İnebolu tarihi ticari merkez ile geleneksel konut dokusunun bütünleştirilmesine yönelik bir öneri
A study and rehabilitation proposal for integrating the historical commercial center and traditional house pattern in Inebolu
Yazar: GÜLİZ ÖZDENİZ
Danışman: YRD. DOÇ. DR. YILDIZ SALMAN
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı / Restorasyon Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2012
Konu: Mimarlık = Architecture

Özet:
İnebolu tarihi kent merkezinde gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın kapsamı, çarşı çeperlerinden başlayarak kentin sahip olduğu eğimli topoğrafyaya yayılan geleneksel kent dokusunu oluşturan anıtsal yapıların, sivil mimarlık örneklerinin ve bunlarla bir bütünlük oluşturan kentsel öğelerinin geçirdiği değişim ve bozulmaların incelenerek, tarihi kent dokusunun iyileştirilmesine yönelik koruma yaklaşımı içeren bir model öneri geliştirmektir.'İnebolu Tarihi Ticari Merkez ile Geleneksel Konut Dokusunun Bütünleştirilmesine Yönelik bir Öneri ' adını taşıyan bu tez çalışması 6 bölümden oluşmaktadır.Birinci bölümde, ortaya konulacak çalışmanın amacı ve çalışmanın yürütülmesinde çeşitli aşamalarda kullanılan yöntemler yer alacaktır. Bu bağlamda bu tez çalışması kapsamında öncelikle İnebolu kentinin bugünkü durumu ve tarihsel gelişimi araştırılarak, sahip olduğu mimari dokunun iyi çözümlenmesi hedeflenmiştir.İkinci bölümde, İnebolu kentine ait veriler toplanarak bölgenin tarih boyunca süregelen değişimi, bu süreçte geçirdiği yapısal ve işlevsel değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda kentin mevcut durumunun analizleri yapılarak fiziksel, sosyal, ekonomik durumları belgelenmiş, günümüze kadar bölgede gerçekleştirilmiş koruma ve planlama çalışmaları ele alınmıştır.Üçüncü bölümde, teze konu olacak çalışma alanı olarak çarşı bölgesi ile birlikte `İstiklal Yolu' olarak tanımlanan geleneksel yapı stoğunun yoğun olduğu eksen tanımlanmıştır. Alanın mevcut fiziksel ve sosyal durumunu ortaya koyan analizler değerlendirilerek bölgedeki tarihi yapı grupları belirlenerek her yapıya ait tespit ve önerileri içeren analiz tablo ve paftalar hazırlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda İnebolu konut mimarisinin genel özellikleri de araştırılarak çarşı içindeki dokunun seçilen aksla bütünleştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.Dördüncü bölümde teze konu olarak çalışma alanının fiziksel çevre ve sosyo-ekonomik durumu ile ilgili sorunları tanımlanmıştır. Buna göre, alana çevresel ve yapısal ölçekte kullanım önerileri getirilmiştir. Teknik belgelemeleri yapılan yapıların bulunduğu çarşı bölgesi ve konut aksının fonksiyon ve kullanım önerileri ile kentin gelişim çizgisi tanımlanarak bir öneri model geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda çarşı bölgesinde bulunan sokaklara ilişkin fiziksel öneriler çevresel ve tek yapı boyutunda ele alınmıştır. Zengin bir tarihi ve kültürel mirasa sahip bu kent dokusuna ait tanımlanan bölge ile ilgili elde edilen verilen doğrultusunda bir bütünleştirme önerisi geliştirilmiştir.Beşinci bölümde model olarak ele alınan bölge dışında kentsel sit sınırı içinde bulunan liman bölgesinde yer alan ve hâlihazırda kullanımda olan Etibank'a ait olan endüstri yapısı ve bu bölgede madenlerin İç Anadolu'ya taşındığı teleferik hattının, kente önerilen model bağlamında nasıl yer bulacağına dair gelecek projeksiyonu belirlenerek öneriler sunulmuştur. Gerçekleştirilen analiz ve tespitler sonucunda, bölgenin karakterine uygun bir koruma önerisi ile kentin koruma mirasına katkıda bulunulması amaçlanmıştır.Altıncı ve son bölümde ise çalışma alanında yapılan tüm çalışmaların genel bir değerlendirmesi yapılarak, İnebolu'nun kentin tüm aktörleri ile sahip olduğu mirası gelecek kuşaklara nasıl aktaracağı yönünde vurgu yapılmıştır.

Abstract:
Inebolu is a port city in the Black Sea Region, which is located within the borders of Kastamonu province. Since ancient times, due to its geographical location and its economic and cultural wealth, it has been considered as an important urban fabric for many years. Such as many Anatolian city, Inebolu has been exposed to the process of historical transformations by destroying the traditional fabric with increase of unqualified building stock. With its important presence of the immovable cultural heritage, civic and monumental buildings many of which could not manage to reach present day, some were abandoned to its fate in the damaged pattern of the city.The scope of the study held in the historic city center of Inebolu province is to analyze the transformations, decays of monumental structure, samples of civil architecture and urban elements integrate with whole city that compose the sloping topography of which the city is starting with the walls of the bazaar and emitted by the traditional urban fabric, and thereby develop a holistic conservation approach to improve the historic city fabric.The thesis named as ``A Study and Rehabilitation Proposal for Integrating the Historical Commercial Center and Traditional House Pattern in Inebolu?? is consist of six chapters.In the first chapter: the purpose, scope and the method of the study is explained. In this context, the scope of the study is first to investigate the historical development and current status of the city of Inebolu thereby its architectual pattern is aimed to be well analyzed.In the second part, the data from the city of Inebolu is collected to investigate the ongoing changes throughout the history of the region and its process of structural and functional changes. Therefore, the physical, social and economic situations of the city are documented by working analysis of its current situation discussed with the former preservation and planning studies in the region.In the third section, as the subject of the thesis the working area is defined by historical bazaar and the axe known as 'Path of Independence' where the traditional building stock. The physical and social structure of the area are analyzed in tables and graphics which are also indicating traditional building and structure properties. In this context, it is aimed to integrate the pattern in the city center with the selected axe by investigating the characteristics of the Inebolu housing architecture.In the fourth part, the problems related to the physical environment and socioeconomic status were determined. Accordingly, usage proposal based on environmental and structural scale are developed. By technical surveys of thebuildings in city bazaar region with the function and usage proposals of residential axe, a proposal model is defined therby determine the new city development line. In this context, physical proposals relating to the streets in the bazaar are discussed in way of single building and environmental as well. An integration proposal is developed in accordance with the data obtained from the region which belong to the city fabric that has also rich historical and cultural heritage.In the fifth part, in addition to the working area, the industrial structure already in use belong to Eti Mine Works located in the boarders of urban site is selected to work and analyze. Within this frame, a future projection is determined related to the Ferry Line allowing the transfer of the mine into the Anatolia and also recommendations are presented how to find place within the context.At the sixth and the last chapter, as a result of the analysis and findings in the study area, it is aimed to contribute the legacy of city by proposing a protection model appropriate with the character of the area.In this thesis, which Inebolu historical city center and surrounding area is being selected as the subject, some resources of Inebolu Municipality, The Municipality of Kastamonu, I.B.B Ataturk Library resources and some of the universities academic studies were used in order to analyze the historical research of architectural pattern, current situation analysis and proposals.However considering the significance of the city during the Ottoman period, the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, Ottoman Bank Archive and Research Center, Salt Research Center and the History Foundation International Publications library, viewing the history of the Ottoman sources were investigated. Affiliated with the regional council of Ankara KTVKK, report of 1995 conservation plan, some certificates of registered monuments used as a source for the research.The area which is subject to the thesis is formed of a large part of the Center for Urban Bazaar in İnebolu the south side of the city with the most important artery that feeds the city , but also Independence Road which is an important element in the history of the city and the surrounded area of this axis including the fabric of traditional housing, is described as the study area.Analysis undertaken in the study area and the environment have been determined considering the architectural and environmental values of the city. In this sense the buildings in the marketplace were studied as an important element of city?s commercial identity. In addition Mustafa Kemal Pasa Caddesi known as independence avenue and the traditional residential building pattern around the street have been included in the study. All these building stock and surrounding natural and built elements that are belong to the identity of the city is supported by social analysis and questionnaires in terms of revealing the organization of the city.In this context, considering the physical and social issues, some proposals have been made by making some questionnaires with the business owners in market place. As well as detailed analysis of buildings that are included in the study area some historical cultural and economic potentials are discussed. In this context some functions are described for archaeological remains on top of the hills named Abastepe and Geris Tepesi, Inebolu Harbour and Etibank Management cable car line considering the future projection. In order to transfer the existing physical data of the study area 1/1000 scale analysis were conducted on the current land use plan. Conservation plan date from 1995 and revision decisions are utilized during theevaluation process of the analysis. Buildings in the study area examined regarding to their locations, plan and façade features, thus they are classified as different typologies. In addition potential and problems are identified for the study area and a conservation proposal has been developed by virtue of observations and evaluations. In this proposal in addition to upper scale decisions 1/500 and 1/200 scale building silhouettes are used to point out some intervention and utilization proposes on the basis of the buildings.With its cultural historical and economic values Inebolu are examined in the light of process of historical background considering the traditional urban fabric with urban and architectural elements, thus a proposal plan has been developed in accordance with the conservation of contemporary city planning. In this proposal the market place which is located in the historical protected area and the axis defined as `Istiklal yolu? in which traditional residences are situated are aimed to be integrated according to the conservation approach.However circulation axis formed as urban spine is aimed to propose in accordance with physical and social fabric of the city. In terms of the functioning the city as a whole , 'Integrated Protection' approach was taken into account considering the historical evolution and some exemplary models. The proposal city models examined in this context is considered to contain similar approaches with an exemplary of `integrated conservation model?.Primarily the proposed model is aimed to take place its each components of the city?s identity by defining its place in the future projections and most importantly in the light of aforementioned examples it is intended to be a model considering the people?s participation. The conservation approach produced within the framework of the proposed model is supported by physical decisions in order to integrate the model with the urban life. These decisions which are the part of `urban conservation model? include the components of the city?s historical background and the integration, re-use, intervention and new design principles considering the present conditions.