Question: How large is chromosome 6?

Chromosome 6


Chromosome 6  is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in cells.  It contains the Major Histocompatibility Complex, which contains over 100 genes related to the immune response, and plays a vital role in organ transplantation.
Genes
The human leukocyte antigen lies on chromosome 6, with the exception of the gene for β2-microglobulin (which is located on chromosome 15), and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins among other functions.
Number of genes
In 2003, the entirety of chromosome 6 was manually annotated for proteins, resulting in the identification of 1,557 genes, and 633 pseudogenes.[5]
The following are some of the newer gene count estimates. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[6]

Gene list

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 6. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
p-arm
The following are some of the genes located on p-arm (short arm) of human chromosome 6:

ADTRP: encoding protein Androgen-dependent TFPI-regulating protein
APOM: encoding protein Apolipoprotein M (6p21.33)
C6orf10: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C6orf10 (6p21.32)
C6orf62: chromosome 6 open reading frame 62 (6p22.3)
C6orf89: chromosome 6 open reading frame 89 (6p21.2)
CDKAL1: CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1 like 1 (6p22.3)
COL11A2: collagen, type XI, alpha 2(6p21.3)
CYP21A2: cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 (6p21.33)
DHX16: DEAH-box helicase 16 (6p21.33)
DOM3Z: Decapping exoribonuclease (6p21.33)
DSP: Desmoplakin gene linked to cardiomyopathy (6p24.3)
ELOVL5: ELOVL fatty acid elongase 5 (6p12.1)
FBXO9: F-box protein 9 (6p12.1)
G6B: Protein G6b (6p21.33)
GCNT2: N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase (6p24.3)
GMDS: GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (6p25.3)
HCG4P11: HLA complex group 4 pseudogene 11
HFE: hemochromatosis (6p22.2)
HIST1H2AH: histone cluster 1 H2A family member h (6p22.1)
HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C:  major histocompatibility complex (MHC), class I, A, B, and C loci. (6p21.3)
HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 form HLA-DQ heterodimer MHC class II, DQ:  Celiac1, IDDM (6p21.3)
HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB3, HLA-DRB4, HLA-DRB5 forms HLA-DR, heterodimer MHC class II, DR (6p21.3)
HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 forms HLA-DR, MHC class II, DP (6p21.3)
HLA-Cw*06:02: gene variation related to psoriasis (6p21.3)
LY6G6E encoding protein Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G6E (pseudogene) (6p21.33)
LST1: leukocyte specific transcript 1 (6p21.33)
MIR4640: microRNA 4640 (6p21.33)
MLIP: muscular LMNA interaction protein (6p12.1)
MRPS18B: mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18B (6p21.33)
MUT: methylmalonyl Coenzyme A mutase (6p12.3)
NHLRC1: NHL repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (6p22.3)
NOL7: nucleolar protein 7 (6p23)
NQO2: N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2 (6p25.2)
NRSN1: neurensin 1 (6p22.3)
NUDT3: nudix hydrolase 3 (6p21.31)
PFDN6: prefoldin subunit 6 (6p21.32)
PHACTR1: phosphatase and actin regulator 1 (6p24.1)
PKHD1: polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (autosomal recessive) (6p21.2-p12)
PRICKLE4: prickle planar cell polarity protein 4 (6p21.1)
PRSS16: protease, serine 16 (6p22.1)
PSMB8-AS1: PSMB8 antisense RNA 1 (head to head) (6p21.32)
RIPOR2: RHO family interacting cell polarization regulator 2 (6p22.3)
RPL10A: encoding protein 60S ribosomal protein L10a (6p21.31)
SKIV2L: Ski2 like RNA helicase (6p21.33)
SSR1: signal sequence receptor subunit 1 (6p24.3)
TCF19: transcription factor 19 (6p21.33)
TCP11: t-complex 11 (6p21.31)
TJAP1: tight junction associated protein 1 (6p21.1)
TP53COR1 encoding protein Tumor protein p53 pathway corepressor 1 (non-protein coding)
TMEM151B: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 151B
TNXB: tenascin XB (6p21.3)
TRAM2: translocation associated membrane protein 2 (6p12.2)
UBR2: ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 2 (6p21.2)
UNC5CL: encoding protein Unc-5 homolog C (C. elegans)-like
VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor A (angiogenic growth factor) (6p21.1)
VPS52: GARP complex subunit
ZNF76: zinc finger protein 76 (6p21.31)
ZNF193: zinc finger protein 193 (6p22.1)
ZNRD1: zinc ribbon domain containing 1 (6p22.1)

q-arm
The following are some of the genes located on q-arm (long arm) of human chromosome 6:

AIM1: encoding protein Absent in melanoma 1 protein (6q21)
AIG1: encoding protein Androgen-induced protein 1 (6q24.2)
AKIRIN2: akirin 2 (6q15)
ARG1: arginase 1 (6q23.2)
BCKDHB: branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1, beta polypeptide (maple syrup urine disease) (6q14.1)
BMIQ3: body mass index QTL 3
C6orf35 encoding protein UPF0463 transmembrane protein C6orf35
C6orf58: chromosome 6 open reading frame 58 (6q22.33)
C6orf165: encoding protein DUF3508 (6q15)
CMD1F: cardiomyopathy, dilated 1F
CMD1K: cardiomyopathy, dilated 1K
CNR1: cannabinoid 1 receptor (6q14-q15)[13]
DFNB38: deafness, autosomal recessive 38
DYX4: dyslexia susceptibility 4
ECT2L: encoding protein Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene-like
ESR1: Estrogen receptor 1 (6q25)
EYA4: eyes absent homolog 4 (Drosophila)(6q23.2)
FBXL4: F-box and leucine rich repeat protein 4 (6q16.1-q16.2)
FEB5: febrile convulsions 5
HACE1: HECT domain and Ankyrin repeat containing, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (6q21)
HEBP2: heme binding protein 2 (6q24.1)
IDDM8: insulin dependent diabetes mellitus 8
IDDM15: insulin dependent diabetes mellitus 15
IFNGR:  interferon-γ receptor gene (6q23-q24)
IGF2R: insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (6q25.3)
IMPG1: interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglylcan 1 (6q14.1)
LIN28B: lin-28 homolog B (6q16.3-q21)
MAN1A1: mannosidase alpha class 1A member 1 (6q22.31)
MB21D1: encoding protein Mab-21 domain containing 1
MCDR1: macular dystrophy, retinal, 1
MDN1: midasin AAA ATPase 1 (6q15)
MOXD1: monooxygenase DBH like 1 (6q23.2)
MTO1: mitochondrial tRNA translation optimization 1 (6q13)
MRT18: mental retardation, non-syndromic, autosomal recessive
MRT28: mental retardation, non-syndromic, autosomal recessive
MTRF1L: mitochondrial translational release factor 1 like (6q25.2)
MYO6: myosin VI (6q14.1)
OA3: ocular albinism 3
OPRM1: μ-opioid receptors (6q24-q25)
OTSC7: otosclerosis 7
PLG: plasminogen (6q26)
PBCRA1
PARK2: Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin (6q26)
PCMT1: protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase (6q25.1)
PERP: p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP-22 (6q23.3)
PKIB: cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor beta (6p22.31)
RCD1: retinal cone dystrophy 1
RP63: retinitis pigmentosa 63
SASH1: SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (6q24.3-q25.1)
SCZD5: schizophrenia disorder 5
SEN6: senescence (cellular)-related 6
SENP6: SUMO1/sentrin specific peptidase 6 (6q14.1)
SERAC1: serine active site containing 1 (6q25.3)
SERINC1: serine incorporator 1 (6q22.31)
SF3B5: splicing factor 3b subunit 5 (6q24.2)
SMAP1: small ArfGAP 1 (6q13)
SOBP: sine oculis binding protein homolog (6q21)
SPG25: spastic paraplegia 25
ST8:suppression of tumorigenicity 8
SYNJ2: synaptojanin 2 (6q25.3)
T: T brachyury transcription factor (more commonly known as the T gene) linked to Hepatocellular carcinoma and Chordoma (6q27)[14]
TAAR1: trace amine associated receptor 1 (6q23.1)
TAAR2: trace amine associated receptor 2 (6q24)
TMEM200A: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 200A
TSPYL1: TSPY like 1 (6q22.1)
UNC93A: encoding protein Unc-93 homolog A (C. elegans)
VNN1: vanin 1 (6q23.2)
VNN2: vanin 2 (6q23.2)
VTA1: Vesicle trafficking 1 (6q24.1-2)
ZC2HC1: encoding protein Zinc finger C2HC-type containing 1B
ZDHHC14: encoding protein Zinc finger, DHHC-type containing 14

Diseases and disorders
The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 6:

ankylosing spondylitis, HLA-B
collagenopathy, types II and XI
Coeliac disease HLA-DQA1 & DQB1
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, classical, hypermobility, and Tenascin-X types
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
hemochromatosis
Hemochromatosis type 1
21-hydroxylase deficiency
maple syrup urine disease
methylmalonic acidemia
Autosomal nonsyndromic deafness
otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia
Parkinson disease
polycystic kidney disease
porphyria
porphyria cutanea tarda
Rheumatoid arthritis, HLA-DR
Stickler syndrome, COL11A2
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Diabetes mellitus type 1, HLA-DR, DQA1 & DQB1
X-linked sideroblastic anemia
Epilepsy
Guillain Barre Syndrome
Chordoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma

Cytogenetic band




Notes
Some text in this article was taken from  (public domain)
Further reading





". Parent-driven research for genotype-phenotype studies on chromosome 6 disorders. Retrieved 2017-06-17