Deneysel Baskıresim Üzerine Bir Eylem Araştırması
An Action Research on Experimental Printmaking
Yazar: Aydoğan, Yeşim
Dergi: İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, Vol. 14 No. 30, 2024
Anahtar kelimeler: Painting ; Resim ; Deneysel Baskıresim,Özgün Baskı,Yaratıcılık

Denemeler ve deneyler hemen hemen tüm disiplinlerde, yenilikçi ve yaratıcı fikirlerin ardından ortaya çıkmış ve çıkmaya devam etmektedir. Nitekim sanat alanında da bu durum farklı değildir. Özellikle özgürlükçü, yenilikçi, farklı, kural tanımaz zihinlerde açığa çıkan bilinmeyene karşı duyulan merak, yaratıcı bakış açısıyla birlikte, deneysel çalışmaların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmaktadır. Yaratıcılığın yeniyi üretme, belirsizliği çözümleme, bilinmeyeni bulma, denenmemişi deneyimleme gibi duygu, düşünce ve isteklerden doğuyor olması, deneyselliği beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu deneysellik, yaratıcı bakış açısı perspektifiyle ele alındığında, her disiplinde çeşitli şekillerde varlık göstermektedir. Söz konusu varlık durumu, kendisini konu, içerik, teknik, malzeme ve daha birçok yönden göstermektedir. Deneysel baskı da, tüm bunları içerisinde barındıran bir yöntemdir. Nitekim deneysel baskı, özellikle kural tanımazlığın bir getirisi olarak, sınırsız malzeme ve teknik ile her türlü deneyselliğe imkân tanımaktadır. Zira plastik sanatlarda alışılmadık her türlü boya, malzeme, çeşitli üslup ve tekniklerle bir arada kullanılarak, estetik, pitoresk ve zengin plastik değerler, deneysel arayışlarla ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu araştırma da, Baskı Teknikleri I dersi kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiş ve araştırma kapsamında yapılan deneysel baskılara yönelik değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Nitel araştırma perspektifinde yürütülen bu çalışmada, desen olarak eylem araştırması modeli belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma, “Malzeme Zenginliği, Kompozisyon Oluşturma, Rastlantısal Oluşumlar, Dokusal Oluşumlar, Yaratıcı Fikirler, Estetik Sorgulamalar” olmak üzere toplam altı ana temadan oluşmaktadır.

Trials and experiments, which have led to the emergence of innovative and creative ideas in all disciplines, have had the same effect in the field of art. Especially in printmaking, which is a technique more suitable for experimentation, the curiosity to find the unknown, which is formed in libertarian, innovative, different and rule-defying minds, has led to the emergence of experimental works with a creative perspective. When this experimentation is considered from the perspective of a creative point of view, it exists in many ways in all disciplines. This state of being manifests itself in various aspects such as subject, content, technique and material. Experimental printmaking is a technique that contains all these aspects. As a matter of fact, experimental printmaking, especially as a result of its rulelessness, allows all kinds of experimentation with unlimited materials and techniques. Because all kinds of paints and technical materials are brought together with new and creative ideas to create aesthetic, picturesque and rich plastic values. This research was carried out within the scope of Printing Techniques I course and evaluations were made about the experimental prints made within the scope of the research. In this study conducted in qualitative research perspective, action research model was used as a design. As a result of the analyses of the data obtained as a result of all these, a total of six main themes were reached as ‘Material Richness, Composition Creation, Random Formations, Textural Formations, Creative Ideas, Aesthetic Questioning’. These themes emerged in line with the aims to determine the students' achievements in terms of creativity, originality, experimentation, innovative ideas and technical knowledge. In line with these aims, students made experimental printmaking applications using various materials and techniques, kept research diaries and conducted interviews. As a result of all these, a number of conclusions were reached. In these results, the students have seen that the ability to use many materials, as a result of the limitlessness of experimental printmaking, adds plastic richness and aesthetic value to the painting. It was also seen that this unlimitedness contributed positively to their original thinking. Thus, students were able to develop more innovative and creative ideas with the comfort of free thinking. In addition, the students experimented with the linoleum mould pool created within the scope of the research to create compositions in a fun way and thus carried the experimentalism to the sketch stage. Thus, while creating compositions in the design and application process, the students acted quite bravely due to the possibility of making dozens of experiments in a short time. These courageous attitudes were reinforced by coincidental occurrences, another element that contributed to the students' creativity. As a matter of fact, the students frequently encountered coincidental situations due to the material and technical nature of experimental printmaking and realised that these coincidental situations added richness to the painting. During the experimental printmaking application process, the dominance of the technique and material experienced by the students caused them to think about the properties and effects of the materials and to use them more effectively. This situation led the students to act by getting to know the material better and learning how to make the most effective use of the material. Thus, students have come to see the richness and possibilities that they had not seen or realised in the material before. This situation enabled students to analyse and use form, texture, colour and size much better. These opportunities contributed to the students' creative, innovative and experimental thinking. As a result of all these, students have developed towards aesthetic questioning. This was seen in the students‘ positive or negative evaluations of their own works and their interpretations of their friends’ works. At the same time, the development in the students can be deduced from the fact that the students did not give simple and uniform answers such as good or bad, beautiful or ugly, done or not done, but on the contrary, they made constructive and developing, questioning and problem-solving comments. As a result, it was seen that this research caused the students' creativity, aesthetic perspectives, new and different ways of thinking, and that they were quite original and free while doing all these.