Antakya Sokullu Mehmet Paşa Hanı restorasyonu /
Yazar: YAVUZ ÇELENK
Danışman: PROF. DR. AYŞE ZEYNEP AHUNBAY
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 1996
Konu: Mimarlık = Architecture
Dizin: Antalya = Antalya ; Restorasyon = Restoration ; Sokullu Mehmet Paşa Hanı = Sokullu Mehmet Paşa Inn ; Tarihi koruma = Historic preservation ; Tarihi yapılar = Historic structures

Özet:
Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Hanı, Hatay İli, Antakya İlçesi'nde, çarşı bölgesinde, Antakya'dan geçen hac, ticaret ve ipek yolu üzerinde önemli bir yol kavşağına inşa edilmiştir. Han, Saka Hamamı ve Mahremiye Camii ile yan yana inşa edilerek bir külliye işlevi gören üçlü yapı grubu elde edilmiştir. Han, Hicri 981, Miladi 1574 yılında Sokollu Mehmet Paşa tarafından vakıf olarak yaptırılmıştır. Mimarı bilinmemektedir. 19. Yüzyıl ortalarına kadar han olarak kullanılan yapı 1842/1845 yıllan arasında Halep Valiliği yapan Vecihi Paşa tarafından sabunhaneye çevrilmiştir. 1933 yılına kadar Sokollu vakıfına bağlı olan sabunhane, bu tarihte satılarak şahıs mülkiyetine geçmiştir. 1969 yılına kadar sabun üretimi devam etmiştir. Bu tarihte Eski Eserler ve Anıtlar Yüksek Kurulu'ndan alınan izinle Sabunhane'nin kuzeybatı cephesinin zemin kat duvarı yıkılarak dört dükkan yapılmıştır. 1969 yılından günümüze kadar yapının zemin katı dükkan, depo ve ahır olarak kullanılmış, üst katında iplik üretimi yapılmıştır. Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Hanı kareye yakın yamuk plana sahip, iki katlı, avlulu bir yapıdır. Zemin katta sabun pişirme yeri, yağ kuyuları, ahır, depolar ve dükkanlar yer almaktadır. Üst katta sabun kalıpları ve sabun kurutma yeri bulunmaktadır.Zemin kat kesme taştan ayaklar üzerine oturan çapraz ve beşik tonozla, üst kat kesme taş ayaklar üzerine oturan, alaturka kiremit kaplı asma çatı sistemiyle örtülüdür. Yapının köşeleri, giriş plasteri, avlu cepheleri ve taşıyıcı ayakları kesme taşla, diğer iç ve dış duvarları moloz taşla örülmüştür. Çarşı içindeki konumu da göz önüne alınarak, uygulanacak temizleme, sağlamlaştırma ve bütünleme çalışmaları sonucunda yapının, sabun imalathanesi ve işhanına dönüştürülmesi düşünülmektedir.

Abstract:
Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Inn was constructed in 1574 as part of the foundations of Sokollu Mehmet Pasha, chief vizier of the Ottoman Empire. The architect is unknown. It is located with the historical center of Hatay Antakya (Central) province. At present Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Inn is registered as a soapmill in the Land Registration Office. It is owned by Selim Çelenk and Tahir Haytoğlu. It is a Grade 1 monument, important for its masonry construction from the 16th century and also as a soapmill because it still keeps the original features of traditional soap processing methods. To the northeast of the Inn, there is the Saka Bath which is a monument older than the inn. To the southwest, there is Uzunçarşı Street, which is an important feature of the ancient shopping district. Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Inn was constructed at the center of the ancient bazaar area, the history of which goes back to Roman times. During Ottoman rule this part of the commercial area continued its function. The road used by pilgrims going towards Mecca passed over the Asi River bridge and reached the corner where the inn is situated and continued towards northeast through Fabrikalar Street leading to the outskirts of the city ( Drawing No : 2 ). With the construction of the Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Inn, Saka Bath and Mahremiye Mosque, an architectural complex was formed. Travellers staying at the inn could enjoy a bath in the Saka Bath; they could pray in Mahremiye Mosque. Formerly there was a passage between the inn and themosque, so that the guests were able to perform their ritual worship without leaving the premises of the inn. Later this passage (probably when the inn was converted into a soapmill) was closed. The inn has a trapezoidal plan covering an area of 1125 square metres. The original inscription of the building is lost. A trace of the inscription can still be seen over the entrance to the inn. The building was scheduled as a historic monument in 19.05.1975 and is registered in the inventory of Antakya Archeological Museum as number 108. According to the files of the Archeological Museum of Antakya the inscription was moved to the museum during the repairs conducted in 1969. This inscription however was not the original one. It had no date, it was related to the conversion of the caravanserai into a soapmill at the time of Vecihi Paşa, the governor of Aleppo during the years 1 842-1 845. As far as it can be deduced from the inscription, the inn has been converted into soapmill during the first half of the 19th century and has been used for the same purpose until 1969. On 24.02.1969, the owners of the inn applied to Antakya Archeological Museum Directorate in order to obtain permission for the construction of four shopping units on the northwest facade of the building. Discussing the proposal on 13.6.1969, the High Council of Monuments decided to permit the construction of four shops, with the condition that the intervention should not spoil the historical appearance of the monument. After obtaining the permission for the alteration, the lower part of the northwest facade was demolished. The partition walls for the shops were XIXconstructed by the using stones from the northwest wall. However, the work was not carried out properly; the upper part of the renovated northwest front was constructed by using cement bricks. On 18.07.1994, the owners applied to Adana Council for the Protection of Cultural and Natural Property, with a petition to obtain permission to demolish the soapmill with the claim that the building was not safe structurally. During the meeting of Adana Council for the Protection of Cultural and Natural Property on 25.1 1.1 994, it was decided to go on with the decision for the soapmill, because of its significance as a monument of industrial archeology. The Council also recommended the Ministry of Culture to expropriate the building in order to save it for the future generations ( Document No : 8 ). Sokollu Mehmet Paşa Inn is a two-storeyed building with a courtyard and has a trapezoidal plan scheme. Its external dimensions are: 3232 cm. on the northeast, and 3292 cm. on northwest. The courtyard measures 1102 cm. on northeast, 1125cm. on southeast, 1081cm. on southwest, 1125 cm. on it is northwest sides. Entrance to the inn is through a gate with a depressed arch. On the right- hand-side of the entrance there is a room with a trapezoidal plann. On the left-hand-side (on southeast), there is a space where 10 oil wells are arranged in two rows. On southeast of the entrance, there is also a room facing the courtyard and it has a door and a window. It was not possible to do resarch in this room because it was filled with sawdust from floor up to the ceiling. On southwest of the entrance, there is the soap-processing place which is covered with four cross vaults. Within the first vaulted unit, traces of soap couldrons can be detecded on the floor. These couldrons which had a capacity of four xxtons were removed in 1 969. The second vaulted unit is the place where the hot soap is hoisted to the first floor. Inside the third space, there is still a soap couldron, an oil well is dug into the floor of in the fourth unit. To the north of the courtyard, there are six oil wells in two rows. On the southwest of the courtyard, there are two doors. The one on the left leads to a space used as a wood store and a shed. The other (on the right) is used for storing house utensils In the middle of the courtyard (on southeast) there is a water well and to its southwest there are two stone troughs. In front of the trough.a drain is made in order to draw off water. To the left (to the southwest) of the troughs and the well, there is a door and a toilet. Through the door, a rectangular planned space is seen and a part of it is used as a shed. The entrance to the shed is under the half-arch that supports the stairs leading to the first floor. A toilet is made by building a niche into the pointed arch on the southwest facade. At the southeast corner of the courtyard, there is stone stair which leads to the first floor. On two sides of the landing, there are doors; the door on the southeast leads to a rectangular shaped space facing the courtyard.The other door leads to the room to which the soap is lifted and dried. On the ground floor of the inn, quadrangular piers with different sizes support the cross vaults that are made of roughly hewn stone. The outer corners, courtyard facades, load bearing piers and the northeast facade are built with ashlar and the rest of the internal and external walls are constructed with roughly hewn stone. On the first floor stone piers support the timber roof which is covered with traditional ceramic tiles. XXfAbout the re-use of the inn, my proposal is to turn it into a commercial inn, and a soap mill after the refining.tightening.and integration works are completed. XXII