Farklı bölgelerde yetişen Hicaznar (Punica granatum L.) nar çeşidi meyvelerinin bazı fiziksel ve biyokimyasal içeriklerinin karşılaştırılması
Comparison of some physical and biochemical contents in fruits of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Hicaznar grown in different region
Yazar: AHMET GÜLER
Danışman: DOÇ. DR. FATMA YILDIRIM
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2016
Konu: Ziraat = Agriculture

Özet:
Bu çalışma, 2013 büyüme sezonunda, Hicaznar nar çeşidinin meyve kalite özelliklerinin bölgelere göre değişiminin belirlenmesi amacıyla Ege (İzmir, Aydın, Denizli), Akdeniz (Antalya) ve Güney Doğu Anadolu (Şanlıurfa) Bölgesinde bulunan toplam 9 bahçede yürütülmüştür. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ticari hasat zamanında alınan meyve örneklerinde meyve fiziksel (ağırlık, en boy, şekli indeksi, meyve kabuk oranı, kabuk kalınlığı, dane randımanı, meyve suyu randımanı ve kabuk rengi) ve biyokimyasal (SÇKM, TEA, pH, C vitamini , toplam fenolik ve fenolik bileşenler) özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada bazı özelliler bakımından bahçeler arasında önemli farklar çıkmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre meyve ağrılığı 259.8-740.8 g; meyve eni 77.78-110.51 mm; meyve boyu 69.14-96.48 mm; şekil indeksi 0.85-0.93;  meyve kabuk oranı %43.57-51.32; kabuk kalınlığı 4.37- 5.54 mm; dane randımanı %48.68-61.91; meyve suyu randımanı %64.79-75.87; L değeri 38.55-48.25; a değeri 47.35-55.43; b değeri 17.07-24.27; SÇKM %15.67-18,80; pH 286-3.25; TEA %0.99-1.52; C vitamini  7.63-14.37 mg/100 g; toplam fenolik 1500-3010 mg GAE/100 mL; gallik asit 36.63-61.13 mg/L; kateşin 24.00-35.70 mg/L; klorojenik asit 57.50-95.97mg/L; kafeik asit 6.80-12.67 mg/L ve elajik asit 5.10-8.70 mg/L arasında değişmiştir. 
Çalışmada rakım ile kafeik asit hariç diğer meyve kalite özellikleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Rakım ile kafeik asit arasında doğrusal yönde bir ilişki (R2=0.5403) görülmüştür. 
Sonuçta en iri, kabuğu en kırmızı ve C vitamini içeriği en yüksek meyveler Antalya bölgesinde saptanmıştır.

Abstract:
The objective of this study was carried out to determine the variation of fruit quality properties of Hicaznar pomegranate cultivar in the nine commercial orchards where located in Aegean (İzmir, Aydın, Denizli), Mediterranean (Antalya), and South East (Şanli Urfa) regions, in 2013 growing season. For this purpose, physical (weight, the size, shape index, fruit skin rate, skin thickness, grain yield, fruit juice yiel and skin colour) and biochemical (TSS, TA, pH, vitamine C, total phenolic and phenolic components) characteristics in the fruit samples which were taken in harvest time were determined. In the study, there was found significantly differences between the orchards for some evaluated characteristics. According to data the fruit weight was between 259.8 and 740.8 g, the fruit  width was between 77.78 and 110.51 mm, the fruit height was between 69.14 and 96.48 mm, the shape index was between 0.85 and 0.93, the  fruit skin rate was between %43.57 and %51.32, the skin thickness was between 4.37 and 5.54 mm, the grain yield was between %48.68 and %61.91 the fruit juice yield was between %64.79 and %75.87; L values were between 38.55 and 48.25, a values were between 47.35 and 55.43, b values were between 17.07 and 24.27 the total soluble solutes (TSS) were between %15.67 and %18,80; pH 286-3.25; the titrability acidity (TA) was between %0.99 and %1.52, ascorbic acid (vitamine C) was between 7.63 and 14.37 mg/100 g, the total phenolic was between 1500 and 3010 mg GAE/100 mL, gallic acid was between 36.63 and 61.13 mg/L, catechin was between 24.00 and 35.70 mg/L, clorogenic acid was between 57.50 and 95.97mg/L, caffeic acid was between 6.80 and 12.67 mg/L and ellagic acid was between 5.10 and 8.70 mg/L among the orchards. 
In the study, there was no a relationship between altitude and fruit quality parameters, except cafeic acid. It was found that there was a linear relationship (R2=0.5403) between altitude and cafeic acid. 
Finally, the largest, the reddest skin and the highest C vitamini  content of fruit was found in Antalya region