Yezidiler, inanç esasları ve ritüelleri
The yezidis, principles of their belief and rituals
Yazar: MEHMET AKÇA
Danışman: PROF. DR. MUSTAFA ÖZ
Marmara Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı / İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2006
Konu: Din = Religion

Özet:
Yeni bi r din o l a r ak günümüzde y a s a y an Ye z idi l i g in s enkr e t i s tbi r y apı y a s ahip o ldugunu s ö y l e y ebi l i r i z . Ye z idi l i g in, i ç inde bi r ç okinanç t an pa r ç a l a r ba r ındı r an bi r din o ldugu a ç ıkt ı r . Bu ka rmay apının o lusumunda Se yh Adî b. Müs â f i r ' in büyük e tki s i o ldugudüsünül s e de , en büyük pa y Se yh Adî s onr a s ı ha lkı y öne t enl ide r l e r indi r . Adî `den s onr a ha lkı y öne t en l ide r l e r in s l ami ç i z g i y eba g l ı ka lmama s ı v e t oplulugu s i y a s i o l a y l a r ın i ç ine sürükl eme s i ,Ye z idi l e r in f a rkl ı inanç v e kül tür l e r l e t anı sma s ına neden o lmus tur .Ay r ı c a z aman z aman komsu ha lkl a r l a g i rdi g i müc ade l e l e r ,ç a t ı sma l a r Ye z idi ha lkının da g ı lma s ını , da g l ık bö l g e l e r e ç eki lme s inibe r abe r inde g e t i rmi s t i r . Bu da onl a r ın c ahi l l e sme l e r ini , ı s ınma y aba s l adıkl a r ı s l am Dini 'nden uz akl a sma l a r ını do gurmus tur . Bu v ebenz e r i s ebepl e r s onucu ka rma bi r y apı y a s ahip din; Ye z idi l iko lusmus tur .Ye z idi l e r , düny a y ı , me l ekl e r i v e Adem` i y a r a t an, s onr a s ındabunl a r l a i l g i l enme y en, f a a l o lmakt an uz akl a s an bi r i l ah anl a y ı s ıi ç e r i s indedi r . Bununl a be r abe r Ye z idi l e r , t anr ı t a r a f ından kendi s inea l emin kont r o lü v e r i l en, i t iba r ı yüks e l t i lmi s v e i l ahi v a s ı f l a r l adona t ı lmı s Me l ek Ta vus ` a da iman ede r v e ibade t l e r ini ona y apa r l a r .Eg i t im hakkı t oplumda be l l i bi r zümr e y e v e r i ldi g inden dine g i t imi v e r en kuruml a r ı , dini i lmiha l l e r i , ki t apl a r ı da me v cutde g i ldi r . Dinl e r ini s i f ahen ö g r enmek z o runda o l an Ye z idi l e r inibade t l e r inde de f e rdî l ik e s a s t ı r v e t oplu ibade t ede c ekl e r i mabe t l e r iy oktur . Do l a y ı s ı y l a bi r Ye z idi , dinini ba g l andı g ı din adaml a r ındanö g r enebi l i r . Ka s t s i s t emini andı r an, din adaml a r ından o lus an dinit e ski l a t l a r ı Ye z idi l i g in c an dama r ıdı r . Dinin c anl ı l ı g ı , dini t e ski l a t ındüz gün ç a l ı sma s ına ba g l ıdı r . Dini t e ski l a t l a r ını e ski s i g ibi a y akt atut amama l a r ı v e din adaml a r ına t e s l imî ba g l ı l ı g ın a z a lma s ı ,dinl e r inin unutulma s ını be r abe r inde g e t i rmekt edi r . GünümüzdeYe z idi l e r inc e l endi g inde bu ç ok a ç ık bi r s eki lde g ö rülmekt edi r .

Abstract:
As a newborn living religion, the concept of Yezidism has a syncretistic form. Asa natural extention is obvious that Yezidism is a mixture of many other religions.Although, it has always been thought that, in the development process of Yezidism,Sheikh Adî b. Müsafir had a great impact, the most greatest share belongs to the leaderswho guided the community after Sheikh Adî. Since leaders after Adî did not committheir selves to the true sources of Islam and manipulated their people into politics,Yezidis ended up meeting different cultures and believes.Time to time, the conflicts that Yezidis suffered from with their neighbourhoods haddriven the people of Yezidism to bay areas and country sides of their home. Therefore,Yezidis developed a resistance against Islamic knowledge and they gradually becameuneducated as a result of living mountain life. These and other similar reasons causedthe birth of Yezidism.The concept of God in Yezidism is pictured as a creator who created the planetearth, angels and Adam and left the whole universe unsupervised and alone. In additionto that, Yezidis believe in and worship Angel Tavus who is considered as given thecontrol of universe by God and equipped with holy powers.Because the privileged of education is given only to a class of people, there doesnot exist any official bodies holy book of the religion and so on. Since there is no writtensource of religion, it is taught to new generations by their parents. Since the worship isindividually done by followers of Yezidism, they do not have holy places to worship.Hence, a Yezidi can only learn his religion from the religious leaders. Looking at thehierarchical system and religious leaders, the main stream of Yezidism resembles thecast system. The life of the religion depends on the proper operation of this religioushierarchy and structure. Loss of interest and ties with religious leaders and lack ofdesire for keeping their religious structure in good shape as in the old times causes thereligion to be forgotten among the new generations. Today, even a little amount ofresearch proves the claim.