gzone0111/musique_hotpotqa_graph_retriever huggingface dataset:
Question: Who is the explorer that accurately mapped the coasts of the continent Rubicon is located in and the WINEP bundled countries of Northwest Africa?
Context: Document 1: Near East: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.
Document 2: Crossing the Rubicon (Armageddon album): Crossing the Rubicon was an album by the Swedish melodic death metal band Armageddon, released in Europe on the now defunct W.A.R. records, and in Japan on Toy's Factory records in 1997. The album features Christopher Amott of Arch Enemy, as well as former Arch Enemy members Peter Wildoer and Martin Bengtsson. The album was only released in Japan, briefly in Europe, and is extremely hard to find.
Document 3: Piri Reis map: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan.
Answer: Piri Reis
Reasoning steps: How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? Answer: under "North Africa."
Rubicon >> continent Answer: Europe
the explorer accurately mapped the coasts of Europe and #1 Answer: Piri Reis
Question: Which explorer accurately mapped the coasts of the continent after which Europa Bridge is named and the continent under which WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa?
Context: Document 1: Near East: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.
Document 2: Europa Bridge: The Europa Bridge or Bridge of Europe ("Europabrücke") is a bridge carrying the A13 Brenner Autobahn (and European route E45) over the Wipp valley just south of Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria. The bridge spans the Sill River, and forms part of the main route across the Alps from western Austria to South Tyrol in Italy. It is also part of the main route between southeastern Germany and northern Italy.
Document 3: Piri Reis map: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan.
Answer: Piri Reis
Reasoning steps: How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? Answer: under "North Africa."
Whom is Europa Bridge named after? Answer: Europe
the explorer accurately mapped the coasts of Europe and #1 Answer: Piri Reis
Question: Which explorer accurately mapped the coasts of the continent on which the Kingdom of the Netherlands is located and the region under which WINEP bundles the countries of northwest Africa?
Context: Document 1: Postage stamps and postal history of the Netherlands: The postal region of the Netherlands is located in North-West Europe and comprises the whole territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Europe and until 2010 the full territory of the country the Netherlands. Four other postal regions exist in the kingdom: for Aruba, the Caribbean Netherlands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba), Curaçao and Sint Maarten.
Document 2: Near East: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.
Document 3: Piri Reis map: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan.
Answer: Piri Reis
Reasoning steps: How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? Answer: under "North Africa."
Kingdom of the Netherlands >> continent Answer: Europe
the explorer accurately mapped the coasts of Europe and #1 Answer: Piri Reis
Question: Who accurately mapped the coasts of the continent first modern greenhouses were built and the region WINEP bundled the countries of Northwest Africa?
Context: Document 1: Solar energy: Greenhouses convert solar light to heat, enabling year-round production and the growth (in enclosed environments) of specialty crops and other plants not naturally suited to the local climate. Primitive greenhouses were first used during Roman times to produce cucumbers year-round for the Roman emperor Tiberius. The first modern greenhouses were built in Europe in the 16th century to keep exotic plants brought back from explorations abroad. Greenhouses remain an important part of horticulture today, and plastic transparent materials have also been used to similar effect in polytunnels and row covers.
Document 2: Near East: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.
Document 3: Piri Reis map: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan.
Answer: Piri Reis
Reasoning steps: How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? Answer: under "North Africa."
Where were the first modern greenhouses built? Answer: Europe
the explorer accurately mapped the coasts of Europe and #1 Answer: Piri Reis
Question: Which explorer accurately mapped the coasts of the center of the Enlightenment and the region under which WINEP bundles the countries of northwest Africa?
Context: Document 1: Near East: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.
Document 2: Piri Reis map: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan.
Document 3: Age of Enlightenment: The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in French: le Siècle des Lumières, lit. '``the Century of Lights '''; and in German: Aufklärung,`` Enlightenment'') was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, ``The Century of Philosophy ''.
Answer: Piri Reis
Reasoning steps: How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? Answer: under "North Africa."
where did the center of the enlightenment take place Answer: Europe
the explorer accurately mapped the coasts of Europe and #1 Answer: Piri Reis
Question: In which area of the continent where Galdhøpiggen is located did the period when the mosaic fell out of fashion begin
Context: Document 1: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Document 2: Mosaic: Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.
Document 3: Galdhøpiggen: Galdhøpiggen is the tallest mountain in Norway, Scandinavia and Northern Europe, at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above sea level. It is in the municipality of Lom (in Oppland), in the Jotunheimen mountain area.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Galdhøpiggen? Answer: Europe
When did mosaic fall out of fashion? Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy
Question: The art period in which linear perspective was perfected began in which area of the continent of Galdhøpiggen?
Context: Document 1: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Document 2: Galdhøpiggen: Galdhøpiggen is the tallest mountain in Norway, Scandinavia and Northern Europe, at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above sea level. It is in the municipality of Lom (in Oppland), in the Jotunheimen mountain area.
Document 3: Filippo Brunelleschi: Filippo Brunelleschi (Italian: (fiˈlippo brunelˈleski); 1377 -- April 15, 1446) was an Italian designer and a key figure in architecture, recognised to be the first modern engineer, planner and sole construction supervisor. He was one of the founding fathers of the Renaissance. He is generally well known for developing a technique for linear perspective in art and for building the dome of the Florence Cathedral. Heavily dependent on mirrors and geometry, to ``reinforce Christian spiritual reality '', his formulation of linear perspective governed pictorial depiction of space until the late 19th century. It also had the most profound -- and quite unanticipated -- influence on the rise of modern science. His accomplishments also include other architectural works, sculpture, mathematics, engineering, and ship design. His principal surviving works are to be found in Florence, Italy. Unfortunately, his two original linear perspective panels have been lost.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Galdhøpiggen? Answer: Europe
linear perspective was perfected during which art period quizlet Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy
Question: Where in the continent Galdhøpiggen is located did the period in history where anatomical studies of nerves greatly increased begin?
Context: Document 1: Galdhøpiggen: Galdhøpiggen is the tallest mountain in Norway, Scandinavia and Northern Europe, at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above sea level. It is in the municipality of Lom (in Oppland), in the Jotunheimen mountain area.
Document 2: Brain: The Roman physician Galen also argued for the importance of the brain, and theorized in some depth about how it might work. Galen traced out the anatomical relationships among brain, nerves, and muscles, demonstrating that all muscles in the body are connected to the brain through a branching network of nerves. He postulated that nerves activate muscles mechanically by carrying a mysterious substance he called pneumata psychikon, usually translated as "animal spirits". Galen's ideas were widely known during the Middle Ages, but not much further progress came until the Renaissance, when detailed anatomical study resumed, combined with the theoretical speculations of René Descartes and those who followed him. Descartes, like Galen, thought of the nervous system in hydraulic terms. He believed that the highest cognitive functions are carried out by a non-physical res cogitans, but that the majority of behaviors of humans, and all behaviors of animals, could be explained mechanistically.
Document 3: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Galdhøpiggen? Answer: Europe
What period in history was anatomical studies of nerves greatly increased? Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy
Question: In which area of the continent in which Galdhøpiggen is located did the period during methods originated with which children were taught to memorize facts?
Context: Document 1: Galdhøpiggen: Galdhøpiggen is the tallest mountain in Norway, Scandinavia and Northern Europe, at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above sea level. It is in the municipality of Lom (in Oppland), in the Jotunheimen mountain area.
Document 2: Age of Enlightenment: The predominant educational psychology from the 1750s onward, especially in northern European countries was associationism, the notion that the mind associates or dissociates ideas through repeated routines. In addition to being conducive to Enlightenment ideologies of liberty, self-determination and personal responsibility, it offered a practical theory of the mind that allowed teachers to transform longstanding forms of print and manuscript culture into effective graphic tools of learning for the lower and middle orders of society. Children were taught to memorize facts through oral and graphic methods that originated during the Renaissance.
Document 3: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Galdhøpiggen? Answer: Europe
Children were taught to memorize facts through methods that originated during which time period? Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy
Question: The period during which the mosaic fell out of fashion began in which area of the continent where Segrate is located?
Context: Document 1: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Document 2: Segrate: Although it is a small town, Segrate hosts large structures such as the CILEA Interuniversity Consortium, among the most advanced supercomputing centers in Europe, and the San Raffaele Hospital. Segrate received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 23 June 1989.
Document 3: Mosaic: Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Segrate? Answer: Europe
When did mosaic fall out of fashion? Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy
Question: The era when the linear perspective was perfected began in which area of the continent Segrate is located?
Context: Document 1: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Document 2: Filippo Brunelleschi: Filippo Brunelleschi (Italian: (fiˈlippo brunelˈleski); 1377 -- April 15, 1446) was an Italian designer and a key figure in architecture, recognised to be the first modern engineer, planner and sole construction supervisor. He was one of the founding fathers of the Renaissance. He is generally well known for developing a technique for linear perspective in art and for building the dome of the Florence Cathedral. Heavily dependent on mirrors and geometry, to ``reinforce Christian spiritual reality '', his formulation of linear perspective governed pictorial depiction of space until the late 19th century. It also had the most profound -- and quite unanticipated -- influence on the rise of modern science. His accomplishments also include other architectural works, sculpture, mathematics, engineering, and ship design. His principal surviving works are to be found in Florence, Italy. Unfortunately, his two original linear perspective panels have been lost.
Document 3: Segrate: Although it is a small town, Segrate hosts large structures such as the CILEA Interuniversity Consortium, among the most advanced supercomputing centers in Europe, and the San Raffaele Hospital. Segrate received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 23 June 1989.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Segrate? Answer: Europe
linear perspective was perfected during which art period quizlet Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy
Question: Where did the period in history when anatomical studies of nerves greatly increase begin in the continent of Segrate?
Context: Document 1: Segrate: Although it is a small town, Segrate hosts large structures such as the CILEA Interuniversity Consortium, among the most advanced supercomputing centers in Europe, and the San Raffaele Hospital. Segrate received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 23 June 1989.
Document 2: Brain: The Roman physician Galen also argued for the importance of the brain, and theorized in some depth about how it might work. Galen traced out the anatomical relationships among brain, nerves, and muscles, demonstrating that all muscles in the body are connected to the brain through a branching network of nerves. He postulated that nerves activate muscles mechanically by carrying a mysterious substance he called pneumata psychikon, usually translated as "animal spirits". Galen's ideas were widely known during the Middle Ages, but not much further progress came until the Renaissance, when detailed anatomical study resumed, combined with the theoretical speculations of René Descartes and those who followed him. Descartes, like Galen, thought of the nervous system in hydraulic terms. He believed that the highest cognitive functions are carried out by a non-physical res cogitans, but that the majority of behaviors of humans, and all behaviors of animals, could be explained mechanistically.
Document 3: Renaissance: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.
Answer: seemingly in Italy
Reasoning steps: What is the continent of Segrate? Answer: Europe
What period in history was anatomical studies of nerves greatly increased? Answer: the Renaissance
the the Renaissance began in which area of #1 Answer: seemingly in Italy