Question: Who was born first, Michael Powell, or Ralph Bakshi?

full_context: Document 1: Mike Leigh: Mike Leigh OBE (born 20 February 1943) is an English writer and director of film and theatre. He studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) before honing his directing skills at East 15 Acting School and further at the Camberwell School of Art and the Central School of Art and Design. He began as a theatre director and playwright in the mid-1960s. In the 1970s and 1980s his career moved between theatre work and making films for BBC Television, many of which were characterised by a gritty "kitchen sink realism" style. His well-known films include the comedy-dramas "Life is Sweet" (1990) and "Career Girls" (1997), the Gilbert and Sullivan biographical film "Topsy-Turvy" (1999), and the bleak working-class drama "All or Nothing" (2002). His most notable works are the black comedy-drama "Naked" (1993), for which he won the Best Director Award at Cannes, the Oscar-nominated, BAFTA and Palme d'Or-winning drama "Secrets & Lies" (1996), the Golden Lion winning working-class drama "Vera Drake" (2004), and the Palme d'Or nominated biopic "Mr. Turner" (2014). Some of his notable stage plays include "Smelling A Rat", "It's A Great Big Shame", "Greek Tragedy", "Goose-Pimples", "Ecstasy", and "Abigail's Party".
Document 2: Ron Fricke: Ron Fricke is a North American film director and cinematographer, specializing in time-lapse photography and large format cinematography. He was the director of photography for "Koyaanisqatsi" (1982) and directed the purely cinematic non-verbal non-narrative feature "Baraka" (1992). He designed and used his own 65
Document 3: Powell and Pressburger: The British film-making partnership of Michael Powell (1905–1990) and Emeric Pressburger (1902–1988)—together often known as The Archers, the name of their production company—made a series of influential films in the 1940s and 1950s. —24 films between 1939 and 1972—were mainly derived from original stories by Pressburger with the script written by both Pressburger & Powell. Powell did most of the directing while Pressburger did most of the work of the producer and also assisted with the editing, especially the way the music was used. Unusually, the pair shared a writer-director-producer credit for most of their films. The best known of these are "The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp" (1943), "A Canterbury Tale" (1944), "A Matter of Life and Death" (1946), "Black Narcissus" (1947), "The Red Shoes" (1948), and "The Tales of Hoffmann" (1951).
Document 4: Thin Man Films: Thin Man Films is a British film production company, based in London. It was founded in 1988 by director Mike Leigh and producer Simon Channing Williams to produce Mike Leigh's films. They chose the company name because both founders were the opposite of it.
Document 5: Heavy Traffic: Heavy Traffic is a 1973 American adult animated comedy-drama film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi. The film, which begins, ends, and occasionally combines with live-action, explores the often surreal fantasies of a young New York cartoonist named Michael Corleone, using pinball imagery as a metaphor for inner-city life. "Heavy Traffic" was Bakshi and producer Steve Krantz's follow-up to the film "Fritz the Cat". Though producer Krantz made varied attempts to produce an R-rated film, "Heavy Traffic" was given an X rating by the MPAA. The film received positive reviews and is widely considered to be Bakshi's biggest critical success.
Document 6: Fritz the Cat (film): Fritz the Cat is a 1972 American adult animated comedy film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi. It was Bakshi's feature film debut and is loosely based on the Fritz the Cat comic strips by Robert Crumb. It was the first animated feature film to receive an X rating in the United States.
Document 7: Robert Altman: Robert Bernard Altman ( ; February 20, 1925 – November 20, 2006) was an American film director, screenwriter, and film producer. A five-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director and an enduring figure from the New Hollywood era, Altman was considered a "maverick" in making films with a highly naturalistic but stylized and satirical aesthetic, unlike most Hollywood films. He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers in American cinema.
Document 8: Ralph Bakshi: Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action films. In the 1970s, he established an alternative to mainstream animation through independent and adult-oriented productions. Between 1972 and 2015, he directed ten theatrically released feature films, six of which he wrote. He has been involved in numerous television projects as director, writer, producer and animator.
Document 9: Charles Orme: Charles Orme (13 August 19189 May 2007) was a British film producer. He worked regularly with Powell & Pressburger, Ralph Thomas, Basil Dearden and John Boorman. He has over 50 credits on a number of classics including "The 39 Steps" (1959), "Khartoum" (1966), "Deliverance" (1972), "The Man with the Golden Gun" (1974) and "The Omen" (1976). He was an original member of the multiple-award-winning Powell & Pressburger production team known as The Archers. He was a production assistant, production manager and assistant director on many of their classic productions, including "The Red Shoes" (1948), "The Small Back Room" (1949), "Gone to Earth" (1950) and "The Elusive Pimpernel" (1950), "The Tales of Hoffmann" (1951), "Oh... Rosalinda!!" (1955), "The Battle of the River Plate" (1956) and "Ill Met by Moonlight" (1957).
Document 10: The Red Shoes (1948 film): The Red Shoes is a 1948 British drama film written, directed and produced by the team of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, known collectively as The Archers. The film is about a ballerina who joins an established ballet company and becomes the lead dancer in a new ballet called "The Red Shoes", itself based on the fairy tale "The Red Shoes" by Hans Christian Andersen.
Document 11: Fire and Ice (1983 film): Fire and Ice is a 1983 American adult animated epic high fantasy adventure film directed by Ralph Bakshi. The film, a collaboration between Bakshi and Frank Frazetta, was distributed by 20th Century Fox, which also distributed Bakshi's 1977 release, "Wizards". The animated feature, based on characters Bakshi and Frazetta co-created, was made using the process of rotoscoping, in which scenes were shot in live action and then traced onto animation cels.
Document 12: Paul Thomas Anderson filmography: American director, screenwriter, and producer Paul Thomas Anderson has directed seven feature-length films, five short films, twelve music videos, one documentary, one television episode as a guest segment director, and one theatrical play. He made his directorial debut with the mockumentary short film "The Dirk Diggler Story" (1988), at the age of 18, about a pornographic actor in the 1970s. Anderson followed it five years later with another short film, "Cigarettes & Coffee" in 1993. In 1996, Anderson wrote and directed the neo-noir crime thriller "Hard Eight", starring Philip Baker Hall, John C. Reilly, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Samuel L. Jackson. The film was well received, with film critic Roger Ebert saying of it in his review, "Movies like "Hard Eight" remind me of what original, compelling characters the movies can sometimes give us." Using the basis of "The Dirk Diggler Story", Anderson wrote and directed an expansion of the film entitled "Boogie Nights" in 1997. The film starred Mark Wahlberg as Eddie Adams/"Dirk Diggler" during the Golden Age of Porn in the 1970s and his eventual downfall in the 1980s. "Boogie Nights" received acclaim from critics and was a commercial success; at the 70th Academy Awards ceremony, the film was nominated for three Academy Awards, including for Best Supporting Actor (Burt Reynolds), Best Supporting Actress (Julianne Moore) and Best Original Screenplay.
Document 13: The Boy Who Turned Yellow: The Boy Who Turned Yellow (1972) is the last film collaboration by the British filmmakers Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, and the last theatrical film directed by Michael Powell. The film was made for the Children's Film Foundation.
Document 14: Michael Powell: Michael Latham Powell (30 September 1905 – 19 February 1990) was an English film director, celebrated for his partnership with Emeric Pressburger. Through their production company "The Archers", they together wrote, produced and directed a series of classic British films, notably "49th Parallel" (1941), "The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp" (1943), "A Matter of Life and Death" (1946, also called "Stairway to Heaven"), "Black Narcissus" (1947), "The Red Shoes" (1948), and "The Tales of Hoffmann" (1951). His later controversial 1960 film "Peeping Tom", while today considered a classic, and a contender as the first "slasher", was so vilified on first release that his career was seriously damaged.
Document 15: Arthur Rankin Jr.: Arthur Gardner Rankin Jr. (July 19, 1924 – January 30, 2014) was an American director, producer and writer, who mostly worked in animation. A part of Rankin/Bass Productions with his friend Jules Bass, he created stop-motion animation features such as "Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer" and the 1977 cartoon animation of "The Hobbit". He is credited on over 1,000 television programs.
ground_truth: Michael Latham Powell