Yahudi dini literatüründe Yeremya Peygamber
Prophet Jeremiah in Jewish religious literature
Yazar: SELMA DOĞMAÇ
Danışman: DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ TOLGA SAVAŞ ALTINEL
İbn Haldun Üniversitesi / Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü / Din Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı / Dinler Tarihi Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2023
Konu: Din = Religion

Özet:
Yeremya, "Yirmiyahu-ירמיהו" M.Ö. 640-570 tarihleri arasında yaşamış olduğu düşünülen ve Tanah'ta kendisine atfedilen Yeremya Kitabı ile bilinen bir peygamberdir. Politeist din algısından tekrar Yahudi monoteizmine geçme ve tek Tanrı inancını yeniden hâkim bir inanç unsuru haline getirme çabaları ile Yahudilik tarihinde önemli peygamberlerden biri olmuştur. Radikal dini reformlar gerçekleştiren Kral Yoşiya'nın (ö. M.Ö. 609) dini reformları ile bağlantısı olabileceği düşünülen Yeremya, M.Ö. 586 yılında son safhası gerçekleşen Babil Sürgünü'ne tanıklık etmiş ve "sürgün peygamberi" olarak Yahudilik tarihinde önemli bir yer edinmiştir. O, Yeremya Kitabı başta olmak üzere Ağıtlar Kitabı ve Yeremya'nın Mektubu isimli eserlerin yazarı olarak adres gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca Yeremya, Hristiyan dini literatüründe kendi kitabına başvurulan bir isim olmuş ve aynı zamanda İslamî literatürde tefsir, makalat (reddiye literatürü), tarih ve peygamberler tarihi türü eserlerde bir İslam peygamberi olarak nitelendirilmiştir. İslami kaynaklarda Yeremya, İrmiya bin Hilkiya şeklinde isimlendirilmiş ve Yahudi kaynaklarında anlatılan Yeremya ile pek çok açıdan benzer özelliklere sahip biri olarak tasvir edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Yeremya'yı Yahudilik tarihinde ele almayı ve ona atfedilen eserlerin kritik bir analizini içermekte ve Hristiyanlık ve İslam kaynakları üzerinde Yeremya'nın ve kendisi ile ilgili literatürün etkilerini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yahudilik, Peygamberlik, Peygamber Yeremya, İrmiya, Yeremya Kitabı.

Abstract:
Jeremiah "Yirmiyahu-ירמיהו" was a Biblical prophet have lived between 640-570 BC and he is known for the Book of Jeremiah attributed to him in Tanakh. He is one of the most important prophets in the history of Judaism with his efforts to switch polytheist perception to Jewish monotheism and prophesized to make the belief in the only God Yahweh. Many scholars described Jeremiah as an important figure who was involved in the religious reforms of King Josiah (d. 609 BC). Additionally, he was considered as a very significant witness of the Babylonian Exile, which took place in its final phase in 586 BC and he was named the "prophet of exile". Jeremiah was regarded as the author of the Book of Jeremiah and the Lamentations and Epistle of Jeremiah. In addition, Jeremiah has been a name referenced for his book in Christian religious literature and this made him an inspired prophet by authors of Christian literature. He was also regarded as a prophet in Islamic literature, and his effects can be seen in the categories of Islamic literature such as tafsir, makalat (Islamic polemical literature), history of the prophets, and history books. Jeremiah in Islamic sources was named Irmiya bin Hilkiya and was described as having similar characteristics to Jeremiah in Jewish sources in many aspects. This study aims to examine Jeremiah in Judaism, and it covers a critical analysis of the books that are attributed to him. Additionally, this study aims to examine the effects of Jeremiah and the Jewish literature about him on Christian and Islamic sources.

Keywords:, Judaism, Prophecy, Prophet Jeremiah, Irmiya, Book of Jeremiah.