# Buggy code
def ping(self, payload: Union[str, bytes] = "") -> None:
    if self.trace_enabled and self.ping_pong_trace_enabled:
        if isinstance(payload, bytes):
            payload = payload.decode("utf-8")
        self.logger.debug(
            "Sending a ping data frame "
            f"(session id: {self.session_id}, payload: {payload})"
        )
    data = _build_data_frame_for_sending(payload, FrameHeader.OPCODE_PING)
    self.sock.send(data)


# Traceback (SlackApiError)
2021-02-14 18:19:49,579 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to establish a connection (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81, error: _ssl.c:1108: The handshake operation timed out)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/errbot/lib/python3.8/site-packages/slack_sdk/socket_mode/builtin/connection.py", line 109, in connect
sock.connect((hostname, port))
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/ssl.py", line 1342, in connect
self._real_connect(addr, False)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/ssl.py", line 1333, in _real_connect
self.do_handshake()
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
socket.timeout: _ssl.c:1108: The handshake operation timed out
2021-02-14 18:19:49,579 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          The connection has been closed (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:19:49,579 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          The connection has been closed (session id: b88f63ee-d644-45a8-bf18-be36c8673728)
2021-02-14 18:19:49,579 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          A new session has been established (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:19:49,579 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Connected to a new endpoint...
2021-02-14 18:19:59,590 DEBUG    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          This connection is already closed. (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:19:59,590 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          The session seems to be already closed. Going to reconnect... (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:19:59,590 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Connecting to a new endpoint...
2021-02-14 18:20:00,075 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to retrieve WSS URL: The request to the Slack API failed.
The server responded with: {'ok': False, 'error': 'ratelimited'}
2021-02-14 18:20:00,075 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to check the current session or reconnect to the server (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81, error: SlackApiError, message: The request to the Slack API failed.
The server responded with: {'ok': False, 'error': 'ratelimited'})
2021-02-14 18:20:10,092 DEBUG    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          This connection is already closed. (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:20:10,117 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          The session seems to be already closed. Going to reconnect... (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:20:10,121 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Connecting to a new endpoint...
2021-02-14 18:20:10,339 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to retrieve WSS URL: The request to the Slack API failed.
The server responded with: {'ok': False, 'error': 'ratelimited'}
2021-02-14 18:20:10,339 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to check the current session or reconnect to the server (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81, error: SlackApiError, message: The request to the Slack API failed.
The server responded with: {'ok': False, 'error': 'ratelimited'})
2021-02-14 18:20:20,350 DEBUG    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          This connection is already closed. (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:20:20,350 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          The session seems to be already closed. Going to reconnect... (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:20:20,350 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Connecting to a new endpoint...
2021-02-14 18:20:20,556 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to retrieve WSS URL: The request to the Slack API failed.
The server responded with: {'ok': False, 'error': 'ratelimited'}
2021-02-14 18:20:20,557 ERROR    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Failed to check the current session or reconnect to the server (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81, error: SlackApiError, message: The request to the Slack API failed.
The server responded with: {'ok': False, 'error': 'ratelimited'})
2021-02-14 18:20:30,567 DEBUG    slack_sdk.rtm.v2          This connection is already closed. (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:20:30,567 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          The session seems to be already closed. Going to reconnect... (session id: 18e8f520-5e64-443c-98ed-089ab1ef6f81)
2021-02-14 18:20:30,567 INFO     slack_sdk.rtm.v2          Connecting to a new endpoint...

# Fixed code
def ping(self, payload: Union[str, bytes] = "") -> None:
    if self.trace_enabled and self.ping_pong_trace_enabled:
        if isinstance(payload, bytes):
            payload = payload.decode("utf-8")
        self.logger.debug(
            "Sending a ping data frame "
            f"(session id: {self.session_id}, payload: {payload})"
        )
    data = _build_data_frame_for_sending(payload, FrameHeader.OPCODE_PING)
    with self.sock_send_lock:
        self.sock.send(data)