ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Effect of Stad model of cooperative learning on students’ performances on nomenclature of hydrocarbons in Ho Mawuli Senior High School

Students Team Achievement Division model of cooperative learning was employed to examine students’ performance in nomenclature of hydrocarbons. A sample of 41 students were conveniently sampled for the study. The study employed an action research design. Pre and post-intervention tests were conducted before and after the intervention respectively to determine the effect of the intervention on students’ performance. Retention test was also administered two weeks after the post-test to determine the effect of the intervention on students’ retention. Five points Likert scale questionnaire was used to determine students’ perceptions of STAD in learning nomenclature of hydrocarbons. The findings from the study showed that STAD model of cooperative learning significantly improved performances of the students in nomenclature of hydrocarbons. Implementation of STAD has also enhanced students’ retention of the concept of nomenclature of hydrocarbons. No significant difference was observed between male and female students after implementation of STAD. The study concluded that STAD model of cooperative Learning is an effective learning model for improving academic performance and retention. The intervention fostered positive classroom interactions, promoted positive attitudes towards learning and provided opportunities for developing critical thinking and analytical skills. The study therefore recommended the use of STAD model of cooperative Learning by students owing to its effectiveness in improving learning outcome.

Source: UEW
The effect of Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) cooperative learning on Senior High School students’ performance in the mole concept

This research was designed to investigate the effect of Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) cooperative learning on students’ performance in the mole concept among selected senior high schools. The objectives of the study were to determine: the ideas students have on the mole concept, students’ performance in the mole concept when taught with STAD cooperative learning, the difference in performance between the male and female students taught with STAD and the perceptions of the students of the use of STAD in the chemistry lessons. The quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. A simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used to select two senior high schools for the study. A total of 65 students participated in the study.Thirty (30) for the control group who were taught the mole concept with the traditional instructional approach and thirty five (35) for the experimental group who were taught the same concept with the (STAD) cooperative learning approach. The instrument that were used to collect data were pre-test, post-test, questionnaires and interview. The test items were piloted in other schools with similar characteristics as the research group and the reliability quoefficients were found to be suitable for the study. The data collected were mainly analysed using central tendencies, frequency distribution table and t-test. Hypotheses were accepted or rejected at significant level of 0.05. The results of the study revealed that STAD cooperative learning had significant impact and enhanced the academic achievement and performance of students in the mole concept. The results also showed that both the male and female students performed equally in the mole concept when taught with the STAD instructional approach.This means that STAD impacted male and female equally in their study of the mole. It was again revealed by the results of the study that students have high positive perception of STAD cooperative instructional approach and prefer it to the traditional instructional approach. The results of this study would be beneficial to integrated science and chemistry teachers, curriculum planners and developers as well as policy makers in improving the teaching and learning process and achievement in the mole concept.

Source: UEW
The effect of taxation on financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Ghana

This study examined the effect of corporate income taxes on the profitability of some listed manufacturing firms in Ghana from 2016 to 2020 using secondary data which was sourced from various publications of the firms’ financial reports. To achieve this, the study employed the quantitative approach, with the descriptive survey and cross-sectional study being the design adopted for the study. In handling a sample size of 20 manufacturing companies, the secondary data extracted was imputed into SPSS v.26 for both descriptive and inferential statistics to be done. The study further employed the regression analysis as the estimation of the conditional expectation of the dependent variable given the predictive variables whiles panel data was used to estimate the extent to which value-added taxes, withholding taxes, personal income taxes, size, and age affected the profitability of manufacturing firms when they comply with payment of corporate taxes. The study revealed that there is a significant negative relation between corporate income tax and financial performance. On the other hand, firms’ age and size show a significant positive relationship with financial performance. The study showed firms did not specifically engage tax experts to manage their overall tax managements which was a challenge. The manufacturing industry is also challenged by various changes in tax regimes over the period, managers in the sector regard this to be hindering the sector. It is on this basis that, this study recommended that policymakers should develop an interest in promoting the manufacturing industry by making it stable and efficient to boost confidence. Also, management of manufacturing firms must also take tax planning initiatives into consideration in an attempt to reduce net tax payments to increase their financial performance.

Source: UEW
The effect of teacher classroom activity on students’ performance and perception in studying direct current electricity in integrated science

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teacher classroom activity method on students‟ performance and acquisition of required skills in learning direct current electricity in integrated science for 4weeks. The study was done with a sample size of 30 Home economic students (all female) of Swedru School of Business. At the end of each week, a test was administered to students to collect data on weekly performance of students. At the end of the 4th week, a questionnaire on students‟ perception of the use of the teacher classroom activity method to teach Direct Current Electricity was administered. Descriptive statistics techniques were used to analyse the data obtained from the tests. The results indicated that class weekly average scores were 2.9, 3.5, 5.3 and 6.6 out of maximum score of 10. The study revealed that the performance of students improved during the period when the teacher classroom activity method was utilised. Also the teacher classroom activity method assisted students to acquire a wide range of experimental and process skills during the period of study. Also the study showed that students had positive perception towards the use of teacher classroom activity method to teach direct current electricity. The study recommended that teachers, especially science teachers are encouraged to use modern methods of teaching to teach students instead of the usual conventional methods, teachers are also to pay critical attention to skills development when teaching. Finally, it is recommended that since students had positive perception about teacher classroom activity method, teachers are to be encouraged to use the teacher classroom activity method to teach students at Swedru School of business.

Source: UEW
Effect of teacher motivation and work environment on the performance of teachers in private basic schools in Obuasi Municipal

A well-motivated teacher in a conducive working environment obtained a sense of responsibility to prepare students for good performance in their final exams. The study investigated the effects of teachers' motivation and the work environment on the performance of private basic schools in Obuasi. The study employed the descriptive and explanatory survey design with a sample size of 102 teachers comprising 67 males and 35 females, who were randomly selected from five basic private schools in Obuasi. The findings were that teachers at private basic schools in Obuasi receive motivational packages such as allowances, study leave, high moral standards, prospects for career development, receive a salary on time, advance payment when performing well in teaching, and a yearly party. However, rules of conduct that set discipline in the school, availability of materials and classroom environment, free medical care in case of ill health, and availability of accommodation for teachers as motivation are insufficiently provided as a motivational package at a private basic school in Obuasi. It was recommended that management at basic private school in Obuasi should increase the motivational packages and provide a conducive environment for teachers to allow them to come up with creative ideas that improve their performance

Source: UEW
Effect of teaching problem solving heurestics on the academic performance of SHS students in physics

The study was designed to improve students’ academic achievements in physics. It was the belief of the author that if students’ were allowed to develop higher cognitive processes through problem-solving instructional strategy using the five step problem solving heuristic proposed by Williams, Metcalfe, Trinklein and Lefler, called the Modern Physics Problem Solving Rule, it might improve positively their academic performance and for that matter increase their interest in physics. Therefore, effect of incorporating problem solving heuristics in teaching on the academic performance and interest of students toward physics was investigated. Kwanyako Senior High School science students constituted the population of this study. The form two (2) science students numbering twenty three were selected as the sample for the study. The main instruments used to collect data were test items and a checklist. The test items consisted of pre intervention test and post-intervention test items. A grading criterion that emphasizes certain problem solving skills was developed to monitor students’ learning progress. The developed checklist had eight items which captured certain behaviours that depict an interest or loss of interest in a subject. Duration of six weeks’ intervention plan with the class using an innovative method of teaching problem solving strategy was employed. The data collected from pre intervention test and post-intervention test were analysed using frequency counts and percentages. A paired sample t-test with the aid of the SPSS version 20.0 showed that there was a significant difference in the pre-intervention test and post-intervention test scores. The post-intervention test analysis manifested that there had been an improvement in the way students solved physics problems. With regards to the interest towards physics, the same trend was observed after the analysis. The students’ interest towards the study of physics was higher after the implementation of the intervention. Students, who did not enjoy physics, now asked for more physics problems at the later part of the study. The study recommends the use of proactive ways of presenting subject material so as to guide students’ learning efforts. Once the problem- solving abilities of students are animated, improved performance and interest towards physics will automatically follow.

Source: UEW
The effect of teaching unspecialized subject area on students’ academic performance in Kwabre Municipal

Teachers are the core influential aspect in students’ learning and achievement. This study was conducted in the Kwabre Municipal in the Ashanti region. The purpose of the study was to find the effect of teaching unspecialized subject on students’ academic performance. The study employed descriptive and inferential statistics. The study was conducted with a sample of 60 teachers. Primary data was collected from the Municipal through Self administering method for the study. The Reliability test using Cronbach's alpha had (α = 0.768) for questionnaire. Findings from the study revealed that the factors accounting for teaching unspecialized subjects are; Laissez- Faire Attitude, A natural loss of Teachers and Non-existence of accurate collected workforce data. The principal challenge of teaching unspecialized subjects in School is “Teacher limits interaction by rushing through topics”. There is weak negative correlation (R = - 0.167and R2 = 0.027, p > 0.05) between teaching unspecialized subject and student academic performance. The study concludes that there is negative impact of teaching unspecialized subject on students’ academic performance. The study Recommend that educational directors in the Municipal should ensure that the required number of teachers are employed and also restrained from assigning teachers to teach in the Municipal with Laissez- Faire Attitude.

Source: UEW
The effect of the capitation policy withdrawal on maternal health service provision in Ashanti Region, Ghana: an interrupted time series analysis

Background: Payment methods are known to influence maternal care delivery in health systems. Ghana suspended a piloted capitation provider payment system after nearly five years of implementation. This study aimed to examine�the effects of Ghana�s capitation policy on maternal�health care provision as part of lesson learning and bridging this critical literature gap. Methods: We used secondary data in the District Health Information Management System-2 and an interrupted time series design to assess changes in level and trend in the provision of ANC4+ (visits of pregnant women making at least the fourth antenatal care attendance per month), HB36 (number of hemoglobin tests conducted for pregnant women who are at the 36th week of gestation) and vaginal delivery in capitated facilities-CHPS (Community-based Health Planning and Services) facilities and hospitals. Results: The results show that the capitation policy withdrawal was associated with a statistically significant trend increase in the provision of ANC4+ in hospitals (coefficient 70.99 p < 0. 001) but no effect in CHPS facilities. Also, the policy withdrawal resulted in contrasting effects in hospitals and CHPS in the trend of provision of Hb36; a statistically significant decline was observed in CHPS (coefficient ? 7.01, p < 0.05) while that of hospitals showed a statistically significant trend increase (coefficient 32.87, p < 0.001). Finally, the policy withdrawal did not affect trends of vaginal delivery rates in both CHPS and hospitals. Conclusions: The capitation policy in Ghana appeared to have had a differential effect on the provision of maternal services in both CHPS and hospitals; repressing maternal care provision in hospitals and promoting adherence to anemia testing at term for pregnant women in CHPS facilities. Policy makers and stakeholders should consider the possible detrimental effects on maternal care provision and quality in the design and implementation of per capita primary care systems as they can potentially impact the achievement of SDG 3. � 2022, The Author(s).

Source: UEW
The effect of the cedi depreciation on small and medium scale enterprise in Ghana (a case study of small-scale importers in Kumasi)

The research study seeks to examine the effects of cedi depreciation on the activities of small scale businesses in the country. The aim of the research is to examine the impact of cedi depreciation on imports, income, size and the growth and performance of the small scale industries. In addition the research work aims at finding out the extent to which small scale businesses depend on imports. SMEs found in some selected localities in Kumasi Metropolis are used. Literatures were reviewed theoretically and empirically. Data collected were analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS). The survey conducted on a total of 150 respondents out of which 145 responses were received representing 97.67% response rate. The results have proved that there is a negative relationship between values of depreciation and the volumes of goods imports, the income of the businesses and the size. It was found out that SMEs in Ghana presents almost 100% dependency on imports. The study will inform the operators of the industries on the dangers of huge values of depreciation. This will help the managers to take better decisions on the quantity of goods imported, the number of workers and the income of the businesses. I will also recommend to other researchers that a further study can be conducted about the impacts of the cedi depreciation on job creation in the country. Also, a similar study can be conducted about the effects of cedi depreciation on the medium and large scale businesses and their performances in Ghana.

Source: UEW
Effect of the use of instructional resources on students’ performance in electricity and magnetism

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the use of instructional resources on the academic performance of students and also how these materials can motivate learners to learn Physics. The study was a quasi- experimental research design that employed pre-test, post-test, unstructured interview and observational technique. The population of the study comprised all Senior High School science students in the Nkwanta South District of the Volta Region of Ghana. The purposive and convenience sampling technique was employed to select the sample for the study. Form three (3B) science class which consist of thirty-seven (37) boys and three (3) girls was selected for the study. The total sample for the study was forty (40) form three (3B) science students of Nkwanta SHS. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS to find achievement mean scores. To see the treatment effect, the mean scores were computed to determine the average achievement on the variable of the pre-test and post-test. In addition, the significance difference between the mean scores was tested at 0.05 level by applying t test based on the pre-test and the post-test. It was observed that the mean score of the post-intervention test (Mean = 16.70, Sd = 1.977) is much higher than the mean score of the pre-intervention test (Mean = 7.22, Sd = 3.068). Also the total performance scores of the entire sample put together on the post-intervention test (668) was higher than the total scores at the pre-intervention test (289). This implies that there was an improvement in performance of 39.6% during the post-intervention test This study also showed that significant difference exists between the performance of students taught with instructional materials and those taught without instructional materials. It was recommended that stakeholder should ensure regular provision of instructional materials to the SHSs to enhance teaching and learning of Physics

Source: UEW
Effect of the use of visual aids on form two pupils’ performance on blood circulatory system in humans at Don Bosco catholic JHS

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of using visual aids as an instructional tool in the teaching of circulatory systems in humans on the performance of Junior High School students. It further investigated the students‟ perception of motivation about their integrated science classroom learning environment under the visual aids and traditional teaching approaches. The study employed quasi experimental design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the two schools for the study. The sample size comprised 81 students with 39 of them in the experimental group and the remaining 42 students in the control group. The experimental group was instructed using the visual aids method while the traditional lecture approach was used for the control group. Pre-test and post-test were carried out simultaneously on both groups using teacher-made achievement test. An independent sample t test and paired sample t-test were used to analyse the scores of the achievement test. The findings indicated that students in the experimental groups achieved better results compared to those in the control group. Also, the results indicated that there was statistically significant difference in the Science achievement mean scores between the male and female students when taught with Visual aids as an instructional tool. It was also realised that students taught with visual aids were more motivational in learning the blood circulatory systems in human than the traditional method of teaching. It was recommended that teachers should incorporate the use of visual aids in the teaching of Science.

Source: UEW
Effect of the VAN Hiele Instructional Model on Students' Achievement in Geometry

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Van Hiele instructional model on students' achievement in Circle Geometry at Daffiama Senior High School in the Daffiama-Bussie-Issa District of the Upper West Region in Ghana. The purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select a sample of 75 participants for the study. The sample involved two groups: the experimental group and the control group. While teaching based on the Van Hiele model was carried out in the experimental group, teaching with the traditional method was carried out in the control group. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design. The instruments used for data collection were tests, interviews, and classroom observation. Findings from the data analysis suggested that participants were at the prerecognition level before the intervention, improved from the prerecognition level to level 2 after the intervention as the model facilitated learning. It was recommended that teachers determine the geometric thinking levels of students before instruction; the Van Hiele learning and instructional model is adopted in curriculum design and applied in the teaching of geometry and other areas of mathematics. � 2021 Edward Yalley et al.

Source: UEW