Simental X güney Anadolu kırmızısı F1, G1 ve F1XG1 genotiplerinde verim özellikleri
Production traits of simmental X south Anatolian red F1, G1 and F1XG1 genotypes
Yazar: SERDAR KOÇAK
Danışman: PROF. DR. CEYHAN ÖZBEYAZ
Ankara Üniversitesi / Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Zootekni Ana Bilim Dalı
Derece: Doktora, 2005
Konu: Veteriner Hekimliği = Veterinary Medicine

Özet:
ÖZET Simental X Güney Anadolu Kırmızısı Fİ5 G^ ve F1xG1 Genotiplerinde Verim Özellikleri Bu çalışma Ceylanpınar Tarım işletmesi' nde bulunan Güney Anadolu Kırmızısı (GAK), Simental x GAK Melezi Fi, Gı ve Fi x Gı genotiplerinde döl ve süt verimi, buzağılarda büyüme, vücut ölçüleri, hastalık insidansı ve yaşama gücünü belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. GAK, Simental x GAK Melezi Fi, Gı ve Fi x Gı genotiplerinde sırasıyla; ilk tohumlama yaşı;596,61; 570,03; 584,84 ve 565,45 gün; ilk buzağılama yaşı 888,21; 853,76; 852,89 ve 851,31 gün; servis periyodu 161,25; 123,62; 105,14 ve 93,69 gün; gebelik başına tohumlama sayısı 1,56; 1,53; 1,51 ve 1,25; buzağılama aralığı 448,37; 404,05; 394,35 ve 376,94 gün; gebelik oranı % 83,3; 91,8; 92,5 ve 95,5; buzağılama oranı % 82,4; 89,9; 90,2 ve 95,5; ikiz doğum oranı % 0,4; 1,2; 7,1 ve 4,6' dır. Servis periyodu, buzağılama aralığı, gebelik oranı, buzağılama oranı ve ikiz doğum oranları bakımından genotipler arası farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli (P<0,01; P<0,001) bulunmuştur. GAK, Simental x GAK Melezi Fi, Gı ve Fi x Gı genotiplerinde sırasıyla gerçek süt verimi 1360,27; 2066,58; 1984,11 ve 1704,91 kg; düzeltilmiş süt verimi 1490,52; 2437,24; 2557,89 ve 2159,27 kg; laktasyon süresi 198,35; 261,90; 270,11 ve 242,83 gün; kuru dönem 201,23; 137,29; 131,08 ve 113,23 gün olarak tespit edilmiştir. Süt verim özellikleri bakımından genotipler arası farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli (P<0,001) bulunmuştur. Doğum ağırlığı bakımından genotipler arası farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli (P<0,001) bulunmuştur. Erkek ve dişi buzağılarda en düşük doğum 78age (90 days); 27,71; 0,00; 26,32 and 41,18 % in male, 28,74; 0,00; 32,69 and 35,19 % in female, respectively. In this study, differences among genotypes for determined livabilty values on the 30., 60., 90., 180. ve 360. days were found statistically significant (P<0,01). SAR, F-i, Bi and FixBi genotypes at weaning age (90 days) livabilty rates were determined determined; 77,11; 100,00; 89,47 and 95,10 % in male, 85,06; 100,00; 90,38 and 94,32 in female, respectively. As a result of, reproductive and milk yield traits with growth, incidence of disease and livability rate of crossbred genotypes were better than SAR breed. It is advised that corssbred genotype is better than South Anatolian Red for fattening because because growth performance had got higher than South Anatolian Red. Key words: Simmental, South Anatolian Red, crosbreeding, milk yield, fertility, growth, incidence of disease, livability. 81

Abstract:
SUMMARY Production Traits of Simmental x South Anatolian Red F1g B1 and FiXBi Genotypes This study was carried out at Ceylanpinar State Farm. It' s aimed that to determine in study reproductive and milk yiel traits, birth weight, growth traits, incidence of disease and livability rates between 1994-2003 years. In this research SAR, F-ı, B-t and FixBi genotypes; first conception ages; 596,61; 570,03; 584,84 and 565,45 days, first calving ages; 888,21; 853,76; 852,89 and 851,31 days, service period; 161,25; 123,62; 105,14 and 93,69 days, the number of insemination per conception; 1,56; 1,53; 1,51 and 1,25, calving interval; 448,37; 404,05; 394,35 and 376,94 days, conception rate; 83,3; 91,8; 92,5 and 95,5 %, calving rate; 82,4; 89,9; 90,2 and 95,5 %, twinning rate was determined; 0,4; 1,2; 7,1 and 4,6 %, respectively. The differences among genotypes for service period, calving interval, conception rate, calving rate and twinning rate were found statistically significant (P<0,01;P<0,001). in SAR, F-ı, Bi and FixBi genotypes were found actual milk yield; 1360,27; 2066,58; 1984,11 and 1704,91 kg, corrected milk yield; 1490,52; 2437,24; 2557,89 and 2159,27 kg, lactation length; 198,35; 261,90; 270,11 and 242,83 days, dry period; 201,23; 137,29; 131,08 ve 113,23 days, respectively. The differences among genotypes for actual milk yield, corrected milk yield, lactation length and dry period were found statistically significant (P<0,001), crossbred genotypes value were higher than SAR. The differences among genotypes for 0-90 and 0-360 days incidence of disease were found statistically significant (P<0,001). SAR, F-ı, Bi and FixBi genotypes days incidence of disease was determined until weaning 80age (90 days); 27,71; 0,00; 26,32 and 41,18 % in male, 28,74; 0,00; 32,69 and 35,19 % in female, respectively. In this study, differences among genotypes for determined livabilty values on the 30., 60., 90., 180. ve 360. days were found statistically significant (P<0,01). SAR, F-i, Bi and FixBi genotypes at weaning age (90 days) livabilty rates were determined determined; 77,11; 100,00; 89,47 and 95,10 % in male, 85,06; 100,00; 90,38 and 94,32 in female, respectively. As a result of, reproductive and milk yield traits with growth, incidence of disease and livability rate of crossbred genotypes were better than SAR breed. It is advised that corssbred genotype is better than South Anatolian Red for fattening because because growth performance had got higher than South Anatolian Red. Key words: Simmental, South Anatolian Red, crosbreeding, milk yield, fertility, growth, incidence of disease, livability. 81