Question: Margaret "Maggie" Black (March 31, 1930 – May 11, 2015) was a ballet teacher who taught in New York City during the 1970s and 1980s, she coached dancers such as which American ballerina, who joined the New York City Ballet in 1968 at age fifteen, at the invitation of George Balanchine?

full_context: Document 1: Heather Watts: Heather Watts (born September 27, 1953), was a principal ballerina with New York City Ballet. A native of California, Ms. Watts was born as Linda Heather Watts in Long Beach on September 27, 1953. As a little girl, she was a troublemaking child. She had always wanted to be an actress. An acting coach advised her taking ballet classes, seeing as she was incredibly dramatic (and clumsy). She started dancing at the age of 10, came to New York at the age of 13 on a Ford Foundation summer scholarship to attend the School of American Ballet, the official school of the New York City Ballet. She moved permanently to New York at age 15, again on a Ford Foundation scholarship to the School of American Ballet. Watts joined the New York City Ballet in 1970 and was promoted to principal dancer by company founder George Balanchine in 1979. George Balanchine took Watts into his companies "because he would not let such a talent disappear." During Ms. Watts's tenure with the company, she had numerous principal roles created for her by George Balanchine, Jerome Robbins, and Peter Martins among others. Mr. Balanchine gave Ms. Watts the principal roles in many of his existing masterpieces, including "Agon", Concerto Barocco, "Apollo", Symphony in C, "Theme and Variations" and "Serenade". Ms. Watts performed around the world and starred in numerous "Dance in America" television programs, and she performed opposite frequent partner Mikhail Baryshnikov at the White House in a national televised performance of Balanchine's "Rubies" for President and Mrs. Carter. Ms. Watts retired from the stage in a gala performance at Lincoln Center in 1995.
Document 2: Nora Kimball: Nora Koito Kimball-Mentzos or simply Nora Kimball is a ballet teacher and former American ballerina, who is often overlooked for being one of the first African American female soloists—the second -- [at American Ballet Theatre (ABT). She danced with the ABT in the mid 1980s and as an African American who is also Asian American, preceded Misty Copeland, who is often credited as the first. ABT has been described as one of the three great American-style classical ballet companies on the world stage today (along with New York City Ballet and San Francisco Ballet).
Document 3: Ballet Manila: Ballet Manila is a classical ballet institution and dance company in the Philippines. It currently highlights more than fifty highly trained dancers in the highly rigorous Russian (Vaganova) method of classical ballet. Locally the company has performed in 47 cities holding more than 4,100 performances. The company has done tours in Asia, Europe and North America, where it has held more than 140 performances. The company is most notable for its in-house creative director, principal dancer and prima ballerina Lisa Macuja-Elizalde. Along with Ballet Philippines and the Philippine Ballet Theatre, Ballet Manila is one of the three major ballet companies in the Philippines. It regularly holds its performances at the Aliw theater and Star Theater, which are both located within Star City at Pasay City. The concept of a ballet company by the dancers, of the dancers and for the dancers was the idea of Lisa Macuja-Elizalde when she, along with ballet master Osias Barroso and ten other dancers established Ballet Manila in 1995.
Document 4: Agrippina Vaganova: Agrippina Yakovlevna Vaganova (Russian: Агриппина Яковлевна Ваганова ; 26 June 1879 – 5 November 1951) was a Russian ballet teacher who developed the Vaganova method – the technique which derived from the teaching methods of the old "Imperial Ballet School" (today the "Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet") under the "Premier Maître de Ballet" Marius Petipa throughout the mid to late 19th century, though mostly throughout the 1880s and 1890s. It was Vaganova who perfected and cultivated this form of teaching the art of classical ballet into a workable syllabus. Her "Fundamentals of the Classical Dance" (1934) remains a standard textbook for the instruction of ballet technique. Her technique is one of the most popular techniques today.
Document 5: The Goldberg Variations (ballet): The Goldberg Variations is a ballet made by New York City Ballet's ballet master Jerome Robbins to Johann Sebastian Bach's eponymous music from 1742, BWV 988, his only work in the form of theme and variations; the theme is a sarabande he wrote for his second wife. The premiere took place on May 27, 1971 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center, with costumes by Joe Eula and lighting by Thomas Skelton.
Document 6: Nicholas Magallanes: Nicholas Magallanes (1922–1977) was a first-generation principal dancer with the New York City Ballet. Along with Jerome Robbins, Francisco Moncion and Maria Tallchief, Magallanes was among the core group of dancers with which George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein formed the New York City Ballet (formerly "Ballet Society") in 1948. Magallanes created the title rôle in Balanchine's "Orpheus" to music by Stravinsky, the ballet that marked the debut of the new company.
Document 7: Gelsey Kirkland: Gelsey Kirkland (born December 29, 1952) is an American ballerina. Kirkland joined the New York City Ballet in 1968 at age fifteen, at the invitation of George Balanchine. She was promoted to soloist in 1969 and principal in 1972. She went on to create leading roles in many of the great twentieth century ballets by Balanchine, Jerome Robbins, and Antony Tudor including Balanchine's revival of "The Firebird", Robbins' "Goldberg Variations", and Tudor's "The Leaves are Fading". Balanchine re-choreographed his version of Stravinsky's "The Firebird" specifically for her. She left the New York City Ballet to join the American Ballet Theatre in 1974.
Document 8: Sara Mearns: Sara Ann Mearns (born 19 January 1986) is an American ballerina who is a principal dancer with New York City Ballet. She was born in Columbia, South Carolina, where she began dance training at the age of three. As a teenager Mearns continued her studies with Patricia McBride and Stanislav Issaev, before entering the School of American Ballet in 2001. She joined the New York City Ballet as an apprentice in 2003, and became a member of the corps de ballet in 2004. She made her debut in a leading role just 18 months later in the dual roles of Odette/Odile in "Swan Lake" at the age of 19. Mearns was promoted to soloist in 2006 and to principal in 2008.
Document 9: Maggie Black: Margaret "Maggie" Black (March 31, 1930 – May 11, 2015) was a ballet teacher who taught in New York City during the 1970s and 1980s. She coached dancers such as Martine Van Hamel, Kevin McKenzie, Natalia Makarova and Gelsey Kirkland. She developed a ballet technique based on anatomy. She stressed moving from a neutral spinal and pelvic alignment with weight evenly distributed throughout each foot. She amassed a large following of both ballet and modern dancers. Eventually she split her class into two, one for modern dancers and one for ballet dancers. Choreographers such as William Forsythe and Ohad Naharin attended her class.
Document 10: Richard Thomas (dancer): Richard Scott Thomas (December 3, 1925 – July 27, 2013) was an American dancer, educator, and co-founder of the New York School of Ballet along with his wife Barbara Fallis. He is known as a teacher of Eliot Feld and Twyla Tharp
Document 11: Monumentum pro Gesualdo: The ballet premiere was part of a special Salute to Italy, which also included the premiere of "Variations from Don Sebastian", called the "Donizetti Variations" since 1961, and performances of Balanchine's "La Sonnambula" and Lew Christensen's "Con Amore". It was first performed in conjunction with "Movements for Piano and Orchestra" in 1965, and this practice has been followed almost consistently since 1966, with the same leading female dancer in both in most performances. The ballet has three parts, each of just over two minutes duration. NYCB principal dancer Darci Kistler chose to include "Monumentum pro Gesualdo" in her farewell performance, Sunday, June 27.
Document 12: Balanchine technique: Balanchine technique is the ballet performance style invented by dancer, choreographer, and teacher George Balanchine (1904-1983), and a trademark of the George Balanchine Foundation. It is used widely used today in many of Balanchine's choreographic works. It is employed by ballet companies and taught in schools throughout North America, including the New York City Ballet and School of American Ballet, where it first emerged.
Document 13: Yvonne Marceau: Yvonne Marceau is an American ballroom dancer, choreographer, and instructor. She was born in Chicago, IL, and holds a B.F.A. from the University of Utah as well as an associate degree from the Imperial Society of Ballroom Dance. In 1984, Marceau co-founded American Ballroom Theater with her dance partner, Pierre Dulaine. Together, Marceau and Dulaine won numerous ballroom dance contests and were four-time winners of the British Exhibition ballroom competition. Marceau is the recipient of various awards, including the Astaire Award and the Dance Magazine Award. Along with Dulaine, Marceau co-founded the Ballroom Theater’s Dancing Classrooms program, which is featured in the documentary Mad Hot Ballroom. Marceau has been on the faculty at The Juilliard School since 1993 and has taught at the School of American Ballet as well as for numerous New York City social groups, including the Union Club and cotillion societies. Marceau also currently teaches at the NYU Tisch New Studio on Broadway.
Document 14: Nina Ananiashvili: Nina Ananiashvili (born: "Nino Ananiashvili", Georgian: ნინო ანანიაშვილი ; born March 28, 1963) is a Georgian ballerina and artistic director of the State Ballet of Georgia. She has been described by the Daily Telegraph as one of the twelve greatest ballerinas of all time, and in 2002 was named Best Ballerina of the Year by the US "Dance Magazine". Ananiashvili has been a prominent fixture of the Soviet, Russian and Georgian ballet scene for decades. Shortly before the fall of the Iron Curtain, in 1987 the New York Magazine critic praised Nina Ananiashvili as "the best thing about the Bolshoi's Giselle whether she appeared in the title role or as the queen of the wilis." In 2014, a film of her 1991 performance in Giselle with the Bolshoi ballet was released.
Document 15: Alicia Markova: Dame Alicia Markova DBE (1 December 1910 – 2 December 2004) was an English ballerina and a choreographer, director and teacher of classical ballet. Most noted for her career with Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes and touring internationally, she was widely considered to be one of the greatest classical ballet dancers of the twentieth century. She was the first British dancer to become the principal dancer of a ballet company and, with Dame Margot Fonteyn, is one of only two English dancers to be recognised as a prima ballerina assoluta. Markova was a founder dancer of the Rambert Dance Company, The Royal Ballet and American Ballet Theatre, and was co-founder and director of the English National Ballet.
ground_truth: Gelsey Kirkland