Question: When did the first franchise McDonaldization is named after open in the country of citizenship of Milton's divorce tract's author?

full_context: Document 1: John Milton: John Milton (9 December 16088 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, man of letters, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem "Paradise Lost" (1667), written in blank verse.
Document 2: Biblical apocrypha: The preface to the Apocrypha in the Geneva Bible explained that while these books ``were not received by a common consent to be read and expounded publicly in the Church, ''and did not serve`` to prove any point of Christian religion save in so much as they had the consent of the other scriptures called canonical to confirm the same,'' nonetheless, ``as books proceeding from godly men they were received to be read for the advancement and furtherance of the knowledge of history and for the instruction of godly manners. ''Later, during the English Civil War, the Westminster Confession of 1647 excluded the Apocrypha from the canon and made no recommendation of the Apocrypha above`` other human writings'', and this attitude towards the Apocrypha is represented by the decision of the British and Foreign Bible Society in the early 19th century not to print it (see below). Today, ``English Bibles with the Apocrypha are becoming more popular again ''and they are often printed as intertestamental books.
Document 3: McDonaldland: McDonaldland was a fantasy world used in the marketing for McDonald's restaurants. McDonaldland was inhabited by Ronald McDonald and other characters. In addition to being used in advertising, the characters were used as the basis for equipment in the ``playplaces ''attached to some McDonald's. McDonaldland and the supporting characters were dropped from McDonald's marketing in 2003, but Ronald McDonald is still seen in commercials and in Happy Meal toys.
Document 4: Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce: The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce: Restor'd to the Good of Both Sexes, From the Bondage of Canon Law was published by John Milton on 1 August 1643. An expanded second edition was published on 2 February 1644. The editions were published anonymously, and his name was not associated with the text until they were denounced before Parliament in August 1644. Milton's basic scriptural argument is that Christ did not abrogate the Mosaic permission for divorce found in Deuteronomy 24:1 because in Matthew 19 he was just addressing a specific audience of Pharisees.
Document 5: When I Consider How My Light is Spent: ``When I Consider How My Light is Spent ''is one of the best known of the sonnets of John Milton (d. 1674). The last three lines (concluding with`` They also serve who only stand and wait.'') are particularly well known, though rarely quoted in context.
Document 6: McDonald's: McDonald's Corporation Type Public Traded as NYSE: MCD DJIA component S&P 100 component S&P 500 component ISIN US5801351017 Industry Restaurants Genre Fast food restaurant Founded McDonald's: May 15, 1940; 78 years ago (1940 - 05 - 15) San Bernardino, California McDonald's Corporation: April 15, 1955; 63 years ago (1955 - 04 - 15) Des Plaines, Illinois Founders McDonald's: Richard and Maurice McDonald McDonald's Corporation: Ray Kroc Headquarters Chicago, Illinois (originally Oak Brook, Illinois) Number of locations 37,241 restaurants (2017) Area served Worldwide Key people Enrique Hernandez, Jr. (Chairman) Steve Easterbrook (President and CEO) Products Hamburgers chicken french fries soft drinks milkshakes salads desserts coffee breakfast wraps Revenue US $22.820 billion (2017) Operating income US $9.553 billion (2017) Net income US $5.192 billion (2017) Total assets US $33.804 billion (2017) Total equity US $- 3.268 billion (2017) Number of employees ~ 235,000 (2017) Website corporate.mcdonalds.com/mcd.html www.mcdonalds.com/us/en-us.html Footnotes / references This box: view talk edit
Document 7: Age of Enlightenment: The influence of science also began appearing more commonly in poetry and literature during the Enlightenment. Some poetry became infused with scientific metaphor and imagery, while other poems were written directly about scientific topics. Sir Richard Blackmore committed the Newtonian system to verse in Creation, a Philosophical Poem in Seven Books (1712). After Newton's death in 1727, poems were composed in his honour for decades. James Thomson (1700–1748) penned his "Poem to the Memory of Newton," which mourned the loss of Newton, but also praised his science and legacy.
Document 8: Milton's divorce tracts: Milton's divorce tracts refer to the four interlinked polemical pamphlets—"The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce", "The Judgment of Martin Bucer", "Tetrachordon", and "Colasterion"—written by John Milton from 1643–1645. They argue for the legitimacy of divorce on grounds of spousal incompatibility. Arguing for divorce at all, let alone a version of no-fault divorce, was extremely controversial and religious figures sought to ban his tracts. Although the tracts were met with nothing but hostility and he later rued publishing them in English at all, they are important for analysing the relationship between Adam and Eve in his epic "Paradise Lost". Spanning three years characterised by turbulent changes in the English printing business, they also provide an important context for the publication of "Areopagitica", Milton's most famous work of prose.
Document 9: McDonald's: McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand. The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona. In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers. McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but moved its global headquarters to Chicago in early 2018.
Document 10: Milton's 1645 Poems: Milton's 1645 "Poems" is a collection, divided into separate English and Latin sections, of the poet's youthful poetry in a variety of genres, including such notable works as "An Ode on the Morning of Christ's Nativity", "Comus", and "Lycidas". Appearing in late 1645 or 1646 (see 1646 in poetry), the octavo volume, whose full title is "Poems of Mr. John Milton both English and Latin, compos'd at several times", was issued by the Royalist publisher Humphrey Moseley. In 1673, a year before his death, Milton issued a revised and expanded edition of the "Poems".
Document 11: History of McDonald's: 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. It is the company's 3000th restaurant.
Document 12: Judgement of Martin Bucer Concerning Divorce: Judgement of Martin Bucer by John Milton was published on 15 July 1644. The work consists mostly of Milton's translations of pro-divorce arguments from Martin Bucer's "De Regno Christi". By finding support for his views among orthodox writers, Milton hoped to sway the members of Parliament Protestant ministers who had condemned him.
Document 13: McWorld: McWorld is a term referring to the spreading of McDonald's restaurants throughout the world as the result of globalization, and more generally to the effects of international 'McDonaldization' of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization as a whole. The name also refers to a 1990s advertising campaign for McDonald's, and to a children's website launched by the firm in 2008.
Document 14: McDonald's: McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016. Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts. In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit. The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company - operated restaurants. According to a BBC report published in 2012, McDonald's is the world's second largest private employer (behind Walmart with 1.9 million employees), 1.5 million of whom work for franchises.
Document 15: History of the hamburger: The modern hamburger was developed in the United States, but by the end of World War II, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. The main cause of this gradual globalization was the successes of the large restaurant chains. Their desires to expand their businesses and increase their profits resulted in them creating franchises around the world. McDonald's was among the very first of the burger chains to take the global establishment of its brand seriously, but it was not the only one. Wimpy began operating in the United Kingdom in 1954, 20 years before McDonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. On August 21, 1971, in Zaandam, near Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Ahold opened its first European franchise. In the 1970s, McDonald's began to expand into Europe and Australia. In Asia, Japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: MOS Burger (モスバーガー, Mosu bāgā), an abbreviation of ``Mountain, Ocean, Sun '', which eventually became a direct competitor to McDonald's. All of its products, however, were variations on the burger adapted to the Asian world, including the teriyaki burger, takumi burger, and riceburger. In Hong Kong, Aji Ichiban competed with large chains before it spread quickly throughout Asia. One of the first hamburger vending machines debuted in Amsterdam in 1941 under the brand FEBO, its name derived from its original place of creation, the Ferdinand Bolstraat.
ground_truth: 1974
sub_queries: Milton's divorce tracts >> author Answer: John Milton
John Milton >> country of citizenship Answer: England
McDonaldization >> named after Answer: McDonald's
when did the first McDonald's open in #2 Answer: 1974