CVE-2025-21959 (2025)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nf_conncount: Fully initialize struct nf_conncount_tuple in insert_tree()

Since commit b36e4523d4d5 ("netfilter: nf_conncount: fix garbage
collection confirm race"), `cpu` and `jiffies32` were introduced to
the struct nf_conncount_tuple.

The commit made nf_conncount_add() initialize `conn->cpu` and
`conn->jiffies32` when allocating the struct.
In contrast, count_tree() was not changed to initialize them.

By commit 34848d5c896e ("netfilter: nf_conncount: Split insert and
traversal"), count_tree() was split and the relevant allocation
code now resides in insert_tree().
Initialize `conn->cpu` and `conn->jiffies32` in insert_tree().

BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in find_or_evict net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:117 [inline]
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in __nf_conncount_add+0xd9c/0x2850 net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:143
 find_or_evict net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:117 [inline]
 __nf_conncount_add+0xd9c/0x2850 net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:143
 count_tree net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:438 [inline]
 nf_conncount_count+0x82f/0x1e80 net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:521
 connlimit_mt+0x7f6/0xbd0 net/netfilter/xt_connlimit.c:72
 __nft_match_eval net/netfilter/nft_compat.c:403 [inline]
 nft_match_eval+0x1a5/0x300 net/netfilter/nft_compat.c:433
 expr_call_ops_eval net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:240 [inline]
 nft_do_chain+0x426/0x2290 net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:288
 nft_do_chain_ipv4+0x1a5/0x230 net/netfilter/nft_chain_filter.c:23
 nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:154 [inline]
 nf_hook_slow+0xf4/0x400 net/netfilter/core.c:626
 nf_hook_slow_list+0x24d/0x860 net/netfilter/core.c:663
 NF_HOOK_LIST include/linux/netfilter.h:350 [inline]
 ip_sublist_rcv+0x17b7/0x17f0 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:633
 ip_list_rcv+0x9ef/0xa40 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:669
 __netif_receive_skb_list_ptype net/core/dev.c:5936 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb_list_core+0x15c5/0x1670 net/core/dev.c:5983
 __netif_receive_skb_list net/core/dev.c:6035 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb_list_internal+0x1085/0x1700 net/core/dev.c:6126
 netif_receive_skb_list+0x5a/0x460 net/core/dev.c:6178
 xdp_recv_frames net/bpf/test_run.c:280 [inline]
 xdp_test_run_batch net/bpf/test_run.c:361 [inline]
 bpf_test_run_xdp_live+0x2e86/0x3480 net/bpf/test_run.c:390
 bpf_prog_test_run_xdp+0xf1d/0x1ae0 net/bpf/test_run.c:1316
 bpf_prog_test_run+0x5e5/0xa30 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:4407
 __sys_bpf+0x6aa/0xd90 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5813
 __do_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5902 [inline]
 __se_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5900 [inline]
 __ia32_sys_bpf+0xa0/0xe0 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5900
 ia32_sys_call+0x394d/0x4180 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_32.h:358
 do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/common.c:165 [inline]
 __do_fast_syscall_32+0xb0/0x110 arch/x86/entry/common.c:387
 do_fast_syscall_32+0x38/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:412
 do_SYSENTER_32+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/common.c:450
 entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x84/0x8e

Uninit was created at:
 slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4121 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4164 [inline]
 kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x915/0xe10 mm/slub.c:4171
 insert_tree net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:372 [inline]
 count_tree net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:450 [inline]
 nf_conncount_count+0x1415/0x1e80 net/netfilter/nf_conncount.c:521
 connlimit_mt+0x7f6/0xbd0 net/netfilter/xt_connlimit.c:72
 __nft_match_eval net/netfilter/nft_compat.c:403 [inline]
 nft_match_eval+0x1a5/0x300 net/netfilter/nft_compat.c:433
 expr_call_ops_eval net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:240 [inline]
 nft_do_chain+0x426/0x2290 net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:288
 nft_do_chain_ipv4+0x1a5/0x230 net/netfilter/nft_chain_filter.c:23
 nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:154 [inline]
 nf_hook_slow+0xf4/0x400 net/netfilter/core.c:626
 nf_hook_slow_list+0x24d/0x860 net/netfilter/core.c:663
 NF_HOOK_LIST include/linux/netfilter.h:350 [inline]
 ip_sublist_rcv+0x17b7/0x17f0 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:633
 ip_list_rcv+0x9ef/0xa40 net/ip
---truncated---
CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H