Kur'ân'da infak
Infaq in Kur'ân
Yazar: AZİZ TEKİNER
Danışman: PROF. DR. MUHSİN DEMİRCİ
Marmara Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / İlahiyat Ana Bilim Dalı / Tefsir Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2006
Konu: Din = Religion

Özet:
Kur'ân- Kerîm'de ?infâk? konusuna önemli bir yer verilmi ve Allah (c.c.)'n verdi:irzklardan Allah yolunda harcama yaplmas istenmitir. nfâk; mal, paray vb. eyleri hayryolunda, muhtaç kimselere karlksz vererek yardm etmek demektir. Nafaka, ihsân, îtâ, atâ,tasadduk, zekât, hayr, karz- hasen, yardmlama ve cömertlik infâkla anlam yaknl:aolan di:er kavramlardr.Bu tezde Kur'ân'a göre ?infâk? kavram ele alnarak tefsir kaynaklarndanincelenmeye çallmtr. Tezimiz, giri ve üç bölümden olumaktadr:Girite; infâk kavramnn ve anlam yaknl: olan di:er kavramlarn anlamlarverilmitir. Birinci bölümde; infâka konu olan Kur'ânî nasslar ele alnmtr. nsan?Allah ?eyailikisi ba:lamnda fakirlik meselesi ve dolaysyla infâka duyulan ihtiyaç ortaya konmutur.Zorunlu ve gönüllü infâkn çeitleri saylmtr. nfâkn gayesi tespit edilmeye çallmve engellerine dikkat çekilmitir. kinci bölümde; kimlerin infâk etmekle mükellef oldu:u,kimlere ? nerelere infâk edilece:i ve infâk edilebilecek maddî ? manevî nimetler saylmtr.nfâkn makbul olabilmesi için uyulmas gereken âdab açklanmtr. Üçüncü bölümde ise;infâkn sonuçlar ele alnm ve de:erlendirilmitir. Özetle u sonuçlara ulalmtr:nfâk, e:er Allah'n Kur'ân'da açklad: ve istedi:i ekilde yerine getirilebilirse,fert ve toplum hayatnda çok olumlu ve çok büyük etkiler yapmaktadr. nfâk edenlere üstünbir ahlâk kazandrmaktadr. nfâk edilen kimseleri muhtaçlktan kurtarmakta ve fakirlikproblemini kesinlikle çözmektedir. Toplumda zengin?fakir çatmasn önlemekte ve sevgiortam oluturmaktadr. nsanlar hem birbirlerine hem de Allah'a yaklatrmaktadr. nfâkedilmedi:inde ise toplumun düzeni bozulmakta ve büyük tehlikeler ortaya çkmaktadr. O haldeinsanlar, Allah'n verdi:i maddî ve manevî nimetleri yine Allah yolunda infâk etmelidir

Abstract:
Spending has been given significant place in Koran and it has been requested thatspending be made on God?s way from the food God has given. Spending means given goods,money etc. things in the way of Good by giving to those in need without waiting for any returnand helping them. Charity, doing of good, giving to kith and kin, gift, giving alms, regularcharity, good, beautiful loan, helping and generosity are the other notions that have similarmeaning with spending.In this thesis the ?spending? notion based on Koran has been taken at hand and anattempt has been made to examine it from sources of interpretation.In the introduction the meanings of spending and other notions that have close meaninghave been given. In section one the Koran special qualities that are subject to spending havebeen taken at hand. The issue of neediness in the sense of Human-God-goods relation and thusthe need for spending has been discussed. The types of mandatory and voluntary spending havebeen listed. The purpose of spending has been attempted to be established and attention wasdrawn to obstructions. In the second part who is obliged to spend, to whom - where spendingshould be made and material - non material blessings that could be spent were listed. Forspending to be acceptable the manners that need to be followed were listed. In the third sectionthe consequences of spending were taken at hand and evaluated.Spending, if it can be met the manner as God has explained in the Koran and desiresmakes great affects in the individual's and public life. It renders superior morals to those whospend. It saves the poor to whom the spending is done from destitute and definitely solves theproblem of destitute. It prevents the wealthy-poor conflict in the society and forms a lovingatmosphere. It brings people closer to both each other and to God. When spending is not made,on the other hand, the order of the society is disrupted and great hazards arise. Therefore peopleshould spend the material and non-material prosperity that God has given in the way of God.