Question: When did the country where the birthplace of Joseph Janse is located, refuse to surrender Namibia?

full_context: Document 1: Eswatini: In 1903, after British victory in the Anglo-Boer war, Swaziland became a British protectorate. Much of its early administration (for example, postal services) being carried out from South Africa until 1906 when the Transvaal colony was granted self-government. Following this, Swaziland was partitioned into European and non-European (or native reserves) areas with the former being two-thirds of the total land. Sobhuza's official coronation was in December 1921 after the regency of Labotsibeni after which he led an unsuccessful deputation to the Privy council in London in 1922 regarding the issue of the land.
Document 2: Namibia: Uprisings and demands by African leaders led the UN to assume direct responsibility over the territory. It recognised the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) as the official representative of the Namibian people in 1973. Namibia, however, remained under South African administration during this time as South-West Africa. Following internal violence, South Africa installed an interim administration in Namibia in 1985. Namibia obtained full independence from South Africa in 1990, with the exception of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands, which remained under South African control until 1994.
Document 3: Namibia: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal.
Document 4: Boschmanskop No 1 Dam: Boschmanskop No 1+2 Dam, is an earth-fill type dam on the Woes-Alleen River, near Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1995. Its primary purpose is flood control and it is owned by Optimum Colliery Pullen's Hope.
Document 5: David Friesenhausen: In 1756, David Friesenhausen was born in Friesenhausen, a small community in southern Germany, northeast of Frankfurt. In 1783, Friesenhausen married, but was divorced four years later. For the first 30 years of his life, Friesenhausen dedicated himself exclusively Torah study. His teachers included Joseph Steinhardt at Fürth and Moses Sofer of Pressburg. The latter attested that Friesenhausen was one of the outstanding students in his yeshiva. In 1786, Friesenhausen began immersing himself in various secular subjects, including math, astronomy, and philosophy.
Document 6: Joseph Janse: Joseph Janse (August 19, 1909 in Middelburg, Netherlands – December 18, 1985), was the third child of Jan Pieter and Gertrude (De Voogd) Janse. Arriving in the US at age 6, he attended the Weber County, Utah public schools, and he received two years of Pre-medical education at Weber State College by 1930. After three years in Europe as a missionary, he transferred to University of Utah to complete his pre-medical studies. He entered National College of Chiropractic in the spring of 1935 and received both the DC and ND degrees on June 17, 1938. On June 24, 1938 he married Gloria Julie Schade in Utah and they had three children.
Document 7: Cecil Jacobson: Jacobson was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. A graduate of Brown University and Middlesex Medical School, he became a researcher at George Washington University, but had no specialist training in infertility medicine.
Document 8: Joachim Prinz: At 21, Joachim Prinz received his Ph.D. in Philosophy, and had minored in Art History, at the University of Giessen. He was ordained as a rabbi at the Jewish Theological Seminary in Breslau. He married Lucie Horovitz, the daughter of the seminary's most prominent professor. She died in Berlin shortly after giving birth to their daughter Lucie. Prinz married Hilde Goldschmidt in 1932. They had three children, Michael (born in Berlin), Jonathan and Deborah (both born in the United States)
Document 9: Nooitgedacht Dam: Nooitgedacht Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Komati River in South Africa. It was established in 1962 and serves mainly for irrigation purposes as well as municipal and industrial use. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Document 10: Kwena Dam: Kwena Dam is a combined gravity & arch type dam located on the Crocodile River, near Lydenburg, Mpumalanga province, South Africa. It was established in 1984 and it serves mainly for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
Document 11: Languages of Namibia: Namibia, despite its scant population, is home to a wide diversity of languages, from multiple language families: Indo - European, Bantu, and the various Khoisan families. When Namibia was administered by South Africa, Afrikaans, German, and English enjoyed an equal status as official languages. Upon Namibian independence in 1990, English was enshrined as the nation's sole official language in the constitution of Namibia. German and Afrikaans were stigmatised as having colonial overtones, while the rising of Mandela's Youth League and the 1951 Defiance Campaign spread English among the masses as the language of the campaign against apartheid.
Document 12: Molteno Dam: Molteno Dam is a small but historic dam, on the lower slopes of Table Mountain in Western Cape, South Africa. Still in service, it was established in 1877 and is now located in the suburb of Oranjezicht, Cape Town.
Document 13: Namibia: The dry lands of Namibia were inhabited since early times by San, Damara, and Namaqua, and since about the 14th century AD by immigrating Bantu who came with the Bantu expansion. Most of the territory became a German Imperial protectorate in 1884 and remained a German colony until the end of World War I. In 1920, the League of Nations mandated the country to South Africa, which imposed its laws and, from 1948, its apartheid policy. The port of Walvis Bay and the offshore Penguin Islands had been annexed by the Cape Colony under the British crown by 1878 and had become an integral part of the new Union of South Africa at its creation in 1910.
Document 14: Johannes V. Jensen: He was born in Farsø, a village in North Jutland, Denmark, as the son of a veterinary surgeon and he grew up in a rural environment. While studying medicine at the University of Copenhagen he worked as a writer to fund his studies. After three years of studying he chose to change careers and devote himself fully to literature.
Document 15: Theewaterskloof Dam: Theewaterskloof Dam is an earth-fill type dam located on the Sonderend River near Villiersdorp, Western Cape, South Africa. Administratively it is located within Theewaterskloof Local Municipality. It was established in 1978 and is the largest dam in the Western Cape Water Supply System with a capacity of 480 million cubic metres, about 41% of the water storage capacity available to Cape Town, which has a population of over 4 million people. The dam mainly serves for municipal and industrial use as well as for irrigation purposes. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).
ground_truth: 1946
sub_queries: Joseph Janse >> place of birth Answer: Middelburg
Middelburg >> country Answer: South Africa
When did South Africa refuse to surrender Namibia? Answer: 1946