Calculation  Can someone explain the calculation used to date the divergance In other words how do ancient human mitocondria from the neanderthal period differ from neanderthals That is a very different question than applying a contemporanious species metric to aincent humans with those of today I find it odd that neandertals are considered non human when Archaic Homo sapiens evolved between  and  years ago  Simialrly odd is this which shows two species of modern human