Source: EURLEX
Language: en
Format: md

Judgment of the General Court (Sixth Chamber) of 13 September 2023 –  
Gürok Turizm ve Madencilik v EUIPO – Darvas and Pap (LΛΛVΛ)

(Case T‑473/22) (
[1](#t-ECR_62022TJ0473_INF_EN_01-E0001)
)

(EU trade mark – Opposition proceedings – Application for the EU figurative mark LΛΛVΛ – Earlier EU figurative marks LAV and Lav – Relative ground for refusal – No likelihood of confusion – Article 8(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) 2017/1001 – Right to be heard – Article 94(1), second sentence, of Regulation 2017/1001)

| 1. | EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an identical or similar earlier mark registered in respect of identical or similar goods or services – Likelihood of confusion with the earlier mark – Criteria for assessment  (European Parliament and Council Regulation 2017/1001, Art. 8(1)(b))  (see paragraphs 17, 18, 67) |

| 2. | EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an identical or similar earlier mark registered in respect of identical or similar goods or services – Likelihood of confusion with the earlier mark – Refusal to register where there is a relative ground for refusal, even if limited to part of the European Union  (European Parliament and Council Regulation 2017/1001, Art. 8(1)(b))  (see paragraph 19) |

| 3. | EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an identical or similar earlier mark registered in respect of identical or similar goods or services – Likelihood of confusion with the earlier mark – Assessment of the likelihood of confusion – Determination of the relevant public – Level of attention of the public  (European Parliament and Council Regulation 2017/1001, Art. 8(1)(b))  (see paragraphs 20, 24) |

| 4. | EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an identical or similar earlier mark registered in respect of identical or similar goods or services – Similarity between the marks concerned – Criteria for assessment – Composite mark  (European Parliament and Council Regulation 2017/1001, Art. 8(1)(b))  (see paragraphs 35, 36, 50) |

| 5. | EU trade mark – Definition and acquisition of the EU trade mark – Relative grounds for refusal – Opposition by the proprietor of an identical or similar earlier mark registered in respect of identical or similar goods or services – Likelihood of confusion with the earlier mark – Figurative mark LΛΛVΛ – Figurative marks LAV and Lav  (European Parliament and Council Regulation 2017/1001, Art. 8(1)(b))  (see paragraphs 42, 45, 73, 74) |

| 6. | EU trade mark – Procedural provisions – Decisions of EUIPO – Respect for the rights of the defence – Scope of the principle  (European Parliament and Council Regulation 2017/1001, Art. 94(1), second sentence)  (see paragraphs 79, 80) |

Operative part

The Court:

| 1. | Dismisses the action; |

| 2. | Orders Gürok Turizm ve Madencilik Anonim Sirketi to pay the costs. |

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(
[1](#c-ECR_62022TJ0473_INF_EN_01-E0001)
) [OJ C 359, 19.9.2022](./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:C:2022:359:TOC).

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