harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Left Orchiectomy & Right Orchidopexy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Left orchiectomy, scrotal exploration, right orchidopexy.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Left testicular torsion.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:  ,1.  Left testicular torsion.,2.  Left testicular abscess.,3.  Necrotic testes.,SURGERY:,  Left orchiectomy, scrotal exploration, right orchidopexy.,DRAINS:,  Penrose drain on the left hemiscrotum.,The patient was given vancomycin, Zosyn, and Levaquin preop.,BRIEF HISTORY:  ,The patient is a 49-year-old male who came into the emergency room with 2-week history of left testicular pain, scrotal swelling, elevated white count of 39,000.  The patient had significant scrotal swelling and pain.  Ultrasound revealed necrotic testicle.  Options such as watchful waiting and removal of the testicle were discussed.  Due to elevated white count, the patient was told that he must have the testicle removed due to the infection and possible early signs of urosepsis.  The risks of anesthesia, bleeding, infection, pain, MI, DVT, PE, scrotal issues, other complications were discussed.  The patient was told about the morbidity and mortality of the procedure and wanted to proceed.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , The patient was brought to the OR.  Anesthesia was applied.  The patient was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  A midline scrotal incision was made.  There was very, very thick scrotal skin.  There was no necrotic skin.  As soon as the left hemiscrotum was entered, significant amount of pus poured out of the left hemiscrotum.  The testicle was completely filled with pus and had completely disintegrated with pus.  The pus just poured out of the left testicle.  The left testicle was completely removed.  Debridement was done of the scrotal wall to remove any necrotic tissue.  Over 2 L of antibiotic irrigation solution was used to irrigate the left hemiscrotum.  There was good tissue left after all the irrigation and debridement.  A Penrose drain was placed in the bottom of the left hemiscrotum.  I worried about the patient may have torsed and then the testicle became necrotic, so the plan was to pex the right testicle, plus the right side also appeared very abnormal.  So, the right hemiscrotum was opened.  The testicle had significant amount of swelling and scrotal wall was very thick.  The testicle appeared normal.  There was no pus coming out of the right hemiscrotum.  At this time, a decision was made to place 4-0 Prolene nonabsorbable stitches in 3 different quadrants to prevent it from torsion.  The hemiscrotum was closed using 2-0 Vicryl in interrupted stitches and the skin was closed using 2-0 PDS in horizontal mattress.  There was very minimal pus left behind and the skin was very healthy.  Decision was made to close it to help the patient heal better in the long run.  The patient was brought to the recovery in stable condition.
Laser of Vulva 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Carbon dioxide laser photo-ablation due to recurrent dysplasia of vulva.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Recurrent dysplasia of vulva.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Same.,OPERATION PERFORMED:,  Carbon dioxide laser photo-ablation.,ANESTHESIA: , General, laryngeal mask.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , The patient has a past history of recurrent vulvar dysplasia.  She has had multiple prior procedures for treatment.  She was counseled to undergo laser photo-ablation.,FINDINGS:,  Examination under anesthesia revealed several slightly raised and pigmented lesions, predominantly on the left labia and perianal regions.  After staining with acetic acid, several additional areas of acetowhite epithelium were seen on both sides and in the perianal region.,PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was brought to the operating room with an IV in place.  Anesthetic was administered, after which she was placed in the lithotomy position.  Examination under anesthesia was performed, after which she was prepped and draped.  Acetic acid was applied and marking pen was utilized to outline the extent of the dysplastic lesion.  The carbon dioxide laser was then used to ablate the lesion to the third surgical plane as defined Reid.  Setting was 25 watts using a 6 mm pattern size with the silk-touch hand piece in the paint mode.  Excellent hemostasis was noted and Bacitracin was applied prophylactically.  The patient was awakened from her anesthetic and taken to the Post Anesthesia Care Unit in stable condition.
LEEP 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 LEEP procedure of endocervical polyp and Electrical excision of pigmented mole of inner right thigh.

DIAGNOSIS:,1.  Broad-based endocervical poly.,2.  Broad- based pigmented, raised nevus, right thigh.,OPERATION:,1.  LEEP procedure of endocervical polyp.,2.  Electrical excision of pigmented mole of inner right thigh.,FINDINGS: , There was a 1.5 x 1.5 cm broad-based pigmented nevus on the inner thigh that was excised with a wire loop.  Also, there was a butt-based, 1-cm long endocervical polyp off the posterior lip of the cervix slightly up in the canal.,PROCEDURE: , With the patient in the supine position, general anesthesia was administered.  The patient was put in the dorsal lithotomy position and prepped and draped for dilatation and curettage in a routine fashion.,An insulated posterior weighted retractor was put in.  Using the LEEP tenaculum, we were able to grasp the anterior lip of the cervix with a large wire loop at 35 cutting, 30 coagulation.  The endocervical polyp on the posterior lip of the cervix was excised.,Then changing from a 50 of coagulation and 5 cutting, the base of the polyp was electrocoagulated, which controlled all the bleeding.  The wire loop was attached, and the pigmented raised nevus on the inner thigh was excised with the wire loop.  Cautery of the base was done, and then it was closed with figure-of-eight 3-0 Vicryl sutures.  A band-aid was applied over this.,Rechecking the cervix, no bleeding was noted.  The patient was laid flat on the table, awakened, and moved to the recovery room bed and sent to the recovery room in satisfactory condition.
Laparoscopy - 4 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopy with ablation of endometriosis.  Allen-Masters window in the upper left portion of the cul-de-sac, bronze lesions of endometriosis in the central portion of the cul-de-sac as well as both the left uterosacral ligament, flame lesions of the right uterosacral ligament approximately 5 mL of blood tinged fluid in the cul-de-sac.

PROCEDURE: , Laparoscopy with ablation of endometriosis.,DIAGNOSIS: , Endometriosis.,ANESTHESIA:,  General.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , None.,FINDINGS: , Allen-Masters window in the upper left portion of the cul-de-sac, bronze lesions of endometriosis in the central portion of the cul-de-sac as well as both the left uterosacral ligament, flame lesions of the right uterosacral ligament approximately 5 mL of blood tinged fluid in the cul-de-sac.  Normal tubes and ovaries, normal gallbladder, smooth liver edge.,PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was taken to the operating room and placed under general anesthesia.  She was put in the dorsal lithotomy position, and the perineum and abdomen were prepped and draped in a sterile manner.  Subumbilical area was injected with Marcaine, and a Veress needle was placed subumbilically through which approximately 2 L of CO2 were inflated.  Scalpel was used to make a subumbilical incision through which a 5-mm trocar was placed.  Laparoscope was inserted through the cannula and the pelvis was visualized.  Under direct visualization, two 5-mm trocars were placed in the right and left suprapubic midline.  Incision sites were transilluminated and injected with Marcaine prior to cutting.  Hulka manipulator was placed on the cervix.  Pelvis was inspected and blood tinged fluid was aspirated from the cul-de-sac.  The beginnings of an Allen-Masters window in the left side of the cul-de-sac were visualized along with bronze lesions of endometriosis.  Some more lesions were noted above the left uterosacral ligament.  Flame lesions were noted above the right uterosacral ligament.  Tubes and ovaries were normal bilaterally with the presence of a few small paratubal cysts on the left tube.  There was a somewhat leathery appearance to the ovaries.  The lesions of endometriosis were ablated with the argon beam coagulator, as was a region of the Allen-Masters window.  Pelvis was irrigated and all operative sites were hemostatic.  No other abnormalities were visualized and all instruments were moved under direct visualization.  Approximately 200 mL of fluid remained in the abdominal cavity.  All counts were correct and the skin incisions were closed with 2-0 Vicryl after all CO2 was allowed to escape.  The patient was taken to the recovery in stable condition.
Laparoscopy - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopy.  The cervix was grasped with a single-tooth tenaculum.  The uterus was gently sounded and a manipulator was inserted for movement of the uterus throughout the case.
Laparoscopy - Drainage of Cyst 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Diagnostic laparoscopy and drainage of cyst.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Ovarian cyst, persistent.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Ovarian cyst.,ANESTHESIA:,  General,NAME OF OPERATION:,  Diagnostic laparoscopy and drainage of cyst.,PROCEDURE:,  The patient was taken to the operating room, prepped and draped in the usual manner, and adequate anesthesia was induced.  An infraumbilical incision was made, and Veress needle placed without difficulty.  Gas was entered into the abdomen at two liters.  The laparoscope was entered, and the abdomen was visualized.  The second puncture site was made, and the second trocar placed without difficulty.  The cyst was noted on the left, a 3-cm, ovarian cyst.  This was needled, and a hole cut in it with the scissors.  Hemostasis was intact.  Instruments were removed.  The patient was awakened and taken to the recovery room in good condition.
Laparoscopy - 2 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopy.  An incision was made in the umbilicus, allowing us to insert a micro-laparoscopic trocar.  We then insufflated the abdomen with approximately 3 liters of carbon dioxide gas and inserted the micro-laparoscopic instrument.
Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Morbid obesity.  Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, antecolic, antegastric with 25-mm EEA anastamosis, esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Morbid obesity. ,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Morbid obesity. ,PROCEDURE:,  Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, antecolic, antegastric with 25-mm EEA anastamosis, esophagogastroduodenoscopy. ,ANESTHESIA: , General with endotracheal intubation. ,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , This is a 50-year-old male who has been overweight for many years and has tried multiple different weight loss diets and programs.  The patient has now begun to have comorbidities related to the obesity.  The patient has attended our bariatric seminar and met with our dietician and psychologist.  The patient has read through our comprehensive handout and understands the risks and benefits of bypass surgery as evidenced by the signing of our consent form.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , The risks and benefits were explained to the patient.  Consent was obtained.  The patient was taken to the operating room and placed supine on the operating room table.  General anesthesia was administered with endotracheal intubation.  A Foley catheter was placed for bladder decompression.  All pressure points were carefully padded, and sequential compression devices were placed on the legs.  The abdomen was prepped and draped in standard, sterile, surgical fashion.  Marcaine was injected into the umbilicus.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy & Cholangiogram 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiogram.  Acute gangrenous cholecystitis with cholelithiasis.  The patient had essentially a dead gallbladder with stones and positive wide bile/pus coming from the gallbladder.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acute cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acute gangrenous cholecystitis with cholelithiasis.,OPERATION PERFORMED: , Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholangiogram.,FINDINGS:  ,The patient had essentially a dead gallbladder with stones and positive wide bile/pus coming from the gallbladder.,COMPLICATIONS:  ,None.,EBL: , Scant.,SPECIMEN REMOVED: , Gallbladder with stones.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion under general anesthesia.  A curvilinear incision was made below the umbilicus.  Through this incision, the camera port was able to be placed into the peritoneal cavity under direct visualization.  Once this complete, insufflation was begun.  Once insufflation was adequate, additional ports were placed in the epigastrium as well as right upper quadrant.  Once all four ports were placed, the right upper quadrant was then explored.  The patient had significant adhesions of omentum and colon to the liver, the gallbladder constituting definitely an acute cholecystitis.  This was taken down using Bovie cautery to free up visualization of the gallbladder.  The gallbladder was very thick and edematous and had frank necrosis of most of the anterior gallbladder wall.  Adhesions were further taken down between the omentum, the colon, and the gallbladder slowly starting superiorly and working inferiorly towards the cystic duct area.  Once the adhesions were fully removed, the cholangiogram was done which did not show any evidence of any common bile duct dilatation or obstruction.  At this point, due to the patient's gallbladder being very necrotic, it was deemed that the patient should have a drain placed.  The cystic duct and cystic artery were serially clipped and transected.  The gallbladder was removed from the gallbladder fossa removing the entire gallbladder.  Adequate hemostasis with Bovie cautery was achieved.  The gallbladder was then placed into a bag and removed from the peritoneal cavity through the camera port.  A JP drain was then run through the anterior port and out of one of the trochar sites and secured to the skin using 3-0 nylon suture.  Next, the right upper quadrant was copiously irrigated out using the suction irrigator.  Once this was complete, the additional ports were able to be removed.  The fascial opening at the umbilicus was reinforced by closing it using a 0 Vicryl suture in a figure-of-8 fashion.  All skin incisions were injected using Marcaine 1/4 percent plain.  The skin was reapproximated further using 4-0 Monocryl sutures in a subcuticular technique.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was able to be transferred to the recovery room in stable condition.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 7 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiogram.  The patient received 1 gm of IV Ancef intravenously piggyback.  The abdomen was prepared and draped in routine sterile fashion.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:  ,Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.,TITLE OF PROCEDURE,1.  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,2.  Intraoperative cholangiogram.,ANESTHESIA:  ,General.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:  ,The patient was taken to the operative suite and placed in the supine position under general endotracheal anesthetic.  The patient received 1 gm of IV Ancef intravenously piggyback.  The abdomen was prepared and draped in routine sterile fashion.,A 1-cm incision was made at the umbilicus and a Veress needle was inserted.  Saline test was performed.  Satisfactory pneumoperitoneum was achieved by insufflation of CO2 to a pressure of 14 mmHg.  The Veress needle was removed.  A 10- to 11-mm cannula was inserted.  Inspection of the peritoneal cavity revealed a gallbladder that was soft and without adhesions to it.  It was largely mobile.  The liver had a normal appearance as did the peritoneal cavity.  A 5-mm cannula was inserted in the right upper quadrant anterior axillary line.  A second 5-mm cannula was inserted in the subcostal space.  A 10- to 11-mm cannula was inserted into the upper midline.,The gallbladder was reflected in a cephalad direction.  The gallbladder was punctured with the aspirating needle, and under C-arm fluoroscopy was filled with contrast, filling the intra- and extrahepatic biliary trees, which appeared normal.  Extra contrast was aspirated and the aspirating needle was removed.  The ampulla was grasped with a second grasper, opening the triangle of Calot.  The cystic duct was dissected and exposed at its junction with the ampulla, was controlled with a hemoclip, digitally controlled with two clips and divided.  This was done while the common duct was in full visualization.  The cystic artery was similarly controlled and divided.  The gallbladder was dissected from its bed and separated from the liver, brought to the outside through the upper midline cannula and removed.,The subhepatic and subphrenic spaces were irrigated thoroughly with saline solution.  There was oozing and bleeding from the lateral 5-mm cannula site, but this stopped spontaneously with removal of the cannula.  The subphrenic and subhepatic spaces were again irrigated thoroughly with saline until clear.  Hemostasis was excellent.  CO2 was evacuated and the camera removed.  The umbilical fascia was closed with 2-0 Vicryl, the subcu with 3-0 Vicryl, and the skin was closed with 4-0 nylon.  Sterile dressings were applied.  Sponge and needle counts were correct.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 6 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Cholelithiasis; possible choledocholithiasis.  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiogram.  A small incision was made in the umbilicus, and a Veress needle was introduced into the abdomen.  CO2 insufflation was done to a maximum pressure of 15 mmHg, and a 12-mm VersaStep port was placed into the umbilicus.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Cholelithiasis; possible choledocholithiasis.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Standard Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Operative Note.

The patient's abdomen was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  A subumbilical skin incision was made.  The Veress needle was inserted, and the patient's abdominal cavity was insufflated with moderate pressure all times.  A subumbilical trocar was inserted.  The camera was inserted in the panoramic view.  The abdomen demonstrated some inflammation around the gallbladder.  A 10-mm midepigastric trocar was inserted.  A. 2 mm and 5 mm trocars were inserted.  The most lateral trocar grasping forceps was inserted and grasped the fundus of the gallbladder and placed in tension at liver edge.,Using the dissector, the cystic duct was identified and double Hemoclips were invited well away from the cystic-common duct junction.  The cystic artery was identified and double Hemoclips applied.  The gallbladder was taken down from the liver bed using Endoshears and electrocautery.  Hemostasis was obtained.  The gallbladder was removed from the midepigastric trocar site without difficulty.  The trocars were removed and the skin incisions were reapproximated using 4-0 Monocryl.  Steri-Strips and sterile dressing were placed.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to the recovery room in stable condition.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 5 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Biliary colic.   Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.  Laparoscopic examination showed no injury from entry.  Marcaine was then injected just subxiphoid, and a 5-mm port was placed under direct visualization for the laparoscope. 

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Biliary colic.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 4 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Acute cholecystitis.  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.  The abdominal area was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  A small skin incision was made below the umbilicus.  It was carried down in the transverse direction on the side of her old incision.  It was carried down to the fascia.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acute cholecystitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:,  Zero.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was taken to the operating room, and after obtaining adequate general anesthesia, the patient was placed in the supine position.  The abdominal area was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  A small skin incision was made below the umbilicus.  It was carried down in the transverse direction on the side of her old incision.  It was carried down to the fascia.  An open pneumoperitoneum was created with Hasson technique.  Three additional ports were placed in the usual fashion.  The gallbladder was found to be acutely inflamed, distended, and with some necrotic areas.  It was carefully retracted from the isthmus, and the cystic structure was then carefully identified, dissected, and divided between double clips.  The gallbladder was then taken down from the gallbladder fossa with electrocautery.  There was some bleeding from the gallbladder fossa that was meticulously controlled with a Bovie.  The gallbladder was then finally removed via the umbilical port with some difficulty because of the size of the gallbladder and size of the stones.  The fascia had to be opened.  The gallbladder had to be opened, and the stones had to be extracted carefully.  When it was completed, I went back to the abdomen and achieved complete hemostasis.  The ports were then removed under direct vision with the scope.  The fascia of the umbilical wound was closed with a figure-of-eight 0 Vicryl.  All the incisions were injected with 0.25% Marcaine, closed with 4-0 Monocryl, Steri-Strips, and sterile dressing.,The patient tolerated the procedure satisfactorily and was transferred to the recovery room in stable condition.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 3 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:  ,Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis.,PROCEDURE: , Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,BRIEF DESCRIPTION: , The patient was brought to the operating room and anesthesia was induced.  The abdomen was prepped and draped and ports were placed.  The gallbladder was grasped and retracted.  The cystic duct and cystic artery were circumferentially dissected and a critical view was obtained.  The cystic duct and cystic artery were then doubly clipped and divided and the gallbladder was dissected off the liver bed with electrocautery and placed in an endo catch bag.  The gallbladder fossa and clips were examined and looked good with no evidence of bleeding or bile leak.  The ports were removed under direct vision with good hemostasis.  The Hasson was removed.  The abdomen was desufflated.  The gallbladder in its endo catch bag was removed.  The ports were closed.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.  Please see full hospital dictation.