protocolSection identificationModule nctId: NCT06313125, orgStudyIdInfo id: E-77082166-302.08.01-796166, briefTitle: Comparison of Exercise Effects in Individuals With Flatfoot, statusModule overallStatus: RECRUITING, startDateStruct date: 2024-04-21, primaryCompletionDateStruct date: 2024-05-31, completionDateStruct date: 2024-08-31, studyFirstPostDateStruct date: 2024-03-15, lastUpdatePostDateStruct date: 2024-03-15, sponsorCollaboratorsModule leadSponsor name: Mustafa Kemal University, class: OTHER, descriptionModule briefSummary: Flexible flatfoot deformity, also known as flexible pes planus, is a common pathological condition characterized by decreased medial longitudinal arch height, eversion of the calcaneus and abduction of the forefoot, especially during loading. Conservative treatments are generally considered as the first step in treatment. In conservative treatments, exercise methods are one of the most frequently used interventions. It has been reported that exercise can improve functional outcomes such as navicular drop, plantar pressure distribution, foot posture, balance, and muscle strength in adults with flexible flatfoot. Although it is known that intrinsic muscle strengthening exercises are a frequently used intervention method in foot pathologies, there is a deficiency in the literature regarding studies investigating the effect of the combination of the most basic foot intrinsic muscle strengthening exercises with different exercise interventions on targeted clinical gains. However, the effect of three-dimensional foot-ankle exercise on flat feet is unknown. Additionally, there are a limited number of studies in the literature investigating the effects of hip abductor and external rotator muscle strength training on foot posture in individuals with flat feet. The aim of this thesis study, planned in the light of this information, is to determine the effects of three-dimensional foot-ankle extension exercises and hip abductor-external rotator muscle strengthening exercise primarily on navicular drop and MLA height in individuals with flexible flat feet; Secondly, it is to examine and compare the effects of static foot posture, hip abductor/external rotator, ankle circumference and intrinsic muscle strength on the functional performance of the lower extremity (endurance, dynamic balance and single leg forward jumping performance). To our knowledge, this study will be the first randomized controlled study to examine and compare the effects of two different exercise interventions that exercise the proximal and distal regions in flatfoot rehabilitation, and the results obtained will contribute to the development of better exercise and treatment programs in this population. In individuals with flat feet, when hip abductor/external rotator strengthening exercises or 3D foot-ankle extension exercises in the PNF pattern are added to short-foot exercise, MLA structure, muscle strength and lower extremity function will be improved more, and when these exercises are combined with short-foot exercise, they are comparable to intrinsic muscle strengthening exercises alone. The investigators hypothesized that it would produce superior clinical results., conditionsModule conditions: Flat Foot [Pes Planus] (Acquired), Unspecified Foot, designModule studyType: INTERVENTIONAL, phases: NA, designInfo allocation: RANDOMIZED, interventionModel: PARALLEL, interventionModelDescription: There will be three groups in the study. Short-foot exercise for the control group; short-foot and 3-dimensional foot-ankle exercise for the foot-ankle group; short-foot and clam exercise will be applied for the hip group., primaryPurpose: TREATMENT, maskingInfo masking: DOUBLE, maskingDescription: The evaluator researcher and participants will be blinded to group allocation., whoMasked: PARTICIPANT, whoMasked: OUTCOMES_ASSESSOR, enrollmentInfo count: 60, type: ESTIMATED, armsInterventionsModule interventions name: 3-dimensional foot-ankle extension exercises, interventions name: Clam exercise, interventions name: Short-foot exercise, outcomesModule primaryOutcomes measure: Medial longitudinal arch height-Navicular Drop Test, secondaryOutcomes measure: Static foot posture-Foot Posture Index-6, secondaryOutcomes measure: Foot structure-Photopodometric analysis, secondaryOutcomes measure: Recording demographic and clinical information on the evaluation form, eligibilityModule sex: ALL, minimumAge: 18 Years, maximumAge: 50 Years, stdAges: ADULT, contactsLocationsModule locations facility: Gazi University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, status: RECRUITING, city: Ankara, state: Çankaya, zip: 06540, country: Turkey, contacts name: Dilek Ha Esen, PhD. c., role: CONTACT, phone: +90533 815 23 71, email: dilekhandeesen@gmail.com, contacts name: Nihan Kafa, Prof., role: CONTACT, email: fztnihankafa@gmail.com, geoPoint lat: 39.91987, lon: 32.85427, hasResults: False