Kütahya ilinde kırsal ve kentsel bölgede yaşayan ebeveynlerin çocukluk çağı aşılarına yönelik tutumları
Attitudes of parents living in rural and urban areas of Kütahya province towards childhood vaccines
Yazar: BUŞRA ARIK
Danışman: DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ NALAN BOSTAN AKMEŞE
Kütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi / Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü / Hemşirelik Ana Bilim Dalı / Hemşirelik Bilim Dalı
Derece: Yüksek Lisans, 2022
Konu: Halk Sağlığı = Public Health
Dizin: Ana-baba = Parents ; Aşı reddi = Vaccination refusal ; Aşı tereddüdü = Vaccine hesitation ; Aşılama = Vaccination ; Aşılar = Vaccines ; Kentsel alanlar = Urban areas ; Kütahya = Kütahya ; Kırsal bölge = Rural region ; Tutumlar = Attitudes ; Çocukluk dönemi = Childhood

Özet:
<;ah~manm amac1 Kiltahya ilinde krrsal ve kentsel
bolgede ya~ayan ebeveynlerin saghk inarn;: modeli kullamlarak 9ocukluk 9ag1 a~ilarma
yonelik tutumlannm ara~tmlmas1drr. <;ah~ma kaqila~trrmah tammlay1c1 tiptedir.
<;ah~ma Kiltahya ili merkez il9esindeki Fatih ASM ve Altmta~ il9esi Sevdigin
koyilnde bulunan saghk evinde Haziran-Eylill 2021 tarihlerinde ebeveynler ile yiiz
yilze goril~illerek yap1lm1~trr. Kentsel bolgeden (Fatih ASM) 153, krrsal bolgeden
(saghk evi) 101 olmak ilzere toplam 254 ebeveyn katilm1~trr. <;ah~mada veri toplama
arac1 olarak ara~trrmac1lar tarafmdan hazrrlanan tammlay1c1 anket formu ve ~1yla
ilgili Toplum Tutumu-Saghk inan9 Modeli Ol9egi kullamlm1~trr. Verilerin analizinde
tammlay1c1 istatistikler, Spearman korelasyon analizi, Kmskal Wallis testi, Mann
Whitney u testi kullamlm1~trr. <;ah~maya kahlan ebeveynlerin ya~ ortalamas1
34,83±9,14 bulunmu~tur. Krrsalda ya~ayan ebeveynlerin %67,3'ii ' a~1 uygulamasmm
yasal zomnluluk olmas1 ve dogan her bebek/9ocuga zorunlu olarak a~1 yapilmas1
gerektigini' ifade ederken kentsel bolgede ya~ayan ebeveynlerin %50,3 'ii ' a~1
yaptrrma karannm anne/babaya ait olmas1 gerektigini ve anne/baba izin vermiyorsa
a~mm yapilmamas1 gerektigini ifade etmi~lerdir. <;ocukluk 9ag1 a~ilarmm gerekli
oldugunu dii~ilnenlerin ve yaptrranlann algilanan duyarhhk, algilanan onem/ciddiyet,
algilanan yarar, saghk sommlulugu alt boyutlan daha yilksek, algilanan engel alt
boyutu puanlan daha dii~ilk bulunmu~tur. <;ocukluk 9ag1 a~1 takviminde yer alan
a~ilan krrsal bolgede ya~ayan ebeveynlerin %97'sinin kentsel bolgede ya~ayan
ebeveynlerin ise %92,2'sinin yaptrrd1g1 tespit edilmi~tir. A~1yla ilgili Toplum TutumuSaghk
inan9 Modeli 6l9egi toplam puam kentsel bolgedeki ebeveynlerin 87,63±9,84,
krrsal bolgedeki ebeveynlerin ise 89±6,44 bulunmu~tur. Hem kentsel hem de krrsal
bolgedeki ebeveynlerin a~1 tutumu puan ortalamalannm orta dilzeyde oldugu
goriilmil~tiir.
Anahtar Sozciikler: <;ocuk saghg1, <;ocukluk 9ag1, Saghk inan9 modeli, A~1 tutumu

Abstract:
The aim of the study is to investigate the attitudes of parents living in
mral and urban areas in Kiitahya province towards childhood vaccinations using the
Health Belief Model. The study is of descriptive comparative research type. The study
was cruTied out by face-to-face interviews with pru·ents between June and September
2021 at the Fatih ASM in the central district of Kiitahya and the health house in the
village of Sevdigin in Altmta~ district. A total of254 pru·ents, 153 from the urban ru·ea
(Fatih ASM) and 101 from the rural ru·ea (health house), pruticipated. In the study, a
descriptive questionnaire form prepared by the reseru·chers and the Vaccine-Related
Community Attitude-Health Belief Model Scale were used as data collection tools.
Descriptive statistics, Speru·man coITelation analysis, Kruskal Wallis test, Mann
Whitney u test were used in the analysis of the data. The average age of the pru·ents
pruticipating in the study was found to be 34,83±9,14. While 67.3% ofpru·ents living
in mral ru·eas stated that 'vaccination is a legal obligation and every newborn
baby/child should be vaccinated compulsory', 50.3% of pru·ents living in urban areas
stated that 'the decision to vaccinate should belong to the mother/father and they stated
that the vaccine should not be given ifthe pru·ents do not allow it. Perceived sensitivity,
perceived impo1tance/seriousness, perceived benefit, and health responsibility subdimensions
were higher, and perceived disability sub-dimension scores were found to
be lower in those who thought that childhood vaccinations were necessru·y and had
them done. It was determined that 97% of pru·ents living in rural ru·eas and 92.2% of
pru·ents living in urban ru·eas had the vaccines included in the childhood vaccination
calendru-. The total score of the Vaccine-Related Community Attitude-Health Belief
Model scale was found to be 87,63±9,84 for pru·ents in urban areas and 89±6,44 for
pru·ents in mral areas. It has been observed that the mean scores of pru·ents' vaccination
attitude in both urban and rural ru·eas ru·e at a moderate level.
Keywords: Child health, Childhood, Health Belief Model, Vaccination attitude