Question: Who were the silent films La Roue and Napoleon directed by?

full_context: Document 1: Happy Days (1929 film): Happy Days is a 1929 American Pre-Code musical film, notable for being the first feature film shown entirely in widescreen anywhere in the world, filmed in the Fox Grandeur 70 mm process. French director Abel Gance's "Napoléon" (1927) had a final widescreen segment in what Gance called Polyvision. In 1927, Paramount released "Old Ironsides" with two sequences in a widescreen process called "Magnascope". In 1928, MGM released "Trail of '98" in a widescreen process called "Fanthom Screen".
Document 2: Abel Gance filmography: Abel Gance (] ; 25 October 188910 November 1981) was a French film director and producer, writer and actor. A pioneer in the theory and practice of montage, he is best known for three major silent films: "J'accuse" (1919), "La Roue" (1923), and the monumental "Napoléon" (1927).
Document 3: Jean-Jacques Beineix: Jean-Jacques Beineix (] ; born 8 October 1946) is a French film director and generally seen as the best example of what came to be called the "cinéma du look". Critic Ginette Vincendeau defined the films made by Beineix and others as "youth-oriented films with high production values...The "look" of the "cinéma du look" refers to the films' high investment in non-naturalistic, self-conscious aesthetics, notably intense colours and lighting effects. Their spectacular (studio based) and technically brilliant "mise-en-scène" is usually put to the service of romantic plots." The "cinéma du look" included the films of Luc Besson and Léos Carax. Luc Besson, like Beineix, was much maligned by the critical establishment during the 1980s, while Carax was much admired. In late 2006, Beineix published a first volume of his autobiography, "Les Chantiers de la gloire" (in French only). The title alluded to the French title of Stanley Kubrick's film, "Les Sentiers de la gloire" ("Paths of Glory").
Document 4: Louis Le Prince: Louis Aimé Augustin Le Prince (] ; 28 August 1841 – vanished 16 September 1890) was a French inventor who shot the first moving pictures on paper film using a single lens camera. He has been heralded as the "Father of Cinematography" since 1930.
Document 5: Napoléon (1927 film): Napoléon is a 1927 silent French epic film written, produced, and directed by Abel Gance that tells the story of Napoleon's early years. On screen, the title is Napoléon vu par Abel Gance, meaning "Napoleon as seen by Abel Gance". The film is recognised as a masterwork of fluid camera motion, produced in a time when most camera shots were static. Many innovative techniques were used to make the film, including fast cutting, extensive close-ups, a wide variety of hand-held camera shots, location shooting, point of view shots, multiple-camera setups, multiple exposure, superimposition, underwater camera, kaleidoscopic images, film tinting, split screen and mosaic shots, multi-screen projection, and other visual effects. A revival of "Napoléon" in the mid-1950s influenced the filmmakers of the French New Wave.
Document 6: The Artist (film): The Artist is a 2011 French romantic comedy-drama in the style of a black-and-white silent film written, directed, and co-edited by Michel Hazanavicius, produced by Thomas Langmann, and stars Jean Dujardin and Bérénice Bejo. The story takes place in Hollywood, between 1927 and 1932, and focuses on the relationship of an older silent film star and a rising young actress as silent cinema falls out of fashion and is replaced by the "talkies".
Document 7: Nouvelle histoire: The term new history from the French term "nouvelle histoire", was coined by Jacques Le Goff and Pierre Nora, leaders of the third generation of the Annales School, in the 1970s. The movement can be associated with cultural history, history of representations and "histoire des mentalités".
Document 8: Georges Méliès: Marie-Georges-Jean Méliès, known as Georges Méliès ( ; ] ; 8 December 1861 – 21 January 1938), was a French illusionist and film director who led many technical and narrative developments in the earliest days of cinema. Méliès was an especially prolific innovator in the use of special effects, popularizing such techniques as substitution splices, multiple exposures, time-lapse photography, dissolves, and hand-painted color. He was also one of the first filmmakers to use storyboards. His films include "A Trip to the Moon" (1902) and "The Impossible Voyage" (1904), both involving strange, surreal journeys somewhat in the style of Jules Verne, and are considered among the most important early science fiction films, though their approach is closer to fantasy.
Document 9: La Roue: La Roue (] , 'The Wheel') is a French silent film, directed by Abel Gance, who also directed "Napoléon" and "J'accuse!". It was released in 1923. The film used then-revolutionary lighting techniques, and rapid scene changes and cuts.
Document 10: Jean Renoir: Jean Renoir (] ; 15 September 1894 – 12 February 1979) was a French film director, screenwriter, actor, producer and author. As a film director and actor, he made more than forty films from the silent era to the end of the 1960s. His films "La Grande Illusion" (1937) and "The Rules of the Game" (1939) are often cited by critics as among the greatest films ever made. He was ranked by the BFI's "Sight & Sound" poll of critics in 2002 as the fourth greatest director of all time. Among numerous honors accrued during his lifetime, he received a Lifetime Achievement Academy Award in 1975 for his contribution to the motion picture industry. Renoir was the son of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir. He was one of the first filmmakers to be known as an "auteur".
Document 11: Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory: Workers Leaving The Lumière Factory in Lyon (French: "La Sortie de l'Usine Lumière à Lyon" ), also known as Employees Leaving the Lumière Factory and Exiting the Factory, is an 1895 French short black-and-white silent documentary film directed and produced by Louis Lumière. It is often referred to as the first real motion picture ever made, although Louis Le Prince's 1888 "Roundhay Garden Scene" pre-dated it by seven years.
Document 12: History of film: The history of film began in the 1890s, when motion picture cameras were invented and film production companies started to be established. Because of the limits of technology, films of the 1890s were under a minute long and until 1927 motion pictures were produced without sound. The first decade of motion picture saw film moving from a novelty to an established mass entertainment industry. The films became several minutes long consisting of several shots. The first rotating camera for taking panning shots was built in 1898. The first film studios were built in 1897. Special effects were introduced and film continuity, involving action moving from one sequence into another, began to be used. In the 1900s, continuity of action across successive shots was achieved and the first close-up shot was introduced (that some claim D. W. Griffith invented). Most films of this period were what came to be called "chase films". The first use of animation in movies was in 1899. The first feature length multi-reel film was a 1906 Australian production. The first successful permanent theatre showing only films was "The Nickelodeon" in Pittsburgh in 1905. By 1910, actors began to receive screen credit for their roles and the way to the creation of film stars was opened. Regular newsreels were exhibited from 1910 and soon became a popular way for finding out the news. From about 1910, American films had the largest share of the market in Australia and in all European countries except France.
Document 13: Cinématon: Cinématon is a 199-hour-long experimental film by French director Gérard Courant. It was the longest film ever released until 2011. Composed over 28 years from 1978 until 2006, it consists of a series of over 2,987 silent vignettes (cinématons), each 3 minutes and 25 seconds long, of various celebrities, artists, journalists and friends of the director, each doing whatever they want for the allotted time. Subjects of the film include directors Barbet Schroeder, Nagisa Oshima, Volker Schlöndorff, Ken Loach, Benjamin Cuq, Youssef Chahine, Wim Wenders, Joseph Losey, Jean-Luc Godard, Samuel Fuller and Terry Gilliam, chess grandmaster Joël Lautier, and actors Roberto Benigni, Stéphane Audran, Julie Delpy and Lesley Chatterley. Gilliam is featured eating a 100-franc note, while Fuller smokes a cigar. Courant's favourite subject was a 7-month-old baby. The film was screened in its then-entirety in Avignon in November 2009 and was screened in Redondo Beach, CA on April 9, 2010.
Document 14: Abel Gance: Abel Gance (] ; 25 October 188910 November 1981) was a French film director and producer, writer and actor. A pioneer in the theory and practice of montage, he is best known for three major silent films: "J'accuse" (1919), "La Roue" (1923), and the monumental "Napoléon" (1927).
Document 15: Manèges: Manèges is a French film directed by Yves Allégret and released in 1950. The film stars Simone Signoret (married at the time to Allégret, although the marriage came to an end soon after), Bernard Blier and Jane Marken. It is shot in black-and-white in film noir style, with extensive use of flashback and the voiceover of characters' unspoken thoughts. "Manèges" is noted for the exceptionally harsh and cynical manner in which Allégret delineates the characters of his two female leads, and has been accused of being misogynistic in tone.
ground_truth: Abel Gance