Question: When was the insurance company founded, whose near collapse was investigated by George William Penrose, Lord Penrose ?

full_context: Document 1: Prudential Headquarters: Prudential Financial, as it is known today, began as The Widows and Orphans Friendly Society in 1875. For a short time it was called the Prudential Friendly Society, and for many years after 1877 it was known as the Prudential Insurance Company of America, a name still widely in use. Based in Newark, New Jersey, the company has constructed a number of buildings to house its headquarters downtown in the Four Corners district. In addition to its own offices, the corporation has financed large projects in the city, including Gateway Center and Prudential Center. Prudential has about 5,200 employees in the city.
Document 2: Economical Insurance: Economical Insurance, founded in 1871, is a Canadian Property & Casualty insurance company, offering automobile, property, liability, agriculture, and surety insurance. Its executive offices are located in Waterloo, Ontario, with regional offices across Canada. The company has a 4.02% market share, measured by direct written premium in the Canadian Property & Casualty Insurance market as of December 2012.As of 2014, it had about 1.6 billion in mutual policyholder's equity. It is the 9th largest property and casualty insurance company in Canada, by direct written premium and the 20th largest insurance company in Canada, by total assets.
Document 3: Friends Provident: Friends Provident was an organisation offering life insurance based in the United Kingdom. It was founded as a mutual Friendly Society for Quakers, although it was demutualised in 2001 and became a publicly listed company, no longer linked with the Religious Society of Friends. On 29 March 2011 Friends Provident changed its trading name to Friends Life, although its registered name remains as Friends Provident.
Document 4: P. George Benson: P. George Benson is a former President of the College of Charleston (2007-2014), where he is currently a Professor of Decision Sciences. Professor Benson serves on the boards of directors of three public companies: AGCO Corporation (Duluth, Ga.), Crawford & Company (Atlanta, Ga.), and Primerica, Inc. (Duluth, Ga.). He is the Lead Director of Primerica's board and chairs the Corporate Governance Committees of all three boards. He is the Chairman of the Board of the Foundation for the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. He serves on the board of the Gaillard Management Corporation, the governing board of the nonprofit Charleston Gaillard Center. In addition, he is a member of the advisory board of NBSC in Columbia, S.C., a unit of Synovus Financial Services Corporation, headquartered in Columbus, Ga. He previously served on the boards of publicly traded Nutrition 21, Inc., private startup Signal One Safety, and Athens First Bank and Trust Company.
Document 5: Supreme Life Building: The Supreme Life Building is a historic insurance building located at 3501 S. Dr. Martin Luther King Drive in the Douglas community area of Chicago, Illinois. Built in 1921, the building served as the headquarters of the Supreme Life Insurance Company, which was founded two years earlier. The company, originally known as the Liberty Life Insurance Company, was the first African-American owned insurance company in the northern United States. Since white-owned insurance firms regularly denied black customers life insurance when the firm was founded, the firm played an important role in providing life insurance to Chicago's African-American community. The company ultimately became the largest African-American owned business in the northern states and became a symbol of the predominantly black Bronzeville neighborhood's economic success from the 1920s to the 1950s.
Document 6: Norwich Union: Norwich Union was the name of insurance company Aviva's British arm before June 2009. It was originally established in 1797. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
Document 7: Colin Campbell, Lord Malcolm: Colin Malcolm Campbell, Lord Malcolm, PC (born 1953) is a Scottish lawyer, and a Senator of the College of Justice, a judge of the country's Supreme Courts.
Document 8: Morris Review: The Morris Review was a government-sponsored review of the UK actuarial profession led by Sir Derek Morris in 2004-5. It was commissioned in March 2004, in the aftermath of the near collapse of Equitable Life, and the subsequent findings of Lord Penrose's Equitable Life Inquiry The review found a number of problems with the actuarial profession, including insularity of approach, lack of transparency, failure to take account of developments in financial economics, and the influence of 'entrenched commercial interests'.
Document 9: George William Penrose, Lord Penrose: George William Penrose, Lord Penrose, PC (born 2 June 1938), is a Scottish judge (from 1990) and member of the Privy Council (from 2000) who sat in the Court of Session, the supreme civil court. He is best known for heading the Penrose Inquiry into the near-collapse of the mutual life assurance company Equitable Life. In 2001, Lord Penrose was asked by the Treasury to investigate the history of the company. His 818-page report was published on 8 March 2004.
Document 10: G. C. Peden: George C. Peden is an emeritus professor of history at Stirling University, Scotland. He has written about the British Treasury; Keynesian economics; economic aspects of defence and foreign policy; the welfare state, and some recent Scottish economic history. He was born in Dundee in 1943 and educated at Grove Academy, Broughty Ferry. He worked for eight years as a sub-editor of the Dundee Evening Telegraph before becoming a mature student at Dundee University, graduating MA with first class honours in modern history in 1972. He was a postgraduate at Brasenose College, Oxford, and a research fellow at the Institute of Historical Research, London, and graduated D.Phil from Oxford in 1976, having completed his thesis under the supervision of Professor N.H. Gibbs. He was a temporary lecturer in history, Leeds University, 1976-7; lecturer in economic and social history, and then reader in economic history, Bristol University, 1977–90; and professor of history, Stirling University, 1990-2008. He was a British Academy research reader, 1987-9, and visiting fellow, All Souls College, Oxford, 1988-9, and St Catherine's College, Oxford, 2002. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. According to the first version of this article, probably written by a student, Peden had a reputation for insisting on high standards of grammar in essays, perhaps reflecting his earlier career as a sub-editor. He lives in Callander, on the edge of the Scottish Highlands, and divides his time between hillwalking and research and writing.
Document 11: Old Mutual: Old Mutual plc is an international investment, savings, insurance, and banking group. Established in 1845 in South Africa, it had more than 19 million customers and £394.9 billion assets under management as of 31 December 2016. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and Johannesburg Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
Document 12: William Scott (justice): Sir William Scott (d. 1350s) was an English lawyer, and Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 8 January 1341 to 26 November 1346. Originally from Yorkshire – probably Birthwaite in Kexbrough – Scott as Chief Justice presided over trials resulting from Edward III's purge of the administration the previous years. Among those tried was William de la Pole. After retiring from this position, Scott largely withdrew from public life, probably because of ill health. He returned to Yorkshire to attend to his estates. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography says that he "was still alive on 10 March 1352...but was certainly dead by 11 May 1356, and probably by 1354".
Document 13: Thomas Bignold: Thomas Bignold (1761–1835) was the founder of Norwich Union, now known as Aviva plc, one of the United Kingdom's largest insurance businesses.
Document 14: The Equitable Life Assurance Society: The Equitable Life Assurance Society (Equitable Life), founded in 1762, is a life insurance company in the United Kingdom. The world's oldest mutual insurer, it pioneered age-based premiums based on mortality rate, laying “the framework for scientific insurance practice and development”
Document 15: Thomas Innes of Learney: Sir Thomas Innes of Learney (1893–1971) was Lord Lyon from 1945 to 1969, after having been Carrick Pursuivant and Albany Herald in the 1920s and 1930s. He was a very active Lord Lyon, strongly promoting his views of what his office was through his writings and pronouncements in his Court. In 1950, he convinced the Scots Law Times to start publishing the decisions made in Lyon Court. By ruling on uncontested petitions, he was able to expound many of his theories in court but not under review of his superior court, and get them published in the judicial record. His treatise, "Scots Heraldry", was first published in 1934 when he was Carrick Pursuivant; then a second, enlarged edition came out in 1956, and it has practically eclipsed earlier works on the subject. Following his retirement as Lord Lyon in 1969, he was appointed Marchmont Herald.
ground_truth: 1762