google-research-datasets/tydiqa huggingface dataset:
Zorro

Zorro made his debut in the 1919 novel The Curse of Capistrano, originally meant as a stand-alone story. However, the success of the 1920 film adaptation The Mark of Zorro starring Douglas Fairbanks convinced McCulley to write more Zorro stories for about four decades: the character was featured in a total of five serialized stories and 57 short stories, the last one appearing in print posthumously in 1959, the year after his death. The Curse of Capistrano eventually sold more than 50 million copies, becoming one of the most sold books of all time. While the rest of McCulley's Zorro stories didn't enjoy the same popularity, as most of them were never reprinted until the 21st century, the character also appears in over 40 films and in ten TV series, the most famous being the Disney-produced Zorro series of 1957–59, starring Guy Williams. Other media featuring Zorro include stories by other authors, audio/radio dramas, comic books and strips, stage productions and video games.

Question: Who was the first actor to play Zoro?
Answer: Douglas Fairbanks
APA Ethics Code

A second committee was formed and headed by Nicholas Hobbs. This 8-member committee was responsible for the creation of the first document. The committee used contributions from over 2,000 psychologists to create the first principles.[8] The committee reviewed the situations submitted by psychologists to the first committee and attempted to organize the situations into themes.[7] Themes that emerged reflected many of the political and social issues of the time including racial segregation, post-war politics, and the testing industry.[1] The first version of the Ethical Standards of Psychologists was adopted in 1952 and published in 1953 by the American Psychological Association (APA).[7] The document was over 170 pages in length.[8] The first version contained many ethical dilemmas that psychologists had written about and submitted to the first committee as case examples.

Question: When was the code of ethics for psychology written?
Answer: 1952
Solar System

Mercury (0.4AU from the Sun) is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest planet in the Solar System (0.055M⊕). Mercury has no natural satellites; besides impact craters, its only known geological features are lobed ridges or rupes that were probably produced by a period of contraction early in its history.[74] Mercury's very tenuous atmosphere consists of atoms blasted off its surface by the solar wind.[75] Its relatively large iron core and thin mantle have not yet been adequately explained. Hypotheses include that its outer layers were stripped off by a giant impact; or, that it was prevented from fully accreting by the young Sun's energy.[76][77]

Question: Which is the smallest planet?
Answer: Mercury
Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex

Walter Devereux was the eldest son of Sir Richard Devereux, who was created a Knight of the Bath on 20 February 1547 and died that same year, in the lifetime of his father, The 1st Viscount Hereford. [1] Walter Devereux's mother was Lady Dorothy Hastings, daughter of The 1st Earl of Huntingdon and Anne Stafford, said to have been a mistress of Henry VIII. Through his paternal ancestry he was related to the Bourchier family, to which previous Earls of Essex had belonged:[2][lower-alpha 1] John Devereux, son of Walter Devereux who died at the Battle of Bosworth, married Cecily Bourchier, sister of Henry Bourchier, 2nd Earl of Essex.[1]

Question: When was Walter Devereux made a knight?
Answer: 20 February 1547
Ukrainization

Until the early-1930s, Ukrainian culture enjoyed a widespread revival due to Bolshevik policies known as the policy of Korenization ("indigenization"). In these years a Ukrainization program was implemented throughout the republic. In such conditions, the Ukrainian national idea initially continued to develop and even spread to a large territory with traditionally mixed population in the east and south that became part of the Ukrainian Soviet republic.

Question: When was Ukrainization policy first implemented in the Ukraine?
Answer: Until the early-1930s
Marlboro Man

The Marlboro Man is a figure used in tobacco advertising campaigns for Marlboro cigarettes. In the United States, where the campaign originated, it was used from 1954 to 1999. The Marlboro Man was first conceived by Leo Burnett in 1954. The images initially featured rugged men portrayed in a variety of roles[1] but later primarily featured a rugged cowboy or cowboys, in picturesque wild terrain.[2] The advertisements were originally conceived as a way to popularize filtered cigarettes, which at the time were considered feminine.

Question: When was the Marlboro Man retired from Marlboro's ads?
Answer: 1999
Beat Generation

The Beat Generation was a literary movement started by a group of authors whose work explored and influenced American culture and politics in the post-war era. The bulk of their work was published and popularized throughout the 1950s. The central elements of Beat culture are the rejection of standard narrative values, making a spiritual quest, the exploration of American and Eastern religions, the rejection of materialism, explicit portrayals of the human condition, experimentation with psychedelic drugs, and sexual liberation and exploration.[1][2]

Question: When was the Beat Generation?
Answer: 1950s
Super Sentai

The Super Sentai Series(スーパー戦隊シリーズ,Sūpā Sentai Shirīzu) is a Japanese superhero team metaseries of TV series produced by Toei Company, Toei Agency and Bandai, and aired by TV Asahi ("Sentai" is the Japanese word for "task force" or "fighting squadron"). The shows are of the tokusatsu genre, featuring live action characters and colorful special effects, and are aimed at children. Super Sentai airs alongside the Kamen Rider series in the Super Hero Time programming block on Sunday mornings. In North America, the Super Sentai Series is best known as the source material for the Power Rangers franchise.

Question: Where is the Super Sentai Series from?
Answer: Japan
Dutch people

Dutch people (Dutch: Nederlanders) or the Dutch are a Germanic ethnic group native to the Netherlands.[12][13][14] They share a common culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Aruba, Suriname, Guyana, Curaçao, Argentina, Brazil, Canada,[15] Australia,[16] South Africa,[2] New Zealand, and the United States.[17] The Low Countries were situated around the border of France and the Holy Roman Empire, forming a part of their respective peripheries, and the various territories  of which they consisted had become virtually autonomous by the 13th century.[18] Under the Habsburgs, the Netherlands were organised into a single administrative unit, and in the 16th and 17th centuries the Northern Netherlands gained independence from Spain as the Dutch Republic.[19] The high degree of urbanization characteristic of Dutch society was attained at a relatively early date.[20] During the Republic the first series of large-scale Dutch migrations outside of Europe took place.

Question: What country are the Dutch from?
Answer: Netherlands
History of Doctor Who

Doctor Who is a British television science fiction series, produced and screened by the BBC on the BBC TV channel from 1963 to 1964, and on BBC1 (later BBC One) from 1964 to 1989 and since 2005. A one-off television movie, co-produced with Universal Pictures and 20th Century Fox Television, was screened on the Fox Network in the United States in 1996.

Question: When did Doctor Who first premier?
Answer: 1963
Vince McMahon

Vincent Kennedy McMahon (/məkˈmæn/; born August 24, 1945) is an American professional wrestling promoter and executive, American football executive, and businessman. Since taking over the company from his father in the 1980s, he has worked in the corporate area of the WWE and behind the scenes. He currently serves as the majority owner, chairman and CEO of WWE as well as founder of Alpha Entertainment, which is the holding company of the American football league the XFL.[4]

Question: Who is the CEO of the WWE?
Answer: Vincent Kennedy McMahon
United States presidential line of succession

The line of succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the eligible heads of federal executive departments who form the president's Cabinet. The Presidential Succession Act refers specifically to officers beyond the vice president acting as president rather than becoming president when filling a vacancy. The Cabinet currently has 15 members, of which the Secretary of State is first in line; the other Cabinet secretaries follow in the order in which their department (or the department of which their department is the successor) was created. Those heads of department who are constitutionally ineligible to be elected to the presidency are also disqualified from assuming the powers and duties of the presidency through succession. Since 1789, the vice president has succeeded to the presidency intra-term on nine occasions, eight times due to the incumbent's death, and once due to resignation. No one lower in the line of succession has yet been called upon to act as president.

Question: What happens when the president and VP of the USA die?
Answer: The line of succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the eligible heads of federal executive departments who form the president's Cabinet. The Presidential Succession Act refers specifically to officers beyond the vice president acting as president rather than becoming president when filling a vacancy
History of calculus

Calculus, known in its early history as infinitesimal calculus, is a mathematical discipline focused on limits, functions, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series. Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz independently discovered calculus in the mid-17th century. However, both inventors claimed that the other had stolen his work, and the Leibniz-Newton calculus controversy continued until the end of their lives.

Question: Who is the father of calculus?
Answer: Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Microsoft Windows version history

Microsoft Windows was announced by Bill Gates on November 10, 1983.[1] Microsoft introduced Windows as a graphical user interface for MS-DOS, which had been introduced a couple of years earlier. In the 1990s, the product line evolved from an operating environment into a fully complete, modern operating system over two lines of development, each with their own separate codebase.

Question: When was Microsoft Windows first released?
Answer: November 10, 1983
Suffolk County, New York

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2,373 square miles (6,150km2), of which 912 square miles (2,360km2) is land and 1,461 square miles (3,780km2) (62%) is water.[6] It is the second-largest county in New York by total area and occupies 66% of the land area of Long Island.

Question: How large is Suffolk County in New York?
Answer: 2,373 square miles (6,150km
Fermi paradox

Although Fermi's name is most commonly associated with the paradox, he was not the first to ask the question. An earlier implicit mention was by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky in an unpublished manuscript from 1933.[23] He noted "people deny the presence of intelligent beings on the planets of the universe" because "(i) if such beings exist they would have visited Earth, and (ii) if such civilizations existed then they would have given us some sign of their existence." This was not a paradox for others, who took this to imply the absence of ETs, but it was for him, since he himself was a strong believer in extraterrestrial life and the possibility of space travel. Therefore, he proposed what is now known as the zoo hypothesis and speculated that mankind is not yet ready for higher beings to contact us.[24] That Tsiolkovsky himself may not have been the first to discover the paradox is suggested by his above-mentioned reference to other people's reasons for denying the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations.

Question: When was the Fermi paradox created?
Answer: 1933
Timeline of Briarcliff Manor

1839(1839): Briarcliff Manor's oldest church, Saint Mary's Episcopal Church, is founded.[8] 1854(1854): All Saints' Episcopal Church is founded.[4] 1864(1864): Weskora is renamed Scarborough.[7](p11) 1865(1865): A one-room schoolhouse is built on land donated by John Whitson; it is the first schoolhouse and church in the area.[11][12] 1880(1880): The Whitson's Corners station is added to the New York City & Northern Railroad train schedule,[13] and the first train arrives on December 13.[8] 1881(1881): The Whitson's Corners post office is established.[8] 1890(1890): Walter W. Law moves with his family to the area and purchases his first 236 acres (96ha) with the James Stillman farm for $35,000 ($976,000 in 2018[14]).[4] 1891(1891): Congregation Sons of Israel is formed by eleven men in Ossining.[7](p101) 1892(1892): Elliott Fitch Shepard ordered the construction of Scarborough's first dock at the present Scarborough Park to allow construction materials to be shipped to his property.[15] October13,1893(1893-10-13): The Scarborough Presbyterian Church is founded.[4] 1895(1895): Elliott Fitch Shepard's mansion Woodlea is completed.[16](p153) 1896(1896): Briarcliff Congregational Church is built to replace the congregation's use of the schoolhouse.[13] 1897(1897): The post office is renamed the Briarcliff Manor Post Office.[8] August4,1898(1898-08-04): The first Scarborough train station and post office is struck by lightning and burns down.[17] 1900(1900): Law owns more than 5,000 acres (7.8sqmi) of Westchester County,[13][18] and becomes the largest individual landholder in the county.[19] 1900(1900): Law establishes the School of Practical Agriculture on Pleasantville Road on 66 acres (0.1sqmi).[11]

Question: What is the oldest building in Briarcliff Manor?
Answer: Saint Mary's Episcopal Church
Melissa Auf der Maur

Auf der Maur was born in Montreal, Quebec to journalist and politician Nick Auf der Maur and journalist and literary translator Linda Gaboriau. Auf der Maur's father's family was Swiss–German and her mother's was mixed European-American. Gaboriau was born in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States. As a result, she holds dual Canadian–American citizenship.[6] Auf der Maur's surname translates to English as "on the wall", as "maur" was derived from the German word for "wall" (die Mauer). She has stated that her grandmother, Theresia Schaelin-Auf der Maur, was "always pounding my heritage down my throat—reminding me that I'm the last one in North America to further the name".[7]

Question: Where was Melissa Gaboriau Auf der Maur born?
Answer: Montreal, Quebec
Don McLean

The song was recorded on May 26, 1971, and a month later received its first radio airplay on New York's WNEW-FM and WPLJ-FM to mark the closing of Fillmore East, the famous New York concert hall.  "American Pie" reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 from January 15 to February 5, 1972, and remains McLean's most successful single release. The single also topped the Billboard Easy Listening chart. With a total running time of 8:36 encompassing both sides of the single, it is also the longest song to reach number 1. Some stations played only part one of the original split-sided single release.[9]

Question: When was the song American Pie first recorded?
Answer: May 26, 1971
Horse

Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response. Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horses tending to sleep significantly more than adults.[4] Female horses, called mares, carry their young for approximately 11months, and a young horse, called a foal, can stand and run shortly following birth. Most domesticated horses begin training under saddle or in harness between the ages of two and four. They reach full adult development by age five, and have an average lifespan of between 25 and 30years.

Question: What is the life expectancy of a horse?
Answer: 25 and 30years
History of the board game Monopoly

The board game Monopoly has its origins in the early 20th century. The earliest known version of Monopoly, known as The Landlord's Game, was designed by an American, Elizabeth Magie, and first patented in 1904 but existed as early as 1902.[1][2] Magie, a follower of Henry George, originally intended The Landlord's Game to illustrate the economic consequences of Ricardo's Law of Economic rent and the Georgist concepts of economic privilege and land value taxation.[3] A series of board games was developed from 1906 through the 1930s that involved the buying and selling of land and the development of that land. By 1933, a board game had been created much like the version of Monopoly sold by Parker Brothers and its related companies through the rest of the 20th century, and into the 21st. Several people, mostly in the Midwestern United States and near the East Coast, contributed to the game's design and evolution.

Question: When was the game Monopoly first released?
Answer: early 20th century
Battle of Camlann

The Battle of Camlann (Welsh: Gwaith Camlan or Brwydr Camlan) is reputed to have been the final battle of King Arthur, in which he either died or was fatally wounded, fighting either with or against Mordred, who is also said to have died.

Question: How did King Arthur die?
Answer: Battle of Camlann
GoGo Sentai Boukenger

GoGo Sentai Boukenger(轟轟戦隊ボウケンジャー,Gōgō Sentai Bōkenjā, [Note 1][Note 2]) is the 30th series in Toei's Super Sentai series, a metaseries of Japanese tokusatsu programming. It is the first installment to be broadcast in 16:9 aspect ratio. It premiered on February 19, 2006 at 7:30a.m. on TV Asahi. Its footage was used in the American series, Power Rangers Operation Overdrive, while the original footage was dubbed into Korean for the South Korean series, Power Rangers Treasure Force.

Question: When was the Japanese Super Sentai series GoGo Sentai Boukenger first introduced?
Answer: February 19, 2006 at 7:30a.m
New Zealand Company

The New Zealand Company, chartered in the United Kingdom, was a company that existed in the first half of the 1800s on a business model focused on the systematic colonisation of New Zealand. The company was formed to carry out the principles devised by Edward Gibbon Wakefield, who envisaged the creation of a new-model English society in the southern hemisphere. Under Wakefield’s model, the colony would attract capitalists who would then have a ready supply of labour—migrant labourers who could not initially afford to be property owners, but who would have the expectation of one day buying land with their savings.[1]

Question: Who formed the New Zealand Company?
Answer: Edward Gibbon Wakefield
Local government in Scotland

Local government in Scotland is organised through 32 unitary authorities[1] designated as councils[2] which consist of councillors elected every five years by registered voters in each of the council areas.

Question: How many council areas are there in Scotland?
Answer: 32
Magnetic field

A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence of electrical currents and magnetized materials. In everyday life, the effects of magnetic fields are often seen in permanent magnets, which pull on magnetic materials (such as iron) and attract or repel other magnets. Magnetic fields surround and are created by magnetized material and by moving electric charges (electric currents) such as those used in electromagnets. Magnetic fields exert forces on nearby moving electrical charges and torques on nearby magnets. In addition, a magnetic field that varies with location exerts a force on magnetic materials. Both the strength and direction of a magnetic field varies with location. As such, it is an example of a vector field.

Question: What is a magnetic field?
Answer: vector field that describes the magnetic influence of electrical currents and magnetized materials
Clinical psychology

The field is generally considered to have begun in 1896 with the opening of the first psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania by Lightner Witmer. In the first half of the 20th century, clinical psychology was focused on psychological assessment, with little attention given to treatment. This changed after the 1940s when World War II resulted in the need for a large increase in the number of trained clinicians. Since that time, three main educational models have developed in the USA—the Ph.D. Clinical Science model (heavily focused on research),[4] the Ph.D. science-practitioner model (integrating research and practice), and the Psy.D. practitioner-scholar model (focusing on clinical practice). In the UK and the Republic of Ireland the Clinical Psychology Doctorate falls between the latter two of these models, whilst in much of mainland Europe the training is at masters level and predominantly psychotherapeutic. Clinical psychologists are expert in providing psychotherapy, and generally train within four primary theoretical orientations—psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and systems or family therapy.

Question: When did psychology start being practiced?
Answer: 1896
Harry Ricardo

Harry Ricardo was born at 13 Bedford Square, London, in 1885, the eldest of three children, and only son of Halsey Ricardo, the architect, and his wife Catherine Jane, daughter of Sir Alexander Meadows Rendel, a civil engineer.  Ricardo was descended from a brother of the famous political economist David Ricardo, a Sephardi Jew of Portuguese origin. He was one of the first people in England to see an automobile when his grandfather purchased one in 1898. He was from a relatively wealthy family and educated at Rugby School. In October 1903 he joined Trinity College, Cambridge as a civil engineering student. Ricardo had been using tools and building engines since the age of ten.[2]

Question: Where was Sir Harry Ricardo born?
Answer: 13 Bedford Square, London
Feijoada

Feijoada (Portuguese pronunciation:[fejʒuˈadɐ]) is a stew of beans with beef and pork of Portuguese origin.[1]  It is commonly prepared in Portugal, Macau, Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Goa, India and Brazil, where it is also considered a national dish. However, the recipe differs slightly from one country to another.[2]

Question: What is the national dish of Brazil?
Answer: Feijoada
War studies

War studies, sometimes called polemology, is the multi-disciplinary study of war. The word derives from Ancient Greek πόλεμος (pólemos, "war") + -logy".

Question: What is polemology?
Answer: the multi-disciplinary study of war
Tom Clancy

Thomas Leo Clancy Jr. (April 12, 1947– October 1, 2013) was an American novelist best known for his technically detailed espionage and military-science storylines set during and after the Cold War. Seventeen of his novels were bestsellers, and more than 100 million copies of his books are in print.[1] His name was also used on movie scripts written by ghostwriters, nonfiction books on military subjects, and video games. He was a part-owner of the Baltimore Orioles and vice-chairman of their community activities and public affairs committees.

Question: What is Tom Clancy's real name?
Answer: Thomas Leo Clancy Jr