Question: What is the year of the event which occured first, Carnival! was produced, or Gower Champion was born?

full_context: Document 1: Fred Astaire: Fred Astaire (born Frederick Austerlitz; May 10, 1899 – June 22, 1987) was an American dancer, singer, actor, choreographer and television presenter.
Document 2: Gwen Verdon: Gwyneth Evelyn “Gwen” Verdon (January 13, 1925 – October 18, 2000) was an American actress and dancer. She won four Tony awards for her musical comedy performances and served as uncredited choreographers assistant and specialty dance coach for both theater and film. With flaming red hair and a quaver in her voice, Verdon was a critically acclaimed performer on Broadway in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970's. Having originated many roles in musicals she is also strongly identified with her second husband, director–choreographer Bob Fosse, remembered as the dancer–collaborator–muse for whom he choreographed much of his work and as the guardian of his legacy after his death.
Document 3: Bob Fosse: Robert Louis Fosse (June 23, 1927 – September 23, 1987) was an American dancer, musical theatre choreographer, director, screenwriter, film director and actor.
Document 4: Juan Darién: A Carnival Mass: The Obie award–winning score for Juan Darién: A Carnival Mass was first composed by Elliot Goldenthal circa 1988 when the musical first opened off-Broadway in a small former church and was subsequently reworked and refined for the on-Broadway release of the show in 1996.
Document 5: Milton Rosenstock: Milton Rosenstock (June 9, 1917, New Haven, Connecticut - April 24, 1992, New York City) was an American conductor, composer, and arranger. Trained at the Juilliard School, he was highly active as a musical director for Broadway musicals from 1942 through 1980; serving in that capacity for 29 productions, including the original productions of "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" (1949), "Can-Can" (1953), "Bells Are Ringing" (1956), "Stop the World – I Want to Get Off" (1962), "Oliver!" (1963), "Funny Girl" (1964), and "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum" (1972). He also composed the music for the 1973 revue "Nash at Nine" and worked as musical supervisor for the 1989 production of "Meet Me in St. Louis"; the latter of which was his last project on Broadway. In 1948 he won the Tony Award for Best Conductor and Musical Director for "Finian's Rainbow". He was nominated twice more for that award: for "The Vamp" (1956) and the original Broadway production of "" (1960). He served as the music director of the Lyric Chamber Theater during the 1960s and was the music director of the American Ballet Theatre during the late 1960s. From 1981 until his death eleven years later of heart disease he was principal conductor of the Dance Theater of Harlem.
Document 6: Gower Champion: Gower Carlyle Champion (June 22, 1919 – August 25, 1980) was an American actor, theatre director, choreographer, and dancer.
Document 7: Carnival!: Carnival! is a musical, originally produced by David Merrick on Broadway in 1961, with the book by Michael Stewart and music and lyrics by Bob Merrill. The musical is based on the 1953 film "Lili". The show's title originally used an exclamation point; it was eventually dropped during the show's run, as director Gower Champion felt it gave the wrong impression, saying, "It's not a blockbuster. It's a gentle show."
Document 8: Gene Kelly: Eugene Curran Kelly (August 23, 1912 – February 2, 1996) was an American dancer, actor of film, stage and television, singer, film director, producer, and choreographer. He was known for his energetic and athletic dancing style, his good looks, and the likeable characters that he played on screen.
Document 9: Gregory Hines: Gregory Oliver Hines (February 14, 1946 – August 9, 2003) was an American dancer, actor, singer, and choreographer.
Document 10: Don't Rain on My Parade: "Don't Rain on My Parade" is a popular song from the 1964 musical "Funny Girl". It was also featured in the 1968 movie version of the musical. The song was written by Bob Merrill and Jule Styne. Both the movie and stage versions feature Barbra Streisand performing the song. In 2004 it finished No. 46 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema.
Document 11: Sweet Charity: Sweet Charity is a musical with music by Cy Coleman, lyrics by Dorothy Fields and book by Neil Simon. It was directed and choreographed for Broadway by Bob Fosse starring his wife and muse Gwen Verdon alongside John McMartin. It is based on Federico Fellini's screenplay for "Nights of Cabiria". However, where Fellini's black-and-white Italian film concerns the romantic ups-and-downs of an ever-hopeful dance hall hostess, in the musical the central character is a dancer-for-hire at a Times Square dance hall. The musical premiered on Broadway in 1966, where it was nominated for 9 Tony Awards, and also ran in the West End as well as having revivals and international productions.
Document 12: 42nd Street (musical): 42nd Street is an American musical with a book by Michael Stewart and Mark Bramble, lyrics by Al Dubin and Johnny Mercer, and music by Harry Warren. The 1980 Broadway production, produced by David Merrick, directed by an ailing Gower Champion and orchestrated by Philip J. Lang, won the Tony Award for Best Musical and became a long-running hit. The show was produced in London in 1984 (winning the Olivier Award for Best Musical) and its 2001 Broadway revival won the Tony for Best Revival.
Document 13: Carousel (film): Carousel is a 1956 film adaptation of the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein stage musical of the same name which, in turn, was based on Ferenc Molnár's non-musical play "Liliom". The 1956 "Carousel" film stars Gordon MacRae and Shirley Jones, and was directed by Henry King. Like the original stage production, the film contains what many critics consider some of Rodgers and Hammerstein's most beautiful songs, as well as what may be, along with the plots of "Allegro" and "South Pacific", the most serious storyline found in their musicals.
Document 14: Carmen Jones: Carmen Jones is a 1943 Broadway musical with music by Georges Bizet (orchestrated for Broadway by Robert Russell Bennett) and lyrics and book by Oscar Hammerstein II which was performed at The Broadway Theatre. Conceptually, it is Bizet's opera "Carmen" updated to a World War II-era African-American setting. (Bizet's opera was, in turn, based on the 1846 novella by Prosper Mérimée.) The Broadway musical was produced by Billy Rose, using an all-black cast, and directed by Hassard Short. Robert Shaw prepared the choral portions of the show.
Document 15: Jerome Robbins: Jerome Robbins (October 11, 1918 – July 29, 1998) was an American choreographer, director, dancer, and theater producer who worked in classical ballet, on Broadway, and in films and television. Among his numerous stage productions he worked on were "On the Town", "Peter Pan", "High Button Shoes", "The King And I", "The Pajama Game", "Bells Are Ringing", "West Side Story", "", and "Fiddler on the Roof"; Robbins was a five time Tony Award winner and a recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors. He received two Academy Awards, including the 1961 Academy Award for Best Director with Robert Wise for "West Side Story". A documentary about his life and work, "Something to Dance About", featuring excerpts from his journals, archival performance and rehearsal footage, and interviews with Robbins and his colleagues, premiered on PBS in 2009 and won both an Emmy and a Peabody Award the same year.
ground_truth: 1919