harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Fiberoptic bronchoscopy, diagnostic.  Hemoptysis and history of lung cancer.  Tumor occluding right middle lobe with friability.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1.  Hemoptysis.,2.  History of lung cancer.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Tumor occluding right middle lobe with friability.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,  Fiberoptic bronchoscopy, diagnostic.,LOCATION: , Endoscopy suite #4.,ANESTHESIA:,  General per Anesthesia Service.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , The patient presented to ABCD Hospital with a known history of lung cancer and acute hemoptysis with associated chest pain.  Due to her prior history, it was felt that she would benefit from diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy to help determine the etiology of the hemoptysis.  She was brought to endoscopy suite #4 and informed consent was obtained.  ,PROCEDURE DETAILS:  ,The patient was placed in the supine position and intubated by the Anesthesia Service.  Intravenous sedation was given as per Anesthesia.  The fiberoptic scope was passed through the #8 endotracheal tube into the main trachea.  The right mainstem bronchus was examined.  The right upper lobe and subsegments appeared grossly within normal limits with no endobronchial lesions noted.  Upon examining the right middle lobe, there was a tumor noted occluding the lateral segment of the right middle lobe and a clot appreciated over the medial segment of the right middle lobe.,The clot was lavaged with normal saline and there was noted to be tumor behind this clot.  Tumor completely occluded both segments of the right middle lobe.  Scope was then passed to the subsegments of the right lower lobe, which were individually examined and noted to be grossly free of endobronchial lesions.  Scope was pulled back to the level of the midtrachea, passed into the left mainstem bronchus.  Left upper lobe and its subsegments were examined and noted to be grossly free of endobronchial lesions.  The lingula and left lower subsegments were all each individually examined and noted to be grossly free of endobronchial lesions.  There were some secretions noted throughout the left lung.  The scope was retracted and passed again to the right mainstem bronchus.  The area of the right middle lobe was reexamined.  The tumor was noted to be grossly friable with oozing noted from the tumor with minimal manipulation.  It did not appear as if a scope or cannula could be passed distal to the tumor.  Due to continued oozing, 1 cc of epinephrine was applied topically with adequate hemostasis obtained.  The area was examined for approximately one minute for assurance of adequate hemostasis.  The scope was then retracted and the patient was sent to the recovery room in stable condition.  She will be extubated as per the Anesthesia Service.  Cytology and cultures were not sent due to the patient's known diagnosis.  Further recommendations are pending at this time.
External Cephalic Version 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 External cephalic version.  A 39-week intrauterine pregnancy with complete breech presentation.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , A 39-week intrauterine pregnancy with complete breech presentation.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  A 39-week intrauterine pregnancy in vertex presentation, status post successful external cephalic version.,PROCEDURE: , External cephalic version.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:  ,The patient was brought to Labor and Delivery where a reactive fetal heart tracing was obtained.  The patient was noted to have irregular contractions.  She was given 1 dose of subcutaneous terbutaline which resolved her contraction.  A bedside ultrasound was performed which revealed single intrauterine pregnancy and complete breech presentation.  There was noted to be adequate fluid.  Using manual pressure, the breech was manipulated in a forward roll fashion until a vertex presentation was obtained.  Fetal heart tones were checked intermittently during the procedure and were noted to be reassuring.  Following successful external cephalic version, the patient was placed on continuous external fetal monitoring.  She was noted to have a reassuring and reactive tracing for 1 hour following the external cephalic version.  She did not have regular contractions and therefore she was felt to be stable for discharge to home.  She was given appropriate labor instructions.
Facial Laceration Closure 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Left supraorbital deep complex facial laceration measuring 6x2 cm.  Plastic closure of deep complex facial laceration measuring 6x2 cm.  The patient is a 23-year-old male who was intoxicated and hit with an unknown object to his forehead.  The patient subjectively had loss of consciousness on the scene and minimal bleeding from the left supraorbital laceration site.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Left supraorbital deep complex facial laceration measuring 6x2 cm.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Left supraorbital deep complex facial laceration measuring 6x2 cm.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Plastic closure of deep complex facial laceration measuring 6x2 cm.,ANESTHESIA: , Local anesthesia with 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, total of 2 cc were used.,SPECIMENS: , None.,FINDINGS: , Deep complex left forehead laceration.,HISTORY: , The patient is a 23-year-old male who was intoxicated and hit with an unknown object to his forehead.  The patient subjectively had loss of consciousness on the scene and minimal bleeding from the left supraorbital laceration site.  He was brought to the Emergency Room, where a CAT scan of the head and facial bumps was performed, which were negative.,Prior to performing surgery informed consent was obtained from the patient who was well aware of the risks, benefits, alternatives and complications of the surgery to include infection, bleeding, cosmetic deformity, significant scarring, need for possible scar revision.  The patient was allowed to ask all questions he wanted, and they were answered in a language he could understand.  He wished to pursue surgery and signed the informed consent.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was placed in the supine position.  The wound was copiously irrigated with normal saline on irrigating tip.  After one liter of irrigation, the wound was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  The incision was then localized with a solution of 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, a total of less than 2 cc was used.  We then reapproximated the wound in double-layered fashion with deep sutures of #5-0 Vicryl, two interrupted sutures were used, and then the skin was closed with interrupted sutures of #5-0 nylon.  The wound came together very nicely.  Tincture of Benzoin was placed.  Steri-Strips were placed over the top and a small amount of bacitracin was placed over the Steri-Strips.  The patient tolerated the procedure well with no complications.
Eyelid Squamous Cell Carcinoma Excision 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Excision of right upper eyelid squamous cell carcinoma with frozen section and full-thickness skin grafting from the opposite eyelid.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right upper eyelid squamous cell carcinoma.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right upper eyelid squamous cell carcinoma.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Excision of right upper eyelid squamous cell carcinoma with frozen section and full-thickness skin grafting from the opposite eyelid.,COMPLICATIONS:  ,None.,BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,ANESTHESIA:,  Local with sedation.,INDICATION:,  The patient is a 65-year-old male with a large squamous cell carcinoma on his right upper eyelid, which had previous radiation.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operating room, laid supine, administered intravenous sedation, and prepped and draped in a sterile fashion.  He was anesthetized with a combination of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% Marcaine with Epinephrine on both upper eyelids.  The area of obvious scar tissue from the radiation for the squamous cell carcinoma on the right upper eyelid was completely excised down to the eyelid margin including resection of a few of the upper eye lashes.  This was extended essentially from the punctum to the lateral commissure and extended up on to the upper eyelid.  The resection was carried down through the orbicularis muscle resecting the pretarsal orbicularis muscle and the inferior portion of the preseptal orbicularis muscle leaving the tarsus intact and leaving the orbital septum intact.  Following complete resection, the patient was easily able to open and close his eyes as the levator muscle insertion was left intact to the tarsal plate.  The specimen was sent to pathology, which revealed only fibrotic tissue and no evidence of any residual squamous cell carcinoma.  Meticulous hemostasis was obtained with Bovie cautery and a full-thickness skin graft was taken from the opposite upper eyelid in a fashion similar to a blepharoplasty of the appropriate size for the defect in the right upper eyelid.  The left upper eyelid incision was closed with 6-0 fast-absorbing gut interrupted sutures, and the skin graft was sutured in place with 6-0 fast-absorbing gut interrupted sutures.  An eye patch was placed on the right side, and the patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to PACU in good condition.
Extensor Tendon Repair 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Left little finger extensor tendon laceration.  Repair of left little extensor tendon.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Left little finger extensor tendon laceration.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Left little finger extensor tendon laceration.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:  ,Repair of left little extensor tendon.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,ANESTHESIA: , Bier block.,INDICATIONS: , The patient is a 14-year-old right-hand dominant male who cut the back of his left little finger and had a small cut to his extensor tendon.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operative room, laid supine, administered intervenous sedation with Bier block and prepped and draped in a sterile fashion.  The old laceration was opened and the extensor tendon was identified and there was a small longitudinal laceration in the tendon, which is essentially in line with the tendon fibers.  This was just proximal to the PIP joint and on complete flexion of the PIP joint, I did separate just a little bit that was not thought to be significantly dynamically unstable.  It was sutured with a single 4-0 Prolene interrupted figure-of-eight suture and on dynamic motion it did not separate at all.  The wound was irrigated and closed with 5-0 nylon interrupted sutures.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to the PCU in good condition.
Exploratory Laparotomy & Hernia Repair 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Exploratory laparotomy, release of small bowel obstruction, and repair of periumbilical hernia.  Acute small bowel obstruction and incarcerated umbilical Hernia.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1.  Acute bowel obstruction.,2.  Umbilical hernia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1.  Acute small bowel obstruction.,2.  Incarcerated umbilical Hernia.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,1.  Exploratory laparotomy.,2.  Release of small bowel obstruction.,3.  Repair of periumbilical hernia.,ANESTHESIA: , General with endotracheal intubation.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,DISPOSITION: , The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to recovery in stable condition.,SPECIMEN: , Hernia sac.,HISTORY:  ,The patient is a 98-year-old female who presents from nursing home extended care facility with an incarcerated umbilical hernia, intractable nausea and vomiting and a bowel obstruction.  Upon seeing the patient and discussing in extent with the family, it was decided the patient needed to go to the operating room for this nonreducible umbilical hernia and bowel obstruction and the family agreed with surgery.,INTRAOPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The patient was found to have an incarcerated umbilical hernia.  There was a loop of small bowel incarcerated within the hernia sac.  It showed signs of ecchymosis, however no signs of any ischemia or necrosis.  It was easily reduced once opening the abdomen and the rest of the small bowel was ran without any other defects or abnormalities.,PROCEDURE: , After informed written consent, risks and benefits of the procedure were explained to the patient and the patient's family.  The patient was brought to the operating suite.  After general endotracheal intubation, prepped and draped in normal sterile fashion.  A midline incision was made around the umbilical hernia defect with a #10 blade scalpel.  Dissection was then carried down to the fascia.  Using a sharp dissection, an incision was made above the defect superior to the defect entering the fascia.  The abdomen was entered under direct visualization.  The small bowel that was entrapped within the hernia sac was easily reduced and observed and appeared to be ecchymotic, however, no signs of ischemia were noted or necrosis.  The remaining of the fascia was then extended using Metzenbaum scissors.  The hernia sac was removed using Mayo scissors and sent off as specimen.  Next, the bowel was run from the ligament of Treitz to the ileocecal valve with no evidence of any other abnormalities.  The small bowel was then milked down removing all the fluid.  The bowel was decompressed distal to the obstruction.  Once returning the abdominal contents to the abdomen, attention was next made in closing the abdomen and using #1 Vicryl suture in the figure-of-eight fashion the fascia was closed.  The umbilicus was then reapproximated to its anatomical position with a #1 Vicryl suture.  A #3-0 Vicryl suture was then used to reapproximate the deep dermal layers and skin staples were used on the skin.  Sterile dressings were applied.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to recovery in stable condition.
Excision - Skin Neoplasm  
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Excision of left upper cheek skin neoplasm and left lower cheek skin neoplasm with two-layer closure.  Shave excision of the right nasal ala skin neoplasm.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Enlarging nevus of the left upper cheek.,2.  Enlarging nevus 0.5 x 1 cm, left lower cheek.,3.  Enlarging superficial nevus 0.5 x 1 cm, right nasal ala.,TITLE OF PROCEDURES:,1.  Excision of left upper cheek skin neoplasm 0.5 x 1 cm with two layer closure.,2.  Excision of the left lower cheek skin neoplasm 0.5 x 1 cm with a two layer plastic closure.,3.  Shave excision of the right nasal ala 0.5 x 1 cm skin neoplasm.,ANESTHESIA:  ,Local.  I used a total of 5 mL of 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Less than 10 mL.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was evaluated preop and noted to be in stable condition.  Chart and informed consent were all reviewed preop.  All risks, benefits, and alternatives regarding the procedure have been reviewed in detail with the patient.  Risks including but not limited to bleeding, infection, scarring, recurrence of the lesion, need for further procedures have been all reviewed.  Each of these lesions appears to be benign nevi; however, they have been increasing in size.  The lesions involving the left upper and lower cheek appear to be deep.  These required standard excision with the smaller lesion of the right nasal ala being more superficial and amenable to a superficial shave excision.  Each of these lesions was marked.  The skin was cleaned with a sterile alcohol swab.  Local anesthetic was infiltrated.  Sterile prep and drape were then performed.,Began first excision of the left upper cheek skin lesion.  This was excised with the 15-blade full thickness.  Once it was removed in its entirety, undermining was performed, and the wound was closed with 5-0 myochromic for the deep subcutaneous, 5-0 nylon interrupted for the skin.,The lesion of the lower cheek was removed in a similar manner.  Again, it was excised with a 15 blade with two layer plastic closure.  Both these lesions appear to be fairly deep nevi.,The right nasal ala nevus was superficially shaved using the radiofrequency wave unit.  Each of these lesions was sent as separate specimens.  The patient was discharged from my office in stable condition.  He had minimal blood loss.  The patient tolerated the procedure very well.  Postop care instructions were reviewed in detail.  We have scheduled a recheck in one week and we will make further recommendations at that time.
Excision of Squamous Cell Carcinoma 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Re-excision of squamous cell carcinoma site, right hand.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Squamous cell carcinoma on the right hand, incompletely excised.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Squamous cell carcinoma on the right hand, incompletely excised.,NAME OF OPERATION: , Re-excision of squamous cell carcinoma site, right hand.,ANESTHESIA:,  Local with monitored anesthesia care.,INDICATIONS:,  Patient, 72,  status post excision of squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsum of the right hand at the base of the thumb.  The deep margin was positive.  Other margins were clear.  He was brought back for re-excision.,PROCEDURE:,  The patient was brought to the operating room and placed in the supine position.  He was given intravenous sedation.  The right hand was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  Three cubic centimeters of 1% Xylocaine mixed 50/50 with 0.5% Marcaine with epinephrine was instilled with local anesthetic around the site of the excision, and the site of the cancer was re-excised with an elliptical incision down to the extensor tendon sheath.  The tissue was passed off the field as a specimen.,The wound was irrigated with warm normal saline.  Hemostasis was assured with the electrocautery.  The wound was closed with running 3-0 nylon without complication.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to the recovery room in stable condition after a sterile dressing was applied.
Excision - Keratotic Neoplasm 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Excision of the left temple keratotic neoplasm and left nasolabial fold defect and right temple keratotic neoplasm.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Enlarging dark keratotic lesion of the left temple measuring 1 x 1 cm.,2.  Enlarging keratotic neoplasm of the left nasolabial fold measuring 0.5 x 0.5 cm.,3.  Enlarging seborrheic keratotic neoplasm of the right temple measuring 1 x 1 cm.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1.  Enlarging dark keratotic lesion of the left temple measuring 1 x 1 cm.,2.  Enlarging keratotic neoplasm of the left nasolabial fold measuring 0.5 x 0.5 cm.,3.  Enlarging seborrheic keratotic neoplasm of the right temple measuring 1 x 1 cm.,TITLE OF PROCEDURES:,1.  Excision of the left temple keratotic neoplasm, final defect 1.8 x 1.5 cm with two layer plastic closure.,2.  Excision of the left nasolabial fold defect 0.5 x 0.5 cm with single layer closure.,3.  Excision of the right temple keratotic neoplasm, final defect measuring 1.5 x 1.5 cm with two layer plastic closure.,ANESTHESIA: , Local using 3 mL of 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Less than 30 mL.,COMPLICATIONS:,  None.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was evaluated preoperatively and noted to be in stable condition.  Informed consent was obtained from the patient.  All risks, benefits and alternatives regarding the surgery have been reviewed in detail with the patient.  This includes risks of bleeding, infection, scarring, recurrence of lesion, need for further procedures, etc.  Each of the areas was cleaned with a sterile alcohol swab.  Planned excision site was marked with a marking pen.  Local anesthetic was infiltrated.  Sterile prep and drape were then performed.,We began first with excision of the left temple followed by the left nasolabial and right temple lesions.  The left temple lesion is noted to be a dark black what appears to be a keratotic or possible seborrheic keratotic neoplasm.  However, it is somewhat deeper than the standard seborrheic keratosis.  The incision for removal of this lesion was placed within the relaxed skin tension line of the left temple region.  Once this was removed, wide undermining was performed and the wound was closed in a two layer fashion using 5-0 myochromic for the deep subcutaneous and 5-0 nylon for the skin.,Excision of left cheek was a keratotic nevus.  It was excised with a defect 0.5 x 0.5 cm.  It was closed in a single layer fashion 5-0 nylon.,The lesion of the right temple also dark black keratotic neoplasm was excised with the incision placed within the relaxed skin tension.  Once it was excised full-thickness, the defect measure 1.5 x 1.5 cm.  Wide undermine was performed and it was closed in a two layer fashion using 5-0 myochromic for the deep subcutaneous, 5-0 nylon that was used to close skin.  Sterile dressing was applied afterwards.  The patient was discharged in stable condition.  Postop care instructions reviewed in detail.  She is scheduled with me in one week and we will make further recommendations at that time.
Excision - Soft Tissue Mass 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Excision of soft tissue mass on the right flank.  This 54-year-old male was evaluated in the office with a large right flank mass.  He would like to have this removed.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right flank subcutaneous mass.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right flank subcutaneous mass.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Excision of soft tissue mass on the right flank.,ANESTHESIA: , Sedation with local.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE:,  This 54-year-old male was evaluated in the office with a large right flank mass.  He would like to have this removed.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE:,  Consent was obtained after all risks and benefits were described.  The patient was brought back into the operating room.  The aforementioned anesthesia was given.  Once the patient was properly anesthetized, the area was prepped and draped in the sterile fashion.  With the area properly prepped and draped, a needle was used to localize the area directly above the mass on the patient's right flank.  Then a #10 blade scalpel was used to make the incision approximately 4 cm to 5 cm in length just above the mass.  The incision was extended down using electrocautery.  The excision then had a Allis clamp placed on it and was retracted using sharp dissection and electrocautery was used to dissect the mass off the muscle.  The mass was sent off to Pathology for investigation.  Hemostasis maintained with electrocautery and then the subcutaneous fascia was closed using a #3-0 Vicryl suture in interrupted fashion and the skin was reapproximated using a #4-0 undyed Vicryl suture in a running subcuticular fashion.  The patient's wound was cleaned.  Steri-Strips were placed and sterile dressings were placed on top of this.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and will reevaluate in the office in one week's time.