Türk sineması ve milliyetçilik
Turkish cinema and nationalism
Yazar: ALİ ALP AKSÖZ
Danışman: DOÇ. DR. FEZA TANSUĞ
Yeditepe Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Antropoloji Ana Bilim Dalı / Sosyal Antropoloji Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2008
Konu: Antropoloji = Anthropology ; Sahne ve Görüntü Sanatları = Performing and Visual Arts
Dizin: Irkçılık = Racism ; Milli hakimiyet = National sovereignty ; Milli kimlik = National identity ; Milli kültür = National culture ; Milli tarih = National history ; Milliyetçilik = Nationalism ; Savaş = War ; Sinema = Cinema

Özet:
Sinema ve insanlığa şekil ve yön vermiş hemen tüm ideolojiler birbirinden etkilenmiş,birbirini etkilemiştir. Tez konum olarak seçtiğim Türk Sineması ve Milliyetçilik, araştırmamboyunca incelenmiştir. Konuya sağlıklı eğilebilmek amacıyla millet, millet inşası, millikimlik, ırkçılık ve küreselleşme ile hiç şüphesiz milliyetçilik açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. YineTürk Sineması'nın tarihsel süreci ve geçirdiği aşamalar, dünya sinemasında Türkler'in tezahürbiçimleri, Türk Sinemasında Asker ve Ordunun yansımaları, milliyetçi filmler ve propagandafilmleri incelendi.Yine dönem olarak Cumhuriyet Dönemi, Osmanlı filmlerinin yükselişe geçtiği dönem,1960 ve 1980 anayasalarıyla yaşanan dönemler ve 1990'lardan itibaren yeni dönem Türksineması ele alındı.Milliyetçilik açısından değişik ve kendine has okumalar içeren Kurtlar Vadisi: Irakfilmi de ayrı bir bölüm olarak araştırmaya dahil edildi. Kurtlar Vadisi: Irak üzerinegerçekleştirilmiş, çeşitli sinema izleyicileri ile yapılan anket çalışması, ve yine Kurtlar Vadisi:Irak filmi üzerine yapılmış yerli ve yabancı bazı izleyici geridönüşleri de araştırmaya eklendi.İzleyiciler üzerindeki etkisini görmek açısından önem arzeden bu çalışmaların konuya ışıktuttuğunu ümit ederim.Sinemaya gönül ve emek vermiş, farklı okul ve tecrübelere sahip sinema ve televizyonoyuncusu Levent ÜZÜMCÜ, sinema ve televizyon bölümü öğrencisi Arda SANATKAR vesinema filmleri yönetmeni Halit REFİĞ ile yapılmış geniş içerikli görüşmeler yer almakta.Onların desteği ve tecrübesi, birbirinden değişik düşünce tarzları bu araştırma için büyükönem taşımakta.Son olarak geleceğe dair naçizane birkaç projeksiyon, araştırma konularınındeğerlendirmesi ve görsellere yer verilmiştir.

Abstract:
This research is about Turkish Cinema and Nationalism, in which I tried to analyze theimpact of the ideology of nationalism on Turkish cinema in several periods. How the Turkishcinema was effected by this ideology and similar ideologies, how cinema was used in order tospread this ideology, how people who has access or influence over the cinema field in Turkeyshape their opinion and beliefs about the issue.First of all, the literature was accessed and scanned, this helped me by shaping theresearch and realligning the border of the research. While the research was studied, especiallyanthropology, cultural, historical and political relations were stressed. It also helped me to seethe works that were done before on this issue spesifically. With this data stream, the questionsand the possible people for the interviews were shaped. At some point the people who wouldbe interviewed were decided and contacted.I explained the research methods. Which methods were used, and why was tried tomade clear. After that, I stressed the ethics of the research. The ethical values were protectedthroughout this work and all responsibilities which were underlined by AmericanAnthropological Association, were confidently carried.In the first part of the research it as focused on the terminology, I tried to crystalize themeanings of the concepts that were important for this research. Nationalism, racism, nationand nation-building etc. were explained. Also, a brief explanation on cinema history wasmade. I tried to explain all aspects of the issue and the subject topics were formed. Therelationships between cinema and the army and the soldiership were underlined.In the second part, I divided the research into segments, which consists a spesific timeperiod in Turkey. It was studied in each and every period, the impact of cinema onnationalism in Turkey. Those periods were; National Independence War of Turkey,Revolution of 1960, Movies About the Ottoman, Byzantium and Empires, The Coupof 1980 and Cinema, 90?s and Cinema, Valley of the Wolves: Iraq.In the third part, the interviews were made. Three people, who has big or smallinfluence and knowledge on the research subject were interviewed extensively. The answersthey gave, shed light to some more important parts and questions of the research, giving birthto new ones. Also, mini-questionnaires were made with the cinema audiences of a spesificmovie, which was well-known for its nationalist messages. The questionnaire consisted fourquestions and they were designed to reveal if the audience accepted the movie as a nationalistmovie or not.Finally a humble projection was made, what the future holds was tried to analyze. Itbecame clear that cinema and nations were arm in arms with each other. A business-likeinteraction is present between these two entities. They reflect on each other because cinema isa mirror, it was created by humans and it is being created constantly by humans who hasopinions, feelings, thoughts and ideologies.