Çeşitli sunta ve PVC atıkların temel koprolizi
The basic copyrolysis of chipboards wastes andPVC
Yazar: AMAL SAID NASSAR ANKHEILA
Danışman: PROF. DR. BAHATTİN AYDINLI
Kastamonu Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Kimya Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2019
Konu: Kimya = Chemistry
Dizin: Piroliz = Pyrolysis

Özet:
Plastiklerin çoğu suda ve doğada çözünmezler. Dolayısı ile plastik atıkları için açıkta
vahşi depolama yöntemi çevreci bir yaklaşım değildir ve geri dönüşüm çalışmaları
çok önem kazanmıştır. Ayrıca, büyük miktarda atık talaş oluşturan tahta ve odun
işleme sanayisinin de bir çeşit çevresel problem oluşturduğu söylenebilir. Son
zamanlarda termokimyasal dönüşüm ve parçalama yöntemleri plastik ve biokütle
atıkların geri dönüşümünde ve değerli ürünlerin eldesinde yeni bir yöntem olarak
oldukça dikkat çekmekte ve kullanılmaktadır.
Biokütle ve PVC'nin birlikte termokimyasal dönüşüm tekniklerine maruz tutulduğu
çalışmalarda çıkan ürünler arasında bir sinerji etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Özellikle deneysel şartlara göre artan katı, sıvı ve gaz ürün miktarları elde edilmiştir.
Bu çalışmada pencere yapımında kullanılan PVC ve Odun atıkları çeşitli oranlarda-
biokütle:plastik ( 1: 1), (0.6:1.4 ) ve (1.4: 0.6)- ve çeşitli sıcaklıklarda (400°C, 450
°C, 500°C, 550°C and 650°C) bir termokimysal dönüşüm olan piroliz işlemine 15
dakika süre ile maruz bırakılmıştır. Biokütle ve plastik arasında proses sayesinde
etkileşim olup olmadığı deneysel ve teorik ürünlerin oranlarının karşılaştırılması ile
ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çeşitli deneysel şartlarda etkileşim olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Özellikle, 1:1 oranında sıvı lehinde, 1.4:0.6 oranında katı lehinde ve
0.6:1.4 oranında ise gaz lehinde bir artış gözlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Piroliz, biokütle, plastik, atık.

Abstract:
Most plastics are not biodegradable. Thus, accumulation of this materials in landfills
are undesirable due to environmental concerns. In addition, large amounts of biomass
waste, particularly sawdust from intensive wood processing, is another problem.
Nowadays, the furniture industry based on wood and PVC results in wastes and
along with its by-products wood powder can be assessed for the production of
valuable chemicals and solvents. The wastes in furniture industry can be used as a
fuel in various type of combustion devices for the production of energy. However,
the uncontrolled combustion can release various ecotoxic gas products due to its
content such as polisher, resins and natural benzoic compounds. Common thermal
decomposition techniques have received much attention in latest years because they
supply an alternative way to get rid of plastic and biomass waste and convert it into
raw materials and high value products.
In this study, instead of direct incineration of wastes from these industry,
thermochemical conversion process was applied on them to obtain precious
chemicals while preventing the environment. Recent studies have shown that
biomass and polyvinyl chloride pyrolysis have a synergistic effect, in the form of
increased production of liquid, solid, and gaseous products, and improved total
process competence. This paper displays the results of pyrolysis of biomass and
plastic waste of waste. The biomass: plastic mixtures in the ratio of (1: 1), (0.6:1.4),
and (1.4: 0.6) were selected. The polyvinyl chloride was chosen as a plastic type,
and three types of biomass and biomass containing products, namely wood chips,
chipboard, and hard chipboard were also chosen for study pyrolysis in this research.
The following results were identified: Liquid, solid, and gas produced by pyrolysis.
In this study, specific temperatures were used for pyrolysis of biomass and plastics
and are (400°C,450 °C,500°C,550°C and 650°C) for a period of 15 minutes. Also,
before the pyrolysis of the chipboards and wood powders as a recycling process, the
basic thermal analysis was realized. First of all, the glass transition temperatures (Tg)
and melting and crystallization temperatures (Tm & Tc) were determined by
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). In

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addition to these, in order to determine basic mass loss of material with temperature,
the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were made.
The hydrocarbons produced from the pyrolysis of biomass and the plastic are
monitored and compared to the theoretically predicted values. The results of
measurements show that there are some deviations and some synergistic effect in
some ratios. The largest deviation of the liquid material was observed with respect to
the theoretical values ​​expected in the wood chips and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
mixtures for sample (1: 1), and the highest values ​​for the solid were for chipboard
and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for the sample mixture of (1.4:0.6), and the largest
quantity of gas was for the wood chips and PVC for the (0.6: 1.4) mixture.
Key Words: Pyrolysis, biomass, plastic, waste.