harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 3 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 CT of the abdomen and pelvis without contrast.

EXAM: , CT of the abdomen and pelvis without contrast.,HISTORY: , Lower abdominal pain.,FINDINGS:,  Limited views of the lung bases demonstrate linear density most likely representing dependent atelectasis.  There is a 1.6 cm nodular density at the left posterior sulcus.,Noncontrast technique limits evaluation of the solid abdominal organs.  Cardiomegaly and atherosclerotic calcifications are seen.,Hepatomegaly is observed.  There is calcification within the right lobe of the liver likely related to granulomatous changes.  Subtle irregularity of the liver contour is noted, suggestive of cirrhosis.  There is splenomegaly seen.  There are two low-attenuation lesions seen in the posterior aspect of the spleen, which are incompletely characterized that may represent splenic cyst.  The pancreas appears atrophic.  There is a left renal nodule seen, which measures 1.9 cm with a Hounsfield unit density of approximately 29, which is indeterminate.,There is mild bilateral perinephric stranding.  There is an 8-mm fat density lesion in the anterior inner polar region of the left kidney, compatible in appearance with angiomyolipoma.  There is a 1-cm low-attenuation lesion in the upper pole of the right kidney, likely representing a cyst, but incompletely characterized on this examination.  Bilateral ureters appear normal in caliber along their visualized course.  The bladder is partially distended with urine, but otherwise unremarkable.,Postsurgical changes of hysterectomy are noted.  There are pelvic phlebolith seen.  There is a calcified soft tissue density lesion in the right pelvis, which may represent an ovary with calcification, as it appears continuous with the right gonadal vein.,Scattered colonic diverticula are observed.  The appendix is within normal limits.  The small bowel is unremarkable.  There is an anterior abdominal wall hernia noted containing herniated mesenteric fat.  The hernia neck measures approximately 2.7 cm.  There is stranding of the fat within the hernia sac.,There are extensive degenerative changes of the right hip noted with changes suggestive of avascular necrosis.  Degenerative changes of the spine are observed.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Anterior abdominal wall hernia with mesenteric fat-containing stranding, suggestive of incarcerated fat.,2.  Nodule in the left lower lobe, recommend follow up in 3 months.,3.  Indeterminate left adrenal nodule, could be further assessed with dedicated adrenal protocol CT or MRI.,4.  Hepatomegaly with changes suggestive of cirrhosis.  There is also splenomegaly observed.,5.  Low-attenuation lesions in the spleen may represent cyst, that are incompletely characterized on this examination.,6.  Fat density lesion in the left kidney, likely represents angiomyolipoma.,7.  Fat density soft tissue lesion in the region of the right adnexa, this contains calcifications and may represent an ovary or possibly dermoid cyst.
CT Scan of Abdomen & Pelvis with Contrast 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast to evaluate abdominal pan.

EXAM: , CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast.,REASON FOR EXAM: , Abdominal pain.,COMPARISON EXAM: , None.,TECHNIQUE: , Multiple axial images of the abdomen and pelvis were obtained.  5-mm slices were acquired after injection of 125 cc of Omnipaque IV.  In addition, oral ReadiCAT was given.  Reformatted sagittal and coronal images were obtained.,DISCUSSION:,  There are numerous subcentimeter nodules seen within the lung bases.  The largest measures up to 6 mm.  No hiatal hernia is identified.  Consider chest CT for further evaluation of the pulmonary nodules.  The liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, and kidneys are within normal limits.  No dilated loops of bowel.  There are punctate foci of air seen within the nondependent portions of the peritoneal cavity as well as the anterior subcutaneous fat.  In addition, there is soft tissue stranding seen of the lower pelvis.  In addition, the uterus is not identified.  Correlate with history of recent surgery.  There is no free fluid or lymphadenopathy seen within the abdomen or pelvis.  The bladder is within normal limits for technique.,No acute bony abnormalities appreciated.  No suspicious osteoblastic or osteolytic lesions.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Postoperative changes seen within the pelvis without appreciable evidence for free fluid.,2.  Numerous subcentimeter nodules seen within the lung bases.  Consider chest CT for further characterization.
CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 5 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
  CT abdomen without contrast and pelvis without contrast, reconstruction.

EXAM: , CT abdomen without contrast and pelvis without contrast, reconstruction.,REASON FOR EXAM: , Right lower quadrant pain, rule out appendicitis.,TECHNIQUE:  ,Noncontrast CT abdomen and pelvis.  An intravenous line could not be obtained for the use of intravenous contrast material.,FINDINGS: , The appendix is normal.  There is a moderate amount of stool throughout the colon.  There is no evidence of a small bowel obstruction or evidence of pericolonic inflammatory process.  Examination of the extreme lung bases appear clear, no pleural effusions.  The visualized portions of the liver, spleen, adrenal glands, and pancreas appear normal given the lack of contrast.  There is a small hiatal hernia.  There is no intrarenal stone or evidence of obstruction bilaterally.  There is a questionable vague region of low density in the left anterior mid pole region, this may indicate a tiny cyst, but it is not well seen given the lack of contrast.  This can be correlated with a followup ultrasound if necessary.  The gallbladder has been resected.  There is no abdominal free fluid or pathologic adenopathy.  There is abdominal atherosclerosis without evidence of an aneurysm.,Dedicated scans of the pelvis disclosed phleboliths, but no free fluid or adenopathy.  There are surgical clips present.  There is a tiny airdrop within the bladder.  If this patient has not had a recent catheterization, correlate for signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection.,IMPRESSION:,1.Normal appendix.,2.Moderate stool throughout the colon.,3.No intrarenal stones.,4.Tiny airdrop within the bladder.  If this patient has not had a recent catheterization, correlate for signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection.  The report was faxed upon dictation.
CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 11 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Abnormal liver enzymes and diarrhea.  CT pelvis with contrast and ct abdomen with and without contrast.

EXAM: , CT pelvis with contrast and ct abdomen with and without contrast.,INDICATIONS:  ,Abnormal liver enzymes and diarrhea.,TECHNIQUE: , CT examination of the abdomen and pelvis was performed after 100 mL of intravenous contrast administration and oral contrast administration.  Pre-contrast images through the abdomen were also obtained.,COMPARISON:  ,There were no comparison studies.,FINDINGS:  ,The lung bases are clear.,The liver demonstrates mild intrahepatic biliary ductal dilatation.  These findings may be secondary to the patient's post cholecystectomy state.  The pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, and kidneys are unremarkable.,There is a 13 mm peripheral-enhancing fluid collection in the anterior pararenal space of uncertain etiology.  There are numerous nonspecific retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph nodes.  These may be reactive; however, an early neoplastic process would be difficult to totally exclude.,There is a right inguinal hernia containing a loop of small bowel.  This may produce a partial obstruction as there is mild fluid distention of several small bowel loops, particularly in the right lower quadrant.  The large bowel demonstrates significant diverticulosis coli of the sigmoid and distal descending colon without evidence of diverticulitis.,There is diffuse osteopenia along with significant degenerative changes in the lower lumbar spine.,The urinary bladder is unremarkable.  The uterus is not visualized.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Right inguinal hernia containing small bowel.  Partial obstruction is suspected.,2.  Nonspecific retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph nodes.,3.  Thirteen millimeter of circumscribed fluid collection in the anterior pararenal space of uncertain etiology.,4.  Diverticulosis without evidence of diverticulitis.,5.  Status post cholecystectomy with mild intrahepatic biliary ductal dilatation.,6.  Osteopenia and degenerative changes of the spine and pelvis.
CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 2 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis without and with intravenous contrast.

EXAM: , CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis without and with intravenous contrast.,CLINICAL INDICATION: , Left lower quadrant abdominal pain.,COMPARISON: , None.,FINDINGS: , CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis was performed without and with intravenous contrast.  Total of 100 mL of Isovue was administered intravenously.  Oral contrast was also administered.,The lung bases are clear.  The liver is enlarged and decreased in attenuation.  There are no focal liver masses.,There is no intra or extrahepatic ductal dilatation.,The gallbladder is slightly distended.,The adrenal glands, pancreas, spleen, and left kidney are normal.,A 12-mm simple cyst is present in the inferior pole of the right kidney.  There is no hydronephrosis or hydroureter.,The appendix is normal.,There are multiple diverticula in the rectosigmoid.  There is evidence of focal wall thickening in the sigmoid colon (image #69) with adjacent fat stranding in association with a diverticulum.  These findings are consistent with diverticulitis.  No pneumoperitoneum is identified.  There is no ascites or focal fluid collection.,The aorta is normal in contour and caliber.,There is no adenopathy.,Degenerative changes are present in the lumbar spine.,IMPRESSION: , Findings consistent with diverticulitis.  Please see report above.
CT Abdomen & Pelvis 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 CT Abdomen & Pelvis W&WO Contrast

EXAM:,  CT Abdomen & Pelvis W&WO Contrast, ,REASON FOR EXAM: , Status post aortobiiliac graft repair. , ,TECHNIQUE: , 5 mm spiral thick spiral CT scanning was performed through the entire abdomen and pelvis utilizing intravenous dynamic bolus contrast enhancement.  No oral or rectal contrast was utilized.  Comparison is made with the prior CT abdomen and pelvis dated 10/20/05.  There has been no significant change in size of the abdominal aortic aneurysm centered roughly at the renal artery origin level which has dimensions of 3.7 cm transversely x 3.4 AP.  Just below this level is the top of the endoluminal graft repair with numerous surrounding surgical clips.  The size of the native aneurysm component at this level is stable at 5.5 cm in diameter with mural thrombus surrounding the enhancing endolumen.  There is no abnormal entrance of contrast agent into the mural thrombus to indicate an endoluminal leak.  Further distally, there is extension of the graft into both proximal common iliac arteries without evidence for endoluminal leak at this level either.  No exoluminal leakage is identified at any level.  There is no retroperitoneal hematoma present.  The findings are unchanged from the prior exam.  ,The liver, spleen, pancreas, adrenals and right kidney are unremarkable with moderate diffuse atrophy of the pancreas present.  There is advanced atrophy of the left kidney.  No hydronephrosis is present.  No acute findings are identified elsewhere in the abdomen. ,The lung bases are clear. ,Concerning the remainder of the pelvis, no acute pathology is identified.  There is prominent streak artifact from the left total hip replacement.  There is diffuse moderate sigmoid diverticulosis without evidence for diverticulitis.  The bladder grossly appears normal.  A hysterectomy has been performed.  ,IMPRESSION:,1.  No complications identified regarding endoluminal aortoiliac graft repair as described.  The findings are stable compared to the study of 10/20/04.  ,2.  Stable mild aneurysm of aortic aneurysm, centered roughly at renal artery level.  ,3.  No other acute findings noted. ,4.  Advanced left renal atrophy.
CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 10 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Evaluate for retroperitoneal hematoma, the patient has been following, is currently on Coumadin.  CT abdomen without contrast and CT pelvis without contrast.

CT ABDOMEN WITHOUT CONTRAST AND CT PELVIS WITHOUT CONTRAST,REASON FOR EXAM: , Evaluate for retroperitoneal hematoma, the patient has been following, is currently on Coumadin.,CT ABDOMEN: , There is no evidence for a retroperitoneal hematoma.,The liver, spleen, adrenal glands, and pancreas are unremarkable.  Within the superior pole of the left kidney, there is a 3.9 cm cystic lesion.  A 3.3 cm cystic lesion is also seen within the inferior pole of the left kidney.  No calcifications are noted.  The kidneys are small bilaterally.,CT PELVIS: , Evaluation of the bladder is limited due to the presence of a Foley catheter, the bladder is nondistended.  The large and small bowels are normal in course and caliber.  There is no obstruction.,Bibasilar pleural effusions are noted.,IMPRESSION:,1. No evidence for retroperitoneal bleed.,2. There are two left-sided cystic lesions within the kidney, correlation with a postcontrast study versus further characterization with an ultrasound is advised as the cystic lesions appear slightly larger as compared to the prior exam.,3. The kidneys are small in size bilaterally.,4. Bibasilar pleural effusions.
CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 1 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 CT Abdomen and Pelvis with contrast 

EXAM: , CT Abdomen and Pelvis with contrast ,REASON FOR EXAM:, Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea for one day.  Fever.  Right upper quadrant pain for one day.  ,COMPARISON: , None. ,TECHNIQUE:,  CT of the abdomen and pelvis performed without and with approximately 54 ml Isovue 300 contrast enhancement.  ,CT ABDOMEN: , Lung bases are clear.  The liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and bilateral adrenal/kidneys are unremarkable.  The aorta is normal in caliber.  There is no retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy.  ,CT PELVIS: , The appendix is visualized along its length and is diffusely unremarkable with no surrounding inflammatory change.  Per CT, the colon and small bowel are unremarkable.  The bladder is distended.  No free fluid/air.  Visualized osseous structures demonstrate no definite evidence for acute fracture, malalignment, or dislocation.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Unremarkable exam; specifically no evidence for acute appendicitis. ,2.  No acute nephro-/ureterolithiasis. ,3.  No secondary evidence for acute cholecystitis.,Results were communicated to the ER at the time of dictation.
Chronic Kidney Disease Followup 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Chronic kidney disease, stage IV, secondary to polycystic kidney disease.  Hypertension, which is finally better controlled.  Metabolic bone disease and anemia.

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , This is a followup for this 69-year-old African American gentleman with stage IV chronic kidney disease secondary to polycystic kidney disease.  His creatinine has ranged between 4 and 4.5 over the past 6 months, since I have been following him.  I have been trying to get him educated about end-stage kidney disease and we have been unsuccessful in getting him into classes.  On his last visit, I really stressed the importance of him taking his medications adequately and not missing some of the doses, and he returns today with much better blood pressure control.  He has also brought a machine at home, and states his blood pressure readings have been better.  He has not gone to the transplant orientation class yet and has not been to dialysis education yet, and both of these I have discussed with him in the past.  He also needs followup for his elevated PSA in the past, which has not been done for over 2 years and will likely need cardiac clearance if we ever are able to evaluate him for transplant.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , Really negative.  He continues to feel well.  He denies any problems with shortness of breath, chest pain, swelling in his legs, nausea or vomiting, and his appetite remains good.,CURRENT MEDICATIONS:,1.  Vytorin 10/40 mg one a day.,2.  Rocaltrol 0.25 micrograms a day.,3.  Carvedilol 12.5 mg twice a day.,4.  Cozaar 50 mg twice a day.,5.  Lasix 40 mg a day.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,VITAL SIGNS:  On exam, his blood pressure is 140/57, pulse 58, current weight is 67.1 kg, and again his blood pressure is markedly improved over his previous readings.  GENERAL:  He is a thin African American gentleman in no distress.  LUNGS:  Clear.  CARDIOVASCULAR:  Regular rate and rhythm.  Normal S1 and S2.  I did not appreciate a murmur.  ABDOMEN:  Soft.  He has a very soft systolic murmur at the left lower sternal border.  No rubs or gallops.  EXTREMITIES:  No significant edema.,LABORATORY DATA: , Today indicates that his creatinine is 4.5 and stable, ionized calcium 8.5, intact PTH 458, and hemoglobin stable at 10.9.  He is not on EPO yet.  His UA has been negative.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Chronic kidney disease, stage IV, secondary to polycystic kidney disease.  His estimated GFR is 16 mL per minute.  He has no uremic symptoms.,2.  Hypertension, which is finally better controlled.,3.  Metabolic bone disease.,4.  Anemia.,RECOMMENDATION:,  He needs a number of things done in terms of followup and education.  I gave him more information again about dialysis education and transplant, and instructed him he needs to go to these classes.  I also gave him websites that he can get on to find out more information.  I have not made any changes in his medications.  He is getting blood work done prior to his next visit with me.  I will check a PSA on him but he needs to get back into see urology, as his last PSA that I see was 37 and this was from 02/05.  He will see me back in about 4 to 6 weeks.
Consult - Hydronephrosis 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Marked right hydronephrosis without hydruria. 

CHIEF COMPLAINT:,  Right hydronephrosis.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a 56-year-old female who has a history of uterine cancer, breast cancer, mesothelioma.  She is scheduled to undergo mastectomy in two weeks.  In September 1999, she was diagnosed with right breast cancer and underwent lumpectomy and axillary node dissection and radiation.  Again, she is scheduled for mastectomy in two weeks.  She underwent a recent PET scan for Dr. X, which revealed marked hydronephrosis on the right possibly related to right UPJ obstruction and there is probably a small nonobstructing stone in the upper pole of the right kidney.  There was no dilation of the right ureter noted.  Urinalysis today is microscopically negative.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: , Uterine cancer, mesothelioma, breast cancer, diabetes, hypertension.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: , Lumpectomy, hysterectomy.,MEDICATIONS:,  Diovan HCT 80/12.5 mg daily, metformin 500 mg daily.,ALLERGIES:,  None.,FAMILY HISTORY: , Noncontributory.,SOCIAL HISTORY:,  She is retired.  Does not smoke or drink.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,  I have reviewed his review of systems sheet and it is on the chart.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,  Please see the physical exam sheet I completed.  Abdomen is soft, nontender, nondistended, no palpable masses, no CVA tenderness.,IMPRESSION AND PLAN: , Marked right hydronephrosis without hydruria.  She believes she had a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis at Hospital in 2005.  I will try to obtain the report to see if the right kidney was evaluated at that time.  She will need evaluation with an IVP and renal scan to determine the point of obstruction and renal function of the right kidney.  She is quite anxious about her upcoming surgery and would like to delay any evaluation of this until the surgery is completed.  She will call us back to schedule the x-rays.  She understands the great importance and getting back in touch with us to schedule these x-rays due to the possibility that it may be somehow related to the cancer.  There is also a question of a stone present in the kidney.  She voiced a complete understanding of that and will call us after she recovers from her surgery to schedule these tests.
Chronic Kidney Disease - Followup 
Medical specialty:  Nephrology
 Followup on chronic kidney disease.

REASON FOR VISIT:,  Followup on chronic kidney disease.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:,  The patient is a 78-year-old gentleman with stage III chronic kidney disease who on his last visit with me presented with classic anginal symptoms.  He was admitted to hospital and found to have an acute myocardial infarction.  He had a complex hospital course, which resulted in cardiac catheterization and two stents being placed.  His creatinine did pop above up to 3 but then came back to baseline.  His hospital stay was also complicated by urinary retention requiring a catheter and Flomax.  He returns today to re-establish care.  Of note, he was noted to have atrial fibrillation while hospitalized and had massive epistaxis.,ALLERGIES:,  None.,MEDICATIONS: , Starlix 120 mg b.i.d., Compazine b.i.d., aspirin 81 mg daily, Plavix 75 mg daily, glipizide 15 mg b.i.d., multivitamin daily, potassium 10 mEq daily, Cozaar 25 mg daily, Prilosec 20 mg daily, digoxin 0.125 mg every other day, vitamin C 250 mg daily, ferrous sulphate 325 mg b.i.d., metoprolol 6.25 mg daily, Lasix 80 mg b.i.d., Flomax 0.4 mg daily, Zocor 80 mg daily, and Tylenol p.r.n.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,1.  Stage III CKD with baseline creatinine in the 2 range.,2.  Status post MI on May 30, 2006.,3.  Coronary artery disease status post stents of the circumflex.,4.  Congestive heart failure.,5.  Atrial fibrillation.,6.  COPD.,7.  Diabetes.,8.  Anemia.,9.  Massive epistaxis.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,  Cardiovascular:  No chest pain.  He has occasional dyspnea on exertion.  No orthopnea.  No PND.  He has occasional edema of his right leg.  He has been dizzy and his dose of metoprolol has been gradually decreased.  GU:  No hematuria, foamy urine, pyuria, frequency, dysuria, weak stream or dribbling.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , VITAL SIGNS:  Pulse 70.  Blood pressure 114/58.  Weight 79.5 kg.  GENERAL:  He is in no apparent distress.  HEART:  Irregularly irregular.  No murmurs, rubs, or gallops.  LUNGS:  Clear bilaterally.  ABDOMEN:  Soft, nontender, and nondistended.  EXTREMITIES:  Trace edema on the right.,LABORATORY DATA: , Dated 07/05/06, hematocrit is 30.2, platelets 380, sodium 139, potassium 4.9, chloride 100, CO2 28, BUN 38, creatinine 2.2, glucose 226, calcium 9.7, and albumin 3.7.,IMPRESSION:,1.  Stage III chronic kidney disease with return to baseline GFR of 31 mL/min.  He is on an ARB.,2.  Coronary artery disease, status post stenting.,3.  Hypertension.  Blood pressures are on the low side at present.  I hesitate to increase his Cozaar although I would do this if tolerated in the future.,4.  Anemia of renal disease.  He is to start Aranesp.,5.  ? Atrial fibrillation.  We discussed anticoagulation issues involved with chronic Afib.  He may be popping in and out or this could just be a sinus arrhythmia.,PLAN:,1.  Check EKG.,2.  Start Aranesp 60 mcg every two weeks.,3.  Otherwise see him in four months.,4.  If EKG shows atrial fibrillation, I wanted to talk to Dr. XYZ about Coumadin.