Bursa'ya özgü el dokusu havlu, peşkir ve peştemaller /
Yazar: NİHAL ÖZBAĞI
Danışman: PROF. DR. FİRDEVS KAYA
Gazi Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / El Sanatları Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 1991
Konu: El Sanatları = Crafts
Dizin: Bursa = Bursa ; El dokumacılığı = Hand weaving ; Havlu = Towel ; Peşkirler = Towels ; Peştemal = Waist cloth

Özet:
Where sizes of towels, napkins and waist - clothes are studied, it is observed that towels are grouped into two sizes as bath and hand towels while napkins and waist- clothes are of one size. Size of bath towels is 9D x 15D cm, hand towels 50 x 135 cm, napkins 5D x 135 cm, and waist-clothes 100 x 150 cm. Average weft density of Bursa Handwoven towels is 20 per cm, and warp density 22 per cm. Other weft and warp densities are respectively 20 and 21 per cm. In the case of waist - clothes and 19 cm. each in the case of napkins. Of the towels that have been studied, the newest ones are 30 to U0 years old and the oldest 90 to 100 years old. The newest napkin was woven kQ or 50 years ago, the oldest 110 or 120 years ago. Most of the waist - clothes are recent products while one is 90 or 100 years old and two, called "futa", date back to 120 or 140 years earlier. The weaving techniques used are fustian and loop in the case of handwoven towels, bezayağı in napkins, and fustian and jacquard in waist - clothes. Thirteen of the fourteen towels and twenty-two of the twent-nine napkins that were studied are hand - embroidered while there is no embroidery on the waist - clothes. In the embroidered towels the technique most frequently used is winding whereas in the napkins it is perforation. The towels and waist - clothes are trimmed with a fringe while napkins are without fringe. In fringe trimmed towels and waist - clothes, fringes are mostly twinsted - knotted - tied. A kind of hemming stitch is used in the case of napkins trimmed without fringe. All of the waist - clothes and kb % of the napkins286 contain compozitions formed by colour - fabric effect. 92 % the towels and 50 % of the napkins have striped composition in the weft direction. Compositions on the touiel embroidery have an uninter rupted sequence while those on the napkins have an inter rupted sequence. In both composition types there are arrange ments in the form of wide and narrow borders. Those towels which have compositions in trimmings, are mostly characterized by compositions formed by the repetition of one or more patterns. In the case of towel fabrics, patterns are generally geometrical and waist - clothes generally naturalistic. The towel and waist consists of floral design. clothe embroidery mostly The fabric of the towels, napkins and waist - clothes is made of cotton yarn and their embroidery is of silk thread. The jacquard hand loom operated by a firm, which was examined in the city of Bursa and on which handwoven towels, napkins and waist - clothes can be woven, is representative of the handwoven products of Bursa. On this loom, installed for economic and touristic purposes, products similar to those studied are woven.285 Where sizes of towels, napkins and waist - clothes are studied, it is observed that towels are grouped into two sizes as bath and hand towels while napkins and waist- clothes are of one size. Size of bath towels is 9D x 15D cm, hand towels 50 x 135 cm, napkins 5D x 135 cm, and waist-clothes 100 x 150 cm. Average weft density of Bursa Handwoven towels is 20 per cm, and warp density 22 per cm. Other weft and warp densities are respectively 20 and 21 per cm. In the case of waist - clothes and 19 cm. each in the case of napkins. Of the towels that have been studied, the newest ones are 30 to U0 years old and the oldest 90 to 100 years old. The newest napkin was woven kQ or 50 years ago, the oldest 110 or 120 years ago. Most of the waist - clothes are recent products while one is 90 or 100 years old and two, called "futa", date back to 120 or 140 years earlier. The weaving techniques used are fustian and loop in the case of handwoven towels, bezayağı in napkins, and fustian and jacquard in waist - clothes. Thirteen of the fourteen towels and twenty-two of the twent-nine napkins that were studied are hand - embroidered while there is no embroidery on the waist - clothes. In the embroidered towels the technique most frequently used is winding whereas in the napkins it is perforation. The towels and waist - clothes are trimmed with a fringe while napkins are without fringe. In fringe trimmed towels and waist - clothes, fringes are mostly twinsted - knotted - tied. A kind of hemming stitch is used in the case of napkins trimmed without fringe. All of the waist - clothes and kb % of the napkins

Abstract:
contain compozitions formed by colour - fabric effect. 92 % the towels and 50 % of the napkins have striped composition in the weft direction. Compositions on the touiel embroidery have an uninter rupted sequence while those on the napkins have an inter rupted sequence. In both composition types there are arrange ments in the form of wide and narrow borders. Those towels which have compositions in trimmings, are mostly characterized by compositions formed by the repetition of one or more patterns. In the case of towel fabrics, patterns are generally geometrical and waist - clothes generally naturalistic. The towel and waist consists of floral design. clothe embroidery mostly The fabric of the towels, napkins and waist - clothes is made of cotton yarn and their embroidery is of silk thread. The jacquard hand loom operated by a firm, which was examined in the city of Bursa and on which handwoven towels, napkins and waist - clothes can be woven, is representative of the handwoven products of Bursa. On this loom, installed for economic and touristic purposes, products similar to those studied are woven.285 Where sizes of towels, napkins and waist - clothes are studied, it is observed that towels are grouped into two sizes as bath and hand towels while napkins and waist- clothes are of one size. Size of bath towels is 9D x 15D cm, hand towels 50 x 135 cm, napkins 5D x 135 cm, and waist-clothes 100 x 150 cm. Average weft density of Bursa Handwoven towels is 20 per cm, and warp density 22 per cm. Other weft and warp densities are respectively 20 and 21 per cm. In the case of waist - clothes and 19 cm. each in the case of napkins. Of the towels that have been studied, the newest ones are 30 to U0 years old and the oldest 90 to 100 years old. The newest napkin was woven kQ or 50 years ago, the oldest 110 or 120 years ago. Most of the waist - clothes are recent products while one is 90 or 100 years old and two, called "futa", date back to 120 or 140 years earlier. The weaving techniques used are fustian and loop in the case of handwoven towels, bezayağı in napkins, and fustian and jacquard in waist - clothes. Thirteen of the fourteen towels and twenty-two of the twent-nine napkins that were studied are hand - embroidered while there is no embroidery on the waist - clothes. In the embroidered towels the technique most frequently used is winding whereas in the napkins it is perforation. The towels and waist - clothes are trimmed with a fringe while napkins are without fringe. In fringe trimmed towels and waist - clothes, fringes are mostly twinsted - knotted - tied. A kind of hemming stitch is used in the case of napkins trimmed without fringe. All of the waist - clothes and kb % of the napkins286 contain compozitions formed by colour - fabric effect. 92 % the towels and 50 % of the napkins have striped composition in the weft direction. Compositions on the touiel embroidery have an uninter rupted sequence while those on the napkins have an inter rupted sequence. In both composition types there are arrange ments in the form of wide and narrow borders. Those towels which have compositions in trimmings, are mostly characterized by compositions formed by the repetition of one or more patterns. In the case of towel fabrics, patterns are generally geometrical and waist - clothes generally naturalistic. The towel and waist consists of floral design. clothe embroidery mostly The fabric of the towels, napkins and waist - clothes is made of cotton yarn and their embroidery is of silk thread. The jacquard hand loom operated by a firm, which was examined in the city of Bursa and on which handwoven towels, napkins and waist - clothes can be woven, is representative of the handwoven products of Bursa. On this loom, installed for economic and touristic purposes, products similar to those studied are woven.