Students and lecturers of the Degree in History and Heritage of the UJI take part in the excavations of the ‘civita di Tarquinia’ (Italy)



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## Students and lecturers of the Degree in History and Heritage of the UJI take part in the excavations of the ‘civita di Tarquinia’ (Italy)

09/09/2024 |
SCP

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Students from the Bachelor's Degree in History and Cultural Heritage of the Universitat Jaume I of Castelló will be taking part in an archaeological excavation in the 'civita di Tarquinia' (Italy) throughout the month of September, as part of the 'Tarquinia città romana' archaeological research project coordinated by the Italian universities of Macerata and Verona and the Universitat Jaume I. This project has been approved by the Italian Ministry of Culture and will last for three years.

Tarquinia was undoubtedly the most important city in Etruria and the direct predecessor of Rome, where the Etruscan dynasty of the Tarquinii ruled from the end of the 7th century BC and throughout the 6th century BC. Archaeological research in Tarquinia has so far focused mainly on the early phases, from the Villanovan period to the 4th century BC, of which considerable evidence is preserved in the necropolis of Monterozzi.

The aim of the project is to carry out an ambitious archaeological investigation over several years and to approach the study of the city in the Roman period with the aim of filling one of the gaps in the historiography of Roman Italy. It is divided into several phases (preliminary studies, archaeological excavation, analysis of structures and materials, consolidation and restoration, and dissemination of results) and the archaeological intervention will be carried out in the 'civita di Tarquinia' (Italy), specifically in the Domus Mithraeum, Macellum and Roman Forum sectors.

The work will make it possible to study the archaeological remains (with the contribution of hitherto unknown data) and to analyse the historical, epigraphic and literary sources in order to study in detail the development of the Roman city. It will also examine the relationship with the hinterland, the role of the city in the late Republican and Imperial economic system and its social and political reality as an important centre in the Mediterranean trade system, as well as its connection with Rome, where its role was not insignificant, as revealed by literary and epigraphic sources.

The archaeological work, led by Professor Giulia Baratta of the University of Macerata, Josep Benedito of the Universitat Jaume I and Attilio Mastrocinque of the University of Verona, will be carried out using advanced recording technologies and will consist of excavations in previously unexplored areas of the forum, *macellum* and new *domus*. High-quality multidisciplinary methods will also be developed, including the integration of non-destructive techniques (NDT), three-dimensional photogrammetric modelling (SfM) or 3D mapping.

Josep Benedito, vice-dean of the Degree in History and Cultural Heritage at the UJI, explained that "the excavations will serve not only to study a Roman city that is little known, but also to promote the recovery of the area and increase the value of the site in terms of sustainable tourism. For this reason, the results will not only be the subject of academic publications, but will also be widely disseminated in the form of conferences, exhibitions, seminars and workshops.

Since 2016, the team from the University of Verona, led by Professor A. Mastrocinque, has been carrying out excavations aimed not only at reconstructing the urban development of the city, but above all at studying the Roman phase, a rich and promising field of research that has never been considered. So far, excavations have been carried out in the area of the *Domus of Mithraeum* and, since 2021, in the Forum (currently being published). Geophysical surveys have identified some of the gates and streets that made up the urban layout, dwellings, baths, porticoes, warehouses, a macellum, a basilica and the forum.

The results of these preliminary studies point to a site of exceptional potential, a description confirmed by the historical and epigraphic sources, such as those of M. Torelli, which show a clear link both with Rome and with numerous Mediterranean cities, including those of Hispania, and by the archaeological evidence, which, with the exception of the preliminary studies, is currently limited to isolated finds, albeit of exceptional importance.

The multidisciplinary and international research team, made up of researchers from the three universities, is coordinated by the Universitat Jaume I, with the participation of specialists in archaeology, ancient history, classical sources, geography, epigraphy and numismatics, as well as experts in the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage, architecture, topography, geology, biology, chemistry and computer science, among others.

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