Question: Muziki wa kwanza kurekodiwa ni upi?

Johann Sebastian Bach


Johann Sebastian Bach (21 Machi 1685 hadi 28 Julai 1750) alikuwa mtungaji wa muziki na mpiga piano na kinanda cha filimbi kutoka nchi ya Ujerumani. Alitunga muziki za aina zote, iliyotumika kidini na kidunia. Alitunga muziki kwa kwaya, chombo kimoja cha muziki, na kundi la wanamuziki (okestra). Ingawa hakuunda mifumo mipya ya muziki, alitajirisha mitindo ya muziki kule Ujerumani; tena alitohoa mitindo ya muziki ya Kiitalia na ya Kifaransa.

Marejeo
Utaalamu wa kisasa
Butt J (ed), The Cambridge companion to Bach, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997 (ISBN 0-521-58780-8)
A collection of writings on the historical context (society, beliefs and world view), profiles of his music, and influence and reception.
David HT, Mendel A (eds), revised and expanded by C Wolff, The new Bach reader, 2nd ed, New York, Norton, 1999 (ISBN 0-393-31956-3)
A significant repository of documentary evidence, including contemporary documents, some by Bach himself. This book includes an English translation of the biography of Bach, by the early 19th-century German musicologist Forkel.
Wolff C, Johann Sebastian Bach: the learned musician, New York, Norton, 2001 (ISBN 0-393-32256-4)
A comprehensive and engaging account of Bach's life.
Williams P, The life of Bach, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2004 (ISBN 0-521-53374-0)
A shorter expose of the composer's life, using his obituary as the starting point; a valuable complement to Wolff's biography.
Stauffer G, J. S. Bach as organist: his instruments, music, and performance practices, Indiana University Press, 1999 (ISBN 0-253-21386-X) (paperback reprint of hardcover, 1986, ISBN 0-253-33181-1)
Boyd, Malcolm. Bach, Oxford University Press; 3rd ed. (2000) ISBN 0-19-514222-5
Utaalamu wa zamani
Schweitzer A, J. S. Bach, 2 vol, Dover, 1966, translated by Ernest Newman (ISBN 0-486-21631-4) (reprint of New York, Macmillan, 1955-1958)
Spitta P, Johann Sebastian Bach, his work and influence on the music of Germany, 1685-1750, London, Novello, 1884-85
An early, groundbreaking, three-volume study of Bach's life and music.
Forkel, Johann Nicolaus; On Johann Sebastian Bach's Life, Genius, and Works, (1802), translated by A. C. F. Kollmann (1820)
Masomo mengine
Rasmussen, Michelle (Agosti 2001) , The New Federalist
Hofstadter D, Gödel, Escher, Bach: an eternal golden braid
Explores cognition, formal methods, logic and mathematics—particularly Gödel's incompleteness theorem—in the music of Bach, the art of MC Escher and other sources.
Marejeo ya nje

Marejeo ya jumla
, Bach-Archiv Leipzig
, by Jan Hanford - extensive information on Bach and his works; huge and growing database of user-contributed recordings and reviews
 (from the Internet Archive), by Bernard Greenberg - answers many common questions about Bach
, maintained by David J. Grossman - includes a catalog of works, images, MIDI files, and audio
 - extensive resources on Bach, on occasion of BBC Radio 3's complete airing of Bach's works in Dec 2005
, by Yo Tomita of Queen's Belfast - especially useful to scholars
, by Aryeh Oron - information on the cantatas as well as other works
, by Timothy A. Smith - various information on these contrapuntal works
 - detailed biography with PDF scores of selected cantatas
, provided by Jim McKeeth
Maandishi ya muziki
's ongoing project to sort and make freely avalible all of Bach's works from the Bach Gesellschaft Ausgabe.
 including Fugues, Preludes, and more in PDF.

Kurekodiwa kwa muziki
, Free downloads of the complete organ works of Johann Sebastian Bach, recorded by Dr. James Kibbie on original baroque organs in Germany
 - A biography and various free recordings in MP3 format.
, from the Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library.
 - Toccata and Fugue in D minor and more

 discography at MusicBrainz
Mada maalumu
 - video lectures by Christoph Wolff on the Bach family's hidden manuscripts archive
 - Site discussing the portraits of J.S.Bach.



Makundi ya wanamuziki wanaocheza muziki ya Bach
 Utlizing early instruments and techniques







Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1685
Jamii:Waliofariki 1750
Jamii:Watungaji wa muziki
Jamii:Wapiga kinanda