gzone0111/musique_hotpotqa_graph_retriever huggingface dataset:
Question: When was the institute that owned The Collegian founded?
Context: Document 1: The Collegian (Houston Baptist University): The Collegian is the bi-weekly official student publication of Houston Baptist University in Houston, Texas. It was founded in 1963 as a newsletter, and adopted the newspaper format in 1990.
Document 2: Houston: Several private institutions of higher learning—ranging from liberal arts colleges, such as The University of St. Thomas, Houston's only Catholic university, to Rice University, the nationally recognized research university—are located within the city. Rice, with a total enrollment of slightly more than 6,000 students, has a number of distinguished graduate programs and research institutes, such as the James A. Baker Institute for Public Policy. Houston Baptist University, affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas, offers bachelor's and graduate degrees. It was founded in 1960 and is located in the Sharpstown area in Southwest Houston.
Answer: 1960
Reasoning steps: The Collegian >> owned by Answer: Houston Baptist University
When was Houston Baptist University founded? Answer: 1960
Question: What year saw the creation of the region where the county of Hertfordshire is located?
Context: Document 1: East of England: The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes. It was created in 1994 and was adopted for statistics from 1999. It includes the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. Essex has the highest population in the region.
Document 2: Hertfordshire: Hertfordshire is the county immediately north of London and is part of the East of England region, a mainly statistical unit. A significant minority of the population across all districts are City of London commuters. To the east is Essex, to the west is Buckinghamshire and to the north are Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire.
Answer: 1994
Reasoning steps: In which state is Hertfordshire located? Answer: East of England
When was East of England birthed? Answer: 1994
Question: When was the abolishment of the studio that distributed The Game?
Context: Document 1: The Game (1997 film): The Game is a 1997 American mystery thriller film directed by David Fincher, starring Michael Douglas and Sean Penn, and produced by Propaganda Films and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment. It tells the story of a wealthy investment banker who is given a mysterious gift: participation in a game that integrates in strange ways with his everyday life. As the lines between the banker's real life and the game become more uncertain, hints of a large conspiracy become apparent.
Document 2: PolyGram Filmed Entertainment: PolyGram Filmed Entertainment (formerly known as PolyGram Films and PolyGram Pictures or simply PFE) was a British-American film studio founded in 1980 which became a European competitor to Hollywood, but was eventually sold to Seagram Company Ltd. in 1998 and was folded in 1999. Among its most successful and well known films were "An American Werewolf in London" (1981), "Flashdance" (1983), "Four Weddings and a Funeral" (1994), "Dead Man Walking" (1995), "The Big Lebowski" (1998), "Fargo" (1996), "The Usual Suspects" (1995), and "Notting Hill" (1999).
Answer: 1999
Reasoning steps: The Game >> distributed by Answer: PolyGram Filmed Entertainment
When was PolyGram Filmed Entertainment abolished? Answer: 1999
Question: When was the publisher of Crux launched?
Context: Document 1: CrossGen: Cross Generation Entertainment, or CrossGen, was an American comic book publisher and entertainment company that operated from 1998 to 2004. The company's assets were acquired by The Walt Disney Company in 2004, and designated to Disney Publishing Worldwide. In July 2010, Disney re-established the brand through Marvel Comics, who announced plans to revive CrossGen titles.
Document 2: Crux (comics): Crux is an American comic book published by CrossGen Entertainment from May 2001 to February 2004. It was cancelled due to bankruptcy in 2004. Crux was one of the later titles that came first in a sort of second wave of Crossgen titles which included Sojourn and Brath. It detailed the exploits of six Atlanteans who were put into stasis and are awoken 100.000 years later.
Answer: 1998
Reasoning steps: Crux >> publisher Answer: CrossGen
When was CrossGen launched? Answer: 1998
Question: Jan Šindel's was born in what country?
Context: Document 1: Hradec Králové: Hradec Králové (; ) is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Hradec Králové Region of Bohemia. The city's economy is based on food-processing technology, photochemical, EMS and IT. Traditional industries include musical instrument manufacturing – the best known being Petrof pianos. The University of Hradec Králové is located in the city, the University of Defense has its only medical faculty in Hradec Králové and Charles University in Prague also has its Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and Faculty of Pharmacy there.
Document 2: Jan Šindel: Jan Šindel was born in the Bohemian town Hradec Králové probably in the 1370s. As a young man he came to Prague to study at Charles University. In 1395 or 1399 he became the Master of Arts at Prague University. In 1406 he worked at the parish school of the St. Nicolas Church in the Lesser Town of Prague. Later he worked as a teacher of mathematics in Vienna, where he also studied medicine. Then he came back to Prague and became the professor of astronomy at Charles University, where he became Doctor of Medicine and rector of the university in 1410.
Answer: Czech Republic
Reasoning steps: What is Jan Šindel's birthplace? Answer: Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové >> country Answer: Czech Republic
Question: What city is the person who broadened the doctrine of philosophy of language from?
Context: Document 1: Philosophy of language: In the early 19th century, the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard insisted that language ought to play a larger role in Western philosophy. He argues that philosophy has not sufficiently focused on the role language plays in cognition and that future philosophy ought to proceed with a conscious focus on language:
Document 2: Søren Kierkegaard: Kierkegaard was born to an affluent family in Copenhagen. His mother, Ane Sørensdatter Lund Kierkegaard, had served as a maid in the household before marrying his father, Michael Pedersen Kierkegaard. She was an unassuming figure: quiet, plain, and not formally educated, but Henriette Lund, her granddaughter, wrote that she "wielded the sceptre with joy and protected [Søren and Peter] like a hen protecting her chicks". She also wielded influence on her children so that later Peter said that his brother preserved many of their mother's words in his writings. His father, on the other hand, was a well-to-do wool merchant from Jutland. He was a "very stern man, to all appearances dry and prosaic, but under his 'rustic cloak' demeanor he concealed an active imagination which not even his great age could blunt". He was also interested in philosophy and often hosted intellectuals at his home. The young Kierkegaard read the philosophy of Christian Wolff. He also preferred the comedies of Ludvig Holberg, the writings of Georg Johann Hamann, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Edward Young, and Plato, especially those referring to Socrates.
Answer: Copenhagen
Reasoning steps: who broadened the doctrine of philosophy of language Answer: Søren Kierkegaard
What city is Søren Kierkegaard from? Answer: Copenhagen
Question: When was the baseball team winning the world series in 2015 baseball created?
Context: Document 1: 2015 World Series: The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions.
Document 2: Kansas City Royals: The Kansas City Royals are an American professional baseball team based in Kansas City, Missouri. The Royals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member team of the American League (AL) Central division. The team was founded as an expansion franchise in 1969, and has participated in four World Series, winning in 1985 and 2015, and losing in 1980 and 2014.
Answer: 1969
Reasoning steps: who won the world series in 2015 baseball Answer: Kansas City Royals
When was Kansas City Royals created? Answer: 1969
Question: Where did the Baldevins bryllup director die?
Context: Document 1: George Schnéevoigt: Schnéevoigt was born in Copenhagen, Denmark to actress Siri Schnéevoigt, and he is the father of actor and director Alf Schnéevoigt.
Document 2: Baldevins bryllup: Baldevins bryllup () is a 1926 Norwegian comedy film directed by George Schnéevoigt, starring Einar Sissener and Victor Bernau. The film is based on a play by Vilhelm Krag, and tells the story of how Simen Sørensen (Bernau) manages to get his friend Baldevin Jonassen (Sissener) married to the lady next door. The film was renovated in 2006, for the 100-years anniversary of Kristiansand Cinema.
Answer: Copenhagen
Reasoning steps: Who directed Baldevins bryllup? Answer: George Schnéevoigt
George Schnéevoigt >> place of death Answer: Copenhagen
Question: Who was thee first president of the association that wrote the code of ethics for psychology?
Context: Document 1: Adolescence: The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's "Adolescence in 1904." Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.
Document 2: APA Ethics Code: The American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (for short, the Ethics Code, as referred to by the APA) includes an introduction, preamble, a list of five aspirational principles and a list of ten enforceable standards that psychologists use to guide ethical decisions in practice, research, and education. The principles and standards are written, revised, and enforced by the APA. The code of conduct is applicable to psychologists in a variety of areas across a variety of contexts. In the event of a violation of the code of conduct, the APA may take action ranging from termination of the APA membership to the loss of licensure, depending on the violation. Other professional organizations and licensing boards may adopt and enforce the code.
Answer: G. Stanley Hall
Reasoning steps: who wrote the code of ethics for psychology Answer: The American Psychological Association
Who was the first president of The American Psychological Association ? Answer: G. Stanley Hall
Question: Which major Russian city borders the body of water in which Saaremaa is located?
Context: Document 1: Baltic Sea: Since May 2004, with the accession of the Baltic states and Poland, the Baltic Sea has been almost entirely surrounded by countries of the European Union (EU). The only remaining non-EU shore areas are Russian: the Saint Petersburg area and the exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast.
Document 2: Estonia: The Oeselians or Osilians (Estonian saarlased; singular: saarlane) were a historical subdivision of Estonians inhabiting Saaremaa (Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel), an Estonian island in the Baltic Sea. They were first mentioned as early as the second century BC in Ptolemy's Geography III. The Oeselians were known in the Old Norse Icelandic Sagas and in Heimskringla as Víkingr frá Esthland (Estonian Vikings). Their sailing vessels were called pirate ships by Henry of Latvia in his Latin chronicles written at the beginning of the 13th century.
Answer: Saint Petersburg
Reasoning steps: Where is Saaremaa located? Answer: the Baltic Sea
which major russian city borders the Baltic Sea Answer: Saint Petersburg
Question: When was the employer of John J. Collins established?
Context: Document 1: Yale University: Yale expanded gradually, establishing the Yale School of Medicine (1810), Yale Divinity School (1822), Yale Law School (1843), Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (1847), the Sheffield Scientific School (1847), and the Yale School of Fine Arts (1869). In 1887, as the college continued to grow under the presidency of Timothy Dwight V, Yale College was renamed Yale University. The university would later add the Yale School of Music (1894), the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies (founded by Gifford Pinchot in 1900), the Yale School of Public Health (1915), the Yale School of Nursing (1923), the Yale School of Drama (1955), the Yale Physician Associate Program (1973), and the Yale School of Management (1976). It would also reorganize its relationship with the Sheffield Scientific School.
Document 2: John J. Collins: John J. Collins (born 1946) is the Holmes Professor of Old Testament Criticism & Interpretation at Yale Divinity School. He is noted for his research in the Hebrew Bible, as well as the apocryphal works of the Second Temple period including the sectarian works found in Dead Sea Scrolls and their relation to Christian origins. Collins has published and edited over 300 scholarly works, and a number of popular level articles and books. Among his best known works are the "Between Athens and Jerusalem: Jewish Identity in the Hellenistic Diaspora" (New York: Crossroad, 1983); "Daniel" in the Hermeneia commentary series (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1993); "The Scepter and the Star. The Messiahs of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Other Ancient Literature" (New York: Doubleday, 1995); and "The Bible after Babel: Historical Criticism in a Postmodern Age" (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2005).
Answer: 1822
Reasoning steps: John J. Collins >> employer Answer: Yale Divinity School
When was Yale Divinity School established? Answer: 1822
Question: When did Bush declare the war causing Kerry to criticize him during the 2004 campaign?
Context: Document 1: John Kerry: In the lead up to the Iraq War, Kerry said on October 9, 2002; "I will be voting to give the President of the United States the authority to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein because I believe that a deadly arsenal of weapons of mass destruction in his hands is a real and grave threat to our security." Bush relied on that resolution in ordering the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Kerry also gave a January 23, 2003 speech to Georgetown University saying "Without question, we need to disarm Saddam Hussein. He is a brutal, murderous dictator; leading an oppressive regime he presents a particularly grievous threat because he is so consistently prone to miscalculation. So the threat of Saddam Hussein with weapons of mass destruction is real." Kerry did, however, warn that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war: "Mr. President, do not rush to war, take the time to build the coalition, because it's not winning the war that's hard, it's winning the peace that's hard."
Document 2: John Kerry: During his bid to be elected president in 2004, Kerry frequently criticized President George W. Bush for the Iraq War. While Kerry had initially voted in support of authorizing President Bush to use force in dealing with Saddam Hussein, he voted against an $87 billion supplemental appropriations bill to pay for the subsequent war. His statement on March 16, 2004, "I actually did vote for the $87 billion before I voted against it," helped the Bush campaign to paint him as a flip-flopper and has been cited as contributing to Kerry's defeat.
Answer: 2003
Reasoning steps: Why did Kerry criticize Bush during the 2004 campaign? Answer: for the Iraq War
When did Bush declare for the Iraq War ? Answer: 2003
Question: What is the college Francis Walsingham attended an instance of?
Context: Document 1: King's College, Cambridge: King's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. Formally The King's College of Our Lady and Saint Nicholas in Cambridge, the college lies beside the River Cam and faces out onto King's Parade in the centre of the city.
Document 2: Francis Walsingham: Francis Walsingham matriculated at King's College, Cambridge, in 1548 with many other Protestants but as an undergraduate of high social status did not sit for a degree. From 1550 or 1551, he travelled in continental Europe, returning to England by 1552 to enrol at Gray's Inn, one of the qualifying bodies for English lawyers.
Answer: college of the University of Cambridge
Reasoning steps: What college did Francis Walsingham go to? Answer: King's College
King's College >> instance of Answer: college of the University of Cambridge
Question: What type of university is the college Kyeon Mi-ri attended?
Context: Document 1: Sejong University: Sejong University (세종대학교, 世宗大學校) is a private university located in Seoul, South Korea. The history of Sejong University dates to 1940 when a trust established the Kyung Sung Humanities Institute. In 1978, the academy was named Sejong University in honor of Sejong the Great, the fourth king of the Chosun Dynasty and overseer of the Korean alphabet Hangeul.
Document 2: Kyeon Mi-ri: Kyeon Mi-ri graduated from Seoul Traditional Arts High School in 1983, then studied Dance at Sejong University. She made her acting debut in 1984, and has since become active in television dramas, most notably as the arrogant and ambitious Lady Choi in the 2003 period drama "Dae Jang Geum" (or "Jewel in the Palace"), which was a hit not only in Korea but throughout Asia.
Answer: private university
Reasoning steps: The college Kyeon Mi-ri attended was what? Answer: Sejong University
Sejong University >> instance of Answer: private university
Question: In what year was the author of The Insider's Guide to the Colleges established?
Context: Document 1: Yale University: The university hosts a variety of student journals, magazines, and newspapers. Established in 1872, The Yale Record is the world's oldest humor magazine. Newspapers include the Yale Daily News, which was first published in 1878, and the weekly Yale Herald, which was first published in 1986. Dwight Hall, an independent, non-profit community service organization, oversees more than 2,000 Yale undergraduates working on more than 70 community service initiatives in New Haven. The Yale College Council runs several agencies that oversee campus wide activities and student services. The Yale Dramatic Association and Bulldog Productions cater to the theater and film communities, respectively. In addition, the Yale Drama Coalition serves to coordinate between and provide resources for the various Sudler Fund sponsored theater productions which run each weekend. WYBC Yale Radio is the campus's radio station, owned and operated by students. While students used to broadcast on AM & FM frequencies, they now have an Internet-only stream.
Document 2: The Insider's Guide to the Colleges: The Insider's Guide to the Colleges is a college educational guide which has been published annually by the student editorial staff of the "Yale Daily News" for over four decades. It provides insight to prospective undergraduate students using first-hand accounts of attending students as well as an overview of the admissions process.
Answer: 1878
Reasoning steps: The Insider's Guide to the Colleges >> author Answer: Yale Daily News
In what year was Yale Daily News established? Answer: 1878
Question: When was the territory covered by RIBA's Cambridge branch office created?
Context: Document 1: Royal Institute of British Architects: The Institute also maintains a dozen regional offices around the United Kingdom, it opened its first regional office for the East of England at Cambridge in 1966.
Document 2: East of England: The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes. It was created in 1994 and was adopted for statistics from 1999. It includes the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. Essex has the highest population in the region.
Answer: 1994
Reasoning steps: What territory did RIBA's Cambridge branch office cover? Answer: the East of England
When was the East of England birthed? Answer: 1994
Question: What's the meaning of the name of the school that does not include the Mahayava scriptures in its canon?
Context: Document 1: Buddhism: Only the Theravada school does not include the Mahayana scriptures in its canon. As the modern Theravada school is descended from a branch of Buddhism that diverged and established itself in Sri Lanka prior to the emergence of the Mahayana texts, debate exists as to whether the Theravada were historically included in the hinayana designation; in the modern era, this label is seen as derogatory, and is generally avoided.
Document 2: Buddhism: Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.
Answer: The School of the Elders
Reasoning steps: What school does not include the Mahayava scriptures in its canon? Answer: the Theravada
the Theravada means what? Answer: The School of the Elders