Question: Köprülüzade Numan Pasha, was a statesman who was the grand vizier of which empire, founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bicelik Province) by the Oghuz Turkish tribal leader Osman?

full_context: Document 1: Eminönü: Eminönü is a former district of Istanbul in Turkey, currently a quarter of Fatih, the province's capital district. This is the heart of the walled city of Constantine, the focus of a history of incredible richness. Eminönü covers roughly the area on which the ancient Byzantium was built. The Galata Bridge crosses the Golden Horn into Eminönü and the mouth of the Bosphorus opens into the Marmara Sea. And up on the hill stands Topkapı Palace, the Blue Mosque (Sultanahmet Camii) and Hagia Sophia (Aya Sofya). Thus Eminönü is the main tourist destination in Istanbul. It was a part of the Fatih district until 1928, which covered the whole peninsular area (the old Stamboul) within the Roman city walls - that area which was formerly the Byzantine capital Constantinople. Since the resident population of Eminönü is low today, it rejoined the capital district Fatih in 2009.
Document 2: Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha: Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha ("Köprülü Mustafa Pasha the Wise", also known as Gazi Fazıl Mustafa Köprülü (Albanian: Fazil Mustafa Kypriljoti ; 1637 – 19 August 1691, Slankamen) served as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1689 to 1691, when the Empire was engaged in a war against the Holy League countries in the Great Turkish War. He was a member of the Köprülü family of Albanian origin. His father Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, his elder brother Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha, as well as his two brothers-in-law (Kara Mustafa Pasha and Abaza Siyavuş Pasha) were former grand viziers. His epithet "Fazıl" means "wise" in Ottoman Turkish.
Document 3: Byzantine Empire: The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in the East during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium). It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. Both "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" are historiographical terms created after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the "Roman Empire" (Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων , tr. "Basileia tôn Rhōmaiōn" ; Latin: "Imperium Romanum" ), or "Romania" (Ῥωμανία ), and to themselves as "Romans".
Document 4: Dhimitër Jonima: Dhimitër Jonima (? – 1409) was an Albanian nobleman from the Jonima family. Together with other Albanian noblemen he is mentioned as a participant of the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. He suffered another defeat from the Ottoman Empire shortly after the Ottoman forces captured Shkodër in 1393. Then he acted as a mediator between them and Marco Barbadigo, the husband of Helena Thopia who was at that period in possession of Krujë castle. In 1402, as an Ottoman vassal, together with other Albanian noblemen, he fought alongside Bayezid I's forces in the Battle of Ankara. After the Ottoman defeat, he accepted the suzerainty of the Venetian Republic as a vassal of Koja Zaharia. He is last mentioned in the sources in 1409 and is supposed to have died the same year. After his death, Gjon Kastrioti took possession of the Jonima dominions, which became a part of the Principality of Kastrioti. Other members of the Jonima family are mentioned in Shkodër region later, however they never reached the fame of Dhimitër Jonima. Even long after his death, in 1431, upon the defeat of Gjon Kastrioti by Ottoman forces, the lands taken from him and once belonging to Jonima family, were registered by Ottomans as the vilayet of Dhimitër Jonima.
Document 5: Köprülüzade Numan Pasha: Köprülüzade Numan Pasha (Albanian: "Numan Pashë Kypriljoti" ; 1670–1719) was an Ottoman statesman who was the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire between June and August 1710. He was a member of the influential Köprülü family, as well as a "damat" ("bridegroom") to the Ottoman dynasty after marrying an Ottoman princess.
Document 6: Mehmet Fuat Köprülü: Mehmet Fuat Köprülü (December 5, 1890 – June 28, 1966), also known as Köprülüzade Mehmed Fuad, was a highly influential Turcologist, Professor Ordinarius, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey. A descendent of the illustrious Köprülü family, whose influence in shaping Ottoman history between 1656 and 1683 surpassed even that of the House of Osman, Fuat Köprülü was a key figure in the intersection of scholarship and politics in early 20th century Turkey. As a historian and public intellectual, his books, articles, essays and poems forged a “canon of Turkish culture and national identity” that provided the newly formed Republic of Turkey with scholarly sources of Turkishness.
Document 7: Topal Recep Pasha: Topal Recep Pasha ("Recep Pasha "Lame"; died 18 May 1632) was an Ottoman statesman from the Sanjak of Bosnia, as well as Damat ("bridegroom") to the House of Osman. He served as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 10 February 1632 to 18 May 1632. He was instrumental in lynching the former grand vizier, Hafız Ahmet Pasha. When his brother-in-law Sultan Murad IV realized this, he had Recep Pasha executed on 18 May 1632.
Document 8: Ertuğrul: Ertuğrul (Ottoman Turkish: ارطغرل‎ , Ertuğrul Gazi, Erṭoġrıl; often with the title "Gazi") (died c. 1280) was the father of Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire. While his historicity is proven by coins minted by Osman I which identify Ertuğrul as the name of his father, nothing else is known for certain about his life or activities. According to Ottoman tradition, he was the son of Suleyman Shah, leader of the Kayı tribe of Oghuz Turks, who fled from eastern Iran to Anatolia to escape the Mongol Conquests. According to this legend, after the death of his father, Ertuğrul and his followers entered the service of the Seljuks of Rum, for which he was rewarded with dominion over the town of Söğüt on the frontier with the Byzantine Empire. This set off the chain of events that would ultimately lead to the founding of the Ottoman Empire. Like his son, Osman, and their descendants, Ertuğrul is often referred to as a "Ghazi", a heroic champion fighter for the cause of Islam.
Document 9: Ottoman Empire: The Ottoman Empire (; Ottoman Turkish: دولت عليه عثمانیه‎‎ , "Devlet-i ʿAlīye-i ʿOsmānīye ", literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu " or "Osmanlı Devleti "; also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire, Ottoman Turkey or simply Turkey) was an empire founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bicelik Province) by the Oghuz Turkish tribal leader Osman. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe, and with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman Beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror.
Document 10: List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire: The main battles in the history of the Ottoman Empire are shown below. The life span of the empire was more than six centuries, and the maximum territorial extent, at the zenith of its power in the second half of the 16th century, stretched from central Europe to the Persian Gulf and from the Caspian Sea to North Africa. The number of battles the empire fought is quite high. But here only the more important battles are listed. Among these, the battles fought in the 20th century (Turco-Italian War, Balkan Wars, and World War I ) as well as the sieges (like the sieges of Constantinople, Cairo, Belgrade, Bagdad, etc.) which most lists include as battles are not shown except in cases where the siege is followed by a battle (i.e. Vienna, Khotyn, Plevna).
Document 11: Ottoman Greeks: Ottoman Greeks (Greek: Οθωμανοί Έλληνες, Turkish: "Osmanlı Rumları" ) were ethnic Greeks who lived in the Ottoman Empire (1453–1921), the Republic of Turkey's predecessor. Ottoman Greeks, who were Greek Orthodox Christians, belonged to the Rum Millet ("Millet-i Rum"). They were concentrated in what is today modern Greece, eastern Thrace (especially in and around Constantinople), western Asia Minor (especially in and around Smyrna), central Anatolia (especially Cappadocia), northeastern Anatolia (especially in Erzurum vilayet, in and around Trebizond and in the Pontic Mountains, roughly corresponding to the medieval Greek kingdom of Pontus). There were also sizeable Greek communities elsewhere in the Ottoman Balkans, Ottoman Armenia, and the Ottoman Caucasus, including in what, between 1878 and 1917, made up the Russian Caucasus province of Kars Oblast, in which Pontic Greeks, northeastern Anatolian Greeks, and Caucasus Greeks who had collaborated with the Russian Imperial Army in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 were settled in over 70 villages, as part of official Russian policy to re-populate with Orthodox Christians an area that was traditionally made up of Ottoman Muslims and Armenians.
Document 12: Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha: Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha ("Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha the Blind"), also known as Yusuf Ziya Pasha (died 1819), was an Ottoman statesman who twice served as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire in 1798–1805 and 1809–1811. Before, between and after his terms as grand vizier, he served numerous posts as governor of various provinces and districts throughout the empire. As grand vizier, he commanded the Ottoman ground forces against the French Army in the Ottoman reconquest of Egypt and later served as a commander in the Ottoman wars with the Russia Empire.
Document 13: Partition of the Ottoman Empire: The partition of the Ottoman Empire (Armistice of Mudros, 30 October 1918 – Abolition of the Ottoman Sultanate, 1 November 1922) was a political event that occurred after World War I and the occupation of Constantinople by British, French and Italian troops in November 1918. The partitioning was planned in several agreements made by the Allies early in the course of World War I, notably the Sykes-Picot Agreement. As world war loomed, the Ottoman Empire sought protection but was rejected by Britain, France, and Russia, and finally formed the Ottoman–German Alliance. The huge conglomeration of territories and peoples that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire was divided into several new states. The Ottoman Empire had been the leading Islamic state in geopolitical, cultural and ideological terms. The partitioning of the Ottoman Empire led to the rise in the Middle East of Western powers such as Britain and France and brought the creation of the modern Arab world and the Republic of Turkey. Resistance to the influence of these powers came from the Turkish national movement but did not become widespread in the post-Ottoman states until after World War II.
Document 14: Ottoman dynasty: The Ottoman dynasty (Turkish: "Osmanlı Hanedanı" ) was made up of the members of the imperial House of Osman (Ottoman Turkish: خاندان آل عثمان‎ "Ḫānedān-ı Āl-ı ʿOsmān"). Also known as the Ottomans (Turkish: "Osmanlılar" ). According to Ottoman tradition, the family originated from the Kayı tribe branch of the Oghuz Turks, under Osman I in northwestern Anatolia in the district of Bilecik Söğüt. The Ottoman dynasty, named after Osman I, ruled the Ottoman Empire from c. 1299 to 1922.
Document 15: Alaeddin Pasha (vizier): Alaeddin Pasha was the first Ottoman grand vizier. His father's name was Kemalettin, and thus he was usually called "Hacı Kemalettin oğlu Alaeddin Pasha" or "Alaeddin bin Hacı Kemalletin, "meaning "son of Hacı Kemalettin's." He was probably from the town of Cendere, from where the famous Çandarlı family also originated. He was a fakih (expert in Islamic law). He was appointed as the vizier during the last years of Osman I's reign (probably in 1320). He continued during Orhan's Bey's reign. Since there was only one vizier in the divan during the early years of the Ottoman beylik, his title was not actually grand vizier, but his post was equivalent to the post of the later grand viziers. Because of this, he is known as the first grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire.
ground_truth: Ottoman Empire