Question: How many political parties are in Russia?

Political parties in Russia










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vt
This article discusses political parties in Russia.
The Russian Federation has a multi-party system. As of 2018 six parties have members in the federal parliament, the State Duma, with one dominant party (United Russia).
After the Perestroika reforms in the 1980s Russia had over 100 registered parties, but the people elected to the State Duma represented only a small number of parties. After 2000, during Vladimir Putin's first presidency (2000-2008), the number of parties quickly decreased. From 2008 to 2012 there were only seven parties in Russia, and every new attempt to register new, independent parties was blocked. The last-registered party of this period was the government-organized Right Cause (registered on 18 February 2009). Before the 2011 parliamentary elections, about 10 opposition parties were denied registration. However, after a series of mass protests and a 2011 European Court decision on the case of the Republican Party of Russia, the law changed and the number of registered parties quickly increased to more than 48 as of December2012.
History
Party of power

In Russian politics, a "party of power" is a specially established party which unconditionally supports the current president or prime minister in the parliament.
These parties have been considered parties of power:
Interregional Group of Deputies/Democratic Russia (1990–1993, Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union/Congress of People's Deputies of Russia/Supreme Soviet of Russia)
Choice of Russia (1993–1995) and Party of Russian Unity and Accord headed by Sergey Shakhray
Our Home – Russia (1995–1999)
Ivan Rybkin Bloc (considered as a potential left "party of power", during Russian legislative election, 1995)
Unity (1999–2001/2003)
A Just Russia (2006–2008/2010, the second "party of power", supporting Vladimir Putin and opposing United Russia)
United Russia (2001–present)
Legislation



Social composition of voters

According to studies, United Russia voters in 2007 were younger and more market-oriented than the average voter. The party's electorate includes a substantial share of government employees, pensioners and military personnel, who are dependent on the state for their livelihood.[1] Sixty-four percent of United Russia supporters are female. According to researchers, this could be because women place a great value on stability. In the run-up to the 2011 Duma elections, it was reported that support for United Russia was growing among young people.[2]
Registered parties
All parties registered by the Ministry of Justice have the right to participate in any elections all over the country. The list is placed on the . In December 2012, there were 48 registered parties in Russia; 6 of them are currently represented in the State Duma as of 2017.
Currently represented in the State Duma
United Russia (340)
Communist Party (42)
Liberal Democratic Party (40)
A Just Russia (23)
Rodina (1)
Civic Platform (1)
Currently represented in regional parliaments

Patriots of Russia
Yabloko
Civic Platform
Communists of Russia
Communist Party of Social Justice
Party of Growth
Rodina
Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice
Green Alliance
People's Freedom Party
All currently registered parties

Parties without official registration
Active unregistered parties
Libertarian Party of Russia (Либертарианская партия России, Libertarianskaja partija Rossii) (2008–present)
Democratic Union (Демократический Союз, Demokraticheskiy soyuz) (1988–present)
All-Union Communist Party Bolsheviks (Всесоюзная Коммунистическая партия большевиков, ВКПБ, Vsesoyuznaya Kommunisticheskaya Partiya bol'shevikov, VKPb) (1991–present)
Russian Communist Workers' Party – Revolutionary Party of Communists (Российская Коммунистическая Рабочая Партия – Революционная Партия Коммунистов, Rossiiskaja Kommunističeskaja Rabočaja Partija – Revolyutsionnaja Partija Kommunistov) (2001–present)
Russian People's Democratic Union (Российский народно-демократический союз, Rossiiskyi narodno-demokratichesky soyuz) (2007–present)
Great Russia (Великая Россия, Velikaya Rossiya) (2007–present)
Pirate Party of Russia (2009–present)
The Other Russia (2010–present)
Great Fatherland Party (2013–present)
Alliance of the Revolutionary Socialists (Союз революционных социалистов, СРС, Soyuz Revolutsionnykh Sotsialistov, SRS)
Historical parties (1992–present)
Merged into United Russia:
Our Home – Russia (1995–2001)
Fatherland – All Russia (1998–2002)
Unity (1999–2001)
Merged into A Just Russia:
People's Party of the Russian Federation (2000-2007) (Народная партия Российской Федерации, Narodnaya partiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii)
Russian Party of Life (2002-2006) (Российская партия жизни, Rossiyskaya Partiya Zhizni)
Party of Social Justice (2002-2008) (Партия социальной справедливости, Partiya Sotsial'noy Spravedlivosti)
United Socialist Party of Russia (2003-2008) (Социалистическая единая партия России, Sotsialisticheskaya yedinaya partiya Rossii)
partiya "Zyelyonyye")
Merged into Patriots of Russia:
Party of Peace and Unity (1996-2008) (Российская политическая партия Мира и Единства, Rossiyskaya politicheskaya partiya Mira i Edinstva)
Other
Russian Democratic Reform Movement (1991-1993)
Russian Communist Workers Party (1991-2001)
Party of Russian Unity and Accord (1992-1995)
Civic Union (Russia) (1992-1993)
Future of Russia–New Names (1993)
Dignity and Charity (1993)
Democratic Choice of Russia (1993-2001)
Women of Russia party (1993-1999)
Beer Lovers Party (1993-1998) (Партия любителей пива, Partiâ lûbitelej piva)
Derzhava (Russian party) (1994)
Party of Workers' Self-Government (1995-1996)
Conceptual Party Unity (2000-2007) (Yedineniye)
People's Union  (2001-2008)(Народный Союз, Narodnyi Soyuz)
Green Russia (Зеленая Россия) (2005-2006)
Russian Section of the Committee for a Workers' International (Социалистическое Сопротивление)
Social Democratic Party of Russia (Социал-демократическая партия России, Social-Demokraticheskaya partiya Rossii)
Christian Democratic Party of Russia (Российская Христианско-Демократическая партия)
Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза, KPSS '92)
Conservative Party of Russia (Консервативная партия России)
Eurasia Party (Евразия, Yevraziya)
Green Alternative (Зелёная Альтернатива)
Banned parties in Russia
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
National Bolshevik Party (Национал-большевистская партия,  Natsional-bol'shevitskaya partiya)
Hizb ut-Tahrir (Хизб ут-Тахрир)
Soviet parties 1917-1992
Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1912-1991) (Коммунисти́ческая Па́ртия Сове́тского Сою́за, Kommunističeskaja Partija Sovetskogo Soujuza). Factions:
Anti-Party Group
Group of Democratic Centralism
Left Communists
Left Opposition
Right Opposition
United Opposition
Workers' Opposition
Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union (1991-1992)
Parties of the Russian Empire 1721–1917
Constitutional Democratic Party (1905-1917) (Российская Конституционно-демократическая партия, Rossiyskaya Konstitutsionno-demokraticheskaya partiya)
Union of October 17 (1905-1917)
Party of Democratic Reform (1906-1907)
Socialist-Revolutionary Party (1902-1918) (Партия Социалистов-революционеров, Partija Socialistov-revoljucionerov)
Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Trudoviks
Popular Socialists
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Росси́йская Социа́л-Демократи́ческая Рабо́чая Па́ртия, Rossijskaja Social-demokrastičeskaja Rabočaja Partija). Factions:
Bolsheviks
Mensheviks
Mezhraiontsy
Yedinstvo
Polish Socialist Party
Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania
General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia
Jewish Socialist Workers Party
Union of the Russian People
Other historical parties
For Holy Russia (За Русь Святую, Za Rus’ Svyatuyu)
Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion), a 1906-1928 Zionist socialist political party in Russia
Pamyat (Память, Pamyat')
People's National Party (Народная национальная партия, Narodnaya natsional'naya partiya)
Russian Maoist Party (Российская маоистская партия, Rossiyskaya maoistskaya partiya)
Russian Movement
Russian National Socialist Party (previously Russian National Union) (Русская Национальная Социалистическая Партия, Russkaya Natsional'naya Socialisticheskaya partiya)
Russian National Unity (Русское Национальное Единство, Russkoye Natsional'noye Yedinstvo)
Union of Social Democrats (Союз социал-демократов)
Communists of Russia (Коммунисты России)
Russian Section of the Committee for a Workers' International (Социалистическое Сопротивление)
See also
Politics of Russia
List of ruling political parties by country
Further reading