gzone0111/musique_hotpotqa_graph_retriever huggingface dataset:
Question: What is the branch of Buddhism in what buddhism is the goal a state of nirvana?
Context: Document 1: Buddhism: Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.
Document 2: Buddhism: In Theravada Buddhism, the ultimate goal is the attainment of the sublime state of Nirvana, achieved by practicing the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way), thus escaping what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth. Mahayana Buddhism instead aspires to Buddhahood via the bodhisattva path, a state wherein one remains in this cycle to help other beings reach awakening. Tibetan Buddhism aspires to Buddhahood or rainbow body.
Answer: The School of the Elders
Reasoning steps: In what buddhism is the goal a state of nirvana? Answer: Theravada
Theravada means what? Answer: The School of the Elders
Question: What group of schools is the university where Michael Berland studied a member of?
Context: Document 1: Michael Berland: Michael Berland attended The Latin School of Chicago and graduated magna cum laude from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where he was a Commonwealth Scholar. He received his initial training at the Social and Demographic Research Institute.
Document 2: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services, abbreviated to UMass Transit Services or UMass Transit, is a department within the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) that provides mass transit services to the UMass Amherst campus and other members of the Five Colleges Consortium in eastern Hampshire County, as well as outlying towns. Similar to other large campus transportation systems, such as UGA Campus Transit in Georgia and Unitrans in California, UMass Transit buses are driven by students attending UMass Amherst.
Answer: Five Colleges
Reasoning steps: Where did Michael Berland study or work? Answer: University of Massachusetts Amherst
University of Massachusetts Amherst >> member of Answer: Five Colleges
Question: What type of school is the university that published the Owen Wister Review, an instance of?
Context: Document 1: University of Wyoming: The University of Wyoming is a land-grant university located in Laramie, Wyoming, situated on Wyoming's high Laramie Plains, at an elevation of 7,220 feet (2194 m), between the Laramie and Snowy Range mountains. It is known as UW (often pronounced "U-Dub") to people close to the university. The university was founded in March 1886, four years before the territory was admitted as the 44th state, and opened in September 1887. The University of Wyoming is unusual in that its location within the state is written into the state's constitution. The university also offers outreach education in communities throughout Wyoming and online.
Document 2: Owen Wister Review: The Owen Wister Review is the University of Wyoming's annual art and literature magazine produced through the Student Media department, which publishes creative non-fiction, poetry, fiction, and art. The editorial staff is made up entirely of undergraduate and graduate students. The journal was established in 1978 and named for Owen Wister, who set the first modern western novel, "The Virginian", not far from Laramie, in the town of Medicine Bow.
Answer: land-grant university
Reasoning steps: Who published Owen Wister Review? Answer: University of Wyoming
University of Wyoming >> instance of Answer: land-grant university
Question: What consortium is the college that Douglas Metcalf attended a member of?
Context: Document 1: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services, abbreviated to UMass Transit Services or UMass Transit, is a department within the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) that provides mass transit services to the UMass Amherst campus and other members of the Five Colleges Consortium in eastern Hampshire County, as well as outlying towns. Similar to other large campus transportation systems, such as UGA Campus Transit in Georgia and Unitrans in California, UMass Transit buses are driven by students attending UMass Amherst.
Document 2: Douglas Metcalf: Douglas Metcalf was born in Southwick, Massachusetts and studied with Michael Sussman and Allan Meyer, graduating with honors from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, in both Music Education and Clarinet Performance. He went on to do postgraduate studies at Indiana University in Bloomington with Eli Eban.
Answer: Five Colleges
Reasoning steps: The college Douglas Metcalf attended was what? Answer: University of Massachusetts Amherst
University of Massachusetts Amherst >> member of Answer: Five Colleges
Question: What consortium does Lee Upton's alma mater belong to?
Context: Document 1: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services, abbreviated to UMass Transit Services or UMass Transit, is a department within the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) that provides mass transit services to the UMass Amherst campus and other members of the Five Colleges Consortium in eastern Hampshire County, as well as outlying towns. Similar to other large campus transportation systems, such as UGA Campus Transit in Georgia and Unitrans in California, UMass Transit buses are driven by students attending UMass Amherst.
Document 2: Lee Upton: Lee Upton (born June 2, 1953 St. Johns, Michigan) is an American poet, fiction writer, literary critic, and a graduate of the MFA Program for Poets & Writers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Answer: Five Colleges
Reasoning steps: The college Lee Upton attended was what? Answer: University of Massachusetts Amherst
University of Massachusetts Amherst >> member of Answer: Five Colleges
Question: What is Peri Tarr's college a member of?
Context: Document 1: Peri Tarr: Peri Tarr received her BS in Zoology from the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 1986, and her MS and PhD in Computer Science from the University of Massachusetts Amherst (1992 and 1996, respectively). Between her BS and MS/PhD, she worked full-time at the University of Massachusetts Physical Plant, attempting to introduce an automated system to help with the Plant's operations. After receiving her PhD, she joined the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center as a Research Staff Member in 1996, where she worked on and led various projects relating to issues of software composition, morphogenic software, and aspect-oriented software development.
Document 2: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services, abbreviated to UMass Transit Services or UMass Transit, is a department within the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) that provides mass transit services to the UMass Amherst campus and other members of the Five Colleges Consortium in eastern Hampshire County, as well as outlying towns. Similar to other large campus transportation systems, such as UGA Campus Transit in Georgia and Unitrans in California, UMass Transit buses are driven by students attending UMass Amherst.
Answer: Five Colleges
Reasoning steps: The college Peri Tarr attended was what? Answer: University of Massachusetts Amherst
University of Massachusetts Amherst >> member of Answer: Five Colleges
Question: What does the tradition where condensed study texts are created mean?
Context: Document 1: Buddhism: Over the years, various attempts have been made to synthesize a single Buddhist text that can encompass all of the major principles of Buddhism. In the Theravada tradition, condensed 'study texts' were created that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes that could be studied by novice monks. Later in Sri Lanka, the Dhammapada was championed as a unifying scripture.
Document 2: Buddhism: Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.
Answer: The School of the Elders
Reasoning steps: condensed study texts where created in what tradition? Answer: Theravada
Theravada means what? Answer: The School of the Elders
Question: What does the word mean that is a major part of Buddhism that rejects bardo?
Context: Document 1: Buddhism: Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.
Document 2: Buddhism: According to East Asian and Tibetan Buddhism, there is an intermediate state (Tibetan "bardo") between one life and the next. The orthodox Theravada position rejects this; however there are passages in the Samyutta Nikaya of the Pali Canon that seem to lend support to the idea that the Buddha taught of an intermediate stage between one life and the next.[page needed]
Answer: The School of the Elders
Reasoning steps: Which major part of Buddhism rejects bardo? Answer: Theravada
Theravada means what? Answer: The School of the Elders
Question: What year saw the formation of the band that released the album Ohio Is for Lovers?
Context: Document 1: Hawthorne Heights: Hawthorne Heights is an American rock band from Dayton, Ohio, formed in 2001. Their lineup currently consists of JT Woodruff (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Matt Ridenour (bass guitar, backing vocals), Mark McMillon (lead guitar, unclean backing vocals), and Chris Popadak (drums, percussion).
Document 2: Ohio Is for Lovers: "Ohio Is for Lovers" (also known as simply "Ohio") is a song by American rock band Hawthorne Heights. It was released as the debut single in 2004 from their debut full-length studio album, "The Silence in Black and White". It was produced by Jay Orpin. According to lead vocalist JT Woodruff, the song is about going on tour whilst leaving their girlfriends behind in Ohio. The song is frequently considered the band's signature song and has been jokingly referred to as "The Emo Anthem" for its lyrical content. It peaked at #34 on the "Billboard" Alternative Songs Chart. When the music video for the song began getting airplay on MTV, it gave the band widespread popularity, resulting in "The Silence in Black and White" being certified gold in the United States.
Answer: 2001
Reasoning steps: What is the name of the performer that released the album Ohio Is for Lovers? Answer: Hawthorne Heights
In what year was Hawthorne Heights created? Answer: 2001
Question: Which county border the county where Rapid City, South Dakota is located?
Context: Document 1: List of people from Rapid City, South Dakota: The following is a list of people who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Rapid City, South Dakota, and its surrounding metropolitan area, including Meade County, South Dakota, and Pennington County, South Dakota.
Document 2: Rapid City, South Dakota: Rapid City (Lakota: Mni Lúzahaŋ Otȟúŋwahe; ``Swift Water City '') is the second most populous city in South Dakota and the county seat of Pennington County. Named after Rapid Creek, on which the city is established, it is set against the eastern slope of the Black Hills mountain range. The population was 67,956 as of the 2010 Census.
Answer: Meade County
Reasoning steps: what county is rapid city south dakota in Answer: Pennington County
Pennington County >> shares border with Answer: Meade County
Question: What is the meaning of the word used for the branch of Buddhism that rejects the concept of a transitional state between lives?
Context: Document 1: Buddhism: According to East Asian and Tibetan Buddhism, there is an intermediate state (Tibetan "bardo") between one life and the next. The orthodox Theravada position rejects this; however there are passages in the Samyutta Nikaya of the Pali Canon that seem to lend support to the idea that the Buddha taught of an intermediate stage between one life and the next.[page needed]
Document 2: Buddhism: Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.
Answer: The School of the Elders
Reasoning steps: What branch of Buddhism rejects that there is a transitional state between lives? Answer: Theravada
Theravada means what? Answer: The School of the Elders
Question: What was the record label of the artist of Sou Hrostao Akoma Ena Klama?
Context: Document 1: Peggy Zina (album): Peggy Zina (Greek: Πέγκυ Ζήνα) is the first album by popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in October 1995 by BMG Greece. The album includes her first hit which created controversy with the title: "An Pas Me Alli Tha Sou Spaso To Kefali" (If You Go with Another Woman I Will Break Your Head).
Document 2: Sou Hrostao Akoma Ena Klama: Sou Hrostao Akoma Ena Klama (Greek: "Σου Χρωστάω Ακόμα Ένα Κλάμα"; English: "I owe you one more cry") is the title of the twelfth studio album by the popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released on 4 October 2012 by Minos EMI in Greece and Cyprus.
Answer: BMG
Reasoning steps: Who created Sou Hrostao Akoma Ena Klama? Answer: Peggy Zina
Peggy Zina >> record label Answer: BMG
Question: What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to the state encompassing Lawngtlai district?
Context: Document 1: Presbyterianism: In the mainly Christian Indian state of Mizoram, the Presbyterian denomination is the largest denomination; it was brought to the region with missionaries from Wales in 1894. Prior to Mizoram, the Welsh Presbyterians (missionaries) started venturing into the north-east of India through the Khasi Hills (presently located within the state of Meghalaya in India) and established Presbyterian churches all over the Khasi Hills from the 1840s onwards. Hence there is a strong presence of Presbyterians in Shillong (the present capital of Meghalaya) and the areas adjoining it. The Welsh missionaries built their first church in Sohra (aka Cherrapunji) in 1846. Presbyterians participated in the mergers that resulted in the Church of North India and the Church of South India.Sohra
Document 2: Lawngtlai district: Lawngtlai district is one of the eight districts of Mizoram state in India. The district is bounded on the north by Lunglei district, on the west by Bangladesh, on the south by Myanmar and on the east by Saiha district. The district occupies an area of 2557.10 km². Lawngtlai town is the administrative headquarters of the district.
Answer: 1894
Reasoning steps: Which state is Lawngtlai district located? Answer: Mizoram
What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Mizoram ? Answer: 1894
Question: What record label does the artist who co-write and record Ena Hadi belong to?
Context: Document 1: Ena Hadi: Ena Hadi (Greek: Ένα χάδι; ) is the title of the third studio album by the popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in 2001 by Nitro Music.
Document 2: Peggy Zina (album): Peggy Zina (Greek: Πέγκυ Ζήνα) is the first album by popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in October 1995 by BMG Greece. The album includes her first hit which created controversy with the title: "An Pas Me Alli Tha Sou Spaso To Kefali" (If You Go with Another Woman I Will Break Your Head).
Answer: BMG
Reasoning steps: Which artist is Ena Hadi co-written and recorded by? Answer: Peggy Zina
Peggy Zina >> record label Answer: BMG
Question: What is the school from which researchers studied corruption in Sub-Saharan countries from 1970 to 1996 a member of?
Context: Document 1: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services: University of Massachusetts Transportation Services, abbreviated to UMass Transit Services or UMass Transit, is a department within the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) that provides mass transit services to the UMass Amherst campus and other members of the Five Colleges Consortium in eastern Hampshire County, as well as outlying towns. Similar to other large campus transportation systems, such as UGA Campus Transit in Georgia and Unitrans in California, UMass Transit buses are driven by students attending UMass Amherst.
Document 2: Political corruption: University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Africa, one of the factors for this behavior was political instability, and the fact that new governments often confiscated previous government's corruptly obtained assets. This encouraged officials to stash their wealth abroad, out of reach of any future expropriation. In contrast, Asian administrations such as Suharto's New Order often took a cut on business transactions or provided conditions for development, through infrastructure investment, law and order, etc.
Answer: Five Colleges
Reasoning steps: Which researchers studied corruption from Sub-Saharan countries from 1970 to 1996? Answer: University of Massachusetts Amherst
University of Massachusetts Amherst >> member of Answer: Five Colleges
Question: What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Lalrin Fela's birthplace?
Context: Document 1: Presbyterianism: In the mainly Christian Indian state of Mizoram, the Presbyterian denomination is the largest denomination; it was brought to the region with missionaries from Wales in 1894. Prior to Mizoram, the Welsh Presbyterians (missionaries) started venturing into the north-east of India through the Khasi Hills (presently located within the state of Meghalaya in India) and established Presbyterian churches all over the Khasi Hills from the 1840s onwards. Hence there is a strong presence of Presbyterians in Shillong (the present capital of Meghalaya) and the areas adjoining it. The Welsh missionaries built their first church in Sohra (aka Cherrapunji) in 1846. Presbyterians participated in the mergers that resulted in the Church of North India and the Church of South India.Sohra
Document 2: Lalrin Fela: Lalrin Fela (born 24 September 1990 in Mizoram) is an Indian footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Green Valley F.C..
Answer: 1894
Reasoning steps: Lalrin Fela >> place of birth Answer: Mizoram
What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Mizoram ? Answer: 1894
Question: When did the largest Presbyterian denomination come to the Indian state with capital Aizawl.
Context: Document 1: Presbyterianism: In the mainly Christian Indian state of Mizoram, the Presbyterian denomination is the largest denomination; it was brought to the region with missionaries from Wales in 1894. Prior to Mizoram, the Welsh Presbyterians (missionaries) started venturing into the north-east of India through the Khasi Hills (presently located within the state of Meghalaya in India) and established Presbyterian churches all over the Khasi Hills from the 1840s onwards. Hence there is a strong presence of Presbyterians in Shillong (the present capital of Meghalaya) and the areas adjoining it. The Welsh missionaries built their first church in Sohra (aka Cherrapunji) in 1846. Presbyterians participated in the mergers that resulted in the Church of North India and the Church of South India.Sohra
Document 2: Northeast India: State Historic Name Capital (s) Statehood Arunachal Pradesh North - East Frontier Agency Itanagar 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Assam Pragjyotisha, Kamarupa Shillong (till 1969), Dispur 1947 Manipur Kangleipak Imphal 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956) Meghalaya Khasi hills, Jaintia hills and Garo hills Shillong 1971 Mizoram Lushai hills Aizawl 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Nagaland Naga hills Kohima 1963 Sikkim Sukhim Gangtok Tripura Tipperah Agartala 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956)
Answer: 1894
Reasoning steps: aizawl is the capital of which north eastern state Answer: Mizoram
What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Mizoram ? Answer: 1894
Question: What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Pu Laldenga's birthplace?
Context: Document 1: Presbyterianism: In the mainly Christian Indian state of Mizoram, the Presbyterian denomination is the largest denomination; it was brought to the region with missionaries from Wales in 1894. Prior to Mizoram, the Welsh Presbyterians (missionaries) started venturing into the north-east of India through the Khasi Hills (presently located within the state of Meghalaya in India) and established Presbyterian churches all over the Khasi Hills from the 1840s onwards. Hence there is a strong presence of Presbyterians in Shillong (the present capital of Meghalaya) and the areas adjoining it. The Welsh missionaries built their first church in Sohra (aka Cherrapunji) in 1846. Presbyterians participated in the mergers that resulted in the Church of North India and the Church of South India.Sohra
Document 2: Laldenga: Laldenga was a Mizo politician and the first Chief Minister of Mizoram state in northeast India from 1986 till 1988. He is the founder of the Mizo National Front.
Answer: 1894
Reasoning steps: Pu Laldenga >> place of birth Answer: Mizoram
What year was the largest Presbyterian denomination brought to Mizoram ? Answer: 1894