Question: Osama, written by what Israeli-born writer, won the 2012 World Fantasy Award for Best Novel beating out a novel about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy written by Stephen King?

full_context: Document 1: Reclaiming History: Reclaiming History: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy is a book by attorney Vincent Bugliosi (Norton, 2007; 1,632 pages; ISBN  ) that analyzes the events surrounding the assassination of John F. Kennedy, focusing on the lives of Lee Harvey Oswald and Jack Ruby. The book is drawn from many sources, including the Warren Report. Bugliosi's 1,632-page, 1,535,791-word book (with a CD-ROM containing an additional 1,000+ pages of footnotes) analyzes all aspects of the assassination and the rise of the conspiracy theories about Kennedy's assassination in the years subsequent to the event. Bugliosi argues that the Warren Commission's conclusion that Lee Oswald acted alone in shooting Kennedy is correct. The book won the 2008 Edgar Award for the Best Fact Crime category.
Document 2: Among Others: Among Others is a 2011 fantasy novel written by Welsh-Canadian writer Jo Walton, published originally by Tor Books. It is published in the UK by Corsair (Constable & Robinson). It won the 2012 Nebula Award for Best Novel, the Hugo Award for Best Novel and the British Fantasy Award, and was a nominee for the World Fantasy Award for Best Novel.
Document 3: 11.22.63: 11.22.63 is an American science fiction thriller miniseries based on the book "11/22/63" by Stephen King, and consisting of eight episodes. The series is executive-produced by J. J. Abrams, King, Bridget Carpenter and Bryan Burk, and produced by James Franco, who also has the main role. It premiered on Hulu on February 15, 2016, and was received positively by critics.
Document 4: In the Country of Men: In the Country of Men is the debut novel of Libyan writer Hisham Matar, first published in 2006 by Viking, an imprint of Penguin Books. It was nominated for the 2006 Man Booker Prize and the Guardian First Book Award. It has so far been translated into 22 languages and was awarded the 2007 Royal Society of Literature Ondaatje Prize as well as a host of international literary prizes. The book was also nominated for the 2007 National Book Critics Circle Award in the U.S.
Document 5: The Time Traveler's Wife: The Time Traveler's Wife is the debut novel of American author Audrey Niffenegger, published in 2003. It is a love story about a man with a genetic disorder that causes him to time travel unpredictably, and about his wife, an artist, who has to cope with his frequent absences and dangerous experiences. Niffenegger, frustrated in love when she began the work, wrote the story as a metaphor for her failed relationships. The tale's central relationship came to her suddenly and subsequently supplied the novel's title. The novel, which has been classified as both science fiction and romance, examines issues of love, loss, and free will. In particular, it uses time travel to explore miscommunication and distance in relationships, while also investigating deeper existential questions.
Document 6: 11/22/63: 11/22/63 is a novel by Stephen King about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, which occurred on November 22, 1963 (the novel's titular date). It's the 60th book published by Stephen King, it is his 49th novel and the 42nd under his own name. The novel was announced on King's official site on March 2, 2011. A short excerpt was released online on June 1, 2011, and another excerpt was published in the October 28, 2011, issue of "Entertainment Weekly". The novel was published on November 8, 2011 and quickly became a number-one bestseller. It stayed on The New York Times Best Seller list for 16 weeks. "11/22/63" won the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Mystery/Thriller and the 2012 International Thriller Writers Award for Best Novel, and was nominated for the 2012 British Fantasy Award for Best Novel and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.
Document 7: Mile 81: Mile 81 is a novella by Stephen King, originally published as an e-book on September 1, 2011. The publication also includes an excerpt from King's novel "11/22/63", published two months later. It has also been collected in the 2015 short story collection The Bazaar of Bad Dreams.
Document 8: Catch-22: Catch-22 is a satirical novel by American author Joseph Heller. He began writing it in 1953; the novel was first published in 1961. Often cited as one of the most significant novels of the twentieth century, it uses a distinctive non-chronological third-person omniscient narration, describing events from the points of view of different characters. The separate storylines are out of sequence so the timeline develops along with the plot.
Document 9: 4 3 2 1 (novel): 4 3 2 1 is a novel by Paul Auster published in January 2017. At the time of its publication, it was the first new Auster novel to have appeared in seven years. Auster worked on the book seven days a week for three years and wrote it in long hand. At 866 pages, the novel is much longer than any of his previous works. In September 2017 it was shortlisted for the 2017 Man Booker Prize.
Document 10: Nuruddin Farah: Nuruddin Farah (Somali: "Nuuradiin Faarax" , Arabic: نورالدين فارح‎ ‎ ) (born 24 November 1945) is a Somali novelist. He has also written plays both for stage and radio, as well as short stories and essays. Since leaving Somalia in the 1970s he has lived and taught in numerous countries, including the United States, England, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Sudan, India, Uganda, Nigeria and South Africa.
Document 11: Tony Richards (author): Tony Richards is a dark fantasy or horror author. He was born in 1956 in Greenford, England, and educated at University College School, Hampstead, before going on to study law at Middlesex University. Although he has written science fiction, mystery, and even mainstream stories, he is principally an author of supernatural, dark fantasy, and horror fiction. He has published three full-length novels, five novellas, and more than sixty short stories. His work has seen print in most major genre outlets, and he is a frequent contributor to Cemetery Dance Magazine and to anthologies compiled by the British editor Stephen Jones. An avid traveller, his fiction is often set in locations he has visited, most notably in his 2004 stand-alone novella Postcards from Terri, where the peripatetic heroine of the title goes to Hong Kong, Japan, Africa, Switzerland, Nicaragua, Istanbul, Budapest, Barcelona, Ottawa, Chicago, New York, Vancouver, and San Francisco during the course of the story. It is this quality that prompted the editor, publisher, and critic John Pelan to say of him: "He’s convincing … convincing enough that the locals will read about their city as described by Tony Richards and shudder. And that’s what we call a writers’ writer." He has twice been nominated, first in 1988 for the Bram Stoker Award for Best First Novel for "The Harvest Bride", and then in 2008 for the British Fantasy Award for Best Collection for "Going Back". He is married to Louise Richards, and lives in London. His latest novel, "Dark Rain", is set in the fictional town of Raine’s Landing, Massachusetts, and is intended to be the first of a series of books located there. The second such novel, "Night of Demons", is scheduled for publication in 2009.
Document 12: Isaac in America: A Journey with Isaac Bashevis Singer: Isaac in America: A Journey with Isaac Bashevis Singer
Document 13: Salman Rushdie: Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie, FRSL ( ; Kashmiri: अहमद सलमान रुशदी , ; born 19 June 1947) is a British Indian novelist and essayist. His second novel, "Midnight's Children" (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be "the best novel of all winners" on two separate occasions, marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize. Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent. He combines magical realism with historical fiction; his work is concerned with the many connections, disruptions, and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations.
Document 14: Lavie Tidhar: Lavie Tidhar (Hebrew: לביא תדהר‎ ‎ ) (born 16 November 1976) is an Israeli-born writer, working across multiple genres. He has lived in the United Kingdom and South Africa for long periods of time, as well as Laos and Vanuatu. As of 2013, Tidhar lives in London. His novel "Osama" won the 2012 World Fantasy Award for Best Novel, beating Stephen King's "11/22/63" and George R. R. Martin's "A Dance with Dragons". His novel "A Man Lies Dreaming" won the £5000 Jerwood Fiction Uncovered Prize, for Best British Fiction, in 2015. He won the John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel in 2017, for "Central Station".
Document 15: The Dark Tower: The Wind Through the Keyhole: The Dark Tower: The Wind Through the Keyhole (also known as Dark Tower 4.5) is a fantasy novel by American writer Stephen King, first published on February 21, 2012 by Grant as a limited edition, and later published by Scribner as a trade hardcover (ISBN  ) on April 24, 2012, with ebook and audiobook editions. The audiobook is read by the author. As part of "The Dark Tower" series, it is the eighth novel, but chronologically set between volumes and . First mentioned by King in 2009, after the series had been proclaimed as concluded in 2004 with the publication of the , it was announced on the author's official site on March 10, 2011. A short excerpt was released online on December 19, 2011, the day the limited edition of the novel became available for pre-order.
ground_truth: Lavie Tidhar