protocolSection identificationModule nctId: NCT06312735, orgStudyIdInfo id: 230405, briefTitle: VR for Patients With Chronic Pain (Wait & Work), statusModule overallStatus: RECRUITING, startDateStruct date: 2023-10-01, primaryCompletionDateStruct date: 2024-03-31, completionDateStruct date: 2024-09-30, studyFirstPostDateStruct date: 2024-03-15, lastUpdatePostDateStruct date: 2024-03-18, sponsorCollaboratorsModule leadSponsor name: University of Twente, class: OTHER, descriptionModule briefSummary: This cluster-RCT evaluates the effect of therapeutic virtual reality (VR) on patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) who are on a waiting list to receive pain treatment. The used VR application, Reducept, offers pain education and pain management techniques. This home-based, stand-alone, immersive VR intervention was used daily for four weeks in the intervention group. The control group received standard care (no treatment). Primary outcome measure for this study was health-related quality of life, secondary outcome measures included various pain-related variables (e.g. pain self-efficacy and acceptance. Outcome variables will be measured after four weeks and follow-up after six months., conditionsModule conditions: Chronic Pain, designModule studyType: INTERVENTIONAL, phases: NA, designInfo allocation: RANDOMIZED, interventionModel: PARALLEL, primaryPurpose: TREATMENT, maskingInfo masking: NONE, enrollmentInfo count: 60, type: ESTIMATED, armsInterventionsModule interventions name: VR (Reducept), outcomesModule primaryOutcomes measure: Change in quality of life measured using the short-form 12 (SF-12), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in pain intensity measured using the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in pain catastrophizing measured using the pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in pain self-efficacy measured using the pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in pain acceptance measured using the chronic pain acceptance questionnaire (CPAQ-8), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in feelings of anxiety and depression measured using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in quality of care measured using the client satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ-8), secondaryOutcomes measure: Change in medication use measured using an open-ended question, eligibilityModule sex: ALL, minimumAge: 18 Years, stdAges: ADULT, stdAges: OLDER_ADULT, contactsLocationsModule locations facility: Revalidatie Friesland, status: RECRUITING, city: Emmeloord, state: Friesland, zip: 8303BX, country: Netherlands, contacts name: Heleen Reinders-Messelink, PhD, role: CONTACT, geoPoint lat: 52.71083, lon: 5.74861, locations facility: Deventer Ziekenhuis, status: RECRUITING, city: Deventer, state: Overijssel, zip: 7416SE, country: Netherlands, contacts name: Leonie Oolbekkink, MSc, role: CONTACT, geoPoint lat: 52.255, lon: 6.16389, locations facility: Roessingh rehabilitation center, status: RECRUITING, city: Enschede, state: Overijssel, zip: 7522AH, country: Netherlands, contacts name: Marjolein Stegeman, MSc, role: CONTACT, geoPoint lat: 52.21833, lon: 6.89583, locations facility: Nocepta, status: RECRUITING, city: Hengelo, state: Overijssel, zip: 7555DL, country: Netherlands, contacts name: Nelson Oliveira, MSc, role: CONTACT, geoPoint lat: 52.26583, lon: 6.79306, hasResults: False