Anlatı metinlerinde ön ve arka planı belirginleştiren dilsel görünümler: Türkçe üzerine gözlemler
Linguistic aspects determining the foreground and background in narrative texts: Observations on Turkish
Yazar: NERMİN YAZICI
Danışman: DOÇ. DR. G. LEYLA UZUN
Ankara Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Türkçenin Eğitimi ve Öğretimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Doktora, 2004
Konu: Eğitim ve Öğretim = Education and Training

Özet:
açısından, tek parçalı ön plana karşılık; arka planın çok parçalı (yönlendirme, değerlendirme, çözüm) oluşuyla da ilişkili görünmektedir. Anlatı metin türünde, dilbilgisel ulamların yam sıra, zaman sunumunda işlev yüklenen zaman belirteçleri de ön ve arka planın ayrımlaşmasına duyarlı davranan önemli bir dilsel araç olarak kendilerini belirginleştirmektedir. Ön planda yer alan zaman belirteçleri zaman odaklı ve sürerlilik gösteren belirteçlerken; arka planda yer alan sözcelerde sıklık belirteçleri ağırlık kazanmaktadır. 163ABSTRACT The primary aim of the study is to describe the language features underlining fore and background of Turkish narratives based upon fiction; to establish probable order; to highlight the lingual and linguistic characteristics, seen in the surface structure of texts and gaining a function in organization of fore and background of Turkish narratives. In the study, the shapes of the lingual and linguistic characteristics in Turkish narratives based upon fiction, enabling the differentiation and presentation of fore and background are studied and their discoursive functions are described. By the help of Connie's theoretical approach, affixes of tense and aspect, the main linguistic category for differentiating fore and background in narratives are dealt with. For narrative discourse, Turkish narratives have been selected according to a chronological order and they are analyzed in terms of the probability and frequency of affixes of tense and aspect in a narration, and in terms of the parallel structure between the discoursive steps in a text and the differentiation and elevation in a narrative. As a result of the analysis of the fifteen short stories, the data base of the study, some of the results about linguistic arrangements highlighting fore and background of the plan are listed below. In narrative texts perfective aspect, main instrument underlying the foreground, becomes evident in Turkish narratives; however, only when this aspect is in a "complex events" situation, it gains the mentioned discoursive function. Although the aspect / mood / tense paradigm has only one form {-DI} in the foreground, in the background utterances there exists a difference in this form. This difference seems to be related with the fact that background is made up of many elements (direction, evaluation, resolution) whereas the foreground is made up of one element. In narrative style, in addition to linguistic groups playing a role in the presentation of time, time adverbs come to the fore as significant language instruments which are sensitive to the differentation of fore and background. Those time adverbs in the foreground tend to be time-focused and continuous; however frequency adverbs are seen more in the background utterances. 164

Abstract:
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