İstanbul Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü İstanbul ili ağaçlandırma alanlarındaki entomolojik sorunlar
The Entomological problems on plantations in İstanbul province at İstanbul Forest Regional Directory
Yazar: H. HÜSEYİN CEBECİ
Danışman: PROF. DR. TAMER ÖYMEN
İstanbul Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Orman Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı / Orman Entomolojisi ve Koruma Bilim Dalı
Derece: Doktora, 2003
Konu: Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği = Forestry and Forest Engineering
Dizin: Biyolojik evreler = Biological stages ; Ekolojik koşullar = Ecological conditions ; Fidanlık = Nursery ; Sistematik = Systematics ; Zararlı böcekler = Insect pests

Özet:
ÖZET Bu çalışma 1999 - 2003 yılları içerisinde İstanbul Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü' nün İstanbul il sınırları içinde kalan ağaçlandırma alanlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde bu ağaçlandırma alanlarında Orthoptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera ve Hymenoptera takımına ait zararlı 84 tür tespit edilmiş olup liste halinde aşağıda verilmiştir. ORTHTOPTERA PHANEROPTERIDAE Isophya amplipennis Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 GRYLLOTALPIDAE Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) HOMOPTERA ADELGIDAE Pineuspini (Macquart, 1819) LACHNIDAE Cinara cedri Mimeur, 1935 Schizolachnus pineti (Fabricius, 1781) MARGARODIDAE Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius, 1883) PSEUDOCOCCIDAE Planococcus vovae (Nasanov, 1907) Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret, 1875) COCCIDAE Coccus hesperidum (Linnaeus, 1758) Physokermes piceae (Schrank, 1801) Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood, 1870) XIIDIASPIDIDAE Acanthomytilus cedricola Balachowsky et Alkan, 1956 Carulaspis minima (Taxgioni - Tozzetti, 1868) Leucaspis pusilla Loew, 1883 COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE Anthaxia godeti Gory and Laporte, 1839 Anthaxia praeclara Mannerheim, 1837 Buprestis cupressi Germar, 1817 Buprestis dalmatina Mannerheim, 1837 Buprestis haemorrhoidalis Herbst, 1780 Buprestis novemmaculata Linnaeus, 1758 Buprestis tarsensis Linnaeus, 1758 Chalcophora mariana (Linnaeus, 1758) Chrysobothris solieri Laporte and Gory, 1841 ANOBIIDAE Ernobius mollis (Linnaeus, 1758) Ernobius pini (Sturm, 1837) SCARAB AEIDAE Melolontha melolontha (Linnaeus, 1758) Polyphylla fullo (Linnaeus, 1758) CERAMBYCIDAE Prioninae Ergatesfaber (Linnaeus, 1761) Lepturinae Dinoptera collaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Leptura aurulenta Fabricius, 1792 Leptura maculata (Poda, 1761) Rhagium inquisitor (Linnaeus, 1758) Spondylinae Arhopalus rusticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cerambycinae Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pyrrhidium sanguineum (Linnaeus, 1758) XIIILamiinae Acanthocinus aedilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Acanthocinus griseus (Fabricius, 1792) Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795) CURCULIONIDAE Hylobius abietis (Linnaeus, 1758) Magdalis frontalis (Gyllenhal, 1827) Magdalis memnonia (Gyllenhal, 1837) Magdalis rufa (Germar, 1 824) Pissodes notatus (Fabricius, 1787) SCOLYTIDAE Hylesininae Hylastes ater (Paykull, 1800) Hylastes attenuatus Erichson, 1836 Hylastes linearis Erichson, 1836 Hylurgops palliatus (Gyllenhal, 1813) Hylurgus micklitzi Wachtl, 1881 Tomicus minor (Hartig, 1834) Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus, 1758) Ipinae Crypturgus cinereus (Herbst, 1793) Crypturgus mediterraneus Eichhoff, 1869 Crypturgus numidicus Ferrari, 1867 Crypturgus pusillus (Gyllenhal, 1813) Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal, 1 827) Ips mannsfeldi (Wachtl, 1 879) Ips sexdentatus (Boemer, 1767) Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston, 1 857) Orthotomicus longicollis (Gyllenhal, 1827) Orthotomicus pinivora Schedl, 1961 Orthotomicus proximus (Eichhoff, 1867) Orthotomicus suturalis (Gyllenhal, 1827) Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus, 1761) Pityokteines spinidens (Reitter, 1894) Pityokteines vorontzovi (Jacobson, 1 895) Pityophthorus micrographus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pityophthorus pityographus (Ratzeburg, 1836) Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsham, 1 802) XIVLEPIDOPTERA TORTRICIDAE Ar chips xylosteanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cydia conicolana (Heylaerts, 1 874) Cydia strobilella (Linnaeus, 1758) Piniphila bifasciana (Haworth, 1811) Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) GEOMETRIDAE Peribatodes secundaria (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) NOCTUIDAE Agrotis segetum (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758) PYRALIDAE Dioryctria abietella (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) Dioryctria mendacella (Staudinger, 1859) Dioryctria sylvestrella (Ratzeburg, 1840) THAUMETOPOEIDAE Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis and Schiffermüller; 1775) HYMENOPTERA DIPRIONIDAE Diprion pini (Linnaeus, 1758) Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy, 1785) SIRICIDAE Sirexgigas (Linnaeus, 1758) Sir ex noctilio (Fabricius, 1793) Bu çalışma ile tespit edilen türlerin morfolojileri, Dünya ve Türkiye'deki yayılışları, konukçu bitki türleri ve doğal düşmanları ortaya konulmuştur. Fidanlık zararlılarından Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (L.) tüm bölgelerimizde, ormancılığımız bakımından çok önemli türler kategorisinde bulunan Melolontha melolontha (L.), Hylobius abietis (L.), Tomicus minor (Htg.), T. piniperda (L.), Ips XVsexdentatus (Boern.), Diprion pini (L.) Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi hariç, Pissodes notatus (F.) Ege Bölgesi ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi hariç, Polyphylla fullo (L.), Orthotomicus erosus (Woll.), Rhyacionia buoliana (Den. & Schiff.), Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den. & Schiff.) ve Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffr.) ise Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgeleri hariç, tüm bölgelerimizde bulunmaktadır. Anthaxia godeti Gory and Lap., Buprestis dalmatina Mann., Chalcophora mariana (L.), Ergates faber (L.), Dinoptera collaris (L.), Acanthocinus aedilis (L.), A. griseus (F.), Hylobius abietis (L.), Hylastes ater (Payk.), Tomicus minor (Htg.), T. piniperda (L.), Crypturgus pusillus (Gyll.), Ips mannsfeldi (Wachtl), I. sexdentatus (Boern.), Orthotomicus pinivora Schedl ve Pityophthorus micrographus (L.) Trakya (Marmara) Bölgesinde bulundukları bu araştırma ile saptanmıştır. Ernobius mollis (L.), Leptura aurelenta F., Monochamus galloprovincialis (Oliv.), Magdalis rufa (Germ.), Hylastes attenuatus Er., Hylurgus micklitzi Wachtl, Crypturgus numidicus Fen., Orthotomicus suturalis (Gyll.), Pityogenes chalcographus (L.) ve Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsh.) Marmara Bölgesinde bulundukları bu araştırma ile saptanmıştır. XVI

Abstract:
SUMMARY This study have been realized in plantation forests of Istanbul province in 1999 - 2003. As a result of the study 84 species belong to 22 families of Orthoptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera have been determined and presented as follows: ORTHTOPTERA PHANEROPTERIDAE Isophya amplipennis Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1 878 GRYLLOTALPIDAE Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) HOMOPTERA ADELGIDAE Pineus pini (Macquart, 1819) LACHNIDAE Cinara cedri Mimeur, 1935 Schizolachnus pineti (Fabricius, 1781) MARGARODIDAE Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius, 1883) PSEUDOCOCCIDAE Planococcus vovae (Nasanov, 1907) Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret, 1 875) COCCIDAE Coccus hesperidum (Linnaeus, 1758) Physokermes piceae (S chrank, 1801) Pulvinariafloccifera (Westwood, 1870) XVIIDIASPIDIDAE Acanthomytilus cedricola Balachowsky et Alkan, 1956 Carulaspis minima (Targioni - Tozzetti, 1868) Leucaspis pusilla Loew, 1883 COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE Anthaxia godeti Gory and Laporte, 1839 Anthaxia praeclara Mannerheim, 1837 Buprestis cupressi Germar, 1817 Buprestis dalmatina Mannerheim, 1837 Buprestis haemorrhoidalis Herbst, 1780 Buprestis novemmaculata Linnaeus, 1758 Buprestis tarsensis Linnaeus, 1758 Chalcophora mariana (Linnaeus, 1758) Chrysobothris solieri Laporte and Gory, 1841 ANOBHDAE Ernobius mollis (Linnaeus, 1758) Ernobius pini (Sturm, 1837) SCARAB AEIDAE Melolontha melolontha (Linnaeus, 1758) Polyphylla fullo (Linnaeus, 1758) CERAMBYCIDAE Prioninae Ergatesfaber (Linnaeus, 1761) Lepturinae Dinoptera collaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Leptura aurulenta Fabricius, 1792 Leptura maculata (Poda, 1761) Rhagium inquisitor (Linnaeus, 1758) Spondylinae Arhopalus rusticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cerambycinae Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pyrfhidium sanguineum (Linnaeus, 1758) XVIIILamiinae Acanthocinus aedilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Acanthocinus griseus (Fabricius, 1792) Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795) CURCULIONIDAE Hylobius abietis (Linnaeus, 1758) Magdalis frontalis (Gyllenhal, 1827) Magdalis memnonia (Gyllenhal, 1837) Magdalis rufa (Germar, 1824) Pissodes notatus (Fabricius, 1787) SCOLYTIDAE Hylesininae Hylastes ater (Paykull, 1800) Hylastes attenuatus Erichson, 1836 Hylastes linearis Erichson, 1836 Hylurgops palliatus (Gyllenhal, 1813) Hylurgus micklitzi Wachtl, 1 88 1 Tomicus minor (Hartig, 1 834) Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus, 1758) Ipinae Crypturgus cinereus (Herbst, 1793) Crypturgus mediterraneus Eichhoff, 1 869 Crypturgus numidicus Ferrari, 1 867 Crypturgus pusillus (Gyllenhal, 1813) Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal, 1827) Ips mannsfeldi (Wachtl, 1 879) Ips sexdentatus (Boerner, 1767) Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston, 1857) Orthotomicus longicollis (Gyllenhal, 1827) Orthotomicus pinivora Schedl, 1961 Orthotomicus proximus (Eichhoff, 1867) Orthotomicus suturalis (Gyllenhal, 1 827) Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus, 1761) Pityokteines spinidens (Reitter, 1894) Pityokteines vorontzovi (Jacobson, 1 895) Pityophthorus micrographus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pityophthorus pityographus (Ratzeburg, 1836) Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsham, 1802) XIXLEPIDOPTERA TORTRICIDAE Ar chips xylosteanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cydia conicolana (Heylaerts, 1 874) Cydia strobilella (Linnaeus, 1758) Piniphila bifasciana (Haworth, 1811) Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1 775) GEOMETRIDAE Peribatodes secundaria (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) NOCTUIDAE Agrotis segetum (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758) PYRALIDAE Dioryctria abietella (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775) Dioryctria mendacella (Staudinger, 1859) Dioryctria sylvestrella (Ratzeburg, 1 840) THAUMETOPOEIDAE Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis and Schiffermüller; 1775) HYMENOPTERA DIPRIONIDAE Diprionpini (Linnaeus, 1758) Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy, 1785) SIRICIDAE Sir ex gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) Sirex noctilio (Fabricius, 1793) Distribution in the world and Turkey, host plants and morphology of the collected insect species have been investigated. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (L.) in the nursery all of the regions, Melolontha melolontha (L.), Hylobius abietis (L.), Tomicus minor (Htg.), Tomicus piniperda (L.), Ips sexdentatus (Boern.) and Diprion pini (L.) except South - East Anatolia in XXeverywhere, Pissodes notatus (F.) except West Anatolia and South - East Anatolia in everywhere, and Polyphylla fullo (L.), Orthotomicus erosus (Woll.), Rhyacionia buoliana (Den. & Schiff.), Thaumetopoea pityocarnpa (Den. & Schiff.) and Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffr.) except both East Anatolia and South - East Anatolia in everywhere, have been determined as the most important harmful insects living in the plantation areas of Istanbul. Anthaxia godeti Gory and Lap., Buprestis dalmatina Mann., Chalcophora mariana (L.), Ergates faber (L.), Dlnoptera collaris (L.), Acanthocinus aedilis (L.), A. griseus (F.), Hylobius abietis (L.), Hylastes ater (Payk.), Tomicus minor (Hrtg.), T. piniperda (L.), Crypturgus pusillus (Gyll.), Ips mannsfeldi (Wachtl), I. sexdentatus (Boern.), Orthotomicus pinivora Schedl and Pityophthorus micrographus (L.) have been added to the insect fauna of the Thrace Region by this study. Ernobius mollis (L.), Leptura aurelenta F., Monochamus galloprovincialis (Oliv.), Magdalis rufa (Germ.), Hylastes attenuatus Er., Hylurgus micklitzi Wachtl, Crypturgus numidicus Ferr., Orthotomicus suturalis (Gyll.), Pityogenes chalcographus (L.) and Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsh.) have been included to the insect fauna of the Marmara Region for the first time by this study. XXI