harinpurumandla/cve-severity-dataset huggingface dataset:
CVE-2025-21868 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: allow small head cache usage with large MAX_SKB_FRAGS values

Sabrina reported the following splat:

    WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at net/core/dev.c:6935 netif_napi_add_weight_locked+0x8f2/0xba0
    Modules linked in:
    CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc1-net-00092-g011b03359038 #996
    Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Arch Linux 1.16.3-1-1 04/01/2014
    RIP: 0010:netif_napi_add_weight_locked+0x8f2/0xba0
    Code: e8 c3 e6 6a fe 48 83 c4 28 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f c3 cc cc cc cc c7 44 24 10 ff ff ff ff e9 8f fb ff ff e8 9e e6 6a fe <0f> 0b e9 d3 fe ff ff e8 92 e6 6a fe 48 8b 04 24 be ff ff ff ff 48
    RSP: 0000:ffffc9000001fc60 EFLAGS: 00010293
    RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88806ce48128 RCX: 1ffff11001664b9e
    RDX: ffff888008f00040 RSI: ffffffff8317ca42 RDI: ffff88800b325cb6
    RBP: ffff88800b325c40 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed100167502c
    R10: ffff88800b3a8163 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88800ac1c168
    R13: ffff88800ac1c168 R14: ffff88800ac1c168 R15: 0000000000000007
    FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88806ce00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
    CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
    CR2: ffff888008201000 CR3: 0000000004c94001 CR4: 0000000000370ef0
    DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
    DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
    Call Trace:
    <TASK>
    gro_cells_init+0x1ba/0x270
    xfrm_input_init+0x4b/0x2a0
    xfrm_init+0x38/0x50
    ip_rt_init+0x2d7/0x350
    ip_init+0xf/0x20
    inet_init+0x406/0x590
    do_one_initcall+0x9d/0x2e0
    do_initcalls+0x23b/0x280
    kernel_init_freeable+0x445/0x490
    kernel_init+0x20/0x1d0
    ret_from_fork+0x46/0x80
    ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
    </TASK>
    irq event stamp: 584330
    hardirqs last  enabled at (584338): [<ffffffff8168bf87>] __up_console_sem+0x77/0xb0
    hardirqs last disabled at (584345): [<ffffffff8168bf6c>] __up_console_sem+0x5c/0xb0
    softirqs last  enabled at (583242): [<ffffffff833ee96d>] netlink_insert+0x14d/0x470
    softirqs last disabled at (583754): [<ffffffff8317c8cd>] netif_napi_add_weight_locked+0x77d/0xba0

on kernel built with MAX_SKB_FRAGS=45, where SKB_WITH_OVERHEAD(1024)
is smaller than GRO_MAX_HEAD.

Such built additionally contains the revert of the single page frag cache
so that napi_get_frags() ends up using the page frag allocator, triggering
the splat.

Note that the underlying issue is independent from the mentioned
revert; address it ensuring that the small head cache will fit either TCP
and GRO allocation and updating napi_alloc_skb() and __netdev_alloc_skb()
to select kmalloc() usage for any allocation fitting such cache.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21870 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ASoC: SOF: ipc4-topology: Harden loops for looking up ALH copiers

Other, non DAI copier widgets could have the same  stream name (sname) as
the ALH copier and in that case the copier->data is NULL, no alh_data is
attached, which could lead to NULL pointer dereference.
We could check for this NULL pointer in sof_ipc4_prepare_copier_module()
and avoid the crash, but a similar loop in sof_ipc4_widget_setup_comp_dai()
will miscalculate the ALH device count, causing broken audio.

The correct fix is to harden the matching logic by making sure that the
1. widget is a DAI widget - so dai = w->private is valid
2. the dai (and thus the copier) is ALH copier
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21871 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tee: optee: Fix supplicant wait loop

OP-TEE supplicant is a user-space daemon and it's possible for it
be hung or crashed or killed in the middle of processing an OP-TEE
RPC call. It becomes more complicated when there is incorrect shutdown
ordering of the supplicant process vs the OP-TEE client application which
can eventually lead to system hang-up waiting for the closure of the
client application.

Allow the client process waiting in kernel for supplicant response to
be killed rather than indefinitely waiting in an unkillable state. Also,
a normal uninterruptible wait should not have resulted in the hung-task
watchdog getting triggered, but the endless loop would.

This fixes issues observed during system reboot/shutdown when supplicant
got hung for some reason or gets crashed/killed which lead to client
getting hung in an unkillable state. It in turn lead to system being in
hung up state requiring hard power off/on to recover.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21872 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

efi: Don't map the entire mokvar table to determine its size

Currently, when validating the mokvar table, we (re)map the entire table
on each iteration of the loop, adding space as we discover new entries.
If the table grows over a certain size, this fails due to limitations of
early_memmap(), and we get a failure and traceback:

  ------------[ cut here ]------------
  WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at mm/early_ioremap.c:139 __early_ioremap+0xef/0x220
  ...
  Call Trace:
   <TASK>
   ? __early_ioremap+0xef/0x220
   ? __warn.cold+0x93/0xfa
   ? __early_ioremap+0xef/0x220
   ? report_bug+0xff/0x140
   ? early_fixup_exception+0x5d/0xb0
   ? early_idt_handler_common+0x2f/0x3a
   ? __early_ioremap+0xef/0x220
   ? efi_mokvar_table_init+0xce/0x1d0
   ? setup_arch+0x864/0xc10
   ? start_kernel+0x6b/0xa10
   ? x86_64_start_reservations+0x24/0x30
   ? x86_64_start_kernel+0xed/0xf0
   ? common_startup_64+0x13e/0x141
   </TASK>
  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
  mokvar: Failed to map EFI MOKvar config table pa=0x7c4c3000, size=265187.

Mapping the entire structure isn't actually necessary, as we don't ever
need more than one entry header mapped at once.

Changes efi_mokvar_table_init() to only map each entry header, not the
entire table, when determining the table size.  Since we're not mapping
any data past the variable name, it also changes the code to enforce
that each variable name is NUL terminated, rather than attempting to
verify it in place.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21873 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: ufs: core: bsg: Fix crash when arpmb command fails

If the device doesn't support arpmb we'll crash due to copying user data in
bsg_transport_sg_io_fn().

In the case where ufs_bsg_exec_advanced_rpmb_req() returns an error, do not
set the job's reply_len.

Memory crash backtrace:
3,1290,531166405,-;ufshcd 0000:00:12.5: ARPMB OP failed: error code -22

4,1308,531166555,-;Call Trace:

4,1309,531166559,-; <TASK>

4,1310,531166565,-; ? show_regs+0x6d/0x80

4,1311,531166575,-; ? die+0x37/0xa0

4,1312,531166583,-; ? do_trap+0xd4/0xf0

4,1313,531166593,-; ? do_error_trap+0x71/0xb0

4,1314,531166601,-; ? usercopy_abort+0x6c/0x80

4,1315,531166610,-; ? exc_invalid_op+0x52/0x80

4,1316,531166622,-; ? usercopy_abort+0x6c/0x80

4,1317,531166630,-; ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20

4,1318,531166643,-; ? usercopy_abort+0x6c/0x80

4,1319,531166652,-; __check_heap_object+0xe3/0x120

4,1320,531166661,-; check_heap_object+0x185/0x1d0

4,1321,531166670,-; __check_object_size.part.0+0x72/0x150

4,1322,531166679,-; __check_object_size+0x23/0x30

4,1323,531166688,-; bsg_transport_sg_io_fn+0x314/0x3b0
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21874 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

dm-integrity: Avoid divide by zero in table status in Inline mode

In Inline mode, the journal is unused, and journal_sectors is zero.

Calculating the journal watermark requires dividing by journal_sectors,
which should be done only if the journal is configured.

Otherwise, a simple table query (dmsetup table) can cause OOPS.

This bug did not show on some systems, perhaps only due to
compiler optimization.

On my 32-bit testing machine, this reliably crashes with the following:

 : Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
 : CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 2450 Comm: dmsetup Not tainted 6.14.0-rc2+ #959
 : EIP: dm_integrity_status+0x2f8/0xab0 [dm_integrity]
 ...
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21876 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommu/vt-d: Fix suspicious RCU usage

Commit <d74169ceb0d2> ("iommu/vt-d: Allocate DMAR fault interrupts
locally") moved the call to enable_drhd_fault_handling() to a code
path that does not hold any lock while traversing the drhd list. Fix
it by ensuring the dmar_global_lock lock is held when traversing the
drhd list.

Without this fix, the following warning is triggered:
 =============================
 WARNING: suspicious RCU usage
 6.14.0-rc3 #55 Not tainted
 -----------------------------
 drivers/iommu/intel/dmar.c:2046 RCU-list traversed in non-reader section!!
               other info that might help us debug this:
               rcu_scheduler_active = 1, debug_locks = 1
 2 locks held by cpuhp/1/23:
 #0: ffffffff84a67c50 (cpu_hotplug_lock){++++}-{0:0}, at: cpuhp_thread_fun+0x87/0x2c0
 #1: ffffffff84a6a380 (cpuhp_state-up){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: cpuhp_thread_fun+0x87/0x2c0
 stack backtrace:
 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 23 Comm: cpuhp/1 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3 #55
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  dump_stack_lvl+0xb7/0xd0
  lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x159/0x1f0
  ? __pfx_enable_drhd_fault_handling+0x10/0x10
  enable_drhd_fault_handling+0x151/0x180
  cpuhp_invoke_callback+0x1df/0x990
  cpuhp_thread_fun+0x1ea/0x2c0
  smpboot_thread_fn+0x1f5/0x2e0
  ? __pfx_smpboot_thread_fn+0x10/0x10
  kthread+0x12a/0x2d0
  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
  ret_from_fork+0x4a/0x60
  ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
  </TASK>

Holding the lock in enable_drhd_fault_handling() triggers a lockdep splat
about a possible deadlock between dmar_global_lock and cpu_hotplug_lock.
This is avoided by not holding dmar_global_lock when calling
iommu_device_register(), which initiates the device probe process.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21877 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

usbnet: gl620a: fix endpoint checking in genelink_bind()

Syzbot reports [1] a warning in usb_submit_urb() triggered by
inconsistencies between expected and actually present endpoints
in gl620a driver. Since genelink_bind() does not properly
verify whether specified eps are in fact provided by the device,
in this case, an artificially manufactured one, one may get a
mismatch.

Fix the issue by resorting to a usbnet utility function
usbnet_get_endpoints(), usually reserved for this very problem.
Check for endpoints and return early before proceeding further if
any are missing.

[1] Syzbot report:
usb 5-1: Manufacturer: syz
usb 5-1: SerialNumber: syz
usb 5-1: config 0 descriptor??
gl620a 5-1:0.23 usb0: register 'gl620a' at usb-dummy_hcd.0-1, ...
------------[ cut here ]------------
usb 5-1: BOGUS urb xfer, pipe 3 != type 1
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1841 at drivers/usb/core/urb.c:503 usb_submit_urb+0xe4b/0x1730 drivers/usb/core/urb.c:503
Modules linked in:
CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 1841 Comm: kworker/2:2 Not tainted 6.12.0-syzkaller-07834-g06afb0f36106 #0
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014
Workqueue: mld mld_ifc_work
RIP: 0010:usb_submit_urb+0xe4b/0x1730 drivers/usb/core/urb.c:503
...
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 usbnet_start_xmit+0x6be/0x2780 drivers/net/usb/usbnet.c:1467
 __netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:5002 [inline]
 netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:5011 [inline]
 xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3590 [inline]
 dev_hard_start_xmit+0x9a/0x7b0 net/core/dev.c:3606
 sch_direct_xmit+0x1ae/0xc30 net/sched/sch_generic.c:343
 __dev_xmit_skb net/core/dev.c:3827 [inline]
 __dev_queue_xmit+0x13d4/0x43e0 net/core/dev.c:4400
 dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3168 [inline]
 neigh_resolve_output net/core/neighbour.c:1514 [inline]
 neigh_resolve_output+0x5bc/0x950 net/core/neighbour.c:1494
 neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:539 [inline]
 ip6_finish_output2+0xb1b/0x2070 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:141
 __ip6_finish_output net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:215 [inline]
 ip6_finish_output+0x3f9/0x1360 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:226
 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:303 [inline]
 ip6_output+0x1f8/0x540 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:247
 dst_output include/net/dst.h:450 [inline]
 NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:314 [inline]
 NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:308 [inline]
 mld_sendpack+0x9f0/0x11d0 net/ipv6/mcast.c:1819
 mld_send_cr net/ipv6/mcast.c:2120 [inline]
 mld_ifc_work+0x740/0xca0 net/ipv6/mcast.c:2651
 process_one_work+0x9c5/0x1ba0 kernel/workqueue.c:3229
 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3310 [inline]
 worker_thread+0x6c8/0xf00 kernel/workqueue.c:3391
 kthread+0x2c1/0x3a0 kernel/kthread.c:389
 ret_from_fork+0x45/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244
 </TASK>
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21879 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: fix use-after-free on inode when scanning root during em shrinking

At btrfs_scan_root() we are accessing the inode's root (and fs_info) in a
call to btrfs_fs_closing() after we have scheduled the inode for a delayed
iput, and that can result in a use-after-free on the inode in case the
cleaner kthread does the iput before we dereference the inode in the call
to btrfs_fs_closing().

Fix this by using the fs_info stored already in a local variable instead
of doing inode->root->fs_info.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2025-2188 (2025)
There is a whitelist mechanism bypass in GameCenter ,successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality and integrity.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
CVE-2025-21880 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/xe/userptr: fix EFAULT handling

Currently we treat EFAULT from hmm_range_fault() as a non-fatal error
when called from xe_vm_userptr_pin() with the idea that we want to avoid
killing the entire vm and chucking an error, under the assumption that
the user just did an unmap or something, and has no intention of
actually touching that memory from the GPU.  At this point we have
already zapped the PTEs so any access should generate a page fault, and
if the pin fails there also it will then become fatal.

However it looks like it's possible for the userptr vma to still be on
the rebind list in preempt_rebind_work_func(), if we had to retry the
pin again due to something happening in the caller before we did the
rebind step, but in the meantime needing to re-validate the userptr and
this time hitting the EFAULT.

This explains an internal user report of hitting:

[  191.738349] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 157 at drivers/gpu/drm/xe/xe_res_cursor.h:158 xe_pt_stage_bind.constprop.0+0x60a/0x6b0 [xe]
[  191.738551] Workqueue: xe-ordered-wq preempt_rebind_work_func [xe]
[  191.738616] RIP: 0010:xe_pt_stage_bind.constprop.0+0x60a/0x6b0 [xe]
[  191.738690] Call Trace:
[  191.738692]  <TASK>
[  191.738694]  ? show_regs+0x69/0x80
[  191.738698]  ? __warn+0x93/0x1a0
[  191.738703]  ? xe_pt_stage_bind.constprop.0+0x60a/0x6b0 [xe]
[  191.738759]  ? report_bug+0x18f/0x1a0
[  191.738764]  ? handle_bug+0x63/0xa0
[  191.738767]  ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x70
[  191.738770]  ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20
[  191.738777]  ? xe_pt_stage_bind.constprop.0+0x60a/0x6b0 [xe]
[  191.738834]  ? ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
[  191.738849]  bind_op_prepare+0x105/0x7b0 [xe]
[  191.738906]  ? dma_resv_reserve_fences+0x301/0x380
[  191.738912]  xe_pt_update_ops_prepare+0x28c/0x4b0 [xe]
[  191.738966]  ? kmemleak_alloc+0x4b/0x80
[  191.738973]  ops_execute+0x188/0x9d0 [xe]
[  191.739036]  xe_vm_rebind+0x4ce/0x5a0 [xe]
[  191.739098]  ? trace_hardirqs_on+0x4d/0x60
[  191.739112]  preempt_rebind_work_func+0x76f/0xd00 [xe]

Followed by NPD, when running some workload, since the sg was never
actually populated but the vma is still marked for rebind when it should
be skipped for this special EFAULT case. This is confirmed to fix the
user report.

v2 (MattB):
 - Move earlier.
v3 (MattB):
 - Update the commit message to make it clear that this indeed fixes the
   issue.

(cherry picked from commit 6b93cb98910c826c2e2004942f8b060311e43618)
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21882 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/mlx5: Fix vport QoS cleanup on error

When enabling vport QoS fails, the scheduling node was never freed,
causing a leak.

Add the missing free and reset the vport scheduling node pointer to
NULL.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21883 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ice: Fix deinitializing VF in error path

If ice_ena_vfs() fails after calling ice_create_vf_entries(), it frees
all VFs without removing them from snapshot PF-VF mailbox list, leading
to list corruption.

Reproducer:
  devlink dev eswitch set $PF1_PCI mode switchdev
  ip l s $PF1 up
  ip l s $PF1 promisc on
  sleep 1
  echo 1 > /sys/class/net/$PF1/device/sriov_numvfs
  sleep 1
  echo 1 > /sys/class/net/$PF1/device/sriov_numvfs

Trace (minimized):
  list_add corruption. next->prev should be prev (ffff8882e241c6f0), but was 0000000000000000. (next=ffff888455da1330).
  kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:29!
  RIP: 0010:__list_add_valid_or_report+0xa6/0x100
   ice_mbx_init_vf_info+0xa7/0x180 [ice]
   ice_initialize_vf_entry+0x1fa/0x250 [ice]
   ice_sriov_configure+0x8d7/0x1520 [ice]
   ? __percpu_ref_switch_mode+0x1b1/0x5d0
   ? __pfx_ice_sriov_configure+0x10/0x10 [ice]

Sometimes a KASAN report can be seen instead with a similar stack trace:
  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __list_add_valid_or_report+0xf1/0x100

VFs are added to this list in ice_mbx_init_vf_info(), but only removed
in ice_free_vfs(). Move the removing to ice_free_vf_entries(), which is
also being called in other places where VFs are being removed (including
ice_free_vfs() itself).
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2025-21884 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: better track kernel sockets lifetime

While kernel sockets are dismantled during pernet_operations->exit(),
their freeing can be delayed by any tx packets still held in qdisc
or device queues, due to skb_set_owner_w() prior calls.

This then trigger the following warning from ref_tracker_dir_exit() [1]

To fix this, make sure that kernel sockets own a reference on net->passive.

Add sk_net_refcnt_upgrade() helper, used whenever a kernel socket
is converted to a refcounted one.

[1]

[  136.263918][   T35] ref_tracker: net notrefcnt@ffff8880638f01e0 has 1/2 users at
[  136.263918][   T35]      sk_alloc+0x2b3/0x370
[  136.263918][   T35]      inet6_create+0x6ce/0x10f0
[  136.263918][   T35]      __sock_create+0x4c0/0xa30
[  136.263918][   T35]      inet_ctl_sock_create+0xc2/0x250
[  136.263918][   T35]      igmp6_net_init+0x39/0x390
[  136.263918][   T35]      ops_init+0x31e/0x590
[  136.263918][   T35]      setup_net+0x287/0x9e0
[  136.263918][   T35]      copy_net_ns+0x33f/0x570
[  136.263918][   T35]      create_new_namespaces+0x425/0x7b0
[  136.263918][   T35]      unshare_nsproxy_namespaces+0x124/0x180
[  136.263918][   T35]      ksys_unshare+0x57d/0xa70
[  136.263918][   T35]      __x64_sys_unshare+0x38/0x40
[  136.263918][   T35]      do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230
[  136.263918][   T35]      entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
[  136.263918][   T35]
[  136.343488][   T35] ref_tracker: net notrefcnt@ffff8880638f01e0 has 1/2 users at
[  136.343488][   T35]      sk_alloc+0x2b3/0x370
[  136.343488][   T35]      inet6_create+0x6ce/0x10f0
[  136.343488][   T35]      __sock_create+0x4c0/0xa30
[  136.343488][   T35]      inet_ctl_sock_create+0xc2/0x250
[  136.343488][   T35]      ndisc_net_init+0xa7/0x2b0
[  136.343488][   T35]      ops_init+0x31e/0x590
[  136.343488][   T35]      setup_net+0x287/0x9e0
[  136.343488][   T35]      copy_net_ns+0x33f/0x570
[  136.343488][   T35]      create_new_namespaces+0x425/0x7b0
[  136.343488][   T35]      unshare_nsproxy_namespaces+0x124/0x180
[  136.343488][   T35]      ksys_unshare+0x57d/0xa70
[  136.343488][   T35]      __x64_sys_unshare+0x38/0x40
[  136.343488][   T35]      do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230
[  136.343488][   T35]      entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21885 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/bnxt_re: Fix the page details for the srq created by kernel consumers

While using nvme target with use_srq on, below kernel panic is noticed.

[  549.698111] bnxt_en 0000:41:00.0 enp65s0np0: FEC autoneg off encoding: Clause 91 RS(544,514)
[  566.393619] Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
..
[  566.393799]  <TASK>
[  566.393807]  ? __die_body+0x1a/0x60
[  566.393823]  ? die+0x38/0x60
[  566.393835]  ? do_trap+0xe4/0x110
[  566.393847]  ? bnxt_qplib_alloc_init_hwq+0x1d4/0x580 [bnxt_re]
[  566.393867]  ? bnxt_qplib_alloc_init_hwq+0x1d4/0x580 [bnxt_re]
[  566.393881]  ? do_error_trap+0x7c/0x120
[  566.393890]  ? bnxt_qplib_alloc_init_hwq+0x1d4/0x580 [bnxt_re]
[  566.393911]  ? exc_divide_error+0x34/0x50
[  566.393923]  ? bnxt_qplib_alloc_init_hwq+0x1d4/0x580 [bnxt_re]
[  566.393939]  ? asm_exc_divide_error+0x16/0x20
[  566.393966]  ? bnxt_qplib_alloc_init_hwq+0x1d4/0x580 [bnxt_re]
[  566.393997]  bnxt_qplib_create_srq+0xc9/0x340 [bnxt_re]
[  566.394040]  bnxt_re_create_srq+0x335/0x3b0 [bnxt_re]
[  566.394057]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
[  566.394068]  ? __init_swait_queue_head+0x4a/0x60
[  566.394090]  ib_create_srq_user+0xa7/0x150 [ib_core]
[  566.394147]  nvmet_rdma_queue_connect+0x7d0/0xbe0 [nvmet_rdma]
[  566.394174]  ? lock_release+0x22c/0x3f0
[  566.394187]  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f

Page size and shift info is set only for the user space SRQs.
Set page size and page shift for kernel space SRQs also.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21886 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/mlx5: Fix implicit ODP hang on parent deregistration

Fix the destroy_unused_implicit_child_mr() to prevent hanging during
parent deregistration as of below [1].

Upon entering destroy_unused_implicit_child_mr(), the reference count
for the implicit MR parent is incremented using:
refcount_inc_not_zero().

A corresponding decrement must be performed if
free_implicit_child_mr_work() is not called.

The code has been updated to properly manage the reference count that
was incremented.

[1]
INFO: task python3:2157 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
Not tainted 6.12.0-rc7+ #1633
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:python3         state:D stack:0     pid:2157 tgid:2157  ppid:1685   flags:0x00000000
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__schedule+0x420/0xd30
schedule+0x47/0x130
__mlx5_ib_dereg_mr+0x379/0x5d0 [mlx5_ib]
? __pfx_autoremove_wake_function+0x10/0x10
ib_dereg_mr_user+0x5f/0x120 [ib_core]
? lock_release+0xc6/0x280
destroy_hw_idr_uobject+0x1d/0x60 [ib_uverbs]
uverbs_destroy_uobject+0x58/0x1d0 [ib_uverbs]
uobj_destroy+0x3f/0x70 [ib_uverbs]
ib_uverbs_cmd_verbs+0x3e4/0xbb0 [ib_uverbs]
? __pfx_uverbs_destroy_def_handler+0x10/0x10 [ib_uverbs]
? lock_acquire+0xc1/0x2f0
? ib_uverbs_ioctl+0xcb/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
? ib_uverbs_ioctl+0x116/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
? lock_release+0xc6/0x280
ib_uverbs_ioctl+0xe7/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
? ib_uverbs_ioctl+0xcb/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x1b0/0xa70
? kmem_cache_free+0x221/0x400
do_syscall_64+0x6b/0x140
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
RIP: 0033:0x7f20f21f017b
RSP: 002b:00007ffcfc4a77c8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffcfc4a78d8 RCX: 00007f20f21f017b
RDX: 00007ffcfc4a78c0 RSI: 00000000c0181b01 RDI: 0000000000000003
RBP: 00007ffcfc4a78a0 R08: 000056147d125190 R09: 00007f20f1f14c60
R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007ffcfc4a7890
R13: 000000000000001c R14: 000056147d100fc0 R15: 00007f20e365c9d0
</TASK>
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21887 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ovl: fix UAF in ovl_dentry_update_reval by moving dput() in ovl_link_up

The issue was caused by dput(upper) being called before
ovl_dentry_update_reval(), while upper->d_flags was still
accessed in ovl_dentry_remote().

Move dput(upper) after its last use to prevent use-after-free.

BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ovl_dentry_remote fs/overlayfs/util.c:162 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ovl_dentry_update_reval+0xd2/0xf0 fs/overlayfs/util.c:167

Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:114
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:377 [inline]
 print_report+0xc3/0x620 mm/kasan/report.c:488
 kasan_report+0xd9/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:601
 ovl_dentry_remote fs/overlayfs/util.c:162 [inline]
 ovl_dentry_update_reval+0xd2/0xf0 fs/overlayfs/util.c:167
 ovl_link_up fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c:610 [inline]
 ovl_copy_up_one+0x2105/0x3490 fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c:1170
 ovl_copy_up_flags+0x18d/0x200 fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c:1223
 ovl_rename+0x39e/0x18c0 fs/overlayfs/dir.c:1136
 vfs_rename+0xf84/0x20a0 fs/namei.c:4893
...
 </TASK>
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2025-21889 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf/core: Add RCU read lock protection to perf_iterate_ctx()

The perf_iterate_ctx() function performs RCU list traversal but
currently lacks RCU read lock protection. This causes lockdep warnings
when running perf probe with unshare(1) under CONFIG_PROVE_RCU_LIST=y:

	WARNING: suspicious RCU usage
	kernel/events/core.c:8168 RCU-list traversed in non-reader section!!

	 Call Trace:
	  lockdep_rcu_suspicious
	  ? perf_event_addr_filters_apply
	  perf_iterate_ctx
	  perf_event_exec
	  begin_new_exec
	  ? load_elf_phdrs
	  load_elf_binary
	  ? lock_acquire
	  ? find_held_lock
	  ? bprm_execve
	  bprm_execve
	  do_execveat_common.isra.0
	  __x64_sys_execve
	  do_syscall_64
	  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe

This protection was previously present but was removed in commit
bd2756811766 ("perf: Rewrite core context handling"). Add back the
necessary rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock() pair around
perf_iterate_ctx() call in perf_event_exec().

[ mingo: Use scoped_guard() as suggested by Peter ]
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21890 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

idpf: fix checksums set in idpf_rx_rsc()

idpf_rx_rsc() uses skb_transport_offset(skb) while the transport header
is not set yet.

This triggers the following warning for CONFIG_DEBUG_NET=y builds.

DEBUG_NET_WARN_ON_ONCE(!skb_transport_header_was_set(skb))

[   69.261620] WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 0 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3020 idpf_vport_splitq_napi_poll (include/linux/skbuff.h:3020) idpf
[   69.261629] Modules linked in: vfat fat dummy bridge intel_uncore_frequency_tpmi intel_uncore_frequency_common intel_vsec_tpmi idpf intel_vsec cdc_ncm cdc_eem cdc_ether usbnet mii xhci_pci xhci_hcd ehci_pci ehci_hcd libeth
[   69.261644] CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/7 Tainted: G S      W          6.14.0-smp-DEV #1697
[   69.261648] Tainted: [S]=CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC, [W]=WARN
[   69.261650] RIP: 0010:idpf_vport_splitq_napi_poll (include/linux/skbuff.h:3020) idpf
[   69.261677] ? __warn (kernel/panic.c:242 kernel/panic.c:748)
[   69.261682] ? idpf_vport_splitq_napi_poll (include/linux/skbuff.h:3020) idpf
[   69.261687] ? report_bug (lib/bug.c:?)
[   69.261690] ? handle_bug (arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:285)
[   69.261694] ? exc_invalid_op (arch/x86/kernel/traps.c:309)
[   69.261697] ? asm_exc_invalid_op (arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:621)
[   69.261700] ? __pfx_idpf_vport_splitq_napi_poll (drivers/net/ethernet/intel/idpf/idpf_txrx.c:4011) idpf
[   69.261704] ? idpf_vport_splitq_napi_poll (include/linux/skbuff.h:3020) idpf
[   69.261708] ? idpf_vport_splitq_napi_poll (drivers/net/ethernet/intel/idpf/idpf_txrx.c:3072) idpf
[   69.261712] __napi_poll (net/core/dev.c:7194)
[   69.261716] net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7265)
[   69.261718] ? __qdisc_run (net/sched/sch_generic.c:293)
[   69.261721] ? sched_clock (arch/x86/include/asm/preempt.h:84 arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c:288)
[   69.261726] handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:561)
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21891 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ipvlan: ensure network headers are in skb linear part

syzbot found that ipvlan_process_v6_outbound() was assuming
the IPv6 network header isis present in skb->head [1]

Add the needed pskb_network_may_pull() calls for both
IPv4 and IPv6 handlers.

[1]
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in __ipv6_addr_type+0xa2/0x490 net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c:47
  __ipv6_addr_type+0xa2/0x490 net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c:47
  ipv6_addr_type include/net/ipv6.h:555 [inline]
  ip6_route_output_flags_noref net/ipv6/route.c:2616 [inline]
  ip6_route_output_flags+0x51/0x720 net/ipv6/route.c:2651
  ip6_route_output include/net/ip6_route.h:93 [inline]
  ipvlan_route_v6_outbound+0x24e/0x520 drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_core.c:476
  ipvlan_process_v6_outbound drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_core.c:491 [inline]
  ipvlan_process_outbound drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_core.c:541 [inline]
  ipvlan_xmit_mode_l3 drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_core.c:605 [inline]
  ipvlan_queue_xmit+0xd72/0x1780 drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_core.c:671
  ipvlan_start_xmit+0x5b/0x210 drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_main.c:223
  __netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:5150 [inline]
  netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:5159 [inline]
  xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3735 [inline]
  dev_hard_start_xmit+0x247/0xa20 net/core/dev.c:3751
  sch_direct_xmit+0x399/0xd40 net/sched/sch_generic.c:343
  qdisc_restart net/sched/sch_generic.c:408 [inline]
  __qdisc_run+0x14da/0x35d0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:416
  qdisc_run+0x141/0x4d0 include/net/pkt_sched.h:127
  net_tx_action+0x78b/0x940 net/core/dev.c:5484
  handle_softirqs+0x1a0/0x7c0 kernel/softirq.c:561
  __do_softirq+0x14/0x1a kernel/softirq.c:595
  do_softirq+0x9a/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:462
  __local_bh_enable_ip+0x9f/0xb0 kernel/softirq.c:389
  local_bh_enable include/linux/bottom_half.h:33 [inline]
  rcu_read_unlock_bh include/linux/rcupdate.h:919 [inline]
  __dev_queue_xmit+0x2758/0x57d0 net/core/dev.c:4611
  dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3311 [inline]
  packet_xmit+0x9c/0x6c0 net/packet/af_packet.c:276
  packet_snd net/packet/af_packet.c:3132 [inline]
  packet_sendmsg+0x93e0/0xa7e0 net/packet/af_packet.c:3164
  sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:718 [inline]
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21892 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/mlx5: Fix the recovery flow of the UMR QP

This patch addresses an issue in the recovery flow of the UMR QP,
ensuring tasks do not get stuck, as highlighted by the call trace [1].

During recovery, before transitioning the QP to the RESET state, the
software must wait for all outstanding WRs to complete.

Failing to do so can cause the firmware to skip sending some flushed
CQEs with errors and simply discard them upon the RESET, as per the IB
specification.

This race condition can result in lost CQEs and tasks becoming stuck.

To resolve this, the patch sends a final WR which serves only as a
barrier before moving the QP state to RESET.

Once a CQE is received for that final WR, it guarantees that no
outstanding WRs remain, making it safe to transition the QP to RESET and
subsequently back to RTS, restoring proper functionality.

Note:
For the barrier WR, we simply reuse the failed and ready WR.
Since the QP is in an error state, it will only receive
IB_WC_WR_FLUSH_ERR. However, as it serves only as a barrier we don't
care about its status.

[1]
INFO: task rdma_resource_l:1922 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
Tainted: G        W          6.12.0-rc7+ #1626
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:rdma_resource_l state:D stack:0  pid:1922 tgid:1922  ppid:1369
     flags:0x00004004
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__schedule+0x420/0xd30
schedule+0x47/0x130
schedule_timeout+0x280/0x300
? mark_held_locks+0x48/0x80
? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0xe5/0x1a0
wait_for_completion+0x75/0x130
mlx5r_umr_post_send_wait+0x3c2/0x5b0 [mlx5_ib]
? __pfx_mlx5r_umr_done+0x10/0x10 [mlx5_ib]
mlx5r_umr_revoke_mr+0x93/0xc0 [mlx5_ib]
__mlx5_ib_dereg_mr+0x299/0x520 [mlx5_ib]
? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x24/0x40
? wait_for_completion+0xfe/0x130
? rdma_restrack_put+0x63/0xe0 [ib_core]
ib_dereg_mr_user+0x5f/0x120 [ib_core]
? lock_release+0xc6/0x280
destroy_hw_idr_uobject+0x1d/0x60 [ib_uverbs]
uverbs_destroy_uobject+0x58/0x1d0 [ib_uverbs]
uobj_destroy+0x3f/0x70 [ib_uverbs]
ib_uverbs_cmd_verbs+0x3e4/0xbb0 [ib_uverbs]
? __pfx_uverbs_destroy_def_handler+0x10/0x10 [ib_uverbs]
? __lock_acquire+0x64e/0x2080
? mark_held_locks+0x48/0x80
? find_held_lock+0x2d/0xa0
? lock_acquire+0xc1/0x2f0
? ib_uverbs_ioctl+0xcb/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
? __fget_files+0xc3/0x1b0
ib_uverbs_ioctl+0xe7/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
? ib_uverbs_ioctl+0xcb/0x170 [ib_uverbs]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x1b0/0xa70
do_syscall_64+0x6b/0x140
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
RIP: 0033:0x7f99c918b17b
RSP: 002b:00007ffc766d0468 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX:
     0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffc766d0578 RCX:
     00007f99c918b17b
RDX: 00007ffc766d0560 RSI: 00000000c0181b01 RDI:
     0000000000000003
RBP: 00007ffc766d0540 R08: 00007f99c8f99010 R09:
     000000000000bd7e
R10: 00007f99c94c1c70 R11: 0000000000000246 R12:
     00007ffc766d0530
R13: 000000000000001c R14: 0000000040246a80 R15:
     0000000000000000
</TASK>
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21893 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

keys: Fix UAF in key_put()

Once a key's reference count has been reduced to 0, the garbage collector
thread may destroy it at any time and so key_put() is not allowed to touch
the key after that point.  The most key_put() is normally allowed to do is
to touch key_gc_work as that's a static global variable.

However, in an effort to speed up the reclamation of quota, this is now
done in key_put() once the key's usage is reduced to 0 - but now the code
is looking at the key after the deadline, which is forbidden.

Fix this by using a flag to indicate that a key can be gc'd now rather than
looking at the key's refcount in the garbage collector.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2025-21894 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: enetc: VFs do not support HWTSTAMP_TX_ONESTEP_SYNC

Actually ENETC VFs do not support HWTSTAMP_TX_ONESTEP_SYNC because only
ENETC PF can access PMa_SINGLE_STEP registers. And there will be a crash
if VFs are used to test one-step timestamp, the crash log as follows.

[  129.110909] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 00000000000080c0
[  129.287769] Call trace:
[  129.290219]  enetc_port_mac_wr+0x30/0xec (P)
[  129.294504]  enetc_start_xmit+0xda4/0xe74
[  129.298525]  enetc_xmit+0x70/0xec
[  129.301848]  dev_hard_start_xmit+0x98/0x118
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21895 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf/core: Order the PMU list to fix warning about unordered pmu_ctx_list

Syskaller triggers a warning due to prev_epc->pmu != next_epc->pmu in
perf_event_swap_task_ctx_data(). vmcore shows that two lists have the same
perf_event_pmu_context, but not in the same order.

The problem is that the order of pmu_ctx_list for the parent is impacted by
the time when an event/PMU is added. While the order for a child is
impacted by the event order in the pinned_groups and flexible_groups. So
the order of pmu_ctx_list in the parent and child may be different.

To fix this problem, insert the perf_event_pmu_context to its proper place
after iteration of the pmu_ctx_list.

The follow testcase can trigger above warning:

 # perf record -e cycles --call-graph lbr -- taskset -c 3 ./a.out &
 # perf stat -e cpu-clock,cs -p xxx // xxx is the pid of a.out

 test.c

 void main() {
        int count = 0;
        pid_t pid;

        printf("%d running\n", getpid());
        sleep(30);
        printf("running\n");

        pid = fork();
        if (pid == -1) {
                printf("fork error\n");
                return;
        }
        if (pid == 0) {
                while (1) {
                        count++;
                }
        } else {
                while (1) {
                        count++;
                }
        }
 }

The testcase first opens an LBR event, so it will allocate task_ctx_data,
and then open tracepoint and software events, so the parent context will
have 3 different perf_event_pmu_contexts. On inheritance, child ctx will
insert the perf_event_pmu_context in another order and the warning will
trigger.

[ mingo: Tidied up the changelog. ]
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21896 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fuse: revert back to __readahead_folio() for readahead

In commit 3eab9d7bc2f4 ("fuse: convert readahead to use folios"), the
logic was converted to using the new folio readahead code, which drops
the reference on the folio once it is locked, using an inferred
reference on the folio. Previously we held a reference on the folio for
the entire duration of the readpages call.

This is fine, however for the case for splice pipe responses where we
will remove the old folio and splice in the new folio (see
fuse_try_move_page()), we assume that there is a reference held on the
folio for ap->folios, which is no longer the case.

To fix this, revert back to __readahead_folio() which allows us to hold
the reference on the folio for the duration of readpages until either we
drop the reference ourselves in fuse_readpages_end() or the reference is
dropped after it's replaced in the page cache in the splice case.
This will fix the UAF bug that was reported.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2025-21897 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sched_ext: Fix pick_task_scx() picking non-queued tasks when it's called without balance()

a6250aa251ea ("sched_ext: Handle cases where pick_task_scx() is called
without preceding balance_scx()") added a workaround to handle the cases
where pick_task_scx() is called without prececing balance_scx() which is due
to a fair class bug where pick_taks_fair() may return NULL after a true
return from balance_fair().

The workaround detects when pick_task_scx() is called without preceding
balance_scx() and emulates SCX_RQ_BAL_KEEP and triggers kicking to avoid
stalling. Unfortunately, the workaround code was testing whether @prev was
on SCX to decide whether to keep the task running. This is incorrect as the
task may be on SCX but no longer runnable.

This could lead to a non-runnable task to be returned from pick_task_scx()
which cause interesting confusions and failures. e.g. A common failure mode
is the task ending up with (!on_rq && on_cpu) state which can cause
potential wakers to busy loop, which can easily lead to deadlocks.

Fix it by testing whether @prev has SCX_TASK_QUEUED set. This makes
@prev_on_scx only used in one place. Open code the usage and improve the
comment while at it.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21898 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ftrace: Avoid potential division by zero in function_stat_show()

Check whether denominator expression x * (x - 1) * 1000 mod {2^32, 2^64}
produce zero and skip stddev computation in that case.

For now don't care about rec->counter * rec->counter overflow because
rec->time * rec->time overflow will likely happen earlier.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21899 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tracing: Fix bad hist from corrupting named_triggers list

The following commands causes a crash:

 ~# cd /sys/kernel/tracing/events/rcu/rcu_callback
 ~# echo 'hist:name=bad:keys=common_pid:onmax(bogus).save(common_pid)' > trigger
 bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
 ~# echo 'hist:name=bad:keys=common_pid' > trigger

Because the following occurs:

event_trigger_write() {
  trigger_process_regex() {
    event_hist_trigger_parse() {

      data = event_trigger_alloc(..);

      event_trigger_register(.., data) {
        cmd_ops->reg(.., data, ..) [hist_register_trigger()] {
          data->ops->init() [event_hist_trigger_init()] {
            save_named_trigger(name, data) {
              list_add(&data->named_list, &named_triggers);
            }
          }
        }
      }

      ret = create_actions(); (return -EINVAL)
      if (ret)
        goto out_unreg;
[..]
      ret = hist_trigger_enable(data, ...) {
        list_add_tail_rcu(&data->list, &file->triggers); <<<---- SKIPPED!!! (this is important!)
[..]
 out_unreg:
      event_hist_unregister(.., data) {
        cmd_ops->unreg(.., data, ..) [hist_unregister_trigger()] {
          list_for_each_entry(iter, &file->triggers, list) {
            if (!hist_trigger_match(data, iter, named_data, false))   <- never matches
                continue;
            [..]
            test = iter;
          }
          if (test && test->ops->free) <<<-- test is NULL

            test->ops->free(test) [event_hist_trigger_free()] {
              [..]
              if (data->name)
                del_named_trigger(data) {
                  list_del(&data->named_list);  <<<<-- NEVER gets removed!
                }
              }
           }
         }

         [..]
         kfree(data); <<<-- frees item but it is still on list

The next time a hist with name is registered, it causes an u-a-f bug and
the kernel can crash.

Move the code around such that if event_trigger_register() succeeds, the
next thing called is hist_trigger_enable() which adds it to the list.

A bunch of actions is called if get_named_trigger_data() returns false.
But that doesn't need to be called after event_trigger_register(), so it
can be moved up, allowing event_trigger_register() to be called just
before hist_trigger_enable() keeping them together and allowing the
file->triggers to be properly populated.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-2190 (2025)
The mobile application (com.transsnet.store) has a man-in-the-middle attack vulnerability, which may lead to code injection risks.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2025-21900 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

NFSv4: Fix a deadlock when recovering state on a sillyrenamed file

If the file is sillyrenamed, and slated for delete on close, it is
possible for a server reboot to triggeer an open reclaim, with can again
race with the application call to close(). When that happens, the call
to put_nfs_open_context() can trigger a synchronous delegreturn call
which deadlocks because it is not marked as privileged.

Instead, ensure that the call to nfs4_inode_return_delegation_on_close()
catches the delegreturn, and schedules it asynchronously.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21901 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/bnxt_re: Add sanity checks on rdev validity

There is a possibility that ulp_irq_stop and ulp_irq_start
callbacks will be called when the device is in detached state.
This can cause a crash due to NULL pointer dereference as
the rdev is already freed.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21902 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

acpi: typec: ucsi: Introduce a ->poll_cci method

For the ACPI backend of UCSI the UCSI "registers" are just a memory copy
of the register values in an opregion. The ACPI implementation in the
BIOS ensures that the opregion contents are synced to the embedded
controller and it ensures that the registers (in particular CCI) are
synced back to the opregion on notifications. While there is an ACPI call
that syncs the actual registers to the opregion there is rarely a need to
do this and on some ACPI implementations it actually breaks in various
interesting ways.

The only reason to force a sync from the embedded controller is to poll
CCI while notifications are disabled. Only the ucsi core knows if this
is the case and guessing based on the current command is suboptimal, i.e.
leading to the following spurious assertion splat:

WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 76 at drivers/usb/typec/ucsi/ucsi.c:1388 ucsi_reset_ppm+0x1b4/0x1c0 [typec_ucsi]
CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 76 Comm: kworker/3:0 Not tainted 6.12.11-200.fc41.x86_64 #1
Hardware name: LENOVO 21D0/LNVNB161216, BIOS J6CN45WW 03/17/2023
Workqueue: events_long ucsi_init_work [typec_ucsi]
RIP: 0010:ucsi_reset_ppm+0x1b4/0x1c0 [typec_ucsi]
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 ucsi_init_work+0x3c/0xac0 [typec_ucsi]
 process_one_work+0x179/0x330
 worker_thread+0x252/0x390
 kthread+0xd2/0x100
 ret_from_fork+0x34/0x50
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
 </TASK>

Thus introduce a ->poll_cci() method that works like ->read_cci() with an
additional forced sync and document that this should be used when polling
with notifications disabled. For all other backends that presumably don't
have this issue use the same implementation for both methods.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21903 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mctp i3c: handle NULL header address

daddr can be NULL if there is no neighbour table entry present,
in that case the tx packet should be dropped.

saddr will usually be set by MCTP core, but check for NULL in case a
packet is transmitted by a different protocol.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21904 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

caif_virtio: fix wrong pointer check in cfv_probe()

del_vqs() frees virtqueues, therefore cfv->vq_tx pointer should be checked
for NULL before calling it, not cfv->vdev. Also the current implementation
is redundant because the pointer cfv->vdev is dereferenced before it is
checked for NULL.

Fix this by checking cfv->vq_tx for NULL instead of cfv->vdev before
calling del_vqs().
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21905 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: iwlwifi: limit printed string from FW file

There's no guarantee here that the file is always with a
NUL-termination, so reading the string may read beyond the
end of the TLV. If that's the last TLV in the file, it can
perhaps even read beyond the end of the file buffer.

Fix that by limiting the print format to the size of the
buffer we have.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-21906 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: clean up ROC on failure

If the firmware fails to start the session protection, then we
do call iwl_mvm_roc_finished() here, but that won't do anything
at all because IWL_MVM_STATUS_ROC_P2P_RUNNING was never set.
Set IWL_MVM_STATUS_ROC_P2P_RUNNING in the failure/stop path.
If it started successfully before, it's already set, so that
doesn't matter, and if it didn't start it needs to be set to
clean up.

Not doing so will lead to a WARN_ON() later on a fresh remain-
on-channel, since the link is already active when activated as
it was never deactivated.
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H