gzone0111/musique_hotpotqa_graph_retriever huggingface dataset:
Question: Ibou Omar Touray plast as a left back for a professional football club that plays in what leauge?
Context: Document 1: Ibou Touray: Ibou Omar Touray (born 24 December 1994) is a footballer who plays for Salford City, as a left back.
Document 2: Salford City F.C.: Salford City Football Club is a professional football club in the Kersal area of Salford, Greater Manchester, England, which plays in National League North, the sixth tier of English football.
Answer: National League North
Question: Who designed the second most produced American fighter aircraft during World War II?
Context: Document 1: Curtiss P-40 Warhawk: The Curtiss P-40 Warhawk is an American single-engined, single-seat, all-metal fighter and ground-attack aircraft that first flew in 1938. The P-40 design was a modification of the previous Curtiss P-36 Hawk which reduced development time and enabled a rapid entry into production and operational service. The Warhawk was used by most Allied powers during World War II, and remained in frontline service until the end of the war. It was the third most-produced American fighter, after the P-51 and P-47; by November 1944, when production of the P-40 ceased, 13,738 had been built, all at Curtiss-Wright Corporation's main production facilities at Buffalo, New York.
Document 2: North American P-51 Mustang: The North American Aviation P-51 Mustang is an American long-range, single-seat fighter and fighter-bomber used during World War II and the Korean War, among other conflicts. The Mustang was designed in 1940 by North American Aviation (NAA) in response to a requirement of the British Purchasing Commission. The Purchasing Commission approached North American Aviation to build Curtiss P-40 fighters under license for the Royal Air Force (RAF). Rather than build an old design from another company, North American Aviation proposed the design and production of a more modern fighter. The prototype NA-73X airframe was rolled out on 9 September 1940, 102 days after the contract was signed, and first flew on 26 October.
Answer: North American Aviation
Question: What is the type of particle of the concept that was proposed by the Soviet physicist who also discovered the theory of superfluidity?
Context: Document 1: Polaron: A polaron is a quasiparticle used in condensed matter physics to understand the interactions between electrons and atoms in a solid material. The polaron concept was first proposed by Lev Landau in 1933 to describe an electron moving in a dielectric crystal where the atoms move from their equilibrium positions to effectively screen the charge of an electron, known as a phonon cloud. This lowers the electron mobility and increases the electron's effective mass.
Document 2: Lev Landau: Lev Davidovich Landau (Russian: Лев Дави́дович Ланда́у ; ] ; January 22 [O.S. January 9] 1908 1 April 1968) was a Soviet physicist who made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics. His accomplishments include the independent co-discovery of the density matrix method in quantum mechanics (alongside John von Neumann), the quantum mechanical theory of diamagnetism, the theory of superfluidity, the theory of second-order phase transitions, the Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity, the theory of Fermi liquid, the explanation of Landau damping in plasma physics, the Landau pole in quantum electrodynamics, the two-component theory of neutrinos, and Landau's equations for "S" matrix singularities. He received the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physics for his development of a mathematical theory of superfluidity that accounts for the properties of liquid helium II at a temperature below ( ).
Answer: quasiparticle
Question: Are Chantal Claret and Hayley Williams both singer-songwriters?
Context: Document 1: Chantal Claret: Chantal Claret Euringer (born February 21, 1982), known as Chantal Claret, is an American singer/songwriter. She is best known as the lead singer for the rock and power pop band Morningwood.
Document 2: Hayley Williams: Hayley Nichole Williams (born December 27, 1988) is an American singer, songwriter and musician. She serves as the lead vocalist, primary songwriter and occasional keyboardist of the rock band Paramore. The band was formed in 2004 by Josh Farro, Zac Farro, Jeremy Davis and Williams. The band consists of Hayley Williams, Zac Farro and Taylor York. The band has five studio albums: "All We Know Is Falling" (2005), "Riot!" (2007), "Brand New Eyes" (2009), "Paramore" (2013) and "After Laughter" (2017).
Answer: yes
Question: Who plaid for Arsenal W.F.C?
Context: Document 1: Arsenal W.F.C.: Arsenal Women Football Club, formerly known as Arsenal Ladies Football Club, is an English women's association football club affiliated with Arsenal Football Club. Founded in 1987, they are the most successful club in English women's football having won 43 major trophies to date; which are 2 FA WSL titles, 12 FA Women's Premier League titles, 14 FA Women's Cups, ten Women's Premier League Cups, 4 FA WSL Continental Cups and one UEFA Women's Champions League (formerly the UEFA Women's Cup).
Document 2: Jordan Nobbs: Jordan Nobbs (born 8 December 1992) is an English footballer who plays for Arsenal. She is a combative, goalscoring central midfielder. She has represented the England women's national football team and youth and senior level and is nicknamed "Nobber" by her England team–mates.
Answer: Jordan Nobbs
Question: Who Killed Nelson Nutmeg? starred the actress who played what role in the Harry Potter series?
Context: Document 1: Bonnie Wright: Bonnie Francesca Wright (born 17 February 1991) is a British actress, film director and model. She is best known for playing the role of Ginny Weasley in the "Harry Potter" film series, based on the "Harry Potter" novel series by British author J. K. Rowling.
Document 2: Who Killed Nelson Nutmeg?: Who Killed Nelson Nutmeg? is a 2015 British independent family film written and directed by Tim Clague and Danny Stack and starring Bonnie Wright.
Answer: Ginny Weasley
Question: Rosemary Pauline "Rose" West, is a British serial killer, now an inmate at HMP Low Newton, Brasside, Durham, after being convicted of ten murders in 1995, her husband, named what,an English serial killer who committed at least 12 murders between 1967 and 1987 in Gloucestershire, the majority with his wife, committed suicide in prison while awaiting trial ?
Context: Document 1: Rosemary West: Rosemary Pauline "Rose" West ("née" Letts; born 29 November 1953) is a British serial killer, now an inmate at HMP Low Newton, Brasside, Durham, after being convicted of ten murders in 1995. Her husband Fred, who committed suicide in prison while awaiting trial, is believed to have collaborated with her in the torture and murder of at least nine young women between 1973 and 1987, whereas Rose was judged to have murdered her 8-year-old stepdaughter, Charmaine, in 1971. The majority of these murders were committed at the couple's home, 25 Cromwell Street in Gloucester, England.
Document 2: Fred West: Frederick Walter Stephen West (29 September 1941 – 1 January 1995) was an English serial killer who committed at least 12 murders between 1967 and 1987 in Gloucestershire, the majority with his second wife, Rosemary West.
Answer: Frederick Walter Stephen West
Question: What is the name of the 2008 cookbook, based on a Yountville, California restaurant, written by Thomas Keller and Michael Ruhlman?
Context: Document 1: Under Pressure (cookbook): Under Pressure: Cooking Sous Vide is a 2008 cookbook written by American chefs Thomas Keller and Michael Ruhlman. The cookbook contains a variety of sous-vide recipes, a technique Thomas Keller began experimenting with in the 1990s. The recipes in "Under Pressure" are those prepared in Thomas Keller's The French Laundry and Per Se restaurants. The book also contains sous-vide cooking techniques and tips, including discussions of cooking time, food temperature, and food safety.
Document 2: The French Laundry: The French Laundry is a French restaurant located in Yountville, California, in the Napa Valley. The chef and owner of the French Laundry is Thomas Keller. The restaurant building dates from 1900, and is in the National Register of Historic Places.
Answer: The French Laundry
Question: What was the population in 2010 of the village where James W. and Anne Smith Phyfe Estate is located ? 
Context: Document 1: James W. and Anne Smith Phyfe Estate: James W. and Anne Smith Phyfe Estate is a national historic district located at Nissequogue in Suffolk County, New York. The district encompasses an estate with two contributing buildings. The estate house is a large two-story Neoclassical style structure built in 1904. It features a colossal attic pediment carried on two-story Ionic order columns enclosing a cantilevered balcony on the second floor. Located nearby is a contributing carriage house.
Document 2: Nissequogue, New York: Nissequogue is a village in Suffolk County, New York, United States, on the North Shore of Long Island. As of the 2010 census, the village population was 1,749. The current mayor of the village is a descendant and a namesake of the first English settler of the village, Richard Smith (Smythe).
Answer: 1,749
Question: Type I Rifle retains the box magazine that is by the arms manufacturer of what nationality?
Context: Document 1: Type I Rifle: The Type I rifle "Arisaka" (イ式小銃 , "I-shiki shōjū" ) was produced during the early years of World War II for the Japanese Empire by the Kingdom of Italy ("Type I" is not a numeric symbol, it denominates "Italian"). After the invasion of China, all Arisaka production was required for use of the Imperial Army, so under the terms of the Anti-Comintern Pact, the Imperial Navy contracted with Italy for this weapon in 1937. The Type I is based on the Type 38 rifle and utilizes a Carcano action, but retains the Arisaka/Mauser type 5-round box magazine. The Type I was utilized primarily by Japanese Imperial Naval Forces. It is chambered for the 6.5 x 50 mm cartridge. Approximately 80,000 Type I rifles were produced in 1938 and 1939, 40,000 manufactured by Beretta and an equal number by Italian government arsenals; the final shipment to Japan left Venice by submarine in 1941.
Document 2: Mauser: Mauser, begun as Königliche Waffen Schmieden, is a German arms manufacturer. Their line of bolt-action rifles and semi-automatic pistols have been produced since the 1870s for the German armed forces. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Mauser designs were also exported and licensed to a large number of countries which adopted them as military and civilian sporting firearms. The Mauser Model 98 in particular was widely adopted and copied, and is the foundation of many of today's sporting bolt action rifles.
Answer: German
Question: What does the ARY Film Awards of Merit present annually recognizing a character, group of characters, institution or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonist must contend?
Context: Document 1: Antagonist: An antagonist is a character, group of characters, institution or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonist(s) must contend. In other words, an antagonist is a person or a group of people who opposes a protagonist.
Document 2: ARY Film Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role: ARY Film Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role is one of the ARY Film Awards of Merit presented annually by the ARY Digital Network and Entertainment Channel to recognize the Male and Female negative actor who has delivered an outstanding villain performance while working in the film industry.
Answer: ARY Film Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role
Question: Which pilot was born earlier, Klaus-Dietrich Flade or Philippe Perrin?
Context: Document 1: Klaus-Dietrich Flade: Klaus-Dietrich Flade (born August 23, 1952) is a German pilot and former German Aerospace Center astronaut who visited the Mir space station in 1992 aboard the Soyuz TM-14 mission, returning to Earth a week later aboard Soyuz TM-13.
Document 2: Philippe Perrin: Philippe Perrin (Colonel, French Air Force) (born January 6, 1963) is a French test pilot and former CNES and European Space Agency astronaut.
Answer: Klaus-Dietrich Flade
Question: Which competitor to "Strange Stories" was edited by John W. Campbell?
Context: Document 1: Strange Stories: Strange Stories was a pulp magazine which ran for thirteen issues from 1939 to 1941. It was edited by Mort Weisinger, who was not credited. Contributors included Robert Bloch, Eric Frank Russell, C. L. Moore, August Derleth, and Henry Kuttner. "Strange Stories" was a competitor to the established leader in weird fiction, "Weird Tales". With the launch, also in 1939, of the well-received "Unknown", "Strange Stories" was unable to compete. It ceased publication in 1941 when Weisinger left to edit "Superman" comic books.
Document 2: Unknown (magazine): Unknown (also known as Unknown Worlds) was an American pulp fantasy fiction magazine, published from 1939 to 1943 by Street & Smith, and edited by John W. Campbell. "Unknown" was a companion to Street & Smith's science fiction pulp, "Astounding Science Fiction", which was also edited by Campbell at the time; many authors and illustrators contributed to both magazines. The leading fantasy magazine in the 1930s was "Weird Tales", which focused on shock and horror. Campbell wanted to publish a fantasy magazine with more finesse and humor than "Weird Tales", and put his plans into action when Eric Frank Russell sent him the manuscript of his novel "Sinister Barrier", about aliens who own the human race. "Unknown"' s first issue appeared in March 1939; in addition to "Sinister Barrier", it included H. L. Gold's "Trouble With Water", a humorous fantasy about a New Yorker who meets a water gnome. Gold's story was the first of many in "Unknown" to combine commonplace reality with the fantastic.
Answer: "Unknown"
Question: WIND ranks behind which Rome-based telecommunications company?
Context: Document 1: WIND (Italy): Wind Telecomunicazioni SpA (also known as Wind Italy) is an Italian telecom operator which offers integrated mobile, fixed telephony and Internet services (under "Wind" brand for mobile and business services and under "Infostrada" brand for home). Wind Italy has 21.6 million mobile customers with a market share of 22.9% (placing itself behind TIM and Vodafone Italy) and 2.8 million customers on fixed lines with a market share of 13.2% (that makes it the second largest fixed line operator, behind TIM). The company serves through a network of 159 owned stores and around 498 exclusive franchised outlets under the WIND brand, as well as 396 electronic chain stores.
Document 2: Telecom Italia: Telecom Italia is an Italian telecommunications company headquartered in Rome, which provides telephony services, mobile services, and DSL data services. It was founded in 1994 by the merger of several state-owned telecommunications companies, the most important of which was Società Italiana per l'Esercizio Telefonico p.A., (known as "SIP", from the earlier "Società Idroelettrica Piemontese"), the former state monopoly telephone operator in Italy.
Answer: Telecom Italia
Question: What was the film in which the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Actor recipient was cast as James Covey?
Context: Document 1: Black Reel Award for Outstanding Actor: This page lists the winners and nominees for the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture. As of 2016, Denzel Washington has the most wins with 5 and nominations with 13. Chiwetel Ejiofor is also a multiple winner in this category with 2 wins. Both Bernie Mac and Jamie Foxx were the only recipients of the Outstanding Actor awards in Musical/Comedy and Drama.
Document 2: Chiwetel Ejiofor: Chiwetel Umeadi Ejiofor, CBE ( ; born 10 July 1977) is a British actor. After enrolling at the National Youth Theatre in 1995, and gaining a scholarship to the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, at age 19 and three months into his course, Ejiofor was cast by Steven Spielberg to play a supporting role in the film "Amistad" (1997) as James Covey.
Answer: Amistad
Question: Between Ulli Lommel and Maurice Pialat, who has had a more diverse career?
Context: Document 1: Ulli Lommel: Ulli Lommel (born 21 December 1944) is a German actor and director, noted for his many collaborations with Rainer Werner Fassbinder and his association with the New German Cinema movement. Lommel is also well known for the time which he spent at The Factory and as a creative associate of Andy Warhol, with whom he made several films and works of art. Since 1977 he has lived and worked in the USA, where he has written, directed and starred in over 50 movies.
Document 2: Maurice Pialat: Maurice Pialat (] ; 31 August 1925 – 11 January 2003) was a French film director, screenwriter and actor noted for the rigorous and unsentimental style of his films. His work is often described as being "realist", though many film critics acknowledge that it does not fit the traditional definition of realism.
Answer: Maurice Pialat
Question: What does the name of the first castle erected in 13th century, means what in Gaelic?
Context: Document 1: Douglas Castle: Douglas Castle was a stronghold of the Douglas family from medieval times to the 20th century. The first castle, erected in the 13th century, was destroyed and replaced several times until the 18th century when a large mansion house was built in its place. This too was demolished in 1938, and today only a single corner tower of the 17th-century castle remains. The castle was the former family seat of the Prime Minister, Sir Alec Douglas-Home. The castle was located around 1 km north-east of the village of Douglas, South Lanarkshire, in south-west Scotland. The remains are protected as a category C listed building.
Document 2: Douglas (surname): Douglas (occasionally spelled "Douglass") is a common surname of Scottish origin, thought to derive from the Gaelic "dubh glas", meaning "black stream". There are numerous places in Scotland from which the surname is derived. The surname has developed into the given name "Douglas". "Douglas" is a habitational name, which could be derived from any of the many places so-named. While there are numerous places with this name in Scotland, it is thought, in most cases, to refer to Douglas, South Lanarkshire, the location of Douglas Castle, the chief stronghold of the Lords of Douglas. The Scottish Gaelic form of the given name is "Dùbhghlas"; the Irish language form it is "Dúghlas", and "Dubhghlas", which are pronounced ] . According to George Fraser Black, in southern Argyllshire the surname is an Anglicised form of the surnames "MacLucas", "MacLugash" (which are derived from the Gaelic "Mac Lùcais").
Answer: "dubh glas", meaning "black stream"
Question: Which superhero in the Marvel Comic, "Runaway" both possesses the Fistigons and has control over the Leapfrog?
Context: Document 1: Leapfrog (comics): The Leapfrog is a fictional vehicle appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Leapfrog is the personal mode of transport for the superhero team Runaways. The ship takes on the form of a large frog. Originally created by Janet Stein and Victor Stein, the Leapfrog was used by the Pride when they had to perform their Rite of Thunder for the Gibborim. After the Pride was destroyed by the Gibborim, control of the Leapfrog rested with Chase Stein and has since been used as the primary mode of transportation for the Runaways. The Leapfrog doesn't actually fly; it "jumps" forward to move.
Document 2: Chase Stein: Chase Stein (also known as Talkback), is a fictional character, a superhero in the Marvel Comics "Runaways". He was created by author Brian K. Vaughan & artist Adrian Alphona, and debuted in "Runaways" vol. 1 #1 with most of the other main characters. Like every member of the original Runaways, he is the son of evil villains with special abilities; in Chase's case, mad scientists. Chase is often regarded as the "wild card" in the series, due to his often changing role in the group, from being the getaway guy and technical guru to the "loose cannon" after he departed the group for a short while. However, despite his rule-breaking persona, Chase is fiercely loyal to his friends and remains a valued member of the team. Chase is the eldest of the Runaways at age 18. Chase shares a psychic and empathic link with deinonychus Old Lace, granting him the ability to command the dinosaur to do his bidding and also possesses the Fistigons, the world's most powerful gauntlets.
Answer: Chase Stein
Question: When was the Italian general and air power theorist dies who's theories strong opponent was Amedeo Mecozzi?
Context: Document 1: Amedeo Mecozzi: Amedeo Mecozzi (17 January 1892 – 2 November 1971) was an Italian fighter ace of World War I, a general of the Italian Regia Aeronautica and a military theorist credited as the founding father of the "Attack air force" doctrine, which made him a strong opponent to general Giulio Douhet's theories.
Document 2: Giulio Douhet: General Giulio Douhet (30 May 1869 – 15 February 1930) was an Italian general and air power theorist. He was a key proponent of strategic bombing in aerial warfare. He was a contemporary of the 1920s air warfare advocates Walther Wever, Billy Mitchell and Sir Hugh Trenchard.
Answer: 15 February 1930
Question: In addition to composing and singing, Avadhoot Gupte also directed which 2015 musical film starring Santosh Juvekar and Tejaswini Pandit?
Context: Document 1: Avadhoot Gupte: Avadhoot Gupte is an Indian music composer and singer who is popularly known for his work in the Marathi film and music industry. His career on television has included being a judge on the reality singing competition shows and anchoring his own chat show "Khupte Tithe Gupte". He has also directed and produced three feature films. His family is from Bhor, Maharashtra and is the self declared brand ambassador of Kolhapur.
Document 2: Ek Tara: Ek Tara is a 2015 Musical, Drama Marathi language film directed by Avadhoot Gupte. The film released on 30 Jan 2015. It stars Santosh Juvekar and Tejaswini Pandit in lead. It is Santosh Juvekar's third film with Avadhoot Gupte after Zenda and Morya.
Answer: Ek Tara
Question: In the Tupac Shakur song Hail Mary, who is the close friend he used for one of the verses?
Context: Document 1: Yaki Kadafi: Yafeu Akiyele Fula (October 9, 1977 – November 10, 1996), better known by his stage name Yaki Kadafi, was an American rapper who was best known as a founder and member of the rap groups Outlawz and Dramacydal. Kadafi's parents, Yaasmyn Fula and Sekou Odinga, were both members of the Black Panther Party. Fula, and Tupac Shakur's mother, Afeni Shakur, were close friends, and Kadafi and Tupac were friends until their deaths in 1996.
Document 2: Hail Mary (2Pac song): "Hail Mary" is a single by American rapper Tupac Shakur from his final album "", under the new stage name, Makaveli. The song, released after his September 1996 death, features rap verses by Kastro, Young Noble and Yaki Kadafi of The Outlawz and Prince Ital Joe. A music video was shot for the song and can be found on the DualDisc of "The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory". It is one of Shakur's most famous singles. The single peaked at number 12 in the R&B chart, and number 8 in the rap singles.
Answer: Yaki Kadafi
Question: Who is a natural philosopher who coined the term hymenophore?
Context: Document 1: Hymenophore: A hymenophore refers to the hymenium-bearing structure of a fungal fruiting body. Hymenophores can be smooth surfaces, lamellae, folds, tubes, or teeth. The term was coined by Robert Hooke in 1665.
Document 2: Robert Hooke: Robert Hooke FRS ( ; 28 July [O.S. 18 July] 1635  – 3 March 1703) was an English natural philosopher, architect and polymath.
Answer: Robert Hooke