ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Effects of decentralisation on local level development: A case study of the Yilo Krobo District in Ghana

In both developed and developing countries, there has been a contemporary debate on the nature and merits of decentralisation and local government. However, most literature on decentralisation focused more on expectations and discourses than on practices and outcomes. This indicates that a comprehensive empirical rethinking is needed. This study examined the effects of decentralisation on local development in the Yilo Krobo District with specific focus on the capacity of the District Assembly to initiate and implement projects, the extent to which local people have participated in decision making, and the challenges that emerged in the process of completing critical projects. The study employed the mixed research design through the use of interview schedules for 200 community members, 60 Assembly members, and an interview guide for five staff of the Assembly. In all, 265 respondents participated in the study. Quantitative data analysis was performed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS), version 17. The study concluded that delays and restrictions in inflows (central grants) from central governments have affected developmental activities at the local level. Projects initiated and implemented by the Assembly did not meet the critical needs of the local people. It is recommended that the Assembly should provide a domestic framework to promote the participatory formulation, conceptualisation and operationalisation of local development plans.

Source: UCC
Effects of deficit irrigation and chicken manure interactions on the growth and yield of okra in a pot experiment

The study was conducted at University of Cape Coast Research Farm, Cape Coast, Ghana from February, 2014 to December, 2014. The objective of the research was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and chicken manure interactions on the growth and yield of okra. Nine treatments (T1 = 100% CRW, T2 = 90% CWR, T3 = 80% CWR, T4 = 100% CWR+5 t haG1 chicken manure, T5 = 100% CWR+10 t haG1 chicken manure, T6 = 90% CWR+5 t haG1 chicken manure, T7 = 90% CWR+10 t haG1 chicken manure, T8 = 80% CWR+5 t haG1 chicken manure and T9 = 80% CWR+10 t haG1 chicken manure) replicated three (3) times were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The T5 dominated in the growth and yield parameters of okra followed by T4. It was observed that T7 had a comparable yield with full Crop Water Requirements (CWR)+chicken manure (T4 and T5) and 20% deficit irrigation+chicken manure performed poorly (T8 and T9). For efficient water use without any significant yield reduction, 10% deficit irrigation+10 t haG1 chicken is best for okra production

Source: UCC
Effects of deficit irrigation and chicken manure interactions on the growth and yield of okra in a pot experiment

The study was conducted at University of Cape Coast Research Farm, Cape Coast, Ghana from February, 2014 to December, 2014. The objective of the research was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and chicken manure interactions on the growth and yield of okra. Nine treatments (T1 = 100% CRW, T2 = 90% CWR, T3 = 80% CWR, T4 = 100% CWR+5 t haG1 chicken manure, T5 = 100% CWR+10 t haG1 chicken manure, T6 = 90% CWR+5 t haG1 chicken manure, T7 = 90% CWR+10 t haG1 chicken manure, T8 = 80% CWR+5 t haG1 chicken manure and T9 = 80% CWR+10 t haG1 chicken manure) replicated three (3) times were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The T5 dominated in the growth and yield parameters of okra followed by T4. It was observed that T7 had a comparable yield with full Crop Water Requirements (CWR)+chicken manure (T4 and T5) and 20% deficit irrigation + chicken manure performed poorly (T8 and T9). For efficient water use without any significant yield reduction, 10% deficit irrigation+10 t haG1 chicken is best for okra production

Source: UCC
The effects of deficit irrigation, deficit irrigation chicken manure and deficit irrigation-npk 15:15:15 interactions on the growth and yield of okra (abelmoschus esculentus) in pot and field experiments

The research was conducted at University of Cape Coast Research Farm, Cape Coast, Ghana, from February 2014 to February 2015. The objective of theresearch was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation, deficit irrigation chicken manure combination and deficit irrigation-NPK 15:15:15 combination on the growth and yield of Okra in pot and field experiments. The Randomized Complete Block Design was used for the pot experiment with nine (9) treatments replicated three (3) times. The 9 treatments were 100% (T1) crop water requirement (CWR), 90% CWR (T2), 80%CWR (T3), 100%CWR + 5t/ha chicken manure (T4), 100%CWR + 10t/ha chicken manure (T5), 90%CWR + 5t/ha chicken manure (T6), 90%CWR + 10t/ha chicken manure (T7), 80%CWR + 5t/ha chicken manure (T8), and 80%CWR + 10t/ha chicken manure (T9). It was observed in the pot experiment that T7 had a comparable yield with 100% CWR + chicken manure and 80% deficit irrigation + chicken manure performed poorly. In the field experiment, T1-T9 was maintained but six (6) NPK treatments were added to bring the total to 15. The 6 NPK treatments added were 100%CWR + 200kg/ha NPK (T10), 100%CWR + 250kg/ha NPK (T11), 90%CWR + 200kg/ha NPK (T12), 90%CWR + 250kg/ha (T13), 80%CWR + 200kg/ha NPK (T14) and 80%CWR + 250kg/ha NPK (T15). Deficit and full irrigation-chicken manure performed better than deficit and full irrigation-NPK at 100%CWR and 90%CWR. Twenty percent deficit irrigation plus high doses of chicken manure and NPK performed poorly. Ten percent deficit irrigation with 10t/ha chicken manure and 250kg/ha NPK are best for okra production.

Source: UCC
The Effects of Demographic Variables on Employees’ Decisions to Stay or Quit in Ghana Commercial Bank, Kumasi

The study examined the effect of demographic variables on employees’ decision to stay or quit in Ghana Commercial Bank (GCB). Quantitative research design, specifically a descriptive study design was adopted. A study population of 98 senior and junior members of staff was sampled for the study. Self administered questionnaire was the research instrument used. Statistical tools used to analyse the data were descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and cross tabulation and, inferential statistics such as independent t test and one way analysis of variance. The findings of the study revealed that more than half of the employees had the intention to quit the bank. These employees were mostly females, under the age of 35 years of age, in personal banking position, at the junior level of the bank and had worked with the bank for less than 15 years. Age, job positions and work experience were the only demographic variables found to have statistically significant effect on employees’ intention to quit in Ghana Commercial Bank. It was recommended that management of GCB, Kumasi should add other retention packages to the existing ones of the bank which should take into consideration gender, age, and levels of employees and length of service or turner. This will make the retention efforts of the Bank appealing to all the spectrum of workers and also defer or minimise the intention to quit by most of the employees who were females, youthful, at junior level and worked for less than 15 years.

Source: UCC
The effects of different concentrations cytokinins on the in vitro multiplication of plantain (musa sp.)

The study was aimed at determining the appropriate type and level of cgokinin required to achieve shooting response in two cultivars of plantain (Oniaba and Apantu pa). Three cytokinin types, Benzylaminopurine (BAP), Kinetin and 2ip at two different concentrations (4.5 and .5 mg LA ) were used. The apical meristem of each cultivar was isolated using appropriate protocol for shoot tip isolation under aseptic conditions. Media supplemented with 4.5 mg L I BAP induced the highest number of shoots after eight weeks of culture. There was also a variation in the ability of the cytokinin types to induce shooting in both cultivars. BAP had the highest shoot induction response in both cultivars, followed by Kinetin and 2ip. Each hormone appeared to have an optimal level of concentration for maximum shooting. Oniaba responded favourably to BAP at 4.5 mg L where as Apantu pa was virtually indifferent to the Kmentin types. The degree of efficiency of shooting was therefore found to be dependent on the type of hormone and the plantain cultivar

Source: UCC
Effects of different light-emitting diode (LEDs) on fruit yield of greenhouse cucumber

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv Delstar) was grown in greenhouse under different light-emitting diode (LEDs) to investigate the effects of different light waves on yield forms. Three treatments (red, Blue, and White) were conduct from 4 March 2008 to 24 June 2008. Results showed that, Blue light treatment got highest marketable production and marketable fruit ratio per plant, the value was 2309 g and 0.81 per plant, respectively. White treatment got lowest marketable production and marketable fruit ratio, with the value 1898 g and 0.12 per plant, respectively. However, White light treatment got highest single fruit weight with the value 166.99 g per fruit. From the above result, it may be of a good choice to use supplemental Blue light to increase cucumber production

Source: UCC
Effects of different pre-treatments on drying characteristics of banana slices

The effects of different pre-treatments and temperature on the drying characteristics of ripe Gros Michel banana slices were investigated. 5- and 7-mm thick slices of bananas were pre-treated with four different pre-treatments such as ascorbic acid, lemon juice, salt solution, honey dip and a control for 10 minutes, each replicated three times. Pre-treated banana slices were dried in a cabinet oven dryer using a completely randomized design at 60°C and 70oC and their drying characteristics such as rate of drying, moisture diffusivity, re-hydration ratio, and coefficient of re-hydration were studied. The moisture content of the fresh ripe bananas for both the untreated and treated samples was found to be in the range of 75-77 % (w b) which reduced to 16.8 to 27% after oven drying for various thicknesses and temperatures of air drying for 16 hours. The moisture diffusivity during oven drying varied from 7.89E-5 to 14.94E-5 m/s2, and increased with drying air temperature. The 5 mm thick slices at a drying air temperature of 70°C dried better than the others and resulted in about 13% savings in time. The minimum re-hydration ratio of 1.215 was obtained for 7 mm thick slices treated with ascorbic acid and the maximum re-hydration ratio of 1.716 was obtained for lemon juice samples. This means that the lemon juice treated dried bananas will reconstitute more moisture when exposed to air

Source: UCC
Effects of different types and concentrations of gelling agents on the physical and chemical properties of media and the growth of banana (Musa spp.) in vitro

Banana shoots were cultured on the medium containing either one of the three gelling agents agar, gelrite and gellan gum for 13 weeks. The concentrations of the nutrient elements especially macro-elements, were higher in gelrite than in agar and gellan gum. Each of the three gelling agents had an optimal concentration for plant growth, but as a whole, shoot growth and multiplication was higher on the medium solidified with 0.9 g L-1 gelrite as compared with those on the medium solidified with 4-8 g L-1 agar or 2-6 g L-1 gellan gum. This may be attributed to the availability and uptake of water and mineral nutrients. Most of the shoots cultured on 0.7 g L-1 gelrite or 4 g L-1 agar and on the liquid medium showed poor growth and multiplication due to vitrification. The higher concentrations of gellan gum (6 g L-1) and agar (8 g L-1) did not support shoot growth and this was explained by reduced water and mineral salt uptake. At the concentration of each gelling agent that gave the best shoot growth and proliferation (gelrite 0.9, agar 6 and gellan gum 2 g L-1) the water potential of the medium was about -0.5 MPa and the medium with a water potential of about -0.6 MPa did not support plant growth. We concluded that the growth of banana plants in vitro was affected by the type and concentration of gelling agent mainly due to the difference in the physical properties of the medium

Source: UCC
The effects of digital divide on teaching and learning processes in second cycle schools in the wenchi municipality of Ghana

Teaching is becoming one of the most challenging professions in our society. Knowledge is expanding rapidly and modern technology is demanding teachers and students to use technologies in teaching and learning. The study compared the students from two schools; the schools with computers and other schools without computers. Data for this study were collected by performance test and interview in Methodist Senior High School and Istiqarma Senior High School both in Wenchi Municipality. Forty Senior High School students and twenty teachers were randomly selected from both schools for the study. Semi-Structured interview was used to collect data from the teachers and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software was used to analyze the students’ questionnaire. Formulated research hypothesis were statistically tested using independence sample t-test in SPSS. The study organized a variety of approaches found in the availability of ICT tools and their usage. Results of these analysis showed that students from schools with computers performed better than those without computers. It further identified factors enabling or inhibiting the successful adoption and use of ICT. It also explored the effectiveness of government policy mechanisms at national and regional levels. However, the study recommended that government and other stakeholders in education should equip the second cycle schools with the necessary ICT infrastructure, professionally trained ICT teachers and adequate financial staff support to facilitate smooth integration of ICT into the curriculum.

Source: UCC
Effects of Discipline Management on the Performance of Employee of Judicial Service, Cape Coast

The aim of the study, according to the researchers, was to see how disciplinary management affected employee performance in the Cape Coast Metropolitan and especially considering the Judicial Service. The study's specific objectives were to ascertain some of the factors that contribute to judicial indiscipline, assess employee knowledge of judicial disciplinary action, ascertain how judicial disciplinary procedures are implemented, and also to ascertain the effect of judicial disciplinary policy and action on employee performance. This study used a descriptive survey design and a quantitative research approach was adopted. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the 80 respondents out of the population of 100. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to examine quantitative data with the help of Statistical Package for Social Science. Regardless of the similarities and differences between disciplinary processes and concepts, it has been shown that discipline management techniques have an effect on employee performance. The Judicial Service, on the other hand, may enhance employee performance by stressing disciplinary management methods. As a consequence, the study recommends that court disciplinary processes be strengthened to discourage workers from participating in work-related misbehaviour.

Source: UCC
Effects of Education and Institutions on Corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa

In the quest to fight against corruption, which has negatively affected development and peace in Sub-Saharan Africa, researchers have researched to ascertain the factors that influence corruption in the sub-region. Some works have explored the ways in which education affects corruption whiles others looked at the influence of institutions on corruption. This study was motivated by the limited literature that investigated the effects of both education and institutions on corruption. Using gross primary, secondary and tertiary school enrollments as proxies for education attainment, and rule of law, voice and accountability, control of corruption, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, political stability and economic freedom as proxies for institutions, the study investigated the effects education and institutions have on corruption. Sourcing data from WDI, WGI, HFI and TI from 2000-2017 for 41 Sub-Saharan African countries, the study employed fixed and random effect techniques. After the post-estimation test was done to cater for possible multicollinearity and Hausman test to select an appropriate technique – fixed effect model, the study revealed that while education has only positive effects on corruption, institutions have both positive and negative effects on corruption. In their conjoined form, education and institutions also show positive and negative effects. Given that educational attainment has positive effect on corruption, it is recommended that education policymakers of countries of Sub-Saharan Africa emphasize character formation as a key part of the education curriculum to educate populace that are not only competent but conscientious, compassionate and committed to the common good. Additionally, policy makers and anti-corruption institutions need to collaborate to put in place structures that will ensure that institutions work efficiently and effectively to improve their quality.

Source: UCC
The Effects Of Educational Intervention On Patients’ Knowledge On Hypertension, Beliefs, And Adherence To Therapy In The Kwaebibirem Municipality

Hypertension has become a significant public health concern in developing countries due to its increasing prevalence and harmful effects on clients with hypertension. The study assessed the effects of educational intervention on patients’ knowledge on hypertension, beliefs, and adherence to therapy. The study used the quasi-experimental design. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 217 respondents who attended hypertension clinic at Kade Government Hospital in the Kwaebibirem Municipality from January to April 2023. The data collection instruments used were Magadza et al.’s tool on hypertension, Horne et al.’s tool on beliefs about medication, Zyoud et al.’s tool on medication adherence and education intervention tool based on WHO’s Diagnosis and Management for Patients with hypertension. Data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 25. Demographic data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Paired T-tests and McNemar-Bowker for dependent samples were performed to compare the participants’ levels of knowledge about hypertension and its therapy, beliefs about medicines, and levels of adherence to antihypertensive therapy before and after the educational intervention. There was significant increase in the patients’ levels of knowledge about hypertension (P<.001), beliefs about medicines were significantly modified in a positive manner (P<.001), and a significant (p<0.001) difference in adherence scores before and after the educational intervention. The results of this study indicate a deliberate educational intervention has a positive effect on knowledge, belief and adherence. Health education should be organized regularly to improve knowledge and adherence among patient living with hypertension.

Source: UCC
Effects of Educational Policies on Teacher Education in Ghana: A Historical Study of the Presbyterian College of Education

This study aimed at reviewing the Basel Mission educational policy on teacher education in Ghana, and how teacher education has been managed by post-independence governments. It examined how educational policies affected teacher education delivery in Ghana from 1848 to 2013 in the areas of educational structure, curriculum and management. The Presbyterian College of Education was used as a case study. A theoretical framework for the study was provided based on the Basel Mission’s theology of education. This was followed by a review of teacher education in Ghana during the pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial periods. Content analyses of educational policy documents and archival materials as well as interviews were used for the collection of data. The findings revealed that the use of different structural models of teacher education, different curricula and different educational management styles were influenced by the educational policies of the colonial, nationalist, military and democratic governments of the Gold Coast / Ghana from 1848 to 2013. The study commends the Basel Mission for its initiative, and recommends the Ministry of Education to provide in-service training for teachers; governments to be guided by past educational policies; and governments to formulate educational policies that seek to promote national interest, rather than partisan interest, in order to ensure quality teacher education delivery.

Source: UCC
Effects of egg albumen as binder, on yield and sensory characteristics of frankfurter sausages

This study was conducted to find alternative binders to substitute for polyphosphate in frankfurter-type sausages. Fresh albumen (FA) at 32.5 (FA1), 49 (FA2) and 65 (FA3) g/kg meat (equivalent to 5, 7.5 and 109 dry matter/kg meat), and dried albumen (DA) at 5 (DA1), 7.5 (DA2) and 10 (DA3) g/kg meat were used to formulate the products, and compared with those formulated with polyphosphate (5g/kg meat) as binder. The Completely Randomized Design was used, and products were formulated in triplicates. They were vacuum-packed in transparent packaging bags and stored at rc for sensory and laboratory analyses. From the results, egg albumen had no significant (P>0.05) effects on the cooking losses of the FA1, FA2, DA1 and DA2 products, but the losses in these products were significantly (P<O.Ol) lower than in the DA3 and FA3 products. The FA1 and FA2 products were juicier than the FA3, control, DA2 and DA3 products. The acceptability of the products was however, not significantly (P>0.05) different. The egg albumen however, increased the crude protein and reduced fat contents of the DA and FA products. It was cheaper acquiring egg albumen for the FA1 products than acquiring polyphosphates, but it's more expensive acquiring dried albumen for the DA products, although the products had acceptable yield and sensory characteristics

Source: UCC