Anayasa şikayeti
Constitutional complaint
Yazar: ECE GÖZTEPE
Danışman: PROF. DR. TUNÇER KARAMUSTAFAOĞLU
Ankara Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Kamu Hukuku Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 1996
Konu: Hukuk = Law
Dizin: Anayasa yargısı = Constitutional justice ; Hakların korunması = Protection of rights ; Hukuki sorumluluk = Legal responsibility ; Kamu hukuku = Public law ; Temel haklar = Fundamental rights ; Şikayet = Complaint

Özet:
İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Avrupa'da geniş kabul gören anayasa yargısı, tarihsel olarak, öncelikle hukuk düzeninin anayasal olarak korunmasını amaçlar. Anayasa yargısı yoluyla, yasama organının işlemlerinin anayasaya uygunluğu denetlenmekte ve böylelikle hukuk düzeni korunmaktadır. Yargı işlevinin bir diğer boyutu olan hukuki koruma ise genellikle anayasa yargısının kapsamı dışında bırakılmaktadır. Anayasa şikayeti kurumu, anayasa yargısının bu eksik boyutunu tamamlayan en önemli kurumdur. Bu yolla bireyler, temel hak ve özgürlüklerini ihlal eden kamu gücü (yasama, yürütme ve yargı) işlemlerine karşı, kanun yollarını tükettikten sonra Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bizzat başvurma hakkına sahip kılınmaktadırlar. Anayasa şikayeti kişilere, temel hak ve özgürlüklerini bizzat koruma olanağı sağlamasının yanında, objektif hukuk düzeninin korunması amacına da hizmet etmektedir. Buna ek olarak, bu hak sayesinde anayasada düzenlenmiş olan temel hak ve özgürlükler somutlaştırılarak yaşama geçirilmektedir. Anayasa şikayeti hakkının Türkiye'de kabul edilmesi, Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin yetkilerinin bir anayasa değişikliğiyle genişletilmesiyle sağlanabilir. Eğer Mahkeme'ye bu tür bir yetki verilirse, Türk Anayasası'ndaki temel hak ve özgürlükler de anayasa yargısının dolaylı değil, doğrudan koruması altına gireceklerdir.

Abstract:
This thesis which is titled as "Constitutional Complaint", was prepared in relation to partial fulfillment of Master of Law programm and submitted to the Institute of Social Sciences of University of Ankara. The thesis is composed of three main parts, analysing the theoretical conditions of the concept of constitutional complaint within the boundaries of constitutional jurisdiction. The first part of the thesis explicates the concept of constitutional complaint. The second part is mainly related to the description of the procedural and practical aspects of the constitutional complaint with respect to the German case that has been the most enduring and successful case until yet. The third part of the study has been written somewhat in an essay character in which it has been aimed to display the conditions of applicability of the constitutional complaint for the Turkish constitution. The constitutional jurisdiction, which has been highly acclaimed in Europe especially after the Second World War, historically, aims to protection of the order of the law on the basis of the constitution. Actions of the legislative body is controlled by the constitutional jurisdiction in terms of whether those actions are just or not to the constitution, and thus, the order of the law is protected. Judicial protection which is another aspect of the judiciary function, is usually regarded as beyond the boundaries of the constitutional jurisdiction. The institution of constitutional complaint is the most important institutional arrangement, which provides a legitimate foundation for the constitutional jurisdiction, to which otherwise would still be regarded as incomplete. Only together with the institution of constitutional complaint, citizens themselves have got the right to apply to the Constitutional Court against to the actions of the public authority (legislation, administration, judiciary) that have injured their fundamental rights and freedoms, just after they have completed their means to go to law. Besides of those functions that are providing the citizens themselves to protect their fundamental rights and freedoms, the constitutional complaint also serves to the purpose of the protection of objective order of the law. In addition to this, the fundamental rights and freedoms that are defined in the constitution abstractly, only on the basis of this right, can be evaluated in concrete terms and cases. The conditions of applicability of the right to constitutional complaint in Turkey, is depend upon the change in the constitution, which should be based upon the enlargement of competence of the Constitutional Court. If the competence of the Constitutional Court is enlarged upon these premises, the fundamental rights and freedoms that have been defined in Turkish Constitution will be protected by the constitutional jurisdiction not merely covertly as usual but on the contrary directly.