Question: A stressed member engine, is a vehicle engine used as an active structural element of the chassis to transmit forces and torques, rather than being passively contained by the chassis with anti-vibration mounts, Automotive engineers use the method for what particular purpose in vehicles, Automobile Engineering is a branch study of engineering which teaches manufacturing, designing, mechanical mechanisms as well operations of automobiles?

full_context: Document 1: Packaging engineering: Packaging engineering, also package engineering, packaging technology and packaging science, is a broad topic ranging from design conceptualization to product placement. All steps along the manufacturing process, and more, must be taken into account in the design of the package for any given product. Package engineering includes industry-specific aspects of industrial engineering, marketing, materials science, industrial design and logistics. Packaging engineers must interact with research and development, manufacturing, marketing, graphic design, regulatory, purchasing, planning and so on. The package must sell and protect the product, while maintaining an efficient, cost-effective process cycle.
Document 2: Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization: Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It is the official journal of the International Society of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. It covers all aspects of designing optimal structures in stressed systems as well as multidisciplinary optimization techniques when one of the disciplines deals with structures (stressed solids) or fluids. The journal's scope ranges from the mathematical foundations of the field to algorithm and software development with benchmark studies to practical applications and case studies in structural, aero-space, mechanical, civil, chemical, and naval engineering. Closely related fields such as computer-aided design and manufacturing, reliability analysis, artificial intelligence, system identification and modeling, inverse processes, computer simulation, and active control of structures are covered when the topic is relevant to optimization. The current editor-in-chief since 2015 is Raphael T. Haftka (University of Florida) since the passage of the founding editor George I. N. Rozvany (Budapest University of Technology and Economics).
Document 3: Mechanical engineering technology: Mechanical Engineering Technology is the application of engineering principles and technological developments for the creation of useful products and/or production machinery.
Document 4: Automobile repair shop: An automobile repair shop (also known as a garage) is a repair shop where automobiles are repaired by auto mechanics and technicians.
Document 5: Engineering apprentice: An engineering apprenticeship in the United Kingdom is an apprenticeship in mechanical engineering or electrical engineering or aeronautical engineering to train craftsmen, technicians, senior technicians, Incorporated Engineers and Chartered Engineer for vocational oriented work and professional practice. Chartered Engineers are usually formed through a university degree programme at the Masters Engineering level and may undertake a short form of post graduate apprenticeship. A typical example is the apprenticeships formerly available at the BTH and EEC at Rugby in England. Subjects covered included mathematics, engineering sciences, limits and fits, metallurgy, foundry technology, engineering drawing, design, materials science for engineering materials, metalworking by hand, operating machine tools, and basic features of engineering design. Also refer to apprenticeship and the UK and German section. Elite technical apprenticeships (4-6 years long) have been a decades long tradition at UK companies such as BAE Systems, Rolls-Royce Holdings, Bombardier Aerospace (Short Brothers), and Babcock International.
Document 6: Automotive engineering: Automobile Engineering is a branch study of engineering which teaches manufacturing, designing, mechanical mechanisms as well operations of automobiles.
Document 7: List of engineering schools: Engineering education at the higher education level includes both undergraduate and graduate levels. Schools which provide such education are typically part of a university, institute of technology, or polytechnic institute. Such scholastic divisions for engineering are generally referred to by several different names, the most common being College of Engineering or School of Engineering, and typically consist of several departments, each of which has its own faculty and teaches a certain branch of engineering. Students frequently specialize in specific branches of engineering, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, chemical engineering, or civil engineering, or others.
Document 8: Internal combustion engine: An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine, the expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion applies direct force to some component of the engine. The force is applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, rotor or a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into useful mechanical energy.
Document 9: Crankshaft deep rolling: Deep rolling is a method of cold work deformation and burnishing of internal combustion engine crankshaft journal fillets to increase durability and design safety factors. Compressive residual stresses can be measured below the surface of a deep-rolled fillet. Other types of fillets on shafts or tubes can also benefit from this method. Cast iron crankshafts will experience the most improvement potentially doubling their fatigue life. Typically the crankshaft is machined with under-cut fillets as opposed to tangential radiused for ease of manufacture, although all types can be deep-rolled. Most automakers are currently utilizing this crankshaft technology including: General Motors LLC, Ford Motor Company, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) The North American based Hegenscheidt-MFD Corporation in Sterling Heights, MI, was established in 1966. Ingersoll CM Systems of Midland, Michigan with Global HQ located in Dalian, China and European based SPMS in Evry, France (established 1974), are the only major machine/tooling manufacturers of this application in Europe and North America, supplying a highly specialised product throughout the global manufacturing sectors.
Document 10: Stressed member engine: A stressed member engine is a vehicle engine used as an active structural element of the chassis to transmit forces and torques, rather than being passively contained by the chassis with anti-vibration mounts. Automotive engineers use the method for weight reduction and mass centralization in vehicles. Applications are found in several vehicles where mass reduction is critical for performance reasons, usually after several iterations of conventional frame/chassis designs have been employed.
Document 11: Column: A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. The term column applies especially to a large round support (the "shaft" of the column) with a capital and a "base" or pedestal and made of stone, or appearing to be so. A small wooden or metal support is typically called a post, and supports with a rectangular or other non-round section are usually called piers. For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces. Other compression members are often termed "columns" because of the similar stress conditions. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. In architecture, "column" refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features. A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are "engaged", that is to say form part of a wall.
Document 12: Body flex: Body flex is a lack of rigidity in a motor vehicle's chassis. It is often something to be avoided by car manufacturers as higher levels of body flex is a sign of structural weakness, and means that the vehicle's suspension cannot work as efficiently - the body takes up some of the 'slack', rather than the parts of the car which were specifically designed for this purpose. A chassis that flexes may be prone to fatigue and further "softening" with use will eventually result in failure. Cars of a sporting nature are, therefore, often very 'stiff', while convertibles or cabriolets are not often considered to be good candidates for high-performance sports cars because of their lack of a rigid roof.
Document 13: Race engineer: A race engineer is a motorsport team member whose role is to communicate with the data analyst as well as the mechanics to determine the changes to be made to the vehicle. Off the race track, the race engineer analyzes historical data to determine the initial set up for the next race event. The race engineer function includes hands-on management of the vehicle mechanics, organizing testing schedule, as well as studying the regulations. The race engineer seeks to make all these activities occur as seamlessly as possible for their driver.
Document 14: Computer engineering: Computer engineering is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and computer science required to develop computer hardware and software. Computer engineers usually have training in electronic engineering (or electrical engineering), software design, and hardware–software integration instead of only software engineering or electronic engineering. Computer engineers are involved in many hardware and software aspects of computing, from the design of individual microcontrollers, microprocessors, personal computers, and supercomputers, to circuit design. This field of engineering not only focuses on how computer systems themselves work, but also how they integrate into the larger picture.
Document 15: Floating Power: Floating Power was a technology developed in the 1920s by the United States automobile firm of Chrysler, credited mostly to the engineering of Owen Ray Skelton. It was a new means of attaching an engine to its chassis, with the intention of reducing vibration. Four-cylinder engines of the day started and rode rather roughly, transmitting the torque to the whole chassis. By attaching the engine at only two points ("fore-and-aft"), on two points defining an axis that passes through the engine's center of mass, the engine would be able to rotate slightly about this axis and reduce the transmission of torsional vibration to the chassis. One mounting attachment was at the upper front of the engine, directly below the water pump. The rear mount was under the transmission case. A transverse spring went from the bottom of the engine to a snubber bracket on the frame rail to limit the rotational travel of the engine. The bracket was lined with rubber.
ground_truth: weight reduction and mass centralization