# Buggy code
def visit_Call(self, node: ast.Call) -> None:
    if (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id in {"isinstance", "issubclass"}
        and len(node.args) == 2
        and self._is_six(node.args[1], SIX_TYPE_CTX_ATTRS)
    ):
        arg = node.args[1]
        # _is_six() enforces this
        assert isinstance(arg, (ast.Name, ast.Attribute))
        self.six_type_ctx[_ast_to_offset(node.args[1])] = arg
    elif self._is_six(node.func, ("b", "ensure_binary")):
        self.six_b.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif self._is_six(node.func, SIX_CALLS) and not _starargs(node):
        self.six_calls[_ast_to_offset(node)] = node
    elif (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id == "next"
        and not _starargs(node)
        and len(node.args) == 1
        and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Call)
        and self._is_six(
            node.args[0].func,
            ("iteritems", "iterkeys", "itervalues"),
        )
        and not _starargs(node.args[0])
    ):
        self.six_iter[_ast_to_offset(node.args[0])] = node.args[0]
    elif (
        isinstance(self._previous_node, ast.Expr)
        and self._is_six(node.func, ("raise_from",))
        and not _starargs(node)
    ):
        self.six_raise_from.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        isinstance(self._previous_node, ast.Expr)
        and self._is_six(node.func, ("reraise",))
        and not _starargs(node)
    ):
        self.six_reraise.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        not self._in_comp
        and self._class_info_stack
        and self._class_info_stack[-1].def_depth == 1
        and isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id == "super"
        and len(node.args) == 2
        and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Name)
        and isinstance(node.args[1], ast.Name)
        and node.args[0].id == self._class_info_stack[-1].name
        and node.args[1].id == self._class_info_stack[-1].first_arg_name
    ):
        self.super_calls[_ast_to_offset(node)] = node
    elif (
        (
            self._is_six(node.func, SIX_NATIVE_STR)
            or isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
            and node.func.id == "str"
        )
        and not node.keywords
        and not _starargs(node)
        and (
            len(node.args) == 0
            or (len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Str))
        )
    ):
        self.native_literals.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Attribute)
        and isinstance(node.func.value, ast.Str)
        and node.func.attr == "encode"
        and not _starargs(node)
        and len(node.args) == 1
        and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Str)
        and _is_codec(node.args[0].s, "utf-8")
    ):
        self.encode_calls[_ast_to_offset(node)] = node
    elif self._is_io_open(node.func):
        self.io_open_calls.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id == "open"
        and len(node.args) >= 2
        and not _starargs(node)
        and isinstance(node.args[1], ast.Str)
        and node.args[1].s in U_MODE_ALL
    ):
        self.open_mode_calls.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif not node.args and not node.keywords and self._is_lru_cache(node.func):
        self.no_arg_decorators.add(_ast_to_offset(node))

    self.generic_visit(node)


# Traceback (ValueError)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "blah.py", line 1, in <module>
with open('blah.txt', 'utf-8') as fp:
ValueError: invalid mode: 'utf-8'

# Fixed code
def visit_Call(self, node: ast.Call) -> None:
    if (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id in {"isinstance", "issubclass"}
        and len(node.args) == 2
        and self._is_six(node.args[1], SIX_TYPE_CTX_ATTRS)
    ):
        arg = node.args[1]
        # _is_six() enforces this
        assert isinstance(arg, (ast.Name, ast.Attribute))
        self.six_type_ctx[_ast_to_offset(node.args[1])] = arg
    elif self._is_six(node.func, ("b", "ensure_binary")):
        self.six_b.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif self._is_six(node.func, SIX_CALLS) and not _starargs(node):
        self.six_calls[_ast_to_offset(node)] = node
    elif (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id == "next"
        and not _starargs(node)
        and len(node.args) == 1
        and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Call)
        and self._is_six(
            node.args[0].func,
            ("iteritems", "iterkeys", "itervalues"),
        )
        and not _starargs(node.args[0])
    ):
        self.six_iter[_ast_to_offset(node.args[0])] = node.args[0]
    elif (
        isinstance(self._previous_node, ast.Expr)
        and self._is_six(node.func, ("raise_from",))
        and not _starargs(node)
    ):
        self.six_raise_from.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        isinstance(self._previous_node, ast.Expr)
        and self._is_six(node.func, ("reraise",))
        and not _starargs(node)
    ):
        self.six_reraise.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        not self._in_comp
        and self._class_info_stack
        and self._class_info_stack[-1].def_depth == 1
        and isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id == "super"
        and len(node.args) == 2
        and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Name)
        and isinstance(node.args[1], ast.Name)
        and node.args[0].id == self._class_info_stack[-1].name
        and node.args[1].id == self._class_info_stack[-1].first_arg_name
    ):
        self.super_calls[_ast_to_offset(node)] = node
    elif (
        (
            self._is_six(node.func, SIX_NATIVE_STR)
            or isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
            and node.func.id == "str"
        )
        and not node.keywords
        and not _starargs(node)
        and (
            len(node.args) == 0
            or (len(node.args) == 1 and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Str))
        )
    ):
        self.native_literals.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Attribute)
        and isinstance(node.func.value, ast.Str)
        and node.func.attr == "encode"
        and not _starargs(node)
        and len(node.args) == 1
        and isinstance(node.args[0], ast.Str)
        and _is_codec(node.args[0].s, "utf-8")
    ):
        self.encode_calls[_ast_to_offset(node)] = node
    elif self._is_io_open(node.func):
        self.io_open_calls.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif (
        isinstance(node.func, ast.Name)
        and node.func.id == "open"
        and not _starargs(node)
        and len(node.args) >= 2
        and isinstance(node.args[1], ast.Str)
        and (
            node.args[1].s in U_MODE_REPLACE
            or (len(node.args) == 2 and node.args[1].s in U_MODE_REMOVE)
        )
    ):
        self.open_mode_calls.add(_ast_to_offset(node))
    elif not node.args and not node.keywords and self._is_lru_cache(node.func):
        self.no_arg_decorators.add(_ast_to_offset(node))

    self.generic_visit(node)