Kanatlı Hayvan İmmün Sistemi Üzerine Antibakteriyel İlaçların Etkileri
The Effects of Antibacterial Drugs on Immune System of Poultry
Yazar: Şanlı, Yusuf; Yardımcı, Hakan; Akan, Mehmet; Aştı, Reşat; Kurtdede, Nevin; Bilgili, Ali; Filazi, Ayhan
Dergi: Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Vol. 9 No. 2, 1997
Anahtar kelimeler: Veterinary Surgery ; Veteriner Cerrahi ; Etlik veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi,Antibakteriyel ilaç,Kanatlı Hayvanlar,Aşılama,İmmün Sistem,Etkileşme

Bu çalışmada kanatlı hayvan sektöründe farklı amaçlarla kullanılan bazıantibakteriyel ilaçların kanatlı immün sistemi üzerindeki etkileri incelendi.Çalışmada 120 adet günlük et-tipi civciv deneme hayvanı olarak kullanıldı.Üç farklı deneysel çalışma seçeneğinde denenmek üzere, ağız yoluyla sağaltıcıolarak fluorokinolon grubu bir antibakteriyel ilaç ve sülfonamid türevi +trimetoprim esasına dayapan bir korubinasyon ile verim artırıcı amaçlarlaüretilen virjinyamisin içerikli bir premiks çeşidi seçildi.Deneme hayvanları yaşamlarının ilk 19 gününde antibakteriyel ve antikoksidialilaçlarlardan arındırılmış başlatma yemi ve geri kalan sürede de piliçgeliştirme yemi ile ad .li bi tum olarak beslendi. Belirtilen süreçte · belirliaralıklarla civcivlerden kan örnekleri alınarak Newcastle virüsüne karşı maternalantikor titreleri belirlendi. 4 farklı deneme grubuna ayrılan bütün hayvanlara20. günde su içerisinde canlı Newcastle aşısı uygulandı. Denemelerin21 . gününden itibaren deneme gruplarından birisi kontrol için ayrılırkenII. gruba su içerisinde ve sağaltıcı dozda fluorokinolon türevi ilaç, III. grubagüçlendirilmiş sülfonamid kombinasyonu ve IV. gruba da yem içerisinde sürekliolarak virjinyamisin içeren premiks katılarak verildi. İlaçlamayı izleyen(, 7., 14. ve 28 . günlerde bütün hayvanlardan kan örnekleri alınarak Newcastle'akarşı bireysel antikor titreleri ölçüldü . Ayrıca, ilaçlamayı izleyen ilk3 gün boyunca 2. ve 3. gruptaki hayvanlardan alınan kan örneklerinde antibakteriyelilaç derişimleri saptandı. İlaç uygulanmasından 28 gün sonra kesilenhayvanlardan B. fabricius ve timusları çıkartılarak ağırlıklan ve lenfasitderişimleri belirlendi.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of some different antibacretialdrugs used in poultry industry for their effects on immune systemof poultry. This experiment was carried on a hundred and twenty daily broilerchicks . The first experimental group of thirty chicks were given an antibacterialdrug belonging to fluoroquinolone group orally, a combination hasedon sulfonamide derivative plus trimethoprim were assayed on the secondexperimental group anda premix consisting of virginamycin, produced as ananabolic drug were given to the third group of thirty chicks.At the begining broilers were fed with a chick starter ration, that did notcontain any antibacterial or anticocciodial agents, later with chick developmentration ad libitium. Blood samples were taken at regular intervals duringstated durations, and maternal antibody titers against Newcastle disease viruswere determined . They were divided in to four experimental groups and li veNewcastle vaccine were applied in drinking water an 201h day . One of thegroups of thirty chic:ks w ere left as a control group after twenty-first day. Thesecond group was treated with fluoroquinolone derivative dissolved in waterat treatment dose and, an augmented sulfonamide combination and a rationprepared with a premix containing virginiamycin was given to the third andfourth groups, respectively. Blood samples were taken on the following ı sı ,7th, 14ıh and 28th daysafter the administration and the antibody titers againstNewcastle vaccine were determined.In addition, blood samples of the chicks belonging to the second and thirdgroups were taken on the following three days after administration and antibacterialdrug concentrations were assayed. All chicks were slaughtered onthe 2S1h day after drug application and weighths of b. of Fabricius and thymusgland and lymphocyte concentrations were determined after excision.The results, involves following findings; the maternal antibody levels devolopedagainst Newcastle vaccine w ere 4.1, in 19 day old chicks, four weekslater, an increase were found in the control group, vaccinated under sameconditions. At the end of the same period of time, Newcastle antibody levelsw ere reached approximately 9.9, on the other han d the antibody levels stayedat 7.6 level and, did not show any increase in the other two groups. At 471hday of experimental period live weights of the chicks treated with virginiamycinincreased 7 .2% and no significant differences were observed in theother groups . While the weights of b. of Fabricius of all three groups treatedwith antibacterial drugs orally were 23% lower in compare to the control group,the weights of thymus gland were determined to be increased 71 %, 60%and 48% in the second, third and faurth groups respectively. The averagelymphocyte concentration of B. of Fabricius and thymus of all three groupswere determined to be decreased according to control group. The lowest valuewas observed on the fourth groupe, this value was followed by the secondand third groups.It is that concluded the development of cellular and humoral immunitycan be enhanced by synergestic interaction of fluoroquinolone group of antibacterialdrugs with immune system in fowls . On the other hand, bacterios tatic drugs such as augmented sulfonamide combinations and virginamycincan depress the humoral immunity so it is concluded that the expected effectof immunization after vaccinations canbereverse effect on immunization.