ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing dietary behaviours in urban food environments in Africa: a systematic mapping review

Objective: To identify factors influencing dietary behaviours in urban food environments in Africa and identify areas for future research. Design: We systematically reviewed published/grey literature (protocol CRD4201706893). Findings were compiled into a map using a socio-ecological model on four environmental levels: individual, social, physical and macro. Setting: Urban food environments in Africa. Participants: Studies involving adolescents and adults (11–70 years, male/female). Results: Thirty-nine studies were included (six adolescent, fifteen adolescent/adult combined and eighteen adult). Quantitative methods were most common (twentyeight quantitative, nine qualitative and two mixed methods). Studies were from fifteen African countries. Seventy-seven factors influencing dietary behaviours were identified, with two-thirds at the individual level (45/77). Factors in the social (11/77), physical (12/77) and macro (9/77) environments were investigated less. Individual-level factors that specifically emerged for adolescents included selfesteem, body satisfaction, dieting, spoken language, school attendance, gender, body composition, pubertal development, BMI and fat mass. Studies involving adolescents investigated social environment-level factorsmore, for example, sharing food with friends. The physical food environment was more commonly explored in adults, for example, convenience/availability of food.Macro-level factors associated with dietary behaviours were food/drink advertising, religion and food prices. Factors associated with dietary behaviour were broadly similar for men and women. Conclusions: The dominance of studies exploring individual-level factors suggests a need for research to explore how social, physical and macro-level environments drive dietary behaviours of adolescents and adults in urban Africa. More studies are needed for adolescents and men, and studies widening the geographical scope to encompass all African countries

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Dietary Practices Among Ghanaian Residents and Liberians Living in a Protracted Refugee Situation in Ghana

Objective Examine dietary practices among Liberian refugees living in a protracted refugee situation and Ghanaians living among them. Design Qualitative data were collected via audio-taped in-depth interviews as part of a larger mixed-methods cross-sectional study. Setting Buduburam Refugee Settlement and neighboring villages, Ghana. Participants Twenty-seven Liberian and Ghanaian women aged ≥16 years, who lived with ≥1 other female generation. Phenomenon of Interest Similarities and differences in factors influencing dietary practices among Liberian refugees living in Buduburam Refugee Settlement and Ghanaians living in and around this settlement. Analysis Domains, themes, and subthemes were confirmed through a highly iterative coding and consensus process. ATLAS.ti (version 7.5.10) was used to finalize coding and extract quotations. Results Seven domains emerged forming direct and indirect pathways influencing dietary patterns among Liberian refugees and Ghanaians: social support, food availability, nutrition knowledge, cultural food beliefs, food access, food preparation, and national identity. Conclusions and Implications Findings provide important insights into crucial factors driving dietary practices among refugees and local communities in and around a former protracted refugee settlement. Results strongly suggest that nutrition education, food availability, and access issues should be addressed with culturally sensitive programs targeting both the refugee and host communities.

Source: UG
Factors influencing domestic and marital violence against women in Ghana

Using the most recent version of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey and employing complementary log-log models, this study examined the causes of both physical and sexual violence among married women in Ghana. Results indicate that wealth and employment status that capture feminist explanations of domestic violence were not significantly related to both physical and sexual violence. Education was however, related to physical violence among Ghanaian women. Women who thought wife beating was justified and those who reported higher levels of control by their husbands had higher odds of experiencing physical and sexual violence. Also, compared to those who had not, women who witnessed family violence in their lives were significantly more likely to have experienced physical and sexual violence.

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Entry and Continued Success of Firms in the Export of Fresh Horticultural Products from Ghana

This paper presents a study designed to establish the factors which influence the initial entry and continued success of Ghanaian export-based firms into overseas markets dealing with nontraditional fresh agricultural products. The analysis is based on the estimation of a Heckman selection model using data from 52 exporters of fresh horticultural commodities. Data are obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire and the model is estimated by maximum likelihood procedures. We show that the probability of success of initial entry into overseas markets by an exporter is positively influenced by the level of manager’s training in export management, his/her entrepreneurial capacity, export product diversification, and government and institutional support. Perceived export barrier conditions and difficulty in accessing working capital are found to reduce the likelihood of successful entry into overseas markets. For sustained and successful ability to export to overseas markets, the manager’s entrepreneurship capabilities, diversification of the export commodity base of the firm and degree of difficulty in accessing working capital determine the degree of success.

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Farmers’ Awareness and Choice of Indigenous Practices in Adapting to Climate Change and Variability in Northern Ghana

Farmers in Northern Ghana adapt to the adverse effects of climate change using traditional practices. However, farmers’ awareness of these practices is a spring-board to their choices of available indigenous climate related adaptation strategies. This study examined farmers’ awareness and usage of indigenous adaptation strategies using the Heckman Two-Stage Sample Selection Model. Questionnaire was administered to 285 randomly selected households to determine the factors influencing farmers’ awareness and choice of indigenous adaptation strategies. The empirical results showed that majority of farmers are aware of and employed soil related indigenous adaptation strategies. Education, membership of farmer-based organisation, farmer-farmer extension contacts and farming experience significantly determine farmers’ awareness of indigenous adaptation strategies. Farmers’ level of education, farming experience, farmer-farmer extension contacts, membership of farmer group, labour hours and age significantly influenced farmers’ choice of indigenous climate related adaptation strategies. Based on these findings, it is recommended that farmers should endeavour to form groups to serve as a platform to share knowledge on indigenous farming practices for effective climate change adaptation.

Source: UG
Factors influencing householders’ access to improved water in low-income urban areas of Accra, Ghana

We analysed householders' access to improved water for drinking and other domestic uses in five selected low-income urban areas of Accra, Ghana using a survey of 1,500 households. Our definitions of improved water were different from those suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). The results revealed that only 4.4% of the respondents had access to improved drinking water compared to 40.7% using the WHO definition. However, 88.7% of respondents had access to improved water for domestic uses compared to 98.3% using the WHO definition. Using logistic regression analysis, we established that the significant determinant of householders' access to improved drinking water was income. However, for access to improved water for other domestic uses, the significant factors were education, income and location of the household. Compared to migrants, indigenous people and people from mixed areas were less likely to have access to improved water for other domestic purposes. For the analysis using the WHO definitions, most of the independent variables were not statistically significant in determining householders' access, and those variables that were significant generated parameter estimates inconsistent with evidence from the literature and anecdotal evidence from officials of public health and water supply companies in Ghana.

Source: UG
Factors influencing householders' access to improved water in low-income urban areas of Accra, Ghana

We analysed householders' access to improved water for drinking and other domestic uses in five selected low-income urban areas of Accra, Ghana using a survey of 1,500 households. Our definitions of improved water were different from those suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). The results revealed that only 4.4% of the respondents had access to improved drinking water compared to 40.7% using the WHO definition. However, 88.7% of respondents had access to improved water for domestic uses compared to 98.3% using the WHO definition. Using logistic regression analysis, we established that the significant determinant of householders' access to improved drinking water was income. However, for access to improved water for other domestic uses, the significant factors were education, income and location of the household. Compared to migrants, indigenous people and people from mixed areas were less likely to have access to improved water for other domestic purposes. For the analysis using the WHO definitions, most of the independent variables were not statistically significant in determining householders' access, and those variables that were significant generated parameter estimates inconsistent with evidence from the literature and anecdotal evidence from officials of public health and water supply companies in Ghana.

Source: UG
Factors influencing information delivery technology choice in deprived regions in Ghana

Using a contingent valuation (CV) method to quantitatively estimate the influence of selected socio-economic factors on households’ willingness to pay for alternative information delivery technologies, the study intended to provide basic information regarding rural households’ willingness to pay for information delivery technologies. This study used rural household survey data collected from three administrative regions in Ghana to examine rural women’s willingness to pay for information delivered via three technologies – community radio, private radio, and extension agents. The primary objective of the study was to identify the critical factors to consider in planning and policy design in using ICT to provide information to empower rural women. While there were nontrivial regional variations, the overall results from this study point to household expenditures (used as proxy for income), household education, and membership in community organizations as the principal factors influencing rural women’s willingness to pay for the various technologies used in information delivery to women in rural areas in Ghana. The overriding conclusion that emerged from this study was the need to examine ICT use in empowering rural women within a ‘holistic’ context.

Source: UG
Factors influencing integrated disease surveillance and response system in selected districts in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Background Ghana adopted the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system, which is an integration of the various programs in the surveillance system and can contain disease outbreaks and pandemics. Implementation of the IDSR is influenced by several factors which can affect its functionality and ability to contain disease outbreaks. This study assessed the factors influencing the IDSR system in selected districts in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted between February-March, 2022 in Fanteakwa North, Abuakwa South and New Juaben South districts in the Eastern Region of Ghana among health care workers who are involved in IDRS activities. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis at 0.05 significant level with 95% confidence interval. Results Three hundred and forty-seven (347) health care workers participated in the study with 56.2% (195/347) indicating that rumor registers were available at the health facilities. Most of the respondents (64.8%, 225/347) had means of transport for disease surveillance activi ties while majority (61.9%, 215/347) had case-based forms for case investigation. About half (51.9%, 180/347) of the participants revealed that they did not receive any feedback from the next higher level in the past year. Availability of transport for IDSR activities was almost 3.4 times more likely to contribute positively to IDSR system compared to facilities without transport (AOR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.44–7.83; p = 0.005). Respondents who have the capacity to apply case definition are 2 times more likely to contribute to an effective IDSR system compared to health workers who cannot apply case definition (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.17–3.21; p = 0.013). Respondents who did not receive feedback from the next higher level were 52% less likely to have an effective IDSR system compared to respondents who received feedback from the next higher level (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.23–1.00; p = 0.05). Conclusion Effective operation of IDSR is affected by the application of case definition and means of transport at health facilities. In addition, the capacity of health care workers to provide feed back can influence the smooth operation of the IDSR in the studied area in Ghana.

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Integrated Disease Surveillance And Response System In Selected Districts In The Eastern Region Of Ghana.

Background Ghana adopted the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system, which is an integration of the various programs in the surveillance system and can contain disease outbreaks and pandemics. Implementation of the IDSR is influenced by several factors which can affect its functionality and ability to contain disease outbreaks. This study assessed the factors influencing the IDSR system in selected districts in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted between February-March, 2022 in Fanteakwa North, Abuakwa South and New Juaben South districts in the Eastern Region of Ghana among health care workers who are involved in IDRS activities. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis at 0.05 significant level with 95% confidence interval. Results Three hundred and forty-seven (347) health care workers participated in the study with 56.2% (195/347) indicating that rumor registers were available at the health facilities. Most of the respondents (64.8%, 225/347) had means of transport for disease surveillance activities while majority (61.9%, 215/347) had case-based forms for case investigation. About half (51.9%, 180/347) of the participants revealed that they did not receive any feedback from the next higher level in the past year. Availability of transport for IDSR activities was almost 3.4 times more likely to contribute positively to IDSR system compared to facilities without transport (AOR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.44–7.83; p = 0.005). Respondents who have the capacity to apply case definition are 2 times more likely to contribute to an effective IDSR system compared to health workers who cannot apply case definition (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.17–3.21; p = 0.013). Respondents who did not receive feedback from the next higher level were 52% less likely to have an effective IDSR system compared to respondents who received feedback from the next higher level (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.23–1.00; p = 0.05). Conclusion Effective operation of IDSR is affected by the application of case definition and means of transport at health facilities. In addition, the capacity of health care workers to provide feedback can influence the smooth operation of the IDSR in the studied area in Ghana

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction among Midwives in Accra Metropolis

The success or failure of an establishment depends largely on the workers’ job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is that innate desire of the worker to do more or to desire to leave the work because she is not happy with work and does not achieve what she wants. Midwives job satisfaction or dissatisfaction could affect not only their employers but others such as their clients. Midwives are considered the largest skilled professionals for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3. Yet, very little is known about their job satisfaction in Ghana. It is in this regard that this study assessed the factors that influenced job satisfaction among midwives in the Accra Metropolis. The causal model of professional practice environment and job outcomes was used to organise the study. Cross sectional quantitative approach was employed to recruit midwives from public and quasi- government hospitals in Accra Metropolis. Data were collected using a standardised questionnaire. Descriptive, correlation and regression analyses were employed to analyse the data. The findings of the study indicated that midwives have positive practice environment, generally satisfied with their job but experience moderate to severe emotional exhaustion, staff and resource inadequacy and dissatisfaction with salaries. The findings also suggested that factors influencing job satisfaction among these midwives were years of work as a registered midwife, years of work in a current hospital, nurse manager leadership, ability and support, staffing and resource adequacy, the nursing foundation for quality of care and emotional exhaustion. These findings have implication for midwifery practice, midwifery research and policy development.

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction Among Nurses In Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Job satisfaction has been a recurring problem amongst nurses in Nigeria. As such, unfavorable working conditions are compounding problems of shortage and anticipated turnover among the Nigerian nursing workforce. Competent and skilled nurses are emigrating in search of better remunerations, better standards of living, gaining experiences, and upgrading qualifications. The resilient nurses practicing in Nigeria regardless of unfavourable conditions are exposed to work related stresses. The purpose of the study was to assess factors influencing job satisfaction among nurses in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Kaduna State, Nigeria. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Disproportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 360 participants from a population of 695 nurses with a response rate of 304 (84%). Revised Nursing Work Index (NWI- R) was adopted as the data collection tool. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The major causes of job dissatisfaction among the participants were poor salary, working conditions and staffing. ABUTH management should improve upon nurses’ remuneration, create healthy practicing environment and improve their staffing of nurses to retain the practicing nurses and attract younger generation into the profession

Source: UG
Factors Influencing Length of Stay of Adult in-Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Study at 37 Military Hospital

Review books or articles provide a critical and constructive analysis of existing published literature in a field, through summary, analysis, and comparison, often identifying specific gaps or problems and providing recommendations for future research. These are considered as secondary literature since they generally do not present new data from the author's experimental work. Review articles can be of three types, broadly speaking: literature reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. It also the researcher to stay abreast of new literature in the field.

Source: UG
Factors influencing long-term medication non-adherence among diabetes and hypertensive patients in Ghana: A qualitative investigation

Background Evidence remains limited on why diabetes and hypertensive patients admitted to long-term drug therapy miss doses or discontinue medication taking. We examined this phenomenon from the perspective of diabetes and hypertension patients at a Ghanaian teaching hospital. Methods Between July and December 2015, we conducted a qualitative study targeting caregivers and their patients with chronic diabetes and hypertensive on re-admission at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital due to non-adherence to prescribed medication. Participants were sampled purposefully and taking through in-depth interviews using an interview guide. Notes and audio recordings of interviews were transcribed, managed and coded for themes guided by the thematic network analysis recommended by Attride-Stirling. Results Non-adherence was the result of perceptions that the medications are not effective for managing the conditions. Patients with these perceptions rejected the medications and turned to herbal medicines and spiritual healing as therapeutic alternatives, because of their easy accessibility, perceived efficacy and affordability. Other factors identified to influence non-adherence included polypharmacy practice; tight work schedules; social norms; poor prescription instruction by health providers; and knowledge and experience of medication. Conclusion Findings suggests the need for health providers to adopt therapeutic approaches that take into account patients’ beliefs, values and norms in administering medications. Sensitisation of patients and caregivers during admission on the implication of non-adherence, as well as interventions that monitor and provide feedback mechanisms on patients’ medication taking behaviour holds promise for maximising diabetes and hypertensive medication adherence. © 2018 Atinga et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Source: UG