ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Corporate compliance with international financial reporting standards (IFRS): A case study of selected small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Cape Coast Metropolis

The purpose of the study was to explore the extent to which Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Cape Coast Metropolis comply with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs). The study further looked at firm attributes (size, profitability, audit type, internationality, type of SME, and leverage) that relate and also influence the level of SMEs’ compliance with IFRSs. The descriptive design was adopted for this study. The study sampled 89 SMEs within the metropolis, however, data were collected from 67 medium scale enterprises. A self-constructed compliance index (CINDEX) checklist and an interview guide were the instruments used. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysing the data. The findings of the study revealed that medium scale enterprises in the metropolis average level of compliance of IFRSs is 77.9%. Also, enterprise’s attributes such as types, profitability, and audit type are able to influence 70.6% of the variance in the level of enterprise’s compliance with IFRSs disclosure requirements. The study recommended that the National Board for Small Scale Industries (NBSSI) and the owners/managers of the various SMEs in the metropolis should liaise with Institute of chartered Accountant Ghana (ICAG) to organise regular training programmes, for accountants within the sector, intended to provide practical guide for compliance with the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) standards since the IFRSs receive continuous amendment.

Source: UCC
Corporate culture and commitment of employees at university of Cape Coast

Corporate culture has been linked to increased employee commitment. The study aimed at examining the existing corporate culture and possible gender variations; as well as their preferred corporate culture. Furthermore, the study determined the commitment level of employees as well as possible relationships between corporate culture and how it impacts on employee commitment at University of Cape Coast. The cross-sectional survey design was used. A population of 328 respondents involving senior members and senior staff were randomly sampled for the study. A closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. Data collected were analysed using both descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Person’s product moment correlation and an independent sample t-test). The study found role sub-culture as the dominant corporate culture existing in UCC. However, respondents preferred the achievement sub-culture to be the dominant culture at UCC. In general, staff reported being committed to the work of the University. However, senior members reported stronger commitment than the senior staff. The study recommended for the attention of the Management of UCC to introduce the achievement sub-culture into the way the institution behaves. In addition, pay particular attention to the needs of senior staff to ensure parity in the commitment exhibited by senior members and senior staff.

Source: UCC
Corporate Culture and Employee Performance in the Ketu South Municipal Health Directorate

The study evaluated the effect of corporate culture on employee performance of Ketu South Municipal Health Directorate in the Volta region. Precisely, the study assessed the level of corporate culture and employee performance at the Ketu South Municipal Health Directorate in the Volta of Ghana; assessed the effect of organisational vision, mission, values objectives and goals on employee performance at the Ketu South Municipal Health Directorate in the Volta of Ghana; and examined level of organisational commitment, involvement, consistency and adaptability, and how they affect employee performance at the Ketu South Municipal Health Directorate in the Volta of Ghana. The study was guided by explanatory research design. Data was collected from 132 staff of the Ketu South Municipal Health Directorate was analysed by employing partial least square estimation. The main finding of the study was that staff are more likely to be motivated to perform their functions if they understand where they are going, how they intend to get there and how each individual can contribute to the Directorate's performance. Also, the study revealed that staff are motivated to perform their functions effectively once they understand their organisational vision, values, objectives, goals, commitment, involvement, consistency and adaptability. The study findings will help policy makers to formulate policies on corporate culture that will enable hospitals to improve upon their performances. The study recommends that District/Municipal Directors of Health Services should formulate and implement policies related to their corporate mission, values, objectives, goals, commitment, employee involvement, consistency adaptability which will be dedicated on improving employees’ job performance.

Source: UCC
Corporate disclosure and foreign share ownership: empirical evidence from African countries

Purpose – The study aims to seeks to ascertain the impact of corporate disclosure on foreign equity ownership. Corporate disclosures are important to for stock markets because it is an activity that mitigates information differences between company insiders and outsiders. Design/methodology/approach – Corporate disclosures assume an even greater important when company outsiders are not domiciled in the same country as the company and the company insiders. In this study, the relation between foreign share ownership and corporate disclosures using data on Ghana, Kenya and Nigeria is examined. Findings – The consistent results in this study are that foreign share ownership is positively related to firm size. A negative relation, however, between foreign share ownership and corporate disclosure is found, but this turns out to be related to disclosures about ownership, while disclosures on financial reporting and board management have a positive and insignificant statistical relation taking into account unobserved country, time and firm effects. Further analysis shows that corporate disclosures are very persistent and negatively related to lag foreign share ownership. No consistent statistical relation is found between disclosure and market-to-book values as a proxy for investment opportunities. It is recommended to African-listed firms to pursue adoption of high-quality financial reporting standards and to increase their reporting on board management. The study also recommends that the African Government weighs the benefits of detailed ownership disclosures. Originality/value – The study utilises frontier market data to complement existing literature on how corporate disclosure and transparency influences foreign investors decision to invest in Africa.

Source: UCC
Corporate Failure Prediction on Firm Performance of Listed Banks on the Ghana Stock Exchange

ABSTRACT The study discussed the concept of corporate failures in the context of firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. The commercial banks listed on the stock exchange were sampled using the purposive sampling approach. Secondary data in the banks' annual reports were gathered for the analyses. The data used for the study span was from 2010 to 2019. The study's goal was to evaluate the banks' performance and their level of distress. The Bankometer was used to assess the distress level, while Return on Assets was used to assess the performance. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the data to describe the variables used in the study. Correlation analysis was used to determine the link between the variables. The study revealed that the banks' return on assets ranged from as low as -4 percent to 9 percent, with an average of 4 percent. The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between capital adequacy and returns on assets. The banks are financially sound as they recorded a minimum S-score of 98 percent. However, non performing loans and the cost to income ratio remained high and, in most cases, were above the required maximum as recommended by IMF (2000), as high as 49 percent for non-performing loans and 138 percent for the cost to income ratio. Despite the sound performance of the banks, a conscious effort should be made by the management of these banks to control the high rate of non-performing loans and reduce the high operational costs

Source: UCC
Corporate governance and agency cost of listed firms in Ghana

Corporate governance has been emphasized in empirical literature and is now gaining roots in response to initiatives by some stakeholders such as the Ghana Institute of Directors. Therefore, this study sought to examine the effect of corporate governance on agency cost of listed companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange Market. A review of empirical literature shows that there exists a negative relationship between corporate governance and agency cost. The study was based on the positivism research philosophy and the quantitative research approach. The study employed the Hausman test and used the random effect models as the tool to analyse the data obtained. By employing 23 non- financial firms out of 41 firms listed on the GSE, the study found an inverse relationship between three corporate governance mechanisms (i.e., Board Size, Board Independence and Ownership Concentration) and agency cost. The study recommends that, to enhance the level of stakeholder confidence in the company and its management, the board size could be a mechanism to minimize agency cost. Also, board independence must be strengthened in order to reduce agency cost. Finally, large block shareholders should take the center stage in ensuring that agency cost is minimized.

Source: UCC
Corporate governance and bank Performance: The moderating role of contemporary financial reporting practices

This research examined how corporate governance impacts the performance of listed banks in Ghana and explored the moderating influence of modern financial reporting practices. The study utilized the annual reports spanning from 2011 to 2020 of eight banks listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Employing an explanatory research design, the study explored the financial performance metrics (ROA, ROE, and EPS) of the listed Ghanaian banks. It aimed to analyze the relationships and impact of corporate governance factors (specifically board size, board composition, and board independence) and assessed the moderating effect of contemporary financial reporting practices. Findings from the study showed that board size (number of directors) had an insignificant relationship with ROA, ROE, and EPS. Again, the composition of the board (executive vs. non-executive directors) showed no significant relationship with ROA, ROE, or EPS. Moreover, board independence had a significant negative relationship with ROA and ROE, but no significant relationship with EPS. Also, there was a negative connection between contemporary financial reporting (accounting quality) and bank performance (ROA, ROE, and EPS, whereas the moderating factor of contemporary financial reporting did not significantly influence the relationship between corporate governance and bank performance. Based on the findings, the study recommends that banks in Ghana should focus on other aspects of corporate governance and management to enhance performance.

Source: UCC
Corporate governance and employee performance: A study of St. Dominic Hospital, Akwatia

This study examines the effect of elements of corporate governance on employee performance at St. Dominic Hospital, Akwatia. The literature reviewed discusses five variables of employee performance, organisational culture, organisational leadership, organisational structure, and internal systems and control. Data was collected, using a questionnaire, from a sample of 14 management members, 86 senior staff and 66 junior staff. Data obtained from each respondent was then entered into excel and statistically analysed using stata 11. Through simple correlation analyses, it was concluded that there is a moderate significant relationship between employees’ performance and the elements of corporate governance studied. The study also found that there is a moderate significant relationship between employees’ performance and leadership style. Moreover, it was found that there is a significant relationship between employees’ performance and internal systems and control and organisational culture. However, there was no significant relationship between employees’ performance and organisational structure. It was again found that corporate governance practices have direct influence on the performance of employees.This study therefore, provides a new dimension to corporate governance practices and employees’ performance, foundation for new policy direction in organizations. This implies that Boards and owners of organizations have to intensify their interest in the organizational culture, structure, leadership styles, and control systems exhibited in their institutions to ensure improved employee performance for overall corporate growth.

Source: UCC
Corporate Governance and Financial Accountability Of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana

ABSTRACT There are one hundred and forty-four Rural and community banks serving in all the districts in Ghana with a large and diverse stakeholder community. With the challenges that were brought about by the financial sector crisis followed by the myriad of reforms in the financial sector, it has become relevant to assess the readiness of all financial institutions for any further stir in the system. This study focuses its attention on the rural and community banking industry in Ghana. The study seeks to examine the corporate governance factors that determine the financial accountability of rural and community banks using regression analysis. Financial accountability was measured using quality index, transparency and disclosure score and compliance index. Corporate governance on the other hand took into consideration three dimensions namely board characteristics, external audit quality and Audit committees. These three dimensions have been recognised in prior literature as the most used determinants of corporate governance. The findings reveal that board independence, board structure, external audit fees, audit committee existence and audit committee expertise have a significant effect on financial accountability. The study therefore recommends that the rural and community banks should strive for independence of their boards, structure the leadership of the board in ways that allow for innovation and continuity, establish audit committees among others. This will be the way to go if rural and community banks should avert any crisis in the future and ensure continues survival.

Source: UCC
Corporate Governance And Financial Distress Of Listed Non-Financial Institutions In Ghana

The study examined the impact of corporate governance on the financial distress of non-financial companies listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Studies have shown that the relationship between corporate governance and firm distress is not a new phenomenon, only that the findings have been inconclusive and the inclusion and measurement of variables have also differed. The intuition of this study was to take the most assumed measure of the variables and compare the financial distresses of the non-listed firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Data for the study was from the Ghana Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2016 and the motivation is based on data availability. The study employed the Random Effect model within the Generalise Least Squares framework. The study revealed that CEO duality was significant and positively associated with financial distress. That is, the more CEOs perform a dual role, the tendency for the firm to be financially distressed. Non-executive directorship was also positive and significant in affecting financial distress of a firm. Ownership (OWNS) was also found to have an adverse effect on distress of a firm and that as firms have more public ownership, the more the firm is likely to fail financially. Finally, firm size and firm distresses are also adversely related. The recommendation is that firms must try to include other non-executive members on their boards in a bid to increase neutrality to the board and also a way of stemming financial distress. Finally, since CEO duality increases the chances of financial distress, firms must do everything practicable to disassociate the role of CEOs from board chairs in order to avoid rift in decision implementations.

Source: UCC
Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Credit Unions in the Central Region of Ghana

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of Corporate Governance (CG) standards on the financial performance of Credit Unions in Ghana's Central Region. The research analysed the financial accounts of sixteen credit unions in Ghana's Central region from 2014 to 2018. Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) were used as proxies for financial success. The research accomplished its goals via the use of static panels, namely the random effect model. The research discovered that expanding the size of the board of directors had a substantial positive impact on ROA but a negative effect on ROE. Finally, the research discovered a substantial impact between credit risk and audit compliance. The study therefore recommended that management of credit unions should encourage larger board size due to the increased expertise it offers to the union. It is also recommended that the union should endeavour to comply with audit recommendations as this adherence will help strengthen existing internal controls of the credit unions which will eventually result in higher performance.

Source: UCC
Corporate governance and firm performance of listed financial institutions on the Ghana stock exchange.

The study investigated the influence of corporate governance on firm performance using listed financial institutions on the Ghana Stock Exchange. The study also investigated the influence of board composition on firm performance. Ex-post factor research design was adopted for the study and purposive sampling was used in selecting sample for the study which comprises all financial institutions listed on Ghana Stock Exchange. The study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between managerial/insider ownership and firm performance. It was also discovered that there is statistically significant positive relationship between board size and firm performance. In relation to board composition (independence) and firm performance, the result was not statistically significant and negative. Finally, it was discovered that audit committee both in size and independence are important ingredient to fostering accountability and transparency which are the lubricants and catalyzing agents for firm’s performance. It was recommended that listed corporations should diversify shareholding as a way of attracting diverse skills and competencies among shareholders and more importantly, entrenchment and incentive of managers should be balanced so as not to allow them pursue self-interest to the detriment of the corporation.

Source: UCC
Corporate governance and organisational performance: Assessing the effectiveness of public limited liability companies' governance practices in Ghana

Corporate governance has several dimensions. This dimension determined the corporate governance performance of listed companies in Ghana and found out whether the companies that adhere to good corporate governance practices create value as reflected in the companies’ return on equity. Research questionnaires were administered to directors of sampled listed companies. Data was collected from the annual reports of the sampled companies and the Annual Facts Book of the Ghana Stock Exchange to find out their structure and financial performance. The study employed statistical tools and packages to analyse the data collected. The study revealed that Ghanaian companies performed averagely in terms of corporate governance practices. The study found out that with the exception of the strategic planning role, the other main behavioural issues of board structure; ethics, transparency and accountability; board meetings; reward systems; control and risk management; and board training and awareness correlate insignificantly with corporate financial performance. It was concluded that companies that adhere to generally accepted corporate governance behaviours enhanced in value. As such, the framework for corporate governance practice should align environmental changes.

Source: UCC
Corporate Governance and Performance of Commercial Banks in Ghana

ABSTRACT The study examined the effect of corporate governance structures such as board size, board composition, dual chairmanship, and audit committee on the financial performance of commercial banks in Ghana. Compliance with corporate governance codes and guidelines, as well as trends in practice, were also examined. For four years, from 2016 to 2019, the study collected secondary data from annual reports and financial statements of a sample of nine commercial banks. The data were entered into excel and exported to STATA, where they were analyzed using random effect models and descriptive statistics such as mean, percentages, and frequency. The findings indicate that bank compliance with corporate governance rules continues to improve, with average compliance increasing from 64.4 percent in 2017 to 75.7 percent in 2019. Board size, composition, and chairman duality all have a negative but statistically insignificant relationship with ROE, ROA, and DY, according to the random effect regression model. In all three models, the audit Committee has a positive and statistically significant relationship with performance. The study recommends that the Bank of Ghana and the Ghana Securities and Exchange Commission maintain their current corporate governance enforcement to ensure compliance at 100%. Banks should ensure that their audit committees are independent and equipped with the necessary logistics and personnel to function effectively

Source: UCC
Corporate governance and performance of medium-sized enterprises within the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis

Over the past few decades, corporate governance has been a subject of mounting debate and has received considerable attention in the public domain of both developed and developing countries. Corporate governance is primarily due to the various past financial scandals, as well as, the major surprising collapse of corporate bodies across the globe. The study, therefore, assessed the relationship between corporate governance and the performance of Medium Enterprises in the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, using primary data from medium sized enterprises in Sekondi-Takoradi within the Western Region of Ghana. The study used the quantitative approach and administered 260 questionnaires. Results from the quantitative part were presented in tables, graphs and chart. The results revealed that, among the determinants: attraction of investment capital, sufficient and reliable information and disclosure of information to stakeholders were the key determinants of corporate governance of medium-sized enterprises. Moreover, board size and CEO duality had positive and moderate significant effect on firm performance while ownership structure had a weak effect on the performances of the medium-sized enterprises within the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis. It is therefore, management of medium-sized enterprises should include corporate governance in their overall strategic plans. There is an urgent need to train and educate owner/managers of medium-sized enterprises about the importance of conforming to corporate governance traditions and principles which includes board size

Source: UCC