Question: Were Alfred Döblin and César Vallejo both German nationals?

full_context: Document 1: Hans Fallada: Hans Fallada (born Rudolf Wilhelm Friedrich Ditzen; 21 July 18935 February 1947) was a German writer of the first half of the 20th century. Some of his better known novels include "Little Man, What Now?" (1932) and "Every Man Dies Alone" (1947). His works belong predominantly to the New Objectivity literary style, with precise details and journalistic veneration of the facts. Fallada's pseudonym derives from a combination of characters found in the Grimm's Fairy Tales: the protagonist of "Hans in Luck" (KHM 83) and a horse named Falada in "The Goose Girl".
Document 2: Stanisław Lem: Stanisław Herman Lem (] ; 12 or 13 September 1921 – 27 March 2006) was a Polish writer of science fiction, philosophy, and satire, and a trained physician. Lem's books have been translated into forty-one languages and have sold over forty-five million copies. From the 1950s to 2000s, he published many books, both science fiction and philosophical/futurological. He is best known as the author of the 1961 novel "Solaris", which has been made into a feature film three times. In 1976, Theodore Sturgeon wrote that Lem was the most widely read science fiction writer in the world.
Document 3: Wallenstein (novel): Wallenstein is a 1920 historical novel by German author Alfred Döblin. Set in Central Europe during the Thirty Years War, the novel's plot is organized around the polar figures of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, on the one hand, and Albrecht von Wallenstein, on the other. Döblin's approach to narrating the war differed from prevailing historiography in that, rather than interpreting the Thirty Years War primarily as a religious conflict, he portrays it critically as the absurd consequence of a combination of national-political, financial, and individual psychological factors. Döblin saw a strong similarity between the Thirty Years War and the First World War, during which he wrote "Wallenstein". The novel is counted among the most innovative and significant historical novels in the German literary tradition. In large part, contemporary critics found the novel to be difficult, dense, and chaotic—a reception Döblin discussed in his 1921 essay "The Epic Writer, His Material, and Criticism"—yet writers such as Lion Feuchtwanger, Franz Blei, and Herbert Ihering praised "Wallenstein" for its formal innovation, poetic language, epic scope, and bold departure from other German writing of the time. Despite the novel's difficulty, the critical consensus was that "Wallenstein" was a major achievement and confirmed the promise seen in Döblin's earlier historical novel, "The Three Leaps of Wang Lun".
Document 4: North Group: The North Group was an intellectual community comprising various writers, artists, philosophers, politicians, and intellectuals from Northern Peru, especially from the La Libertad Region. It was founded in 1915 in the city of Trujillo. At first known as the "Bohemians of Trujillo," the community adopted the name "the North Group" in 1923. Early leaders included journalist Antenor Orrego and poet José Eulogio Garrido. Its most prominent members included poet Cesar Vallejo, politician Victor Raul Haya de la Torre, Alcides Spelucín, Macedonio de la Torre, Juan Espejo Asturrizaga, Francisco Xandóval, and Ciro Alegría. This group inspired the work of Eduardo González Viaña, one of its modern successors.
Document 5: Thomas Merton: Thomas Merton, O.C.S.O. (January 31, 1915 – December 10, 1968) was an American Catholic writer, theologian and mystic. A Trappist monk of the Abbey of Gethsemani, Kentucky, he was a poet, social activist, and student of comparative religion. In 1949, he was ordained to the priesthood and given the name Father Louis.
Document 6: Giuseppe Ungaretti: Giuseppe Ungaretti (] ; 8 February 1888 – 2 June 1970) was an Italian modernist poet, journalist, essayist, critic, academic, and recipient of the inaugural 1970 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. A leading representative of the experimental trend known as "Ermetismo" ("Hermeticism"), he was one of the most prominent contributors to 20th century Italian literature. Influenced by symbolism, he was briefly aligned with futurism. Like many futurists, he took an irredentist position during World War I. Ungaretti debuted as a poet while fighting in the trenches, publishing one of his best-known pieces, "L'allegria" ("The Joy").
Document 7: Georgette Vallejo: Georgette Marie Philippart Travers (Paris, 7 January 1908 - Lima, 1984), French writer and poet. She was the wife of the Peruvian poet César Vallejo of international fame, considered by Mario Benedetti to be a "human paradigm", while the American poet-monk Thomas Merton points out that "the project for the translation of his poetry is of an urgent and enormous importance for the entire human race."
Document 8: Alfred Döblin: Bruno Alfred Döblin (10 August 1878 – 26 June 1957) was a German novelist, essayist, and doctor, best known for his novel "Berlin Alexanderplatz" (1929). A prolific writer whose œuvre spans more than half a century and a wide variety of literary movements and styles, Döblin is one of the most important figures of German literary modernism. His complete works comprise over a dozen novels ranging in genre from historical novels to science fiction to novels about the modern metropolis; several dramas, radio plays, and screenplays; a true crime story; a travel account; two book-length philosophical treatises; scores of essays on politics, religion, art, and society; and numerous letters—his complete works, republished by Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag and Fischer Verlag, span more than thirty volumes. His first published novel, "Die drei Sprünge des Wang-lung" ("The Three Leaps of Wang Lun"), appeared in 1915 and his final novel, "Hamlet oder Die lange Nacht nimmt ein Ende" ("Tales of a Long Night") was published in 1956, one year before his death.
Document 9: The Three Leaps of Wang Lun: The Three Leaps of Wang Lun ("Die drei Sprünge des Wang-lun") is a historical novel by German author Alfred Döblin that narrates upheaval and revolution in 18th-century China. Published in 1916 (although back-dated to 1915), this epic historical novel was Döblin's third novel (although it was the first to be published as a book), and garnered him the Fontane Prize. Favorably received by critics, who praised its detailed and exotic depictions of China, it was a literary breakthrough for Döblin. "Wang Lun" also had an influence on younger German writers, including Lion Feuchtwanger, Anna Seghers, and Bertolt Brecht; for the latter, "Wang Lun" provided an impulse for the development of the theory of epic theatre. In commercial sales, it is Döblin's most successful novel after "Berlin Alexanderplatz". The title of the novel refers to the rebel leader Wang Lun.
Document 10: November 1918: A German Revolution: November 1918: A German Revolution (German: "November 1918, eine deutsche Revolution" ) is a tetralogy of novels by German writer Alfred Döblin about the German Revolution of 1918–1919. The four volumes—Vol. I: "Bürger und Soldaten" ("Citizens and Soldiers"), Vol. II "Verratenes Volk" ("A People Betrayed"), Vol. III, "Heimkehr der Fronttruppen" ("Return of the Frontline Troops"), and Vol. IV, "Karl und Rosa" ("Karl and Rosa")—together comprise the most significant work from Döblin's period of exile (1933–1945). The work was highly praised by figures such as Bertolt Brecht, and critic Gabriele Sander has described the tetralogy as representing the culmination of Döblin's work in the genre of the historical novel.
Document 11: César Vallejo: César Abraham Vallejo Mendoza (March 16, 1892 – April 15, 1938) was a Peruvian poet, writer, playwright, and journalist. Although he published only three books of poetry during his lifetime, he is considered one of the great poetic innovators of the 20th century in any language. He was always a step ahead of literary currents, and each of his books was distinct from the others, and, in its own sense, revolutionary. Thomas Merton called him "the greatest universal poet since Dante". The late British poet, critic and biographer Martin Seymour-Smith, a leading authority on world literature, called Vallejo "the greatest twentieth-century poet in "any" language." He was a member of the intellectual community called North Group formed in the Peruvian north coastal city of Trujillo.
Document 12: Hermann Hesse: Hermann Karl Hesse (] ; 2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a German-born poet, novelist, and painter. His best-known works include "Demian", "Steppenwolf", "Siddhartha", and "The Glass Bead Game", each of which explores an individual's search for authenticity, self-knowledge and spirituality. In 1946, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Document 13: Wadzeks Kampf mit der Dampfturbine: Wadzeks Kampf mit der Dampfturbine ("Wadzek's Struggle with the Steam Turbine") is a 1918 comic novel by the German author Alfred Döblin. Set in Berlin, it narrates the futile and often delusional struggle of the eponymous industrialist Wadzek against Rommel, his more powerful competitor. In its narrative technique and its refusal to psychologize its characters, as well as in its vivid evocations of Berlin as a modern metropolis, "Wadzeks Kampf mit der Dampfturbine" has been read as a precursor to Döblin's better-known 1929 novel "Berlin Alexanderplatz".
Document 14: Rubén Darío: Félix Rubén García Sarmiento (January 18, 1867 – February 6, 1916), known as Rubén Darío, was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-American literary movement known as "modernismo" (modernism) that flourished at the end of the 19th century. Darío has had a great and lasting influence on 20th-century Spanish literature and journalism. He has been praised as the "Prince of Castilian Letters" and undisputed father of the "modernismo" literary movement.
Document 15: Paul Valéry: Ambroise Paul Toussaint Jules Valéry ( ; ] ; 30 October 1871 – 20 July 1945) was a French poet, essayist, and philosopher. In addition to his poetry and fiction (drama and dialogues), his interests included aphorisms on art, history, letters, music, and current events. Valéry was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 12 different years.
ground_truth: no