The ECHO study will determine what the long-term health outcomes are in children born to mothers who use e-cigarettes during pregnancy. Specifically, we will focus on birth, nutritional, brain development and respiratory outcomes in children. To answer this research question, the ECHO study will recruit infants born to women who use e-cigarettes during pregnancy across three maternity hospitals and follow them up over 2 years. We will invite women at their booking visit to take part in this research study. We plan to also recruit a similar number of both non-smoking and tobacco smoking pregnant women for comparison. We will record a detailed record of e-cigarette and tobacco use by women during pregnancy as well as checking smoking using special monitoring tools. After the baby is born, we will perform growth measurements, neurocognitive assessments and a respiratory questionnaire at 6 months, one year and two years of age. conditions: Vaping conditions: Pregnancy Related conditions: Pediatric Respiratory Diseases studyType: OBSERVATIONAL observationalModel: CASE_CONTROL timePerspective: PROSPECTIVE count: 1200 type: ESTIMATED measure: Incidence of preterm birth measure: Incidence of low birth weight measure: Incidence of wheeze during the first two years of life measure: Incidence of smoking and vaping measure: Estimated foetal weight measure: Trends in carbon monoxide levels measure: Blood pressure measurements (both diastolic and systolic) measure: Urine cotinine measurements measure: Incidence of maternal cough, wheeze and/or asthma measure: Maternal history of abnormal cervical screening cytology measure: Incidence of pre-eclampsia and/or hypertension during pregnancy measure: Incidence of birth complications measure: Edinburgh postnatal depression score measure: APGAR scores at 1, 5 and 10 minutes after birth measure: Admission to neonatal intensive care measure: Incidence of neonatal complications measure: Neonatal and paediatric anthropometric measurements over first two years of life measure: Neonatal body composition measurements measure: Incidence of respiratory illnesses measure: Number of attendances/admissions to hospital measure: Frequency of prescribed respiratory medications use measure: Barkely Functional Impairment score (BFIS) measure: Early Executive Functions Questionnaire (EEFQ) measure: Infant Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ) measure: Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) measure: Early Childhood Behaviour Questionnaire (ECBQ) measure: Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) sex: FEMALE minimumAge: 18 Years maximumAge: 46 Years stdAges: ADULT facility: Rotunda Hospital status: RECRUITING city: Dublin zip: D01 P5W9 country: Ireland name: Adele Reddin, BSc/MSc role: CONTACT email: areddin@rotunda.ie lat: 53.33306 lon: -6.24889 facility: National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street status: RECRUITING city: Dublin zip: D02 YH21 country: Ireland name: Emma Doyle, BSc/MSc role: CONTACT email: emma.doyle@nmh.ie lat: 53.33306 lon: -6.24889 facility: Coombe Womens Hospital status: RECRUITING city: Dublin zip: D08 XW7X country: Ireland name: Eibhlin Cary Healy, MRCPI role: CONTACT email: ehealy@coombe.ie name: Mariapia Dado, BSc/MSc role: CONTACT phone: +35314085571 phoneExt: 4541 email: MDado@coombe.ie lat: 53.33306 lon: -6.24889 hasResults: False