Neonatal dönemde dişi ratlara uygulanan bisfenol A'nın tuba uterinada oluşturduğu değişikliklere karşı melatoninin olası etkisinin histopatolojik olarak incelenmesi
Histopathologic examination of possible effects of melatonin against the alternation on tuba uterina of neonatal exposure to bisphenol A in female rats
Yazar: SELEN AKGÖZ
Danışman: PROF. DR. CELAL ILGAZ
Gazi Üniversitesi / Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Histoloji ve Embriyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2015
Konu: Histoloji ve Embriyoloji = Histology and Embryology
Dizin: Bisfenol A = Bisphenol A ; Fallop tüpleri = Fallopian tubes ; Histopatoloji = Histopathology ; Melatonin = Melatonin ; Sıçanlar = Rats

Özet:
Çalışmamızda gıda ve içecek ambalajlama gereçlerinde ham madde olarak sıklıkla kullanılan ve son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalara göre ambalaj materyallerinden gıda maddelerine geçerek insan ve hayvanlarda hasara neden olan Bisfenol A (BPA) ve antioksidan olarak yeğlenen melatonin'in neonatal dönemde tuba uterina dokusu üzerine olası koruyucu etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. 24 adet Wistar albino cinsi yenidoğan dişi sıçan, her grupta 6 denek olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrıldı 1.Grup: Kontrol, 2.Grup: BPA (100 mg/kg), 3.Grup: Melatonin (10 mg/kg), 4.Grup: BPA+Melatonin (100 mg/kg+10 mg/kg) olarak belirlendi. Deneklerin vajinal açıklıkları ölçülerek, smear örnekleri incelendi. Gelişimlerinin 70. gününde feda edilen deneklerin tuba uterina dokuları alındı ve alışılmış ışık mikroskobik izleme yöntemlerinden geçirildi. Kesitler Hematoksilen-Eozin ve Masson Trikrom yöntemi ile boyandı. Deneklerin vücut ağırlıkları, tuba uterina dokusuna ait epitel boyu ve duvar kalınlıkları ölçülerek elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak da desteklendi. Yapılan incelemeler doğrultusunda; BPA uygulamasının sıçanlarda puberteyi öne çektiği, BPA ile birlikte melatonin uygulamasının ise puberteyi geciktirdiği vajinal açıklık ve smear tayini ile tespit edildi. Gruplar arasında deneklerin vücut ağırlıkları bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmedi. Tuba uterina dokusu üzerinde yapılan histolojik incelemeler sonucunda, BPA uygulaması sonucu mukozal katlantıların lamina propria içerisine doğru uzanarak kistik yapılar oluşturduğu ve epitelin yer yer çok katlı görünüm aldığı belirlendi. Silyaların bazı alanlarda birleştiği ve bazı alanlarda ise tamamen kaybolduğu gözlendi. Serozal katmanın BPA uygulaması ile birlikte kalınlaştığı en dikkat çekici bulgu olarak nitelendirildi. Bu veri, yapılan duvar kalınlığı ölçümleri sonucu istatistiksel olarak da desteklendi. Melatonin uygulamasının ise, BPA'nın neden olduğu bu değişimler üzerinde belirgin derecede korunma sağladığı kanısına varıldı.

Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible protective effects of melatonin on the uterine tube tissue in the neonatal period. Melatonin is preferred as an antioxidant against Bisfenol A (BPA) that is frequently used as the raw material in food and drink packaging materials and that has been found to cause injury in humans and animals by migrating from packaging materials to the food stuff, according to the recent study. 24 Wistar albino neonatal female rats were divided into 4 groups, each including 6 rats: 1. Group: Control, 2. Group: BPA (100 mg/kg), 3. Group: Melatonin (10mg/kg), 4. Group: BPA+Melatonin (100mg/kg+10mg/kg). The vaginal patency of subjects was measured and smear samples were examined. Uterine tube tissues of subjects, which have been sacrificed on the 70th day of their development, were sampled and processed by usual light microscopic studies. Sections were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's trichrome methods. The data obtained by measuring subjects' body weight, epithelial height and wall thickness were also supported statistically. In line with these examinations, it was found that BPA induction causes precocious puberty whereas Melatonin and BPA induction postpones puberty by assessing their vaginal patency and smear. There were no significant differences between groups with respect to the body weight of subjects. Following the histological examinations on the uterine tube tissues, it was determined that mucosal residues formed cystic structures by reaching into lamina propria, and epithelium sporadically became stratified as a result of BPA induction. It was also observed that the cilia were merged in some areas while totally disappeared in others. Thickening of the serosal layer was described as the most remarkable finding. This finding is also statistically supported by measuring wall thickness. It was also surmised that Melatonin administration provides a significant protection against above-stated BPA-related changes. The purpose of this study is to investigate possible protective effects of melatonin on the uterine tube tissue in the neonatal period. Melatonin is preferred as an antioxidant against Bisphenol A (BPA) that is frequently used as the raw material in food and drink packaging materials and that has been found to cause injury in humans and animals by migrating from packaging materials to the food stuff, according to the recent study. 24 Wistar albino neonatal female rats were divided into 4 groups, each including 6 rats: 1. Group: Control, 2. Group: BPA (100 mg/kg), 3. Group: Melatonin (10mg/kg), 4. Group: BPA+Melatonin (100mg/kg+10mg/kg). The vaginal patency of subjects was measured and smear samples were examined. Uterine tube tissues of subjects, which have been sacrificed on the 70th day of their development, were sampled and processed by usual light microscopic studies. Sections were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's trichrome methods. The data obtained by measuring subjects' body weight, epithelial height and wall thickness were also supported statistically. In line with these examinations, it was found that BPA induction causes precocious puberty whereas Melatonin and BPA induction postpones puberty by assessing their vaginal patency and smear. There were no significant differences between groups with respect to the body weight of subjects. Following the histological examinations on the uterine tube tissues, it was determined that mucosal residues formed cystic structures by reaching into lamina propria, and epithelium sporadically became stratified as a result of BPA induction. It was also observed that the cilia were merged in some areas while totally disappeared in others. Thickening of the serosal layer was described as the most remarkable finding. This finding is also statistically supported by measuring wall thickness. It was also surmised that Melatonin administration provides a significant protection against above-stated BPA-related changes.