hakansabunis/tr-academic-research-agent-index huggingface dataset:
Hastalık Şiddeti, Pektolitik Enzim ve Zearalenone Üretimi Açısından Yerel Mısır Çeşitlerinin Fusarium Verticillioides ´e Karşı Reaksiyonları
Reactions of Local Maize Cultivars to Fusarium verticillioides Based on Disease Severity and Production of Pectolytic Enzymes and Zearalenone Toxin
Yazar: Büyük, Orhan; Özer, Nuray
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 39 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: Fusarium verticillioides, cultivar reactions, pectate lyase, polygalacturonase, zearalenone toxin

Eleven local maize cultivars from the West Black Sea Region of Turkey were analyzed for reactions to Fusarium verticillioides, the causal agent of ear rot in maize. Tests were based on disease severity, associated quantitative and qualitative polygalacturonase (PG) and pectate lyase (PL) activities, and zearalenone (ZEA) concentration after kernel inoculation by pathogen. The kernels of same cultivars were also tested for the presence of ZEA before inoculation. The pathogen caused low disease severity and exhibited low PG and no PL activity in the cultivars Bartın22 and Düzce50. ZEA concentration in all cultivars except two of them were below the recommended limits before inoculation of the pathogen and increased at very low rates in the cultivars Bartın22, Düzce50 and Düzce97 after inoculation. PG and PL activities were positively correlated with disease development. This study suggests the importance of pectolytic enzyme activity produced by F. verticillioides in maize kernels at the early phases of pathogenesis and it can be possible use in monitoring resistance

Eleven local maize cultivars from the West Black Sea Region of Turkey were analyzed for reactions to Fusarium verticillioides, the causal agent of ear rot in maize. Tests were based on disease severity, associated quantitative and qualitative polygalacturonase (PG) and pectate lyase (PL) activities, and zearalenone (ZEA) concentration after kernel inoculation by pathogen. The kernels of same cultivars were also tested for the presence of ZEA before inoculation. The pathogen caused low disease severity and exhibited low PG and no PL activity in the cultivars Bartın22 and Düzce50. ZEA concentration in all cultivars except two of them were below the recommended limits before inoculation of the pathogen and increased at very low rates in the cultivars Bartın22, Düzce50 and Düzce97 after inoculation. PG and PL activities were positively correlated with disease development. This study suggests the importance of pectolytic enzyme activity produced by F. verticillioides in maize kernels at the early phases of pathogenesis and it can be possible use in monitoring resistance
Nohutta Ascochyta Yanıklıklık Etmeni Ascochyta Rabıeı'nın TÜRK İzolatlarının Toksin Üretimi ve DNA Sekans Analizleri
Toxin Production and DNA Sequence Analysis of Turkish Isolates of Ascochyta rabiei, the Causual Agent of Ascochyta Blight in Chickpea
Yazar: Dolar, F. Sara
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 39 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: Solanapyrone, Ascochyta rabiei, Chickpea, DNA Sequence

In this study, twenty isolates of Ascochyta rabiei were isolated from disease-enfecteol chickpea plants which were collected from chickpea growing areas in Turkey. In order to determine solanapyrone production of these isolates, the fungus was grown on Czapek Dox liquid culture medium (CDLCM) for 12 day at two different temperatures. Quantitation of solanapyrones was determined with HPLC analyses. The results demonstrated that all isolates produced solanapyrone A in CDLCM at 200C but not at 300C. Confirmation of the identity of the pathogen was sought by sequence analysis of rDNA. These experiments showed that the sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and 5.8 S gene of the seven isolates, which were identical to each other, were also identical to that of a Pakistan isolate of A.rabiei. rDNA sequences of the PCR products of isolates of A.rabiei which were produced different amount of toxin were same

In this study, twenty isolates of Ascochyta rabiei were isolated from disease-enfecteol chickpea plants which were collected from chickpea growing areas in Turkey. In order to determine solanapyrone production of these isolates, the fungus was grown on Czapek Dox liquid culture medium (CDLCM) for 12 day at two different temperatures. Quantitation of solanapyrones was determined with HPLC analyses. The results demonstrated that all isolates produced solanapyrone A in CDLCM at 200C but not at 300C. Confirmation of the identity of the pathogen was sought by sequence analysis of rDNA. These experiments showed that the sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and 5.8 S gene of the seven isolates, which were identical to each other, were also identical to that of a Pakistan isolate of A.rabiei. rDNA sequences of the PCR products of isolates of A.rabiei which were produced different amount of toxin were same
Nevşehir İli Patates Ekiliş Alanlarında Patates Siğil Hastalığı (Synchytrium Endobioticum)'na Karşı Çeşit Reaksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi
Determination of Variety Reaction to Potato Wart Disease (Synchytrium endobioticum) in Potato Planting Areas of Nevsehir Province, Turkey
Yazar: Günaçtı, Hale; Erkılıç, Ali
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 39 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: Potato, Synchytrium endobioticum, susceptibility, resistance

Potato wart disease is caused by the soil borne fungus Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilberszky) Percival belong to Chytridiomycetes class as an obligate fungus. In order to determine the varietal reactions against the pathogen, an experiment was conducted in Derinkuyu district in Nevşehir, in 2008. Thirty varieties including industrial and table ones, were used in the trial. The lowest disease intensity ratio (11.1%) was recorded on Jelly variety. In addition, 15 varieties showing much tolerant reaction than Jelly variety were placed in the same group, statistically. Binella was found as the most susceptible variety with the disease intensity in rate of 26.2 %. In general, the most resistant variety was Jelly (11.1 %) and the most susceptible variety was Binella (26.2 %). Nearly half of the varieties showed disease intensity ratios between 11.1–15.4 %, and the rest showed 16.0-26.2 % disease reaction

Potato wart disease is caused by the soil borne fungus Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilberszky) Percival belong to Chytridiomycetes class as an obligate fungus. In order to determine the varietal reactions against the pathogen, an experiment was conducted in Derinkuyu district in Nevşehir, in 2008. Thirty varieties including industrial and table ones, were used in the trial. The lowest disease intensity ratio (11.1%) was recorded on Jelly variety. In addition, 15 varieties showing much tolerant reaction than Jelly variety were placed in the same group, statistically. Binella was found as the most susceptible variety with the disease intensity in rate of 26.2 %. In general, the most resistant variety was Jelly (11.1 %) and the most susceptible variety was Binella (26.2 %). Nearly half of the varieties showed disease intensity ratios between 11.1–15.4 %, and the rest showed 16.0-26.2 % disease reaction
Fungal Patojenler ile Convolvulus Arvensıs L.'in Biyolojik Mücadelesi Çalışmaları
Biological control studies on Convolvulus arvensis L. with fungal pathogens
Yazar: Tunalı, B.; Kansu, B.; Berner, D. K.
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 38 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: mycoherbicide, field bindweed, biological control, fungi

Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) is a perennial, noxious weed in Europe and in many agricultural areas of the world, including Turkey. Some pathogenic fungi were identified as potential to control bindweed and some of them could be used as mycoherbicide components. In the summer of 2008, 2009 and 2010 the diseased bindweed plants were collected from different sites of Amasya, Ankara, Çorum, Samsun and Tokat provinces. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased plants and they were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Bindweed plants were grown in a climatically controlled room to the 4 to 5-leaf stage; they were inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of each fungi at various densities specified. Spores were sprayed onto bindweed plants with a hand sprayer until runoff. Dates were recorded for each isolate when disease lesions became visible, and the proportions of diseased leaves, out of the total number of leaves, on each inoculated plant were recorded. Stagonospora convolvuli, Colletotrichum linicola and Myrothecium verrucaria produced the highest level of diseases on the inoculated test plants. Plant heights of C. arvensis were recorded the shortest following inoculation with C. linicola and a Phoma sp. These results indicate that, C. linicola seems potentially effective and field tests alone or in combination with S. convolvuli, should be performed

Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) is a perennial, noxious weed in Europe and in many agricultural areas of the world, including Turkey. Some pathogenic fungi were identified as potential to control bindweed and some of them could be used as mycoherbicide components. In the summer of 2008, 2009 and 2010 the diseased bindweed plants were collected from different sites of Amasya, Ankara, Çorum, Samsun and Tokat provinces. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased plants and they were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Bindweed plants were grown in a climatically controlled room to the 4 to 5-leaf stage; they were inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension of each fungi at various densities specified. Spores were sprayed onto bindweed plants with a hand sprayer until runoff. Dates were recorded for each isolate when disease lesions became visible, and the proportions of diseased leaves, out of the total number of leaves, on each inoculated plant were recorded. Stagonospora convolvuli, Colletotrichum linicola and Myrothecium verrucaria produced the highest level of diseases on the inoculated test plants. Plant heights of C. arvensis were recorded the shortest following inoculation with C. linicola and a Phoma sp. These results indicate that, C. linicola seems potentially effective and field tests alone or in combination with S. convolvuli, should be performed
Türkiye'de Sorgumda Tohum Kaynaklı Mikofloranın Belirlenmesi
Detection of Seed Borne Mycoflora of Sorghum in Turkey
Yazar: Turgay, Emine Burcu; Ünal, Filiz
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 38 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: Sorghum, seed pathology, mycoflora

Seed borne mycoflora of 23 sorghum seed samples collected from different localities of Turkey was investigated using blotter, agar plate and deep freezing methods as recommended by ISTA. 19 species (Absidia sp, Acremoniella sp., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia lunata, Drechslera tetramera, Epicoccum sp., Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium nygamai, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium semitectum, Fusarium subglutinans, Fusarium verticillioides, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus sp.) of 23 sorghum seed samples were determined to be new records for Turkey which belong to 11 genera. Our results showed that Alternaria alternata was the predominant species among these areas. Higher number of fungi was isolated by using deep-freezing method as compared to agar and blotter methods

Seed borne mycoflora of 23 sorghum seed samples collected from different localities of Turkey was investigated using blotter, agar plate and deep freezing methods as recommended by ISTA. 19 species (Absidia sp, Acremoniella sp., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia lunata, Drechslera tetramera, Epicoccum sp., Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium nygamai, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium semitectum, Fusarium subglutinans, Fusarium verticillioides, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus sp.) of 23 sorghum seed samples were determined to be new records for Turkey which belong to 11 genera. Our results showed that Alternaria alternata was the predominant species among these areas. Higher number of fungi was isolated by using deep-freezing method as compared to agar and blotter methods
Acıbenzolar-S-Methyl ve Non-Patojen Fusarium Oxysporum Melonis (Fom) Tarafından Patlıcan Fidelerinde Fusarium Solgunluk Hastalığına Karşı Sistemik Dayanıklılığın Teşviki
Activation of systemic disease resistance by acibenzolar-S-methyl and a non-pathogen Fusarium oxysporum melonis (FOM) strain against Fusarium wilt disease in eggplant seedlings
Yazar: Altınok, H. Handan
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 38 No. 1-2-3, 2014

The plant defence activator acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM; Actigard 50 WG) and a non pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain (FOM; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) were assayed on eggplant seedlings for its ability to induce resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. Pre-treatment of eggplants with ASM and FOM significantly reduced the severity of the disease. The lowest disease ratings were detected at a time interval of 72 h between treatment and pathogen inoculation. With this interval, disease severity in ASM and FOM-treated plants was reduced to 30.1% and 20.1%, respectively, while positive control was 91.0%, at 21th day after inoculation. Microscopical studies showed a strong correlation between the interval of inducerpathogen inoculation and lignin accumulation in xylem cells undergoing hypersensitive reactions, whereas no staining were observed in negative control plants. Intense lignin accumulation in xylem vessels indicate both treatments are able induce resistance in eggplant against this disease

The plant defence activator acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM; Actigard 50 WG) and a non pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain (FOM; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) were assayed on eggplant seedlings for its ability to induce resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. Pre-treatment of eggplants with ASM and FOM significantly reduced the severity of the disease. The lowest disease ratings were detected at a time interval of 72 h between treatment and pathogen inoculation. With this interval, disease severity in ASM and FOM-treated plants was reduced to 30.1% and 20.1%, respectively, while positive control was 91.0%, at 21th day after inoculation. Microscopical studies showed a strong correlation between the interval of inducerpathogen inoculation and lignin accumulation in xylem cells undergoing hypersensitive reactions, whereas no staining were observed in negative control plants. Intense lignin accumulation in xylem vessels indicate both treatments are able induce resistance in eggplant against this disease
Samsun İlinde Fasulye Üretim Alanlarında Enfeksiyon Oluşturan Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV) ve Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus (BCMNV)'ün Irklarının Belirlenmesi
Differentiation of Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV) and Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus (BCMNV) Strains Infecting Common Bean in Samsun Province
Yazar: Deligöz, İlyas; Sökmen, Miray Arli
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 37 No. 1-2-3, 2014

Nine Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and three Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) isolates were obtained from leaf and seed samples collected from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production areas in Samsun province in 2006. BCMV and BCMNV strains were determined by inoculating these isolates on primary leaves of differential host cultivars individually and verifying a range of cultivar reactions against these isolates. Seven isolates were identified as BCMV NL-6 strain, one isolate induced reaction patterns similar to BCMV NL-4 strain and one isolate was characterized as RU-1 strain of BCMV. According to symptom expression of the differential hosts, all BCMNV isolates were found to be NL-3 strain

Nine Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and three Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) isolates were obtained from leaf and seed samples collected from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production areas in Samsun province in 2006. BCMV and BCMNV strains were determined by inoculating these isolates on primary leaves of differential host cultivars individually and verifying a range of cultivar reactions against these isolates. Seven isolates were identified as BCMV NL-6 strain, one isolate induced reaction patterns similar to BCMV NL-4 strain and one isolate was characterized as RU-1 strain of BCMV. According to symptom expression of the differential hosts, all BCMNV isolates were found to be NL-3 strain
Samsun İli Kabak Üretim Alanlarında Squash mosaic virus (SqMV)' nün Bulunuş Oranlarının Belirlenmesi
Occurrence of Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) Infecting Pumpkin and Squash Growing in Samsun, Turkey
Yazar: Şevik, Mehmet Ali; Toksöz, Yusuf
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 37 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: SqMV, detection, epidemiology, seed transmission, virus

Most of the cucurbits grown in Samsun showed symptoms of virus infection. The symptoms were characterized by severe or mild green mosaic, green vein-banding, deformation or reduction in leaf and fruit shape and size. The yield was also affected by the viruses. Surveys were conducted during 2009 to 2010 identify the SqMV infecting pumpkin and squash in Samsun, Turkey. Cucurbita species, namely C. pepo L., C. moschata Duch, and C. maxima Duch, samples were collected from 22 fields and tested by double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) was detected with 20.9% incidence in Cucurbita species after analysing the symptomatic samples by DAS-ELISA. This is the first report of SqMV in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

Most of the cucurbits grown in Samsun showed symptoms of virus infection. The symptoms were characterized by severe or mild green mosaic, green vein-banding, deformation or reduction in leaf and fruit shape and size. The yield was also affected by the viruses. Surveys were conducted during 2009 to 2010 identify the SqMV infecting pumpkin and squash in Samsun, Turkey. Cucurbita species, namely C. pepo L., C. moschata Duch, and C. maxima Duch, samples were collected from 22 fields and tested by double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) was detected with 20.9% incidence in Cucurbita species after analysing the symptomatic samples by DAS-ELISA. This is the first report of SqMV in the Black Sea Region of Turkey
Bazı Şeftali ve Nektarin Çeşitlerinin Yaprak Kıvırcıklığı Hastalığı (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.)'na Karşı Arazi Koşullarda Hassasiyeti
Susceptibility of Some Peach and Nectarine Varieties to Leaf Curl Disease (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.) in Field Conditions
Yazar: Kaymak, Suat; Boyraz, Nuh; Baştaş, Kubilay Kurtuluş
Dergi: The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, Vol. 37 No. 1-2-3, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler: Leaf curl, nectarine, peach, resistance, Taphrina deformans

Leaf curl, caused by Taphrina deformans, is a serious disease on peaches and nectarines. Heavily infected fruit trees are poorly nourished, develop fewer flower buds, and are more easily damaged from freezing in winter. To prevent these negative effects, the best approach is to breed and grow cultivars genetically resistant to the pathogen.In this research,susceptibility of 82 peach and 22 nectarine varieties to leaf curl disease was investigated in ecological conditions of Isparta province in 2003 and 2004. Disease severity was calculated by the 0-5 scale when typical symptoms of leaf curl were evaluated on peach and nectarine leaves in naturally infected orchards.The conditions of natural infection allowed grouping the biological material in 4 classes (plant growth stages) and 6 groups of resistance for leaf curl disease severity. The results indicated that early varieties; ‘Sun High and Tejon’, middle early variety; ‘Flour Dasun’, middle season variety; ‘Shesta’ and late varieties; ‘Andros, Muir and Red King’ were determined as highly susceptible. All of the early nectarine varieties, middle early varieties; ‘Crimson Cold, Independence and Spring Red’, middle season varieties; ‘Nec8, Stark Red Gold and Nec-6’ and late variety ‘June Berta’ were found as susceptible varieties

Leaf curl, caused by Taphrina deformans, is a serious disease on peaches and nectarines. Heavily infected fruit trees are poorly nourished, develop fewer flower buds, and are more easily damaged from freezing in winter. To prevent these negative effects, the best approach is to breed and grow cultivars genetically resistant to the pathogen.In this research,susceptibility of 82 peach and 22 nectarine varieties to leaf curl disease was investigated in ecological conditions of Isparta province in 2003 and 2004. Disease severity was calculated by the 0-5 scale when typical symptoms of leaf curl were evaluated on peach and nectarine leaves in naturally infected orchards.The conditions of natural infection allowed grouping the biological material in 4 classes (plant growth stages) and 6 groups of resistance for leaf curl disease severity. The results indicated that early varieties; ‘Sun High and Tejon’, middle early variety; ‘Flour Dasun’, middle season variety; ‘Shesta’ and late varieties; ‘Andros, Muir and Red King’ were determined as highly susceptible. All of the early nectarine varieties, middle early varieties; ‘Crimson Cold, Independence and Spring Red’, middle season varieties; ‘Nec8, Stark Red Gold and Nec-6’ and late variety ‘June Berta’ were found as susceptible varieties