Experts say compliance with new EU air quality directive would cut air pollution-related deaths by 50 per cent



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## Experts say compliance with new EU air quality directive would cut air pollution-related deaths by 50 per cent

20/06/2024 |
SCP

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The seminar entitled "Air quality in Spain. Millán Millán", part of the UJI Summer University, held its second and final day at the Palasiet Thalasso Clinic & Hotel in Benicàssim. Researchers and technicians analysed the new requirements of the new European directive on air quality, which could come into force this autumn and which sets new and strict limits for various pollutants that must be met by 2030.

The aim of the regulation is to reduce air pollution, which, according to the European Environment Agency, causes 238,000 premature deaths a year in Europe, including 17,000 in Spain. The community of experts and researchers gathered in Benicàssim believe that compliance with the regulation would mean a 50% reduction in premature deaths caused by poor air quality in the European Union as a whole.

The new legislation aims to halve the levels of several pollutants harmful to public health, such as respirable particles PM10 and PM2.5 and nitrogen oxides, and to limit ambient concentrations of sulphur dioxide and tropospheric ozone. This is a necessary step towards achieving the goal of zero pollution by 2050, as set out in the Zero Pollution Action Plan. However, the reality of the projection of pollution indices in Spain shows that "we will have to make a great effort not to exceed the levels of health protection proposed by the European Union", according to CSIC researcher and co-director of the course, Xavier Querol, "if corrective measures are not implemented, especially in the land transport, maritime, residential and livestock sectors, as the required reduction in pollution is very large".

In this sense, according to David de la Paz from the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, who participated in the round table on air quality modelling, "the application of the new directive implies the need to develop modelling techniques, including emission inventories, which in urban areas are a fundamental part of assessing the possibilities of achieving the air quality objectives set by Europe". In this respect, new advances in air quality modelling systems and the improvement of emission inventories were presented during the meeting in order to carry out emission scenario projection studies that will allow the selection of cost-effective measures to achieve the new objectives and thus reduce the damage to public health caused by pollutants such as PM and ozone.

The National Ozone Plan was the central theme of the round table discussion, in which David Cáceres, a technician from the Ministry of Transition and Ecology and the Demographic Challenge, Xavier Querol from the CSIC, Eliseo Monfort from the ITC/UJI, Gotzon Gangoiti from the University of the Basque Country and Hervé Petetin from the Barcelona Supercomputing Centre took part. One of the main conclusions is that, in order to reduce ozone levels, Spain must reduce at least 30% of emissions from road transport and 20% from shipping, while studies and measurements show that there are significant ozone contributions from some of the autonomous communities in Spain and also from neighbouring countries such as Portugal, France and Italy.

In this sense, the representative of the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge explained that coordination with neighbouring countries is necessary "because the transboundary effect is very important in Spain". However, the studies presented during the seminar show that "in the last decade, ozone pollution levels in Spain have decreased, especially in 2022-2023, probably due to the high penetration of renewable energy", said Xavier Querol.

The government intends to publish the National Ozone Plan this year, in 2024, which, according to studies carried out by experts from the Barcelona Supercomputing Centre, should include the need to reduce emissions from land transport by at least 30% and from sea transport by 20%, as well as additional measures for industry and air transport.

The seminar "Air quality in Spain. Millán Millán" was closed by the Rector of the Jaume I University, Eva Alcón, accompanied by the Councillor for Environment, Water, Infrastructure and Territory, Salomé Pradas, and the Mayoress of Benicasim, Susana Marqués.

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