Question: What animal did Lewis and Clark newly discover during their 1804 expedition up Old Baldy in Nebraska?

full_context: Document 1: Lewis and Clark Pass (Montana): Lewis and Clark Pass, el. 6424 ft is a mountain pass on the continental divide in Montana. It lies at the head of the drainages of the west flowing Blackfoot River and the east flowing Dearborn River. The pass is in the Helena National Forest in Lewis and Clark County. The Continental Divide Trail traverses north and south through the pass. At the time of the Lewis and Clark Expedition the pass was a much-used pathway where the native people living in what today is Montana crossed over the continental divide. The pass was crossed by Meriwether Lewis on July 7, 1806, on the return leg of the Lewis and Clark Expedition with a party of nine men and his dog Seaman. The pass was named for the expedition's two leaders–Lewis and William Clark. Lewis and Clark Pass is the only roadless pass on the entire Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail. It has gone from being one of the most used continental divide passes prior to the pioneer era to one of the least visited passes today. It can be accessed by a 1.5 mi trail. Visitors will encounter the pass much as Lewis did in 1806. The furrows left by the countless dog and horse travois that crossed the pass are still visible (though fading) and this is one of the places along the expedition's route that visitors may still encounter a grizzly bear. On a clear day, like Meriwether Lewis in 1806 one can see Square Butte in Cascade County, Montana, 40 mi to the northeast.
Document 2: University of Nebraska–Lincoln: The University of Nebraska–Lincoln, often referred to as Nebraska, UNL or NU, is a public research university in the city of Lincoln, in the state of Nebraska in the Midwestern United States. It is the state's oldest university, and the largest in the University of Nebraska system.
Document 3: Boonslick: The Boonslick, or Boone's Lick Country, is a cultural region of Missouri along the Missouri River that played an important role in the westward expansion of the United States and the development of Missouri's statehood in the early 19th century. The Boone's Lick Trail, a route paralleling the north bank of the river between St. Charles and Franklin, Missouri, was the primary thoroughfare for settlers moving westward from St. Louis in the early 19th century. Its terminus in Franklin marked the beginning of the Santa Fe Trail, which eventually became a major conduit for Spanish trade in the American Southwest. Later it connected to the large emigrant trails, including the Oregon and California Trails, used by pioneers, gold-seekers and other early settlers of the West. The region takes its name from a salt spring or "lick" in western Howard County, where Nathan and Daniel Morgan Boone, sons of famed frontiersman Daniel Boone, built a homestead in 1807.
Document 4: Great Plains wolf: The Great Plains wolf ("Canis lupus nubilus"), also known as the buffalo wolf, dusky wolf or loafer, is a subspecies of gray wolf whose range once extended throughout the Great Plains from southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan southward to northern Texas. Today it is usually found in Ontario, with populations also occurring during the winter months in the western Great Lakes region of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Upper Michigan. It is a medium-sized subspecies of variable color, with most specimens being light colored, though black individuals do occur. Adult males typically weigh 100 lb (45 kg), though exceptionally large individuals weighing 150 lb (68 kg) have been recorded. Along with "C. l. occidentalis", with which it shares a long and complex border, the Great Plains wolf is the most widely spread North American gray wolf, with at least 11 different synonyms.
Document 5: Nebraska: Nebraska is a state that lies in both the Great Plains and the Midwestern United States. The state is bordered by South Dakota to the north, Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River, Kansas to the south, Colorado to the southwest and Wyoming to the west. It is the only triply landlocked U.S. state. Nebraska's area is just over 77,220 sq mi (200,000 km) with almost 1.9 million people. Its state capital is Lincoln, and its largest city is Omaha, which is on the Missouri River.
Document 6: Robidoux Pass: Robidoux Pass, also known as Roubadeau Pass, Roubedeau Pass, Roubideau Pass, Roubidoux Pass and Roubadeau Pass Gap, is a gap passing through the Wildcat Hills near Scottsbluff, Nebraska about 9 mi west of Gering, Nebraska. The gap was on the route of the historic Oregon or Emigrant Trail. It is at an elevation of 4554 ft . Used by thousands of emigrants to the west from 1843-1851, the pass is a National Historic Landmark.
Document 7: Old Baldy (Lynch, Nebraska): Old Baldy, also known as the Tower, is a hill located near the village of Lynch, in Boyd County, in the northern part of the state of Nebraska in the Midwestern United States. It was visited by the Lewis and Clark Expedition on their way up the Missouri River in 1804; nearby, they discovered a colony of prairie dogs, an animal previously unknown to scientists.
Document 8: UL Bend National Wildlife Refuge: UL Bend National Wildlife Refuge is a 56048 acre protected area that is located in central Montana, United States. The refuge, located at the extreme southernmost tip of Phillips County, is managed and bordered on three sides by the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge and the Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri River. The UL Bend Wilderness comprises almost half the refuge and provides a high level of protection to the most remote regions. This refuge is remote, requiring travel by gravel and dirt roads that can be difficult to navigate during inclement weather. A large species population of red fox, bald eagle, bighorn sheep, golden eagle, black bear, great horned owl, moose, burrowing owl, coyote, elk, swift fox, bobcat, pronghorn, mule deer, and cougar inhabit this refuge. Prairie dogs are abundant and are the primary food source for the black-footed ferret, which is listed as an endangered species. The Black-footed ferret has been reintroduced into the refuge after nearing extinction yet the sustainability of this relocated species is not yet known, and there are only 1,000 remaining in breeding compounds and perhaps 100 in the wild. Researchers in 2002 were only able to locate a total of 5 ferrets in the entire refuge.
Document 9: Nine Mile Prairie: Nine Mile Prairie (named for its location 5 mi west and 4 mi north of downtown Lincoln) is a 230 acre tract of conserved tallgrass prairie in Lancaster County, Nebraska, United States. Except for one small portion of it that was farmed as recently as the 1950s, Nine-Mile Prairie has never been plowed (some of the land has at times been grazed as recently as the 1960s). As such, it is one of the largest areas of virgin tallgrass prairie in the state of Nebraska. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1986.
Document 10: List of rodents of the Caribbean: The Caribbean region is home to a diverse and largely endemic rodent fauna. This includes the endemic family Capromyidae (hutias), which are largely limited to the Greater Antilles, and two other groups of endemic hystricognaths, the heteropsomyines and giant hutias, including the extinct bear-sized "Amblyrhiza inundata". Lesser Antillean rodent faunas mostly consist of oryzomyines, members of a distantly related group of rodents, and include two of the largest known oryzomyines, "Megalomys desmarestii" and ""Oryzomys hypenemus"". Various other rodents are limited to land-bridge islands such as Trinidad, which were connected to the mainland during glacial-period lowered sea levels in the Pleistocene, or to smaller portions of the Caribbean archipelago. Much of the native rodent fauna of the Caribbean are extinct because of human influences, particularly following the introduction of invasive species such as Old World rats.
Document 11: Black-tailed prairie dog: The black-tailed prairie dog ("Cynomys ludovicianus"), is a rodent of the family Sciuridae found in the Great Plains of North America from about the United States-Canada border to the USA-Mexico border. Unlike some other prairie dogs, these animals do not truly hibernate. The black-tailed prairie dog can be seen above ground in midwinter. A black-tailed prairie dog town in Texas was reported to cover 64000 km2 and included 400,000,000 individuals. Prior to habitat destruction, this species may have been the most abundant prairie dog in central North America. This species was one of two described by the Lewis and Clark Expedition in the journals and diaries of their expedition.
Document 12: Neotibicen dorsatus: Neotibicen dorsatus, colloquially called the bush cicada or grand western cicada is a species of large bodied annual cicada in the genus "Neotibicen". Unique among other species of "Neotibicen", this species is almost exclusively associated with Eastern tallgrass prairies and the Great plains region of central North America. Prior to the European penetration and settlement of the interior of North America, this was among the most widespread and abundant cicada species in the great plains region; inhabiting a sprawling geographic range. Unfortunately, the extensive destruction of the North American tallgrass prairie for the purposes of agriculture, livestock grazing, and urbanization has precipitated the widespread decline of this species and fragmentation of its distribution. In certain areas of dense urban development or agricultural activity in its former range, populations have been decimated and the cicada effectively extirpated. In modern times, it exists in isolated prairie remnants scattered across the great plains. Although generally listed as a least concern species by conservation groups, remaining relict populations should be monitored and conserved.
Document 13: Abert's squirrel: Abert's squirrel (or tassel-eared squirrel) ("Sciurus aberti") is a tree squirrel in the genus "Sciurus" endemic to the Rocky Mountains from United States to Mexico, with concentrations found in Arizona, the Grand Canyon, New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado. It is closely associated with, and largely confined to, cool dry ponderosa pine forests. It is named in honour of the American naturalist John James Abert and nine subspecies are recognised. It is recognisable by its tufted ears, gray color, pale underparts and rufous patch on the lower back. When available, it feeds on the seeds and cones of the Mexican pinyon and the ponderosa pine, but will also take fungi, buds, bark and carrion. Breeding normally takes place in summer, with a spherical nest being built high in the canopy. This is a common species with a wide range and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Document 14: List of mammals of Alabama: The U.S. state of alabama is home to these known indigenous mammal species. Historically, the state's indigenous species included one armadillo species, sixteen bat species, thirteen carnivore species, six insectivore species, one opossum species, four rabbit species, twenty-two rodent species, and three ungulate species. Four of these native species have become extirpated within the state, including the American bison, cougar, elk, and the red wolf.
Document 15: Painted Dog Conservation: Painted Dog Conservation was founded in 1992 by Dr Greg Rasmussen, for the protection of the painted dogs ("Lycaon pictus") and their habitat. Painted Dog Conservation works to engage and incorporate local communities in protecting painted dogs in Zimbabwe. The painted dog, or African wild dog, was once common in Africa with estimates of over half a million spread among 39 countries. Current estimates put their numbers at about 3,000 only found in Tanzania, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and South Africa. Since PDC's creation, Zimbabwe's wild dog population has increased from 400 to 700 individuals. Painted Dog Conservation is partnered with the Wildlife Conservation Network.
ground_truth: black-tailed prairie dog