protocolSection identificationModule nctId: NCT06287840, orgStudyIdInfo id: 17-301, secondaryIdInfos id: 488294, type: OTHER_GRANT, domain: Canadian Institute for Health Research, briefTitle: Canadian Bone Strength Development Study, acronym: CanBSDS, statusModule overallStatus: RECRUITING, startDateStruct date: 2024-04-01, primaryCompletionDateStruct date: 2028-12-31, completionDateStruct date: 2028-12-31, studyFirstPostDateStruct date: 2024-03-01, lastUpdatePostDateStruct date: 2024-03-06, sponsorCollaboratorsModule leadSponsor name: University of Saskatchewan, class: OTHER, collaborators name: University of Calgary, collaborators name: The Hospital for Sick Children, collaborators name: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, descriptionModule briefSummary: The goal of this project is to learn about differences in bone development between children with and without type-1 diabetes (T1D). The main questions this study aims to answer are:1. Assess how and when sex-specific bone developmental trajectories in the leg and arm will differ between children with T1D and control cohorts relative to the critical period of rapid skeletal growth in puberty. It is hypothesized that children with T1D will have inferior bone development, particularly lower gains in bone strength.2. Assess why bone trajectories differ between T1D and control cohorts by identifying the role of body composition, site-specific muscle force and physical activity on differences in bone properties in female and male children with and without T1D. It is hypothesized that children with T1D will have lower gains in lean mass, muscle force, number of daily bone impacts and minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity and will be associated with inferior gains in bone development.3. Assess why T1D may impair sex-specific bone development by exploring the role of disease-related factors (e.g., duration, glucose control, hormones and markers of bone turnover) and fracture history on bone trajectories of children with T1D. It is hypothesized that longer exposure to T1D, poorer glucose control, alterations in hormones, lower bone formation markers and higher history of fracture will be negatively associated with bone trajectories of children with T1D.Participant's physical growth, bone growth, muscle strength, physical activity and nutrition habits will be assessed and followed up annually for up to 4 years., conditionsModule conditions: Type-1 Diabetes, designModule studyType: OBSERVATIONAL, designInfo observationalModel: OTHER, timePerspective: PROSPECTIVE, enrollmentInfo count: 204, type: ESTIMATED, armsInterventionsModule, outcomesModule primaryOutcomes measure: Trabecular Thickness (μm), primaryOutcomes measure: Bone Strength (Failure load), secondaryOutcomes measure: Total, Cortical and Trabecular Bone Area (mm^2), secondaryOutcomes measure: Total, Cortical and Trabecular Bone Density (mg HA/cm^3), secondaryOutcomes measure: Cortical Thickness (μm), secondaryOutcomes measure: Cortical Porosity, secondaryOutcomes measure: Trabecular Bone Volume Fraction (%), secondaryOutcomes measure: Trabecular Bone Number (1/mm), secondaryOutcomes measure: Trabecular Bone Separation (μm), secondaryOutcomes measure: Total Body and Hip Bone Mineral Content (g), secondaryOutcomes measure: Total Body and Hip Areal Bone Mineral Density (g/cm^2), secondaryOutcomes measure: Age from Peak Height Velocity (years), secondaryOutcomes measure: Pubertal Development, secondaryOutcomes measure: Long Jump (m), secondaryOutcomes measure: Hand Grip (N), secondaryOutcomes measure: Bone Impacts, secondaryOutcomes measure: Physical Activity (minutes/day), secondaryOutcomes measure: Food Frequency Questionnaire, secondaryOutcomes measure: Health, secondaryOutcomes measure: Osteocalcin, secondaryOutcomes measure: Procollagen type I N-propeptide (P1NP-N), secondaryOutcomes measure: C-terminal telopepide (CTx), secondaryOutcomes measure: Sclerostin, secondaryOutcomes measure: Insulin growth factor-1, secondaryOutcomes measure: Alkaline phosphatase, eligibilityModule sex: ALL, minimumAge: 10 Years, maximumAge: 12 Years, stdAges: CHILD, contactsLocationsModule locations facility: University of Saskatchewan, status: RECRUITING, city: Saskatoon, state: Saskatchewan, zip: S7N5B2, country: Canada, contacts name: Saija Kontulainen, PhD, role: CONTACT, phone: (306)966-1077, email: saija.kontulainen@usask.ca, geoPoint lat: 52.13238, lon: -106.66892, hasResults: False