Sığırlarda Paratüberkülozun Serolojik, Allerjik ve Bakteriyolojik Muayene Yöntemleri ile Mukayeseli Olarak Araştırılması
A comparative study on serological, allergic and bacteriological examination of paratuberculosıs in cattle.
Yazar: Vural, Bülent; Atala, Nuray; Çelebi, Mustafa
Dergi: Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Vol. 8 No. 1, 1995
Anahtar kelimeler: Veterinary Surgery ; Veteriner Cerrahi ; Sığır,Paratüberküloz,Bülent VURAL,Nuray ATALA,Mustafa ÇELEBİ,1995,Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi,Yetiştirme Hastalıkları,Paratüberkülozun Araştırılması

Paratüberküloz son zamanlarda önem kazanan bir yetiştirme hastalığı olarak ruminantlarda görülmektedir. Bu hastalıktan ileri gelen ekonomik kayıplar önemlidir. Dünyada yaygın olan bu hastalığa ülkemizde de rastlanmaktadır. Çalışmamızda paratüberkülozun çeşitli teşhis yöntemleri ile araştırılması beş ayrı işletmede serolojik, allerjik ve gaita örneklerinin bakteriyolojik yoklaması ile yapıldı ve aşağıdaki sonuçlar alındı. İşletmelerden temin edilen 5118 kan serumu komplement fikzasyon testi ile işlenip 85 pozitif 30 şüpheli reaksiyon alındı. Allerjik teşhisde PPD avian ve PPD johnin kullanılarak 4923 sığırda yapılan tüberkülin testinde 73 pozitif 19 şüpheli reaksiyon tesbit edildi. Serolojik ve allerjik testlerde reaksiyon alınan 145 sığıra PPD johnin uygulandı ve 52 pozitif , 6 şüpheli reaksiyon alındı. Bu sığılardan temin edilen gaita kültürlerinden 15 adedinde M.paratuberculosis izole edilmiştir; ayrıca rektal mukoza kazıntı örneklerinin mikroskopik yoklamalarında 4 pozitif olgu değerlendirilmişitir.

Paratüberculosis has recently become an important breed ing disease inruminants in many countries since it has caused great economic losses. Beingworldwide, paratuberculosis alsa occurs in our country .in this study, the use of different diagnostic methods in paratuberculosiswas investigated in 5 different farms by serological and allergical tests as wellas bacteriological examination of feces samples. The results obtained are asfollows :5118 blood sera from 5 herds were tested with the antigen prepared withM.paratuberculosis 3 and 5 path strains by complement fixation test and 85positive and 30 suspected sera were found .The sera that responded to paratuberculosis were tested with avian antigenby the complement fixation test and 76 positive and 18 suspected sera werefound .Tuberculin (PPD bovine, PPD avian) administration in 4923 catle resultedin 73 positives and 19 suspected to PPD avian and no posit ives to PPD bovine.According to serological and suspected cattle were kept separately. Twomonths afterwards, PPD Johnin was administered on them . PPD John in tuberculinadministered on 145 cattle resulted in 52 pozitives and 6 suspected .15 M. paratuberculosis isolations were made from rectal mucosa and fecessamples from 145 cattle that responded to allerg ical and serological test inbacteriological examinations (Herold egg . yolk medum with and withoutmycobactin) Furthermore, 9 M. pheli isolations were made, causing transientsensibilisation .In one management, 21 cattle that reacted to PPD avian were negative forPPD Johnin and serological tests . Bacteriological examinations offeces samplesfrom these animals gave negative results. These examinations were carriedout three times with 6 month intervals.In bacteriological carried out on starlings that are widely present in winter.Runyon group AAR mycobacteria were isolated. This mycobacterium induceno lesions in laboratory animals. Tuberculin (PPD bovine. PPD avian and PPDJohnin were inoculated into guinea pigs in equal doses and positive reactionoccured to PPD avian only.After tuberculin administration two months later on cattle, positive reaction to PPD avian was observed to have disappeared.Ina herd , cattle vaccinated against paratuberculosis responded to PPD avianand Johnin , however, serological tests and PPD bovine results were negative.Ina herd of 22b0 cattle that hadproblemsin the past with paratuberculosisallergical tests were carried out (PPD avian and PPD John in were adm inisteredwith 6 month interval). In 1990, periodical hygienic applications were made inthis management and 34 cattle positive for paratuberculosis in 1990 and 16positive cattle in the first s ix months of 1991 and 11 positive cattle in the secondsix months of 1991 were slaughtered . Allergical and serological tests carriedout in 1992 and 1993 in complete herd resulted in negative reactions . lt wasconcluded that this result was a consequent of the change from range systemto feedlot system .In the fa rm s on which our'study was carried out no animals with prominentsymptoms of paratuberculosis were observed with an exception that the animalspositive after feces cultures exhibited repeated diarrhea and there wascachexia in some animals .In the positive animals, infection could be defined as subclinical or latentinfection of 15 cattle whose feces cultures were positive , 11 were positive , thatis diagnostic efficiency of cultures was 73,2 % i however this was 92,3 % inPPD Johnin .