Türk eğitim sistemi ile Kanada eğitim sistemlerinin karşılaştırılması
Comparison of Turkish and Canadian education systems
Yazar: İNCİ YAZICI
Danışman: PROF. DR. ADİL ÇAĞLAR
Yeditepe Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Eğitim Yönetimi ve Denetimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2009
Konu: Eğitim ve Öğretim = Education and Training
Dizin: Eğitim = Education ; Eğitim sistemi = Education system ; Kanada = Canada ; Karşılaştırmalı eğitim = Comparative  education ; Milli eğitim = National education ; Türk eğitim sistemi = Turkish education system

Özet:
Araştırmada merkezi yönetim odaklı olan Türk Eğitim Sistemi ile yerel yönetim odaklı olan Kanada Eğitim Sistemi karşılıklı olarak incelenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir.Her ülkenin kendi ideolojisine uygun bir eğitim sistemi vardır.Eğitim toplumun bütünlüğüne ve gelişimine etki eder.Bu etkiyi verimli kılmak için,ülkeler farklı ülkelerdeki sistemleri analiz etmeli ve sorunlarına daha geniş bir çerçeveden çözüm aramalıdır.Bir ülke, kendi sorunlarını ve eğitime etki eden tüm faktörleri değerlendirirken, başka ülkelerdeki sistemleri araştırmak durumundadır.Bu araştırmada, her iki ülkenin eğitim sistemlerinin tarihsel süreci,eğitim sisteminin dayandığı amaçlar,eğitim sistemlerinin yapısı,öğretmenlerinin yetiştirilmesi ve eğitim planlaması ve finanse edilmesi incelenmiştir.Araştırmanın sonunda ulaşılan verilere göre, Türk eğitim sistemi'nde Eğitim Bakanlığı çok bürokratik bir yapıya sahiptir.Oysa Kanada'da eğitim bürokratik olmaktan daha çok eğitime yön verici nitelik taşımaktadır.Yetki ve sorumluluk daha alt birimlere bırakılmıştır.Kanada Eğitim Sisteminde öğrenci ile ilgili ihtiyaçlar karşılanmış, Türk Eğitim sisteminde öğrenci ilgi, ihtiyaç ,beceri ve beklentileri ne yazık ki öncelikli bir tabana oturtulamamıştır. Kanada zengin bir ülkedir.Kanada'da eğitime ayrılan bütçe tüm eğitim ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaktadır.Milli geliri Türkiye'nin beş katından fazladır.Türkiye'de eğitim için gereken kaynaklar oldukça kısıtlıdır.Kanada Eğitim Sisteminde okul öncesi eğitime daha fazla önem verilmiş ve bu alanda ciddi çalışmalar gerçekleşmiştir.Türkiye'de 2009'da okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına verilen değer artış göstermiş ve bu alanda bazı ciddi girişimler başlamıştır.Yapılan yayınlar ve çeşitli girişimlerle, halk bu konuda daha fazla bilinçlendirilmiş, okul öncesi eğitim zorunlu hale getirilmiştir. Kanada'da, okul öncesi eğitimden ortaöğretime kadar okullaşma oranı yüksektir.Merkezi yönetim odaklı olan Türk Eğitim Sistemi ile yerel yönetim odaklı olan Kanada Eğitim Sistemi karşılıklı incelenmesinin getireceği olumlu katkılar vardır. Türk eğitim sistemi içerisinde bilimsel ölçütlere uymayan ve benzer uygulamalara da başka sistemler içerisinde rastlanmayan boyutlar, olası sorunlu boyutlar olarak bilinmektedir. Bu boyutlar, Karşılaştırmalı Eğitim Bilimindeki yaklaşımlara göre üzerlerinde araştırmalar yapılması gerekli olan ve araştırmalar için önerilen boyutlardır.

Abstract:
This research is to examine Turkish Educational System focused on central management and Canadian Educational System focused on the local management in mutual.All countries have their own educational systems in accordance with their needs.Education has an effect on the unity and development of a society.To fulfill this effect countries should analyze the different systems in different countries and find out new solutions for their prooblems in a different perspective.While evaluating their own problems they surely need to make a research on different systems.On this research ,the historical survey on educational system,the principle and targets depending on educational system,organization of education system, the method and inspection of education,training of teachers,educational personnels and their funds have been examined.According to the results taken at the end of the research, the organization of educational ministry has a very bureaucratic structure in Turkish Educational System.On the contrary Canadian Educational System do not have this type of structure. It focuses only on the guiding the education of the country.All authority and responsibilty were given to the local authorities.The interests and needs of students in Canada have been answered. In Turkey the interests, the needs, the skills and the expectations of the students unfourtunately are not taken as a prior issue in the system. Canada is a rich country.All the money taken from the budget has met the needs of education in Canada.National income in Canada is five times higher than in Turkey.The sources for the finance of education are quite limited in Turkey.In Canada pre-school education is taken more importantly than in Turkey. In 2009 pre-schools in Turkey have started to gain their importance and some attempts are being made on this issue.With some broadcasts and attempts all citizens in Turkey are getting more and more familiar with the subject and the pre-school education has become obligatory.All the area of Canada has been covered with schools starting from pre-schools to primary schools.Research on Turkish Educational System focused on central management and Canadian Educational System focused on the local management in mutual will bring some benefits. On this research the dimensions as the problematic ones in the Turkish Educational System which are not appropriate to any scientific criteria and which can not be found similar implementations in Canadian Educational Systems are determined. These dimensions are the ones which are suggested to be studied on according to the approaches of Comparative Education.This research is to examine Turkish Educational System focused on central management and Canadian Educational System focused on the local management in mutual.All countries have their own educational systems in accordance with their needs.Education has an effect on the unity and development of a society.To fulfill this effect countries should analyze the different systems in different countries and find out new solutions for their prooblems in a different perspective.While evaluating their own problems they surely need to make a research on different systems.On this research ,the historical survey on educational system,the principle and targets depending on educational system,organization of education system, the method and inspection of education,training of teachers,educational personnels and their funds have been examined.According to the results taken at the end of the research, the organization of educational ministry has a very bureaucratic structure in Turkish Educational System.On the contrary Canadian Educational System do not have this type of structure. It focuses only on the guiding the education of the country.All authority and responsibilty were given to the local authorities.The interests and needs of students in Canada have been answered. In Turkey the interests, the needs, the skills and the expectations of the students unfourtunately are not taken as a prior issue in the system. Canada is a rich country.All the money taken from the budget has met the needs of education in Canada.National income in Canada is five times higher than in Turkey.The sources for the finance of education are quite limited in Turkey.In Canada pre-school education is taken more importantly than in Turkey. In 2009 pre-schools in Turkey have started to gain their importance and some attempts are being made on this issue.With some broadcasts and attempts all citizens in Turkey are getting more and more familiar with the subject and the pre-school education has become obligatory.All the area of Canada has been covered with schools starting from pre-schools to primary schools.Research on Turkish Educational System focused on central management and Canadian Educational System focused on the local management in mutual will bring some benefits. On this research the dimensions as the problematic ones in the Turkish Educational System which are not appropriate to any scientific criteria and which can not be found similar implementations in Canadian Educational Systems are determined. These dimensions are the ones which are suggested to be studied on according to the approaches of Comparative Education.