Question: What percentage of Quebec's population is Catholic?

Demographics of Quebec



The demographics of Quebec constitutes a complex and sensitive issue, especially as it relates to the National question. Quebec is the only province in Canada to feature a francophone (French-speaking) majority, and where anglophones (English-speakers) constitute an officially recognized minority group. According to the 2011 census, French is spoken by more than 85.5% of the population while this number rises to 88% for children under 15 years old.[1] According to the 2011 census, 95% of Quebec is francophone, with less than 5% of the population not able to speak French.
Quebec is also home to "one of the world's most valuable founder populations", the Quebec Founder Population.[2] Founder populations are very valuable to medical genetic research as they are pockets of low genetic variability which provide a useful research context for discovering gene-disease linkages. The Quebec Founder Population arose through the influx of people into Quebec from France in the 17th century to mid-18th century; though this influx was large, a high proportion of the immigrants either died or returned to France, leaving a founder population of approximately 2,600 people.[2][3]  About seven million Canadians (along with several million French Americans in the United States) are descendants of these original 2,600 colonists.[2]
Population
Population since 1851:

Source: Statistics Canada 
Vital statistics
Age structure:
(2001 census)

Source: Statistics Canada[4]
Quebec's fertility rate is now higher than the Canadian average. At 1.74 children per woman in 2008,[5] it is above the Canada-wide rate of 1.59, and has increased for five consecutive years, reaching its highest level since 1976.[5] However, it is still below the replacement fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman. This contrasts with its fertility rates before 1960, which were among the highest of any industrialized society. For example, between 1951 and 1961, the population grew nearly 30% with minimal immigration, a natural growth rate matched today only by some African countries.
Although Quebec is home to only 23.0% of the population of Canada, the number of international adoptions in Quebec is the highest of all provinces of Canada. In 2001, 42% of international adoptions in Canada were carried out in Quebec.
Population growth rate: 0.7% (2006)
Birth rate: 9.9% (2005)
Synthetic fertility index: 1.61 (2006)
Death rate: 7.4% (2003)
Net migration rate: 4.1% (2003)
Infant mortality rate: 0.46% (2004)
Stillbirth rate: 3.8% -- 3.5% notwithstanding requested abortions (2002)
Life expectancy: In 2002, life expectancy was 76.3 years for males and 81.9 years for females.
Urbanisation: In 2001, 80.4% of Quebecers lived in urban areas.
Literacy: International Adult Literacy Survey 47% Prose, 42% Document, 40% Quantitative (1996) 
Note: This is not the official literacy rate, and should not be used in comparisons with rates calculated using different procedures.
Languages

Mother tongue language

Language spoken at home

Knowledge of official languages

Ethnic origin



Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,435,905) and may total more than 100 percent due to dual responses. 
Only groups with 0.06 percent or more of respondents are shown.[9]
Ethnicity according to the older more general system of classification is shown below:



Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,125,580) and may total more than 100% due to dual responses 
Only groups of more than 0.02% are shown[10]
Visible minorities and Aboriginals
The 2006 census counted a total aboriginal population of 108,425 (1.5%) including 65,085 North American Indians (0.9%), 27,985 Métis (0.4%), and 10,950 Inuit (0.15%). There is a significant undercount, as many of the biggest Indian bands regularly refuse to participate in Canadian censuses for political reasons regarding the question of aboriginal sovereignty. In particular, the largest Mohawk Iroquois reserves (Kahnawake, Akwesasne and Kanesatake) were not counted.{Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,435,905)}[11]

Migration
Immigration
Quebec welcomes about 50,000 immigration per year. The 2016 Canadian census counted a total of 1,091,305 immigrants living in Quebec. The most commonly reported countries of birth for all immigrants living in Quebec were:[13]

Interprovincial migration

Since it started being recorded in 1971, Quebec has had negative interprovincial migration every year, and Quebec has seen the largest net loss of people due to interprovincial migration during this time (without adjusting for population).[14] Between 1981 and 2017, Quebec lost 229,700 people below the age of 45 to interprovincial migration.[15] However, if we adjust for population, Quebec has lost significantly fewer people as a share of their population than other provinces. This is due to the very low migration rate of francophone quebeckers, and anglophone quebeckers are much more likely to leaver Quebec than francophones.[16] However, Quebec receives much fewer in-migrants from other provinces than average.[17]
In Quebec, Allophones are more likely to migrate out of the province than average: between 1996 and 2001, over 19,170 migrated to other provinces; 18,810 of whom migrated to Ontario.[18]



The Religion

Quebec is unique among the provinces in its overwhelmingly Roman Catholic population, though now has a low church attendance. This is a legacy of colonial times when only Roman Catholics were permitted to settle in New France.


Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (7,125,580 in 2001). Only groups of more than 0.01% are shown.
[21]
See also

Demographics of Canada
Demographic history of Quebec
Demolinguistics of Quebec
Demographics of Montreal
Cahiers québécois de démographie academic journal
Immigration to Canada
List of Canadian provinces and territories by population