Theres also a little state called Judaea  It was independent from about  BC to  AD and again  from   although it was a Roman client after  BC  In the intermittent period under the Persians Ptolemies and  Seleucids the Jews largely ruled themselves through their high priest although they didnt have political independence so I wouldnt describe it as rule  But certainly the Hasmoneans and the Herods were real rulers of the region