Polistiren ve poliolefin plastik atıkların eş-pirolizi
Co-pyrolysis of polystyrene and polyolefin plastic wastes
Yazar: SENA KAVUŞTU (SENGER)
Danışman: PROF. DR. ALİ KARADUMAN
Ankara Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Kimya Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2013
Konu: Kimya Mühendisliği = Chemical Engineering ; Polimer Bilim ve Teknolojisi = Polymer Science and Technology
Dizin: Piroliz = Pyrolysis ; Plastik atıklar = Plastic wastes ; Poliolefinler = Polyolephines ; Polistiren = Polystyrene ; Yeniden kazanma = Recycling

Özet:
Plastics are widely used in many sectors such as household appliances, textile, electronics, construction and agriculture. The extensive use of plastics leads to formation of large amounts of waste around the world. Since the disintegration of these plastics in the nature is very hard, the increase in the consumption of them brings about environmental problems. Recycling of plastic waste is very important both environmentally and economically.In this thesis, the chemical recycling of polystyrene and polyolefin (AYPE and PP) is studied. Thermal pyrolysis of polystyrene foam waste, multi-purpose polypropylene caps and disposable AYPE bags in semi-batch operated experiment system are studied. The amount of liquid and solid residues resulting from disintegration is determined by weighing. The amount of gas product is determined from the difference. The percentage of liquid and gaseous products is defined as total conversion. The change in products with different temperatures and ratios of plastic waste are analyzed. The experiments are carried out in the temperature range of 350-500 oC. Besides GC-MS analysis of the liquid products obtained from the experiments, fractional distillation and cetane number are done.According to the data obtained as a result of thermal pyrolysis experiments, liquid product yield increased with increasing of temperature to 400 ?C and reached its maximum value, % 82.95 for 500 ?C. On the other hand, the total conversion is obtained % 98.6 for 500 ?C. During the thermal disintegration of PS and PE plastic waste together (PS/PE 5/1), with the increase of temperature from 350 ?C to 400 ?C the amount of liquid product increased from %11.7 to %52.6. Whereas, the for ratio of PS/PP 5/1 it increased from %8.1 to %49.5.The number of the products which have C6-C18 carbon number is higher among the liquid products that are defined by GC-MS analysis of the products obtained during the thermal disintegration. Also, among the liquid products which are analyzed, the sum of the percentages of products, that contain carbons between C6-C18, are obtained as %94.01 for PS, %92.07 for PS/PE and %37.27 for PS/PP. Among the products defined by the GC-MS analysis, 1 hekzen, styrene, 3 methyl hexane, 2.3 dimethyl butane, heptane, cyclohexane, 1 methyl, ethyl siklokekzan 1, 1-deken, decane, undeken, 1-dodeken, 1-trideken, 1-pentadeken, 1-hekzadeken, heneikosan are observed.

Abstract:
Plastics are widely used in many sectors such as household appliances, textile, electronics, construction and agriculture. The extensive use of plastics leads to formation of large amounts of waste around the world. Since the disintegration of these plastics in the nature is very hard, the increase in the consumption of them brings about environmental problems. Recycling of plastic waste is very important both environmentally and economically.In this thesis, the chemical recycling of polystyrene and polyolefin (AYPE and PP) is studied. Thermal pyrolysis of polystyrene foam waste, multi-purpose polypropylene caps and disposable AYPE bags in semi-batch operated experiment system are studied. The amount of liquid and solid residues resulting from disintegration is determined by weighing. The amount of gas product is determined from the difference. The percentage of liquid and gaseous products is defined as total conversion. The change in products with different temperatures and ratios of plastic waste are analyzed. The experiments are carried out in the temperature range of 350-500 oC. Besides GC-MS analysis of the liquid products obtained from the experiments, fractional distillation and cetane number are done.According to the data obtained as a result of thermal pyrolysis experiments, liquid product yield increased with increasing of temperature to 400 ?C and reached its maximum value, % 82.95 for 500 ?C. On the other hand, the total conversion is obtained % 98.6 for 500 ?C. During the thermal disintegration of PS and PE plastic waste together (PS/PE 5/1), with the increase of temperature from 350 ?C to 400 ?C the amount of liquid product increased from %11.7 to %52.6. Whereas, the for ratio of PS/PP 5/1 it increased from %8.1 to %49.5.The number of the products which have C6-C18 carbon number is higher among the liquid products that are defined by GC-MS analysis of the products obtained during the thermal disintegration. Also, among the liquid products which are analyzed, the sum of the percentages of products, that contain carbons between C6-C18, are obtained as %94.01 for PS, %92.07 for PS/PE and %37.27 for PS/PP. Among the products defined by the GC-MS analysis, 1 hekzen, styrene, 3 methyl hexane, 2.3 dimethyl butane, heptane, cyclohexane, 1 methyl, ethyl siklokekzan 1, 1-deken, decane, undeken, 1-dodeken, 1-trideken, 1-pentadeken, 1-hekzadeken, heneikosan are observed.