Question: Who makes The Portland Loo?

Portland Loo


The Portland Loo is a public toilet system built by Madden Fabrication in Portland, Oregon.[1][2]  It has been adopted by multiple other municipalities.  The "flagship toilet" is in Portland's Old Town Chinatown neighborhood.[3]
By mid 2014, there were 7 Portland Loos between The Fields Park and the South Park Blocks. Marketing for the restroom was then transferred from the city to Madden Fabrication.[4] By February 2016, there were 21 restrooms installed in eight U.S. states and British Columbia.[5]
The loo has been praised by commentators in other cities, that haven't adopted it.[6][7]
In mid 2016, the San Diego toilet was called "a magnet for crime and homelessness".[8] Defenders of homeless rights called criticism of the Portland Loo a focus point for "systematic denial of humanity to homeless people".[9]
Intellectual property issues
The loo is reportedly the "brainchild" of Randy Leonard, who copyrighted the stainless steel design in 2008.[4][10]
When Portland commissioned the design of the loos, it retained the intellectual property rights to the design, and would receive a royalty from the manufacturer, for each loo it sold.  Press reports described this arrangement as a source of funds, for the city.[10]
However, in 2014, a citizen group sued the city, asserting the city had spent over $600,000 to promote the loos, without proper authorization.  As a consequence the design was sold to Madden, the manufacturer.[11][4]
Design and placement issues
The Portland Loo incorporates features to enhance public acceptance such as blue lighting said to make it difficult for heroin abusers to find a vein for injection.[3][12][13]
The loos can be solar powered.[14]  They are 6 feet (1.8m) x 10.5 feet (3.2m), so a user can wheel in a bicycle, or baby-stroller.[15]  Only the toilet itself is inside; the water spigot is on the outside, a measure designed to discourage homeless people from using the washroom to wash their clothes.[12]
Albuquerque did not recess its loo within the park where it was placed.[15]  It placed the loo so its door opened directly on to a sidewalk, facing the street, a measure to make it easier for neighbours to notice suspicious activity.
In 2012 individual units cost $60,000 (USD) each.[14]  In 2017 Albuquerque bought a unit at auction for $20,000, which had cost San Diego $100,000.[15]  However KRQE reported many cities had found it cost another $100,000 to bring water to their loos.  The Missoulian reported that it cost $500,000 to install San Diego's two loos.[12]
When a concrete pad on which to place the loo has been prepared, in advance, complete with utility connections, one of the prefab loos can be installed in as little as two hours.[16]
The toilets which require 1.28 US gallons (4.8L) to flush are considered water conserving.[17]
At the back of the loos there is a maintenance closet, that includes a pressure hose with which maintenance workers can clean the loo by pressure spray.[18]
In popular culture
The loos have been featured in the TV show Portlandia, and fans seek them out, for photo-ops, when they visit Portland.[16]
Cities that have purchased one or more Portland loos

See also
Automatic self-clean toilet seat
Unisex public toilet