Question: What American cultural anthropologist earned her Ph.D. from Columbia University and completed a comparative study of tribal men and women on seven Pacific islands?

full_context: Document 1: Oedipus in the Trobriands: Oedipus in the Trobriands is a 1982 book about the Oedipus complex by the anthropologist Melford Spiro, in which the author criticizes the research of Bronislaw Malinowski on the Trobriand Islanders. The work received positive reviews, and Spiro's criticism of Malinowski was compared to Derek Freeman's criticism of Margaret Mead in "Margaret Mead and Samoa" (1983).
Document 2: Margaret Mead: Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist who featured frequently as an author and speaker in the mass media during the 1960s and 1970s. She earned her bachelor's degree at Barnard College in New York City and her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Columbia University.
Document 3: Masters of Sex (book): Masters of Sex: The Life and Times of William Masters and Virginia Johnson, the Couple Who Taught America How to Love is a 2009 biography by Thomas Maier. The book chronicles the early lives and work of two American sexologists, Dr. William Masters and Virginia Johnson, who studied human sexuality from 1957 to the 1990s. The 2013 Showtime television series "Masters of Sex", starring Michael Sheen and Lizzy Caplan, is based on the book.
Document 4: Margaret Mead Award: Margaret Mead Award is an award in the field of anthropology presented (solely) by the Society for Applied Anthropology from 1979 to 1983 and jointly with the American Anthropological Association afterwards. This award was named after anthropologist Margaret Mead, who had a particular talent for bringing anthropology fully into the light of public attention. It is awarded annually but once became every-other-year from 1991 to 1999.
Document 5: The Chrysanthemum and the Sword: The Chrysanthemum and the Sword: Patterns of Japanese Culture is a 1946 study of Japan by American anthropologist Ruth Benedict. It was written at the invitation of the U.S. Office of War Information, in order to understand and predict the behavior of the Japanese in World War II by reference to a series of contradictions in traditional culture. The book was influential in shaping American ideas about Japanese culture during the occupation of Japan, and popularized the distinction between guilt cultures and shame cultures.
Document 6: Gender psychology: Gender is generally conceived as a set of characteristics or traits that are associated with a certain biological sex (male or female). In non-western countries, gender is not always conceived as binary, or strictly linked to biological sex. As a result, in some cultures there are third, fourth, fifth or "some" genders. The characteristics that generally define gender are referred to as "masculine" or "feminine."
Document 7: Mead (crater): Mead is an impact crater on Venus named in honor of the cultural anthropologist Margaret Mead.
Document 8: Lola Romanucci-Ross: Lola Romanucci-Ross is an American cultural anthropologist who has authored and co-authored a number of works on medical, social, and cultural anthropology, with fieldwork in Melanesia (Manus), rural Mexico, and her mother's home town in Italy. She was a long-time friend and collaborator of Margaret Mead, having done fieldwork with her in Manus, and later worked with her then-husband Theodore Schwartz on a team of social science researchers under the guidance of Erich Fromm in rural Mexico.
Document 9: Jayne Mansfield in popular culture: Jayne Mansfield was an actress, singer, playmate and stage show performer who had an enormous impact on popular culture of the late 1950s despite her limited success in Hollywood. She has remained a well-known subject in popular culture ever since. During a period between 1956 and 1957, there were about 122,000 lines of copy and 2,500 photographs that appeared in newspapers. In an article on her in the "St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture" (1999), Dennis Russel said that "Although many people have never seen her movies, Jayne Mansfield remains, long after her death, one of the most recognizable icons of 1950s celebrity culture." In the 2004 novel "Child of My Heart" by Alice McDermott, a National Book Award winning writer, the 1950s is referred to as "in those Marilyn Monroe/Jayne Mansfield days". R. L. Rutsky and Bill Osgerby has claimed that it was Mansfield along with Marilyn Monroe and Brigitte Bardot who made the bikini popular.
Document 10: Margaret Bender: Margaret Clelland Bender is an American anthropologist who specializes in the language and culture of the Cherokee people. She received her Ph.D. in 1996 from the University of Chicago, where she studied with the anthropologist Raymond D. Fogelson. She is currently Associate Professor of anthropology and Chair of the Anthropology Department at Wake Forest University.
Document 11: Difference theory: Difference theory has roots in the studies of John Gumperz, who examined the differences in cross-cultural communication. While difference theory deals with cross-gender communication, the male and female genders are often presented as being two separate cultures, hence the relevance of Gumperz's studies. In her development on the difference theory Deborah Tannen in particular drew on the work of Daniel Maltz and Ruth Borker and their 1982 paper "A Cultural Approach to Male-Female Miscommunication", which itself drew on the work of Gumperz. Mary Talbot makes reference to the term "gender-specific culture" in her critique of the difference theory, and this idea of genders being culturally separated is embodied by the 1992 publication "Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus". Difference theory is often compared with dominance theory and deficit theory, and together with the more contemporary dynamic theory they make up four of the theories most widely referred to and compared in the study of language and gender.
Document 12: Sexual division of labour: The sexual division of labour (SDL) is the delegation of different tasks between males and females. Among human foragers, males and females target different types of foods and share them with each other for a mutual or familial benefit. In some species, males and females eat slightly different foods, while in other species, males and females will routinely share food - but only in humans are these two attributes combined. The few remaining hunter-gatherer populations in the world serve as evolutionary models that can help explain the origin of the sexual division of labor. Many studies on the sexual division of labor have been conducted on hunter-gatherer populations, such as the Hadza, a hunter-gatherer population of Tanzania. Boys and girls are brought up to believe that the main responsibility of women is household work and bringing up children.
Document 13: Longland (Holicong, Pennsylvania): Longland, also known as the Margaret Mead Farmstead, is a historic home located near Holicong, in Buckingham Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. The house was built in 1845, and is a large 2 3/4-story, five bay by two bay, stuccoed stone dwelling. It has Greek Revival design details and features an ornate entranceway with rectangular transom and sidelights. Also on the property is a three-story, stone bank barn dated to 1844. It has an attached one-story stone ell. Other contributing buildings are a two-story, wood frame wagon house and woodshed / garage that abuts the house. It was a childhood home of American anthropologist Margaret Mead (1901-1978). Her family purchased the property in 1912 and sold it in 1926.
Document 14: Male and Female (book): Male and Female is a 1949 comparative study of tribal men and women on seven Pacific islands and men and women in the contemporary (late 1940s) United States by anthropologist Margaret Mead.
Document 15: Women and Economics: Women and Economics – A Study of the Economic Relation Between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution is a book written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and published in 1898. It is considered by many to be her single greatest work, and as with much of Gilman’s writing, the book touched a few dominant themes: the transformation of marriage, the family, and the home, with her central argument: “the economic independence and specialization of women as essential to the improvement of marriage, motherhood, domestic industry, and racial improvement.”
ground_truth: Margaret Mead