Question: Ellis Island, the gateway for over 12 million immigrants to the United States as the nation's busiest immigrant inspection station and where social worker Ludmila Foxlee was employed from 1920 to 1937, was made part of which National Monument in 1965?

full_context: Document 1: National Parks of New York Harbor: National Parks of New York Harbor is the name of an office of the National Park Service that coordinates administration of eleven NPS sites that include 23 unique destinations located in the New York metropolitan area. National Parks of New York Harbor was formed in 2003 and administers properties ranging from the Statue of Liberty National Monument in New York Harbor to Gateway National Recreation Area in several locations and Saint Paul's Church National Historic Site in Mount Vernon, New York. Despite its name, technically the office does not oversee any national parks, but rather national monuments, national memorials, national historic sites, and a large national recreation area. Properties overseen by the office make up 27000 acre and attract more than 12 million visitors each year. They are served by a visitor's center at Federal Hall National Memorial.
Document 2: Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital: The Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital, also known as USPHS Hospital #43, was the United States’ first public health hospital, opened in 1902 and operating as a hospital until 1930. Constructed in phases, the facility encompassed both a general hospital and a separate pavilion style contagious disease hospital. The hospital served as a detention facility for new immigrants who were deemed unfit to enter the United States after their arrival; immigrants would either be released from the hospital to go on to a new life in America or sent back to their home countries. The hospital was one of the largest public health hospitals in United States history and is still viewed today as an extraordinary endeavor in the public health field. While the monument is managed by the National Park Service as part of the National Parks of New York Harbor office, the south side of Ellis Island has been off-limits to the general public since its closing. Efforts to restore the hospital buildings and others on the island are being made by government partner Save Ellis Island. In October 2014, the hospital opened to the public for small group hard hat tours.
Document 3: Statue of Liberty National Monument: The Statue of Liberty National Monument is a United States national monument located in the U.S. states of New Jersey and New York comprising Liberty Island and Ellis Island. It includes "Liberty Enlightening the World", commonly known as the Statue of Liberty, situated on Liberty Island, and the former immigration station at Ellis Island which opened in 1892 and closed in 1954. The monument is managed by the National Park Service as part of the National Parks of New York Harbor office.
Document 4: Angela Carlozzi Rossi: Angela Carlozzi Rossi (1901-1977) was an American social worker who worked for the Italian Welfare League from 1934 to 1973, serving as executive secretary and later as head of the Immigrant Aid Department. During that time, Rossi assisted thousands of Italian and other immigrants, including many who were interned at the Ellis Island immigration center during World War II.
Document 5: Emma Octavia Lundberg: Emma Octavia Lundberg (October 8, 1881 – November 17, 1954) was a Swedish-American child welfare leader and the first Director of the Social Services Division of the United States Children's Bureau. She was born in 1881 in Västergötland, Sweden. In 1884, Lundberg emigrated with her parents to the United States and settled in Rockford, Illinois. She received her bachelor's and master's degree from University of Wisconsin. In 1914 she became the first Director of the Social Services Division of the United States Children's Bureau, where she directed studies on illegitimacy, juvenile delinquency, state child welfare laws, and the care of children considered mentally deficient. In 1925 she resigned her Director post in favor of joining the Child Welfare League of America, where she worked as Director of the Department of Institutional Care, and later as Director of Studies and Surveys. In the beginning of the Great Depression she was made Director of Research and Statistics at the New York Temporary Emergency Relief Administration under then-Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt. In 1935 she went back to the United States Children's Bureau when Chief of the Bureau Katherine Lenroot asked her to; Lenroot had been the Assistant Director of the Social Services Division of the Bureau when she was Director there. Lenroot had also been her assistant at the Wisconsin Industrial Commission in 1913. Lundberg worked as the Assistant Director of the Child Welfare Division from 1935 until 1942, and from 1942 to 1945 she worked as a consultant in social services for children. She helped form children welfare provisions under the Social Security Act 1938. In 1940 she was the Assistant Secretary to the 1940 White House Conference on Children in a Democracy. She retired in 1945 for health reasons. Lundberg lived with Lenroot in Hartsdale, New York from 1951 (when Lenroot retired) until her own death in 1954.
Document 6: Jane Addams: Jane Addams (September 6, 1860May 21, 1935), known as the "mother" of social work, was a pioneer American settlement activist/reformer, social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women's suffrage and world peace. She co-founded, with Ellen Gates Starr, an early settlement house in the United States, Chicago's Hull House that would later become known as one of the most famous settlement houses in America. In an era when presidents such as Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson identified themselves as reformers and social activists, Addams was one of the most prominent reformers of the Progressive Era. She helped America address and focus on issues that were of concern to mothers, such as the needs of children, local public health, and world peace. In her essay “Utilization of Women in City Government,” Jane Addams noted the connection between the workings of government and the household, stating that many departments of government, such as sanitation and the schooling of children, could be traced back to traditional women’s roles in the private sphere. Thus, these were matters of which women would have more knowledge than men, so women needed the vote to best voice their opinions. She said that if women were to be responsible for cleaning up their communities and making them better places to live, they needed to be able to vote to do so effectively. Addams became a role model for middle-class women who volunteered to uplift their communities. She is increasingly being recognized as a member of the American pragmatist school of philosophy, and is known by many as the first woman "public philosopher in the history of the United States. In 1889 she co-founded Hull House, and in 1920 she was a co-founder for the ACLU. In 1931 she became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and is recognized as the founder of the social work profession in the United States.
Document 7: Livia Rothkirchen: Livia Rothkirchen (1922-2013), historian, author and archivist, made distinct contribution to documenting the Holocaust, specifically issues flowing from Nazi Germany’s peacetime take-over of the democratic Republic of Czechoslovakia. Nearly two years before the outbreak of World War II, Germany seized the Sudeten region of Czechoslovakia with the assent of major European states. Germany then dismembered Czechoslovakia, replacing it with German-controlled Bohemia and Moravia, and a nominally independent Slovak state, which collaborated with Nazi policy. In all three areas, harsh regulations were imposed on Jewish citizens, most of whom were ultimately deported and killed. Rothkirchen examines the impact of decisions of Europe's political leaders on general society, on Jewish communal leaders attempting to save their communities, and on Jewish individuals attempting to save themselves and their families from annihilation.
Document 8: Ellis Island: Ellis Island, in Upper New York Bay, was the gateway for over 12 million immigrants to the United States as the nation's busiest immigrant inspection station for over sixty years from 1892 until 1954. The island was greatly expanded with land reclamation between 1892 and 1934. Before that, the much smaller original island was the site of Fort Gibson and later a naval magazine. The island was made part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument in 1965, and has hosted a museum of immigration since 1990.
Document 9: Anna L. Clapp: Anna L. Clapp was born on August 15, 1814. Anna's maiden name was Wendell. She was born in Cambridge, New York and is of Dutch descent. For three years, she was a teacher in Newburgh, New York. Her desire to do good started before the American Civil War. She served as the treasurer for the Industrial School Association. The Industrial School Association was created in 1854 to provide food, shelter, and education to orphan children. At the age of twenty four, she married Alfred Clapp who was an enterprising merchant. They resided in Brooklyn, New York up until the American Civil War began. Mrs. Clapp and her husband emigrated to St. Louis, Missouri. The reason for the couples move is unknown, but they found the right place to put Anna's benevolent nature into action. Every public building was overwhelmingly taken over by wounded soldiers and the St.Louis area was in desperate need for help. Shortly after arriving in St. Louis, Anna discovered the St. Louis Ladies' Union Aid Society and her efforts to help those in need during the American Civil War began.
Document 10: Annie Moore (immigrant): Anna "Annie" Moore (April 24, 1874 - December 6, 1924) was an Irish emigrant to the United States in 1892. She was the first immigrant to the United States to pass through federal immigrant inspection at the Ellis Island station in New York Harbor.
Document 11: Ellis Island: The Dream of America: Ellis Island: The Dream of America is a work for actors and orchestra with projected images by American composer Peter Boyer, composed in 2001-02, commissioned by the Bushnell Center for the Performing Arts in Hartford, Connecticut. The work combines first-person narrations of seven immigrants who entered the United States through Ellis Island between 1910 and 1940, selected by Boyer from the Ellis Island Oral History Project, with Boyer’s original orchestral music. The work has received over 170 performances by more than 75 orchestras. A recording of the work released on the Naxos record label was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Classical Contemporary Composition in the 48th annual Grammy Awards. In April 2017, performances by Pacific Symphony of "Ellis Island: The Dream of America" were filmed for broadcast on PBS’ "Great Performances" series in the 2017-18 broadcast season.
Document 12: Liberty Island: Liberty Island is a federally owned island in Upper New York Bay in the United States, best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty. The island is an exclave of the New York City borough of Manhattan, surrounded by the waters of Jersey City, New Jersey. Long known as Bedloe's Island, it was renamed by an act of the United States Congress in 1956. In 1937, by Presidential Proclamation 2250 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it became part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument and in 1966, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island.
Document 13: Ludmila Foxlee: Ludmila Kuchar Foxlee was a social worker at the Ellis Island immigration station. Employed by the YWCA after World War I, Foxlee spent time in Czechslovakia to assist in rebuilding efforts before working at Ellis Island from 1920 to 1937. She became one of most well-known immigrant aid workers and her meticulous notes are currently stored at the Ellis Island archives.
Document 14: William Williams (Commissioner of Ellis Island): William Williams (1862–1947) was the federal commissioner of immigration for the Port of New York, from 1902 to 1905 and again, from 1909 to 1914. His office was on Ellis Island, which was the location of the nation's most important immigrant inspection station.
Document 15: Port of Galveston immigration: The Port of Galveston, in Galveston, Texas, was the gateway for tens of thousands of immigrants to the Southwest of United States as an immigrant inspection station.
ground_truth: Statue of Liberty