Question: Who started the Bethel branch of the religion founded by the black community in the city Andrea Kremer was born?

full_context: Document 1: Deb Carson: Deb Carson is an award-winning American radio and television personality and national sports anchor for Fox Sports Radio. She currently anchors the network's National Sports Reports weekdays during "The Dan Patrick Show", "The Rich Eisen Show", and "The Herd with Colin Cowherd" . She was previously Co-Host of FSR's nationally syndicated morning drive show, "The Stephen A. Smith Show." Carson has been a frequent sports contributor to a variety of media outlets, including KFI's "The Bill Handel Show" and Premiere Networks' “America Now with Meghan McCain” and “America Now with Andy Dean,” for which she was named Outstanding Reporter/Correspondent at the 2012 Gracie Awards.
Document 2: Thursday Night Football: Thursday Night Football Thursday Night Football logo since 2016 Also known as Run to the Playoffs (2006 -- present) Thursday Night Football on NFL Network (2006 -- present) Thursday Night Football on CBS (2014 -- present) NBC Thursday Night Football (2016 -- present) NFL Network Special (2017 -- present) Genre NFL football telecasts Presented by Jim Nantz Tony Romo Tracy Wolfson James Brown Bill Cowher Deion Sanders Rich Eisen Marshall Faulk Steve Mariucci Michael Irvin Greg Gumbel Trent Green Mike Tirico Cris Collinsworth Kurt Warner Heather Cox Liam McHugh Tony Dungy Rodney Harrison Theme music composer Helmut VonLichten (CBS) Jimmy Greco (NBC) Opening theme ``TNF 32 ''(CBS)`` Ca n't Hold Us Down'' (NBC) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 12 (NFL Network seasons) 4 (CBS seasons) 2 (NBC seasons) No. of episodes 57 (games) Production Location (s) Various NFL stadiums (game telecasts, pregame, halftime and postgame shows) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 180 minutes or until game ends (inc. adverts) Production company (s) National Football League NFL Network (2006 -- present) CBS Sports (2014 -- present) NBC Sports (2016 -- present) Release Original network NFL Network (2006 -- present) CBS (2014 -- present; select games) NBC (2016 -- present; select games) Universo via Telemundo Deportes (2016 -- present; Spanish simulcasts on select games) Amazon Prime Video (2017; select games) Picture format 480i (SDTV), 1080i (HDTV) Original release November 23, 2006 (2006 - 11 - 23) -- present Chronology Related shows NFL on CBS NFL on NBC The NFL Today Football Night in America NBC Sunday Night Football External links Website www.nfl.com/tnf
Document 3: Andrea Kremer: Andrea Kremer (born February 25, 1959 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a multi-Emmy Award Winning American television sports journalist. She currently calls "Thursday Night Football" games for Amazon Prime Video making sports history, along with Hannah Storm, by becoming the first all-women booth to call any major men's team sport, not just football.. Kremer is also Chief Correspondent for the NFL Network and previously led the network's coverage and in-depth reporting on health and safety. Her other current roles include correspondent for HBO's "Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel" as well as co-host of "We Need To Talk", the first ever all-female nationally televised weekly sports show on CBS. Until the 2011 season, she worked as a sideline reporter for NBC on the network's coverage of "Sunday Night Football".
Document 4: Daniel Arnall: Daniel Arnall is a television news executive currently running the Nightly News franchise on weekends for NBC News, after taking over for Jamie Kraft who moved to MSNBC. Arnall previously ran the editorial operations at Bloomberg Television's US channel, was previously a senior producer for business coverage at ABC News, and the senior producer for domestic news at World News with Diane Sawyer. He won an Emmy Award for coverage of troubled pension systems in the United States. Arnall is a graduate of the University of Missouri's School of Journalism and the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia University.
Document 5: Baptists: Leading up to the American Civil War, Baptists became embroiled in the controversy over slavery in the United States. Whereas in the First Great Awakening, Methodist and Baptist preachers had opposed slavery and urged manumission, over the decades they made more of an accommodation with the institution. They worked with slaveholders in the South to urge a paternalistic institution. Both denominations made direct appeals to slaves and free blacks for conversion. The Baptists particularly allowed them active roles in congregations. By the mid-19th century, northern Baptists tended to oppose slavery. As tensions increased, in 1844 the Home Mission Society refused to appoint a slaveholder as a missionary who had been proposed by Georgia. It noted that missionaries could not take servants with them, and also that the Board did not want to appear to condone slavery.
Document 6: Charleston, South Carolina: In Charleston, the African American population increased as freedmen moved from rural areas to the major city: from 17,000 in 1860 to over 27,000 in 1880. Historian Eric Foner noted that blacks were glad to be relieved of the many regulations of slavery and to operate outside of white surveillance. Among other changes, most blacks quickly left the Southern Baptist Church, setting up their own black Baptist congregations or joining new African Methodist Episcopal Church and AME Zion churches, both independent black denominations first established in the North. Freedmen "acquired dogs, guns, and liquor (all barred to them under slavery), and refused to yield the sidewalks to whites".
Document 7: Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church: The church was organized by African - American members of St. George's Methodist Church who walked out due to racial segregation in the worship services. Mother Bethel was one of the first African - American churches in the United States, dedicated July 29, 1794, by Bishop Francis Asbury. On October 12, 1794, Reverend Robert Blackwell announced that the congregation was received in full fellowship in the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1816 Rev Richard Allen brought together other black Methodist congregations from the region to organize the new African Methodist Episcopal Church denomination. He was elected bishop of this denomination. After the American Civil War, its missionaries went to the South to help freedmen and planted many new churches in the region.
Document 8: Philadelphia: The state government left Philadelphia in 1799, and the federal government was moved to Washington, DC in 1800 with completion of the White House and Capitol. The city remained the young nation's largest with a population of nearly 50,000 at the turn of the 19th century; it was a financial and cultural center. Before 1800, its free black community founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), the first independent black denomination in the country, and the first black Episcopal Church. The free black community also established many schools for its children, with the help of Quakers. New York City soon surpassed Philadelphia in population, but with the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, Philadelphia became the first major industrial city in the United States.
Document 9: Baptists: As early as the late 18th century, black Baptists began to organize separate churches, associations and mission agencies, especially in the northern states. Not only did blacks set up some independent congregations in the South before the American Civil War, freedmen quickly separated from white congregations and associations after the war. They wanted to be free of white supervision. In 1866 the Consolidated American Baptist Convention, formed from black Baptists of the South and West, helped southern associations set up black state conventions, which they did in Alabama, Arkansas, Virginia, North Carolina, and Kentucky. In 1880 black state conventions united in the national Foreign Mission Convention, to support black Baptist missionary work. Two other national black conventions were formed, and in 1895 they united as the National Baptist Convention. This organization later went through its own changes, spinning off other conventions. It is the largest black religious organization and the second largest Baptist organization in the world. Baptists are numerically most dominant in the Southeast. In 2007, the Pew Research Center's Religious Landscape Survey found that 45% of all African-Americans identify with Baptist denominations, with the vast majority of those being within the historically black tradition.
Document 10: Philadelphia: The area's many universities and colleges make Philadelphia a top international study destination, as the city has evolved into an educational and economic hub. With a gross domestic product of $388 billion, Philadelphia ranks ninth among world cities and fourth in the nation. Philadelphia is the center of economic activity in Pennsylvania and is home to seven Fortune 1000 companies. The Philadelphia skyline is growing, with several nationally prominent skyscrapers. The city is known for its arts, culture, and history, attracting over 39 million domestic tourists in 2013. Philadelphia has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city, and Fairmount Park is the largest landscaped urban park in the world. The 67 National Historic Landmarks in the city helped account for the $10 billion generated by tourism. Philadelphia is the birthplace of the United States Marine Corps, and is also the home of many U.S. firsts, including the first library (1731), first hospital (1751) and medical school (1765), first Capitol (1777), first stock exchange (1790), first zoo (1874), and first business school (1881). Philadelphia is the only World Heritage City in the United States.
Document 11: Baptists: In May 1845, the Baptist congregations in the United States split over slavery and missions. The Home Mission Society prevented slaveholders from being appointed as missionaries. The split created the Southern Baptist Convention, while the northern congregations formed their own umbrella organization now called the American Baptist Churches USA (ABC-USA). The Methodist Episcopal Church, South had recently separated over the issue of slavery, and southern Presbyterians would do so shortly thereafter.
Document 12: Congress Hall: Philadelphia served as the capital of the United States both during and immediately after the American Revolutionary War. Independence Hall, located next door, served as the meeting place of the Continental Congress until the Pennsylvania Mutiny in June 1783. The failure of the Pennsylvania government to protect Congress from a mob of angry mutineers caused the representatives to withdraw to Princeton, New Jersey. The national capital then moved to Annapolis, Maryland in November 1783, then to Trenton, New Jersey in November 1784 before finally moving to New York City in January 1785. State delegates did not return to Independence Hall in Philadelphia until the United States Constitutional Convention in 1787; however, remained the official capital even during the convention. Designed by architect Samuel Lewis, Congress Hall was originally built to serve as the Philadelphia County Courthouse; construction began in 1787 and was completed two years later.
Document 13: NBC Sunday Night Football: NBC Sunday Night Football NBC Sunday Night Football logo Also known as Sunday Night Football on NBC Genre American football telecasts Directed by Drew Esocoff Presented by Commentators: English: Cris Collinsworth Al Michaels Michele Tafoya Studio hosts: Tony Dungy Rodney Harrison Mike Tirico Liam McHugh Spanish: René Giraldo Edgar López Theme music composer John Williams (main theme) Chris DeStefano, Brett James and Priscilla Renea (opening theme) Opening theme ``Oh, Sunday Night ''performed by Carrie Underwood Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 13 No. of episodes 245 (as of January 13, 2018) Production Producer (s) Fred Gaudelli Location (s) Various NFL stadiums (game telecasts and Super Bowl pre-game shows) Pre-game show: Studio 8G / 8H, GE Building, New York City (2006 -- 2013) NBC Sports Headquarters, Stamford, Connecticut (2014 -- present) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 210 minutes or until game ends (inc. adverts) Production company (s) National Football League NBC Sports Release Original network NBC Universo via Telemundo Deportes (2014 -- present) (Spanish simulcasts of select games) Picture format 480i (SDTV) 1080i (HDTV) Original release August 6, 2006 (2006 - 08 - 06) -- present Chronology Preceded by ESPN Sunday Night Football Related shows NFL on NBC Football Night in America External links Website
Document 14: Philadelphia: Philadelphia is home to many national historical sites that relate to the founding of the United States. Independence National Historical Park is the center of these historical landmarks being one of the country's 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions. Other historic sites include homes for Edgar Allan Poe, Betsy Ross, and Thaddeus Kosciuszko, early government buildings like the First and Second Banks of the United States, Fort Mifflin, and the Gloria Dei (Old Swedes') Church. Philadelphia alone has 67 National Historic Landmarks, the third most of any city in the country.
Document 15: Philadelphia: Throughout the 19th century, Philadelphia had a variety of industries and businesses, the largest being textiles. Major corporations in the 19th and early 20th centuries included the Baldwin Locomotive Works, William Cramp and Sons Ship and Engine Building Company, and the Pennsylvania Railroad. Industry, along with the U.S. Centennial, was celebrated in 1876 with the Centennial Exposition, the first official World's Fair in the United States. Immigrants, mostly Irish and German, settled in Philadelphia and the surrounding districts. The rise in population of the surrounding districts helped lead to the Act of Consolidation of 1854, which extended the city limits of Philadelphia from the 2 square miles of present-day Center City to the roughly 130 square miles of Philadelphia County.
ground_truth: Bishop Francis Asbury
sub_queries: What religion did the black community found? Answer: African Methodist Episcopal Church
What is Andrea Kremer's birthplace? Answer: Philadelphia
who started the bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in #2 Answer: Bishop Francis Asbury