google-research-datasets/tydiqa huggingface dataset:
Pyu city-states

Beikthano (Burmese: ဗိဿနိုး [beɪʔθənó]) situated in the irrigated Minbu region (near present-day Taungdwingyi) with direct land access to the well-watered Kyaukse plains to its northeast, is the oldest urban site so far discovered and scientifically excavated site. Its remains—the structures, pottery, artefacts, and human skeletons—date from 200 BCE to 100 CE. Named after the Hindu god Vishnu, the city may be the first capital of a culturally and perhaps even politically uniform state in the history of Burma. It was a large fortified settlement, measuring approximately 300 hectares inside the rectangular (3km by 1km) walls. The walls and fortifications along it measured six meters thick, and are radiocarbon dated to a period between 180 BCE and 610 CE. Like most subsequent cities, the main entrance of the walls led to the palace, which faced east. Stupas and monastic buildings have also been excavated within the city walls.[11][19]

Question: What is the oldest city in Myanmar?
Answer: Beikthano
Second Doctor

The Second Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who. He was portrayed by character actor Patrick Troughton.

Question: Who played the second Doctor Who on TV?
Answer: Patrick Troughton
Varieties of Arabic

There are many varieties of Arabic (also called dialects of Arabic or vernacular languages) in existence. Arabic is a Semitic language within the Afroasiatic family that originated on the Arabian Peninsula. It is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form.[1]  The largest divisions occur between the spoken languages of different regions. Some varieties of Arabic in North Africa, for example, are not easily comprehensible to an Arabic speaker from the Levant or the Persian Gulf. Within these broad regions further and considerable geographic distinctions exist, within countries, across country borders, even between cities and villages.

Question: How many dialects of Arabic are there?
Answer: 30 modern varieties
Goliath

Goliath[lower-alpha 1] is described in the biblical Book of Samuel as a Philistine giant defeated by the young David in single combat. The story signified Saul's unfitness to rule, as Saul himself should have fought for the Kingdom of Israel.[1]

Question: In what book of the Bible does the story of David and Goliath happen?
Answer: Book of Samuel
Konstantin Balmont

Konstantin Dmitriyevich Balmont (Russian:Константи́н Дми́триевич Бальмо́нт,IPA:[kənstɐnˈtʲin ˈdmʲitrʲɪjɪvʲɪtɕ bɐlʲˈmont](listen); 15 June[O.S. 3 June]1867 – 23 December 1942) was a Russian symbolist poet and translator. He was one of the major figures of the Silver Age of Russian Poetry.

Question: When was Konstantin Dmitriyevich Balmont born?
Answer: 15 June[O.S. 3 June]1867
Red Delicious

The Red Delicious is a clone of apple cultigen, now comprising more than 50 cultivars, first recognized in Madison County, Iowa, in 1880. According to the US Apple Association website, it is one of the fifteen most popular apple cultivars in the United States.[1]

Question: When was the red delicious apple introduced?
Answer: 1880
Wrestling at the Summer Olympics

Wrestling had been contested at the Summer Olympic Games since the sport was introduced in the ancient Olympic Games in 708 BC.[1]  When the modern Olympic Games resumed in Athens in 1896, wrestling (in the form of Greco-Roman wrestling) became a focus of the Games, with the exception of the 1900 Summer Olympics when wrestling did not appear on the program. Freestyle wrestling and weight classes both made their first appearance in 1904. The women's competition was introduced in 2004.

Question: When was freestyle wrestling introduced as an Olympic sport?
Answer: 1904
Collapse of the World Trade Center

The Twin Towers of New York City's World Trade Center collapsed after being deliberately struck by two commercial passenger jets during the September 11 attacks. A total of four commercial aircraft were hijacked by al-Qaeda terrorists on 9/11 and two of those were crashed into the Twin Towers.[1] American Airlines Flight 11 was crashed into the north side of the North Tower (One World Trade Center) and United Airlines Flight 175 was crashed into the south side of the South Tower (Two World Trade Center).[2] The collapse of the Twin Towers destroyed the rest of the complex, and debris from the collapsing towers severely damaged or destroyed more than a dozen other adjacent and nearby structures. The South Tower collapsed at 9:59am, less than an hour after being hit, followed by the North Tower at 10:28am. Later that day, the nearby Seven World Trade Center collapsed at 5:21pm from fires that had started when the North Tower collapsed.[3] As a result of the attacks to the towers, a total of 2,763 people died including 2,192 civilians, 343 firefighters, and 71 law enforcement officers as well as all the passengers and crew on the airplanes, including 147 civilians and the 10 hijackers.[4]

Question: At what time did the first tower of the World Trade Center fall on September 11?
Answer: 5:21pm
History of spaceflight

On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite of Earth in the history of mankind.

Question: What was the first unmanned spaceflight?
Answer: Sputnik 1
Jeff Dunham

Dunham was born in Dallas, Texas on April 18, 1962.[9][10][11] When he was three months old, he was adopted by real estate appraiser Howard Dunham, and his homemaker wife Joyce, who raised him in a devoutly Presbyterian household[11] in an affluent Dallas neighborhood, as an only child.[12]

Question: When was Jeffrey Dunham born?
Answer: April 18, 1962
Follow Through (project)

Follow Through was the largest and most expensive experimental project in education funded by the U.S. federal government that has ever been conducted. The most extensive evaluation of Follow Through data covers the years 1968–1977; however, the program continued to receive funding from the government until 1995.[1]:7 Follow Through was originally intended to be an extension of the federal Head Start program, which delivered educational, health, and social services to typically disadvantaged preschool children and their families. The function of Follow Through, therefore, was to provide a continuation of these services to students in their early elementary years.

Question: How long did the Follow Through educational program last?
Answer: until 1995
Superheist

Superheist were formed in Frankston, Victoria in 1993.[4] The original line-up was Rod "Berger" McLeod on vocals, DW Norton on guitar, Sean "Seanheist" Pentecost on drums, Fetah Sabawi on keyboards and samples, and Adrian Sudborough on bass. The band was originally to be named Orgheist, which was inspired by the European grind core bands that they were influenced by at the time.

Question: Who is the drummer for the band Superheist?
Answer: Sean "Seanheist" Pentecost
Demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans

The demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans depict a population that is the second-largest ethnic group in the United States,  52 million people or 16.7% of the national population, of them, 47 Million are American citizens.

Question: What percentage of the U.S. population identifies as Hispanic?
Answer: 16.7%
End of communism in Hungary (1989)

The Communist rule in the Hungarian People's Republic came to an end in 1989. The events were part of the Revolutions of 1989, known in Hungarian as the Rendszerváltás (lit., "regime change" or "system change").

Question: When did communism end in Hungary?
Answer: 1989
Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office is a family of client software, server software, and services developed by Microsoft. It was first announced by Bill Gates on August 1, 1988, at COMDEX in Las Vegas. Initially a marketing term for an office suite (bundled set of productivity applications), the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint. Over the years, Office applications have grown substantially closer with shared features such as a common spell checker, OLE data integration and Visual Basic for Applications scripting language. Microsoft also positions Office as a development platform for line-of-business software under the Office Business Applications brand. On July 10, 2012, Softpedia reported that Office is used by over a billion people worldwide.[3]

Question: When was Microsoft Office introduced?
Answer: August 1, 1988
American football

Football games last for a total of 60 minutes in professional and college play and are divided into two-halves of 30 minutes and four-quarters of 15 minutes.[74][75] High school football games are 48 minutes in length with two-halves of 24 minutes and four-quarters of 12 minutes.[76] The two-halves are separated by a halftime period, and the first and third quarters are also followed by a short break.[74][75][77] Prior to the start of the game, the referee and team captains for each team meet at midfield for a coin toss. The visiting team is allowed to call 'heads' or 'tails'; the winner of the toss is allowed to decide between choosing whether to receive or kick off the ball or choosing which goal they want to defend, but they can also defer their choice until the second half. The losing team, unless the winning team decides to defer, is allowed to choose the option the winning team did not select, and receives the option to receive, kick, or select a goal to defend to begin the second half. Most teams choose to receive or defer, because choosing to kick the ball to start the game would allow the other team to choose which goal to defend.[78] Teams switch goals following the first and third quarters.[79] If a down is in progress when a quarter ends, play continues until the down is completed.[80][81][82]

Question: How much time is in each quarter of an American football game?
Answer: 15 minutes
Utah State Senate

The Utah State Senate is the upper house of the Utah State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Utah. The Utah Senate is composed of 29 elected members representing an equal number of senate districts. Each senate district is composed of approximately 95,000 people.[1] Members of the Senate are elected to four-year terms without term limits. The Senate convenes at the Utah State Capitol in Salt Lake City.

Question: How many state senate seats does Utah have?
Answer: 29
Liu Bei

Liu Bei (pronunciation; Mandarin pronunciation:[ljoupei]; 161 – 10 June 223),[1] courtesy name Xuande, was a warlord in the late Eastern Han dynasty who founded the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period and became its first ruler. Despite early failings compared to his rivals and lacking both the material resources and social status they commanded, he gathered support among disheartened Han loyalists who opposed Cao Cao, the warlord who controlled the Han central government and the figurehead Emperor Xian, and led a popular movement to restore the Han dynasty through this support. Liu Bei overcame his many defeats to carve out his own realm, which at its peak spanned present-day Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, and parts of Hubei and Gansu.

Question: When was Liu Bei born?
Answer: 161
NBC Studios (New York City)

NBC Studios are located in the historic 30 Rockefeller Plaza (on Sixth Avenue between 49th and 50th streets) in the borough of Manhattan, New York City. The building houses the NBC television network headquarters, its parent NBCUniversal, and NBC's flagship station WNBC (Channel 4), as well as cable news channel MSNBC.

Question: Where is NBC headquartered?
Answer: 30 Rockefeller Plaza
Organophosphate poisoning

OPs are one of the most common causes of poisoning worldwide.[2] There are nearly 3 million poisonings per year resulting in two hundred thousand deaths.[2][3] Around 15% of people who are poisoned die as a result.[2] Organophosphate poisoning has been reported at least since 1962.[7]

Question: How many people get organophosphate poisoning each year in the US?
Answer: 3 million
Brigham Young

Brigham Young (/ˈbrɪɡəm/; June 1, 1801–August 29, 1877)[3] was an American religious leader, politician, and settler. He was the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. He founded Salt Lake City and he served as the first governor of the Utah Territory. Young also led the foundings of the precursors to the University of Utah and Brigham Young University.

Question: When was president Brigham Young elected?
Answer: 1847
Republic (Plato)

The Republic (Greek: Πολιτεία, Politeia; Latin: Res Publica[1]) is a Socratic dialogue, written by Plato around 380 BC, concerning justice (δικαιοσύνη), the order and character of the just city-state, and the just man.[2]  It is Plato's best-known work, and has proven to be one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically.[3][4]

Question: When was The Republic written by Plato?
Answer: around 380 BC
Panama Canal

France began work on the canal in 1881, but stopped due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project in 1904 and opened the canal on August 15, 1914. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduced the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan.

Question: When did construction on the Panama Canal begin?
Answer: 1881
Common ostrich

Common ostriches usually weigh from 63to 145 kilograms (139–320lb), or as much as two adult humans.[7][9] The Masai ostriches of East Africa (S. c. massaicus) averaged 115kg (254lb) in males and 100kg (220lb) in females, while the nominate subspecies, the North African ostrich (S. c. camelus), was found to average 111kg (245lb) in unsexed adults. Exceptional male ostriches (in the nominate subspecies) can weigh up to 156.8kg (346lb). At sexual maturity (two to four years), male common ostriches can be from 2.1 to 2.8m (6ft 11in to 9ft 2in) in height, while female common ostriches range from 1.7 to 2.0m (5ft 7in to 6ft 7in) tall.[7] New chicks are fawn in colour, with dark brown spots.[10] During the first year of life, chicks grow at about 25cm (9.8in) per month. At one year of age, common ostriches weigh approximately 45 kilograms (99lb). Their lifespan is up to 40–45 years.

Question: How tall are ostriches?
Answer: At sexual maturity (two to four years), male common ostriches can be from 2.1 to 2.8m (6ft 11in to 9ft 2in) in height, while female common ostriches range from 1.7 to 2.0m (5ft 7in to 6ft 7in) tall
Socrates

Socrates was born in Alopeke, and belonged to the tribe Antiochis. His father was Sophroniscus, a sculptor, or stonemason.[56][57][58] His mother was a midwife named Phaenarete.[59] Socrates married Xanthippe, who is especially remembered for having an undesirable temperament.[60] She bore for him three sons,[61] Lamprocles, Sophroniscus and Menexenus.

Question: Where was Socrates born?
Answer: Alopeke
NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, /ˈnæsə/) is an independent agency of the United States Federal Government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.[note 1]

Question: What does NASA stand for?
Answer: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
No. 428 Squadron RCAF

No. 428 Squadron RCAF was the ninth long-range heavy bomber Article XV squadron formed overseas during the Second World War at RAF Dalton in Yorkshire, England on November 7, 1942.[3][5] The squadron was initially assigned to No. 4 Group RAF.[2] With the creation of No. 6 Group RCAF, the squadron was reallocated on January 1, 1943 operating with it until April 25, 1945.[2]

Question: When was the No. 428 Squadron RCAF formed?
Answer: November 7, 1942
Lucasfilm

Under the deal, Disney acquired ownership of Star Wars, Indiana Jones, and Lucasfilm's operating businesses in live-action film production, consumer products, video games, animation, visual effects, and audio post-production.[21] Disney also acquired Lucasfilm's portfolio of entertainment technologies. The intent was for Lucasfilm employees to remain in their current locations.[22] Star Wars merchandising would begin under Disney in the fiscal year 2014.[23] Starting with Star Wars Rebels, certain products will be co-branded with the Disney name,[24][25] akin to what Disney has done with Pixar.[26] On December 4, 2012, the Disney-Lucasfilm merger was approved by the Federal Trade Commission, allowing the acquisition to be finalized without dealing with antitrust problems.[27] On December 18, 2012, Lucasfilm Ltd. converted from a corporation to a limited liability company, changing its name to Lucasfilm Ltd. LLC in the process,[28]. On December 21, 2012, Disney completed the acquisition and Lucasfilm became a wholly owned subsidiary of Disney.[6]

Question: When did Disney buy Star Wars?
Answer: December 21, 2012
River Swilly

The River Swilly rises near Glendore,  a mountain in County Donegal, and flows for around 41.8km (26.0mi) through Letterkenny before flowing into the Atlantic Ocean at Lough Swilly.

Question: How long is the River Swilly in Ireland?
Answer: 26.0mi
History of ancient Egypt

The historical records of ancient Egypt begin with Egypt as a unified state, which occurred sometime around 3150 BC. According to Egyptian tradition, Menes, thought to have unified Upper and Lower Egypt, was the first king. This Egyptian culture, customs, art expression, architecture, and social structure was closely tied to religion, remarkably stable, and changed little over a period of nearly 3000 years.

Question: When did ancient Egypt begin?
Answer: 3150 BC
Iodine in biology

The U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM) updated Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) and Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for iodine in 2000. For people age 14 and up, the iodine RDA is 150 μg/day; the RDA for pregnant women is 220 μg/day and the RDA during lactation is 290 μg/day. For children 1–8 years, the RDA is 90 μg/day; for children 8–13 years, 130 μg/day.[16] As a safety consideration, the IOM sets tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) for vitamins and minerals when evidence is sufficient. The UL for iodine for adults is 1,100μg/day. This UL was assessed by analyzing the effect of supplementation on thyroid-stimulating hormone.[5] Collectively, the EARs, RDAs, AIs and ULs are referred to as Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).[16]

Question: What is the recommended amount of iodine for humans?
Answer: 150 μg/day
Grévy's zebra

The Grévy's zebra is the largest of all wild equines. It is 2.5–2.75m (8.2–9.0ft) from head to tail with a 55–75cm (22–30in) tail, and stands 1.45–1.6m (4.8–5.2ft) high at the withers. These zebras weigh 350–450kg (770–990lb).[11][12] Grévy's zebra differs from the other two zebras in its more primitive characteristics.[13]:147 It is particularly mule-like in appearance; the head is large, long, and narrow with elongated nostril openings;[13]:147 the ears are very large, rounded, and conical and the neck is short but thick.[14] The zebra's muzzle is ash-grey to black in colour with the lips having whiskers. The mane is tall and erect; juveniles have a mane that extends to the length of the back and shortens as they reach adulthood.[14]

Question: How tall are zebra?
Answer: 2.5–2.75m
Admiralty

This is the largest of the Admiralty Buildings. It was begun in the late 19th century and redesigned while the construction was in progress to accommodate the extra offices needed by the naval arms race with the German Empire. It is a red brick building with white stone, detailing in the Queen Anne style with French influences. It has been used by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office from the 1960s to 2016. The Department for Education planned to move into the building in September 2017 following the Foreign and Commonwealth Office's decision to leave the building and consolidate its London staff into one building on King Charles Street. Change of contractor (BAM was replaced by Willmott Dixon) delayed consolidation of Department for Education to the autumn 2018[10] .

Question: Where are the British Admiralty's headquarters?
Answer: London
Leclerc tank

The Leclerc tank (French: char Leclerc) is a main battle tank (MBT) built by GIAT, now Nexter of France. It was named in honour of General Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, who led the French element of the drive towards Paris while in command of the Free French 2nd Armoured Division (2e DB) in World War II. The designation AMX-56– while very popular–  is not used officially.[7]

Question: What is the current French tank?
Answer: The Leclerc tank
Cruise ship

The first vessel built exclusively for luxury cruising, was Prinzessin Victoria Luise of Germany, designed by Albert Ballin, general manager of Hamburg-America Line. The ship was completed in 1900.[9]

Question: What was the first modern cruise ship?
Answer: Prinzessin Victoria Luise
Scorched earth

A scorched-earth policy is a military strategy that aims to destroy anything that might be useful to the enemy while it is advancing through or withdrawing from a location. Any assets that could be used by the enemy may be targeted, for example food sources, water supplies, transportation, communications, industrial resources, and even the locale's people themselves.

Question: What is scorched earth strategy?
Answer: destroy anything that might be useful to the enemy while it is advancing through or withdrawing from a location
Sagarmatha Zone

Sagarmāthā Zone took its name from the Nepalese name for Mount Everest, which is located in the very north of the zone within the Sagarmatha National Park (1,148km²) in the Solu Khumbu district. Sagarmāthā means "the Head in the Great Blue Sky".[3]

Question: What does Sagarmatha mean?
Answer: "the Head in the Great Blue Sky"
List of best-selling video games

This is a list of the best-selling video games of all time. The best-selling video game to date is Tetris, a tile-matching puzzle video game originally released for the Electronika 60 in 1984 and then popularised upon its Game Boy release in 1989. The game has been ported to a wide range of platforms and sold in excess of 170 million copies, including 100 million paid mobile game downloads and 35 million Game Boy version sales.[1] Minecraft and Grand Theft Auto V are the only other games to have sold over 100 million copies. The best-selling game on a single platform is Wii Sports, with nearly 83 million sales for the Wii console.

Question: How well did The Last of Us sale?
Answer: sold in excess of 170 million copies, including 100 million paid mobile game downloads and 35 million Game Boy version sales
Navajo County, Arizona

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 9,960 square miles (25,800km2), of which 9,950 square miles (25,800km2) is land and 9.3 square miles (24km2) (0.09%) is water.[3]

Question: How large is Navajo County, Arizona?
Answer: 9,950 square miles
Daydream Software

Daydream Software is a defunct Swedish video game developer founded in 1994.[1] They released four games[2] (with another in the works)[3]  before closing in 2003.

Question: When was Daydream Software founded?
Answer: 1994