Question: Who is the first African prime minister to come to power where the person who argued that it was the role of governments to protect individual rights is a citizen?

full_context: Document 1: Ajay Binay Institute of Technology: Ajay Binay Institute of Technology is an ISO 9000:2000 certified institution in Cuttack, Odisha, India, affiliated to the Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar. The institute was established in 1998 and is affiliated to AICTE. The campus is located within the city limits of cuttack and has a total student strength of over 2000. The main campus houses the Administrative block, Engineering, MBA and Architecture wings. The ITC wing is located in a second campus within a distance of 5 km from the main campus. The post graduate courses are conducted from the main campus.
Document 2: War in Darfur: The scale of the crisis led to warnings of an imminent disaster, with United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan warning about the risk of genocide. The scale of the Janjaweed campaign led to comparisons with the Rwandan Genocide, a parallel denied by the Sudanese government. Independent observers noted that the tactics, which included dismemberment and killing of noncombatants, including young children and infants, were more akin to the ethnic cleansing used in the Yugoslav wars and warned that the region's remoteness meant that hundreds of thousands of people were effectively cut off from aid. The Brussels-based International Crisis Group had reported in May 2004 that over 350,000 people could potentially die as a result of starvation and disease.
Document 3: Ghana-India Kofi Annan Centre of Excellence in ICT: The Ghana-India Kofi Annan Centre of Excellence in ICT is Ghana’s first Advanced Information Technology Institute (AITI) l. It was established in 2003, through a partnership between the Government of Ghana and the Government of India.
Document 4: Nkawie: Nkawie is a large agrarian and service town and the capital of Atwima Nwabiagya Municipality, a district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Nkawie is located on the western stretch of the Kumasi Bibiani road and bounded by two other major towns. - Toase and Abuakwa. It is home to prosperous business men in Ghana. There is a government hospital, a fire service station, a secondary technical institution and other government institutions like the courts, education offices, health insurance office, post office and the new immigration offices. The Forestry Commission is the second highest revenue earner in the forestry services in Ghana. The Owabi dam also supplies water to the south of the municipality. The famous Barekese dam also located in the Municipality supplies water to about 75% of Kumasi. Politically, the Town is an electoral bank for the New Patriotic Party. Nkawie is the home town of former Ghanaian president John Kufuor.
Document 5: Human rights in the Philippines: The Philippines is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) drafted by the United Nations (UN) in the 1948. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted, alongside the Genocide Convention and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, by the United Nations in response to the tragic and horrendous violations of human rights during the Second World War. The United Nations Charter, a treaty, was created in order to define what roles, powers, and duties the United Nations is allowed to practice in dealing with international relations. Article I of the UN Charter states that the UN aims:
Document 6: Responsibility to protect: The norm of the R2P was borne out of the international community's failure to respond to tragedies such as the Rwandan Genocide in 1994 and the Srebrenica massacre in 1995. Kofi Annan, who was Assistant Secretary - General at the UN Department for Peacekeeping Operations during the Rwandan genocide, realized the international community's failure to respond. In the wake of the Kosovo intervention, 1999, Annan insisted that traditional notions of sovereignty had been redefined: ``States are now widely understood to be instruments at the service of their peoples '', he said, while U.S. President Bill Clinton cited human rights concerns in 46% of the hundreds of remarks that he made justifying intervention in Kosovo. In 2000, and in his capacity as UN Secretary - General, Annan wrote the report`` We the Peoples'' on the role of the United Nations in the 21st Century, and in this report he posed the following question: ``if humanitarian intervention is, indeed, an unacceptable assault on sovereignty, how should we respond to a Rwanda, to a Srebrenica -- to gross and systematic violations of human rights that offend every precept of our common humanity? ''
Document 7: Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka: The Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka was a 2011 report produced by a panel of experts appointed by United Nations Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon to advise him on the issue of accountability with regard to any alleged violations of international human rights and humanitarian law during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War. The report is referred to by some as the Darusman Report, after the name of the chairman of the panel (Indonesian politician Marzuki Darusman).
Document 8: Aliu Mahama: Alhaji Aliu Mahama (3 March 1946 – 16 November 2012) was a Ghanaian politician who was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January 2001 to 7 January 2009. A member of the New Patriotic Party, he was Ghana's first Muslim Vice-President.
Document 9: New Delhi: The city is home to numerous international organisations. The Asian and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology of the UNESCAP servicing the Asia-Pacific region is headquartered in New Delhi. New Delhi is home to most UN regional offices in India namely the UNDP, UNODC, UNESCO, UNICEF, WFP, UNV, UNCTAD, FAO, UNFPA, WHO, World Bank, ILO, IMF, UNIFEM, IFC and UNAIDS.
Document 10: Jerry Rawlings: Jerry John Rawlings President of Ghana (1st President of the 4th Republic) In office 7 January 1993 -- 7 January 2001 Vice President Kow Nkensen Arkaah (1993 -- 1997) John Atta Mills (1997 -- 2001) Preceded by Himself Succeeded by John Agyekum Kufuor Chairperson of ECOWAS In office 1994 -- 1996 Head of State of Ghana In office 31 December 1981 -- 7 January 1993 Vice President None Preceded by Hilla Limann Head of State of Ghana In office 4 June 1979 -- 24 September 1979 Preceded by General Fred Akuffo Succeeded by Hilla Limann Personal details (1947 - 06 - 22) 22 June 1947 (age 71) Accra, Gold Coast (now Ghana) Political party military -- AFRC (1979) military -- PNDC (1981 -- 93) Multi-Party Democracy -- NDC (1993 -- 2001) Spouse (s) Nana Konadu Agyeman Rawlings Children 5 Profession Fighter pilot Awards UDS Honorary Award Military service Allegiance Ghana Service / branch Ghana Air Force Years of service 1968 -- 92 Rank Flight Lieutenant
Document 11: Economic Community of West African States: President Country In office Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara Ivory Coast January 1977 -- 1985 Momodu Munu Sierra Leone 1985 -- 1989 Abass Bundu Sierra Leone 1989 -- 1993 Édouard Benjamin Guinea 1993 -- 1997 Lansana Kouyaté Guinea September 1997 -- 31 January 2002 Mohamed Ibn Chambas Ghana 1 February 2002 -- 31 December 2007 Mohamed Ibn Chambas Ghana 1 January 2007 -- 18 February 2010 Victor Gbeho Ghana 18 February 2010 -- 1 March 2012 Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo Burkina Faso 1 March 2012 -- 4 June 2016 Marcel Alain de Souza Benin 4 June 2016 -- present
Document 12: President of Ghana: The President of the Republic of Ghana is the elected head of state and head of government of Ghana, as well as Commander - in - Chief of the Ghana Armed Forces. The current President of Ghana is Nana Akufo - Addo, who won the 2016 presidential election against the incumbent, John Dramani Mahama, by a margin of 9.45%. Nana Akufo - Addo was sworn into office on 7 January 2017.
Document 13: Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers: The Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE) is India's leading recognized professional society devoted to the advancement of science, technology, electronics, telecommunication and information technology. Founded in 1953, it serves more than 70,000+ members through 60+ centers/sub centers primarily located in India (3 abroad). The Institution provides leadership in scientific and technical areas of direct importance to the national development and economy. Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has recognized AMIETE, ALCCS (Advanced Level Course in Computer Science). Government of India has recognized IETE as a Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (SIRO) and also notified as an educational institution of national eminence. The IETE focuses on advancement of electronics and telecommunication technology. The IETE conducts and sponsors technical meetings, conferences, symposium, and exhibitions all over India, publishes technical and research journals and provides continuing education as well as career advancement opportunities to its members.
Document 14: Institute of technology: In 2003, the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research and the Ministry of Economy and Finance jointly established the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (Italian Institute of Technology), headquartered in Genoa with 10 laboratories around Italy, which however focuses on research and does not offer undergraduate degrees.
Document 15: War on Terror: In 2005, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1624 concerning incitement to commit acts of terrorism and the obligations of countries to comply with international human rights laws. Although both resolutions require mandatory annual reports on counter-terrorism activities by adopting nations, the United States and Israel have both declined to submit reports. In the same year, the United States Department of Defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff issued a planning document, by the name "National Military Strategic Plan for the War on Terrorism", which stated that it constituted the "comprehensive military plan to prosecute the Global War on Terror for the Armed Forces of the United States...including the findings and recommendations of the 9/11 Commission and a rigorous examination with the Department of Defense".
ground_truth: Jerry John Rawlings
sub_queries: who argued that it was the role of governments to protect individual rights Answer: Kofi Annan
Kofi Annan >> country of citizenship Answer: Ghana
the african prime minister who first came to power in Ghana Answer: Jerry John Rawlings