Question: Terephthaloyl chlorideis the acid chloride of terephthalic acid and is one of two monomers used to make a para-aramid synthetic fiber related to other aramids such as Nomex and what

full_context: Document 1: Kevlar: Kevlar is the registered trademark for a para-aramid synthetic fiber, related to other aramids such as Nomex and Technora. Developed by Stephanie Kwolek at DuPont in 1965, this high-strength material was first commercially used in the early 1970s as a replacement for steel in racing tires. Typically it is spun into ropes or fabric sheets that can be used as such or as an ingredient in composite material components.
Document 2: Acrylic fiber: Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers made from a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) with an average molecular weight of ~100,000, about 1900 monomer units. For a fiber to be called "acrylic" in the US, the polymer must contain at least 85% acrylonitrile monomer. Typical comonomers are vinyl acetate or methyl acrylate. DuPont created the first acrylic fibers in 1941 and trademarked them under the name Orlon. It was first developed in the mid-1940s but was not produced in large quantities until the 1950s. Strong and warm, acrylic fiber is often used for sweaters and tracksuits and as linings for boots and gloves, as well as in furnishing fabrics and carpets. It is manufactured as a filament, then cut into short staple lengths similar to wool hairs, and spun into yarn.
Document 3: Phenol: Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula CHOH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group (−CH) bonded to a hydroxyl group (−OH). It is mildly acidic and requires careful handling due to its propensity to cause chemical burns.
Document 4: Polybenzimidazole fiber: Polybenzimidazole (PBI, short for poly[2,2’-("m"-phenylen)-5,5’-bisbenzimidazole]) fiber is a synthetic fiber with a very high melting point. It has exceptional thermal and chemical stability and does not readily ignite. It was first discovered by American polymer chemist Carl Shipp Marvel in the pursuit of new materials with superior stability, retention of stiffness, toughness at elevated temperature. Due to its high stability, polybenzimidazole is used to fabricate high-performance protective apparel such as firefighter’s gear, astronaut space suits, high temperature protective gloves, welders’ apparel and aircraft wall fabrics. In recent years, polybenzimidazole found its application as a membrane in fuel cells.
Document 5: Microfiber: Microfiber (or microfibre) is synthetic fiber finer than one denier or decitex/thread. This is smaller than the diameter of a strand of silk (which is approximately one denier), which is itself about 1/5 the diameter of a human hair. The most common types of microfibers are made from polyesters, polyamides (e.g., nylon, Kevlar, Nomex, trogamide), or a conjugation of polyester, polyamide, and polypropylene. Microfiber is used to make mats, knits, and weaves for apparel, upholstery, industrial filters, and cleaning products. The shape, size, and combinations of synthetic fibers are selected for specific characteristics, including softness, toughness, absorption, water repellency, electrostatics, and filtering capabilities.
Document 6: Terephthaloyl chloride: Terephthaloyl chloride (TCL, 1,4-benzenedicarbonyl chloride) is the acid chloride of terephthalic acid and is one of two monomers used to make Kevlar(R), the other being p-phenylenediamine. Its CAS reference number is 100-20-9 and its chemical formula is C H Cl O .
Document 7: M5 fiber: M5 fiber (polyhydroquinone-diimidazopyridine or PIPD) is a high-strength synthetic fiber first developed by the Dutch chemical firm AkzoNobel. It is produced in the United States by the Magellan Systems International, which became a division of DuPont.
Document 8: Phthalide: Phthalide is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula CHO. It is a lactone that serves as the core chemical structure for a variety of more complex chemical compounds including dyes (such as phenolphthalein), fungicides (such as tetrachlorophthalide, often referred to simply as "phthalide") and natural oils (such as butylphthalide).
Document 9: Methacryloyl chloride: Methacryloyl chloride is the acid chloride of methacrylic acid. It is used to manufacture polymers.
Document 10: Trichloroacetyl chloride: Trichloroacetyl chloride is the acyl chloride of trichloroacetic acid. It can be formed by reacting chlorine with acetyl chloride or acetaldehyde in the presence of activated charcoal. It is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and plant protection compounds.
Document 11: Terephthalic acid: Terephthalic acid (a portmanteau of the turpentine-producing tree terebinthus, and phthalic acid) is the organic compound with formula CH(COH). This white solid is a commodity chemical, used principally as a precursor to the polyester PET, used to make clothing and plastic bottles. Several million tonnes are produced annually.
Document 12: Phthalic acid: Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula CH(COH). It is an isomer of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. Although phthalic acid is of modest commercial importance, the closely related derivative phthalic anhydride is a commodity chemical produced on a large scale.
Document 13: Vinylon: Vinylon, also known as Vinalon, is a synthetic fiber produced from polyvinyl alcohol, using anthracite and limestone as raw materials. Vinylon was first developed in 1939 by Ichiro Sakurada, Ri Sung Gi, and H. Kawakami. Production of this fiber was delayed for World War II. The fiber was largely ignored in Korea until Ri defected to North Korea in 1950. Trial production began in 1954 and in 1961 the massive February 8 Vinylon Complex was built in Hamhung. Vinylon's widespread usage in North Korea is often pointed to as an example of a success of the "juche" philosophy, and it is known as the "juche" fiber.
Document 14: P-Toluic acid: "p"-Toluic acid (4-methylbenzoic acid) is a substituted benzoic acid with the formula CHCHCOOH. It is an intermediate in some industrial processes for the oxidation of "p"-xylene to terephthalic acid which is used in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate. It is a white crystalline solid that is practically insoluble in water, but soluble in acetone.
Document 15: DuPont v. Kolon Industries: DuPont v. Kolon Industries is an intellectual property lawsuit centering on the allegation that Kolon Industries (of ), a South Korea-based company, stole trade secrets concerning the production and marketing of Kevlar from DuPont, an American chemical company. Kevlar is a high strength synthetic fiber used in applications as diverse as bicycle tires and body armor. On September 14, 2011, a jury found in favour of DuPont and awarded damages of $919.9 million. A 2015 settlement reduced the damages to $275 million.
ground_truth: Technora