Question: American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score was composed bu what American composer born in 1955

full_context: Document 1: Carter Burwell: Carter Benedict Burwell (born November 18, 1954) is an American composer of film scores. He has frequently collaborated with the Coen brothers, having scored 15 of their films. Burwell has scored three of Todd Haynes' films, receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score for Haynes' "Carol" (2015). Other notable films scores include the Spike Jonze films "Being John Malkovich" (1999), "Adaptation" (2002) and "Where the Wild Things Are" (2009), David O. Russell's "Three Kings" (1999), "Olive Kitteridge" (2014), and "Anomalisa" (2015).
Document 2: An American Symphony: "An American Symphony (Mr. Holland's Opus)" is the title track for the finale symphonic piece played at the end of the hit film Mr. Holland's Opus. It was written by American born composer Michael Kamen, and it won the 1997 Grammy for Best Instrumental Arrangement.
Document 3: Maria Newman: Maria Newman (born Maria Louise Newman on January 18, 1962, in Los Angeles, California) is an award-winning American composer of classical music, and a critically acclaimed violinist, violist and pianist. She is the youngest child of Alfred Newman, a major Hollywood film composer. Maria holds the Louis and Annette Kaufman Composition Chair; and the Joachim Chassman Violin Chair at the Montgomery Arts House for Music and Architecture in Malibu, California, and is a founder of the Malibu Friends of Music. Her library of original works represents a range of genres, from large-scale orchestral works, works for the ballet, chamber works, choral and vocal works, to new collaborative scores for vintage silent film. She has been presented with many awards and commissions, including musical commendations from the United States Congress (2009), the California State Senate (2009), the California State Assembly (2009), the City of Malibu (2010), and the Annenberg Foundation (2011).
Document 4: James Newton Howard: James Newton Howard (born June 9, 1951) is an American composer, conductor, music producer and musician. He has scored over 100 films and is the recipient of a Grammy Award, Emmy Award, and eight Academy Award nominations. His film scores include "Pretty Woman" (1990), "The Prince of Tides" (1991), "The Fugitive" (1993), "The Devil's Advocate" (1997), "The Sixth Sense" (1999), "Dinosaur" (2000), "" (2001), "Treasure Planet" (2002), "Signs" (2002), "The Village" (2004), "King Kong" (2005), "Batman Begins" (2005), "I Am Legend" (2007), "Blood Diamond" (2006), "The Dark Knight" (2008), "The Bourne Legacy" (2012), "The Hunger Games" series (2012–2015), "Nightcrawler" (2014) and "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them" (2016). He has collaborated with directors M. Night Shyamalan, having scored nine of his films since "The Sixth Sense," and Francis Lawrence, having scored all of his films since "I Am Legend".
Document 5: American Beauty (1999 film): American Beauty is a 1999 American drama film directed by Sam Mendes and written by Alan Ball. Kevin Spacey stars as Lester Burnham, a 42-year-old advertising executive who has a midlife crisis when he becomes infatuated with his teenage daughter's best friend, Angela (Mena Suvari). Annette Bening co-stars as Lester's materialistic wife, Carolyn, and Thora Birch plays their insecure daughter, Jane. Wes Bentley, Chris Cooper, and Allison Janney also feature. The film is described by academics as a satire of American middle-class notions of beauty and personal satisfaction; analysis has focused on the film's explorations of romantic, and paternal love, sexuality, beauty, materialism, self-liberation, and redemption.
Document 6: Magnolia (soundtrack): Magnolia: Music from the Motion Picture is the soundtrack album to the Paul Thomas Anderson motion picture of the same name. Largely composed of works by Aimee Mann, enough such that she receives a title billing on the album, the album also features tracks by Gabrielle, Supertramp, and Jon Brion.
Document 7: Thomas Newman: Thomas Montgomery Newman (born October 20, 1955) is an American composer best known for his many film scores.
Document 8: John Williams: John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932) is an American composer, conductor, and pianist. With a career spanning over six decades, he has composed some of the most popular and recognizable film scores in cinematic history, including "Jaws", the "Star Wars" series, "Close Encounters of the Third Kind", "Superman", "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial", the "Indiana Jones" series, the first two "Home Alone" films, the first two "Jurassic Park" films, "Schindler's List", and the first three "Harry Potter" films. Williams has been associated with director Steven Spielberg since 1974, composing music for all but three of his feature films. Other notable works by Williams include theme music for the Olympic Games, "NBC Sunday Night Football", "The Mission" theme used by NBC News, the television series "Lost in Space" and "Land of the Giants", and the incidental music for the first season of "Gilligan's Island". Williams has also composed numerous classical concertos and other works for orchestral ensembles and solo instruments. From 1980 to 1993, he served as the Boston Pops' principal conductor, and is now the orchestra's laureate conductor.
Document 9: Hans Zimmer: Hans Florian Zimmer (] ; born 12 September 1957) is a German film score composer and record producer. Since the 1980s, he has composed music for over 150 films. His works include "The Lion King", for which he won the Academy Award for Best Original Score in 1995, the "Pirates of the Caribbean" series, "The Thin Red Line", "Gladiator", "The Last Samurai", "The Dark Knight Trilogy", "Inception", "Interstellar" and "Dunkirk".
Document 10: Up (film score): Up is the original score album, featured on the 2009 film of the same name composed by Michael Giacchino. This is his third feature film for Pixar after "The Incredibles" and "Ratatouille". Giacchino wrote a character theme-based score that the filmmakers felt enhanced the story of the film. "Up" received positive reviews from music critics and won major awards. Despite being well regarded, "Up" was not released as a compact disc (CD) until 2011, when it became available via Intrada Records.
Document 11: Thomas Wander: Thomas Wander, also credited as Thomas Wanker, is an Austrian-born composer for film and television. He was born on 19 April 1973 in Graz in Austria. In 1992, he moved to Los Angeles to study film composition at the University of Southern California. He has won the BMI Film Music Award in 2008 for his score in "10,000 BC", in 2010 for his score in the film "2012", and in 2014 for the score to "White House Down". Wander frequently collaborates with fellow composer Harald Kloser on many of his projects, and is best known for his work on the films of director Roland Emmerich.
Document 12: Lionel Newman: Lionel Newman (January 4, 1916 – February 3, 1989) was an American conductor, pianist, and film and television composer. He was the brother of Alfred Newman and Emil Newman, uncle of composers Randy Newman, David Newman, Thomas Newman, Maria Newman, and grandfather of Joey Newman.
Document 13: Magnolia (score): Magnolia is the score soundtrack to the Paul Thomas Anderson film of the same name. The score is composed by Jon Brion. A soundtrack release for the film with original music by Aimee Mann was previously issued in 1999. Track 9, "Magnolia", appears on said soundtrack, and is the only track from this soundtrack which does so.
Document 14: List of accolades received by American Beauty: "American Beauty" is a 1999 American drama film directed by Sam Mendes and written by Alan Ball. The film stars Kevin Spacey as Lester Burnham, a middle-aged office worker who has a midlife crisis when he becomes infatuated with his teenage daughter's best friend. Released in North America on September 15, 1999, "American Beauty" was positively received by critics and audiences alike; it was the best-reviewed American film of the year and grossed over $350 million worldwide. Reviewers praised all aspects of the production, with particular emphasis on Mendes, Spacey and Ball; criticism tended to focus on the familiarity of the characters and setting. At the 1999 Academy Awards, the film won Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor (for Spacey), Best Original Screenplay and Best Cinematography (for Conrad Hall). The film was nominated for and won numerous other awards and honors, mainly for the direction, writing, and acting.
Document 15: American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score: American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score is the original score for the 1999 film composed by Thomas Newman.
ground_truth: Thomas Newman