Entegre BWM-CoCoSo ve entegre sezgisel bulanık AHP-bulanık MOORA uygulamaları ile otel seçimi
Hotel selection with integrated BWM-CoCoSo and integrated intuitionistic fuzzy AHP-fuzzy MOORA applications
Yazar: ZELİHA NUR GİRESUNLU
Danışman: DOÇ. DR. TÜLAY KORKUSUZ POLAT
Sakarya Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı / Mühendislik Yönetimi Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2023
Konu: Endüstri ve Endüstri Mühendisliği = Industrial and Industrial Engineering
Dizin: Bulanık = Fuzzy ; Endüstri mühendisliği = Industrial engineering ; Oteller = Hotels ; Sezgisel belirtisiz kümeler = Intuitionistic fuzzy sets ; Sezgisel yöntemler = Heuristic methods

Özet:
Konut, insanların barınma, sağlık, güvenlik ve sosyo-kültürel ihtiyaçlarını sınırlı bir bütçe içerisinde karşılamalarını gerektiren çok yönlü bir konudur. Günümüzde iş, tatil ve birçok farklı nedenden dolayı isteğe bağlı veya mecburi olarak seyahat yaygın hale gelmiştir. Seyahat ederken bireyler, yurt içi-yurt dışı, yaz-kış ve seyahat türü gibi özelliklere göre karar almakta ve konaklama seçimlerini verilen karara uygun şekilde yapmayı ön görmektedir. Çalışmada yurt içi, yurt dışı-yaz, kış-vizeli, vizesiz ve seyahat türlerinin seyahat edecek bireyler tarafından belirlendiği, belirlenen kriterler baz alınarak en uygun otelin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma, yurt içi-yurt dışı için tercih edilen seyahat yerleri için yapılan analizleri, seyahat türlerini (iş seyahati, çift seyahati, aile ile seyahat,arkadaş ile seyahat ve yalnız seyahat) kapsamaktadır. Her bir seyahat türüne göre kriterler araştırması yapılmış ve  özelleştirilmiştir. Uzmanlar için anket hazırlanmış ve anket sonuçları baz alınarak seyahat türlerine göre kriterlere puanlar verilmiştir.Verilen puanların ağırlıklı ortalaması hesaplanmıştır.
Alternatifler için Google ve sosyal medya yardımıyla gezgin seyahat rotaları araştırılmıştır. Araştırmalar sonucu belirlenen seyahat yerlerinde bulunan otel alternatifleri Trivago, Tripadvisor ve Booking otel arama motorlarında bulunan verilerin analizi ile elde edilmiştir. Yurt dışı için altı adet yurt içi için ise beş adet alternatif üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışmada en uygun otel seçimi için iki farklı uygulama yapılmıştır. Her iki uygulamada da hem kriter ağırlıklandırılması hem de en uygun otel seçimi beş farklı seyahat türü için yapılmıştır. Toplam olarak dört adet yöntem ele alınmıştır. Kriterlerin derecelendirilmesi ve ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi için iki adet çok kriterli karar verme metodu kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemlerden birincisi BWM -Best-Worst Method- (En İyi- En Kötü Yöntemi), ikincisi ise Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Sezgisel Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi) tir. Alternatif seçimi için iki adet çok kriterli karar verme metodu belirlenmiştir. Birinci yöntem CoCoSo - Combined Compromise Solution (Kombine Uzlaşmacı Çözüm Yöntemi) ikinci yöntem Fuzzy MOORA - Multi Objective Optimization for Ratio Analysis - (Oran Analizi ve Referans Noktası Yaklaşımı) olarak çalışılmıştır.BWM-CoCoSo yöntemleri birinci ve Sezgisel Bulanık AHP-Bulanık MOORA ise ikinci uygulama olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada her iki uygulama ile de kriterler ağırlıklandırılmış ve otel alternatiflerinden en iyisi seçilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların birbiriyle karşılaştırılması,sonuçlara göre negatif ve pozitif yönlerinin yorumlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Abstract:
Housing stands as a multifaceted challenge, entwining essential elements of shelter, health, safety, and socio-cultural needs, tasking individuals to navigate these realms within the constraints of limited budgets. As society evolves, the landscape of travel has undergone a transformation, morphing into a common occurrence driven by work commitments, leisure pursuits, and an array of motivations. Amidst these journeys, individuals find themselves at crossroads, making decisions guided by nuanced factors such as destination, season, and the nature of the travel, each influencing the choices they make in terms of accommodation.
This comprehensive study is a deliberate endeavor to pinpoint the most fitting hotel based on a meticulously designed set of criteria shaped by individuals embarking on various types of travel—be it domestic or international, in the throes of summer or winter, with or without the need for a visa. The research unfolds with detailed analyses of preferred travel destinations for both domestic and international voyages, encapsulating an array of travel types: from business and couple travels to family, friend, and solo endeavors. Each travel type have brought its own set of criteria into play, prompting an exhaustive investigation tailored to the specific needs and preferences associated with these diverse categories.
As has delved deeper into the methodology, alternative traveler routes emerge as a crucial element, scrutinized through the lens of popular search engines and platforms such as Google and social media. The expedition to identify hotel alternatives ensues with an analysis of data derived from renowned hotel search engines like Trivago, TripAdvisor, and Booking. The results have presented with clarity, featuring six options meticulously evaluated for international travel and an equally scrutinized five options for domestic alternatives.
Choosing a hotel, in essence, is a process influenced by a myriad of criteria. The decision-makers weigh factors such as location, price, facilities, amenities, reviews, safety, accessibility, customer service, and even special requirements, each playing a pivotal role in shaping the final choice. It is imperative to recognize that individual preferences, driven by unique needs and desires, introduce a subjective layer, influencing the prioritization of these criteria.In the process of selecting a hotel, individuals conscientiously weigh multiple criteria to ensure a stay that is both comfortable and satisfactory. These considerations encompass various factors that contribute to the overall experience, shaping the decision-making landscape for discerning travelers.
Location: A pivotal consideration for many travelers is the hotel's proximity to desired attractions, business centers, transportation hubs, or specific neighborhoods. This strategic aspect significantly influences the convenience and accessibility of the chosen accommodation.
Price: Affordability and the perceived value for money play a pivotal role in the decision-making process. Travelers systematically compare prices, evaluating the amenities and services offered within their specified budget to derive maximum value from their investment.
Facilities and Amenities: Discerning travelers actively seek essential amenities to enhance their stay. These may include but are not limited to comfortable bedding, impeccable cleanliness, efficient air conditioning, reliable Wi-Fi, convenient parking, well-equipped fitness centers, inviting swimming pools, and diverse on-site dining options.
Reviews and Ratings: Drawing insights from the experiences of previous guests is a standard practice in decision-making. Reviews and ratings offer valuable perspectives on the quality of service, cleanliness standards, and the overall experience a hotel provides.
Safety and Security: Prioritizing safety, travelers opt for hotels that offer a secure environment. This involves well-lit areas, the presence of security personnel, and secure access to rooms, collectively contributing to a sense of well-being during their stay.
Accessibility and Convenience: The accessibility of a hotel to public transportation, airports, or major roadways is a key consideration. Additionally, the proximity of nearby restaurants, shops, and entertainment options adds an extra layer of convenience, enhancing the overall travel experience.
Customer Service: The level of customer service and staff friendliness significantly influences the overall perception of a hotel. Travelers value prompt and helpful assistance from hotel staff, contributing to a positive and memorable experience.
Special Requirements: Acknowledging the diverse needs of travelers, some individuals may have specific requirements such as wheelchair accessibility, a preference for pet-friendly accommodations, or dietary restrictions. Choosing a hotel capable of accommodating these specific needs is of paramount importance.
It is imperative to recognize the inherent variability in individual preferences, as different travelers prioritize these criteria based on their unique requirements and personal inclinations. This nuanced understanding underscores the complexity of decision-making in the realm of hotel selection, where a myriad of considerations converges to define the ideal stay for each traveler
The study adopts a nuanced and meticulous approach to hotel selection, introducing four distinct methods, each contributing to the comprehensive evaluation of criteria and alternatives. The strategic selection of two separate couples forms the bedrock of the methodology. The first couple brings forth the BWM-CoCoSo methods, while the second couple delves into the intricacies of the Intuitionisic Fuzzy AHP-Fuzzy MOORA methods.
At the core of the research lie two multi-criteria decision-making approaches designed to assess criteria and determine their relative importance: the Best-Worst Method (BWM) and the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). To identify alternatives, two distinct multi-criteria decision-making methods are enlisted: the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) and the Fuzzy Multi-Objective Optimization for Ratio Analysis (Fuzzy MOORA). The BWM-CoCoSo methods are designated as the first couple, weaving together the insights of the Best-Worst Method with the holistic approach of the Combined Compromise Solution. Simultaneously, the Intuitionistic Fuzzy AHP-Fuzzy MOORA methods constitute the second couple, blending the structured Analytic Hierarchy Process with the nuanced approach of Fuzzy MOORA.
Anticipating the culmination of the study involves envisioning a detailed exploration of criteria through both couples of methods, a meticulous comparison that transcends superficial observations, and the ultimate selection of alternatives. The overarching goal remains to interpret the results with a keen eye on the strengths and weaknesses inherent in each method pair. In doing so, the study not only serves the immediate purpose of aiding in hotel selection but also has contributed valuable insights to the broader field of decision-making methodologies.
Decision-making, a constant companion in life's moments, stretches across the spectrum from carefully planned long-term strategies to spontaneous choices dictated by the immediate circumstances. Recognizing the common thread that binds all decisions—the pursuit of what is right for the individual—underscores the essence of this study. In an era where travel has seamlessly woven itself into the fabric of routine, pivotal decisions are rendered during these journeys. The study recognizes the multifaceted nature of housing concerns, acknowledging the significance of selecting accommodations that align seamlessly with the unique preferences and requirements of individuals during their travels.
In conclusion, this study unfolds as a holistic exploration, intertwining the realms of best hotel chosing in travel. By navigating the complexities of diverse travel types and adopting a comprehensive methodology, the study endeavors to serve as a guiding compass, steering individuals towards informed decisions that resonate with their distinct preferences and requirements. As embarked on this journey through the intricacies of decision-making, the study not only illuminates the path towards optimal hotel selection but also has contributed to the broader discourse on decision-making methodologies.