Armut Standart Çöğür Anacı Seçimi-2
Seedling Rootstock Selection for Pears-2
Yazar: Büyükyılmaz, Mustafa; Ağaoğlu, Yusuf Sabit; Bulagay, Ali Nihat
Dergi: Bahçe, Vol. 17 No. 1-2, 1988
Anahtar kelimeler: Agricultural Engineering (Other) ; Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer) ; Armut,Çöğür,Anaç ; Pear,Seedling,Rootstock

Bazı kültür çeşitleriyle, yabani türlerin standart armut çöğür anacı olarak kullanılabilmeleri amacı ile başlatılan bu projenin yabani türlerle ilgili bölümü tamamlanmıştır. Bu bölümde Doğu Marmara Bölgesinde yaygın yabani armut türlerinin çöğür anacı olabilme özelliklerini tespit etmek üzere yapılan çalışmada, P.communis L. ve P.elaeagnifolia Pall. olmak üzere iki tür tespit edilmiştir. Bunların somatik kromozom sayılarının 2n = 34 olduğu bulunmuştur. Tohumların çimlenme oranları yüzde olarak gösterilmiş, çöğür ve sürgünlerde çap ve boy ölçümleri yapılmış ve aşı tutma oranlan hesaplanmıştır. Çap ve boy üniformiteleri varyasyon katsayısı (CV) ile ifade edilmiştir. Kök gelişimi gözlem yolu ile incelenmiştir. Sayılan bu özellikler esas alınarak veriler "Tartılı-Derecelendirme" yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiş ve P.communis L. türüne ait YA-1603, YA-4105, YA-4104, YA-1604 ve YA-4111 no.lu tipler Williams (ST)’ın da önünde en iyi olarak ilk sıralarda yer almışlardır.

The second step in pear seedling rootstock selection of some pear cultivars and wild species was terminated in 1989. The study for the second step was carried out to determine the suitability of wild pear trees, widely grown in the Eastern Marmara Region, as seedling rootstocks for pear cultivars. The most widespread species determined were P.communis L. followed by P.elaeagnifolia Pall. The chromosomes in root tips were counted by squash technique and the chromosome number of these species was found to be 2n = 34. The seeds of the trees were first stratified in moistened perlite medium at 4℃ for 100 days. The seeds were later sown in pots filled with soil mixture (1/3 soil, 1/3 sand, 1/3 manure) and the pots were placed in a greenhouse. The seedlings were allowed to grow until they had 5-6 leaves, then they were transplanted to budding plots in the field. The germination percentage of the seeds sown in the mixture changed between 37.8-94.7%. The diameter and height of seedlings and shoots were measured four times with monthly intervals during the growing season. The last measurement covered seedling diameters (4.96-9.06 mm), seedling heights (11.53-69.91 cm), shoot diameters (10.38-12.35 mm), and shoot heights (114.43-145.20 cm). The percentage of seedlings which can be budded and the percentage of bud-take were found to be in between 29.2-100.0% and 54.7-100.0%, respectively. The growth characterized as diameters and heights of both seedlings and shoots was studied against time and the data were evaluated by using regression lines. The growth rate of P.elaeagnifolia Pall. seedlings were very slow for both diameter and height, but there was no significant difference between shoot and growth rates of both species. Root growth of wild pear types was also examined. General appearance of roots was evaluated by a jury and the points (10 becoming the highest) given by the Jury were in between 5.63-9.00. The overall data were evaluated for potential rootstock use by using "Weighted-Rankit" method based on the parameters considered for evaluations. The evaluations showed that only the types of P.communis L. numbered as YA-1603, YA-4105, YA-4104, YA-1604, and YA-4111 appeared to be potential seedling roots tock which were superior to open-pollinated Williams cultivar used as the Control.