All participants will pray the Duha prayer, an optional superogatory prayer that typically occurs in the early morning, to control for differences in timing and duration of prayer. The Duha is completed between the dawn and noon prayers and consists of four cycles of prayer as well as Qur'an recitation and supplication throughout the four positions. The salaat condition includes four cycles with four different positions during each cycle (standing with bowing at a 90-degree angle with both hands covering the knees, standing again briefly with arms at the sides, prostrating with forehead, hands, knees, and feet touching the ground, followed by sitting with knees bent under the torso, prostrating, and sitting again). The counting condition will include the same physical component as the salaat condition. This will include 4 cycles of movement through the four different positions (i.e., standing, bowing at a 90-degree angle with both hands covering the knees, standing again briefly with arms at the sides, prostrating with forehead, hands, knees, and feet touching the ground, followed by sitting with knees bent under the torso, prostrating, and a final sitting position in cycles two and four (see Figure 2)). Apart from not including the final sitting position, cycles one and three are identical to cycles two and four (see Figure 2). The counting condition will include replacing Qur'anic recitation and subsequent supplications throughout the prayer by counting "one one-thousand, two one-thousand, three one-thousand, etc." throughout the duration of time typically required to perform the full salaat. During the standing position, counting can last for approximately 30-60 seconds in line with the previous study by Doufesh and colleagues (2012). Thus, the first three cycles of prayer will require approximately 77 seconds each while the final cycle will require around 97 seconds based on the estimates by Doufesh and colleagues (2012), for a total of approximately five and a half minutes. To ensure that participant duration during the counting condition is, on average, equivalent to the salaat condition, an audio recording will be provided with counting aloud during each position. The duration of the counting in the audio recording will be an average of the duration of each position as found in Doufesh and colleagues (2012). A bell sound will be used to indicate when participants should change to the next position. After performance of each condition, participants will return to a comfortable seated position. Participants will complete a questionnaire to rate their mental focus in the condition. Blood pressure will be measured at the end of each condition. While at rest, assessment of blood pressure, HRV, and EEG will be obtained from participants for 5 minutes between each condition and at the end of the study. conditions: Stress, Psychological conditions: Control studyType: INTERVENTIONAL phases: NA allocation: RANDOMIZED interventionModel: CROSSOVER interventionModelDescription: There is one intervention (i.e., the prayer condition) and one control condition (i.e., the counting condition). primaryPurpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE masking: SINGLE maskingDescription: This study uses a cross-sectional, repeated measures, crossover design. All participants will complete both conditions of the study but will be randomized to start in either the salaat or counting conditions. whoMasked: INVESTIGATOR count: 45 type: ESTIMATED name: Salaat name: Sham comparator measure: Relative power alpha measure: High frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) measure: The Body Perception Questionnaire Body Awareness Very Short Form (BPQ-VSF) measure: The SF 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) measure: Modified International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) measure: Health Care Discrimination Scale (HCDS; Martin, 2015) measure: Perceived Religious Discrimination Scale (PRDS; Rippy & Newman, 2008) measure: The Internalized Islamophobia Scale measure: Muslim Identification Scale (MIS; Verkuyten, 2007) measure: Brief Religious COPE measure: Salaat Frequency Scale measure: The Salaat Index measure: Hijab Frequency Scale sex: FEMALE minimumAge: 18 Years maximumAge: 50 Years stdAges: ADULT facility: The Ohio State University status: RECRUITING city: Columbus state: Ohio zip: 43016 country: United States name: Ihsan Rodriguez, MS role: CONTACT phone: 505-463-5297 email: Rodriguez.919@osu.edu name: Charles Emery, PhD role: CONTACT phone: 43210 email: emery.33@osu.edu name: Charles Emery, PhD role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR name: Ihsan Rodriguez, MS role: SUB_INVESTIGATOR lat: 39.96118 lon: -82.99879 hasResults: False