Şuara süresinde medeniyete dayalı değerler
Civilizational values in surat (Shuara)
Yazar: ABDULHAKIM RASHID NABI
Danışman: PROF. ÖMER PAKİŞ
Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü / Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı / Tefsir Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2016
Konu: Din = Religion
Dizin: Değerler = Values ; Kur'an-ı Kerim = Koran ; Medeniyet = Civilization ; İslamiyet = Islam ; Şuara suresi = Shuara sura

Özet:
Tarihten günümüze kadar insanın bulunduğu her yerde farklılıklar arz etmekle beraber medenileşme hareketinin görüldüğü bilinen bir gerçektir. Zira toplu yaşayışın doğurduğu medeni ilerlemeler, insanın yeryüzünde var olduğu günden beri devam edegelmektedir. İslam Medeniyeti ise İslam dinini kabul eden milletlerin el birliği ile meydana getirdikleri ortak bir medeniyetin adıdır. Bununla beraber bu medeniyetin kuruluş ve gelişmesinde başka milletlerin de hasbel kader payı olduğunu da unutmamak lazım.Biz de "Şuara Suresinde Medeniyete Dayalı Değerler" başlığıyla ele aldığımız tezimizde genel olarak kîmet/değer ve tanımı, hadâra/medeniyet ve tanımı, modern çalışmalarda hadâra mefhumu ve çerçevesi, İslam medeniyeti ve tarihsel serüveni, şuara süresi ve içerdiği medeni değerler, şuara süresinin bir önceki ve bir sonraki sureyle olan bağlantısı, medeniyetlerin gelişimi ve çöküşü ardındaki nedenler ve bunun şuara suresindeki ifade ediliş tarzı,çöküşü beraberinde getiren nedenler, kalkınma ve gelişimi gerektiren nedenler, medeniyetler arasındaki diyalog ve mahiyeti ve İslam medeniyetinin diğer medeniyetler üzerine olan etkisi şeklinde söz konusu sure kapsamı dâhilinde çok önemli tespitlerde bulunmaya çalıştık.
Ayrıca araştırmamız sure içerisinde başlıca Tevhit, Allah'ı birleme, peygamber¬lik ve öldükten sonra dirilme gibi, dinin esasların yer aldığı, Müşriklerin, Kur'an karşısındaki tutumlarını, Allah'ın c.c, insanlığın hidâyeti için göndermiş olduğu değerli peygamberlerden bir grubu, önce Musa'nın a.s. zorba ve azgın Firavun ile olan kıssasını, yüce Allah hakkında, bu ikisi ara¬sında geçen konuşma ve münakaşayı, Allah'ın (c.c.) Musa'yı (a.s.) des¬teklemek için ortaya koyduğu batılın
belini kıran delilleri ve iman ile taşkınlık arasındaki korkunç farktan alınacak öğüt ve ibretleri açıklayarak sona erdiğini belirterek peygamberlerin kendi halkları karşısındaki tutumlarını ve davranışlarını ayrıca bireylerin de bu konuda üzerlerine düşeni yapma hususunda çaba sarf etmelerini anlatarak toplumda oluşması gereken insani, ahlaki ve medeni değerlerin varlığına gerek doğrudan gerekse dolaylı olarak değindiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Abstract:
The entitled study (The Civilized Values in Surat Al-Sho'rah) aims at clarifying what we can find in the Quran especially in Surat Al-Sho'rah high values which are strong basis that could leads to advanced civilization. This has been investigated and proved by verses from Quran as indicators of the topic of the study. 
This research studies the concept of values and civilization. It shows the concept of value linguistically and idiomatically and how the meanings of values differ in language and terminology among scholars, thinkers and sociologist. The study deals with civility in language and terminology. Then the study gives an idea of Surat Al-Sho'rah and its most important topics like its name, number of verses and its occasion and whether the Surat is a MaccaSurat or Medina Surate and the cause of descent. The study also refers to Islamic civilization in its flourishing periods and its reasons. Then the researcher started to tackle the main points of the study, where the civilized values are clarified which mentioned in Surat Al-Sho'rah. Social and religious are the main of that values. Then it has been mentioned how the deep friendly the bond should be between preacher and his people to be an acceptable preacher when calling them. He should be faithful to Islam religion in his calling. It has been mentioned in these values how a believer will feel sadwhen some people don't believe in God because at the end the fate of all of us will be with God and He will judge us on ouractions in the judgment day. The researcher also talked about the bad companions and how they put themselves away from the responsibility in the judgment day and this is useless. It has also been mentioned how we should call to Islam and deal with people in humanitarian way and the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice. Scientific values have been mentioned as one of a column of civilized education in society. To have a scientific debate and listen to the other people's points of view even if you do not agree with their ideas, not understating their personal views, the community will prosper and grow. It has been stated that science and work are related and side by side complementing one another. Administrative and political values has also been tackled with and stated that the administrative values must be far away from partisanship and favoritism in order to develop and advance the community forward and one must tell the truth, even on himself, his family and his tribe if they are wrong as Ibrahim peace be upon him did against his father and his family and showed their sin in not worshiping God. The preacher should not ask for the reward from people, but demands it from God only. Also it is stated that people should be dealt with equally without distinguishing between colors, races because there is no difference between Arab and non-Arab except by piety. Regarding the economic values, it is mentioned that if they have been exploited correctly would increase the wealth and money through production, marketing and consumption. and wasteful is outcast and ugly, whether economically or morally.
Finally, the study discussed the reasons of rising and falling of civilization and stated that lying is the most important reasons for the fall of civilizations and it is a hated quality by most people. It is a blight that destroys society. It has been mentioned that doing sins publicly is the reason for the destruction of nations, people and civilizations. Political disobedience is reason for the destruction of people. The researcher refers to the story of the prophet Salih peace be upon him and how he ordered his people to obedience, but they refused, and disobedient him so God annihilated them. Fascination by civilization is also another topic raised by the researcher which is unfavorable in Islambecause it is a reason for the falling of civilization such as Thamoud civilization were the people impressed by the sculpting homes in the mountains, but this did not benefit them. Factors of growing civilization have been mentioned like honesty, loyalty and brotherhood. If the society holds these qualities they will develop the society forward and elevated toward prosperity. What is the relationship between civilization and from what it is made up and how two different civilizations live in the same time and place in peace? The influence of Islamic civilization on the other civilization has also been reported and how the other civilizations took benefit from Islamic civilization and many Western scientists were coming to the Islamic countries in order to learn from them and go to their home countries in order to work out. Western took the science of medicine, chemistry; astronomy from the Muslims. Many western scientists hailed the Islamic scientists and Islamic civilization and this is best evidence and the best testimony of the power of the Islamic civilization, where your opponents have tribute on your excellence.
The results of the study revealed that Islam is a strong and solid foundation for creating a civilized community characterized by good citizenship, welfare and peaceful progress. The results also indicated that Surat Al-Sho'rah includes a lot of civilized values and principles. 
The study showed that the Muslims have already arrived at finest conditions of civilization and Urbanism by their commitment to the values of the Islamic religion, and these civilized values include all aspects of life.
The study have recommended the researchers to interpret the Quran objectively analytically based on the nature of contemporary life, and to compared the current reality with reasons for the descent of the Surat verses, and to reach some provisions applicable to the facts, incidents and developments in which we live.
Contemporary science should be derived from Quran, which lays in it a lot of foundations, and principles that enrich us to resort to the foundations that do not fit with our society and the principles of our religion.
This study recommends researchers to care about personal ethics and self-control, and recommends those who are working on curriculum to include a subject about work ethics in the education curriculum so as our children grow up on these principles.