Direkt ve indirekt bonding tekniğinde proflaktik ozon uygulamasının etkinliğinin in vitro olarak değerlendirilmesi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
direkt ve indirekt bonding tekniğinde proflaktik ozon uygulamasının etkinliğinin in vitro olarak değerlendirilmesi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
direkt ve indirekt bonding tekniğinde proflaktik ozon uygulamasının etkinliğinin in vitro olarak değerlendirilmesi
Di̇rekt ve i̇ndi̇rekt bondi̇ng tekni̇ği̇nde proflakti̇k ozon uygulamasinin etki̇nli̇ği̇ni̇n i̇n vi̇tro olarak değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
di̇rekt ve i̇ndi̇rekt bondi̇ng tekni̇ği̇nde proflakti̇k ozon uygulamasinin etki̇nli̇ği̇ni̇n i̇n vi̇tro olarak değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
di̇rekt ve i̇ndi̇rekt bondi̇ng tekni̇ği̇nde proflakti̇k ozon uygulamasinin etki̇nli̇ği̇ni̇n i̇n vi̇tro olarak değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇
Yazar: NURBENGÜ YILMAZ
Danışman: PROF. DR. ERCAN CENK DORUK
Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi / Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Doktora, 2015
Konu: Diş Hekimliği = Dentistry
Dizin: Dental bonding = Dental bonding ; Dental mine = Dental enamel ; Dental stres analizi = Dental stress analysis ; Dental sızma = Dental leakage ; Diş hekimliği = Dentistry ; Ortodontik braketler = Orthodontic brackets ; Ozon = Ozone ; İn vitro = In vitro

Özet:
Çalışmamızın amacı; proflaktik ozon tedavisi sonrası direkt ve indirekt bonding tekniği ile yapıştırılan braketlerin bağlanma dayanımı ve braket-adeziv-mine yüzeyi arasında oluşan mikrosızıntıyı in vitro olarak değerlendirmektir.
Çalışmaya ortodontik tedavi amaçlı diş çekim endikasyonu konmuş, makroskobik olarak sağlıklı görünen, çürük ya da hipoplazi içermeyen küçük azı dişleri dahil edilmiştir. Mine ve braket ara yüzünde meydana gelen bağlanma dayanımını değerlendirmek amacıyla 48 adet, mine-adeziv-braket arasındaki mikrosızıntıyı değerlendirmek amacıyla da 24 adet olmak üzere toplam 72 adet küçük azı diş kullanılmıştır. Dişler bağlanma dayanımı grubunda her grupta 12, mikrosızıntı grubunda her grupta 6 diş olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Gruplardan 2'si çalışma, 2'si kontrol grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma gruplarındaki dişlere braketler yapıştırılmadan önce ozon uygulanırken, kontrol gruplarındaki dişlere uygulanmamıştır. Braketleme işleminden sonra tüm dişler yaşlandırma amacıyla termal siklusta 1000 döngüye tabi tutulmuştur.
Braketlerin bağlanma dayanımlarının karşılaştırılacağı dişler tek tek akrilik bloklara yerleştirilmiş ve instron test cihazında braketlerin bağlanma dayanımları değerlendirilmiştir.
Braketlerin koparılması sonrasında mine yüzeyinde ve braket kaidelerinde kalan adeziv, stereo ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskobunda incelenmiş ve kopma bölgeleri ARI skorlamasının bir modifikasyonuna göre tanımlanmıştır.
Direkt veya indirekt bonding tekniği ile yapıştırılan, ozon uygulanan ve uygulanmayan gruplardaki braketlerin bağlanma dayanımları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken, ARI skorları incelendiğinde, ozonlu direkt-ozonlu indirekt, ozonlu direkt-ozonsuz indirekt, ozonsuz direkt-ozonlu indirekt, ozonsuz direkt –ozonsuz indirekt  grupları arasındaki farklılık önemli bulunmuştur. 
Mikrosızıntı grubundaki dişlerden isomet düşük hızlı kesme cihazı ile kesitler alınıp, dişlerin oklüzal ve gingival bölgelerinde braket-adeziv-mine yüzeyi arasında oluşan boya penetrasyonu stereo ışık mikroskobunda x10 büyütmede incelenmiş ve sızıntı miktarı derecelendirilmiştir. Gruplara ait değerler arasındaki farklılık istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunmamıştır. 

Anahtar kelimeler: Direkt bonding, indirekt bonding, ozon, mikrosızıntı, bağlanma dayanımı

Abstract:
The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of proflactic ozone therapy on the shear bond strenght and microlekeage of braces bonded with direct and indirect technique in vitro.
72 premolars with no caries and hypocalsification areas extracted for orthodontic reasons are involved in this study. 24 and 48 teeth were used to evaluate microleakege and shear bond strength respectively
Teeth were divided into four groups, consisting of 6 teeth in each microleakage and 12 in each shear bond group. Two of the groups were defined as experimental groups and 2 of them were control groups. Braces were bonded with direct and indirect bonding in both microleakeage and shear bond groups. Proflactic ozon therapy was applied only in experimental groups and compared with non-ozone threated groups. All groups were subjected to 1000 thermocycles.
After thermacycling, each specimens were put into acrilik blocks. Shear forces were applied to braces with instron test machine. After debonding, mine surface and braces base were examined under stereo light microscope and modifiy ARI index was used to classifed adhesion type. 
At the same time, all teeth in shear bond group, were inspected under SEM to investigate if there is any difference between the thicknesses of adhesive for the groups.    
Shear bonding test showed no statistically significant difference between expereiment and control groups. However, ARI scores between ozone direct-ozone indirect , ozone direct- ozone indirect, ozone direct-ozone indirect, ozone direct– ozone indirect groups were statistically different.
Two parallel cuts were made by isomet machine in microleakage groups. Comparisons of the microleakage scores between all groups at the enamel-composite and composite-bracket interfaces indicated no statistically significant microleakage differences at the gingival and occlusal margins.

Keywords: Direct bonding, indirect bonding, proflactic ozone, microlekage, shear bond 










ABSTRACT
IN VITRO EVALUATIN OF PROFLACTIC OZONE TREATMENT DURING DIRECT AND INDIRECT BONDING

Nurbengü YILMAZ
Doctoral Thesis, Department of Orthodontics
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Cenk DORUK
2014, 64 pages

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of proflactic ozone therapy on the shear bond strenght and microlekeage of braces bonded with direct and indirect technique in vitro.
72 premolars with no caries and hypocalsification areas extracted for orthodontic reasons are involved in this study. 24 and 48 teeth were used to evaluate microleakege and shear bond strength respectively
Teeth were divided into four groups, consisting of 6 teeth in each microleakage and 12 in each shear bond group. Two of the groups were defined as experimental groups and 2 of them were control groups. Braces were bonded with direct and indirect bonding in both microleakeage and shear bond groups. Proflactic ozon therapy was applied only in experimental groups and compared with non-ozone threated groups. All groups were subjected to 1000 thermocycles.
After thermacycling, each specimens were put into acrilik blocks. Shear forces were applied to braces with instron test machine. After debonding, mine surface and braces base were examined under stereo light microscope and modifiy ARI index was used to classifed adhesion type. 
At the same time, all teeth in shear bond group, were inspected under SEM to investigate if there is any difference between the thicknesses of adhesive for the groups.    
Shear bonding test showed no statistically significant difference between expereiment and control groups. However, ARI scores between ozone direct-ozone indirect , ozone direct- ozone indirect, ozone direct-ozone indirect, ozone direct– ozone indirect groups were statistically different.
Two parallel cuts were made by isomet machine in microleakage groups. Comparisons of the microleakage scores between all groups at the enamel-composite and composite-bracket interfaces indicated no statistically significant microleakage differences at the gingival and occlusal margins.

Keywords: Direct bonding, indirect bonding, proflactic ozone, microlekage, shear bond 











ABSTRACT
IN VITRO EVALUATIN OF PROFLACTIC OZONE TREATMENT DURING DIRECT AND INDIRECT BONDING

Nurbengü YILMAZ
Doctoral Thesis, Department of Orthodontics
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Cenk DORUK
2014, 64 pages

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of proflactic ozone therapy on the shear bond strenght and microlekeage of braces bonded with direct and indirect technique in vitro.
72 premolars with no caries and hypocalsification areas extracted for orthodontic reasons are involved in this study. 24 and 48 teeth were used to evaluate microleakege and shear bond strength respectively
Teeth were divided into four groups, consisting of 6 teeth in each microleakage and 12 in each shear bond group. Two of the groups were defined as experimental groups and 2 of them were control groups. Braces were bonded with direct and indirect bonding in both microleakeage and shear bond groups. Proflactic ozon therapy was applied only in experimental groups and compared with non-ozone threated groups. All groups were subjected to 1000 thermocycles.
After thermacycling, each specimens were put into acrilik blocks. Shear forces were applied to braces with instron test machine. After debonding, mine surface and braces base were examined under stereo light microscope and modifiy ARI index was used to classifed adhesion type. 
At the same time, all teeth in shear bond group, were inspected under SEM to investigate if there is any difference between the thicknesses of adhesive for the groups.    
Shear bonding test showed no statistically significant difference between expereiment and control groups. However, ARI scores between ozone direct-ozone indirect , ozone direct- ozone indirect, ozone direct-ozone indirect, ozone direct– ozone indirect groups were statistically different.
Two parallel cuts were made by isomet machine in microleakage groups. Comparisons of the microleakage scores between all groups at the enamel-composite and composite-bracket interfaces indicated no statistically significant microleakage differences at the gingival and occlusal margins.

Keywords: Direct bonding, indirect bonding, proflactic ozone, microlekage, shear bond