Ceza yargılaması hukukunda yargılamanın yenilenmesi
Reopening of the proceedings in criminal procedure law
Yazar: SERDAR TALAS
Danışman: PROF. DR. KAYIHAN İÇEL
İstanbul Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Kamu Hukuku Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2004
Konu: Hukuk = Law
Dizin: Ceza hukuku = Criminal law ; Ceza yargılaması = Criminal procedure ; Karşılaştırmalı hukuk = Comparative law ; Süreç yenileme = Process renewal ; Yargılama = Judgement ; Yargılamanın yenilenmesi = Renewal of judging ; Yenileme = Renovation

Özet:
Ceza yargılaması hukukunun temel amacı, ceza kanunlarınca suç olarak düzenlenmiş eylemlerin işlendiği iddiası üzerine, ortaya çıkan şüpheyi ortadan kaldırmak, sonuçta kurulan bir kesin hükümle, bozulan sosyal barışı yeniden kurmaktır. Kesin hükmün maddi ve hukuki gerçekle uyuşmaması durumunda ise adli hatadan bahsedilir. Yargılamanın yenilenmesinin temel amacı bu adli hataların ortadan kaldırılmasıdır. Türk CMUK'nda yargılamanın yenilenmesi nedenleri sanık lehine ve aleyhine olmak üzere iki madde de düzenlenmiştir. Bunlar sanık leh ve aleyhine ortak nedenler olan: Sahte vesika, gerçeğe aykırı tanık ve bilirkişi açıklaması, hakimin görevini ifada suç işlemesi; sadece sanık lehine olanlar: yeni vakıa ve delil ve AİHM'nin ceza hükmüne ilişkin mahkumiyet karan ve sadece sanık aleyhine olan sanığın güvenilir ikrarıdır. Bu çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde yargılamanın yenilenmesi kurumunun amacı, konusu, karşılaştırmalı hukukta düzenlenişi ve hukuki niteliği, ikinci bölümde yargılamanın yenilenmesi nedenleri, son bölümde ise yargılamanın yenilenmesine ilişkin usul hükümlerini incelenmiştir.

Abstract:
To do the social peace, which has been broken down by a crime suspicion, is the main aim of the criminal procedure. At the end of the processes, a final judgment gets this aim, if it is suitable substantive and legal facts. If it is not, we talk about a judicial error. Reopening of the proceedings is a legal way against the final judgments, which are including judicial errors. In Turkish Criminal Procedure Code, reopening of the proceedings concluded by a final judgment shall be admissible for the convicted person's benefit or detriment: If a document produced, at the main hearing was false; if a witness or expert, when giving testimony or an opinion, was guilty of willful or negligent violation of the duty imposed by the oath, if a judge participated in drafting the judgment who was guilty of a criminal violation of his official duties. If a civil court mjudgment on which the criminal judgment is based is quashed by another judgment which has entered into force, if new facts or evidence were produced, which, independently or in connection with the evidence previously taken, tend to support the defendant's acquittal, or, upon application of a less severe penal norm, a lower penalty or an essentially different decision on a measure of reform and prevention and if the European Court of Human Rights has found that there was a violation of the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms or of its Protocols and if the judgment was based on that violation, reopening of the proceedings concluded by a final judgment shall be admissible for the convicted person's benefit. At last reopening of proceedings concluded by a final judgment shall be admissible to the defendant's detriment if the person acquitted made a credible confession, in or outside the court, that he committed the criminal offense. The thesis has tree chapters. In the first chapter, we examined the aim, subjects and characteristics of reopening of the proceedings. Also reopening of the proceedings in comparative law was informed in this chapter. The second chapter is about the causes of reopening of the proceedings. And in the last chapter, we are explaining the procedural rules of reopening of the proceedings. IV