Question: Sven Nykvist won an award for cinematography on the 1988 film adaptation of a novel by whom?

full_context: Document 1: Karel Kachyňa: Karel Kachyňa (1 May 1924 – 12 March 2004) was a Czech film director. His career spanned over five decades. Kachyňa was part of the Czech wave of liberal filmmakers in the 1960s which included Miloš Forman and Jiří Menzel. He was married to Alena Mihulová. They had one daughter, Karolína, together. He was born in Vyškov, Czechoslovakia and died in Prague, Czech Republic.
Document 2: František Fajtl: Lieutenant General František Fajtl (20 August 1912 – 4 October 2006) was a Czech fighter pilot of World War II. He was a British Royal Air Force (RAF) squadron and wing commander and led a group of Czechoslovak fighter pilots who formed an air regiment under Soviet Air Force command, supporting the Slovak National Uprising in 1944. He was dismissed from the Czechoslovakian Air Force and was held in prison for a year and a half without a trial after the Communists came to power in 1948, and was only fully rehabilitated after the Velvet Revolution in 1989. He wrote many autobiographical books about his wartime experiences, and was an inspiration for the 2001 film "Tmavomodrý svět" ("Dark Blue World").
Document 3: Miloš Forman: Jan Tomáš Forman (] ; born 18 February 1932), known as Miloš Forman (] ), is a Czech film director, screenwriter, actor, and professor, who until 1968 lived and worked primarily in Czechoslovakia.
Document 4: The Unbearable Lightness of Being (film): The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a 1988 American film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Milan Kundera, published in 1984. Director Philip Kaufman and screenwriter Jean-Claude Carrière portray the effect on Czechoslovak artistic and intellectual life during the 1968 Prague Spring of socialist liberalization preceding the invasion by the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact that ushered in a period of communist repression. It portrays the moral, political, and psycho-sexual consequences for three bohemian friends: a surgeon, and two female artists with whom he has a sexual relationship.
Document 5: Under a Cruel Star: Under a Cruel Star: A Life in Prague 1941-1968 was published first under this title by Plunkett Lake Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1986. The memoir was written by Heda Margolius Kovály and translated with Franci and Helen Epstein. It is now available in a Holmes & Meier, New York 1997 edition (ISBN  ), in a Plunkett Lake Press 2010 eBook edition and in a Granta, London 2012 edition (ISBN  ). "Prague Farewell" was the book title in the UK in previous editions. The memoir was originally written in Czech and published in Canada under the title "Na vlastní kůži" by 68 Publishers, a well-known publishing house for Czech expatriates, in Toronto in 1973. An English translation appeared in the same year as the first part of the book "The Victors and the Vanquished" published by Horizon Press in New York. A British edition of the book excluded the second treatise and was published by Weidenfeld and Nicolson under the title "I Do Not Want To Remember" in 1973. The book is also available in Chinese (ISBN  ), Danish (ISBN  ), Dutch (ISBN  ), French (ISBN  ), German (ISBN  ), Romanian (ISBN  ), Spanish (ISBN  ) and the original Czech editions (ISBN  ).
Document 6: Ludvík Kundera: Ludvík Kundera (22 March 1920 – 17 August 2010) was a Czech writer, translator, poet, playwright, editor and literary historian. He was a notable exponent of the Czech avant-garde literature and a prolific translator of German authors. In 2007, he received the Medal of Merit for service to the Republic. In 2009, he was awarded the "Jaroslav Seifert Award", presented by the Charter 77 Foundation. Kundera was a cousin of Czech-French writer Milan Kundera and nephew of the pianist and musicologist also named Ludvík Kundera.
Document 7: Fanny and Alexander: Fanny and Alexander (Swedish: Fanny och Alexander ) is a Swedish drama film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 17 December 1982, written and directed by Ingmar Bergman. The plot focuses on two siblings and their large family in Uppsala, Sweden in the 1900s. It was originally conceived as a four-part TV movie and cut in that version, spanning 312 minutes; a 188-minute cut version was created later for cinematic release, although this version was in fact the one to be released first. The TV version has since been released as a complete film, and both versions have been shown in theaters throughout the world. The 312-minute (five-hour, twelve-minute) cut is one of the longest cinematic films in history.
Document 8: Linus Sandgren: Linus Sandgren (born December 5, 1972 in Stockholm, Sweden) is an Academy Award winning Swedish cinematographer. Sandgren is most known for his work with Damien Chazelle on "La La Land" and his collaboration with David O Russell on the films "American Hustle" and "Joy".
Document 9: Roy Andersson: Roy Arne Lennart Andersson (born 31 March 1943) is an acclaimed Swedish film director, best known for "A Swedish Love Story" (1970) and his "Living trilogy," which includes "Songs from the Second Floor" (2000), "You, the Living" (2007) and "A Pigeon Sat on a Branch Reflecting on Existence" (2014). "Songs from the Second Floor", more than any other, cemented and exemplified his personal style – which is characterized by long takes, absurdist comedy, stiff caricaturing of Swedish culture and Felliniesque grotesque. He has spent much of his professional life working on advertisement spots, directing over 400 commercials and two short films, but only directing six feature-length films in six decades. His 2014 film "A Pigeon Sat on a Branch Reflecting on Existence" won the Golden Lion award at 71st Venice International Film Festival, making Andersson the only Swedish director and the second Scandinavian director to win the award in the history of the festival, after Danish Carl Theodor Dreyer won in 1955. Anderson is considered one of the most important living European film directors, having four films officially submitted for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film as Swedish entries.
Document 10: Lasse Hallström: Lars Sven "Lasse" Hallström (] ; born 2 June 1946) is a Swedish film director. He first became known for directing almost all music videos by pop group ABBA, and subsequently became a feature film director. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Director for "My Life as a Dog (Mitt liv som hund)" (1985) and later for "The Cider House Rules" (1999). His other celebrated directorial works include "What's Eating Gilbert Grape" (1993) and "Chocolat" (2000).
Document 11: Czechoslovak New Wave: The Czechoslovak New Wave (also Czech New Wave) is a term used for the 1960s films of Czech directors Miloš Forman, František Vláčil, Věra Chytilová, Ivan Passer, Pavel Juráček, Jaroslav Papoušek, Jiří Menzel, Jan Němec, Jaromil Jireš, Vojtěch Jasný, Evald Schorm, Elmar Klos and Slovak directors Dušan Hanák, Juraj Herz, Juraj Jakubisko, Štefan Uher, Ján Kadár, Elo Havetta and others. The quality and openness of the films led the genre to be called the "Czechoslovak film miracle".
Document 12: Victor Sjöström: Victor David Sjöström (] ; in the United States sometimes known as Victor Seastrom; 20 September 1879 – 3 January 1960) was a pioneering Swedish film director, screenwriter and actor. He began his career in Sweden, before moving to Hollywood in 1924. Sjöström worked primarily in the silent era; his best known films include "The Phantom Carriage" (1921), "He Who Gets Slapped" (1924) and "The Wind" (1928). Sjöström was Sweden's most prominent director in the "Golden Age of Silent Film" in Europe. Later in life, he played the leading role in Ingmar Bergman's "Wild Strawberries" (1957).
Document 13: I Am Curious (Yellow): I Am Curious (Yellow) (Swedish: Jag är nyfiken – en film i gult , meaning "I Am Curious: A Film in Yellow") is a 1967 Swedish drama film written and directed by Vilgot Sjöman, starring Sjöman and Lena Nyman. It is a companion film to 1968's "I Am Curious (Blue)"; the two were initially intended to be one 3 ⁄ hour film. The films are named after the colours of the Swedish flag.
Document 14: Vilgot Sjöman: David Harald Vilgot Sjöman (2 December 1924 – 9 April 2006) was a Swedish writer and film director. His films deal with controversial issues of social class, morality, and sexual taboos, combining the emotionally tortured characters of Ingmar Bergman with the avant garde style of the French New Wave. He is best known as the director of the films "491" (1964), "I Am Curious (Yellow)" (in Swedish, "Jag är nyfiken - gul") (1967), and "I Am Curious (Blue)" ("Jag är nyfiken - blå") (1968), which stretched the boundaries of acceptability of what could then be shown on film, deliberately treating their subjects in a provocative and explicit manner.
Document 15: Sven Nykvist: Sven Vilhem Nykvist (] ) (3 December 1922 – 20 September 2006) was a Swedish cinematographer. He worked on over 120 films, but is known especially for his work with director Ingmar Bergman. He won Academy Awards for his work on two Bergman films, "Cries and Whispers" ("Viskningar och rop") in 1973 and "Fanny and Alexander" ("Fanny och Alexander") in 1983, and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Cinematography for "The Unbearable Lightness of Being".
ground_truth: Milan Kundera