Şanlıurfa'da karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacı ve nedenlerinin belirlenmesi
Determination of unmet need for family planning in şanliurfa and its reasons
Yazar: RABİA ROJDA ŞAKAR
Danışman: DOÇ. DR. FATMA KORUK
Harran Üniversitesi / Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Hemşirelik Ana Bilim Dalı / Doğum, Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2024
Konu: Aile Planlaması = Family Planning

Özet:
Araştırma, Şanlıurfa'da karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacı ve nedenlerinin araştırılması amacıyla kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Şanlıurfa merkez ilçelerinde Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinden sağlık hizmeti alan, doğurganlık çağında ve herhangi bir aile planlaması yöntemi kullanmayan kadınlar oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örnek seçiminde küme örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İl merkezindeki her bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezi bir küme olarak alınmıştır.  Gerekli küme sayısını hesaplamak için yapılan pilot uygulama sonucunda küme sayısı 16 olarak bulunmuş ve araştırma toplam 313 kadınla tamamlanmıştır. Araştırma için Şanlıurfa İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü'nden ve Harran Üniversitesi Etik Kurul'undan yazılı izin, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden kadınlardan ise bilgilendirilmiş sözlü onamları alınmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, Veri Toplama Formu aracılığıyla yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, tek değişkenli analizlerden Ki-kare ve Mann Whitney-U testi ve çok değişkenli analizlerden Lojistik Regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kadınların %35.5' inin karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacı (%2.6' sının gebeliklerine ara vermek için, %32.9' u artık gebelik istemediği için) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Herhangi bir eğitim kademesini tamamlamamış, eşinin eğitim düzeyi ortaokul ve altı olan, gelir düzeyi düşük, evde en çok Arapça konuşan, yaş ortalaması 31.6 ± 7.32'nin üzerinde olan kadınlar ile gebelik ve doğum yapma öyküsü olan, yaşayan kız çocuğu sayısı fazla olan, son doğumun üzerinden geçen süresi fazla olan, aile planlaması yöntem kullanma öyküsü olan, son gebeliğini istememiş ve tekrar gebe kalmak istemeyen kadınların karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacının daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Evde en çok Arapça konuşulması karşılanmamış aile planlamasını ihtiyacını 3.5 kat, yaşayan kız çocuğu sayısının 2 ve üzerinde olması 1.8 kat, kadının yaşının 34 ve üzerinde olması 1.2 kat ve son doğumun üzerinden geçen süresinin 30 ay ve üzerinde olması 1.0 kat artıran en önemli faktörlerdir. Çalışmada, karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyaç düzeyinin Türkiye ortalamasından yaklaşık olarak 3 kat yüksek olduğu, sosyo-demografik, obstetrik ve aile planlaması yöntemleriyle ilişkili faktörlerin karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacını etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda; aile planlaması hizmetleri planlanırken, karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacını artıran faktörlerin göz önünde bulundurulması, karşılanmamış aile planlaması ihtiyacı fazla olan gruplara sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından eğitim, danışmanlık, takip ve izlemlerin yapılması önerilmiştir.

Abstract:
The research was conducted in a cross-sectional manner to investigate the unmet need for family planning and its reasons in Şanlıurfa. The population of the research consisted of women who received health services from the Family Health Center in the central districts of Şanlıurfa, who were of childbearing age and who did not use any family planning method. Cluster sampling method was used in sample selection of the research. Each Family Health Center in the city center was taken as a cluster. As a result of the pilot application to calculate the required number of clusters, the number of clusters was found to be 16 and the research was completed with a total of 313 women. For the research was obtained from Şanlıurfa Provincial Health Directorate and Harran University Ethics Committee, and informed verbal consent was obtained from women who agreed to participate in the study. The data of the research were collected by face-to-face interviews via the Data Collection Form. In evaluating the data; Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used for descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Mann Whitney-U test were used for univariate analyses, and Logistic Regression model was used for multivariate analyses. In the study, it was determined that 35.5% of women unmet need for family planning (2.6% to interrupt their pregnancy, 32.9% because they did not want pregnancy anymore). It was found that women who did not complete any level of education. The research was conducted in a cross-sectional manner to investigate the unmet need for family planning and its reasons in Şanlıurfa. The population of the research consisted of women who received health services from the Family Health Center in the central districts of Şanlıurfa, who were of childbearing age and who did not use any family planning method. Cluster sampling method was used in sample selection of the research. Each Family Health Center in the city center was taken as a cluster. As a result of the pilot application to calculate the required number of clusters, the number of clusters was found to be 16 and the research was completed with a total of 313 women. For the research was obtained from Şanlıurfa Provincial Health Directorate and Harran University Ethics Committee, and informed verbal consent was obtained from women who agreed to participate in the study. The data of the research were collected by face-to-face interviews via the Data Collection Form. In evaluating the data; Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used for descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Mann Whitney-U test were used for univariate analyses, and Logistic Regression model was used for multivariate analyses. In the study, it was determined that 35.5% of women unmet need for family planning (2.6% to interrupt their pregnancy, 32.9% because they did not want pregnancy anymore). It was found that women who did not complete any level of education, whose husband's' education level was a secondary school or below, who had low-income level, who mostly spoke Arabic at home, whose mean age was above 31.6 ± 7.32 years, and women who had a history of pregnancy and childbirth, who had a high number of living daughters, who had a long time since the last birth, who had a history of using for family planning methods, who did not want their last pregnancy and who did not want to get pregnant again had a higher unmet need for family planning (p<0.05). The most important factors that increase the need for family planning by 3.5 times are Arabic being spoken at home, having two or more daughters living at home by 1.8 times, having thirty-four and over increase the women's age by 1.2 times and having thirty months or more since the last birth by 1.0 times. In the study, the unmet need for family planning need level is approximately higher than. It was determined that it was 3 times higher and that factors related to socio-demographic, obstetrics and family planning methods affected the need for family planning. In line with these results; when planning family planning services, it is recommended that factors that increase the need for family planning should be taken into consideration, and that groups in need of family planning should be provided with training, consultancy, follow-up and follow-up by health professionals.vel of education, whose husband's' education level was a secondary school or below, who had low-income level, who mostly spoke Arabic at home, whose mean age was above 31.6 ± 7.32 years, and women who had a history of pregnancy and childbirth, who had a high number of living daughters, who had a long time since the last birth, who had a history of using for family planning methods, who did not want their last pregnancy and who did not want to get pregnant again had a higher unmet need for family planning (p<0.05). The most important factors that increase the need for family planning by 3.5 times are Arabic being spoken at home, having two or more daughters living at home by 1.8 times, having thirty-four and over increase the women's age by 1.2 times and having thirty months or more since the last birth by 1.0 times. In the study, the unmet need for family planning need level is approximately higher than the Turkey average. It was determined that it was 3 times higher and that factors related to socio-demographic, obstetrics and family planning methods affected the need for family planning. In line with these results; when planning family planning services, it is recommended that factors that increase the need for family planning should be taken into consideration, and that groups in need of family planning should be provided with training, consultancy, follow-up and follow-up by health professionals.