Samoa mo Samoa  Mata Usi Wikipedia   Samoa ismo Samoan Smoa IPA samoa officially the Independent State of Samoa Samoan Malo Saoloto Tutoatasi o Smoa formerly known as Western Samoa is a country encompassing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean Samoa announced their independence to Aotearoa  New Zealand in  The main island of Samoa is Upolu and is one of the largest islands in the Polynesian Triangle next to Savaii The capital city Apia and Faleolo International Airport are situated on the island of Upolu  Samoa was admitted to the United Nations on  December  The entire island group inclusive of American Samoa has been called Navigators Islands by late European explorers who at  years after Polynesias Age of Navigation surged into an era of exploration Before the th century because of the Samoans seafaring skills and origins of Polynesian culture    History Main article History of Samoa Many recent studies into the prehistory of Samoa has been taken up by Asia Pacific Universities including departments in Aotearoa  New Zealand In general public education the Polynesian Expansion is chronologically studied in the range of  years leading off at a Lapita site at Mulifanua during the s  The origins of The Samoan Expansions are linked to the Prehistorical waves of Southeast Asian expansions which is a continued study in modern research in various scientific disciplines such as Genetics Linguistics and Anthropology Scientific research resides on the results that the Samoans originate from or of the ancient lines of Austronesian expansions and predecessors during some of the first waves expansions eastward across Southern Asia and Asia Pacific The Lapita expansion period from Southeast Asia through Melanesia between  and  BCE is an on going Anthropological interest The Samoan origins are currently being thoroughly assessed due to new scientific evidence and carbon dating findings from  and onwards  Its theorized that intimate sociocultural and genetic ties were maintained in Prehistorical eras between the Polynesian Lapita colonies Archaeological record supports Samoan oral History and Genealogy that indicate interisland exploration war colonization and eras of Monarchal ties between ancient Samoans Tongans Fijians and in Eastern Polynesia orders  Alii    Studio photo depicting preparation of the Samoa ava ceremony c   Interior of Samoan house Apia Urville At the final arrival of western exploration in the early th century Jacob Roggeveen  a Dutchman was the first documented to sight the Samoan islands in  This visit was followed by another western explorer LouisAntoine de Bougainville  who named them the Navigator Islands in  Contact was limited before the s which is when missionaries and traders began seeking relations with Samoan orders  Religious missions were cautious in Samoa which began in the late s by John Williams of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapalii from The Cook Islands and Tahiti According to Barbara A West another western author seeking interests of readers The Samoans were also known to engage in headhunting a practice invoked in ancient Samoan warfare in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader thus taking his Mana By that time the Samoans had gained a reputation of being savage and warlike from a famously published French journal of the times which insued panic during that time and a wonder of Samoan invasion The violent altercations had occurred between a village of Samoa and a French expedition La Perouse Expedition who had lost almost the entire crew leaving the expedition adrift over a French sailor direspecting a Samoan woman  Later expeditions by the British German and American forces who by the late nineteenth century understood the invaluble oceanic position of Samoan trade sought its cooperation in resupply and refueling for coalfired shipping and whaling    Wilhelm Solf German governor of Samoa   Mataafa Iosefo  paramount chief  rival for the kingship of SamoaThe Germans in particular began to show great academic and commercial interest in Samoa especially on the island of Upolu where German firms established trade with Samoa in copra and cocoa bean processing the United States rushed into the new Pacific international trade and formed alliances with Samoan orders be it the Chiefs High Chiefs of the public or with the current anointed Monarch Most intuitively the American government established their strongest relations on the islands of legend Tutuila and Manua which later became a protectorate of the USA as American Samoa  At one point during Samoan civil unrest a conflict between the Samoan Orders Britain sent troops to protect already attempted enterprise harbour rights and the consulate office The political unrest already in motion even before western trade was established set off the eightyear civil war where each of the three western powers supplied Samoan campaigns with arms ammunition and in some cases regiments or combat troops to the Samoan campaigns A western title of the events titled the Samoan crisis has recently appeared describing the critical juncture in March  when all three western allied contenders sent troops supply and a number of decorated warships into Apia harbour for the largest Pacificscale war seemed imminent The war seemed set until a massive storm Tsunami on  March  damaged permanantly or destroyed all the fleets warships and troops ending the western military conflicts  The Second Samoan Civil War was a conflict that reached a head in  when allied Germany the United Kingdom and the United States were locked in dispute again with Samoan campaigns The Samoan Siege of Apia occurred during the Second Samoan Civil War in March  at Apia Samoan Loyalist forces to Prince Tanu were besieged by a larger force of Samoan Loyalists to the reknown Mataafa Iosefo Allied to the Samoan Prince Tanu were sent troops from four British and American warships  Over the course of several days in battle one side of the Samoan insurgents were defeated Allied American and British warships shelled Apia on  March  including the allied USS Philadelphia Germany the United Kingdom and the United States quickly wished to resolve the campaigns which were costing far more than trade profits and what seemed may last to an unknown date The partitioning with Samoa was convened on at the Tripartite Convention of   th centuryThe Tripartite Convention of  agreed that in the Samoan Islands two parts the eastern island group would become a protectorate of the United States the Tutuila Islands in  and officially Manua in  and is today known as American Samoa the western islands by far the greater landmass became known in western networks as German Samoa German Allied with Samoan Orders after Britain retreated all enterprise with Samoa Britain then in retaliation to Samoan and German alliances sought termination of German allied rights in the Kingdom of Tonga and certain areas in the Solomon Islands and West Africa  By  the German administration had achieved a set stage for longterm relations with Western Samoa understanding the traditional forces in Samoan politics This maintaining of relations was formed with local participation in a newly forming Samoan government Samoa kept their Tupu King nor even alii sili similar to a governor with two Fautua Advisors added or appointed Tumua and Pule traditional governments of Upolu and Savaii were for a time separate one type of government for Samoan traditionals and another for newly made foreign trade all decisions on matters affecting western interests and titles were through Samoan Orders and the Governor To complete the process with new foreign trade a new Faalupega was created  The Faalupega is a formal greeting which acknowledges those being greeted and their status The Faalupega which had been nationally accepted on both Samoan island chains The Faalupega is as follows  Tulouna a Tumua ma Pule Tulouna a Ituau ma Alataua Tulouna a AigaileTai Ma le VaaoFonoti Tulouna a Tama ma a latou aiga Poo aiga ma a latou tama  This firstly recognized the authority and identity of principal districts of Samoa through their spokesmen  Tumua ma Pule Ituau ma Alataua AigaileTai and the VaaoFonoti  and the highest titles which were bestowed by these Samoan Orders It concludes with the recognition of the great maximal descent groups of Samoa and their sons who had been chosen to hold the highest titles  The new Faalupega of for German allied in Samoa which in its first line recognises the Kaiser Kaisa and apparently announces Great Malietoa Tanunafili King and Tupua Tamasese to be supervising advisors to the governing council for Germans in Samoa  Tulouna a lana Maiesitete le Kaisa o le tupu mamalu o lo tatou malo kasialika aoao Tulouna a lana afioga le kovana kasialika o le sui o le kaisa I Samoa nei Susu mai Malietoa Afio mai Tupua Ua faamanatuiana ai aiga e lua I o oulua tofiga Kasialika o le Fautua Tulouna a le vasega a Faipule Kasialika o e lagolago malosi I le Malo Afifio mai le nofo a vasega o tofiga Kasialika o e usu fita I le tautua I le malo  The first German Governor