Kahramanmaraş depremlerinde görevlendirilen İstanbul Avrupa yakası 112 acil ambulans çalışanlarının travma sonrası stres bozukluğunun değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of post-traumatic stress disorder of 112 emergency ambulance workers on the European side of Istanbul, who were assigned to the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes
Yazar: ZEYNEP FATMA İNALKAÇ
Danışman: DOÇ. DR. BAHADIR TAŞLIDERE
Bezm-i Alem Vakıf Üniversitesi / Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Afet Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı / Afet Yönetimi Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2024
Konu: İlk ve Acil Yardım = Emergency and First Aid

Özet:
Travma, kişinin zihinsel ve fiziksel varlığını tehdit eden, normal yaşam akışını ve işlevselliğini bozan, korku 
ve çaresizlik gibi duygulara neden olan her çeşit olay için kullanılan bir kavramdır.Psikolojik travma ise, ölüm 
veya ölüm tehdidi, ciddi yaralanma veya fiziksel bütünlüğe yönelik diğer tehditleri yaşama, tanık olma veya 
bunlara maruz kalma ve kişinin bu olaylardan aşırı derecede korkması, çaresizliği ve korkusu olarak tanımlanabilir. 
Deprem, kasırga ve sel gibi doğal afetlerin yanında trafik kazaları, intihar, saldırı, hastalanma, iflas, bir 
yakınını kaybetme, tutuklanma, tecavüz ve terör saldırıları gibi çeşitli olayların travmatik olaylar olduğu 
görülmektedir.TSSB(Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu) travmatik olaylardan sonra en fazla çalışılan ve sık görülen 
psikiyatrik bozukluklardan biridir. Travma sonrası yaşanan psikiyatrik bozukluklar konusunda yapılmış 
araştırmalar, TSSB'nin ortaya çıkan tek ve bağımsız bozukluk olmadığını, sıklıkla depresyon ile birlikte ortaya 
çıktığını göstermiştir (Briere ve Scott, 2016). 
112 acil ambulans personelleri yaptıkları işin gereği olarak pek çok travmatik olayla karşılaşmaktadırlar. 
Dolayısıyla bu personellerin ruhsal durumları incelenmesi ve rehabilite edilmesi gereken bir durumdur. Bunun da 
tespit edilmesi ve sorunun ortaya net bir şekilde konulabilmesi önemlidir. Bu yönüyle çalışmanın amacı 112 acil 
ambulans personellerinin TSSB( Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğunun) değerlendirilmesi ve buna yönelik 
çalışmaların yapılmasına destek olmaktır.

Abstract:
Throughout history, disasters have always occurred and will continue to occur. One of the natural disasters experienced by humanity is earthquakes. In addition to material destruction, earthquakes can also cause psychological destruction that can last a lifetime. Since our country is in an earthquake zone, large and destructive earthquakes can occur from time to time. The most recent earthquake centered in Kahramanmaraş is one of them. After the earthquake, a mobilization was organized all over the country and people from all over Turkey and even abroad went to the region for help. 112 emergency ambulance personnel from the European side of Istanbul were assigned and sent to the region to help people who were injured under the rubble in the earthquake. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the posttraumatic stress disorder of 112 emergency ambulance personnel from the European side of Istanbul who were assigned in Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. The data of this study were collected with the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale and analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program. As a result of the analyses, significant differences were found in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms according to various demographic and occupational variables. According to the gender variable, it was observed that women had higher scores in all sub-dimensions and general PTSD symptoms compared to men, thus women experienced more intense emotional and cognitive effects after trauma. According to the age variable, significant differences were found only in the Hyperarousal sub-dimension; it was found that the 46 years and older group exhibited lower levels of hyperarousal symptoms compared to the 36-45 and 31-35 age groups. According to marital status, it was found that single participants had higher scores than married participants in the Re-experiencing, Avoidance, Negative Changes in Affect and Cognitions sub-dimensions and general PTSD symptoms. In the analyses conducted according to occupational variables, it was found that nurses experienced higher levels of PTSD symptoms compared to other occupational groups, while health officers exhibited lower levels of symptoms. In terms of educational level, it was found that master's degree graduates experienced higher levels of avoidance, affective and cognitive disorders compared to undergraduate and high school graduates. In terms of professional seniority, it was observed that those with 1-3 years and 4-6 years of seniority experienced lower levels of PTSD symptoms compared to those with less than 1 year and 7 years or more of seniority. Finally, it was observed that factors such as experiencing a disaster, being on duty or losing a relative did not make a significant difference in PTSD symptoms