Adana Kozan'da Gökçelik Konağı'nın restorasyon projesi
Restoration of Gökçelik Mansion in Kozan, Adana
Yazar: SEÇİL BOGA
Danışman: YRD. DOÇ. DR. GÜLSÜN TANYELİ
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı / Rölöve-Restorasyon Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2012
Konu: Mimarlık = Architecture
Dizin: Adana-Kozan = Adana-Kozan ; Ahşap yapılar = Wood structures ; Geleneksel konut mimarisi = Traditional house architecture ; Kagir binalar = Masonry buildings ; Kültür varlıkları = Cultural properties

Özet:
Adana ili, Kozan ilçesi Hacıuşağı mahallesi, 198 ada 3 parselde bulunan Gökçelik Konağı'nın belgelenebilen en eski sahibi Kozan Tapu Sicil Müdürlüğü'ne göre konağı 1929 yılında satın alan Rüştü Gökçelik' tir. Kozan Tapu Sicil Müdürlüğü'nde çıkan yangında bazı evrakların kaybolduğu bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle yapının 1923 yılından daha eski bir tarihte yapıldığı bilinmekle beraber mimarı veya ilk sahibi ile ilgili bir bilgiye ulaşılamamıştır. Ancak yöre halkı, tarihçi Abdurrahman Kütük ve Rüştü Gökçelik' in çocuklarından Güney Gökçelik ile yapılan görüşmelerde konağın Rüştü bey tarafından satın alınmadan önce bölgenin Fransız işgali altında olduğu dönemde okul olarak kullanıldığı bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Yapı Rüştü Gökçelik' in ölümünden sonra kullanılmamış ve bu sebeple de bakımsız kalmış ve ahşap elemanlar büyük oranda yıkılmış ve kaybolmuştur. Yapı 4 Ocak 2011 yılından hibe yoluyla Adana İl Özel İdaresi'ne devredilmiştir. Konak, Adana Kültür ve Tabiat Varlıklarını Koruma Kurulu'nun 12.04.1991 tarih ve 845 sayılı kararı ile belirlenen kentsel sit alanı içinde bulunmamaktadır. Ancak, aynı kurulun, 19/11/1993 tarih 1611 sayılı kararı ile de ?taşınmaz kültür varlığı? olarak kabul edilmiştir. Yerinde rölöve çalışmaları tamamlandıktan sonra yapının yok olmuş kısımları eski fotoğraflardan ve benzer örneklerde tipoloji çalışmaları yapılarak restitüsyon projesi hazırlanmıştır. Tarihte zengin bir yapı stoğuna sahip olduğu anlaşılan Kozan ilçesinde günümüzde çok az örnek kalmıştır. Ayakta durabilen bu ender yapılardan biri olması nedeniyle Gökçelik Konağı'nın daha fazla zarar görmeden önce korunabilmesi için uygun yeniden kullanım önerisi içeren restorasyon projesinin hazırlanmasıyla, bu sivil mimarlık örneğinin gelecek nesillere aktarılması bu tezin hedefidir.

Abstract:
According to the Kozan Land Registry, Rüstü Gökcelik, who bought the Gökcelik Mansion in 1929, is the oldest documented owner of Gökcelik Mansion, situated in Haciusagi district, Kozan, Adana with the block number 198 and plot number 3. It is a common knowledge that some documents have been destroyed or disappeared during the fire in Kozan Land Registry. Consequently, although we know that the mansion house was built already before 1923, it was not possible to reach to sufficient information regarding the architect or the first owner of the building. However according to the interviews with the local people, historian Abdurrahman Kütük and Güney Gökcelik, one of the children of Rüstü Gökcelik, we have been informed that the building was used as a school during the period when the region was under French occupancy. After the death of Rüstü Gökcelik, the building was not used for any further purposes. Therefore it has not been renovated and the wooden elements of the buildings have been to a large extent destructed. The building has been donated to Adana Special Provincial Administration on 4 January 2011. The mansion house is outside the scope of urban protected area which is defined with the decision no. 845 of 12.04.1991 by Adana Board on the Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage. The mansion house was also definedas ?immovable cultural heritage? with the decision no. 1611 of 19.11.1993 by the same board.This thesis aims to present the preparation of a survey of the mansion and continue with restitution project which is complited with the support of typological analysis on the basis of old photographs of the building and similar examples of these kinds of buildings. Although Kozan can be considered as a rich source with regards to such buildings, only very of these examples have survived until today. Kozan, is situated on the historical caravan route which combines Central Anatolia to Syria. And this route ends with Ayas port, therefore Kozan region had been preferred by many civilizations through time. Gökçelik mansion is built on a rectangular scheme with masonry walls on ground level. Upper levels are constructed with wooden carcass system. The building is situated on northeast-southwest direction. The mansion has a large garden on southwest direction in its vast plot. This garden consists of two levels. The mansion has experienced much degradation over the years which caused loss of original space and elements. In order for a conduct of an in-dept renovation, these degradations should be investigated and well researched. If such investigation is not made, the renovation may not be profound and long lasting. Accordingly the same degradations may surface again. Wooden elements of the mansion were left unattended to the exterior factors, such as rain, humidity, biological elements. In addition to that, mistakes which were made during structural system design accelerated the decay of the mansion. The non-repairment of the areas where the plaster coating is damaged resulted into loss of resistance in the load-bearing elements. With the time passing the defections in the building and in the remaining construction elements are increasing. Since the building has not been good taken care of for a long period of time, the defected elements were ruined as the other materials which protect them from exterior factors have also disappeared. The wrecked-down roof which is made of earth also resulted into loss of materials on the ballast stone walls which surround the roof. With the wreck-down of the earth roof, the areas beneath the roof were also exposed to exterior factors. In time, the resistance of the wooden framework of the building and the flooring has decreased at the result of decay caused by the effects of the water and eventually collapsed. There are also damages to the plaster coating on the wooden framework walls. During the preparation of the reassembly plan of the buildung, Güney Gökçelik, one of the children of the owner of the house and Abdurrahman Kütük, historian were consulted. The old photos of and the marks on the building were also examined at this stage. The currently non-existing details of the buildung were prepared as a result of a typological research in the village and the information gathereed from interviews with the villagers. It was determined that the documented oldest owner of the building were Rüştü Gökçelik and his wife Aynihayat Gökçelik according to the land registry from 1929. After this date, the bu,ldung was used for residential purposes. According to Güney Gökçelik, the son of Rüştü Gökçelik and historian Abdurrahman Kütük, the buildung was used as an elementsry school at the time of the French occupancy, yet this information is not documented. It is observed that the building has experienced many areal changes within these periods. In its original version, the building did not include wet areas. However with the changing life standards a part of the building was transformed into a wet area. Most part of the building, in which no one has resided for a long time, collapsed as a result of lack of care. Today, the building faces the danger to collapse completely. The disappearance of the wooden flooring and load-bearing pillars caused structural problems. In this building where no one has lived through the last twenty years, there were also excavations of treasure hunters on different periods. The water wells, ground floor floorings and walls were damaged to a great extent at the result of such excavations. Since there were not great changes in the plan diagram and function of the building, the reassembly plan was handled as one single period. In light of all this information, the main aim and objective of this thesis is the preparation of the restoration project which includes a new usage proposal in order to protect Gökcelik Mansion. The restoration proposals which are prepared without the consideration of the regional needs and the specifics of the building may result to the abandoning of the buildings or damages to the buildings because of non-convenient use. Accordingly, prior to the new function decision for the Gökçelik Mansion, the needs of the region were researched. Kozan, considering the historical value of the surrounding areas, is on the route where tourists may travel through. However, according to the information from the mayor of Kozan, Kazım Özgan, the tourists do not choose to accommodate in Kozan because of lack of hotels and pensions. The tourists prefer to find accommodation in the surrounding villages without making a stop in Kozan. In order to overcome this problem, the new function of the building was determined as to be converted to a hostel, also considering its specifics in the restoration project. Since the building also includes a big garden, it was also proposed within the restoration project that this garden shall also be reorganized as to serve to the guests. Considering the current family structure and the changes in the social equilibrium of the country, it was thought that the buildung can no longer be used as a residential area. In order for the repairs to be long-term, the buildung is required to be in use and shall be continuously taken care of. This is the reason for proposal in the restoration project for the buildung to be used as a hostel. The requirements for the new functional use of the buildung shall also be included without damaging the originality of the building. These requirements will be supplemented with the modern plumming solutions convenient for the present conditions. In order for these supplements not to damage the building in the long run, all the proposed interventions, with the use of the details proposed in the restoration project, shall be applied by expert architects and engineers.