ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Dental Teaching Hospital – Korle Bu

The need for a clinical dental teaching faculty in the country been reiterated time and time again, but at no time as ever has the need for each facility been s preening as it is now, when the shortage of qualified dental personnel is seriously affecting the health delivery system of the country. It is the realisation of this need that as a contribution to the national development it has been chosen to compile, analyse and synthesise requisite background information and present a design of such a facility with proposals for implementation as a design thesis for the post-graduate diploma in architecture. The procedure use for the thesis was first to present a general background of dental education and the oral heath situation in the country. Feasibility studies were then undertaken to establish the viability of the project in the light of current economic, social and health conditions in Ghana. Certain disciplines were then selected as critical areas for training programme. Comparative studies were then made on exemplary schools of dentistry. After this the organizational structure and required scope of the dental training facility and it utilization were established. Technical details of surgeries x-ray and laboratories were also critically assessed. All the above studies culminated in a final comprehensive design brief of supplement the initial client’s brief.

Source: KNUST
Des repprochements entre stendhal (le rouge et le noir) et les romanceirs quest-Afrcains a l’image d’ahmadou kourouma (les soleil des independances et d’alioum fantoure (le cercle des tropiques)

Premièrement, nous adressons notre profonde gratitude a notre directeur de mémoire, Dr. Lawrence TUFUOR qui, malgré ses préoccupations nombreuses a bien voulu accepter de diriger notre mémoire. Nous le remercions aussi pour ses critiques, ses suggestions et sa cordialité, sans lesquelles ce présent travail n’aurait pas été mené á terme. Déuxiêmement, nous remercions le Doyen de la Faculté des Sciences Sociales et également Responsable du Départe-ment des Langues, Albert OWUSU-SARPONG, professeur titulaire, pour la formation universitaire qu’il nous a donnée depuis 1982, son soutien moral et materiel dont il a fallu que nous jouissions au cours de la redaction de notre mémoire. Troisièmement, c’est a nos professeurs DR. A.A. SACKEY, DR. (MRS) Christiane OWUSU—SARPONG et MRS. F. DADSON que, nous adressons nos remerciements pour cette solide formation intellectuelle qu’ils ont contribuée a nous donner dans le cadre du programme de maitrise en literature comparée Enfin nos remerciements vont á notre arnie Mlle Hamdiya ABUBAKAR, pour l’assistance matérielle qu’elle nous a donnée et á tous ceux qui nous ont aidé dans la réalisation de cette étude.

Source: KNUST
Description of the primary causes of stillbirth as pertains in the Offinso South Municipality of the Ashanti Region

One of the major goals of the Ministry of Health, Ghana, is to reduce to the barest minimum, maternal and infant mortality and in achieving this, more effort and research need to be conducted into the primary causes of maternal mortality and infant mortality. This study was undertaken between July and October, 2008, to describe the primary causes of stillbirth and the level of health education in the Offinso South Municipality of the Ashanti Region. A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out to determine the factors have contributed to the problem of stillbirth and the level of health education in the municipality. Primary data were collected using in-depth interviews, open-ended questionnaire administration and focus group discussions. Since certain category of women were targeted for data collection, convenience sampling methods were used to select the respondents, health personnel and the participants for the focus group discussions. A total of two hundred (200) female adults and twenty four (24) health personnel were interviewed. The outcome of the study indicates that the nutritional status of the pregnant women in the municipality which was assessed using the dietary method of nutritional assessment by recall methods was quite encouraging; since most of them were eating to some extent a well balanced diet. The antenatal care attendance was ok since according to W.H.O, (2002) the minimum number of attendance should be six and above, depending on the condition of the pregnant woman; The results of the analysis showed that majority of the respondents representing 99 (49.50%) claimed they attended antenatal clinic four times throughout the period of pregnancy which could be described as okay for safe delivery and survival of both the child and the mother. Furthermore, the study established that a far larger percentage of 94% of respondents used local herbs to either prepare food or enema few weeks to delivery with the belief that it would help ensure safe and smooth delivery (which is very risky, looking at the effect some of these herbs could have on the fetus).

Source: KNUST
Deposit products assessment: a case study of First Allied Savings and Loans Limited (2005-2008)

This study was intended to assess the extent to which Savings and Loans companies (S&Ls) can mobilize deposits in Kumasi Metropolis. The study focused on First Allied Savings & Loans limited (FASL). The paper sought to examine the trend of deposit products of First Allied Savings and Loans Limited from March 2005 to March 2008 fiscal years. The researcher employed both financial and non-financial analysis to estimate trend of deposit products from 2005 to 2008. Empirical results from estimating on 2005 to ^008 data from the institution's financial statement indicates that total deposits has been increased from 07,483,710 billion to 057,733,862 billion respectively. Also the analysis in the study period indicates that Savings deposit Account recorded the highest contribution of approximately GH028,391,732 representing 49.18% of the total deposits. The study revealed that FASL and for that matter S&Ls, have to a greater extent enhanced their deposits mobilization and encouraged savings among low income earners in the Kumasi Metropolis. Simple random and systematic sample were used to select 200 customers to find out whether customers are satisfied with the products and services offered by FASL or not. The study showed that FASL products met the needs of their customers, though there was still room for improvement. The level of customer satisfaction was very high as more than 78% of customers interviewed showed their desire to continue their banking operations with the institution. The appreciable growth in deposit products according the study indicates that FASL has positioned itself tall among other savings and loans companies and customer are also satisfied with the products and services the institution renders.

Source: KNUST
A descriptive risk model for risk factors of stroke using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator

We selected most informative risk factors of stroke as well as established the association with stroke and derived a risk score of stroke using statistically acceptable modi cations. Secondary data on the aging population of Ghana was used with a sample size of 5119. The LASSO Logistic Regression was implemented through \R"statistical software for windows version.3.1.1 using the penalised package. A key risk factor identi ed was hypertension. A person who exercises regularly had a low risk of developing stroke as compared to one who did not exercise. Data about stroke discovered angina and arthritis as emerging risk factors of stroke in addition to hypertension, physical activities, age and diabetes. We hypothesise that hypertension, diabetes and lack of physical activities re ect the trend of stroke cases in Ghana. There must be public consciousness about the signi cance of managing hypertension in Ghana.

Source: KNUST
Descriptive epidemiology of neoplastic breast lesions and molecular characteristics of breast cancer in Ghana

Breast cancer is emerging as a major health problem in Ghana. It is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Ghana. Its nationwide prevalence in Ghana was unknown at the time of this study (2004 -2008). Surgical oncologists reported a low response rate to anti-oestrogen therapy and survival for breast cancer in Ghana. Objective Investigating the descriptive epidemiology of neoplastic breast lesions and profiling clinically important biomolecules of breast cancer in Ghana, forms the core objective of this research work. Method Over 44,482 females were screened manually for neoplastic breast lesions and educated on breast cancer with a view to enhance early detection. Hence, no rigid selection criteria for subjects were employed during the study period; 2004 to 2008. A new device called the Breastlight; was evaluated as a novel adjunct to early detection of tumour related angiogenesis from 2007 – 2008. Archival Breast cancer specimen (N=33) were analysed for clinically important bio-molecules. These were obtained at random from breast cancer patients seen at leading hospitals. Oestrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), HER-2 and Ki67 levels in Paraffin embedded breast cancer specimen were assayed using the Immunohistochemical (IHC) method. Existing data on ER/PR (N=228) from leading hospitals was reviewed.

Source: KNUST
Design and construction of a device for studying micro concrete roof tiles production in Secondary Schools

This research project is seen in two main perspectives. It first seeks to propose M. C. R. T production as a very good vacation to be introduced in senior secondary schools as an aspect of ceramics, under the Visual Art progamme. By so doing it tries to show the state of the teaching and learning of brick/tile in schools and the advantage of M. C. R. T has to them. It also set itself to the main task which is the designing and construction of the devise that can help the study of M. C. R. T production in the schools. The project is organized under five chapters as seen from the table of content. The first chapter which serves as the introduction deals with the problem and its setting. The second chapter also contains a review of literature related to the topic. Chapter three takes a general look at the development of the tiles production in Ghana. It briefly discusses clay tiles and then lays more emphasis on M. C. R. T. The main task or procedures for the project is contained in the fourth chapter. This deals with the design and construction of the device. In fact, this is the final stage where the writer/designer determined the effectiveness and the extent to which the product fulfils the goals he has set out to achieve. Finally, the summary, conclusion and recommendations are found in the last chapter. The research methods applied are the historical, experimental, descriptive and analytical methods.

Source: KNUST
Design and construction of a vertical axis windmill

Ghana is an agricultural country where majority of the people live in villages and have agriculture as their means of livelihood. Since rainfall pattern is unreliable, erratic in nature and the amount is also sometimes insufficient for the cultivation of crops, irrigation will help in the general development of the country's agriculture. This will in turn improve the standard of living of the people. Wind mill will principally be of interest as an option for pumping water in relatively remote and deprived areas. This research work highlights on the design and construction of a................................

Source: KNUST
Design and construction of a multi-purpose machine for leatherwork

Leather is versatile, pliable and elastic medium that readily lends itself to manipulation resulting in the production of functional and aesthetically beautiful leather artefacts. However, in spite of the availability of leather in the country, the end products of this material had been crippled with poor finishing. The principal attribute to this is lack of tools and equipment in the schools where students acquire the skills of leather production. Since its inception into the Education Reforms in 1987, no effort had been made by the authorities to equip these schools with the necessary tools and equipment for quality leather goods production. This research was undertaken purposely to identify and critically examine exiting basic leather tools and equipment; design and construct a multi-purpose machine for leatherwork that is capable of stamping, embossing, fixing of fittings and making of slits for thronging; evaluate the performance, efficiency and effectiveness of the multi-purpose machine; and produce an illustrated report on the project. The research methods employed in this project were basically cross-sectional survey, descriptive as well as historical. The main finding of the project is that it is possible to produce a single machine that performs the task of stamping, embossing, fixing of fittings and making of slits for thronging. It is recommended that the Department of Art Education, KNUST, should in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and the National Board for Small-Scale Industries, replicate the machine and supply to schools and Teacher Training Colleges where leatherwork is offered. Again, future research into this study should be geared at the improvement of the performance of the machine.

Source: KNUST
Design and construction of a portable gas kiln for Senior Secondary Schools in Ghana

Ceramics is one of the elective courses offered within the Senior Secondary School Visual Art Programme. One basic problem facing the teaching and learning of ceramics is the lack of kilns for firing clay wares. For this reason, Senior Secondary Schools which have no kilns are compelled to depend on private and educational ceramics studios like that of the Ceramics Section of College of Art, KNUST, and the Pottery and Ceramics Section of the Centre for National Culture, Kumasi, for the firing of green wares produced by both teachers and students of ceramics. Unfortunately, kilns available in these institutions are not always accessible when their use is required by the schools. It is therefore necessary that Senior Secondary Schools offering ceramics acquire kilns to satisfy the needs of their staff and students. This project report therefore focuses on the design and construction of a prototype gas kiln for use in Ghanaian Senior Secondary Schools. The sample portable gas kiln described in this report is very easy to manage and control. Refractory bricks were used in constructing the kiln while the metal parts were fabricated with locally made machines in private welding shops where the researcher sought professional help. The sample gas kiln, which has a capacity of 6.5 cubic metres, was subjected to test firing of various shapes and sizes of green earthenware at a temperature of 923°C cone 09. The results obtained from the test firing compares favourably with wares fired in an electric kiln, indicating its cost effectiveness for school purpose.

Source: KNUST
Design and construction of model packages for selected Ghanaian ceramic wares

The project deals with the lack of packaging for local ceramic industry as well as for export. Ghanaian ceramic wares are nicely produced to complete with foreign products on the open market. Although they do complete favourably, the quality of their presentation are not the same or comparable to the foreign products in terms of packaging. Locally made ceramic wares are sold in the shops and on the open market without packages, although packages are made for the foreign products. The most common ones are bowls, mugs, flower vases etc. Like all fragile commercial products, Ghanaian ceramic wares need special packages to protect them against breakages and damages. However there are no standardized packages for such products in the country, therefore there is the need to produce sample prototype packages for selected Ghanaian Ceramic wares. Literature related to the topic was reviewed in the second chapter. Chapter three addressed General procedures required for packaging, which include observance of international quality standard, information on transportation, language, typography, colour brand names. Tools, materials and equipments used for the project, the construction of the pack, the designing of the label and finally the summary, conclusion and recommendation were discussed. The main finding was that there are no packages for locally produced ceramic wares in Ghana. It is recommended that ceramic producers in Ghana employ the services of qualified packaging designers to produce packages for their products and also to advise them on any packaging problems.

Source: KNUST
Design and fabrication of a metal mural depicting the chronological development of the Asante Kingdom

The main objective of this project was to design and fabricate a visual document that present historical facts about the Asante kingdom in chronological order using organised symbols and pictorial imagery. Data on the history of the Asante kingdom were gathered, summarised and encoded into symbols and imagery which were arranged chronologically into segments representing eras of significant administrative, economic or educational transformations in the kingdom. This was later transferred onto a copper sheet by employing the technique of repoussage which is a metal forming technique which compliments another technique called chasing. Working with the two techniques, the researcher produced both relief and intaglio designs on the sheet copper surface through the use of special punches called repoussage and chasing tools. The end result is an antique looking mural which is an embodiment of salient historical facts about the Asante kingdom (as captured by historians) right from the beginning of its formation, through successive kings, to the present.

Source: KNUST
Design and Construction of Selected Instructional Materials for Visual Arts in Ghanaian Colleges of Education

This research sought to develop teaching – learning materials that have aesthetic qualities and more durable in order to arouse and sustain students’ interest in the classroom. The Principal design used for this research was qualitative design. The researcher employed experimental and descriptive research methods. This was however supplemented by library search, questionnaire and interview. The findings reveal that students in the colleges of education as well as students running the Untrained Diploma in Basic Education (UTDBE) through distance Education organized by teacher Education Division of GES are capable of acquiring skills and knowledge in Visual Art related subjects. However, they need to be introduced to how to organize and produce simple teaching-learning materials to help them teach more effectively when they go to the teaching field. The strongest suggestions were that the GES should vigorously implement the new Educational Reform to its optimum. This will enable pupils to acquire skills and increase creativity which will help the students as well as the nation. The government should reintroduce the teaching of a course titled “Introduction of teaching learning materials” in the colleges of education curriculum. Finally, the Curriculum Research Development Division (CRDD) of the Ghana Education Service (GES) should come together to collectively organize workshops for teachers on the field on how to prepare simple teaching-learning materials. The District Directorate of the GES in collaboration with the resource centres at the Colleges of Education should organise workshops for teachers at the basic schools on how to prepare simple teaching-learning materials.

Source: KNUST
Design and evaluation of a simple PVC drip irrigation system using akposoe maize variety as a test crop

Maize (Zea mays, L.) is an important staple crop and has contributed significantly in ensuring food security and the growth of Ghana’s economy. Its productivity over the years has been limited by unpredictable rainfall pattern. The experiment was conducted to design and evaluate a simple PVC drip irrigation system using akposoe maize variety as a test crop, during the 2011 major growing season in a semi-decidous environment in Kumasi, Ghana. Irrigation water applied at the surface (0 cm), 20 cm, and 40 cm below surface, with “No irrigation” as control forming the four treatments. The design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and was replicated four times. The depth at which irrigation water is applied significantly influenced maize growth and dry matter yield. Ten weeks after planting, water applied at 20 cm depth below the ground surface, produced the tallest plant (177.85 cm), biggest stem girth (8.95 cm ) and highest dry matter yield (6085.06 kg/ha). The highest number of leaves (13.15) was recorded in the treatment where water was applied 20 cm below surface and at 0 cm depth. The treatment with water applied at 40 cm depth recorded the largest leaf diameter (9.73 cm) and the longest leaf length (73.59 cm).The “No Irrigation” treatment gave the shortest plant height (132.77 cm), smallest stem girth (6.77 cm), lowest number of leaves (10.40), smallest leaf diameter (7.06 cm), lowest leaf length (58.67 cm) and the lowest dry matter (2296.95 kg/ha). In general, plant height, stem girth, leaf diameter, number of leaves and leaf length under drip irrigation were statistically similar, but significantly different as compared to No Irrigation treatment and surface and subsurface ( i.e. 40 cm, 20 cm and 0 cm) water treatments. Generally the depth at which water is applied had a statistically significant effect on maize growth and yield.

Source: KNUST
Design and implementation of electronic voting machine on FPGA

Although many western countries such as United States of America, Germany, The Netherlands and France use electronic voting machine for their elections, third world countries are yet to switch to electronic voting machine. The fear may be that the existing electronic voting machines are sophisticated to use and expensive to procure. The work describes user study done on design and implement of an electronic voting machine. A prototype voting machine consisting of enable button, four voting buttons and four display buttons is implemented on field programming gate array. The machine, which has an enable light emitting diode-light that shows up when it is enabled by depressing of enable button, allows a voter to vote once when enabled. The machine has a common display, which shows the total votes cast at the polling station at any time, and shows a contesting party’s votes when his/her display button/switch is depressed. Test voting performed on the machine, using a sample size of 30 people from the university community, indicated that all votes cast were correctly recorded and tallied. The machine gave accurate results on the votes cast and these votes were immediately known, when they were shown on a display by the depressed of display buttons. Thus, collation of results can quickly and readily be done. The design has an external memory which stores votes cast so that in the event of recount, it can be fallen on to clear any doubt. This capability will assist in the problem of vote recount. Also, the voting machine is transparent in its usage since it shows total votes cast at anytime for onlookers and officials. Above all it is simple to use.

Source: KNUST