harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Closed Reduction - Mandible Fracture 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Bilateral open mandible fracture, open left angle and open symphysis fracture.  Closed reduction of mandible fracture with MMF.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Bilateral open mandible fracture, open left angle and open symphysis fracture.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Bilateral open mandible fracture, open left angle and open symphysis fracture.,PROCEDURE:  ,Closed reduction of mandible fracture with MMF.,ANESTHESIA: , General anesthesia via nasal endotracheal intubation.,FLUIDS: , 2 L of crystalloid.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,HARDWARE: , None.,SPECIMENS: , None.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,CONDITION:  ,The patient was extubated to PACU in good condition.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , The patient is a 17-year-old female who is 2 days status post an altercation in which she sustained multiple blows to the face.  She was worked up on Friday night, 2 days earlier at Hospital, was given palliative treatment and discharged and instructed to follow up as an outpatient with an oral surgeon and given a phone number to call.  The patient was worked up initially.  On initial exam, it was noted that the patient had a left V3 paresthesia.  She had a gross malocclusion.  On the facial CT and panoramic x-ray, it was noted to be a displaced left angle fracture and nondisplaced symphysis fracture.  Alternatives were discussed with the patient and it was determined she would benefit from being taken to the operating room under general anesthesia to have a closed reduction of her fractures.  Risks, benefits, and alternatives of treatment were thoroughly discussed with the patient and informed consent was obtained with the patient's mother.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:, The patient was taken to the operating room #4 at Hospital and laid in a supine position on the operating room table.  Monitor was attached and general anesthesia was induced with IV anesthetics and maintained with nasal endotracheal intubation and inhalation anesthetics.  The patient was prepped and draped in the usual oromaxillofacial surgery fashion.,Surgeon approached the operating table in a sterile fashion.  Approximately 10 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine was injected into the oral vestibule in a nerve block fashion.  A moistened Ray-Tec sponge was placed in the posterior oropharynx and the mouth was prepped with Peridex mouthrinse, scrubbed with a toothbrush.  The Peridex was evacuated with Yankauer suction.  Erich arch bars were adapted to the maxilla from the first molar to the contralateral first molar and secured with 24-gauge surgical steel wire on the posterior teeth and 26-gauge surgical steel wire on the anterior teeth.  Same was done on the mandible.  The patient was then manipulated up in the maximum intercuspation and noted to be reproducible.  The throat pack was then removed.,The patient was remanipulated up to the maximum intercuspation and secured with interdental elastics.  At this point in time, the procedure was then determined to be over.,The patient was extubated and transferred to the PACU in good condition.
Circumcision - Newborn  
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Newborn circumcision.  The penile foreskin was removed using Gomco. 

PROCEDURE: , Newborn circumcision.,INDICATIONS: , Parental preference.,ANESTHESIA:,  Dorsal penile nerve block.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:,  The baby was prepared and draped in a sterile manner.  Lidocaine 1% 4 mL without epinephrine was instilled into the base of the penis at 2 o'clock and 10 o'clock.  The penile foreskin was removed using a XXX Gomco.  Hemostasis was achieved with minimal blood loss.  There was no sign of infection.  The baby tolerated the procedure well.  Vaseline was applied to the penis, and the baby was diapered by nursing staff.
Cleft Repair - Soft Palate 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Cleft soft palate.  Repair of cleft soft palate and excise accessory ear tag, right ear. 

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Cleft soft palate.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Cleft soft palate.,PROCEDURES:,1.  Repair of cleft soft palate, CPT 42200.,2.  Excise accessory ear tag, right ear.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was placed supine on the operating room table.  After anesthesia was administered, time out was taken to ensure correct patient, procedure, and site.  The face was prepped and draped in a sterile fashion.  The right ear tag was examined first.  This was a small piece of skin and cartilaginous material protruding just from the tragus.  The lesion was excised and injected with 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine and then excised using an elliptical-style incision.  Dissection was carried down the subcutaneous tissue to remove any cartilaginous attachment to the tragus.  After this was done, the wound was cauterized and then closed using interrupted 5-0 Monocryl.  Attention was then turned towards the palate.  The Dingman mouthgag was inserted and the palate was injected with 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine.  After giving this 5 minutes to take effect, the palate was incised along its margins.  The anterior oral mucosa was lifted off and held demonstrating the underlying levator muscle.  Muscle was freed up from its attachments at the junction of the hard palate and swept down so that it will be approximated across the midline.  The Z-plasties were then designed, so there would be opposing Z-plasties from the nasal mucosa compared to the oral mucosa.  The nasal mucosa was sutured first using interrupted 4-0 Vicryl.  Next, the muscle was reapproximated using interrupted 4-0 Vicryl with an attempt to overlap the muscle in the midline.  In addition, the remnant of the uvula tissue was found and was sutured in such a place that it would add some extra bulk to the nasal surface of the palate.  Following this, the oral layer of mucosa was repaired using an opposing Z-plasty compared to the nasal layer.  This was also sutured in place using interrupted 4-0 Vicryl.  The anterior and posterior open edges of the palatal were sewn together.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.  Suction of blood and mucus performed at the end of the case.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.,IMMEDIATE COMPLICATIONS: , None.,DISPOSITION:,  In satisfactory condition to recovery.
Circumcision & Chordee Release 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision and release of ventral chordee.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Phimosis and adhesions.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:  ,Phimosis and adhesions.,PROCEDURES PERFORMED: , Circumcision and release of ventral chordee.,ANESTHESIA:  ,Local MAC.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,FLUIDS: , Crystalloid.  The patient was given antibiotics preop.,BRIEF HISTORY: , This is a 43-year-old male who presented to us with significant phimosis, difficulty retracting the foreskin.  The patient had buried penis with significant obesity issues in the suprapubic area.  Options such as watchful waiting, continuation of slowly retracting the skin, applying betamethasone cream, and circumcision were discussed.  Risk of anesthesia, bleeding, infection, pain, MI, DVT, PE, and CVA risks were discussed.  The patient had discussed this issue with Dr Khan and had been approved to get off of the Plavix.  Consent had been obtained.  Risk of scarring, decrease in penile sensation, and unexpected complications were discussed.  The patient was told about removing the dressing tomorrow morning, okay to shower after 48 hours, etc.  Consent was obtained.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was brought to the OR.  Anesthesia was applied.  The patient was placed in supine position.  The patient was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  Local MAC anesthesia was applied.  After draping, 17 mL of mixture of 0.25% Marcaine and 1% lidocaine plain were applied around the dorsal aspect of the penis for dorsal block.  The patient had significant phimosis and slight ventral chordee.  Using marking pen, the excess foreskin was marked off.  Using a knife, the ventral chordee was released.  The urethra was intact.  The excess foreskin was removed.  Hemostasis was obtained using electrocautery.  A 5-0 Monocryl stitches were used for 4 interrupted stitches and horizontal mattresses were done.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.  There was excellent hemostasis.  The penis was straight.  Vaseline gauze and Kerlix were applied.  The patient was brought to the recovery in stable condition.  Plan was for removal of the dressing tomorrow.  Okay to shower after 48 hours.
Circumcision - 7 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Normal penis.  The foreskin was normal in appearance and measured 1.6 cm.  There was no bleeding at the circumcision site.

PROCEDURE:,  Circumcision.,ANESTHESIA: , EMLA.,FINDINGS: , Normal penis.  The foreskin was normal in appearance and measured 1.6 cm.  There was no bleeding at the circumcision site.,PROCEDURE:,  Patient was placed on the circumcision restraint board.  EMLA had been applied approximately 90 minutes before.  A time-out was completed satisfactorily per protocol.  The area was prepped with Betadine.  The foreskin was grasped with sterile clamps and was dissected away from the corona and the glans penis with blunt dissection.  A Mogen clamp was applied to the cervix.  The excess foreskin was excised with the scalpel.  The clamp was removed.  At this point, the procedure was terminated.  Sterile Vaseline and gauze was applied to the glans penis.  There were no complications.  There was minimal blood loss.
Circumcision - Infant 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision.  Normal male phallus.   The infant is without evidence of hypospadias or chordee prior to the procedure.

PROCEDURE: , Circumcision.,PRE-PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS: , Normal male phallus.,POST-PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS: , Normal male phallus.,ANESTHESIA:  ,1% lidocaine without epinephrine.,INDICATIONS: , The risks and benefits of the procedure were discussed with the parents.  The risks are infection, hemorrhage, and meatal stenosis.  The benefits are ease of care and cleanliness and fewer urinary tract infections.  The parents understand this and have signed a permit.,FINDINGS: , The infant is without evidence of hypospadias or chordee prior to the procedure.,TECHNIQUE:  ,The infant was given a dorsal penile block with 1% lidocaine without epinephrine using a tuberculin syringe and 0.5 cc of lidocaine was delivered subcutaneously at 10:30 and at 1:30 o'clock at the dorsal base of the penis.,The infant was prepped then with Betadine and draped with a sterile towel in the usual manner.  Clamps were placed at 10 o'clock and 2 o'clock and the adhesions between the glans and mucosa were instrumentally lysed.  Dorsal hemostasis was established and a dorsal slit was made.  The foreskin was fully retracted and remaining adhesions between the glans and mucosa were manually lysed.  The infant was fitted with a XX-cm Plastibell.  The foreskin was retracted around the Plastibell and circumferential hemostasis was established.  The excess foreskin was removed with scissors and the infant tolerated the procedure well with a minimum amount of blood loss.  Instructions for continuing care are to watch for any evidence of hemorrhage or urination and the parents are instructed in the care of the circumcised penis.
Circumcision - 6 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision.   A dorsal slit was made, and the prepuce was dissected away from the glans penis.

PROCEDURE: , Circumcision.,Signed informed consent was obtained and the procedure explained.,DETAILS OF PROCEDURE: ,The child was placed in a Circumstraint board and restrained in the usual fashion.  The area of the penis and scrotum were prepared with povidone iodine solution.  The area was draped with sterile drapes, and the remainder of the procedure was done with sterile procedure.  A dorsal penile block was done using 2 injections of 0.3 cc each, 1% plain lidocaine.  A dorsal slit was made, and the prepuce was dissected away from the glans penis.  A Gomco clamp was properly placed for 5 minutes.  During this time, the foreskin was sharply excised using a #10 blade.  With removal of the clamp, there was a good cosmetic outcome and no bleeding.  The child appeared to tolerate the procedure well.  Care instructions were given to the parents.
Circumcision - 5 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Release of ventral chordee, circumcision, and repair of partial duplication of urethral meatus.

PROCEDURES:,1.  Release of ventral chordee.,2.  Circumcision.,3.  Repair of partial duplication of urethral meatus.,INDICATIONS: , The patient is an 11-month-old baby boy who presented for evaluation of a duplicated urethral meatus as well as ventral chordee and dorsal prepuce hooding.  He is here electively for surgical correction.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was brought back into operating room 35.  After successful induction of general endotracheal anesthetic, giving the patient, preoperative antibiotics and after completing a preoperative time out, the patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.,A holding stitch was placed in the glans penis.  At this point, we probed both urethral meatus.  Using the Crede maneuver, we could see urine clearly coming out of the lower, the more ventral meatus.  At this point, we cannulated this with a 6-French hypospadias catheter.  We attempted to cannulate the dorsal opening, however, we were unsuccessful.  We then attempted to place lacrimal probes and were also unsuccessful indicating this was incomplete duplication.  At this point, we identified the band connecting both the urethral meatus and incised it with tenotomy scissors.  We sutured both meatus together such that there was one meatus at the normal position at the tip of the glans.,At this point, we made a circumcising incision around the penis and degloved the penis in its entirety relieving all chordee.  Once all the chordee had been adequately released, we turned our attention to the circumcision.  Excessive dorsal foreskin was removed from the skin and glans.  Mucosal cuts were reapproximated with interrupted 5-0 chromic suture.  Dermabond was placed over this and bacitracin was placed on this once dry.  This ended the procedure.  ,DRAINS:,  None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,URINE OUTPUT:  ,Unrecorded.,COMPLICATIONS: , None apparent.,DISPOSITION:  ,The patient will now go under the care of Dr. XYZ, Plastic Surgery, for excision of scalp hemangioma.
Circumcision - 3 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision procedure in a baby

CIRCUMCISION,After informed consent was obtained the baby was placed on the circumcision tray.  He was prepped in a sterile fashion times 3 with Betadine and then draped in a sterile fashion.  Then 0.2 mL of 1% lidocaine was injected at 10 and 2 o'clock.  A ring block was also done using another 0.3 mL of lidocaine.  Glucose water is also used for anesthesia.  After several minutes the curved clamp was attached at 9 o'clock with care being taken to avoid the meatus.  The blunt probe was then introduced again with care taken to avoid the meatus.  After initial adhesions were taken down the straight clamp was introduced to break down further adhesions.  Care was taken to avoid the frenulum.  The clamps where then repositioned at 12 and 6 o'clock.  The Mogen clamp was then applied with a dorsal tilt.  After the clamp was applied for 1 minute the foreskin was trimmed.  After an additional minute the clamp was removed and the final adhesions were taken down.  Patient tolerated the procedure well with minimal bleeding noted.  Patient to remain for 20 minutes after procedure to insure no further bleeding is noted.,Routine care discussed with the family.  Need to clean the area with just water initially and later with soap and water or diaper wipes once healed.
Circumcision - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision in an older person

CIRCUMCISION - OLDER PERSON,OPERATIVE NOTE:,  The patient was taken to the operating room and placed in the supine position on the operating table.  General endotracheal anesthesia was administered.  The patient was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  A 4-0 silk suture is used as a stay-stitch of the glans penis.  Next, incision line was marked circumferentially on the outer skin 3 mm below the corona.  The incision was then carried through the skin and subcutaneous tissues down to within a layer of * fascia.  Next, the foreskin was retracted.  Another circumferential incision was made 3 mm proximal to the corona.  The intervening foreskin was excised.  Meticulous hemostasis was obtained with electrocautery.  Next, the skin was reapproximated at the frenulum with a U stitch of 5-0 chromic followed by stitches at 12, 3, and 9 o'clock.  The stitches were placed equal distance among these to reapproximate all the skin edges.  Next, good cosmetic result was noted with no bleeding at the end of the procedure.  Vaseline gauze, Telfa, and Elastoplast dressing was applied.  The stay-stitch was removed and pressure held until bleeding stopped.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was returned to the recovery room in stable condition.
Circumcision - 4 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Normal Circumcision

The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the Recovery Room in stable condition.
Circumcision - Child  
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision.  The child appeared to tolerate the procedure well.  Care instructions were given to the parents.

PROCEDURE: , Circumcision.,Signed informed consent was obtained and the procedure explained.,The child was placed in a Circumstraint board and restrained in the usual fashion.  The area of the penis and scrotum were prepared with povidone iodine solution.  The area was draped with sterile drapes, and the remainder of the procedure was done with sterile procedure.  A dorsal penile block was done using 2 injections of 0.3 cc each, 1% plain lidocaine.  A dorsal slit was made, and the prepuce was dissected away from the glans penis.  A ** Gomco clamp was properly placed for 5 minutes.  During this time, the foreskin was sharply excised using a #10 blade.  With removal of the clamp, there was a good cosmetic outcome and no bleeding.  The child appeared to tolerate the procedure well.  Care instructions were given to the parents.
Cholecystostomy Tube Placement 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Placement of cholecystostomy tube under ultrasound guidance.  Acute acalculous cholecystitis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acute acalculous cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute acalculous cholecystitis.,PROCEDURE:,  Placement of cholecystostomy tube under ultrasound guidance.,ANESTHESIA: , Xylocaine 1% With Epinephrine.,INDICATIONS: , Patient is a pleasant 75-year-old gentleman who is about one week status post an acute MI who also has acute cholecystitis.  Because it is not safe to take him to the operating room for general anesthetic, I recommended he undergo the above-named procedure.  Procedure, purpose, risks, expected benefits, potential complications, and alternative forms of therapy were discussed with him and he was agreeable to surgery.,TECHNIQUE: , Patient was identified, then taken to the Radiology suite, where the area of interest was identified using ultrasound and prepped with Betadine solution, draped in sterile fashion.  After infiltration with 1% Xylocaine and after multiple attempts, the gallbladder was finally cannulated by Dr. Kindred using the Cook 18-French needle.  The guidewire was then placed and via Seldinger technique, a 10-French pigtail catheter was placed within the gallbladder, secured using the Cook catheter method, and dressings were applied and patient was taken to recovery room in stable condition.
Circumcision - 2 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Circumcision procedure (neotal)

CIRCUMCISION - NEONATAL,PROCEDURE:,:  The procedure, risks and benefits were explained to the patient's mom, and a consent form was signed.  She is aware of the risk of bleeding, infection, meatal stenosis, excess or too little foreskin removed and the possible need for revision in the future.  The infant was placed on the papoose board.  The external genitalia were prepped with Betadine.  A penile block was performed with a 30-gauge needle and 1.5 mL of Nesacaine without epinephrine.,Next, the foreskin was clamped at the 12 o'clock position back to the appropriate proximal extent of the circumcision on the dorsum of the penis.  The incision was made.  Next, all the adhesions of the inner preputial skin were broken down.  The appropriate size bell was obtained and placed over the glans penis.  The Gomco clamp was then configured, and the foreskin was pulled through the opening of the Gomco.  The bell was then placed and tightened down.  Prior to do this, the penis was viewed circumferentially, and there was no excess of skin gathered, particularly in the area of the ventrum.  A blade was used to incise circumferentially around the bell.  The bell was removed.  There was no significant bleeding, and a good cosmetic result was evident with the appropriate amount of skin removed.,Vaseline gauze was then placed.  The little boy was given back to his mom.,PLAN:,  They have a new baby checkup in the near future with their primary care physician.  I will see them back on a p.r.n. basis if there are any problems with the circumcision.
Circumcision 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 The patient had spraying of urine and ballooning of the foreskin with voiding.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Phimosis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,  Phimosis.,OPERATIONS:,  Circumcision.,ANESTHESIA: , LMA.,EBL:,  Minimal.,FLUIDS: , Crystalloid.,BRIEF HISTORY: , This is a 3-year-old male, who was referred to us from Dr. X's office with phimosis.  The patient had spraying of urine and ballooning of the foreskin with voiding.  The urine seemed to have collected underneath the foreskin and then would slowly drip out.  Options such as dorsal slit, circumcision, watchful waiting by gently pulling the foreskin back were discussed.  Risk of anesthesia, bleeding, infection, pain, scarring, and expected complications were discussed.  The patient's family understood all the complications and wanted to proceed with the procedure.  Consent was obtained using interpreter.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:  ,The patient was brought to the OR and anesthesia was applied.  The patient was placed in supine position.  The patient was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  All the penile adhesions were released prior to the prepping.  The extra foreskin was marked off, 1 x 3 Gamco clamp was used.  Hemostasis was obtained after removing the extra foreskin using the Gamco clamp.,Using 5-0 Monocryl, 4 quadrant stitches were placed and horizontal mattress suturing was done.  There was excellent hemostasis.  Dermabond was applied.  The patient was brought to recovery at the end of the procedure in stable condition.