Question: Are both John Fowles and Mary Gordon, American?

full_context: Document 1: Mary Carruthers: Mary J. Carruthers (born January 15, 1941) is the Erich Maria Remarque Professor of Literature and Professor of English, emerita, at New York University. She also teaches at New York University Abu Dhabi.
Document 2: John Fowles Center for Creative Writing: The John Fowles Center for Creative Writing was created by Mark Axelrod at Chapman University in order to encourage and advance the art and craft of writing including fiction, poetry, drama, creative non-fiction and film. The Center invites students and as well as those in the Orange County community to engage in the literary community at large. Writers from around the world discuss their work in a global and literary context, including subjects such as historical romances and human rights abuse. Each year the Center invites a distinguished group of national and international writers to share their work with the Chapman community, and the Southern California community at large. The center's namesake is taken from the British writer John Fowles.
Document 3: Albert Camus: Albert Camus (] ; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher, author, and journalist. His views contributed to the rise of the philosophy known as absurdism. He wrote in his essay "The Rebel" that his whole life was devoted to opposing the philosophy of nihilism while still delving deeply into individual freedom. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957.
Document 4: The Magus (novel): The Magus (1965) is a postmodern novel by British author John Fowles, telling the story of Nicholas Urfe, a young British graduate who is teaching English on a small Greek island. Urfe becomes embroiled in the psychological illusions of a master trickster, which become increasingly dark and serious. Considered an example of metafiction, it was the first novel written by Fowles, but the third he published. In 1977 he published a revised edition.
Document 5: The Collected Essays and Occasional Writings of Katherine Anne Porter: The Collected Essays and Occasional Writings of Katherine Anne Porter
Document 6: The Fall (Camus novel): The Fall (French: La Chute ) is a philosophical novel by Albert Camus. First published in 1956, it is his last complete work of fiction. Set in Amsterdam, "The Fall" consists of a series of dramatic monologues by the self-proclaimed "judge-penitent" Jean-Baptiste Clamence, as he reflects upon his life to a stranger. In what amounts to a confession, Clamence tells of his success as a wealthy Parisian defense lawyer who was highly respected by his colleagues; his crisis, and his ultimate "fall" from grace, was meant to invoke, in secular terms, The Fall of Man in the Garden of Eden. "The Fall" explores themes of innocence, imprisonment, non-existence, and truth. In a eulogy to Albert Camus, existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre described the novel as "perhaps the most beautiful and the least understood" of Camus' books.
Document 7: The Company of Women (Gordon novel): The Company of Women is a novel by Irish-American author Mary Gordon. First published in 1981, it is a coming-of-age story which details the sheltered upbringing of a well-educated Catholic girl named Felicitas, and how her values are challenged and altered by the turbulence of the 1960s protest movement. The book earned Gordon a second Janet Heidinger Kafka Prize.
Document 8: Gordon Lish: Gordon Lish (born February 11, 1934 in Hewlett, New York) is an American writer. As a literary editor, he championed many American authors, particularly Raymond Carver, Barry Hannah, Amy Hempel, Rick Bass, and Richard Ford. He is the father of the novelist Atticus Lish.
Document 9: The French Lieutenant's Woman: The French Lieutenant's Woman is a 1969 postmodern historical fiction novel by John Fowles. It was his third published novel, after "The Collector" (1963) and "The Magus" (1965). The novel explores the fraught relationship of gentleman and amateur naturalist Charles Smithson and Sarah Woodruff, the former governess and independent woman with whom he falls in love. The novel builds on Fowles' authority in Victorian literature, both following and critiquing many of the conventions of period novels.
Document 10: Mary Mackey: Mary Mackey is an American novelist, poet, and academic. She is the author of seven collections of poetry and fourteen novels, including the "New York Times" best-seller "A Grand Passion" and "The Village of Bones", "The Year The Horses Came", "The Horses At The Gate", and "The Fires of Spring", four sweeping historical novels that take as their subject the earth-centered, Goddess-worshiping cultures of Neolithic Europe. In 2012, her sixth collection of poetry, "Sugar Zone", won a PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award. Her first novel, "Immersion" (Shameless Hussy Press, 1972), was the first novel published by a Second Wave feminist press. Long concerned with environmental issues, Mackey frequently writes about the rainforests of Costa Rica and the Brazilian Amazon. In the early 1970s, as Professor of English and Writer-In-Residence at California State University, Sacramento, she was instrumental in the founding of the CSUS Women’s Studies Program and the CSUS English Department Graduate Creative Writing Program. From 1989-1992, she served as President of the West Coast Branch of PEN American Center involving herself in PEN’s international defense of persecuted writers.
Document 11: John Fowles: John Robert Fowles ( ; 31 March 1926 – 5 November 2005) was an English novelist of international stature, critically positioned between modernism and postmodernism. His work reflects the influence of Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus, among others.
Document 12: Flannery O'Connor: Mary Flannery O'Connor (March 25, 1925August 3, 1964) was an American writer and essayist. She wrote two novels and thirty-two short stories, as well as a number of reviews and commentaries. She was a Southern writer who often wrote in a Southern Gothic style and relied heavily on regional settings and grotesque characters. Her writing also reflected her Roman Catholic faith and frequently examined questions of morality and ethics. Her posthumously compiled "Complete Stories" won the 1972 U.S. National Book Award for Fiction and has been the subject of enduring praise.
Document 13: Mary Gordon (writer): Mary Catherine Gordon (born December 8, 1949) is an American writer and the McIntosh Professor of English at Barnard College. She is best known for her novels, memoirs and literary criticism.
Document 14: Katharine Gordon: Katharine Gordon (born 1916) was a British writer of eight romance novels from 1978 to 2001. By her debut novel "The Emerald Peacock" she won in 1978 the Authors' Club First Novel Award, and in 1979 the Romantic Novel of the Year Award of Special Merit by the Romantic Novelists' Association.
Document 15: A Maggot: A Maggot (1985) is a novel by British author John Fowles. It is Fowles' sixth major novel, following "The Collector, The Magus, The French Lieutenant's Woman, Daniel Martin," and "Mantissa." Its title, as the author explains in the prologue, is taken from the archaic sense of the word that means "whim", "quirk", "obsession", or even a snatch of music (see earworm). Another meaning of the word "maggot" becomes apparent later in the novel, used by a character to describe a white, oblong machine that appears to be a spacecraft. Though the author denied that "A Maggot" is a historical novel, it does take place during a precise historical timeframe, May 1736 to February 1737, in England. It might be variously classified as historical fiction, mystery, or science fiction. Because of the narrative style and various metafictional devices, most critics classify it as a postmodern novel.
ground_truth: no