Question: Who is the leader of Peru?

President of Peru










Peru
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Peru
Constitution
Executive

President of Peru
Martín Vizcarra
Vice President of Peru
Vacant
Prime Minister of Peru
Salvador del Solar


CabinetMinistries
Legislature
Congress of the Republic
President Pedro Olaechea
Judiciary


Supreme Court of the Republic
President Duberlí Rodríguez


Superior Courts of JusticeCourts of First InstanceCourts of Peace
Autonomies
National Board of Justice
Constitutional Tribunal
Public Ministry
Office of the Public Defender
(Ombudsman)
Comptrollership General
Financial superintendence (SBS)
Central Reserve Bank

Elections
Electoral system
Electoral Processes (ONPE)
Jury of Elections (JNE)
National Registry (RENIEC)
Political parties
APRANationalistUPPPPCNational RenewalCambio 90Sí CumplePopular ActionPossible PeruNational Restoration
Administrative divisions
First level
24 departments, 1 constitutional province and 1 special regime province (25 regional governments and 1 Metropolitan Municipality)
Second level
196 provinces (Provincial municipalities)
Thrid level
1874 districts (District municipalities)
Foreign relations
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Minister: Néstor Popolizio

Diplomatic missions of / in Peru

Nationality law
Passport
Visa requirements
Visa policy
 Peruportal 
Other countries
Atlas
vt
The President of Peru (Spanish: Presidente del Perú) officially called the President of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: Presidente de la República del Perú) is the head of state and head of government of Peru and represents the republic in official international matters. Presidents de facto who assumed power through political coups are also included in this list.
The last directly elected President of Peru was Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, from July 28, 2016 to March 21, 2018, when he resigned from office. Following the traditional constitutional succession, First Vice President Martín Vizcarra, former governor of Moquegua, Minister of Transportation, and Ambassador to Canada, succeeded him in office as the 67th President of Peru, on 23 March 2018.
The last coup d'état was performed by Alberto Fujimori in 1992, who is now imprisoned for human rights violations and corruption.
Presidential term and transitions
Ordinarily, presidents are elected for five-year terms, with no opportunity for immediate reelection.  A former president can run again after being out of office for a full term.[1] The change of government takes place on July 28, which is the date of independence from Spain and thus a national holiday.
The current Peruvian Constitution of 1993 establishes in its article 113 that the Presidency of the Republic is vacated by:
Death of the President of the Republic.
His permanent moral or physical disability, declared by Congress.
Acceptance of his resignation by Congress.
Leaving the national territory without permission of the Congress or not returning to it within the established period.
Dismissal, after having been sanctioned for any of the infractions mentioned in Article 117 of the Constitution.
Four presidents of Peru have resigned: Guillermo Billinghurst (forced resignation), Andrés Avelino Cáceres, Alberto Fujimori, and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski.
History
During its more than 190 years of independence, Peru has been ruled by the military leaders who fought for independence, the leaders of the War of the Pacific, representatives of the aristocracy, and democratically elected leaders. Also, the history of the presidency has involved civil wars, coups and violence. More than once, several individuals claimed the right to be president at the same time.
Different titles have been used, such as "Protector of Peru" (used by José de San Martín), and "Supreme Protector" (by Andrés de Santa Cruz).
The following table contains a list of the individuals who have served as President of Peru.
List of Presidents of Peru
Protectorate of Peru (1821–1822)
The Protectorate of Peru existed from August 3, 1821 until September 20, 1822.

Republic of Peru (1821/1822–1836)
The Republic of Peru was declared on July 28, 1821 but it was constituted on September 20, 1822. It existed until August 11, 1836.

Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836–1839)
In 1836, the south of the country declared itself independent by creating the Republic of South Peru, while the north of the country became the Republic of North Peru. The two states confederated with the Republic of Bolivia to form the Peru–Bolivian Confederation on October 28, 1836. Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz served as the Supreme Protector of the Confederation. Simultaneously, the actual control of each Republic remained in the hands of their respective presidents. The Peru-Bolivian Confederation dissolved on August 25, 1839.

Republic of North Peru (1836–1839)
The Republic of North Peru existed from August 11, 1836 until August 25, 1839.

Republic of South Peru (1836–1839)
The Republic of South Peru existed from March 17, 1836 until August 25, 1839.

Republic of Peru (1839–present)
The Republic of Peru was reestablished on August 25, 1839.

Timeline


The Living Presidents of Peru
There are currently (since 2018) six living former presidents of Peru. In order of office they are:

Francisco Morales Bermúdez since 1975
Alan Garcia Perez since 1985
Alberto Fujimori since 1990
Alejandro Toledo since 2001
Ollanta Humala since 2011
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski since 2016

Titles and styles
The President of the Republic of Peru is the Head of the Peruvian State, Head of the Peruvian Government and the Supreme Commander of the Peruvian Armed Forces.
The official style is:
His/Her Excellency [name of the president]
Common usages include:
El Presidente de la Republica / The President of the Republic
Line of succession
Names of incumbents as of 2018.
President of the Republic: Martín Alberto Vizcarra Cornejo
1- Vice President of the Republic: Mercedes Rosalba Aráoz Fernández
2- President of Congress: Daniel Enrique Salaverry Villa
3- First Vice President of Congress: Leyla Felícita Chihuán Ramos
4- Second Vice President of Congress: Segundo Leocadio Tapia Bernal
5- Third Vice President of Congress: Yeni Vilcatoma de la Cruz
See also
Peru
Vice President of Peru
Prime Minister of Peru
Notes