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17. 3. 89 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 67/7

## II

_(Preparatory Acts)_

# COMMISSION

Re-examined proposal for a Council Decision adopting a specific research and technological
development programme of the European Economic Community in the fields of industrial

manufacturing technologies and advanced materials applications (')

Brite/Euram

(1989 to 1992)

PART I

_COM(89) 84 final_ — _SYN 142_

_(Submitted by the Commission pursuant to Article 149 (2) (d) of the EEC Treaty on 24 February_

_1989)_

(89/C 67/06)

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European
Economic Community and in particular Article 130 Q
(2) thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

In cooperation with the European Parliament,

Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and
Social Committee,

Whereas Article 130 K of the Treaty stipulates that the
framework programme shall be implemented through
specific programmes developed within each activity;

Whereas, by its Decision 87/516/Euratom, EEC ( [2] ), the
Council has adopted a framework programme of
Community research and technological development
(1987 to 1991) providing for activities in the field of
science and technology for manufacturing industry and
advanced materials;

Whereas that Decision provides that a particular aim of
Community research shall be to strengthen the scientific
and technological basis of European industry and to
encourage it to become more competitive at the international level and that Community action is justified

where research contributes, _inter alia,_ to the strengthening of the economic and social cohesion of the
Community and the promotion of its overall harmonious
development, while being consistent with the pursuit of
scientific and technical quality; whereas it is intended
that the Brite/Euram programme should contribute to
the achievement of these objectives;

Whereas Council Decision 85/196/EEC ( [3] ) decided on a
first multiannual research and development programme
for the European Economic Community in the fields of
basic technological research and the application of new
technologies (Brite 1985 to 1988);

Whereas Council Decision 86/235/EEC ( [4] ) decided on a
research programme on materials (raw materials and
advanced materials) (1986 to 1989);

Whereas in cases where industrial progress is hampered
by lack of basic knowledge, it is necessary to support
focussed fundamental research projects;

Whereas it is necessary to react adequately to the interest
shown by the industry in transnational cooperation;

Whereas it is necessary to involve small and
medium-sized enterprises to the maximum extent
possible in the development of industrial technologies by

(') OJ No C 228, 3. 9. 1988, p. 3.
( [2] ) OJ No L 302, 24. 10. 1987, p. 1. ( [3] ) OJ No L 83, 25. 3. 1985, p. 8.
( [4] ) OJ No L 159, 14. 6. 1986, p. 36.

No C 67/8 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 3. 89

taking into account their particular and specific
requirements while respecting the objective of the
scientific and technical quality of the programme;

Whereas it is appropriate to undertake precompetitive
research in aeronautics in order to meet medium- and

long-term technology requirements; whereas such
research should take particular account of economic,
safety and environmental aspects;

Whereas it is necessary to underline the industrial and
transnational nature of the programme by requiring
applied research projects with at least two industrial
partners from two different Member States;

Whereas it is necessary to ensure the industrial nature of
the programme by requiring focussed fundamental
research projects with industrial endorsement from at
least two independent enterprises;

Whereas organizations from non-Community European
countries which have concluded scientific and technical

cooperation agreements with the Community in industrially oriented R & D projects may, by participating
under appropriate conditions, contribute to the competitiveness of manufacturing industry as a whole;

Whereas the implementation of concerted actions in the
COST framework is an essential element to complement
industrially oriented R & D projects;

Whereas the Scientific and Technical Research

Committee (Crest) has expressed its opinion on the
Commission proposal,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

_Article 1_

A specific research and technological development
programme for the European Economic Community in
the fields of industrial manufacturing technologies and
advanced materials applications, as defined in Annex I, is
hereby adopted for a period of four years, from 1
January 1989.

_Article 2_

The funds estimated as necesary for the execution of the
programme amount to ECU 499 500 000, including
expenditure on staff whose cost shall not exceed 4,5 %
of the Community contribution.

The indicative internal allocation of these funds is set out

in Annex IV.

_Article 3_

Detailed rules for the implementation of the programme
and the rate of the Community's financial participation
are set out in Annex II.

_Article 4_

1. In the third year of the programme implementation,
the Commission shall undertake a review of the

programme and report to the Council and to the
European Parliament on the results of this review,
together, if necessary, with any proposals for modification or prolongation.

In respect of research relating to aeronautics, a review
will be carried out during the second year.

2. At the end of the programme, an evaluation of the
results achieved shall be conducted by the Commission
which shall report thereon to the Council and the
European Parliament.

3. The abovementioned reports shall be established
having regard to the objectives set out in Annex III to
this Decision and in conformity with the provisions of
Article 2 (2) of the framework programme.

_Article 5_

1. The Commission shall be responsible for the
execution of the programme.

2. The Commission shall be assisted by a committee,
hereinafter referred to as 'the committee', composed of
the representatives of the Member States and chaired by
the representative of the Commission.

3. Contracts concluded by the Commission shall
govern the rights and obligations of each party, in
particular arrangements for the dissemination, protection
and exploitation of research results.

_Article 6_

1. In respect of research to be undertaken under Areas
1 to 4 of Annex I, the following procedure shall apply:

(i) The Commission shall submit to the committee a
draft of the measures to be taken. The committee

shall deliver its opinion within a time limit which the
chairman may lay down according to urgency of the
matter, if necessary by taking a vote.

(ii) The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes of the
committee; in addition, each Member State shall
have the right to have its opinion recorded in the
minutes.

(iii) The Commission shall take the utmost account of
the opinion delivered by the committee. It shall
inform the committee of the manner in which its

opinion has been taken into account.

17. 3. 89 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 67/9

2. In respect of research to be undertaken under area
5 of Annex I, the following procedure shall apply:

(i) The representative of the Commission shall submit
to the committee a draft of the measures to be

taken. The committee shall deliver its opinion on the
draft within a time limit which the chairman may lay
down according to the urgency of the matter. The
opinion shall be delivered by the majority laid down
in Article 148 (2) of the Treaty in the case of
Decisions which the Council is required to adopt on
a proposal from the Commission. The votes of the
representatives of the Member States within the
committee shall be weighted in the manner set out
in that Article. The chairman shall not vote.

(ii) The Commission shall adopt the measures envisaged
if they are in accordance with the opinion of the
committee.

(iii) If the measures envisaged are not in accordance
with the opinion of the committee, or if no opinion
is delivered, the Commission shall, without delay,
submit to the Council a proposal relating to the
measures to be taken. The Council shall act by a
qualified majority.

(iv) If, on the expiry of a period which may in no case
exceed two months from the date of referral to the

Council, the Council has not acted, the proposed
measures shall be adopted by the Commission.

_Article 7_

The procedures laid down in Article 6 (1) and (2) shall
apply, subject to the provisions of those paragraphs, in
particular to:

— the establishment of the work plan for research to be
carried out under area 5 of Annex I,

— the scientific and technical assessment of proposals
received,

— any departure from the rules for implementation set
out at Annex II,

— the participation in any project by non-Community
organizations or enterprises referred to in Article 8,

— any adaptation of the internal indicative allocation of
funds set out in Annex IV,

— the measures to be undertaken to evaluate the

programme,

— arrangements for the dissemination, protection and
exploitation of the results of research carried out
under the programme.

_Article 8_

1. Where framework agreements for scientific and
technical cooperation between non-Community
European countries and the European Communities have
been concluded, organizations and enterprises established in those countries may, on the basis of the
criterion of mutual advantage, become partners in a
project undertaken within the programme.

2. No contractor based outside the Community and
participating as a partner in a project undertaken under
the programme may benefit from the Community
financing of the programme. The contractor shall
contribute to the general administration costs.

_Article 9_

The Commission shall ensure that procedures are set up
to allow for appropriate cooperation with COST activities related to the areas of research covered by the
programme, by ensuring regular exchanges of information between the committee referred to in Article 5

and the relevant COST management committee.

_Article 10_

The Decision is addressed to the Member States.

_ANNEX I_

PROGRAMME SUMMARY AND OBJECTIVES

1. Advanced materials technologies

The work in this area will focus on the development of improved or new materials and material
processing for a wide range of possible applications except those directly related to information technology (IT) covered in Esprit (').

(') Developments of materials already covered by Esprit are, for instance, dealing with magnetic, magneto-optical, optical
thin films for sensors, recording media and heads, optical layers and specific materials for opto-electronics, ceramics
and polymers for integrated circuit packaging and specific substrates, superconducting thin films for low current
applications and devices.

No C 67/10 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 3. 89

Including in particular:

1.1. _Metallic materials and metallic matrix composites_

Objectives:

— extended working life of components,

— higher operating temperatures for increased thermal efficiency,

— better and more effective material processing techniques;

1.2. _Materials for magnetic, optical, electrical and superconducting applications_

Objectives:

— improved materials and materials processing for optical, magnetic, electrical and superconducting
applications;

1.3. _High temperature non-metallic materials_

Objectives:

— design methodologies for products based on ceramics, glasses and amorphous materials,

— improved monolithic and ceramic composites and metal/ceramic interfaces for industrial
applications,

— better processing techniques and quality control strategies;

1.4. _Polymers and organic matrix composites_

Objectives:

— development of polymers for specific applications,

— more cost-effective process techniques for parts made from polymer and polymer matrix
composites,

— design rules for the specification and manufacture of engineering polymers and composites,

— new polymers with improved recycling attributes,

— improved product assurance techniques;

1.5. _Materials for specialized applications_

Objectives:

— improved materials and their processing for specialized applications.

2. Design methodology and assurance for products and processes

The development of techniques to improve product quality and the reliability and maintainability of
structures and manufacturing systems by clarification of the design aims for both product and process,
and by refinement of the criteria against which the attributes are measured. The exploitation of
materials for application in sensors, and the reduction in the whole life costs of sensors are also
included in this section. This will complement work in Community IT programmes, where on-line
control is treated, including monitoring and diagnostics, predictive maintenance and quality assurance.

Including in particular:

2.1. _Quality and reliability and maintainability in industry_

Objectives:

— improved performance measurement for manufacturing operations in a wide variety of industries,

— improved and more predictable physical and environmental behaviour of products,

— improved quality control strategies,

— design rules for reliability and maintainability of components, structures and systems including
machinery operating under varying conditions;

17. 3. 89 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 67/11

2.2. _Process_ _and product assurance_

Objectives:

— reduction of whole life costs of sensor systems for process control,

— exploitation of materials properties for applications in sensors,

— use of advanced measurement techniques for more cost-effective examination of topology,

— improved energy control for industrial applications,

— improved non-destructive testing methods for product assurance.

3. Application of manufacturing technologies

Here the task is to identify and address the needs of manufacturing industry and particularly the less
advanced sectors, many of which have a major part made up of small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs). It is to be expected that modelling of physical processes will be a valuable instrument for
progress. Also addressed is the challenge to the industries based on the use of flexible materials. The
work will mainly focus on product and process development, transferring and adapting technology
already used in other sectors. This should complement work in Esprit where IT systems for advanced
manufacturing and CIM are being developed.

Including in particular:

3.1. _Advancing manufacturing practices_

Objectives:

— identifying means for improving manufacturing practices in specific sectors,

— transfer and adaptation of technology already used in other sectors;

3.2. _Manufacturing_ _processes_ _for flexible materials_

Objectives:

— increased process flexibility,

— reduced waste of material,

— improved process and product quality.

4. Technologies for manufacturing processes

Improved techniques for shaping, joining and assembly, surface treatment, chemical processes and
particle technology are fundamental needs for industry. Advancement of these processes is essential for
securing manufacturing competitiveness.

Including in particular:

4.1. _Surface techniques_

Objectives:

— cost-effective surface treatments for industrial applications,

— techniques for quality assurance and control of the treatment process;

4.2. _Shaping, assembly and joining_

Objectives:

— improved methodologies for shaping processes and assembly,

— improved joining techniques to improve reliability and reduce defect levels,

— methods for testing welded and bonded joints to improve reliability of results and service predictability,

N o C 67/12 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 3. 89

— design methodology for joining,

— better understanding of beam/workpiece interactions for industrial power beam processes;

4.3. _Chemical processes_

Objectives:

— improved predictability and yield in chemical processes,

— membrane materials with improved characteristics,

— improved performance of membrane processes,

— new systems for separation in hostile environments;

4.4. _Particle and powder_ _processes_

Objectives:

— improved techniques for particle production to optimize produce shape, structure and stability,

— cost-effective techniques for particle categorization and process performance,

— better approaches to handling and separation,

— cost-effective routes for small lots of high-quality powder;

5. Specific activities relating to aeronautics

This section covers precompetitive research in technological areas which are of primary relevance to
aeronautics (in particular aeroplanes and helicopters) and are not yet covered in other programme

areas.

5.1. _Aerodynamics_

Objectives:

— analysis and optimization of configurations for supersonic aircraft, including an estimation of
aerothermodynamic heat loads,

— investigation of laminar flow technology,

— development of numerical methods,

— integration of computerized design technologies;

5.2. _Acoustics_

Objectives:

— noise source identification, prediction and reduction,

— basic investigation of acoustic fatigue and related damage tolerance on advanced composites,

— investigation of different construction methods,

— development and application of simulation models for response calculations under selected acoustic
loads;

5.3. _Airborne systems and equipment_

Objectives:

— integration and operation of modern systems and equipment and corresponding new architectures,

— investigations concerning the use of onboard intelligent knowledge base systems (IKBS),

— investigations into the concept of the 'all electric aircraft';

17. 3. 89 Official Journal of the European Communities N o C 67/13

5.4. _Propulsion systems_

Objectives:

— integration of advanced propeller and propeller-rotor systems,

— provision of mathematical models for different design evaluation,

— specification and design of wind tunnel models and their components,

— specific aspects of air-breathing engine combustion.

_ANNEX_ _II_

RULES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

The Commission shall implement the programme on the basis of the scientific and technical content set out
in detail in Annex I.

The Commission shall distribute, in all Community languages, information packs to accompany the invitation to participate in order to guarantee equal opportunities for the undertakings, universities and
research centres in the Member States.

The programme is carried out principally by means of shared-cost research contracts to be awarded
following a selection procedure based on calls for proposals published in the _Official Journal of the_
_European Communities._

Participants may be industrial organizations, research institutes and universities, established in the
Community. Each contractor will be expected to make a significant contribution to projects. The
contractors shall be expected to bear a substantial proportion of the costs, 50 % of which shall normally be
borne by the Community.

Industrial applied research

The principal form of support for industrial applied research of a precompetitive character will be through
shared-cost action. At least two industrial enterprises from different Member States and independent of
each other must take part in each project. Each party is expected to make a significant contribution to the
project. The contracting parties shall bear a substantial part of the costs, up to 50 % of which shall, as a
rule, be borne by the Community.

Alternatively, in respect of universities and research institutes carrying out projects, the Community may,
within the abovementioned limits of its financial contribution, bear up to 100 % of the additional expenditure involved.

Recognizing the important role of SMEs in developing the manufacturing base of the Community and the
merits of their participation in the programme, the Commission will examine in consultation with the
committee how research organizations can best act within the programme to meet the R & D needs of
SMEs. Projects should include at least 10 man-years of activity, the realistic minimum for an effective
collaborative project, and the total projects costs should fall in the range ECU 1 million to ECU 3 million.

Focussed fundamental research

Focussed fundamental research projects shall involve at least two partners established in different Member
States. When the partners are universities or research institutes, the project should be endorsed by at least
two legally independent industrial enterprises and the Community could bear up to 100 % of the marginal
costs of universities and research institutes. Projects should include at least 10 man-years of activity and fall
in the range of ECU 400 000 to ECU 1 million total project costs.

Feasibility awards for SMEs

The Commission will introduce a pilot scheme of feasibility awards aimed at assisting SMEs establish the
feasibility of a device, process or concept as a means of enhancing their stature in finding a partner in a
subsequent call for proposals under the shared cost action. The Commission will support up to 75 %

No C 67/14 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 3. 89

(maximum ECU 25 000) of the cost of research lasting up to six months. High standards of evaluation will
ensure that the awards are highly competitive and recognized as prestigious.

Coordinated activities

In cases where work, supported by national funds or entirely privately funded, is already going on, the
Commission's role may be limited to simply organizing the coordination of the work and the Community
funding confined to covering the cost of such coordination activities. However, in certain cases where it is
clear that strategically important work requires more than simply coordination, the Commission could, in
consultation with the committee, consider a higher Community funding.

Research relating to aeronautics

A work programme will be established to define precise objectives and determine priority themes for
research in area 5 of Annex I.

The Commission shall establish calls for proposals for projects in this area on the basis of the work

programme.

Projects in the field of aeronautics must include two industrial enterprises from different Member States.
Particular attention will be paid to ensuring:

— the complementarity of research carried out in this area with activities carried out under the
programmes of the Member States and those carried out in other forums of European transnational
cooperation, including Eureka,

— the participation of research institutes, universities and small and medium-sized enterprises,

— the maximum benefit to technological areas outside the aeronautics sector.

The rules relating to the financing of industrial applied research and focussed fundamental research shall
apply as appropriate to the financing of research projects relating to aeronautics.

_ANNEX_ _III_

PROGRAMME EVALUATION CRITERIA

The results against which the programme should be evaluated must reflect its objectives and the wider
objectives of the framework programme.

1. As the principal objective is to enhance the competitive position of the Community's manufacturing
industries, the evaluation should determine:

— the extent to which the projects were selected against credible and measurable industrial cirteria,

— the extent to which substantial product or process development has resulted from the work
supported.

2. A further objective is to encourage transfrontier collaboration in strategic industrial research. The
evaluation should determine:

— to what extent, before and after project completion, there were continuing links between partners
for research, development, manufacturing, marketing or staff formation.

3. A further programme objective is to encourage transfer of technology across Community frontiers and
between sectors, particularly those with a high predominance of SMEs. The evaluation should
determine:

— the extent to which SMEs have exploited technologies and new materials arising from successfully
completed projects,

— the extent to which accomplishments are protected by patent action or are disseminated to raise
awareness in the European research and technology Community.

17. 3. 89 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 67/15

As far as research relating to aeronautics is concerned, the evaluation will also include, in particular, the
following criteria:

— the contribution of such research to the technological competitiveness of the European aeronautical
industry,

— the benefits accruing to technological areas other than aeronautics,

— the added value of dedicated Community research in this area.

4. In the wider context of the framework programme, the evaluation shall be conducted in the light of all
the selection criteria set out in Annex III of the framework programme which include that of contributing to the strengthening of the economic and social cohesion of the Community.

This evaluation will be undertaken by independent evaluators.

_ANNEX_ _IV_

INDICATIVE INTERNAL ALLOCATION OF FUNDS

I. Sectors R & D _(%)_

1. Advanced materials technologies 28

2. Design methodology and assurance for products and processes 19

3. Application of manufacturing technologies 19

4. Technologies for manufacturing processes 20

5. Specific activities relating to aeronautics 7

II. Staff and administrative costs

Staff costs 4,5

Administrative costs 2,5

100,0

Between 7 and 10 % of the budget shall be available for fundamental research in the above areas where
industrial progress is impeded by gaps in basic scientific knowledge.

Up to 0,45 % of the available budget may be devoted to the feasibility awards referred to in Annex II.

No C 67/16 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 3. 89

PART II

Comment of the Commission on the amendment of the European Parliament which is not
accepted by the Commission:

1. At its session of February 15, the European Parliament adopted one amendment during the
second reading of the Common Position on Brite/Euram.

2. The Commission cannot accept this amendment for the following reason:

This amendment refers to the annual budget procedure and has already been taken
previously into account. The Commission believes that it is not necessary as it is already
covered by Article 130 P of the EEC Treaty.

AMENDMENT No 1

_Article 2_ _Article 2_

Amplify this Article to read as follows:

The funds estimated as necessary for the execution of
the programme amount to ECU 499 500 000, including
expenditure on staff whose cost shall not _exceed_ 4,5 %
of the Community contribution.

The indicative internal allocation of these funds is set out

in Annex IV.

The funds estimated as necessary for the execution of
the programme amount to ECU 499 500 000, including
expenditure on staff whose cost shall not exceed 4,5 %
of the Community contribution.

The indicative internal allocation of these funds is set out

in Annex IV.

The Commission shall each year in the context of the
annual budget procedure propose to the budgetary
authority that it enter the appropriations required for the
programme in proportion to the real needs of the
financial year concerned and to the financial perspective
as contained in the Interinstitutional Agreement.