Font configuration (Magyar)

Fordítás állapota:
Ez az oldal az angol
Font configuration
című oldal magyar nyelvre lefordított változata. Utolsó fordítás dátuma: 2025.12.23. Amennyiben a lefordítás időpontja óta az angol nyelvű oldalon történtek újabb
módosítások
, akkor Ön segíthet hozzászinkronizálni az angolhoz ezt a magyar nyelvű fordítást.
További oldalak az adott témakörben
Font configuration (Magyar)/Chinese (Magyar)
Fonts (Magyar)
Java Runtime Environment fonts (Magyar)
Metric-compatible fonts (Magyar)
Microsoft fonts (Magyar)
Fontconfig
is a library designed to provide a list of available
fonts
to applications, as well as configuration for how fonts get rendered.
The
FreeType
library renders fonts based on this configuration. The
freetype2
font rendering package includes the bytecode interpreter (BCI) enabled for better font rendering, especially with an LCD monitor. See
#Fontconfig configuration
and
Font configuration/Examples
.
Although
Fontconfig
is used often in modern Unix and Unix-like operating systems, some applications rely on the original method of font selection and display, the
X Logical Font Description
(XLFD).
Font paths
For fonts to be known to applications, they must be cataloged for easy and quick access.
The font paths known to Fontconfig by default are:
/usr/share/fonts/
,
~/.local/share/fonts
(and
~/.fonts/
, now deprecated). Fontconfig will scan these directories recursively. For ease of organization and installation, it is recommended to use these font paths when
adding fonts
.
To see a list of known Fontconfig fonts:
$ fc-list ':' file
See
fc-list(1)
for more output formats.
Check for
Xorg
known font paths by reviewing its log:
$ grep /fonts ~/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.0.log
Tipp
You can also check the list of
Xorg
known font paths using the command
xset q
.
Use
/var/log/Xorg.0.log
if Xorg is run with root privileges.
Keep in mind that Xorg does not search recursively through the
/usr/share/fonts/
directory like Fontconfig does.  To add a path, the full path must be used:
Section "Files"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/local/"
EndSection
For more details about Xorg configuration read
Xorg#Configuration
. If you want font paths to be set on a per-user basis, you can add and remove font paths from the default by adding the following line(s) to
~/.xinitrc
:
xset +fp /usr/share/fonts/local/           # Prepend a custom font path to Xorg list of known font paths
xset -fp /usr/share/fonts/sucky_fonts/     # Remove the specified font path from Xorg list of known font paths
To see a list of fonts known by Xorg use
xlsfonts
, from the
xorg-xlsfonts
package.
Fontconfig configuration
Fontconfig configuration is documented in the
fonts-conf(5)
man page.
Configuration can be done per-user through
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
(usually
$HOME/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf
), and globally with
/etc/fonts/local.conf
.  The settings in the per-user configuration have precedence over the global configuration.  Both these files use the same syntax.
Megjegyzés
The
50-user.conf
preset needs to be enabled to make the user configuration take effect, and the
51-local.conf
preset is for the global configuration. Check the
#Presets
section to know how to enable these presets.
Configuration files and directories:
~/.fonts.conf/
,
~/.fonts.conf.d/
and
~/.fontconfig/*.cache-*
are deprecated and will not be read by default in the future versions of the package. New paths are
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
,
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d/NN-name.conf
and
$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig/*.cache-*
respectively. If using the second location, make sure the naming is valid (where
NN
is a two digit number like
00
,
10
, or
99
).
Fontconfig gathers all its configurations in a central file (
/etc/fonts/fonts.conf
).  This file is replaced during Fontconfig updates and should not be edited.  Fontconfig-aware applications source this file to know available fonts and how they get rendered; simply restarting such applications is sufficient to load the new configuration.  This file is a conglomeration of rules from the global configuration (
/etc/fonts/local.conf
), the configured presets in
/etc/fonts/conf.d/
, and the user configuration file (
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
).
fc-cache
can be used to rebuild Fontconfig configuration, although changes will only be visible in newly launched applications.
Megjegyzés
For some desktop environments (such as
GNOME
and
KDE Plasma
) using the
Font Control Panel
will automatically create or overwrite the user font configuration file.  For these desktop environments, it is best to match your already defined font configurations to get the expected behavior. Also ensure that the desktop
locale
settings or
Regional Settings
are supported by the configured fonts, if not the font configuration could be overridden.
Fontconfig configuration files use
XML
format and need these headers:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>

  <!-- settings go here -->

</fontconfig>
The configuration examples in this article omit these tags.
Presets
There are presets installed in the directory
/usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail
. They can be enabled by creating
symbolic links
to them, both per-user and globally, as described in
/etc/fonts/conf.d/README
. These presets will override matching settings in their respective configuration files.
For example, to enable sub-pixel RGB rendering globally:
# ln -s /usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail/10-sub-pixel-rgb.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/
To do the same but instead for a per-user configuration:
$ mkdir $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d
$ ln -s /usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail/10-sub-pixel-rgb.conf $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d
Anti-aliasing
Font rasterization
converts vector font data to bitmap data so that it can be displayed. The result can appear jagged due to
aliasing
.
Anti-aliasing
can be used to increase the apparent resolution of font edges. Anti-aliasing is
enabled
by default. To disable it:
<match target="font">
    <edit name="antialias" mode="assign">
      <bool>false</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>
Megjegyzés
Some applications may
override default anti-aliasing settings
.
Hinting
Font hinting
(also known as instructing) is the use of mathematical instructions to adjust the display of an outline font so that it lines up with a rasterized grid (i.e. the pixel grid of the display). Its intended effect is to make fonts appear more crisp so that they are more readable. Fonts will line up correctly without hinting when displays have around 300
DPI
.
Byte-Code Interpreter (BCI)
Using BCI hinting, instructions in TrueType fonts are rendered according to FreeTypes's interpreter. BCI hinting works well with fonts with good hinting instructions. Hinting is
enabled
by default. To disable it:
<match target="font">
    <edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
      <bool>false</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>
Megjegyzés
The BCI implementation can be switched in the script
/etc/profile.d/freetype2.sh
. The interpreter is set by passing the parameter
truetype:interpreter-version=
NN
,
NN
corresponding to the version chosen, to the
FREETYPE_PROPERTIES
variable in the script. The most popular values are:
35 for classic mode (emulates Windows 98),
40
for
minimal mode
(stripped down Infinality, this is the default).
Subpixel rendering should use a subpixel BCI. For details, see
[1]
.
Autohinter
The autohinter attempts to do automatic hinting, disregarding any hinting information embedded in the font. Originally, it was the default because TrueType2 fonts were patent-protected, but now that these patents have expired, there is very little reason to use it. It does work better with fonts that have broken or no hinting information, but it will be strongly sub-optimal for fonts with good hinting information. Generally, common fonts are of the latter kind, so the autohinter will not be useful. The autohinter is
disabled
by default. To enable it:
<match target="font">
    <edit name="autohint" mode="assign">
      <bool>true</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>
Hintstyle
Hintstyle is the amount of font reshaping done to line up to the grid. Hinting values are:
hintnone
,
hintslight
,
hintmedium
, and
hintfull
.
hintslight
will make the font more fuzzy to line up to the grid but will be better in retaining font shape (see
[2]
), while
hintfull
will be a crisp font that aligns well to the pixel grid but will lose a greater amount of font shape.
hintslight
implicitly uses the autohinter in a vertical-only mode in favor of font-native information for non-CFF (
.otf
) fonts.
hintslight
is the default setting. To change it:
<match target="font">
    <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign">
      <const>hintnone</const>
    </edit>
  </match>
Megjegyzés
Some applications may
override default hinting settings
.
Subpixel layout
Fontconfig will need to know your
subpixel layout
to be able to display your fonts correctly. Use the
Subpixel layout
monitor test (part of
The Lagom LCD monitor test pages
) to find out your subpixel arrangement.
Subpixel geometry is configured via the
rgba
property, which could be either:
rgb
—
red
,
green
,
blue
— most common, is used by the most monitors manufactured today
bgr
vrgb
— vertical
vbgr
none
— no subpixel rendering
<match target="font">
    <edit name="rgba" mode="assign">
      <const>rgb</const>
    </edit>
  </match>
Megjegyzés
Without
#Subpixel rendering
, freetype will only care about the alignment (vertical or horizontal) of the subpixels. There is no difference between
RGB
and
BGR
, for example.
There is no support for unusual subpixel layouts such as "Pentile" and "RGBY", occasionally found on TV, OLED and mobile screens. For these devices, it is best to give up subpixel rendering and rely on greyscale by using the
none
option.
Subpixel rendering
Subpixel rendering
is a technique to improve sharpness of font rendering by effectively tripling the horizontal (or vertical) resolution through the use of subpixels. On Windows machines, this technique is called
ClearType
.
FreeType2 provides two different types of subpixel rendering, called Harmony and ClearType (
FT_CONFIG_OPTION_SUBPIXEL_RENDERING
)
[3]
. Starting from FreeType 2.10.3, Arch Linux enables ClearType subpixel rendering by default
[4]
.
An LCD filter is recommended when ClearType subpixel rendering is enabled. The Harmony subpixel rendering does
not
require setting an LCD filter and with default LCD geometry, it is equivalent to ClearType with the
lcdlight
filter
[5]
. See the following section on how to enable an LCD filter and its benefits.
LCD filter
When using ClearType subpixel rendering, you should enable the LCD filter, which is designed to reduce color fringing.  This is described under
LCD filtering
in the FreeType 2 API reference.  Different options are described under
FT_LcdFilter
, and are illustrated by this
LCD filter test
page.
The
lcddefault
filter will work for most users. Other filters are available that can be used in special situations:
lcdlight
; a lighter filter ideal for fonts that look too bold or fuzzy,
lcdlegacy
, the original Cairo filter; and
lcdnone
to disable it entirely.
<match target="font">
    <edit name="lcdfilter" mode="assign">
      <const>lcddefault</const>
    </edit>
  </match>
Advanced LCD filter specification
If the available built-in LCD filters are not satisfactory, it is possible to tweak the font rendering very specifically by building a custom freetype2 package and modifying the hardcoded filters. The
Arch build system
can be used to build and install packages from source.
Checkout the
freetype2
PKGBUILD and download/extract the build files.
Arch build system#Retrieve PKGBUILD source
lists  some of the methods.
Enable ClearType subpixel rendering by editing the file
src/freetype-VERSION/include/freetype/config/ftoption.h
and uncommenting the
FT_CONFIG_OPTION_SUBPIXEL_RENDERING
macro.
Then, edit the file
src/freetype-VERSION/src/base/ftlcdfil.c
and look up the definition of the constant
default_weights
:
static const FT_LcdFiveTapFilter  default_weights =
    { 0x10, 0x40, 0x70, 0x40, 0x10 };
This constant defines a low-pass filter applied to the rendered glyph. Modify it as needed. (reference:
freetype list discussion
) Save the file, build and install the custom package:
$ makepkg --noextract
# pacman --remove --nodeps freetype2
# pacman --upgrade freetype2-
VERSION
-
ARCH
.pkg.tar.zstd
Restart X. The lcddefault filter should now render fonts differently.
Custom settings for certain fonts or font styles
Some fonts may not look good with BCI hinting. It can be disabled for just those fonts:
...
<match target="font">
    <test name="family" qual="any">
        <string>My Font</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
        <bool>false</bool>
    </edit>
</match>
...
Set default or fallback fonts
Match tests
A reliable way to set a default or fallback font is to add an XML fragment to perform a match test. With the "binding" attribute, for example, the following setting will fall back to
Gentium
in place of
Georgia
:
...
<match target="pattern">
  <test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq"><string>Georgia</string></test>
  <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same"><string>Gentium Book Plus</string></edit>
</match>
...
In the above, the "compare" attribute can be "eq" (i.e., exactly equal to
Georgia
), "contains" (e.g., matching either
Georgia
or
Georgia Pro
), or other values. See
fonts-conf(5)
.
Alias
An alternate approach is to use
<alias>
to set the "preferred" font. Fonts matching the
<family>
element are edited to prepend the list of
<prefer>
ed families before the matching
<family>
. The following example will fall back to
Bitstream Vera Sans
when
Helvetica
is called:
...
<alias>
    <family>Helvetica</family>
    <prefer>
        <family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>
    </prefer>
</alias>
...
<alias>
can also be used to specify fallback fonts when some glyphs are missing. For example, many versions of
Helvetica Neue
do not include Greek characters. A user might have
Helvetica Neue
installed and want to use it for Latin characters, and fall back to
FreeSans
for Greek characters due to its similarity to
Helvetica
. However, the same user might have set another font
Noto Sans
as the default sans-serif font. The following will allow this to be achieved:
...
<alias>
    <family>Helvetica Neue LT Pro</family>
    <prefer>
        <family>Helvetica Neue LT Pro</family>
        <family>FreeSans</family>
    </prefer>
</alias>
...
The above is not needed if the user simply wants to fall back to default fonts whenever glyphs are missing.
Whitelisting and blacklisting fonts
The element
<selectfont>
is used in conjunction with the
<acceptfont>
and
<rejectfont>
elements to selectively whitelist or blacklist fonts from the resolve list and match requests. The simplest and most typical use case is to reject a font that the user needs installed, but is getting matched for a generic font query that is causing problems with user interfaces.
First, obtain the Family name as listed in the font itself:
$ fc-scan .fonts/lklug.ttf --format='%{family}\n'
LKLUG
Then, use that Family name in a
<rejectfont>
stanza:
<selectfont>
    <rejectfont>
        <pattern>
            <patelt name="family" >
                <string>LKLUG</string>
            </patelt>
        </pattern>
    </rejectfont>
</selectfont>
Typically, when both elements are combined,
<rejectfont>
is first used on a more general matching glob to reject a large group (such as a whole directory), then
<acceptfont>
is used after it to whitelist individual fonts out of the larger blacklisted group.
<selectfont>
    <rejectfont>
        <glob>/usr/share/fonts/OTF/*</glob>
    </rejectfont>
    <acceptfont>
        <pattern>
            <patelt name="family" >
                <string>Monaco</string>
            </patelt>
        </pattern>
    </acceptfont>
</selectfont>
Bittérképes betűtípusok letiltása
A bittérképes (tehát a bitmap) betűkészleteket néha hiányzó betűkészletek helyettesítésére használják, ami a szöveg pixeles vagy túl nagy megjelenítését okozhatja. Használja a
70-no-bitmaps-except-emoji.conf
preset
beállítást ennek a viselkedésnek a letiltásához.
Az összes betűkészlet beágyazott bittérképes betűinek letiltásához:
~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/20-no-embedded.conf
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
  <match target="font">
    <edit name="embeddedbitmap" mode="assign">
      <bool>false</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>
</fontconfig>
Egy adott betűkészlet beágyazott bittérképes betűinek a letiltásához:
<match target="font">
  <test qual="any" name="family">
    <string>Monaco</string>
  </test>
  <edit name="embeddedbitmap">
    <bool>false</bool>
  </edit>
</match>
Ha az összes betűkészletnél le vannak tiltva a beágyazott bittérképes betűk, akkor egy adott betűkészletnél továbbra is engedélyezhetőek, amennyiben az beágyazott bittérképes betűk nélkül nem működik. Például a Noto Color Emoji esetében:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
  <match target="font">
    <edit name="embeddedbitmap" mode="assign">
      <bool>false</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="font">
    <test name="family" qual="any">
      <string>Noto Color Emoji</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="embeddedbitmap">
      <bool>true</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>
</fontconfig>
Disable scaling of bitmap fonts
To disable scaling of bitmap fonts (which often makes them blurry), remove
/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf
.
Note this can break the scaling of emoji fonts such as Segoe UI Emoji, making them huge.
To re-enable scaling of bitmap fonts, re-create the symbolic link:
# ln -s /usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/
Create bold and italic styles for incomplete fonts
FreeType has the ability to automatically create
italic
and
bold
styles for fonts that do not have them, but only if explicitly required by the application. Given programs rarely send these requests, this section covers manually forcing generation of missing styles.
Start by editing
/usr/share/fonts/fonts.cache-1
as explained below. Store a copy of the modifications on another file, because a font update with
fc-cache
will overwrite
/usr/share/fonts/fonts.cache-1
.
Assuming the Dupree font is installed:
"dupree.ttf" 0 "Dupree:style=Regular:slant=0:weight=80:width=100:foundry=unknown:index=0:outline=True:
etc...
Duplicate the line, change
style=Regular
to
style=Bold
or any other style. Also change
slant=0
to
slant=100
for italic,
weight=80
to
weight=200
for bold, or combine them for
bold italic
:
"dupree.ttf" 0 "Dupree:style=Bold Italic:slant=100:weight=200:width=100:foundry=unknown:index=0:outline=True:
etc...
Now add necessary modifications to
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
:
...
<match target="font">
    <test name="family" qual="any">
        <string>Dupree</string>
         <!-- other fonts here .... -->
     </test>
     <test name="weight" compare="more_eq"><int>140</int></test>
     <edit name="embolden" mode="assign"><bool>true</bool></edit>
</match>

<match target="font">
    <test name="family" qual="any">
        <string>Dupree</string>
        <!-- other fonts here .... -->
    </test>
    <test name="slant" compare="more_eq"><int>80</int></test>
    <edit name="matrix" mode="assign">
        <times>
            <name>matrix</name>
                <matrix>
                    <double>1</double><double>0.2</double>
                    <double>0</double><double>1</double>
                </matrix>
        </times>
    </edit>
</match>
...
Tipp
Use the value
embolden
for existing bold fonts in order to make them even bolder.
Rule priority
Fontconfig processes files in
/etc/fonts/conf.d
in numerical order. Therefore, the rules of
01-aaa.conf
and
02-bbb.conf
will have the same effect as a single
01-aaabbb.conf
file first containing the rules of
01-aaa
then the ones of
02-bbb
.
Usually, that means the files with the smaller prefix will have higher precedence. However, the Fontconfig syntax is flexible and allows a new rule to take precedence over an existing rule. Therefore, it is recommended to
#Query the current settings
to test the result of the rule interactions.
The factual accuracy of this article or section is disputed.
Reason:
The actual behavior seems to be different from what is described below. (Discuss in
Talk:Font configuration (Magyar)#Rule priority
)
Note that the user's rules defined in
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
and in the directory
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d
are loaded via the file
/etc/fonts/conf.d/50-user.conf
and typically take precedence over the rules defined in files starting with a higher number.
Query the current settings
To find out what settings are in effect, use
fc-match --verbose
. eg.
$ fc-match --verbose Sans
family: "DejaVu Sans"(s)
hintstyle: 3(i)(s)
hinting: True(s)
...
Look up the meaning of the numbers at
fonts-conf(5)
Eg. 'hintstyle: 3' means 'hintfull'
Alkalmazások Fontconfig támogatás nélkül
Megjegyzés
Qt 6.8 at least with the xcb backend started to give the X11 resources  preference over fontconfig, so these settings will become authorative for Qt 6 clients despite their full fontconfig support.
Some applications like
URxvt
will ignore Fontconfig settings. You can work around this by using
~/.Xresources
, but it is not as flexible as Fontconfig. Example (see
#Fontconfig configuration
for explanations of the options):
~/.Xresources
Xft.autohint: 0
Xft.lcdfilter: lcddefault
Xft.hintstyle: hintslight
Xft.hinting: 1
Xft.antialias: 1
Xft.rgba: rgb
Make sure the settings are loaded properly when X starts with
xrdb -q
(see
X resources
for more information).
Troubleshooting
Distorted fonts
See
HiDPI
for instructions on handling high or mixed DPI displays: using a DPI setting which is not matching the physical hardware can lead to fuzzy font display.
Calibri, Cambria, Monaco, etc. not rendering properly
Some scalable fonts have embedded bitmap versions which are rendered instead, mainly at smaller sizes. Using
Metric-compatible fonts
as replacements can improve the rendering in these cases.
You can also force using scalable fonts at all sizes by
disabling embedded bitmap
[
Hibás hivatkozás
: Érvénytelen szekció]
, sacrificing some rendering quality.
Applications overriding hinting
Some applications or desktop environments may override default Fontconfig hinting and anti-aliasing settings. This may happen with
GNOME
3, for example while you are using Qt applications like
vlc
or
smplayer
. Use the specific configuration program for the application in such cases. For GNOME, try
gnome-tweaks
.
Applications not picking up hinting from GNOME settings
For instance, under GNOME it sometimes happens that Firefox applies full hinting even when it is set to "none" in GNOME's settings, which results in sharp and widened fonts. In this case you would have to add hinting settings to your
fonts.conf
file:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
 <match target="font">
  <edit mode="assign" name="hinting">
   <bool>false</bool>
  </edit>
 </match>
</fontconfig>
In this example, hinting is set to
grayscale
.
Incorrect hinting in GTK applications
In some desktop environments, especially outside
GNOME
and
Plasma
, some GTK applications could not read font configuration properly. In order to solve this issue, install
xsettingsd
or
xsettingsd-git
AUR
and execute it at every system startup. See also
Xsettingsd
and
xsettingsd wiki
for more information. It can be configured with the following common configuration:
~/.xsettingsd
Xft/Hinting 1
Xft/HintStyle "hintslight"
Xft/Antialias 1
Xft/RGBA "rgb"
If that is not working in some other applications, you could install
xorg-xrdb
and provide the following configuration:
~/.Xresources
Xft.hinting: 1
Xft.hintstyle: hintslight
Xft.antialias: 1
Xft.rgba: rgb
Then you can execute the script
xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources
at every system startup to apply the options. See also
X resources
and
#Applications without Fontconfig support
[
Hibás hivatkozás
: Érvénytelen szekció]
.
Hinting in GTK4 programs
GTK4 and libadwaita programs ignore font hinting settings. To remedy this, create or modify the following configuration:
~/.config/gtk-4.0/settings.ini
[Settings]
gtk-hint-font-metrics=true
gtk-font-rendering=manual
See also
GTK documentation
,
GTK issue 3787
, and
this related note
.
Helvetica font problem in generated PDFs
If the following command
fc-match helvetica
produces
helvR12-ISO8859-1.pcf.gz: "Helvetica" "Regular"
then the bitmap font provided by
xorg-fonts-75dpi
is likely to be embedded into PDFs generated by "Print to File" or "Export" in various applications. The bitmap font was probably installed as a consequence of installing the whole
xorg
group (which is usually NOT recommended). To solve the pixelized font problem, you can uninstall the package. Install
gsfonts
(Type 1) or
tex-gyre-fonts
(OpenType) for corresponding free substitute of Helvetica (and other PostScript/PDF base fonts).
You may also experience similar problem when you open a PDF which requires Helvetica but does not have it embedded for viewing.
FreeType breaking bitmap fonts
Some users are reporting problems (
FS#52502
) with bitmap fonts having changed names after upgrading
freetype2
to version 2.7.1, creating havoc in terminal emulators and several other programs such as
dwm
or
dmenu
by falling back to another (different) font. This was caused by the changes to the PCF font family format, which is described in their
release notes
[6]
. Users transitioning from the old format might want to create a
font alias
to remedy the problems, like the solution which is described in
[7]
, given here too:
Assume we want to create an alias for
terminus-font
, which was renamed from
Terminus
to
xos4 Terminus
in the previously described
freetype2
update:
This article or section is out of date.
Reason:
/etc/fonts/conf.avail
was replaced with
/usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail
, but it is intended for pre-installed files. (Discuss in
Talk:Font configuration (Magyar)
)
Create a configuration file in
/etc/fonts/conf.avail/
for the
font alias
:
/etc/fonts/conf.avail/33-TerminusPCFFont.conf
<?xml version="1.0"?>
 <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
 <fontconfig>
     <alias>
         <family>Terminus</family>
         <prefer><family>xos4 Terminus</family></prefer>
         <default><family>fixed</family></default>
     </alias>
 </fontconfig>
Create a symbolic link towards it in the
/etc/fonts/conf.d
directory. In our example we would link as follows:
ln -s /etc/fonts/conf.avail/33-TerminusPCFFont.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d
to make the change permanent.
Everything should now work as it did before the update, the
font alias
should not be in effect, but make sure to either reload
.Xresources
or restart the display server first so the affected programs can use the alias.
Underscores not rendered with DejaVu Monospace
Since Pango 1.44
, the underscore characters disappear with certain font sizes when using the DejaVu Sans Mono font. A workaround is to use Liberation Mono as the monospace font, see
#Set default or fallback fonts
.
Debugging FreeType fonts
freetype2-demos
provides tools for debugging FreeType font configuration.
ftview
is a GUI in which you can tweak font rendering settings with a live preview. For example:
$ ftview -e unic -d 1024x768x24 -r 96 10 /usr/share/fonts/noto/NotoSans-Regular.ttf
Text is blurry
Some applications (e.g. Chromium/Electron) do not apply gamma correction properly, some have it disabled on certain scenarios (grayscale) which cause small text on dark background to be blurry and unreadable text on <=1080p screens. It is a
long standing issue for Chromium/Electron
, a workaround is to
enable stem darkerning
with the
FREETYPE_PROPERTIES="cff:no-stem-darkening=0 autofitter:no-stem-darkening=0"
environment variable
.
font-config-info
You can gather your effective font configuration with
font-config-info-git
AUR
. It queries information from
several
GTK
sources,
X resources
,
XSETTINGS
protocol and
fontconfig
.
További olvasnivaló a témában
An Xft Tutorial
by Keith Packard
Fonts in X11
FreeType 2
FreeType 2 API Reference: Controlling FreeType Modules
Gentoo font-rendering thread
On slight hinting