Psı̇kolojı̇k sağlamlık düzeylerı̇nı̇n duygusal zeka ve ruhsal zeka ı̇le ı̇lı̇şkı̇sı̇
The relationship of resilience levels with emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence
Yazar: MEHMET ZEKİ KİŞİ
Danışman: DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ SERHAT YÜKSEL
Doğuş Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Psikoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2020
Konu: Psikoloji = Psychology
Dizin: Duygusal zeka = Emotional intelligence ; Psikolojik sağlamlık = Resilience ; Ruhsal zeka = Spiritual Intelligence ; Ölçekler = Scales

Özet:
Bu araştırma, Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeyleri ile Duygusal Zeka (EQ) ve Ruhsal ( Spiritüel) Zekanın (SQ) ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Çalışma grubu; 20-50 yaş arası en az lisans eğitim seviyesine sahip, 170 kadın ve 110 erkek katılımcıdan oluşmuştur.
Çalışmada, veri toplanması amacıyla; Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği Schutte Duygusal Zeka Ölçeği, Ruhsal Zeka Özellikleri Ölçeği, Empati Ölçeği ve Demografik Bilgi Formu kullanıldı. Toplanan verilerin analizinde; değişkenlerin birbiri ile ilişkilerini incelemek için Spearman korelasyon analizi, değişkenlerin bağımlı değişkene olan etkisini öğrenmek için çoklu regresyon ve cinsiyete göre karşılaştırmalar için Mann Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır.
Yapılan çalışmada EQ ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasında pozitif ilişki bulundu (r = 0.536; p<0.010). EQ (alt boyutları ile birlikte) psikolojik sağlamlığın toplam varyansının yaklaşık % 37'sini açıklıyordu (R = 0.604, R2=0.365; p<0.010).
Araştırmada SQ ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasında pozitif ilişki bulundu (r = 0.179; p<0.010). SQ'nun (alt boyutları ile birlikte) dayanıklılığı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve psikolojik sağlamlığın toplam varyansının yaklaşık % 11'ini açıkladığı bulundu (R=0.336, R2=0.113; p<0.010).
Empati ve EQ arasında zayıf pozitif ilişki (r=0.414; p<0.010); empati ve psikolojik sağlamlık arasında zayıf pozitif ilişki (r=0.298; p<0.010) bulundu. Empati ölçeği alt boyutlarından empatik ilgi/sempati ile EQ ölçeği ve alt ölçekleri arasında negatif ilişki olduğu görüldü (r= -0.107). Empati psikolojik sağlamlığın varyansının % 17.7'sini açıklıyordu.
Empati ve EQ'nun psikolojik sağlamlığa etkisi birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, Empati ve EQ'nun ortak olarak psikolojik sağlamlık varyansının % 38.7'sini açıkladığı görüldü (R=0.622, R2 =0.387; p<0.010).
Çalışmada SQ ile EQ arasında pozitif ilişki bulundu (r =0.294; p<0.010). EQ kadınlarda erkeklerden daha yüksekti (p≤0.050). Psikolojik sağlamlıkta cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı fark yoktu. Ancak sadece psikolojik sağlamlığın alt faktörlerinden sosyal kaynaklar alt boyutunda kadınlar lehine anlamlı sonuç bulundu (p≤0.010). Çalışmada ayrıca, SQ ile yaş arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulundu (r=0.237; p<0.010).
Çalışmada psikolojik sağlamlık ile duygusal zeka arasında orta düzeyde, psikolojik sağlamlık ile spiritüel zeka arasında zayıf pozitif ilişki bulundu. Psikolojik sağlamlığa etkileri bakımından empati ile duygusal zekanın farklı kavramlar olabileceğine dair ipuçları bulundu. Anahtar Kelimeler: Psikolojik sağlamlık, duygusal zeka , spiritüel zeka , empati.

Abstract:
This study was carried out to research relationships between the resilience levels with Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence .
Participants consists of 170 female and 110 male participants with a minimum undergraduate education level, at the age between 20-50 years.
In order to collect data in the study; Resilience Scale for Adults, Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale, Spiritual Intelligence Characteristics Scale, Empathy Scale and aDemographic Data Form prepared by researcher, were used. In the analysis of collected data; Spearman Correlation Analysis was used to investigate the relationships between variables, Multiple Regression Analysis was used to determine predictor variables and Mann Whitney U test was used to compare variables of gender groups.
In the study, there was a positive correlation was found between Emotional Intelligence (Emotional Quotient-EQ) and Resilience (r=0.536; p<0.010). EQ (along with its sub-dimensions) accounted for about 36.5% of the variance in total Resilience (R=0.604, R2 =0.365; p<0.010).
There was a positive correlation between Spiritual Intelligence (SQ) and Resilience (r=0.179; p<0.010). It was found that SQ (with sub-dimensions) significantly predicted Resilience and accounted for about 11 % of the variance in total Resilience (R=0.336, R2=0.113; p<0.010).
There was a weak positive correlation between Empathy and Emotional Intelligence (r=0.414; p<0.010); a weak positive relationship was found between Empathy and Resilience (r=0.298; p<0.010). There was a negative correlation between Emotional Intelligence scale and empathic interest / sympathy which is sub-dimension of Empathy scale (r=-0.107). Empathy accounted for about 17.7% of the variance in total Resilience.
When the effect of empathy and EQ on Resilience is evaluated together, Empathy and EQ together accounted for 38.7% of the variences in total Resilience (R=0.622, R2 =0.387; p<0.010).
In the study, there was a positive correlation between Spiritual Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence (r=0.294; p<0.010). EQ scores of females was significantly higher than those of males (p≤0.050). There was no correlation between Resilience and gender. However, a significant result was found in favor of women in the Social Resources sub- dimension of Resilience (p≤0.010). There was also a positive correlation between Spiritual Intelligence and age (r=0,237; p<0.010).
In the study, a moderate positive correlation was found between Resilience and Emotional Intelligence and a weak positive relationship between Resilience and Spiritual Intelligence. In the study, some clues were found that Empathy and Emotional Intelligence may be different concepts in terms of their effects on Ressilience. Key Words: Resilience, emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, empathy