Alabalık çiftliklerinin çeşitli faaliyetler sonucu yarattıkları kirlilik yükünün dönemsel olarak incelenmesi
Investigation of trout farms which has been constituted pollution that was resulted in some activities in a period of time
Yazar: ZEYNEP YURTMAN
Danışman: PROF.DR. ADNAN AYDIN
Marmara Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Çevre Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2006
Konu: Su Ürünleri = Aquatic Products ; Çevre Mühendisliği = Environmental Engineering

Özet:
Bu çalışmada, Kırklareli Yene deresi üzerinde kurulan 2 alabal k çiftli indengelen at ksuyun niteli i ve dere üzerindeki etkileri de erlendirilmi tir.Çal mada bal k çiftliklerinde yap lan ortalama üretimi A çiftli inde 25 ton/y lve B çiftli inde 29 ton/y l'd r. Genel olarak Yene Deresinde Debi min. 116,1 L/sn (A- letmesi) ile mak. 591 L/sn (B - letmesi) aras ndad r. Kuru yem tüketimi Açiftli inde 22 ton/y l, B çiftli inde 40 ton/y l'd r.Çiftliklerden bo alan suyun etkisiyle, suyun fiziksel karakterindeki netde i im; Çözünmü Oksijen konsantrasyonu 2,3 ile 10,5 mg/L aras nda; S cakl k11,2 ile 17,3 0C aras nda; pH 6,03 ile 8,7 aras nda; -letkenlik 1000 ile 1090

Abstract:
In this study, effluents from two rainbow trout (oncorhyncus mykiss) farmslocated in Yene streams in K rklareli were characterized and their impact on thereceiving streams was evaluated. Mean fish production in the studied fish farms wereA farm 25 t and B farm 29 t of trout per year, respectively. The water was abstractedfrom Yene stream, at flow rates ranging from max. 116,1 L/s (A farm) to mak. 591L/s (B farm). A dry feed consumption 22 t/year for A farm and 40 t/year for B farm.As the water flows through the farms, net variations in the physicalcharacteristies were observed a mean reduction in the dissolved oxygenconcentration between 2,3 and 10,5 mg/L; between 11,2 and 17,3 0C for temperature;between 6,03 and 8,7 for pH; between 1000 and 1090 5S/cm for electric conductivityand between 121 and 328,2 mV for Oxidation Reduction Potantiel (ORP).As for net variations in the chemical characteristies were observed a meanreduction in the total alkalinity between 15,32 and 26,73 mg HCO3-/L; betwen 0,010and 0,215 mg NH3+-N/L for ammoniac nitrogen; between 0,23 and 1,96 mg PO43--P/L for total phosphorus; between 3,92 and 157,47 mg/L for chemical oxygen dissolve(COD) and between 9,50 and 17,50 0F for total hardness. Also, between 0,032 and0,045 mg NO2âN/L for Nitrit and between 0,115 and 0,214 mg NO3âN/L forNitrate.Concentration profiles fort he most parameters show the impact of the effluentdischarges on the physico-chemical Yene Stream quality from the trout farms.Total nitrogen (N), 1,18349 t/year from A farm; 2,1518 t/year from B farm andtotal nitrogen 3,33529 t/year effluents from two rainbow trout in Yene streams inK rklareli.Negative effects of aquaculture could be reduced by using quality feeds andhigh energy feeds, using optimum tables, quality farm management.It?s studied veries that obtaining by researches in the firms lasted about twoyears. Cn this researches the station in the firm are studied one by one, and tryed toascertain giving the feeds into ponds directly not using in which proportions, bypaying attention to change between adding and current quantity of nitrogen in theartificial ponds.It?s also compared chemical veries with total moss of fish in the ponds.It seens that the fishing in the soft waters because of high flows, is doig awaywith pollution factors is serious proportion which being after different activities.% 90 of feeds that first factors of pollution are consumed by fishes. Thefeeds not consuming and remainings of fishes metabolism activities aren?taccumulating because of high flows. It?s true being change quality of water in longterm isn?t being pollution clearly in periodical. Because in the measuring doing in thepond waters is frequently seen reactions that causing change the strusture of water.For decreasing the effect of fishing to environment, should be used the feedkits which can resist in the water in desired time and be consumed completely byfishes. The border of nitrogen and phosphorus to receiver surrounding should belowered by determining the optimum protein and fat proportions of fish. In the pondand tank fishing, remaining waters should be purified. It should be paid attention tothe density of stocking.July, 2006 Zeynep YURTMAN