Leaders should assign each member the role of critical evaluator This allows each member to freely air objections and doubts   Higherups should not express an opinion when assigning a task to a group   The organization should set up several independent groups working on the same problem   All effective alternatives should be examined   Each member should discuss the groups ideas with trusted people outside of the group   The group should invite outside experts into meetings Group members should be allowed to discuss with and question the outside experts   At least one group member should be assigned the role of Devils advocate This should be a different person for each meeting