Question: Philip Skinner created the role of what former Ku Klux Klan organizer in Appomattox?

full_context: Document 1: Gregory Reinhart: Gregory Reinhart (born June 18, 1951 in Pavilion, New York) is an American bass opera singer. He is noted for an extremely wide repertory which ranges from early music to the world premieres of several contemporary operas including Lowell Liebermann's "The Picture of Dorian Gray", Philippe Manoury's "K...", and Pascal Dusapin's "Perelà, uomo di fumo". He has been praised in "The Metropolitan Opera Guide to Recorded Opera" for his performance in Monteverdi's "L'Incoronazione di Poppea" as one of the finest Senecas on record with "a magnificent bass voice: firm and clear throughout its wide range".
Document 2: Philip Skinner: Philip Skinner is an American bass-baritone who has sung leading roles in both North American and European opera houses. A veteran performer at San Francisco Opera, he made his debut there in 1985 and has gone on to sing over 35 roles with the company. In 2007, Skinner created the role of Edgar Ray Killen when San Francisco Opera staged the world premiere of the Philip Glass opera, "Appomattox", and in 2015 he created the role of Casaubon in Allen Shearer's "Middlemarch in Spring." He is a graduate of Northwestern University and received his master's degree from Indiana University, where he sang in the American premiere of Janáček's "The Excursions of Mr. Brouček to the Moon".
Document 3: Brett Polegato: Brett Polegato (born 1968 in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada) is an operatic baritone. In 1999 he made his Lyric Opera of Chicago debut as Peter Niles in Levy's "Mourning Becomes Electra" followed by his La Scala debut in 2000 as Ned Keene in Britten's "Peter Grimes". He is particularly known for his interpretation of the title role in Debussy's "Pelléas et Mélisande" which he has performed with many companies including the Bavarian State Opera, Opéra National de Paris, Oper Leipzig, and Opéra National du Rhin among others. Other European appearances include Ubalde in Gluck's "Armide" at Opéra de Nice, the title role in Monteverdi's "Orfeo" at Opéra d'Avignon, and Frère Lèon in Messaien's "Saint François d'Assise" at Opéra National de Paris. He has sung numerous roles with Flanders Opera, including Guglielmo in Mozart's "Così fan tutte", Albert in Massenet's "Werther", and the Steward in Jonathan Dove's "Flight". In his native Canada, Polegato has sung Papageno in Mozart's "Die Zauberflöte", Figaro in Rossini's "Il barbiere di Siviglia", and Zurga in Bizet's "Les pêcheurs de perles" with Vancouver Opera. In the United States, he has sung with New York City Opera, Houston Grand Opera, and Michigan Opera Theatre as well as making many concert appearances and recordings with American orchestras. He made his Seattle Opera debut in 2005 as Henry Miles in Jake Heggie's "The End of the Affair" and returned to the company in 2007 as Orestes in Gluck's "Iphigenia in Tauris".
Document 4: Fannie Lee Chaney: Fannie Lee Chaney (September 4, 1921 – May 22, 2007) was an American baker turned civil rights activist after her son James Chaney was murdered by the Ku Klux Klan during the 1964 Freedom Summer rides in Mississippi.
Document 5: Timothy Nolen: Timothy Nolen (born July 9, 1941) is an American actor and baritone who has had an active career in operas, musicals, concerts, plays, and on television for over four decades. He notably portrayed the title role in the first operatic presentation of Stephen Sondheim's "" at the Houston Grand Opera in 1984. He later reprised that role at Chicago's Marriott Theatre in 1993, receiving a Joseph Jefferson Award nomination for his portrayal. He then performed the role of Judge Turpin in a concert version of "Sweeney Todd" broadcast on PBS's "Great Performances" in 2000 with the New York Philharmonic, George Hearn, Patti LuPone, and Neil Patrick Harris. He has since played Judge Turpin in numerous productions, including those at the San Francisco Opera and the Lyric Opera of Chicago.
Document 6: Phillip Boykin: Phillip Boykin (sometimes credited as Phillip Lamar Boykin) is an American bass-baritone, broadway, gospel, jazz and opera singer, film and stage actor. In 2017 he was featured in the Broadway revival of "Sunday in the Park with George" and made Broadway history as the first African-American Boatman/Lee Randolph while reopening Broadway's newest and oldest theater at the time The Hudson Theater New York City which played it last Broadway show in 1968. Phillip will play the role of Tonton Julian in the Revival of "Once On This Island". He was also featured in On the Town at the Lyric Theater. He was nominated for the Tony Award, as well as the Drama Desk and Outer Critic Circle Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical for his role as Crown in the Broadway revival of (Porgy and Bess). He was awarded the Theater World Award for his Outstanding Broadway debut. He is the founder and director of "The NYGospel Brothers" a Gospel Quartet that travels around the world spreading the good news. One of ten children, Boykin grew up in Greenville, South Carolina. He started studies in Opera Performance at South Carolina State College before transferring to the North Carolina School of the Arts. He left NCSA in 1990 and moved to the Hartt School of the University of Hartford where he received his Bachelor of Music in Vocal Performance in 1995. He later studied toward a Master's degree in Opera and Jazz Vocals from Howard University. He was seen on the big screen in Freedom starring Cuba Gooding Jr., Top Five starring Chris Rock and Easter Mysteries written by Tony Award Winning Broadway producer John O’Boyle.
Document 7: Byron De La Beckwith: Byron De La Beckwith, Sr. (November 9, 1920 – January 21, 2001) was an American white supremacist and Klansman from Greenwood, Mississippi, who in 1994 was convicted of assassinating civil rights leader Medgar Wiley Evers on June 12, 1963. Two previous trials in 1964 on this charge had resulted in hung juries. Seven years after being convicted of killing Evers, De La Beckwith died in prison in 2001 at the age of 80 while serving a life sentence.
Document 8: Julian Philips: Professor Julian Philips MA (Cantab) FGS was born in Wales in 1969. He was brought up in Warwickshire and studied Music at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Philips' works have been performed at many major music festivals including Tanglewood and at the Wigmore Hall by international artists such as Gerald Finley, Dawn Upshaw, Sir Thomas Allen, the Vertigo String Quartet, the Tanglewood Festival Orchestra and the BBC orchestras.
Document 9: Kevin Short (singer): Kevin Short is an American operatic bass-baritone. A graduate of Morgan State University, the Curtis Institute of Music, and the Juilliard School, he won the bass-baritone award for the Middle Atlantic region Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions in 1989. From 1991-1998 he appeared annually at the Metropolitan Opera, singing in a total of 129 performances. He notably created the role of Joseph in the world premiere of John Corigliano's "The Ghosts of Versailles" in 1991. Some of the other roles he has performed at the Met are Colline in "La Bohème", the Friar in "Don Carlos", Happy in "La fanciulla del West", the Jailer in "Dialogues of the Carmelites", Lackey in "Ariadne auf Naxos", Mandarin in "Turandot", Masetto in "Don Giovanni", Sciarrone in "Tosca", Pirro in "I Lombardi alla prima crociata", Yamadori in "Madama Butterfly", and Zaretsky in "Eugene Onegin". He also sang several roles with the New York City Opera during the 1980s and 1990s, including Nourabad in "The Pearl Fishers" and Raimondo in "Lucia di Lammermoor".
Document 10: Judge Edward Aaron: Judge Edward Aaron (born 1923) was an African American handyman in Birmingham, Alabama who was abducted by seven members of Asa Earl Carter's independent Ku Klux Klan group on Labor Day, September 2, 1957.
Document 11: Roy K. Moore: Roy K. Moore (June 11, 1914 Hood River Oregon - October 12, 2008 Madison Wisconsin) was an American FBI agent and former Marine who was best known as the chief agent who investigated the disappearance of civil rights workers James Chaney, Michael Schwerner and Andrew Goodman. The 1988 film "Mississippi Burning", starring Gene Hackman and Willem Dafoe was based on that case. Because of the efforts of Moore and his agents, nineteen men were indicted and seven were convicted. All served less than 6 years in prison.
Document 12: Samuel Bowers: Samuel Holloway Bowers (August 25, 1924 – November 5, 2006), Former Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard, was a convicted murderer and leading white supremacist activist in Mississippi during the Civil Rights Movement. In response to this movement, he co-founded a reactionary organization, the White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. Bowers committed two notorious murders of civil rights activists in southern Mississippi: The 1964 murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner near Philadelphia, for which he served six years in federal prison; and the 1966 murder of Vernon Dahmer in Hattiesburg, for which he was sentenced to life in prison 32 years after the crime. He also was accused of bombings of Jewish targets in the cities of Jackson and Meridian in 1967 and 1968 (according to the man who was convicted of some of the bombings, Thomas A. Tarrants III). He died in prison at the age of 82.
Document 13: James Chaney: James Earl Chaney (May 30, 1943 – June 21, 1964), from Meridian, Mississippi, was one of three American civil rights workers who were murdered during Freedom Summer by members of the Ku Klux Klan near Philadelphia, Mississippi. The others were Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner from New York City.
Document 14: Philip Kraus: Philip Kraus (born November 17, 1950) is an American operatic baritone and stage director known for his performances with the Lyric Opera of Chicago, starting in 1991, and for his co-founding of Light Opera Works, a professional light opera company in Chicago, in 1980.
Document 15: Edgar Ray Killen: Edgar Ray "Preacher" Killen (born January 17, 1925) is a former Ku Klux Klan organizer who planned and directed the murders of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner, three civil rights activists participating in the Freedom Summer of 1964. He was found guilty in state court of three counts of manslaughter on June 21, 2005, the forty-first anniversary of the crime, and sentenced to 60 years in prison. He appealed against the verdict, but the sentence was upheld on January 12, 2007, by the Mississippi Supreme Court.
ground_truth: Edgar Ray "Preacher" Killen