harishnair04/mtsamples huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 2 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1.  Cholelithiasis.,2.  Chronic cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1.  Cholelithiasis.,2.  Chronic cholecystitis.,NAME OF OPERATION: , Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,ANESTHESIA:,  General.,FINDINGS:,  The gallbladder was thickened and showed evidence of chronic cholecystitis.  There was a great deal of inflammatory reaction around the cystic duct.  The cystic duct was slightly larger.  There was a stone impacted in the cystic duct with the gallbladder.  The gallbladder contained numerous stones which were small.  With the stone impacted in the cystic duct, it was felt that probably none were within the common duct.  Other than rather marked obesity, no other significant findings were noted on limited exploration of the abdomen.,PROCEDURE:,  Under general anesthesia after routine prepping and draping, the abdomen was insufflated with the Veress needle, and the standard four trocars were inserted uneventfully.  Inspection was made for any entry problems, and none were encountered.,After limited exploration, the gallbladder was then retracted superiorly and laterally, and the cystic duct was dissected out.  This was done with some difficulty due to the fibrosis around the cystic duct, but care was taken to avoid injury to the duct and to the common duct.  In this manner, the cystic duct and cystic artery were dissected out.  Care was taken to be sure that the duct that was identified went into the gallbladder and was the cystic duct.  The cystic duct and cystic artery were then doubly clipped and divided, taking care to avoid injury to the common duct.  The gallbladder was then dissected free from the gallbladder bed.  Again, the gallbladder was somewhat adherent to the gallbladder bed due to previous inflammatory reaction.  The gallbladder was dissected free from the gallbladder bed utilizing the endo shears and the cautery to control bleeding.  The gallbladder was extracted through the operating trocar site, and the trocar was reinserted.  Inspection was made of the gallbladder bed.  One or two bleeding areas were fulgurated, and bleeding was well controlled.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 2 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Appendicitis.  Laparoscopic appendectomy. Infraumbilical incision was performed and taken down to the fascia.  The fascia was incised.  The peritoneal cavity was carefully entered.  Two other ports were placed in the right and left lower quadrants.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Appendicitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Laparoscopic appendectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:,  Minimal.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , The patient was prepped and draped in sterile fashion.  Infraumbilical incision was performed and taken down to the fascia.  The fascia was incised.  The peritoneal cavity was carefully entered.  Two other ports were placed in the right and left lower quadrants.  The appendix was readily identified, and the base of the appendix as well as the mesoappendix was divided with the Endo GIA stapler and brought out through the umbilical wound with the Endocatch bag.,All hemostasis was further reconfirmed.  No leakage of enteral contents was noted.  All trocars were removed under direct visualization.  The umbilical fascia was closed with interrupted 0 Vicryl sutures.  The skin was closed with 4-0 Monocryl subcuticular stitch and dressed with Steri-Strips and 4 x 4's.  The patient was extubated and taken to the recovery area in stable condition.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 5 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopic appendectomy.  The patient is a 42-year-old female who presented with right lower quadrant pain.  She was evaluated and found to have a CT evidence of appendicitis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Laparoscopic appendectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal.,INDICATION FOR OPERATION: , The patient is a 42-year-old female who presented with right lower quadrant pain.  She was evaluated and found to have a CT evidence of appendicitis.  She was subsequently consented for a laparoscopic appendectomy.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , After informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the operating room, placed supine on the table.  The abdomen was prepared and draped in usual sterile fashion.  After the induction of satisfactory general endotracheal anesthesia, supraumbilical incision was made.  A Veress needle was inserted.  Abdomen was insufflated to 15 mmHg.  A 5-mm port and camera placed.  The abdomen was visually explored.  There were no obvious abnormalities.  A 15-mm port was placed in the suprapubic position in addition of 5 mm was placed in between the 1st two.  Blunt dissection was used to isolate the appendix.  Appendix was separated from surrounding structures.  A window was created between the appendix and the mesoappendix.  GIA stapler was tossed across it and fired.  Mesoappendix was then taken with 2 fires of the vascular load on the GIA stapler.  Appendix was placed in an Endobag and removed from the patient.  Right lower quadrant was copiously irrigated.  All irrigation fluids were removed.  Hemostasis was verified.  The 15-mm port was removed and the port site closed with 0-Vicryl in the Endoclose device.  All other ports were irrigated, infiltrated with 0.25% Marcaine and closed with 4-0 Vicryl subcuticular sutures.  Steri-Strips and sterile dressings were applied.  Overall, the patient tolerated this well, was awakened and returned to recovery in good condition.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Ruptured appendicitis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Acute appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Ruptured appendicitis.,PROCEDURE:,  Laparoscopic appendectomy.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE:,  This patient is a 4-year-old boy with less than 24-hour history of apparent right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with vomiting and fevers.  The patient has elevated white count on exam and CT scan consistent with acute appendicitis.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operating room, placed supine, put under general endotracheal anesthesia.  The patient's abdomen was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  A periumbilical incision was made.  The fascia was incised.  Peritoneal cavity entered bluntly.  A 10-mm trocar and scope was passed.  Peritoneal cavity was insufflated.  Five-mm ports placed in left lower and hypogastric areas.  On visualization of the right lower quadrant, appendix was visualized stuck against the right anterior abdominal wall, there is obvious site of perforation and leakage of content and pus.  We proceeded to take the mesoappendix down to the base, and once the base was free, we placed GIA stapler across the base, fired the stapler, removed the appendix through the periumbilical port site.  We irrigated and suctioned out the right lower and pelvic areas.  We then removed the ports under direct visualization, closed the periumbilical port site fascia with 0 Vicryl, all skin incisions with 5-0 Monocryl, and dressed with Steri-Strips.  The patient was extubated in the operating table and taken back to recovery room.  The patient tolerated the procedure well.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Laparoscopic appendectomy.  Acute appendicitis.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute appendicitis.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE:,  Laparoscopic appendectomy.,INTRAOPERATIVE FINDINGS: , Include inflamed, non-perforated appendix.,OPERATIVE NOTE:  ,The patient was seen by me in the preoperative holding area.  The risks of the procedure were explained.  She was taken to the operating room and given perioperative antibiotics prior to coming to the surgery.  General anesthesia was carried out without difficulty and a Foley catheter was inserted.  The left arm was tucked and the abdomen was prepped with Betadine and draped in sterile fashion.  A 5-mm blunt port was inserted infra-umbilically at the level of the umbilicus under direct vision of a 5-mm 0-degree laparoscope.  Once we were inside the abdominal cavity, CO2 was instilled to attain an adequate pneumoperitoneum.  A left lower quadrant 5-mm port was placed under direct vision and a 12-mm port in the suprapubic region.  The 5-mm scope was introduced at the umbilical port and the appendix was easily visualized.  The base of the cecum was acutely inflamed but not perforated.  I then was easily able to grasp the mesoappendix and create a window between the base of the mesoappendix and the base of the appendix.  The window is big enough to get an Endo GIA blue cartridge through it and fired across the base of the mesoappendix without difficulty.  I reloaded with a red vascular cartridge, came across the mesoappendix without difficulty.  I then placed the appendix in an Endobag and brought out through the suprapubic port without difficulty.  I reinserted the suprapubic port and irrigated out the right lower quadrant until dry.  One final inspection revealed no bleeding from the staple line.  We then removed all ports under direct vision, and there was no bleeding from the abdominal trocar sites.  The pneumoperitoneum was then deflated and the suprapubic fascial defect was closed with 0-Vicryl suture.  The skin incision was injected with 0.25% Marcaine and closed with 4-0 Monocryl suture.  Steri-strips and sterile dressings were applied.  No complications.  Minimal blood loss.  Specimen is the appendix.  Brought to the recovery room in stable condition.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 3 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Appendicitis.  Laparoscopic appendectomy.   CO2 insufflation was done to a maximum pressure of 15 mmHg and a 12-mm VersaStep port was placed through his umbilicus.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,  Appendicitis. ,PROCEDURE: , Laparoscopic appendectomy. ,ANESTHESIA: , General with endotracheal intubation. ,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:  ,The patient was taken to the operating room and placed supine on the operating room table.  General anesthesia was administered with endotracheal intubation.  His abdomen was prepped and draped in a standard, sterile surgical fashion.  A Foley catheter was placed for bladder decompression.  Marcaine was injected into his umbilicus.  A small incision was made.  A Veress needle was introduced in his abdomen.  CO2 insufflation was done to a maximum pressure of 15 mmHg and a 12-mm VersaStep port was placed through his umbilicus.  A 5-mm port was then placed just to the right side of the umbilicus.  Another 5-mm port was placed just suprapubic in the midline.  Upon inspection of the cecum, I was able find an inflamed and indurated appendix.  I was able to clear the mesentery at the base of the appendix between the appendix and the cecum.  I fired a white load stapler across the appendix at its base and fired a grey load stapler across the mesentery, and thereby divided the mesentery and freed the appendix.  I put the appendix in an Endocatch bag and removed it through the umbilicus.  I irrigated out the abdomen.  I then closed the fascia of the umbilicus with interrupted 0 Vicryl suture utilizing Carter-Thomason and closed the skin of all incisions with a running Monocryl.  Sponge, instrument, and needle counts were correct at the end of the case.  The patient tolerated the procedure well without any complications.
Lap Band Adjustment 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Patient status post lap band placement.

REASON FOR VISIT:,  Lap band adjustment.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:,  Ms. A is status post lap band placement back in 01/09 and she is here on a band adjustment.  Apparently, she had some problems previously with her adjustments and apparently she has been under a lot of stress.  She was in a car accident a couple of weeks ago and she has problems, she does not feel full.  She states that she is not really hungry but she does not feel full and she states that she is finding when she is hungry at night, having difficulty waiting until the morning and that she did mention that she had a candy bar and that seemed to make her feel better.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , On exam, her temperature is 98, pulse 76, weight 197.7 pounds, blood pressure 102/72, BMI is 38.5, she has lost 3.8 pounds since her last visit.  She was alert and oriented in no apparent distress.  ,PROCEDURE:  ,I was able to access her port.  She does have an AP standard low profile.  I aspirated 6 mL, I did add 1 mL, so she has got approximately 7 mL in her band, she did tolerate water postprocedure.,ASSESSMENT:,  The patient is status post lap band adjustments, doing well, has a total of 7 mL within her band, tolerated water postprocedure.  She will come back in two weeks for another adjustment as needed.,
Knee Arthroscopy & Medial Meniscoplasty 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Arthroscopy of the left knee with medial meniscoplasty.  Internal derangement, left knee. Displaced bucket-handle tear of medial meniscus, left knee.

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Internal derangement, left knee.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Internal derangement, left knee.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,  Arthroscopy of the left knee with medial meniscoplasty.,ANESTHESIA:  ,LMA.,GROSS FINDINGS: , Displaced bucket-handle tear of medial meniscus, left knee.,PROCEDURE: , After informed consent was obtained, the patient was taken to ABCD General Hospital Operating Room #1 where anesthesia was administered by the Department of Anesthesiology.  The patient was then transferred to the operating room table in supine position with Johnson knee holder well-padded.  Tourniquet was placed around the left upper thigh.  The limb was then prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  Standard anteromedial and anterolateral arthroscopy portals were obtained and a systematic examination of the knee was then performed.  Patellofemoral joint showed frequent chondromalacia.  Examination of the medial compartment showed a displaced bucket-handle tear of the medial meniscus involving the entire posterior, parietal, and portion of his anterior portion of the medial meniscus.  The medial femoral condyle and medial tibial plateau were unaffected.  Intercondylar notch examination revealed an intact ACL and PCL stable to drawer testing and probing and the lateral compartment showed an intact lateral meniscus.  The femoral condyle and tibial plateau were all stable to probing.  Attention was then directed back to the medial compartment where the detached portion of the meniscus was excised using arthroscopy scissors.  A shaver was then used to smooth all the edges until the margins were stable to probing.,The knee was then flushed with normal saline and suctioned dry.  20 cc of 0.25% Marcaine was injected into the knee and into the arthroscopy portals.  A dressing consisting of Adaptic, 4x4s, ABDs, and Webril were applied followed by a TED hose.  The patient was then transferred to the recovery room in stable condition.
Knee Arthroscopy - 1 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Arthroscopic procedure of the knee.

PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , After written consent was obtained from the patient, the patient was brought back into the operating room and identified.  The patient was placed in the operating room table in supine position and given general anesthetic.,Ancef 1 g was given for infectious prophylaxis.  Once the patient was under general anesthesia, the knee was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion.  Once the knee was fully prepped and draped, then we made 2 standard portals medial and lateral.  Through the lateral portal, the camera was placed.  Through the medial portal, tools were placed.  We proceeded to examine scarring of the patellofemoral joint.  Then we probed the patellofemoral joint.  A chondroplasty was performed using a shaver.  Then we moved down to the lateral gutter.  Some loose bodies were found using a shaver and dissection.  We moved down the medial gutter.  No plica was found.,We moved into the medial joint; we found that the medial meniscus was intact.  We moved to the lateral joint and found that the lateral meniscus was intact.  Pictures were taken.  We drained the knee and washed out the knee with copious amounts of sterile saline solution.  The instruments were removed.  The 2 portals were closed using 3-0 nylon suture.  Xeroform, 4 x 4s, Kerlix x2, and TED stocking were placed.  The patient was successfully extubated and brought to the recovery room in stable condition.  I then spoke with the family going over the case, postoperative instructions, and followup care.
Laminectomy & Discectomy & Facetectomy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Revision laminectomy L5-S1, discectomy L5-S1, right medial facetectomy, preparation of disk space and arthrodesis with interbody graft with BMP.  Status post previous lumbar surgery for herniated disk with severe recurrence of axial back pain, failed conservative therapy.

TITLE OF OPERATION: , Revision laminectomy L5-S1, discectomy L5-S1, right medial facetectomy, preparation of disk space and arthrodesis with interbody graft with BMP.,INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY:  ,Please refer to medical record, but in short, the patient is a 43-year-old male known to me, status post previous lumbar surgery for herniated disk with severe recurrence of axial back pain, failed conservative therapy.  Risks and benefits of surgery were explained in detail including risk of bleeding, infection, stroke, heart attack, paralysis, need for further surgery, hardware failure, persistent symptoms, and death.  This list was inclusive, but not exclusive.  An informed consent was obtained after all patient's questions were answered.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:  ,Severe lumbar spondylosis L5-S1, collapsed disk space, hypermobility, and herniated disk posteriorly.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Severe lumbar spondylosis L5-S1, collapsed disk space, hypermobility, and herniated disk posteriorly.,ANESTHESIA: , General anesthesia and endotracheal tube intubation.,DISPOSITION: , The patient to PACU with stable vital signs.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:  ,The patient was taken to the operating room.  After adequate general anesthesia with endotracheal tube intubation was obtained, the patient was placed prone on the Jackson table.  Lumbar spine was shaved, prepped, and draped in the usual sterile fashion.  An incision was carried out from L4 to S1.  Hemostasis was obtained with bipolar and Bovie cauterization.  A Weitlaner was placed in the wound and a subperiosteal dissection was carried out identifying the lamina of L4, L5, and sacrum.  At this time, laminectomy was carried out of L5-S1.  Thecal sac was retracted rightward and the foramen was opened and unilateral medial facetectomy was carried out in the disk space.  At this time, the disk was entered with a #15 blade and bipolar.  The disk was entered with straight up and down-biting pituitaries, curettes, and the high speed drill and we were able to takedown calcified herniated disk.  We were able to reestablish the disk space, it was very difficult, required meticulous dissection and then drilling with a diamond bur in the disk space underneath the spinal canal, very carefully holding the spinal canal out of harm's way as well as the exiting nerve root.  Once this was done, we used rasps to remove more disk material anteriorly and under the midline to the left side and then we put in interbody graft of BMP 8 mm graft from Medtronic.  At this time, Dr. X will dictate the posterolateral fusion, pedicle screw fixation to L4 to S1 with compression and will dictate the closure of the wound.  There were no complications.
Keller Bunionectomy 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Procedure note on Keller Bunionectomy

PROCEDURE: , Keller Bunionectomy.,For informed consent, the more common risks, benefits, and alternatives to the procedure were thoroughly discussed with the patient.  An appropriate consent form was signed, indicating that the patient understands the procedure and its possible complications.,This 59 year-old female was brought to the operating room and placed on the surgical table in a supine position.  Following anesthesia, the surgical site was prepped and draped in the normal sterile fashion.,Attention was then directed to the right foot where, utilizing a # 15 blade, a 6 cm. linear incision was made over the 1st metatarsal head, taking care to identify and retract all vital structures.  The incision was medial to and parallel to the extensor hallucis longus tendon.  The incision was deepened through subcutaneous underscored, retracted medially and laterally - thus exposing the capsular structures below, which were incised in a linear longitudinal manner, approximately the length of the skin incision.  The capsular structures were sharply underscored off the underlying osseous attachments, retracted medially and laterally.,Utilizing an osteotome and mallet, the exostosis was removed, and the head was remodeled with the Liston bone forceps and the bell rasp.  The surgical site was then flushed with saline.  The base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe was osteotomized approximately 1 cm. distal to the base and excised to toto from the surgical site.,Superficial closure was accomplished using Vicryl 5-0 in a running subcuticular fashion.  Site was dressed with a light compressive dressing.  The tourniquet was released.  Excellent capillary refill to all the digits was observed without excessive bleeding noted.,ANESTHESIA: , local.,HEMOSTASIS: , Accomplished with pinpoint electrocoagulation.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , 10 cc.,MATERIALS:,  None.,INJECTABLES:,  Agent used for local anesthesia was Lidocaine 2% without epi.,PATHOLOGY:,  Sent no specimen.,DRESSINGS: , Site was dressed with a light compressive dressing.,CONDITION: , Patient tolerated procedure and anesthesia well.  Vital signs stable.  Vascular status intact to all digits.  Patient recovered in the operating room.,SCHEDULING: , Return to clinic in 2 week (s).
Intrauterine Clots Removal 
Medical specialty:  Surgery
 Exam under anesthesia.  Removal of intrauterine clots.  Postpartum hemorrhage

PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Postpartum hemorrhage.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Postpartum hemorrhage.,PROCEDURE:,  Exam under anesthesia.  Removal of intrauterine clots.,ANESTHESIA: , Conscious sedation.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:,  Approximately 200 mL during the procedure, but at least 500 mL prior to that and probably more like 1500 mL prior to that.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,INDICATIONS AND CONCERNS: , This is a 19-year-old G1, P1 female, status post vaginal delivery, who was being evaluated by the nurse on labor and delivery approximately four hours after her delivery.  I was called for persistent bleeding and passing large clots.  I examined the patient and found her to have at least 500 mL of clots in her uterus.  She was unable to tolerate exam any further than that because of concerns of the amount of bleeding that she had already had and inability to adequately evaluate her.  I did advise her that I would recommend they came under anesthesia and dilation and curettage.  Risks and benefits of this procedure were discussed with Misty, all of her questions were adequately answered and informed consent was obtained.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operating room where satisfactory conscious sedation was performed.  She was placed in the dorsal lithotomy position, prepped and draped in the usual fashion.  Bimanual exam revealed moderate amount of clot in the uterus.  I was able to remove most of the clots with my hands and an attempt at short curettage was performed, but because of contraction of the uterus this was unable to be adequately performed.  I was able to thoroughly examine the uterine cavity with my hand and no remaining clots or placental tissue or membranes were found.  At this point, the procedure was terminated.  Bleeding at this time was minimal.  Preop H&H were 8.3 and 24.2.  The patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to the recovery room in good condition.