Mineral ve organik topraklarda bitkiye yarayışlı besin elementlerinin belirlenmesinde farklı ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması
Comparison of different extraction methods for determining available plant nutritions at mineral and organic soils
Yazar: ABDURRAHMAN ŞİMŞEK
Danışman: PROF. DR. HÜSEYİN DİKİCİ
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2018
Konu: Ziraat = Agriculture

Özet:
Bu çalışmada organik ve mineral topraklarda bitkiye yarayışlı besin elementleri Amonyum Asetat (AA), DTPA, Olsen, Mehlich-III, AB-DTPA, Morgan ve 0.01 M CaCl2 yöntemleri ile belirlenmesi, ve farklı yöntemlerle ekstrakte edilen besin elementlerinin marul bitkisinin dokularındaki besin elementi kontsantrasyonlarıyla karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulan sera denemesinde 2 kg'lık saksılara marul (Lactuca Sativa) bitkisi ekilmiş ve eşit miktarda sulanmıştır. Mineral topraklarda, toprak konsantrasyonları ve bitki konsantrasyonları arasında K [AA (r=0,743**), Mehlich-III (r=0,767**), AB-DTPA (r=0,839**), Morgan (r=0,875**), 0.01 M CaCl2 (r=0,868**)], P [Olsen (r=0,758**) ve AB-DTPA (r=0,574*)], Zn [ Mehlich-III (r=0,698**), AB-DTPA (=0,591*) ve Morgan (r=0,696**)], Cu [ Mehlich-III (r=0,715**), AB-DTPA (r=0,817**) ve Morgan (r=0,823**)] elementlerinde önemli korelasyonlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn ve B elementlerinde yöntemler ile bitki konsantrasyonları arasında korelasyon bulunamamıştır. Organik topraklarda, toprak konsantrasyonları ve bitki konsantrasyonları arasında K [ AA (r=0,594*), Mehlich-III (r=0,633*), AB-DTPA (r=0,625*), Morgan (r=0,681**), 0.01 M CaCl2 (r=0,718**)], P [ Olsen (r=0,624*)], Ca [ AB-DTPA (r=-0,579*)], Zn [ DTPA (r=0,546*) ve AB-DTPA (r=0,840**)], Cu [AB-DTPA (r=-0,540*)] elementleri arasında önemli korelasyon verirken, Mg, Fe, Mn ve B elementlerinde yapılan yöntemler ile bitki konsantrasyonu arasında korelasyon  bulunamamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:Amonyum Asetat, DTPA, Mehlich-III, AB-DTPA, Morgan,

Abstract:
This study was carried out to measure plant available nutrients with different extraction methods in mineral and organic soils and relate these values to plant tissue concentrations of lettuce plants (Lactuca Sativa) grown in a greenhouse. Fifteen mineral soil samples taken from Narlı Plain and 15 organic soil samples taken from Sağlık Plain of Kahramanmaraş City were air dried and placed in pots in three replicates. Each pot was 2 kg in weight. Plant tissue concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and B were related to plant available concentrations of each nutrient extracted by the different methods. Olsen method for P, ammonium acetate (AA) for K, Ca, and Mg, DTPA for Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu, and hot water for B are routine soil test in the region. These soil tests were compared with Mehlich III, AB-DTPA, Morgan, and 0.01 M CaCl2 tests. In mineral soils, significant correlations were found between plant tissue K and AA (r=0.743**), Mehlich III (r=0.767**), AB-DTPA (r=0.839**), Morgan (r=0.875**), and 0.01 M CaCl2 (r=0.868**) potassium. The other methods that showed significant correlations with plant tissue nutrient concentrations in mineral soils were Olsen P (r=0.758**), AB-DTPA-P (r=0.574*), Mehlich III-Zn (r=0.698**), AB-DTPA-Zn (r=0.591*), Morgan-Zn (r=0.696**), Mehlich III-Cu (r=0.715**), AB-DTPA-Cu (r=0.817**), and Morgan-Cu (r=0.823**). No significant correlations were found among plant tissue concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and B and the extraction methods in mineral soils. In organic soils, plant tissue K was correlated with AA (r=0.594*), Mehlich III (r=0.633*), AB-DTPA (r=0.625*), Morgan (r=0.681**), and 0.01 M CaCl2 (r=0.718**) extractable potassium. Significant positive correlations were also found between plant tissue concentrations and Olsen P (r=0.624*), DTPA-Zn (r=0.546*), AB-DTPA-Zn(r=0.840**) in organic soils. As in mineral soils no significant correlations found between plant tissue and soil availability methods for Mg, Fe, Mn, and B nutrients in organic soils. 

Key words: Ammonium acetate, DTPA, Mehlich-III, AB-DTPA, Morgan