google-research-datasets/tydiqa huggingface dataset:
Cyrus the Great

Cyrus II of Persia (Old Persian: 𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 Kūruš;[4] New Persian: کوروش Kuruš; Hebrew: כורש, Modern:Kōréš, Tiberian:Kōréš; c.600–530BC),[5] commonly known as Cyrus the Great[6] and also called Cyrus the Elder by the Greeks, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, the first Persian Empire.[7] Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East,[7] expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Western Asia and much of Central Asia. From the Mediterranean Sea and Hellespont in the west to the Indus River in the east, Cyrus the Great created the largest empire the world had yet seen.[8] Under his successors, the empire eventually stretched at its maximum extent from parts of the Balkans (Bulgaria-Paeonia and Thrace-Macedonia) and Eastern Europe proper in the west, to the Indus Valley in the east. His regal titles in full were The Great King, King of Persia, King of Anshan, King of Media, King of Babylon, King of Sumer and Akkad, and King of the Four Corners of the World. The Nabonidus Chronicle notes the change in his title from simply "King of Anshan", a city, to "King of Persia". Assyriologist François Vallat wrote that "When Astyages marched against Cyrus, Cyrus is called ‘King of Anshan’, but when Cyrus crosses the Tigris on his way to Lydia, he is ‘King of Persia’. The coup therefore took place between these two events."[9]

Question: When did Cyrus the Great live?
Answer: –530BC),[5]
The Sue Sylvester Shuffle

"The Sue Sylvester Shuffle" is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American musical television series Glee, and the thirty-third episode overall. It was written by Ian Brennan, directed by Brad Falchuk, and was broadcast immediately following Super Bowl XLV on February 6, 2011. In the episode, an effort to dispel student rivalry forces the McKinley High football team and glee club to unite. When cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch) withdraws her squad from the halftime show of a championship football game, the disparate groups must come together to perform a routine and win the game.

Question: When did the episode The Sue Sylvester Shuffle air?
Answer: February 6, 2011
Chris Colfer

Christopher Paul Colfer[2][3] (born May 27, 1990)[4] is an American actor, singer, and author. He gained international recognition for his portrayal of Kurt Hummel on the television musical Glee (2009–15). Colfer's portrayal of Kurt received critical praise for which he has been the recipient of several awards, including Best Supporting Actor in a Series, Miniseries or Television Film at the 2011 Golden Globe Awards[5] and three consecutive People's Choice Awards for Favorite Comedic TV Actor in 2013,[6] 2014 and 2015.[7] In April 2011, Colfer was named one of the 2011 Time 100, Time's list of the 100 most influential people.

Question: Who played Kurt Hummel in Glee?
Answer: Christopher Paul Colfer
Chromosome 6

Chromosome 6  is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in cells.  It contains the Major Histocompatibility Complex, which contains over 100 genes related to the immune response, and plays a vital role in organ transplantation.

Question: How large is chromosome 6?
Answer: spans more than 170 million base pairs
University of Hong Kong

The University of Hong Kong (HKU) is a public research university in Hong Kong. Founded in 1911, its origins trace back to the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, which was founded in 1887. It is the oldest tertiary institution in Hong Kong.[5]

Question: When was the University of Hong Kong founded?
Answer: 1911
YMCA

In the United States, the YMCA of the USA (Y-USA) is the national resource office for the YMCA's 2,700 local chapters.  It is located in Chicago.  Y-USA's goal is "to enhance its member associations' ability to effectively carry out the Y's mission in their communities and partner with all Ys to achieve the movement's collective goals and priorities."[28]

Question: How many YMCAs are there across the US?
Answer: 2,700
Unit of time

The jiffy is the amount of time light takes to travel one fermi (about the size of a nucleon) in a vacuum. Planck time is the time light takes to travel one Planck length. Theoretically, this is the smallest time measurement that will ever be possible. Smaller time units have no use in physics as we understand it today. The TU (for Time Unit) is a unit of time defined as 1024µs for use in engineering. The Svedberg is a time unit used for sedimentation rates (usually of proteins). It is defined as 10−13 seconds (100 fs). The galactic year, based on the rotation of the galaxy, and usually measured in million years.[2] The geological time scale relates stratigraphy to time. The deep time of Earth’s past is divided into units according to events which took place in each period. For example, the boundary between the Cretaceous period and the Paleogene period is defined by the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. The largest unit is the supereon, composed of eons. Eons are divided into eras, which are in turn divided into periods, epochs and ages. It is not a true mathematical unit, as all ages, epochs, periods, eras or eons don't have the same length; instead, their length is determined by the geological and historical events that define them individually.

Question: What is the smallest unit of time?
Answer: Planck time
History of mobile phones

A cellular telephone switching plan was described by Fluhr and Nussbaum in 1973,[20] and a cellular telephone data signaling system was described in 1977 by Hachenburg et al.[21]

Question: What year were cellphones invented?
Answer: 1973
Thomas the Tank Engine

Thomas's on-screen appearances in the TV series were developed by Britt Allcroft. The first series of 26 stories premiered in October 1984 on the ITV Network in the UK, with former Beatles drummer/vocalist Ringo Starr as storyteller. The stories were featured as segments as part of Shining Time Station in the US beginning in 1989 with Starr as the show's Mr. Conductor character. From 1991 to 1993, George Carlin replaced Starr as both the storyteller and as Mr. Conductor for Shining Time Station. Carlin also told the Thomas stories for Shining Time Station in 1995.

Question: When did Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends first air?
Answer: October 1984
Student Federation of the University of Ottawa

The Student Federation of the University of Ottawa (French: Fédération Étudiante de l'Université d'Ottawa; also known as the SFUO) was the official students' union representing undergraduate students of the University of Ottawa from 1969 to 2018. Since December 24, 2018, it is unrecognized on the University of Ottawa’s campus.

Question: When was the Student Federation of the University of Ottawa formed?
Answer: 1969
Wind speed

The fastest wind speed not related to tornadoes ever recorded was during the passage of Tropical Cyclone Olivia on 10 April 1996: an automatic weather station on Barrow Island, Australia, registered a maximum wind gust of 408km/h (220kn; 253mph; 113m/s).[2] The wind gust was evaluated by the WMO Evaluation Panel who found that the anemometer was mechanically sound and the gust was within statistical probability and ratified the measurement in 2010. The anemometer was mounted 10 m above ground level (and thus 64 m above sea level). During the cyclone, several extreme gusts of greater than 300km/h (160kn; 83m/s) were recorded, with a maximum 5-minute mean speed of 176km/h (95kn; 110mph; 49m/s), the extreme gust factor was in the order of 2.27–2.75 times the mean wind speed. The pattern and scales of the gusts suggest that a mesovortex was embedded in the already strong eyewall of the cyclone.[3]

Question: What is the strongest recorded wind?
Answer: was during the passage of Tropical Cyclone Olivia on 10 April 1996: an automatic weather station on Barrow Island, Australia, registered a maximum wind gust of 408km/h
Rattlesnake

The rattle is composed of a series of hollow, interlocked segments made of keratin, which are created by modifying the scales that cover the tip of the tail. The contraction of special "shaker" muscles in the tail causes these segments to vibrate against one another, making the rattling noise (which is amplified because the segments are hollow) in a behavior known as tail vibration.[1][38][39] The muscles that cause the rattle to shake are some of the fastest known, firing 50 times per second on average, sustained for up to three hours.[40]

Question: What is the rattle of a rattlesnake made of?
Answer: a series of hollow, interlocked segments made of keratin
Critical Language Scholarship Program

Applicants to the program must be U.S. citizens enrolled in a U.S. degree-granting program at the undergraduate or graduate level at the time of application. Undergraduate students must have completed at least one year of general college course-work by the start date of the program. Other requirements are that the applicants should be in acceptable mental and physical health for which persons granted the scholarship are usually required to submit a satisfactory Medical Information Form and Physician’s Statement. The minimum age is 18 by the beginning of the CLS Program in the particular year.

Question: What is the age range of students in CLS?
Answer: 18
Safety pin

American mechanic Walter Hunt is regarded as the inventor of the safety pin that bears resemblance to those used today. The safety pin included a clasp that covered the point and kept it from opening, and a circular twist at the bend to act as a spring and hold it in place.[3]  Charles Rowley (Birmingham, England) independently patented a similar safety pin in October 1849,[4] although the company no longer makes these.

Question: Who invented the safety pin?
Answer: Walter Hunt
Rolex

Rolex SA (/ˈroʊlɛks/) is a Swiss luxury watchmaker. Originally founded as Wilsdorf and Davis by Hans Wilsdorf and Alfred Davis in London in 1905, the company registered Rolex as the brand name of its watches in 1908.[3][4][5] In 1919, the company moved its base of operations to Geneva, Switzerland in order to avoid heavy taxation from a recovering post-war Britain, and "Montres Rolex S.A." was registered as the new company name by Hans Wilsdorf in Geneva in 1920.[4][6][7] Since 1960, the company has been owned by the Hans Wilsdorf Foundation, a private family trust.[5][8][9]

Question: When was Rolex founded?
Answer: 1905
United States Secretary of the Treasury

Acting Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence Adam J. Szubin served as Acting Secretary of the Treasury from January 20, 2017, until the confirmation of Steven Mnuchin which occurred February 13, 2017.

Question: Who is U.S. Treasury Secratary?
Answer: Steven Mnuchin
Para-alpine skiing classification

The first classification systems for para-alpine skiing were developed in Scandinavia in the 1960s, with early systems designed for skiers with amputations. At the time, equipment had yet to be developed to allow participation for skiers with spinal cord injuries.  The goal of the early classification systems was to be functional but ended up being medical classification systems.  At the first Winter Paralympics in 1976, there were two classifications for the sport. By the 1980s, classification existed for skiers with cerebral palsy.  At that time, with inspiration from wheelchair basketball classification, efforts were made to make classification more of a functional system.  Ten classes existed by the 1980s, and since then, efforts have been made to improve the efficiency of classification by reducing the number of classes so fewer medals can be rewarded.

Question: When was the para-alpine skiing classification system developed?
Answer: 1960s
President of Singapore

The President of the Republic of Singapore is the country's head of state. Singapore has a parliamentary system of government. Executive authority is exercised by the Cabinet led by the Prime Minister of Singapore. The current president is Halimah Yacob, who was elected unopposed at the 2017 presidential election.  She is the first female President of Singapore and first Malay head of state in 47 years since the death of Yusof Bin Ishak, Singapore's first president.

Question: Who is the current president of Singapore?
Answer: Halimah Yacob
Siouan languages

Siouan or Siouan–Catawban is a language family of North America that is located primarily in the Great Plains, Ohio and Mississippi valleys and southeastern North America with a few other languages in the east.

Question: What's the Siouan language?
Answer: language family of North America
Portuguese man o' war

The Atlantic Portuguese man o' war lives at the surface of the ocean. The gas-filled bladder, or pneumatophore, remains at the surface, while the remainder is submerged.[6] As the Portuguese man o' war has no means of propulsion, they move according to the winds, currents, and tides. Although they are most commonly found in the open ocean in tropical and subtropical regions, they have been found as far north as the Bay of Fundy, Cape Breton and the Hebrides.[7]

Question: How do man-o-wars move?
Answer: according to the winds, currents, and tides
Mahlon Loomis

Mahlon Loomis (21 July 1826 – 13 October 1886) was an American dentist and inventor. He is best known for promoting the idea that the Earth's upper atmosphere was divided into discrete concentric layers, and these layers could be tapped by metallic conductors on hills and mountain tops, in order to provide long-distance wireless telegraph and telephone communication, as well as draw electricity down to the Earth's surface.

Question: When was Mahlon Loomis born?
Answer: 21 July 1826
Lake Victoria

With a surface area of approximately 59,947 square kilometres (23,146sqmi),[8][9] Lake Victoria is Africa's largest lake by area, the world's largest tropical lake,[10] and the world's second largest fresh water lake by surface area after Lake Superior in North America.[11] In terms of volume, Lake Victoria is the world's ninth largest continental lake, containing about 2,424 cubic kilometres (1.965×109acre⋅ft) of water.[12][9]

Question: What is the largest lake in Africa?
Answer: Lake Victoria
Anterior cingulate cortex

It appears to play a role in a wide variety of autonomic functions, such as regulating blood pressure and heart rate.

Question: What is the primary function of the anterior cingulate cortex?
Answer: regulating blood pressure and heart rate
LGBT culture in Austin, Texas

The Austin Pride Parade and Festival is organized by the Austin Gay and Lesbian Pride Foundation. It is typically held in August.[19]

Question: When is Austin's Pride Parade?
Answer: ypically held in August
Single parent

In the United States, 83% of single parents are mothers.[31][32] Among this percentage of single mothers: 45% of single mothers are currently divorced or separated, 1.7% are widowed, 34% of single mothers never have been married.[33][34] Although decades ago, having a child outside of marriage and/or being a single mother was not prominent. Census information from 1960 tells us that in that year, only nine percent of children lived in single parent families.[35] Today four out of every ten children are born to an unwed mother.[36]

Question: What percentage of U.S. mothers are single moms?
Answer: 83
Neath and Tennant Canal

The Neath and Tennant Canals are two independent but linked canals in South Wales that are usually regarded as a single canal. The Neath Canal was opened from Glynneath to Melincryddan, to the south of Neath, in 1795 and extended to Giant's Grave in 1799, in order to provide better shipping facilities. With several small later extensions it reached its final destination at Briton Ferry. No traffic figures are available, but it was successful, as dividends of 16 per cent were paid on the shares. The canal was 13.5 miles (21.7km) long and included 19 locks.

Question: How long are the Neath and Tennant Canals?
Answer: 13.5 miles
Demographics of California

According to 2015 US Census Bureau estimates, California's population was 72.9% White, 6.5% Black or African American, 14.7% Asian, 1.7% Native Americans, 0.5% Pacific Islander and 3.8% from two or more races. By ethnicity, 38.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 61.4% Non-Hispanic (of any race).  Hispanics are the largest ethnic group in California.[19]

Question: What is the majority race in California?
Answer: White
Digital electronics

Digital electronics or digital (electronic) circuits are electronics that operate on digital signals. In contrast, analog circuits manipulate analog signals whose performance is more subject to manufacturing tolerance, signal attenuation and noise. Digital techniques are helpful because it is a lot easier to get an electronic device to switch into one of a number of known states than to accurately reproduce a continuous range of values.

Question: Is analog or digital more reliable?
Answer: Digital
AnnaLynne McCord

In 2008, McCord was cast in the series 90210 as Naomi Clark.[13][14] Throughout the show, McCord's character vies for social power and love. McCord was nominated for multiple awards for her work in the role, winning the Hollywood Life Young Hollywood Superstar of Tomorrow in 2009, and a nomination for a Teen Choice Award for "Breakthrough Standout Performance" in 2010.[15][16][17]

Question: When did the character AnnaLynne McCord first appear on 90210?
Answer: 2008
The Secret of Monkey Island

The Secret of Monkey Island received positive reviews from critics. According to Gilbert, it "sold well" but was "never a big hit"[52]. Grossman later summarized that the game's sales were "north of 100,000, far south of 1 million".[53] According to Next Generation, The Secret of Monkey Island was a "relatively minor hit" in the United States, but the game and its sequel became "blockbusters on the PC and the Amiga throughout Europe."[54]

Question: How much money did The Secret of Monkey Island make?
Answer: sales were "north of 100,000, far south of 1 million"
Lanthanum

Lanthanum usually occurs together with cerium and the other rare earth elements. Lanthanum was first found by the Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander in 1839 as an impurity in cerium nitrate – hence the name lanthanum, from the Ancient Greek λανθάνειν (lanthanein), meaning "to lie hidden". Although it is classified as a rare earth element, lanthanum is the 28th most abundant element in the Earth's crust, almost three times as abundant as lead. In minerals such as monazite and bastnäsite, lanthanum composes about a quarter of the lanthanide content.[5] It is extracted from those minerals by a process of such complexity that pure lanthanum metal was not isolated until 1923.

Question: Who discovered lanthanum?
Answer: Carl Gustav Mosander
Backgammon

Backgammon is one of the oldest known board games. Its history can be traced back nearly 5,000 years to archeological discoveries in the Middle East, originally in Iran.[1][2] It is a two player game where each player has fifteen pieces (checkers) which move between twenty-four triangles (points) according to the roll of two dice.  The objective of the game is to be first to bear off, i.e. move all fifteen checkers off the board. Backgammon is a member of the tables family, one of the oldest classes of board games.

Question: How many pieces are used in backgammon?
Answer: fifteen
Daniel Rutherford

Daniel Rutherford FRSE FRCPE FLS FSA(Scot) (3 November 1749 – 15 December 1819) was a Scottish physician, chemist and botanist who is most famous for the isolation of nitrogen in 1772.

Question: When was Daniel Rutherford born?
Answer: 3 November 1749
Macedonian language

Macedonian (/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniən/; македонски, tr. makedonski, pronounced[maˈkɛdɔnski ˈjazik](listen)) is a South Slavic language spoken as a first language by around two million people, principally in the Republic of Macedonia and the Macedonian diaspora, with a smaller number of speakers throughout the transnational region of Macedonia. It is the official language of the Republic of Macedonia and a recognized minority language in parts of Albania, Romania, and Serbia.

Question: What language is spoken in Macedonia?
Answer: Macedonian
French invasion of Russia

The French invasion of Russia, known in Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812 (Russian: Отечественная война 1812 года, romanized:Otečestvennaja Vojna 1812 goda) and in France as the Russian Campaign (French: Campagne de Russie), began on 24 June 1812 when Napoleon's Grande Armée crossed the Neman River in an attempt to engage and defeat the Russian army.[14] Napoleon hoped to compel Tsar Alexander I of Russia to cease trading with British merchants through proxies in an effort to pressure the United Kingdom to sue for peace.[15] The official political aim of the campaign was to liberate Poland from the threat of Russia. Napoleon named the campaign the Second Polish War to gain favor with the Poles and provide a political pretext for his actions.[16]

Question: When did Napoleon try to invade Russia?
Answer: 24 June 1812
Parthenon

The Parthenon (/ˈpɑːrθəˌnɒn,-nən/; Ancient Greek: Παρθενών; Greek: Παρθενώνας, Parthenónas) is a former temple[4][5] on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their patron. Construction began in 447BC when the Athenian Empire was at the peak of its power. It was completed in 438BC, although decoration of the building continued until 432BC. It is the most important surviving building of Classical Greece, generally considered the zenith of the Doric order. Its decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art. The Parthenon is regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece, Athenian democracy and Western civilization,[6] and one of the world's greatest cultural monuments. To the Athenians who built it, the Parthenon and other Periclean monuments of the Acropolis were seen fundamentally as a celebration of Hellenic victory over the Persian invaders and as a thanksgiving to the gods for that victory.[7]  As of 2007 the Greek Ministry of Culture was carrying out a programme of selective restoration and reconstruction to ensure the stability of the partially ruined structure.[8]

Question: When did construction begin on the Parthenon?
Answer: 447BC
Harold Wilson

James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG,OBE,PC,FRS,FSS (11 March 1916– 24 May 1995) was a British Labour politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1964 to 1970 and 1974 to 1976.

Question: How long was Wilson Prime Minister?
Answer: from 1964 to 1970 and 1974 to 1976
Coniston massacre

The Coniston massacre, which took place  near the Coniston cattle station in the then Territory of Central Australia (now the Northern Territory) from 14 August to 18 October 1928, was the last known officially sanctioned massacre of Indigenous Australians and one of the last events of the Australian Frontier Wars. People of the Warlpiri, Anmatyerre, and Kaytetye groups were killed. The massacre occurred in revenge for the death of dingo hunter Frederick Brooks, killed by Aboriginal people in August 1928 at a place now known as Yukurru, also known as Brooks Soak.

Question: Who was killed in the Coniston massacre?
Answer: People of the Warlpiri, Anmatyerre, and Kaytetye groups were killed