gzone0111/musique_hotpotqa_graph_retriever huggingface dataset:
Question: When did the city where the creator of The Last Judgment died, begin following a monotheistic religion?
Context: Document 1: The Last Judgment (Fra Angelico, Florence): The Last Judgment (tempera on panel) is a painting by the Renaissance artist Fra Angelico. It was commissioned by the Camaldolese Order for the newly elected abbot, the humanist scholar Ambrogio Traversari. It is variously dated to c1425, 1425–30 and 1431. It was originally sited in the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli and now is in the museum of San Marco, Florence. It is not to be confused with another Fra Angelico "Last Judgement" in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin.
Document 2: Religion in ancient Rome: In 380, under Theodosius I, Nicene Christianity became the official state religion of the Roman Empire. Christian heretics as well as non-Christians were subject to exclusion from public life or persecution, though Rome's original religious hierarchy and many aspects of its ritual influenced Christian forms, and many pre-Christian beliefs and practices survived in Christian festivals and local traditions.
Document 3: Fra Angelico: In 1445 Pope Eugene IV summoned him to Rome to paint the frescoes of the Chapel of the Holy Sacrament at St Peter's, later demolished by Pope Paul III. Vasari claims that at this time Fra Angelico was offered the Archbishopric of Florence by Pope Nicholas V, and that he refused it, recommending another friar for the position. The story seems possible and even likely. However, if Vasari's date is correct, then the pope must have been Eugene IV and not Nicholas, who was elected Pope only on 6 March 1447. Moreover, the archbishop in 1446–1459 was the Dominican Antoninus of Florence (Antonio Pierozzi), canonized by Pope Adrian VI in 1523. In 1447 Fra Angelico was in Orvieto with his pupil, Benozzo Gozzoli, executing works for the Cathedral. Among his other pupils were Zanobi Strozzi.
Answer: 380
Reasoning steps: The Last Judgment >> creator Answer: Fra Angelico
In what city did Fra Angelico die? Answer: Rome
when did Rome begin following a monotheistic religion Answer: 380
Question: What was the pantheon used for in the city in where the creator of Fiesole Altarpiece died?
Context: Document 1: Pantheon, Rome: The Pantheon (/ ˈpænθiən / or US: / ˈpænθiɒn /; Latin: Pantheum, from Greek Πάνθειον Pantheion, ``(temple) of all the gods '') is a former Roman temple, now a church, in Rome, Italy, on the site of an earlier temple commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus (27 BC -- 14 AD). The present building was completed by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated about 126 AD. He retained Agrippa's original inscription, which has caused confusion over its date of construction as the original Pantheon burned down, so it is not certain when the present one was built.
Document 2: Fiesole Altarpiece: The Fiesole Altarpiece is a painting by the Italian early Renaissance master Fra Angelico, executed around 1424–1425. It is housed in the Convent of San Domenico, Fiesole, central Italy. The background was repainted by Lorenzo di Credi in 1501.
Document 3: Fra Angelico: In 1445 Pope Eugene IV summoned him to Rome to paint the frescoes of the Chapel of the Holy Sacrament at St Peter's, later demolished by Pope Paul III. Vasari claims that at this time Fra Angelico was offered the Archbishopric of Florence by Pope Nicholas V, and that he refused it, recommending another friar for the position. The story seems possible and even likely. However, if Vasari's date is correct, then the pope must have been Eugene IV and not Nicholas, who was elected Pope only on 6 March 1447. Moreover, the archbishop in 1446–1459 was the Dominican Antoninus of Florence (Antonio Pierozzi), canonized by Pope Adrian VI in 1523. In 1447 Fra Angelico was in Orvieto with his pupil, Benozzo Gozzoli, executing works for the Cathedral. Among his other pupils were Zanobi Strozzi.
Answer: temple, now a church
Reasoning steps: Fiesole Altarpiece >> creator Answer: Fra Angelico
In what city did Fra Angelico die? Answer: Rome
what was the pantheon in Rome used for Answer: temple, now a church
Question: What was the pantheon in the city serving as the center of imperial life in the early fifth century in the empire whose government inspired the Carolingian empire used for?
Context: Document 1: Military history of France: Under Charlemagne the Franks reached the height of their power. After campaigns against Lombards, Avars, Saxons, and Basques, the resulting Carolingian Empire stretched from the Pyrenees to Central Germany, from the North Sea to the Adriatic. In 800 the Pope made Charlemagne Emperor of the West in return for protection of the Church. The Carolingian Empire was a conscious effort to recreate a central administration modeled on that of the Roman Empire,[13] but the motivations behind military expansion differed. Charlemagne hoped to provide his nobles an incentive to fight by encouraging looting on campaign. Plunder and spoils of war were stronger temptations than imperial expansion, and several regions were invaded over and over in order to bolster the coffers of Frankish nobility.[14] Cavalry dominated the battlefields, and while the high costs associated with equipping horses and horse-riders helped limit their numbers, Carolingian armies maintained an average size of 20,000 by recruiting infantry from imperial territories near theaters of operation.[15] The Empire lasted from 800 to 843, when, following Frankish tradition, it was split between the sons of Louis the Pious by the Treaty of Verdun.
Document 2: Pantheon, Rome: The Pantheon (/ ˈpænθiən / or US: / ˈpænθiɒn /; Latin: Pantheum, from Greek Πάνθειον Pantheion, ``(temple) of all the gods '') is a former Roman temple, now a church, in Rome, Italy, on the site of an earlier temple commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus (27 BC -- 14 AD). The present building was completed by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated about 126 AD. He retained Agrippa's original inscription, which has caused confusion over its date of construction as the original Pantheon burned down, so it is not certain when the present one was built.
Document 3: Early Middle Ages: For almost a thousand years, Rome was the most politically important, richest and largest city in Europe. Around 100 CE, it had a population of about 450,000, and declined to a mere 20,000 during the Early Middle Ages, reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins and vegetation.
Answer: temple, now a church
Reasoning steps: What government was the Carolingian Empire inspired by? Answer: the Roman Empire
what city was the center of imperial life in the Roman Empire in the early fifth century Answer: Rome
what was the pantheon in Rome used for Answer: temple, now a church
Question: When was the circus maximus built in the city being the center of imperial life in the early fifth century in the government inspiring the Carolingian Empire?
Context: Document 1: Military history of France: Under Charlemagne the Franks reached the height of their power. After campaigns against Lombards, Avars, Saxons, and Basques, the resulting Carolingian Empire stretched from the Pyrenees to Central Germany, from the North Sea to the Adriatic. In 800 the Pope made Charlemagne Emperor of the West in return for protection of the Church. The Carolingian Empire was a conscious effort to recreate a central administration modeled on that of the Roman Empire,[13] but the motivations behind military expansion differed. Charlemagne hoped to provide his nobles an incentive to fight by encouraging looting on campaign. Plunder and spoils of war were stronger temptations than imperial expansion, and several regions were invaded over and over in order to bolster the coffers of Frankish nobility.[14] Cavalry dominated the battlefields, and while the high costs associated with equipping horses and horse-riders helped limit their numbers, Carolingian armies maintained an average size of 20,000 by recruiting infantry from imperial territories near theaters of operation.[15] The Empire lasted from 800 to 843, when, following Frankish tradition, it was split between the sons of Louis the Pious by the Treaty of Verdun.
Document 2: Early Middle Ages: For almost a thousand years, Rome was the most politically important, richest and largest city in Europe. Around 100 CE, it had a population of about 450,000, and declined to a mere 20,000 during the Early Middle Ages, reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins and vegetation.
Document 3: Circus Maximus: Circus Maximus Modern (1978) view of the Circus site from the south - east Location Regio XI Circus Maximus Built in Old Kingdom era Type of structure Circus Circus Maximus
Answer: Old Kingdom era
Reasoning steps: What government was the Carolingian Empire inspired by? Answer: the Roman Empire
what city was the center of imperial life in the Roman Empire in the early fifth century Answer: Rome
when was the circus maximus built in Rome Answer: Old Kingdom era
Question: Who was the first Emperor of the city that was the center of imperial life in the empire that inspired the Carolingian Empire?
Context: Document 1: Early Middle Ages: For almost a thousand years, Rome was the most politically important, richest and largest city in Europe. Around 100 CE, it had a population of about 450,000, and declined to a mere 20,000 during the Early Middle Ages, reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins and vegetation.
Document 2: Roman Republic: However, civil war flared again when the Second Triumvirate of Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony failed. The ambitious Octavian built a power base of patronage and then launched a campaign against Mark Antony. At the naval Battle of Actium off the coast of Greece, Octavian decisively defeated Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian was granted a series of special powers including sole "imperium" within the city of Rome, permanent consular powers and credit for every Roman military victory, since all future generals were assumed to be acting under his command. In 27 BC Octavian was granted the use of the names "Augustus" and "Princeps", indicating his primary status above all other Romans, and he adopted the title "Imperator Caesar" making him the first Roman Emperor.
Document 3: Military history of France: Under Charlemagne the Franks reached the height of their power. After campaigns against Lombards, Avars, Saxons, and Basques, the resulting Carolingian Empire stretched from the Pyrenees to Central Germany, from the North Sea to the Adriatic. In 800 the Pope made Charlemagne Emperor of the West in return for protection of the Church. The Carolingian Empire was a conscious effort to recreate a central administration modeled on that of the Roman Empire,[13] but the motivations behind military expansion differed. Charlemagne hoped to provide his nobles an incentive to fight by encouraging looting on campaign. Plunder and spoils of war were stronger temptations than imperial expansion, and several regions were invaded over and over in order to bolster the coffers of Frankish nobility.[14] Cavalry dominated the battlefields, and while the high costs associated with equipping horses and horse-riders helped limit their numbers, Carolingian armies maintained an average size of 20,000 by recruiting infantry from imperial territories near theaters of operation.[15] The Empire lasted from 800 to 843, when, following Frankish tradition, it was split between the sons of Louis the Pious by the Treaty of Verdun.
Answer: Octavian
Reasoning steps: What government was the Carolingian Empire inspired by? Answer: the Roman Empire
what city was the center of imperial life in the Roman Empire in the early fifth century Answer: Rome
Who has been designated as the first Emperor of Rome ? Answer: Octavian
Question: When did the country that the director for Aybolit-66 held a citizenship break up?
Context: Document 1: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic: On December 25, 1991, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the republic was renamed the Russian Federation, which it remains to this day. This name and "Russia" were specified as the official state names in the April 21, 1992 amendment to the existing constitution and were retained as such in the 1993 Constitution of Russia.
Document 2: Aybolit-66: Aybolit-66 () is a 1966 Soviet comedy film for children directed by Rolan Bykov. It is based on a story by Kornei Chukovsky. The film features Oleg Yefremov as the good "Aibolit" and Rolan Bykov as the evil "Barmalei".
Document 3: Trial on the Road: "Trial on the Road" was censored and taken out of circulation in the Soviet Union for 15 years after its release due to its controversial depiction of Soviet soldiers. The film is based on a story by the director's father, Yuri German. The screenplay was written by Eduard Volodarsky.
Answer: December 25, 1991
Reasoning steps: Who served as director for Aybolit-66? Answer: Rolan Bykov
Rolan Bykov >> country of citizenship Answer: Soviet Union
When did Soviet Union break up? Answer: December 25, 1991
Question: Who publicly wanted peace with the country that the director of Aybolit-66 was a citizen of?
Context: Document 1: Aybolit-66: Aybolit-66 () is a 1966 Soviet comedy film for children directed by Rolan Bykov. It is based on a story by Kornei Chukovsky. The film features Oleg Yefremov as the good "Aibolit" and Rolan Bykov as the evil "Barmalei".
Document 2: Trial on the Road: "Trial on the Road" was censored and taken out of circulation in the Soviet Union for 15 years after its release due to its controversial depiction of Soviet soldiers. The film is based on a story by the director's father, Yuri German. The screenplay was written by Eduard Volodarsky.
Document 3: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact: The Communist Party of Germany featured similar attitudes. In Die Welt, a communist newspaper published in Stockholm[e] the exiled communist leader Walter Ulbricht opposed the allies (Britain representing "the most reactionary force in the world") and argued: "The German government declared itself ready for friendly relations with the Soviet Union, whereas the English–French war bloc desires a war against the socialist Soviet Union. The Soviet people and the working people of Germany have an interest in preventing the English war plan."
Answer: German government
Reasoning steps: Who served as director for Aybolit-66? Answer: Rolan Bykov
Rolan Bykov >> country of citizenship Answer: Soviet Union
Who publicly wanted peace with Soviet Union Answer: German government
Question: In which century did the country of citizenship of the director of Aybolit-66 invade Afghanistan?
Context: Document 1: Trial on the Road: "Trial on the Road" was censored and taken out of circulation in the Soviet Union for 15 years after its release due to its controversial depiction of Soviet soldiers. The film is based on a story by the director's father, Yuri German. The screenplay was written by Eduard Volodarsky.
Document 2: History of Central Asia: The dominance of the nomads ended in the 16th century as firearms allowed settled people to gain control of the region. The Russian Empire, the Qing dynasty of China, and other powers expanded into the area and seized the bulk of Central Asia by the end of the 19th century. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Soviet Union incorporated most of Central Asia; only Mongolia and Afghanistan remained nominally independent, although Mongolia existed as a Soviet satellite state and Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan in the late 20th century. The Soviet areas of Central Asia saw much industrialisation and construction of infrastructure, but also the suppression of local cultures and a lasting legacy of ethnic tensions and environmental problems.
Document 3: Aybolit-66: Aybolit-66 () is a 1966 Soviet comedy film for children directed by Rolan Bykov. It is based on a story by Kornei Chukovsky. The film features Oleg Yefremov as the good "Aibolit" and Rolan Bykov as the evil "Barmalei".
Answer: 20th century
Reasoning steps: Who served as director for Aybolit-66? Answer: Rolan Bykov
Rolan Bykov >> country of citizenship Answer: Soviet Union
In which century did Soviet Union invade Afghanistan? Answer: 20th century
Question: Who was the president of the country where an oblast was broken up in 1943 in 1971?
Context: Document 1: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic: In 1943, Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved by Joseph Stalin, when the Karachays were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans and territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR.
Document 2: List of leaders of the Soviet Union: Leonid Brezhnev (1906 -- 1982) 14 October 1964 ↓ 10 November 1982 † 23rd -- 26th Congress Served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, was later renamed General Secretary, and was co-equal with premier Alexei Kosygin until the 1970s. To consolidate his power he later assumed the title of Chairman of the Presidium.
Document 3: Karachay Autonomous Oblast: Karachay Autonomous Oblast was an autonomous oblast in the Soviet Union created on 26 April 1926. It was formed by the split of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in 1926, creating Karachay and Cherkess Autonomous Oblast. Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved during World War II, when the Karachay people were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans. During this time, part of the territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR. In 1957 it and the Cherkess Autonomous Oblast merged to reinstate the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast.
Answer: Leonid Brezhnev
Reasoning steps: Which oblast was broken up in 1943? Answer: Karachay Autonomous Oblast
Karachay Autonomous Oblast >> country Answer: Soviet Union
who was the president of Soviet Union in 1971 Answer: Leonid Brezhnev
Question: What was the trade route between Germany and the country where the oblast that was broken up in 1943 located?
Context: Document 1: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic: In 1943, Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved by Joseph Stalin, when the Karachays were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans and territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR.
Document 2: Karachay Autonomous Oblast: Karachay Autonomous Oblast was an autonomous oblast in the Soviet Union created on 26 April 1926. It was formed by the split of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in 1926, creating Karachay and Cherkess Autonomous Oblast. Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved during World War II, when the Karachay people were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans. During this time, part of the territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR. In 1957 it and the Cherkess Autonomous Oblast merged to reinstate the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast.
Document 3: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact: Germany and the Soviet Union entered an intricate trade pact on February 11, 1940, that was over four times larger than the one the two countries had signed in August 1939. The trade pact helped Germany to surmount a British blockade of Germany. In the first year, Germany received one million tons of cereals, half a million tons of wheat, 900,000 tons of oil, 100,000 tons of cotton, 500,000 tons of phosphates and considerable amounts of other vital raw materials, along with the transit of one million tons of soybeans from Manchuria.[citation needed] These and other supplies were being transported through Soviet and occupied Polish territories. The Soviets were to receive a naval cruiser, the plans to the battleship Bismarck, heavy naval guns, other naval gear and thirty of Germany's latest warplanes, including the Me-109 and Me-110 fighters and Ju-88 bomber. The Soviets would also receive oil and electric equipment, locomotives, turbines, generators, diesel engines, ships, machine tools and samples of German artillery, tanks, explosives, chemical-warfare equipment and other items.
Answer: occupied Polish territories
Reasoning steps: Which oblast was broken up in 1943? Answer: Karachay Autonomous Oblast
Karachay Autonomous Oblast >> country Answer: Soviet Union
What was the trade route between german and Soviet Union ? Answer: occupied Polish territories
Question: In what century did the country where the oblast that was broken up in 1943 located invade Afghanistan?
Context: Document 1: History of Central Asia: The dominance of the nomads ended in the 16th century as firearms allowed settled people to gain control of the region. The Russian Empire, the Qing dynasty of China, and other powers expanded into the area and seized the bulk of Central Asia by the end of the 19th century. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Soviet Union incorporated most of Central Asia; only Mongolia and Afghanistan remained nominally independent, although Mongolia existed as a Soviet satellite state and Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan in the late 20th century. The Soviet areas of Central Asia saw much industrialisation and construction of infrastructure, but also the suppression of local cultures and a lasting legacy of ethnic tensions and environmental problems.
Document 2: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic: In 1943, Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved by Joseph Stalin, when the Karachays were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans and territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR.
Document 3: Karachay Autonomous Oblast: Karachay Autonomous Oblast was an autonomous oblast in the Soviet Union created on 26 April 1926. It was formed by the split of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in 1926, creating Karachay and Cherkess Autonomous Oblast. Karachay Autonomous Oblast was dissolved during World War II, when the Karachay people were exiled to Central Asia for their alleged collaboration with the Germans. During this time, part of the territory was incorporated into the Georgian SSR. In 1957 it and the Cherkess Autonomous Oblast merged to reinstate the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast.
Answer: 20th century
Reasoning steps: Which oblast was broken up in 1943? Answer: Karachay Autonomous Oblast
Karachay Autonomous Oblast >> country Answer: Soviet Union
In which century did Soviet Union invade Afghanistan? Answer: 20th century
Question: When did the country having the performer of Shabash invade Manchuria?
Context: Document 1: Red Wave: Red Wave: 4 Underground Bands from the Soviet Union was a split double album released in 1986 and featuring Russian rock bands Aquarium, Kino, Alisa, and Strannye Igry (Strange Games), all from Leningrad. It was the first release of Russian rock music into the United States.
Document 2: Shabash (album): Shabash () is a live album by Russian rock band Alisa. It was released on 25 April 1991. The album was recorded at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow on 28 October 1990. The concert was part of the "Shabash" Tour, which ran between 1989 and 1991.
Document 3: Pacific War: The Pacific War saw the Allied powers pitted against the Empire of Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by its Axis allies, Germany and Italy. The war culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and other large aerial bomb attacks by the United States Army Air Forces, accompanied by the Soviet invasion of Manchuria on 8 August 1945, resulting in the Japanese announcement of intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal and official surrender of Japan took place aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. Following its defeat, Japan's Shinto Emperor stepped down as the divine leader through the Shinto Directive, because the Allied Powers believed this was the major political cause of Japan's military aggression and deconstruction process soon took place to install a new liberal-democratic constitution to the Japanese public as the current Constitution of Japan.
Answer: 8 August 1945
Reasoning steps: Shabash >> performer Answer: Alisa
Alisa >> country Answer: Soviet Union
When did Soviet Union invade Manchuria? Answer: 8 August 1945