Question: What is the oldest council area in Scotland?

List of oldest buildings in Scotland


This article lists the oldest extant freestanding buildings in Scotland. In order to qualify for the list a structure must:
be a recognisable building (defined as any human-made structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or continuous occupancy);
incorporate features of building work from the claimed date to at least 1.5 metres (4.9ft) in height and/or be a listed building.
This consciously excludes ruins of limited height, roads and statues. Bridges may be included if they otherwise fulfill the above criteria. Dates for many of the oldest structures have been arrived at by radiocarbon dating and should be considered approximate.
The main chronological list includes buildings that date from no later than 1199 AD. Although the oldest building on the list is the Neolithic farmhouse at Knap of Howar, the earliest period is dominated by chambered cairns, numerous examples of which can be found from the 4th millennium BC through to the early Bronze Age.
Estimates of the number of broch sites throughout the country, which date from the Iron Age, range from just over 100 to over 500.[2] However, only a small percentage are sufficiently well preserved for them to be included here and some of those that could be remain undated.
As there are  relatively few structures from the latter half of the first millennium AD and a significant number from the 12th century, the latter group is  placed in a sub-list. There are larger numbers of extant qualifying structures from 1200 onwards and separate lists for 13th-century castles and religious buildings are provided. As the oldest buildings in many of the council areas in the more urbanised Central Belt date from after the 14th century a separate list showing oldest buildings by council area is provided.

There is also a supplementary list of qualifying structures for which no confirmed date of construction is available and a short listing of substantial prehistoric structures that are not buildings as defined above.
Main list

Neolithic and Bronze Age

Iron Age

Early Historic period

12th century


13th century
Castles

Religious buildings


By council area

The following are amongst the oldest buildings in each council area of Scotland.

Other structures
Undated buildings
The following are very old buildings that meet the qualifying criteria but for which no reliable date of construction has emerged.

Other prehistoric constructions
The following are very old human constructions that do not fit the above criteria for a building.

See also
Architecture of Scotland in the Prehistoric era
Timeline of prehistoric Scotland
Oldest buildings in the United Kingdom
List of the oldest buildings in the world
Newgrange, one of Ireland's oldest buildings dating from c. 3100 BC
La Hougue Bie, one of Jersey's oldest buildings dating from c. 3500 BC
Notes

Footnotes


Armit, Ian (1996) The archaeology of Skye and the Western Isles. Edinburgh University Press/Historic Scotland.
Armit, I. (2003) Towers in the North: The Brochs of Scotland. Stroud. Tempus. ISBN0-7524-1932-3
Coventry, Martin (2008) Castles of the Clans. Musselburgh. Goblinshead. ISBN9781899874361
McDonald, R. Andrew (2007) The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard c. 1100 – c. 1336. East Linton. Tuckwell Press. ISBN1-898410-85-2
Miers, Mary (2008) The Western Seaboard: An Illustrated Architectural Guide. Rutland Press. ISBN9781873190296
Omand, Donald (ed.) (2003) The Orkney Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN1-84158-254-9
Wickham-Jones, Caroline (2007) Orkney: A Historical Guide. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN1841585963