The UA-UJI Interuniversity Institute of Geography presents a study of the situation of urban public transport in Castelló and proposals to improve it



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## The UA-UJI Interuniversity Institute of Geography presents a study of the situation of urban public transport in Castelló and proposals to improve it

08/01/2024 |
SCP

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Urban and interurban transport plays a key role in territorial cohesion by making fundamental services available to the whole population, and it is an essential element in achieving more sustainable mobility. The Interuniversity Institute of Geography of the University of Alicante and the Universitat Jaume I in Castelló has been studying and analysing this important area of knowledge, which has a direct influence on people's quality of life, for more than five years.

The studies carried out by the lecturers Pablo Marco and Javier Soriano have covered different aspects, such as the relationship between transport and the depopulation of the rural environment, its historical legacy, and the analysis of the current situation of infrastructures in the province and town of Castelló. Recently, the book by the lecturer Pablo Marco *Un siglo de transporte urbano en Castelló. Historia del transporte público en la capital de La Plana* obtained the Demetrio Ribes Chair Award from the University of Valencia and the Valencian regional government.

With data and information obtained over the last seven years, a report has been drawn up analysing urban public transport in Castelló de la Plana and presenting various proposals for improvement, some of them without financial cost. The aim is to promote an increase in the use of public transport and achieve greater efficiency in the road network and existing infrastructures, which would benefit the public.

According to the report, the current network provides generally adequate coverage for most of the town centre, and the number of lines is on average for Spanish cities with similar populations. However, the transport system has various dysfunctions and aspects open to improvement, especially in areas such as optimising resources, using infrastructure and providing users with information. Correcting these would allow an improvement in important parameters, such as the frequency or commercial speed of the network.

With regard to the service frequency and optimisation of the infrastructure, the study noted insufficient use of resources, as simultaneous departures were observed on bus lines with route sections that coincide, such as 1 and 2; 3 and 11; 12 and 15; and 4 and 9. For this reason, it is proposed to stagger departures and open the tram's reserved lane on Avinguda del Mar, Passeig Morella and Passeig de la Universitat to prioritise traffic and increase frequencies, which are 23 minutes on average.

In the case of the Grau line, currently operated by the Valencian regional government, the researchers suggest its full incorporation into the municipal network and the creation of direct connections from the beaches to centres of attraction, such as the General University Hospital. Other measures focus on the quality of the service and accessibility, including the completion of canopy installation at all stops where public space allows, and ensuring maximum accessibility at the stops, taking advantage of those used for the tram.

With regard to this means of transport, the report states that its services should be equivalent to those of a BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) system, with the application of measures such as improving traffic light preference, building the extension to El Pinar beach, speeding up access using all doors, implementing a frequency of at least 10 minutes, and creating double platforms on all new sections built in the future.

Information to users is one of the most deficient points of the current urban transport system, despite the improvements introduced in recent years. The report explains that clear, simple information with a standardised design must be offered, indicating the timetable for each line on walls if there are no screens. The information offered by the different websites must also be standardised and brought together in a single app. Payment methods also need improving, with the creation of an integrated tariff system, with an interoperable card, as well as making the most of technology, such as mobile phone payments.

The report also proposes measures for special services, such as extending the routes and improving the frequencies of lines 5 and 13, and establishing new services for the Monday market and football matches at the Castalia stadium; creating new reserved lanes (already provided for in the urban mobility plans PMUS and PMoME); and expanding coverage by implementing a shuttle service on industrial estates or on-demand transport in low-density areas, such as La Marjaleria.

The researchers say that, in some cases, resolving the dysfunctions and improving some of the parameters would be possible by implementing optimisation measures with no cost to the public purse, although they are aware that other actions would require greater commitments. However, they are opposed to measures such as free transport (except passes for vulnerable groups), because they believe that, if the budget required for them was invested in improving the service parameters, this would result in a more attractive and competitive offer.

The profile of travellers using urban public transport in Castelló indicates that the captive population – those who, due to age or social situation, cannot travel in a private vehicle – forms the main group of users of a transport network that “is still not a real alternative for mobility for those who have a vehicle” and that the quality of the offer is a more important factor determining use than aspects such as price.

The [Castelló branch](https://www.uji.es/serveis/ocit/base/grupsinvestigacio/detall?codi=IIG) of the [Interuniversity Institute of Geography](https://iig.ua.es/), coordinated by professor Juan Bautista Ferreres, consists of lecturers from the Regional Geographic Analysis and Human Geography sections who study and analyse meteorological data, mobility, depopulation, tourism and heritage. The Institute was set up by the University of Alicante in 1982, and the Climate Laboratory at the Universitat Jaume I joined in July 2009, when it became an interuniversity institute.

The report is available on the website of the Interuniversity Institute of Geography:

<https://iig.ua.es/es/documentos/noticias/2023/iig-propuestas-mejora-tte-pub-cs-prensa.pdf>

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