Question: Where was the capital before Phạm Quỳnh Anh's birthplace?

full_context: Document 1: France–Vietnam relations: French -- Vietnamese relations started as early as the 17th century with the mission of the Jesuit father Alexandre de Rhodes. Various traders would visit Vietnam during the 18th century, until the major involvement of French forces under Pigneau de Béhaine from 1787 to 1789 helped establish the Nguyễn Dynasty. France was heavily involved in Vietnam in the 19th century under the pretext of protecting the work of Catholic missionaries in the country. France progressively carved for itself a huge colony, which would form French Indochina in 1887. France continued to rule Vietnam as a colony until France's defeat in the First Indochina War and the proclamation of Vietnam's independence in 1954.
Document 2: French Indochina: A grouping of the three Vietnamese regions of Tonkin (north), Annam (centre), and Cochinchina (south) with Cambodia was formed in 1887. Laos was added in 1893 and the leased Chinese territory of Guangzhouwan in 1898. The capital was moved from Saigon (in Cochinchina) to Hanoi (Tonkin) in 1902 and again to Da Lat (Annam) in 1939. In 1945 it was moved back to Hanoi.
Document 3: Ho Chi Minh City: Ho Chi Minh City Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh Saigon or Sài Gòn Municipality Thành phố trực thuộc trung ương Clockwise, from left to right: Bến Thành Market, Ho Chi Minh City Hall, District 1 view from Saigon river, Municipal Theatre, Notre - Dame Cathedral Basilica of Saigon, Independence Palace Seal Nickname (s): Pearl of the Far East Location in Vietnam and Southern Vietnam Coordinates: 10 ° 46 ′ 36.8 ''N 106 ° 42 ′ 02.9'' E ﻿ / ﻿ 10.776889 ° N 106.700806 ° E ﻿ / 10.776889; 106.700806 Coordinates: 10 ° 46 ′ 36.8 ''N 106 ° 42 ′ 02.9'' E ﻿ / ﻿ 10.776889 ° N 106.700806 ° E ﻿ / 10.776889; 106.700806 Country Vietnam Central district District 1 Founded as Gia Định 1698 Renamed to Ho Chi Minh City 1976 Founded by Nguyễn Hữu Cảnh Divisions 19 Urban districts, 5 Suburban districts Government Type Special - class Secretary of Communist Party Nguyễn Thiện Nhân Chairman of People's Committee Nguyễn Thành Phong Chairman of People's Council Nguyễn Thị Quyết Tâm Area Total 2,096.56 km (809.23 sq mi) Elevation 19 m (63 ft) Population (2016) Total 8,426,100 Rank 1st Density 4,000 / km (10,000 / sq mi) GDP (PPP) (2015 estimate) Total US $127.8 billion Per capita US $15,977 GRDP (nominal) (2016) Total US $45.73 billion Per capita US $5,428 Time zone ICT (UTC + 07: 00) Area codes 8 (until 16 Jul 2017) 28 (from 17 Jun 2017) Website hochiminhcity.gov.vn
Document 4: Auguste Henri Vildieu: Auguste Henri Vildieu was the French architectural adjutant in Hanoi while that city was an administrative center for the French colony of Indochina. Vildieu constructed several grand European-style buildings for the colonial government, including:
Document 5: Ai Jing: Ai was born into a musical family: her father played several instruments, and her mother was a "Pingju" singer. She attended the Shenyang Special School of Art, joined the Oriental Song and Dance Troupe () in Beijing at age 18, and first gained widespread attention with her 1992 song "My 1997" (). A semi-autobiographical ballad that has been compared to Cui Jian's "Nothing to My Name" in terms of its social impact, the song tells about her love for a man living in Hong Kong, and how she eagerly awaits the 1997 handover of Hong Kong to China so she can visit him. After "My 1997", she performed throughout East and Southeast Asia for several years. The music video for her 1993 "Wandering Swallow" () won the Chunlan Cup MTV Convention.
Document 6: Phạm Quỳnh: Phạm Quỳnh (December 17, 1892 – September 6, 1945) was a monarchist during the late Nguyễn Dynasty and supporter of adhering to traditional Vietnamese customs in the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. He was born near Hanoi, Vietnam.
Document 7: Huỳnh Quang Thanh: Huỳnh Quang Thanh (born October 10, 1984 in Hồ Chí Minh City, Vietnam) is a Vietnamese footballer who was a defender for Becamex Bình Dương. He was also the captain of the Vietnam national football team. He retired in 2018.
Document 8: Đông Anh District: Đông Anh is a rural district ("huyện") of Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. Nguyen Phu Trong, current General Secretary of Vietnam since 2011, was born there on 14 April 1944.
Document 9: Phạm Quỳnh Anh: Phạm Quỳnh Anh (born 24 August 1984 in Hanoi) is a Vietnamese singer. She is the former member of Sắc Màu girl group and H.A.T girl group. Her songs targets at young audiences which are mostly ballad songs, such as "Không Đau Vì Quá Đau, Càng Xa Càng Nhớ, Bụi Bay Vào Mắt, Người Dưng Ngược Lối,"...
Document 10: Lea Salonga: At age 18, she originated the lead role of Kim in the musical "Miss Saigon", first in the West End and then on Broadway, winning the Olivier and Theatre World Awards, and becoming the first Asian woman to win a Tony Award. Salonga is the first Filipino artist to sign with an international record label (Atlantic Records in 1993).
Document 11: Geography of Vietnam: Vietnam is located on the eastern margin of the Indochinese peninsula and occupies about 331,211.6 square kilometers, of which about 25% was under cultivation in 1987. It borders the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and Pacific Sea, alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia. The S - shaped country has a north - to - south distance of 1,650 kilometers and is about 50 kilometers wide at the narrowest point. With a coastline of 3,260 kilometers, excluding islands, Vietnam claims 12 nautical miles (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) as the limit of its territorial waters, an additional 12 nautical miles (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) as a contiguous customs and security zone, and 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) as an exclusive economic zone.
Document 12: History of Vietnam: After Quang Trung's death, the Tây Sơn dynasty became unstable as the remaining brothers fought against each other and against the people who were loyal to Nguyễn Huệ's infant son. Nguyễn Ánh sailed north in 1799, capturing Tây Sơn's stronghold Qui Nhơn. In 1801, his force took Phú Xuân, the Tây Sơn capital. Nguyễn Ánh finally won the war in 1802, when he sieged Thăng Long (Hanoi) and executed Nguyễn Huệ's son, Nguyễn Quang Toản, along with many Tây Sơn generals and officials. Nguyễn Ánh ascended the throne and called himself Emperor Gia Long. Gia is for Gia Định, the old name of Saigon; Long is for Thăng Long, the old name of Hanoi. Hence Gia Long implied the unification of the country. The Nguyễn dynasty lasted until Bảo Đại's abdication in 1945. As China for centuries had referred to Đại Việt as Annam, Gia Long asked the Manchu Qing emperor to rename the country, from Annam to Nam Việt. To prevent any confusion of Gia Long's kingdom with Triệu Đà's ancient kingdom, the Manchu emperor reversed the order of the two words to Việt Nam. The name Vietnam is thus known to be used since Emperor Gia Long's reign. Recently historians have found that this name had existed in older books in which Vietnamese referred to their country as Vietnam.
Document 13: Văn Cao: Văn Cao (born Nguyễn Văn Cao, ; 15 November 1923 – 10 July 1995) was a Vietnamese composer whose works include "Tiến Quân Ca", which became the national anthem of Vietnam. He, along with Phạm Duy and Trịnh Công Sơn, is widely considered one of the three most salient figures of modern (non-classical) Vietnamese music. He was also a noted poet and a painter.
Document 14: North Vietnam: After about 300 years of partition by feudal dynasties, Vietnam was again under one single authority in 1802 when Gia Long founded the Nguyễn dynasty, but the country became a French protectorate after 1883 and under Japanese occupation after 1940 during World War II. Soon after Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945, the Việt Minh in the August Revolution entered Hanoi, and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam was proclaimed on September 2, 1945: a government for the entire country, replacing the Nguyễn dynasty. Hồ Chí Minh became leader of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt had spoken against French rule in Indochina, and U.S.A. was supportive of the Viet Minh at this time.
Document 15: Lưu Quang Minh: Lưu Quang Minh (born 18 May 1988) is a writer and singer from Vietnam. He became famous when his very first book 'Gia tai tuoi 20' was published in Vietnam and became popular. He also composed and sang his debut song 'Gia tai tuoi 20' based on the stories from his book. Since then, he has begun working as a writer and singer. His music always based on his stories, he called that: ‘The Interference Of Music And Literature’.
ground_truth: Saigon
sub_queries: Phạm Quỳnh Anh >> place of birth Answer: Hanoi
Where was the capital before Hanoi ? Answer: Saigon