BUZ SANAYİİ ÖRNEĞİNDE OSMANLI İMTİYAZ SİSTEMİ
BUZ SANAYİİ ÖRNEĞİNDE OSMANLI İMTİYAZ SİSTEMİ
Yazar: Damlıbağ, Fatih
Dergi: İstanbul Üniversitesi İktisat Fakültesi Mecmuası, Vol. 64 No. 2, 2015
Anahtar kelimeler: ice, factory, market setting, privilege system, contract ; buz, fabrika, piyasa düzenlemesi, imtiyaz sistemi, mukavelename

ÖZETOsmanlı Devleti suni buz üretiminde faaliyette bulunacak girişimcileri,öncelikle imtiyaz sistemi içerisinde ele almıştır. Daha sonra buz üretimmakinelerinin ulaşılabilirliği artınca, Osmanlı Devleti imtiyaz sisteminindışında da buz fabrikaları kurulmasına izin vermiştir. Fakat bu makaledeimtiyaz sistemi içerisindeki, suni buz üreticileri temel hedeftir. Bu sistemdedevlet girişimcilere, belirli şartlar altında fabrikasyon üretim için tekelhakkı tanımaktaydı. Makaleye başlangıç noktası olarak, imtiyaz sisteminindoğuş sebepleri açıklanacaktır. Daha sonraysa farklı sektörlerden verilenörneklerle, imtiyaz sisteminin ana ilkelerinden bahsedilecektir. En sonundaysaimtiyazlı buz sanayii girişimleri, üç ayrı başlık altında incelenecektir.İmtiyazlı buz fabrikası kurmak isteyenlerden bahsedilirken, önce girişimcilerintalepleri ve devlet kademesi ile yaptıkları görüşmelerden bahsedilmiştir.Daha sonraysa kurulacak sanayi tesisleriyle ilgili şartları düzenleyen,imtiyaz mukavelenameleri karşılaştırılmıştır. En sonundaysa imtiyazsonrası girişimcilerin, başarı ve başarısızlıklarıyla birlikte faaliyetlerindenbahsedilecektir. Buz üretimi sektöründeki üç girişimden Salim Ağa ve İzmir’dekiortaklık, fabrika ve şirket kurmayı başarmıştır. Fakat son imtiyazsahibi olan Numan Efendi, planladığı fabrikaları fiiliyata geçirememiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: buz, fabrika, piyasa düzenlemesi, imtiyaz sistemi,mukavelename.OTTOMAN PRIVILEGE SYSTEM WITHIN THE EXAMPLE OF ICE INDUSTRYABSTRACTOttoman State firstly assessed the entrepreneurs of artificial iceproduction, within privilege system. Later when the availability of iceproduction machines increased, Ottoman State also permitted to found icefactories out of privilege system. But in this article, artificial ice producerswithin privilege system are the main target. In this system, state granted monopoly rights to entrepreneurs under specific conditions, for factory production. For the beginning point of the article, establishment reasons of privilege system will be explained. Later main principles of privilegesystem will be mentioned, with some examples of other sectors. At the last,privileged ice industry enterprises will be evaluated within three headlines.When privileged ice factory founders were mentioned, their demands andinterviews with government were narrated. Later privilege contracts whichwere regulated newly establishing industrial plants were compared. At thelast, entrepreneurs’ activities were mentioned during post privilege period,with their successes and failures. For three enterprises in ice productionsector, Salim Ağa and partnership in İzmir could found factories andcompanies. But Numan Efendi who was the last privilege owner did notput planned factories into practice.Key Words: ice, factory, market setting, privilege system, contract.

Ottoman State firstly assessed the entrepreneurs of artificial ice production, within privilege system. Later when the availability of ice production machines increased, Ottoman State also permitted to found ice factories out of privilege system. But in this article, artificial ice producers within privilege system are the main target. In this system, state granted monopoly rights to entrepreneurs under specific conditions, for factory production. For the beginning point of the article, establishment reasons of privilege system will be explained. Later main principles of privilege system will be mentioned, with some examples of other sectors. At the last, privileged ice industry enterprises will be evaluated within three headlines. When privileged ice factory founders were mentioned, their demands and interviews with government were narrated. Later privilege contracts which were regulated newly establishing industrial plants were compared. At the last, entrepreneurs’ activities were mentioned during post privilege period, with their successes and failures. For three enterprises in ice production sector, Salim Ağa and partnership in İzmir could found factories and companies. But Numan Efendi who was the last privilege owner did not put planned factories into practice