gzone0111/musique_hotpotqa_graph_retriever huggingface dataset:
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet to whose mass the other planets were comparable?
Context: Document 1: Barnard's Star: For a decade from 1963 to about 1973, a substantial number of astronomers accepted a claim by Peter van de Kamp that he had detected, by using astrometry, a perturbation in the proper motion of Barnard's Star consistent with its having one or more planets comparable in mass with Jupiter. Van de Kamp had been observing the star from 1938, attempting, with colleagues at the Sproul Observatory at Swarthmore College, to find minuscule variations of one micrometre in its position on photographic plates consistent with orbital perturbations that would indicate a planetary companion; this involved as many as ten people averaging their results in looking at plates, to avoid systemic individual errors. Van de Kamp's initial suggestion was a planet having about 1.6 MJ at a distance of 4.4 AU in a slightly eccentric orbit, and these measurements were apparently refined in a 1969 paper. Later that year, Van de Kamp suggested that there were two planets of 1.1 and 0.8 MJ.
Document 2: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: The planets were comparable to the mass of what other planet? Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the largest planet in the solar system?
Context: Document 1: Solar System: The distance from Earth to the Sun is 1 astronomical unit (150,000,000 km), or AU. For comparison, the radius of the Sun is 0.0047 AU (700,000 km). Thus, the Sun occupies 0.00001% (10%) of the volume of a sphere with a radius the size of Earth's orbit, whereas Earth's volume is roughly one millionth (10) that of the Sun. Jupiter, the largest planet, is 5.2 astronomical units (780,000,000 km) from the Sun and has a radius of 71,000 km (0.00047 AU), whereas the most distant planet, Neptune, is 30 AU (4.5 × 10 km) from the Sun.
Document 2: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: which is the largest planet in solar system Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: In which area is the city where George Leonard Trapp was born?
Context: Document 1: George Leonard Trapp: He was born in New Westminster, British Columbia, the son of Thomas John Trapp, was educated at McGill College and joined the Royal Navy Air Service (RNAS) in 1916, serving with No. 10 Naval Squadron. He claimed his first three victories flying Sopwith Triplanes in August 1917 and two more victories in September while flying Sopwith Camels. Trapp was killed in action in November when he was shot down by Bruno Justinius of Bavarian Jasta 35. He had claimed one more victory that morning before being shot down in the afternoon.
Document 2: Central Valley Greenway: The Central Valley Greenway (CVG) is a 24-kilometre pedestrian and cyclist route in Metro Vancouver, running from Science World in Vancouver to New Westminster, through Burnaby. The greenway officially opened on June 27, 2009, with opening celebrations, guided bike tours, and walking tours on sections of the route. Despite its official opening, some sections are complete on an interim basis and are anticipated to be upgraded in the future.
Answer: Metro Vancouver
Reasoning steps: What was George Leonard Trapp's city of birth? Answer: New Westminster
New Westminster >> located in the administrative territorial entity Answer: Metro Vancouver
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet mentioned in this sentence?
Context: Document 1: Jupiter: Jupiter has been called the Solar System's vacuum cleaner, because of its immense gravity well and location near the inner Solar System. It receives the most frequent comet impacts of the Solar System's planets. It was thought that the planet served to partially shield the inner system from cometary bombardment. However, recent computer simulations suggest that Jupiter does not cause a net decrease in the number of comets that pass through the inner Solar System, as its gravity perturbs their orbits inward roughly as often as it accretes or ejects them. This topic remains controversial among scientists, as some think it draws comets towards Earth from the Kuiper belt while others think that Jupiter protects Earth from the alleged Oort cloud. Jupiter experiences about 200 times more asteroid and comet impacts than Earth.A 1997 survey of early astronomical records and drawings suggested that a certain dark surface feature discovered by astronomer Giovanni Cassini in 1690 may have been an impact scar. The survey initially produced eight more candidate sites as potential impact observations that he and others had recorded between 1664 and 1839. It was later determined, however, that these candidate sites had little or no possibility of being the results of the proposed impacts.More recent discoveries include the following:
Document 2: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: Which planet of our solar system is mentioned in this sentence? Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: Which spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet with the great red spot?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: Great Red Spot: The Great Red Spot is a persistent high - pressure region in the atmosphere of Jupiter, producing an anticyclonic storm 22 ° south of the planet's equator. It has been continuously observed for 188 years, since 1830. Earlier observations from 1665 to 1713 are believed to be of the same storm; if this is correct, it has existed for at least 350 years. Such storms are not uncommon within the turbulent atmospheres of gas giants.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: this planet is home to the great red spot Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the largest planet in the solar system?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: Solar System: The distance from Earth to the Sun is 1 astronomical unit (150,000,000 km), or AU. For comparison, the radius of the Sun is 0.0047 AU (700,000 km). Thus, the Sun occupies 0.00001% (10%) of the volume of a sphere with a radius the size of Earth's orbit, whereas Earth's volume is roughly one millionth (10) that of the Sun. Jupiter, the largest planet, is 5.2 astronomical units (780,000,000 km) from the Sun and has a radius of 71,000 km (0.00047 AU), whereas the most distant planet, Neptune, is 30 AU (4.5 × 10 km) from the Sun.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: name of the largest planet in the solar system Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet for which the headquarters city of American Tax Funding is named?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: American Tax Funding: American Tax Funding (ATF) is a private company based in Jupiter, Florida that engages in the purchasing and servicing of delinquent municipal real estate tax lien sales. Originally formed in 1997 as Transamerica Municipal Finance (TMF), a division of Transamerica Corporation. In August 2000 the founders completed a form of a management buyout of TMF, creating ATF. ATF currently buys and services real estate tax liens in over 14 states and has provided over $1 billion in relief to local governments. Many ATF tax liens are secured by either Wells Fargo Foot Hill or the Harris Nesbitt Corporation. The process of privatizing the municipal tax foreclosures process and outsourcing to out of state third party, for-profit, private companies has drawn criticism from housing advocates who argue that a for-profit tax foreclosure process leads to more foreclosures, displacement and vacancy. The other argument is that third party purchases of tax liens enables local governments to pay for essential services such as salaries for teachers, health care, police officers and firefighters. To date, no study has shown that the sale of tax liens to third parties leads to any increase in foreclosure activity. In fact, the sale of liens to third party purchasers often extends redemption periods and allows flexible repayment agreements for delinquent tax payers.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: American Tax Funding >> headquarters location Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet where you can find protonated molecular hydrogen?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: Hydrogen: A molecular form called protonated molecular hydrogen (H+
3) is found in the interstellar medium, where it is generated by ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays. This charged ion has also been observed in the upper atmosphere of the planet Jupiter. The ion is relatively stable in the environment of outer space due to the low temperature and density. H+
3 is one of the most abundant ions in the Universe, and it plays a notable role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium. Neutral triatomic hydrogen H3 can only exist in an excited form and is unstable. By contrast, the positive hydrogen molecular ion (H+
2) is a rare molecule in the universe.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: On what planet can you find protonated molecular hydrogen? Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet the minimum mass was a little bit bigger than?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: HD 217107 b: As with the majority of extrasolar planet discoveries so far, it was found by detecting small variations in the radial velocity of the star it orbits, caused by the tug of its gravity. A study of the radial velocity of HD 217107 carried out in 1998 revealed that its motion along the line of sight varied over a 7.1 day cycle. The period and amplitude of this variation indicated that it was caused by a planetary companion in orbit around the star, with a minimum mass slightly greater than that of Jupiter. The planet's mean distance from the star is less than one fifth of Mercury's distance from the Sun.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: What planet was the minimum mass a little bit bigger than? Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet that the trophy awarded at the annual Montreal fireworks festival, takes its name from?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: Fireworks competitions: Known officially as L'International des Feux Loto - Québec, the Montreal Fireworks Festival is the most prestigious and largest fireworks competition in the world. It is an annual international competition held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada since 1985. The event begins in June and carries on until August. Each summer, several pyrotechnical companies from different countries present a 30 - minute - long pyromusical show. Gold, Silver and Bronze Jupiter trophies are awarded to the winners. The Jupiters have become symbols of prestige within the fireworks industry. See the festival's. The fireworks are synchronized to music which is also broadcast over a local radio station. Over 3 million spectators gather each year to see the fireworks. The main viewing locations are: the Jacques - Cartier Bridge (closed to traffic the evening of each event), La Ronde (amusement park), and on either side of the St. Lawrence River. Approximately 6,000 fireworks are set off during each show.
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: what is the name of the trophies awarded at the annual montreal fireworks festival Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: What spacecraft uses the gravity of the planet with the largest atmosphere?
Context: Document 1: Gravity assist: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Document 2: Jupiter: Jupiter has the largest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System, spanning over 5,000 km (3,000 mi) in altitude. Because Jupiter has no surface, the base of its atmosphere is usually considered to be the point at which atmospheric pressure is equal to 100 kPa (1.0 bar).
Answer: Voyager probes
Reasoning steps: The largest planetary atmosphere in our solar system belongs to which surfaceless palnet? Answer: Jupiter
what spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet Jupiter Answer: Voyager probes
Question: Where on a map is the river the Tionesta Bridge crosses located?
Context: Document 1: Allegheny River: The Allegheny River (/ ˌæləˈɡeɪni / AL - ə - GAY - nee) is a principal tributary of the Ohio River; it is located in the Eastern United States. The Allegheny River joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at the ``Point ''of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of the Ohio River.
Document 2: Tionesta Bridge: The Tionesta Bridge is a girder bridge that carries U.S. Route 62 and Pennsylvania Route 36 across the Allegheny River in rural Forest County, Pennsylvania. The borough of Tionesta on the east bank of the river is connected with an unpopulated section of Tionesta Township on the west bank.
Answer: Eastern United States
Reasoning steps: What does Tionesta Bridge cross over? Answer: Allegheny River
where is Allegheny River located on a map Answer: Eastern United States
Question: Where on a map is the river crossed by the Tidioute Bridge?
Context: Document 1: Tidioute Bridge: The Tidioute Bridge is a truss bridge that carries Pennsylvania Route 127 across the Allegheny River between Tidioute and Limestone Township in Warren County, Pennsylvania. PA 127 uses the bridge to reach its terminus at U.S. Route 62.
Document 2: Allegheny River: The Allegheny River (/ ˌæləˈɡeɪni / AL - ə - GAY - nee) is a principal tributary of the Ohio River; it is located in the Eastern United States. The Allegheny River joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at the ``Point ''of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of the Ohio River.
Answer: Eastern United States
Reasoning steps: Tidioute Bridge >> crosses Answer: Allegheny River
where is Allegheny River located on a map Answer: Eastern United States
Question: Where is the river that Veterans Bridge crosses located on a map?
Context: Document 1: Allegheny River: The Allegheny River (/ ˌæləˈɡeɪni / AL - ə - GAY - nee) is a principal tributary of the Ohio River; it is located in the Eastern United States. The Allegheny River joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at the ``Point ''of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of the Ohio River.
Document 2: Veterans Bridge (Pittsburgh): The Veterans Bridge is a steel and welded girder bridge that carries Interstate 579 over the Allegheny River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Completed in 1988 it cost $420 million (or $ in 2020 terms). It opened on November 11, 1988 complete with 107th National Guard howitzers firing ceremoniously from the deck, as the last link in I-579. The bridge, in length, has a main span of and is above the water.
Answer: Eastern United States
Reasoning steps: Veterans Bridge >> crosses Answer: Allegheny River
where is Allegheny River located on a map Answer: Eastern United States