harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Indwelling Catheter Insertion 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Insertion of left femoral circle-C catheter (indwelling catheter).  Chronic renal failure.  The patient was discovered to have a MRSA bacteremia with elevated fever and had tenderness at the anterior chest wall where his Perm-A-Cath was situated.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Chronic renal failure.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:  ,Chronic renal failure.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,  Insertion of left femoral circle-C catheter.,ANESTHESIA: , 1% lidocaine.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:,  Minimal.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,HISTORY: , The patient is a 36-year-old African-American male presented to ABCD General Hospital on 08/30/2003 for evaluation of elevated temperature.  He was discovered to have a MRSA bacteremia with elevated fever and had tenderness at the anterior chest wall where his Perm-A-Cath was situated.  He did require a short-term of Levophed for hypotension.  He is felt to have an infected dialysis catheter, which was removed.  He was planned to undergo replacement of his Perm-A-Cath, dialysis catheter, however, this was not possible.  He will still require a dialysis and will require at least a temporary dialysis catheter until which time a long-term indwelling catheter can be established for dialysis.  He was explained the risks, benefits, and complications of the procedure previously.  He gave us informed consent to proceed.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , The patient was placed in the supine position.  The left inguinal region was shaved.  His left groin was then prepped and draped in normal sterile fashion with Betadine solution.  Utilizing 1% lidocaine, the skin and subcutaneous tissue were anesthetized with 1% lidocaine.  Under direct aspiration technique, the left femoral vein was cannulated.  Next, utilizing an #18 gauge Cook needle, the left femoral vein was cannulated.  Sutures were removed, nonpulsatile flow was observed and a Seldinger guidewire was inserted within the catheter.  The needle was then removed.  Utilizing #11 blade scalpel, a small skin incision was made adjacent to the catheter.  Utilizing a #10 French dilator, the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and left femoral vein were dilated over the Seldinger guidewire.  Dilator was removed and a preflushed circle-C 8 inch catheter was inserted over the Seldinger guidewire.  The guidewire was retracted out from the blue distal port and grasped.  The catheter was then placed in the left femoral vessel _______.  This catheter was then fixed to the skin with #3-0 silk suture.  A mesenteric dressing was then placed over the catheter site.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.  He was turned to the upright position without difficulty.  He will undergo dialysis today per Nephrology.
Hemodialysis Fistula Construction 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Construction of right upper arm hemodialysis fistula with transposition of deep brachial vein.  End-stage renal disease with failing AV dialysis fistula.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , End-stage renal disease with failing AV dialysis fistula.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , End-stage renal disease with failing AV dialysis fistula.,PROCEDURE: , Construction of right upper arm hemodialysis fistula with transposition of deep brachial vein.,ANESTHESIA: , Endotracheal.,DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , General endotracheal anesthesia was initiated without difficulty.  The right arm, axilla, and chest wall were prepped and draped in sterile fashion.  Longitudinal skin incision was made from the lower axilla distally down the medial aspect of the arm and the basilic vein was not apparent.  The draining veins are the deep brachial veins.  The primary vein was carefully dissected out and small tributaries clamped, divided, and ligated with #3-0 Vicryl suture.  A nice length of vein was obtained to the distal one third of the arm.  This appeared to be of adequate length to transpose the vein through the subcutaneous tissue to an old occluded fistula vein, which remains patent through a small collateral vein.  A transverse skin incision was made over the superior aspect of the old fistula vein.  This vein was carefully dissected out and encircled with vascular tapes.  The brachial vein was then tunneled in a gentle curve above the bicep to the level of the cephalic vein fistula.  The patient was sensible, was then systemically heparinized.  The existing fistula vein was clamped proximally and distally, incised longitudinally for about a centimeter.  The brachial vein end was spatulated.  Subsequently, a branchial vein to arterialized fistula vein anastomosis was then constructed using running #6-0 Prolene suture in routine fashion.  After the completion of the anastomosis, the fistula vein was forebled and the branchial vein backbled.  The anastomosis was completed.  A nice thrill could be palpated over the outflow brachial vein.  Hemostasis was noted.  A 8 mm Blake drain was placed in the wound and brought out through inferior skin stab incision and ___ the skin with #3-0 nylon suture.  The wounds were then closed using interrupted #4-0 Vicryl and deep subcutaneous tissue ___ staples closed the skin.  Sterile dressings were applied.  The patient was then x-ray'd and taken to Recovery in satisfactory condition.  Estimated blood loss 50 mL, drains 8 mm Blake.  Operative complication none apparent, final sponge, needle, and instrument counts reported as correct.
Internal Jugular Vein Catheter Insertion 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Acute on chronic renal failure and uremia.  Insertion of a right internal jugular vein hemodialysis catheter.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Acute on chronic renal failure.,2.  Uremia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Acute on chronic renal failure.,2.  Uremia.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:  ,Insertion of a right internal jugular vein hemodialysis catheter.,ANESTHESIA: , 1% local lidocaine.,BLOOD LOSS: , Less than 5 cc.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,HISTORY: , The patient is a 74-year-old Caucasian male who presents via direct admission for acute on chronic renal failure with uremia.  The patient incidentally was in a car accident ten days ago and has been feeling pretty awful since that time.  He is slightly short of breath with mild difficulty in breathing.  A pre-procedure x-ray was obtained, which showed no pneumothorax.  He did have a significant right pleural effusion and a mild left pleural effusion.  We decided to insert the catheter on the right side.,PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  1% lidocaine was used to anesthetize the area two fingerbreadths above the clavicle just posterior to the right sternocleidomastoid muscle and below the external jugular vein.  Using the same anesthetic needle, the right internal jugular vein was used to cannulate with good venous blood return.  The tract was noted.,The needle was removed and a second #18 gauge thin-walled needle was used along same tract to cannulate the right internal jugular vein also without difficulty and good venous blood return.  The syringe was removed and a Seldinger guidewire was inserted through the needle to cannulate the vein also without difficulty.  The needle was removed and an #11 blade was used to make a small skin incision provided skin and vein dilators were used.  The circle-C 8-inch hemodialysis catheter was then inserted over the guidewire without difficulty.  The guidewire was removed.  Both of the ports were aspirated venous blood without difficulty and both flushed also without difficulty.  The ports were flushed with injectable normal saline secondary to the patient going for dialysis today.  Thus, he will not need heparinization of the lines.  Again, he tolerated the procedure well.  A postoperative x-ray would be obtained to check catheter placement and rule out pneumothorax.
End Stage Renal Disease - Consult 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Management of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the patient on chronic hemodialysis, being admitted for chest pain.

REASON FOR CONSULTATION: , Management of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the patient on chronic hemodialysis, being admitted for chest pain.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:,  This is a 66-year-old Native American gentleman, a patient of Dr. X, my associate, who has a past medical history of coronary artery disease, status post stent placement, admitted with chest pressure around 4 o'clock last night.  He took some nitroglycerin tablets at home with no relief.  He came to the ER.  He is going to have a coronary angiogram done today by Dr. Y. I have seen this patient first time in the morning, approximately around the 4 o'clock.  This is a late entry dictation.  Presently lying in bed, but he feels fine.  Denies any chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea.  Denies hematuria, dysuria, or bright red blood per rectum.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,1.  Coronary artery disease, status post stent placement two years ago.,2.  Diabetes mellitus for the last 12 years.,3.  Hypertension.,4.  End-stage renal disease.,5.  History of TIA in the past.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY:,1.  As mentioned above.,2.  Cholecystectomy.,3.  Appendectomy.,4.  Right IJ PermaCath placement.,5.  AV fistula graft in the right wrist.,PERSONAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY:,  He smoked 2 to 3 packets per day for at least last 10 years.  He quit smoking roughly about 20 years ago.  Occasional alcohol use.,FAMILY HISTORY: , Noncontributory.,ALLERGIES:  ,No known drug allergies.,MEDICATIONS AT HOME: , Metoprolol, Plavix, Rocaltrol, Lasix, Norvasc, Zocor, hydralazine, calcium carbonate, and loratadine.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION,GENERAL:  He is alert, seems to be in no apparent distress.,VITAL SIGNS:  Temperature 98.2, pulse 61, respiratory 20, and blood pressure 139/63.,HEENT:  Atraumatic and normocephalic.,NECK:  No JVD, no thyromegaly, supra and infraclavicular lymphadenopathy.,LUNGS:  Clear to auscultation.  Air entry bilateral equal.,HEART:  S1 and S2.  No pericardial rub.,ABDOMEN:  Soft and nontender.  Normal bowel sounds.,EXTREMITIES:  No edema.,NEUROLOGIC:  The patient is alert without focal deficit.,LABORATORY DATA:,  Laboratory data shows hemoglobin 13, hematocrit 38.4, sodium 130, potassium 4.2, chloride 96.5, carbonate 30, BUN 26, creatinine 6.03, and glucose 162.,IMPRESSION:,1.  End-stage renal disease, plan for dialysis today.,2.  Diabetes mellitus.,3.  Chest pain for coronary angiogram today.,4.  Hypertension, blood pressure stable.,PLAN: , Currently follow the patient.  Dr. Z is going to assume the care.
Discharge Summary - Nephrology 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Patient with left renal cell carcinoma, left renal cyst, had robotic-Assisted laparoscopic left renal cyst decortication and cystoscopy.

ADMITTING DIAGNOSES:,  Left renal cell carcinoma, left renal cyst.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSIS:,  Left renal cell carcinoma, left renal cyst.,SECONDARY DIAGNOSES:,1.  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.,2.  Coronary artery disease.,PROCEDURES: , Robotic-Assisted laparoscopic left renal cyst decortication and cystoscopy.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , Mr. ABC is a 70-year-old male who has been diagnosed with a left renal cell carcinoma with multiple renal cysts.  He has undergone MRI of the abdomen on June 18, 2008 revealing an enhancing mass of the upper pole of the left kidney consistent with his history of renal cell carcinoma.  Of note, there are no other enhancing solid masses seen on this MRI.  After discussion of multiple management strategies with the patient including:,1.  Left partial nephrectomy.,2.  Left radical nephrectomy.,3.  Left renal cyst decortication.  The patient is likely to undergo the latter procedure.,HOSPITAL COURSE:  ,The patient was admitted to undergo left renal cyst decortication as well as a cystoscopy.  Intraoperatively, approximately four enlarged renal cysts and six smaller renal cysts were initially removed.  The contents were aspirated and careful dissection of the cyst wall was performed.  Multiple specimens of the cyst wall were sent for pathology.  Approximately one liter of cystic fluid was drained during the procedure.  The renal bed was inspected for hemostasis, which appear to be adequate.  There were no complications with the procedure.  Single JP drain was left in place.  Additionally, the patient underwent flexible cystoscopy, which revealed no gross strictures or any other abnormalities in the penile nor prostatic urethra.  Furthermore, no gross lesions were encountered in the bladder.  The patient left OR with transfer to the PACU and subsequently to the hospital floor.,The patient's postoperative course was relatively uneventful.  His diet and activity were gradually advanced without complication.  On postoperative day #2, he was passing flatus and has had bowel movements.  His Jackson-Pratt drain was discontinued on postoperative day #3 that being the day of discharge.  His Foley catheter was removed on the morning of discharge and the patient subsequently passed the voiding trial without difficultly.  At the time of discharge, he was afebrile.  His vital signs indicated hemodynamic stability and he had no evidence of infection.  The patient was instructed to follow up with Dr. XYZ on 8/12/2008 at 1:50 p.m. and was given prescription for pain medications as well as laxative.,DISPOSITION: , To home.,DISCHARGE CONDITION:,  Good.,MEDICATIONS:  ,Please see attached medication list.,INSTRUCTIONS: , The patient was instructed to contact Dr. XYZ's office for fever greater than 101.5, intractable pain, nausea, vomiting, or any other concerns.,FOLLOWUP: , The patient will follow up with Dr. XYZ for a postoperative check on 08/12/2008 at 1:50 p.m. and he was made aware of this appointment.
Hematuria - ER Visit 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Presents to the ER with hematuria that began while sleeping last night.   He denies any pain, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:,  The patient is an 85-year-old gentleman who follows as an outpatient with Dr. A.  He is known to us from his last admission.  At that time, he was admitted with a difficulty voiding and constipation.  His urine cultures ended up being negative.  He was seen by Dr. B and discharged home on Levaquin for five days.,He presents to the ER today with hematuria that began while he was sleeping last night.  He denies any pain, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.  In the ER, a Foley catheter was placed and was irrigated with saline.  White count was 7.6, H and H are 10.8 and 38.7, and BUN and creatinine are of 27 and 1.9.  Urine culture is pending.  Chest x-ray is pending.  His UA did show lots of red cells.  The patient currently is comfortable.  CBI is running.  His urine is clear.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,1.  Hypertension.,2.  High cholesterol.,3.  Bladder cancer.,4.  Bilateral total knee replacements.,5.  Cataracts.,6.  Enlarged prostate.,ALLERGIES:,  SULFA.,MEDICATIONS AT HOME:,1.  Atenolol.,2.  Cardura.,3.  Zegerid.,4.  Flomax.,5.  Levaquin.,6.  Proscar.,7.  Vicodin.,8.  Morphine.,9.  Phenergan.,10.  Ativan.,11.  Zocor.,12.  Prinivil.,13.  Hydrochlorothiazide.,14.  Folic acid.,15.  Digoxin.,16.  Vitamin B12.,17.  Multivitamin.,SOCIAL HISTORY: , The patient lives at home with his daughter.  He does not smoke, occasionally drinks alcohol.  He is independent with his activities of daily living.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,  Not additionally rewarding.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,GENERAL:  An awake and alert 85-year-old gentleman who is afebrile.,VITAL SIGNS:  BP of 162/60 and pulse oximetry of 98% on room air.,HEENT:  Pink conjunctivae.  Anicteric sclerae.  Oral mucosa is moist.,NECK:  Supple.,CHEST:  Clear to auscultation.,HEART:  Regular S1 and S2.,ABDOMEN:  Soft and nontender to palpation.,EXTREMITIES:  Without edema.,He has a Foley catheter in place.  His urine is clear.,LABORATORY DATA:,  Reviewed.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Hematuria.
Discharge Summary - Hemodialysis 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 The patient is being discharged for continued hemodialysis and rehab.

DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES:,1.  End-stage renal disease, on hemodialysis.,2.  History of T9 vertebral fracture.,3.  Diskitis.,4.  Thrombocytopenia.,5.  Congestive heart failure with ejection fraction of approximately 30%.,6.  Diabetes, type 2.,7.  Protein malnourishment.,8.  History of anemia.,HISTORY AND HOSPITAL COURSE: , The patient is a 77-year-old white male who presented to Hospital of Bossier on April 14, 2008.  The patient was found to have lumbar diskitis and was going to require extensive antibiotic therapy, which was the cause of need for continued hospitalization.  He also needed to continue with dialysis and he needed to improve his rehabilitation.  The patient tolerated his medication well and he was going through rehab fairly well without any significant troubles.  He did have some bouts of issues with constipation on and off throughout his hospitalization, but this seemed to come under control with more aggressive management.  The patient had remained afebrile.  He did also have a bout with some episodic confusion problems, which appeared to be more of a sundowner-type of a problem, but this too cleared with his stay here at Promise.  On the day of discharge, on May 9, 2008, the patient was in good spirits, was very clear and lucid.  He denied any complaints of pain.  He did have some trouble with sleep at night at times, but I think this was mainly tied into the fact that he sleeps a lot during the day.  The patient has increased his appetite some and has been eating some.  His vital signs remain stable.  His blood pressure on discharge was 126/63, heart rate is 80, respiratory rate of 20 and temperature was 98.3.  PPD was negative.  An SMS form was filled out in plan for his discharge and he was sent with medications that he had been receiving while here at Promise.,The patient and his family understood our plan and agreed with it.  He thanked us for the care that he received at Promise and thought that they did a fantastic job taking care of him.  He did not have any acute questions as to where he was going and what the next step of his care would be, but we did discuss this at length prior to date of discharge.,
Cystourethroscopy & Retrograde Pyelogram 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Cystourethroscopy, bilateral retrograde pyelogram, and transurethral resection of bladder tumor of 1.5 cm in size.  Recurrent bladder tumor and history of bladder carcinoma.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Recurrent bladder tumor.,2.  History of bladder carcinoma.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,
Excretory Urogram - IVP  
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Common Excretory Urogram - IVP template

There is normal and symmetrical filling of the caliceal system.  Subsequent films demonstrate that the kidneys are of normal size and contour bilaterally.  The caliceal system and ureters are in their usual position and show no signs of obstruction or intraluminal defects. The postvoid films demonstrate normal emptying of the collecting system, including the urinary bladder.,IMPRESSION:,  Negative intravenous urogram.,
Cystopyelogram - 1 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Cystopyelogram, clot evacuation, transurethral resection of the bladder tumor x2 on the dome and on the left wall of the bladder.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Gross hematuria.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:  ,Gross hematuria.,OPERATIONS:  ,Cystopyelogram, clot evacuation, transurethral resection of the bladder tumor x2 on the dome and on the left wall of the bladder.,ANESTHESIA: , Spinal.,FINDINGS:  ,Significant amount of bladder clots measuring about 150 to 200 mL, two cupful of clots were removed.  There was papillary tumor on the left wall right at the bladder neck and one on the right dome near the bladder neck on the right side.  The right ureteral opening was difficult to visualize, the left one was normal.,BRIEF HISTORY: , The patient is a 78-year-old male with history of gross hematuria and recurrent UTIs.  The patient had hematuria.  Cystoscopy revealed atypical biopsy.  The patient came in again with gross hematuria.  The first biopsy was done about a month ago.  The patient was to come back and have repeat biopsies done, but before that came into the hospital with gross hematuria.  The options of watchful waiting, removal of the clots and biopsies were discussed.  Risk of anesthesia, bleeding, infection, pain, MI, DVT and PE were discussed.  Morbidity and mortality of the procedure were discussed.  Consent was obtained from the daughter-in-law who has the power of attorney in Florida.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was brought to the OR.  Anesthesia was applied.  The patient was placed in the dorsal lithotomy position.  The patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  The patient had been off of the Coumadin for about 4 days and INR had been reversed.  The patient has significant amount of clot upon entering the bladder.  There was a tight bladder neck contracture.  The prostate was not enlarged.  Using ACMI 24-French sheath, using Ellick irrigation about 2 cupful of clots were removed.  It took about half an hour to just remove the clots.  After removing the clots, using 24-French cutting loop resectoscope, tumor on the left upper wall near the dome or near the 2 o'clock position was resected.  This was lateral to the left ureteral opening.  The base was coagulated for hemostasis.  Same thing was done at 10 o'clock on the right side where there was some tumor that was visualized.  The back wall and the rest of the bladder appeared normal.  Using 8-French cone-tip catheter, left-sided pyelogram was normal.  The right-sided pyelogram was very difficult to obtain and there was some mucosal irritation from the clots.  The contrast did go up to what appeared to be the right ureteral opening, but the mucosa seemed to be very much irritated and it was very difficult to actually visualize the opening.  A little bit of contrast went out, but the force was not made just to avoid any secondary stricture formation.  The patient did have CT with contrast, which showed that the kidneys were normal.  At this time, a #24 three-way irrigation was started.  The patient was brought to Recovery room in stable condition.