Question: In what year was the writer of the opera "Mazeppa" born?

full_context: Document 1: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ; Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский ; 25 April/7 May 1840 – 25 October/6 November 1893), often anglicized as Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, was a Russian composer of the romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular music in the classical repertoire. He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally, bolstered by his appearances as a guest conductor in Europe and the United States. Tchaikovsky was honored in 1884, by Emperor Alexander III, and awarded a lifetime pension.
Document 2: Ruslan and Lyudmila (opera): Ruslan and Lyudmila (Russian: Руслан и Людмила , "Ruslan i Lyudmila") is an opera in five acts (eight tableaux) composed by Mikhail Glinka between 1837 and 1842. The opera is based on the 1820 poem of the same name by Alexander Pushkin. The Russian libretto was written by Valerian Shirkov, Nestor Kukolnik and N. A. Markevich, among others. Pushkin's death in the famous duel prevented him from writing the libretto himself as planned.
Document 3: Sergei Rachmaninoff: Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff (Russian: Серге́й Васи́льевич Рахма́нинов , "Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov"; ] ; 1 April [O.S. 20 March] 1873 28 March 1943) was a Russian virtuoso pianist, composer, and conductor of the late-Romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular in the romantic repertoire.
Document 4: A Life for the Tsar: A Life for the Tsar (Russian: Жизнь за царя , "Zhizn' za tsarya"), as it is known in English, although in Soviet times its name was "Ivan Susanin" (Russian: Иван Сусанин ) is a "patriotic-heroic tragic opera" in four acts with an epilogue by Mikhail Glinka. The original Russian libretto, based on historical events, was written by Nestor Kukolnik, Egor Fyodorovich (von) Rozen, Vladimir Sollogub and Vasily Zhukovsky. It premiered on 27 November 1836 OS (9 December NS) at the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre in St. Petersburg. The historical basis of the plot involves Ivan Susanin, a patriotic hero of the early 17th century who gave his life in the expulsion of the invading Polish army for the newly elected Tsar Mikhail, the first of the Romanov dynasty, elected in 1613.
Document 5: The Seasons (Tchaikovsky): The Seasons, Op. 37a (also seen as Op. 37b; Russian: Времена года ; published with the French title Les Saisons), is a set of twelve short character pieces for solo piano by the Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Each piece is the characteristic of a different month of the year in the northern hemisphere. The work is also sometimes heard in orchestral and other arrangements by other hands. Individual excerpts have always been popular – "Troika" (November) was a favourite encore of Sergei Rachmaninoff, and "Barcarolle" (June) was enormously popular and appeared in numerous arrangements (for orchestra, violin, cello, clarinet, harmonium, guitar and even mandolin).
Document 6: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ; Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский ; 25 April/7 May 1840 – 25 October/6 November 1893), often anglicized as Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, was a Russian composer of the romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular music in the classical repertoire. He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally, bolstered by his appearances as a guest conductor in Europe and the United States. Tchaikovsky was honored in 1884, by Emperor Alexander III, and awarded a lifetime pension.
Document 7: Mazeppa (opera): Mazeppa, properly Mazepa (Russian: Мазепа ), is an opera in three acts (six scenes) by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The libretto was written by Victor Burenin and is based on Pushkin's poem "Poltava".
Document 8: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and The Five: In mid- to late-19th-century Russia, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and a group of composers known as The Five had differing opinions as to whether should be composed following Western or native practices. Tchaikovsky wanted to write professional compositions of such quality that they would stand up to Western scrutiny and thus transcend national barriers, yet remain distinctively Russian in melody, rhythm and other compositional characteristics. The Five, made up of composers Mily Balakirev, Alexander Borodin, César Cui, Modest Mussorgsky, and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, sought to produce a specifically Russian kind of art music, rather than one that imitated older European music or relied on European-style conservatory training. While Tchaikovsky himself used folk songs in some of his works, for the most part he tried to follow Western practices of composition, especially in terms of tonality and tonal progression. Also, unlike Tchaikovsky, none of The Five were academically trained in composition; in fact, their leader, Balakirev, considered academicism a threat to musical imagination. Along with critic Vladimir Stasov, who supported The Five, Balakirev attacked relentlessly both the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, from which Tchaikovsky had graduated, and its founder Anton Rubinstein, orally and in print.
Document 9: Grigory Kugushev: Prince Grigory Vasilyevich Kugushev (Russian: Григорий Васильевич Кугушев , 17 March 1824, – 3 October 1871) was a Russian writer, poet and playwright whose comedies (including "Goluboi Kapot", Blue Hood; "Pari", The Bet; "Priyomysh", Foster) had great (if not very lasting) success in the Russian Imperial Theatres in 1850s. More substantial and critically acclaimed were Kugushev's works of fiction, notably "Kornet Otletayev" (Корнет Отлетаев, a three-part novella, first published by "Russky Vestnik" in 1856) and the four-part novel "Postoronneye Vliyaniye" (Постороннее влияние, 1858—1859). He also wrote the libretto for the epic drama opera "Mazeppa" (1859) by Baron
Document 10: Rusalka (Dargomyzhsky): Rusalka (Russian: Руса́лка ) is an opera in four acts, six tableaux, by Alexander Dargomyzhsky, composed during 1848-1855. The Russian libretto was adapted by the composer from Pushkin's incomplete dramatic poem of the same name. It premiered on 4 May 1856 (Old Style) at the Theatre-circus, conducted by Konstantin Lyadov (father of Anatoly Lyadov), choreographed by Marius Petipa and Nikolay Goltz, but was badly received predominantly by the aristocracy.
Document 11: Dubrovsky (opera): Dubrovsky (Russian: "Дубровский" ) is an opera in four acts (5 scenes) Op. 58, by Eduard Nápravník, to a Russian libretto by Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky after the novel of the same title (1832) by Alexander Pushkin.
Document 12: Russian classical music: Russian classical music is a genre of classical music related to Russia's culture, people, or character. The 19th-century romantic period saw the largest development of this genre, with the emergence in particular of The Five, a group of composers associated with Mily Balakirev, and of the more German style of Pyotr Tchaikovsky.
Document 13: Eugene Onegin (opera): Eugene Onegin (Russian: Евгений Онегин , "Yevgény Onégin"), Op. 24, is an opera ("lyrical scenes") in 3 acts (7 scenes), composed by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The libretto, organised by the composer himself, very closely follows certain passages in Alexander Pushkin's novel in verse, retaining much of his poetry. Tchaikovsky's friend Konstantin Shilovsky contributed M. Triquet's verses in Act 2, Scene 1, while Tchaikovsky himself arranged the text for Lensky's arioso in Act 1, Scene 1, and almost all of Prince Gremin's aria in Act 3, Scene 1.
Document 14: Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Russian: Моде́ст Ильи́ч Чайко́вский ; 13 May [O.S. 1 May] 1850 –15 January [O.S. 2 January] 1916 ) was a Russian dramatist, opera librettist and translator.
Document 15: Mazeppa (Byron): Mazeppa is a narrative poem written by the English romantic poet Lord Byron in 1819. It is based on a popular legend about the early life of Ivan Mazepa (1639–1709), a Ukrainian gentleman who later became Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks. According to the poem, the young Mazeppa has a love affair with a Countess Theresa while serving as a page at the Court of King John II Casimir Vasa. Countess Theresa was married to a much older Count. On discovering the affair, the Count punishes Mazeppa by tying him naked to a wild horse and setting the horse loose. The bulk of the poem describes the traumatic journey of the hero strapped to the horse. The poem has been praised for its "vigor of style and its sharp realization of the feelings of suffering and endurance". This poem also inspired Alexander Pushkin to write his poem "Poltava" as an answer to Byron's poem.
ground_truth: 1840