the third portion of the duodenum.  The hypopharynx was normal and the upper esophageal sphincter was unremarkable.  The esophageal contour was normal, with the gastroesophageal junction located at 38 cm from the incisors.  At this point, there were several linear erosions and a sense of stricturing at 38 cm.  Below this, there was a small hiatal hernia with the hiatus noted at 42 cm from the incisors.  The mucosa within the hernia was normal.  The gastric lumen was normal with normal mucosa throughout.  The pylorus was patent permitting passage of the scope into the duodenum, which was normal through the third portion.  During withdrawal of the scope, additional views were obtained of the cardia, confirming the presence of a small hiatal hernia.  It was decided to attempt dilation of the strictured area, so an 18-mm TTS balloon was placed across the stricture and inflated to the recommended diameter.  When the balloon was fully inflated, the lumen appeared to be larger than 18 mm diameter, suggesting that the stricture was in fact not a significant one.  No stretching of the mucosa took place.  The balloon was deflated and the scope was withdrawn.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1.  Esophagitis.,2.  Minor stricture at the gastroesophageal junction.,3.  Hiatal hernia.,4.  Otherwise normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum.,RECOMMENDATIONS:  ,Continue proton pump inhibitor therapy.
Gastroenterology - Letter 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Female with intermittent rectal bleeding, not associated with any weight loss.  The patient is chronically constipated.

Sample Address,Re:  Mrs. Sample Patient,Dear Sample Doctor:,I had the pleasure of seeing your patient, Mrs. Sample Patient , in my office today.  Mrs. Sample Patient is a 48-year-old, African-American female with a past medical history of hypertension and glaucoma, who was referred to me to be evaluated for intermittent rectal bleeding.  The patient denies any weight loss, does have a good appetite, no nausea and no vomiting.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,  Significant for hypertension and diabetes.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY:,  The patient denies any past surgical history.,MEDICATIONS:,  The patient takes Cardizem CD 240-mg.  The patient also takes eye drops.,ALLERGIES:,  The patient denies any allergies.,SOCIAL HISTORY:,  The patient smokes about a pack a day for more than 25 years.  The patient drinks alcohol socially.,FAMILY HISTORY:,  Significant for hypertension and strokes.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,  The patient does have a good appetite and no weight loss.  She does have intermittent rectal bleeding associated with irritation in the rectal area.  The patient denies any nausea, any vomiting, any night sweats, any fevers or any chills.,The patient denies any shortness of breath, any chest pain, any irregular heartbeat or chronic cough.,The patient is chronically constipated.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,  This is a 48 year-old lady who is awake, alert and oriented x 3.  She does not seem to be in any acute distress.  Her vital signs are blood pressure is 130/70 with a heart rate of 75 and respirations of 16.  HEENT is normocephalic, atraumatic.  Sclerae are non-icteric.  Her neck is supple, no bruits, no lymph nodes.  Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally, no crackles, no rales and no wheezes.  The cardiovascular system has a regular rate and rhythm, no murmurs.  The abdomen is soft and non-tender.  Bowel sounds are positive and no organomegaly.  Extremities have no edema.,IMPRESSION:,  This is a 48-year-old female presenting with painless rectal bleeding not associated with any weight loss.  The patient is chronically constipated.,1.  Rule out colon cancer.,2.  Rule out colon polyps. ,3.  Rule out hemorrhoids, which is the most likely diagnosis.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,  Because of the patient's age, the patient will need to have a complete colonoscopy exam.,The patient will also need to have a CBC check and monitor.,The patient will be scheduled for the colonoscopy at Sample Hospital and the full report will be forwarded to your office.,Thank you very much for allowing me to participate in the care of your patient.,Sincerely yours,,Sample Doctor, MD
Flex Sig - 3 
Medical specialty:  Gastroenterology
 Flexible sigmoidoscopy.  Sigmoid and left colon diverticulosis; otherwise, normal flexible sigmoidoscopy to the proximal descending colon.

PROCEDURE: , Flexible sigmoidoscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Rectal bleeding.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:  ,Diverticulosis.,MEDICATIONS: , None.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:  ,The Olympus gastroscope was introduced through the rectum and advanced carefully through the colon for a distance of 90 cm, reaching the proximal descending colon.  At this point, stool occupied the lumen, preventing further passage.  The colon distal to this was well cleaned out and easily visualized.  The mucosa was normal throughout the regions examined.  Numerous diverticula were seen.  There was no blood or old blood or active bleeding.  A retroflexed view of the anorectal junction showed no hemorrhoids.  He tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1.  Sigmoid and left colon diverticulosis.,2.  Otherwise normal flexible sigmoidoscopy to the proximal descending colon.,3.  The bleeding was most likely from a diverticulum, given the self limited but moderately severe quantity that he described.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1.  Follow up with Dr. X as needed.,2.  If there is further bleeding, a full colonoscopy is recommended.