Counter Example   The claim of the ideal state of affairs can only come about if it includes this criteria is false   The claim  The marginal rate of transformation in production is identical for all products This occurs when it is impossible to increase the production of any good without reducing the production of other goods   This is a false claim with the following counterexample   The United States no longer sees horsecarriages that have been replaced by the automobile  The increased production of the automobile reduced the production of the horsecarriage implying that Pareto efficiency never existed or could never exist because it cannot account for all things including future technology that greatly improved the efficiency of all things by the automobile the United State production capability after adjusting for inflation and other economic factors from  to  and the automobile and resulting highways was just one technology influence of this  The automobile technology is about  years old and the horsecarriage has been around since time immemorial but the horsecarriage is now is very uncommon and replaced by the automobile  This is a counterexample therefore the description of ideal state of affairs is inadequate and you know in mathematics and philosophy that means it is worthless