Question: In what year was the judge who delivered the court opinion on Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend born?

full_context: Document 1: Morgan &amp; Morgan PA: Morgan & Morgan P.A. is a national plaintiffs law firm that operates on a contingency-fee basis. Founded by John Morgan in 1988, the firm handles a wide variety of practice areas, including personal injury, car accidents, medical malpractice, wrongful death, product liability, class action, mass torts, insurance disputes, labor and employment, maritime and admiralty law, nursing home abuse, slip and fall, social security disability, whistleblower/qui tam, workers' compensation, antitrust litigation, complex business litigation.
Document 2: Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp.: Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp., 567 US _ (2012) is a US labor law case of the United States Supreme Court. It held that pharmaceutical sales representatives were not eligible for overtime pay. The court ruled in a majority opinion written by Justice Samuel Alito that sales representatives were classified as "outside salesmen" who are exempt from the Department of Labor's regulations regarding overtime pay.
Document 3: Saint Louis University School of Law: Saint Louis University School of Law, also known as SLU LAW, is a private American law school located in St. Louis, Missouri. It is one of the professional graduate schools of Saint Louis University. Opened in 1843, it is the first law school west of the Mississippi River. The school has been ABA approved since 1924 and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools. Housed in Scott Hall, the law school has the highest enrollment of law students in Missouri . It offers both full- and part-time programs. The school is also home to Saint Louis University's Vincent C. Immel Law Library, which is one of the largest law libraries in the state of Missouri. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas studied for his bar exam at the old Omer Poos Law Library on the main SLU campus.
Document 4: Stephen Breyer: Stephen Gerald Breyer ( ; born August 15, 1938) is an American lawyer, professor, and jurist who serves as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Appointed by President Bill Clinton in 1994, Breyer is generally associated with the more liberal side of the Court.
Document 5: Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend: Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend, 557 U.S. 404 (2009) , was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States holding that a seaman may recover punitive damages from his employer for failure to pay maintenance and cure. "Townsend" reversed a line of cases, starting with "Guevara v. Maritime Overseas Corp." in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (New Orleans), that restricted damages in maritime personal injury cases only to "pecuniary" damages. Consequently, a seaman can now recover both attorney's fees and punitive damages for the willful and wanton refusal of a shipowner to provide medical care to a seaman injured on the job. The Court's 5-4 opinion was delivered by Justice Clarence Thomas.
Document 6: Commissioner v. Banks: Commissioner v. Banks, 543 U.S. 426 (2005), together with Commissioner v. Banaitis, was a case decided before the Supreme Court of the United States, dealing with the issue of whether the portion of a money judgment or settlement paid to a taxpayer's attorney under a contingent-fee agreement is income to the taxpayer for federal income tax purposes. The Supreme Court held when a taxpayer's recovery constitutes income, the taxpayer's income includes the portion of the recovery paid to the attorney as a contingent fee. Employment cases are an exception to this Supreme Court ruling because of the Civil Rights Tax Relief in the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004. The Civil Rights Tax Relief amended Internal Revenue Service § 62(a) to permit taxpayers to subtract attorney’s fees from gross income in arriving at adjusted gross income.
Document 7: Thurgood Marshall: Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908January 24, 1993) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice. Prior to his judicial service, he successfully argued several cases before the Supreme Court, including "Brown v. Board of Education".
Document 8: Williams v. Walker-Thomas Furniture Co.: Williams v. Walker-Thomas Furniture Co., 350 F.2d 445 (D.C. Cir. 1965), was a court opinion, written by Judge J. Skelly Wright, that had a definitive discussion of unconscionability as a defense to enforcement of contracts in American contract law. As a staple of first-year law school contract law courses, it has been briefed extensively.
Document 9: Philip Morris USA Inc. v. Williams: Philip Morris USA v. Williams, 549 U.S. 346 (2007) , 556 U.S. 178 (2009) , was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, which held that the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment limits punitive damages, and ordered a lower court to reconsider its damages awards on that basis.
Document 10: Claudia L. Thomas: Claudia L. Thomas is the first female African-American orthopedic surgeon in the United States. She attended Medical School at Johns Hopkins University. She was the first African-American and woman to be admitted to the Yale Medical Program in orthopedics. She strives to increase the number of minority students in medical school and to help decrease racial bias in the healthcare industry. While in her undergrad at Vassar College she helped form the Students’ Afro-American Society (SAS), whose members pushed for the creation of a Black Studies program at the college. She has overcome kidney failure which was exacerbated by a hurricane and is a cancer survivor.
Document 11: Cigna Healthcare of Texas, Inc. v. Calad: CIGNA v. Calad was a Supreme Court of the United States appeal and ruling, where CIGNA Healthcare, Inc. challenged a United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruling in favor of Mrs. Ruby Calad, who was insured under her husband's employer's self-funded medical insurance plan in the State of Texas. This was a Landmark Supreme Court Case.
Document 12: Thurgood Marshall College: Thurgood Marshall College (TMC) is one of the six undergraduate colleges at the University of California San Diego. The college, named after Thurgood Marshall, the first African-American Supreme Court Justice and lawyer for the landmark 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education, emphasizes "scholarship, social responsibility and the belief that a liberal arts education must include an understanding of [one's] role in society." Marshall College's general education requirements emphasize this culture of community involvement and multiculturalism; accordingly Marshall houses the minors in Public Service and Film Studies for the campus. Significant academic programs and departments have come out of the college over many decades: Communication, Ethnic Studies, Third World Studies, African American Studies, Urban Studies & Planning, and Education Studies.
Document 13: Clarence Thomas: Clarence Thomas (born June 23, 1948) is an American judge, lawyer, and government official who currently serves as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Thomas succeeded Thurgood Marshall and is the second African American to serve on the court.
Document 14: Aetna Health Inc. v. Davila: Aetna Health Inc. v. Davila, 542 U.S. 200 (2004) , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court limited the scope of the Texas Healthcare Liability Act (THCLA). The effective result of this decision was that the THCLA, which held Case Management and Utilization Review decisions by Managed Care entities like CIGNA and Aetna to a legal duty of care according to the laws of The State of Texas could not be enforced in the case of Health Benefit plans provided through private employers, because the Texas statute allowed compensatory or punitive damages to redress losses or deter future transgressions, which were not available under ERISA § 1132. The ruling still allows the State of Texas to enforce the THCLA in the case of Government-sponsored (Medicare, Medicaid, Federal, State, Municipal Employee, etc., Church-sponsored, or Individual Health Plan Policies (High-deductible individual policies, self-pay, any insurance not subsidised by a Private Employer), which are saved from preemption by ERISA. The history that allows these Private and Self-Pay Insurance to be saved dates to the "Interstate Commerce" power that was given the federal Government by the Supreme Court. ERISA, enacted in 1974, relied on the "Interstate Commerce" rule to allow federal jurisdiction over private employers, based on the need of private employers to follow a single set of paperwork and rules for pensions and other employee benefit plans where employers had employees in multiple states. Except for private employer plans, insurance can be regulated by the individual states, and Managed Care entities making medical decisions can be held accountable for those decisions if negligence is involved, as allowed by the Texas Healthcare Liability Act.
Document 15: Greg Coleman (jurist): Gregory Scott Coleman (October 31, 1963 in San Francisco, California – November 23, 2010 near Destin, Fla.) was a Texas lawyer and the first Solicitor General of Texas, serving in that capacity from 1999 to 2001. Prior to that, he served as a clerk for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit chief judge Edith Jones from 1992–1993; and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas (1995–1996), arguing nine cases before the nation's high court in the 1990s. At the time of his appointment as solicitor general, he was working as an adjunct professor at Houston's South Texas College of Law (1993–1995) and taught Civil Procedure and Constitutional Law. He was also an adjunct professor at the University of Texas School of Law (2001–2002) where he taught United States Supreme Court Advocacy.
ground_truth: 1948