ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Relationship between leadership styles and organisational climate: a study of International Organisation for Migration in Accra, Ghana

This study examined the relationships between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, laissez-faire leadership and organizational climate as perceived by workers of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in the Accra Office, Ghana. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) 5x and the CFK Ltd. School Climate Profile were adopted, merged and used to design a Leadership-Climate Questionnaire (LCQ) for the collection of data. A census study was conducted, using all the forty-five (45) workers in the Ghana Offices in Accra. Data analysis identified a statistically significant positive relationship between transformational leadership and organizational climate; a statistically significant positive relationship between transactional leadership and organizational climate; and a statistically insignificant relationship between laissez-faire leadership and organizational climate. The study recommended that the research be replicated at other I.O.M. Offices in other countries, so as to determine the types of leadership styles and organizational climate that prevail in those regions; that a study be conducted to examine the individual factors that make up transformational leadership, and their relationship with organizational climate; and the relationship between each of the organizational climatic factors and transformational, transactional and laissezfaire leadership be analyzed. A similar study should be conducted to investigate the relationship between each of the general climate factors and transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership based on gender

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Marital Expectations and Marital Satisfaction Among Married Individuals in the Seventh - Day Adventist Church in Jomoro Municipality, Ghana

The link between marital expectations and marital satisfaction amongst husband and wife in the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the Jomoro Municipality was explored in this study. Participants included married adults of the Seventh-day Adventist church from the Jomoro Municipality. Two research questions and two hypotheses served as the basis for the investigation. For the purpose of conducting the study, the correlational research design with a quantitative approach was used. The target audience consisted of all married Seventh-day Adventists in the Jomoro Municipality, which had a total population of 621 people. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to engage 434 married individuals in the study. A standardized questionnaire on marital expectations and marital satisfaction were used to gather data from the respondents. Data on research questions 1 and 2 were analysed using means and standard deviations. Data on hypotheses 1 and 2 were however tested using simple linear regression and the PROCESS moderation analysis proposed by Hayes, using bootstrap samples. The study found a positively weak relationship between marital expectations and marital satisfaction. It was further discovered that although respondents had high levels of marital expectations and marital satisfaction, Seventh-day Adventist married individuals were not satisfied with their partner’s character, temperament as well as the interference of in-laws in their marriages. It was recommended that in-laws of married individuals should avoid excessive interferences into the marriage of Seventh-day Adventists married individuals, since excessive in-law inferences could result in marital dissatisfaction which could in turn lead to divorce or separation on the part of the married individuals.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Mathematics Teachers’ Beliefs and Instructional Practices in Selected Senior High Schools in Western Region

This study explored mathematics teachers’ beliefs and instructional practices in selected senior high schools in the Western Region. A quantitative research method embedded with a descriptive survey design was used. The primary methods of information gathering involved the use of a modified questionnaire and an observation guide. One hundred and twenty-two teachers from 10 senior high schools were recruited for this project. Pearson Product Moment Correlation, independent sample t-test, mean, and standard deviations were used to analyse the data. The findings of the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between senior high school mathematics teachers’ beliefs about mathematics and their instructional practices. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in mathematics teachers’ beliefs about mathematics based on gender. The study also found that SHS mathematics teachers held constructivist beliefs about the subject. There was no significant correlation between teachers’ years of experience and their instructional practices of teachers. Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers’ positive beliefs about mathematics should be leveraged on to encourage them to employ the constructivist approach in their mathematics teaching.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Organisational Climate and Retention of Tutors in Colleges of Education in Central Region, Ghana

his study examined the relationship between organisational climate and retention of tutors in Colleges of Education in Central Region of Ghana. A concurrent embedded mixed-methods and descriptive designs were adopted. A sample of 108 tutors, 3 Principals, and 3 Vice-Principals were used. The sample was selected through census, purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling. Semi-structured interview guide and questionnaire were used to gather data. The qualitative data were transcribed and reported verbatim. Besides, quantitative data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U test, Cross-tabulation, and Chi-Square test. This study revealed that there was a fairly good organisational climate and statistically, there was no significant difference in perceptions of organisational climate regarding male and female tutors. However, statistically a strong positive relationship emanated from organisational climate and retention of tutors. Organisational climate helped to explain approximately 33 per cent of retention decisions of tutors. In addition, relationship among employees ranked first among the salient factors. Finally, it emerged that some demographic factors have statistically no significant influence on retention of tutors, for instance, gender, age, level of education and rank. The study concluded that positive organisational climate increases the retention of tutors. Thus, it was recommended that Principals of Colleges of Education and Ghana Tertiary Education Commission (GTEC) should help improve a healthy (positive) organisational climate to retain tutors for a longer span of time and to minimise intention of tutors to quit Colleges of Education.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Organisational Climate and Retention of Tutors in Colleges of Education in Central Region, Ghana

This study examined the relationship between organisational climate and retention of tutors in Colleges of Education in Central Region of Ghana. A concurrent embedded mixed-methods and descriptive designs were adopted. A sample of 108 tutors, 3 Principals, and 3 Vice-Principals were used. The sample was selected through census, purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling. Semi-structured interview guide and questionnaire were used to gather data. The qualitative data were transcribed and reported verbatim. Besides, quantitative data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U test, Cross-tabulation, and Chi-Square test. This study revealed that there was a fairly good organisational climate and statistically, there was no significant difference in perceptions of organisational climate regarding male and female tutors. However, statistically a strong positive relationship emanated from organisational climate and retention of tutors. Organisational climate helped to explain approximately 33 per cent of retention decisions of tutors. In addition, relationship among employees ranked first among the salient factors. Finally, it emerged that some demographic factors have statistically no significant influence on retention of tutors, for instance, gender, age, level of education and rank. The study concluded that positive organisational climate increases the retention of tutors. Thus, it was recommended that Principals of Colleges of Education and Ghana Tertiary Education Commission (GTEC) should help improve a healthy (positive) organisational climate to retain tutors for a longer span of time and to minimise intention of tutors to quit Colleges of Education.

Source: UCC
Relationship between organisational culture and employee job satisfacction among nurses in the Agona District

The study examined the relationship between organizational culture and employees‟ job satisfaction among nurses at the Ghana Health Service in the Agona district in the Central Region of Ghana. The descriptive and cross-sectional designs were adopted in the study. A representative sample size of 169 was selected out of 300 total population for the study. Self-developed questionnaire was used for data collection. The descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data including means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages. Bivariate correlation analysis was conducted to identify the relationships. The product-moment correlation coefficient (r) was used for the analysis. The results revealed that the nurses had high level of satisfaction about the level of organizational culture dimension and job satisfaction. The study also revealed that the nurses were satisfied with their job. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction. It is recommended that employers, organisations, leaders, Ghana Health Service and government agencies responsible for recruitment and employment should try as much as possible to develop and maintain good organizational culture. Ghana Health Service authorities particularly, health administrators; Hospital Management Teams should encourage nurses and give them some support and organizing of regular staff meetings to share views and concerns, and development programmes to increase job satisfaction and to promote work efficiency. Digitized

Source: UCC
Relationship between parathyroid hormone and electrolytes in chronic kidney disease

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been identified as the main regulator of some electrolytes homeostasis. This study evaluated the relationship between PTH and these electrolytes as well as their ratios. The study population included 146 individuals with mean age of 50.18 ± 1.14 with various chronic kidney diseases and who were undialysed. 80 healthy subjects without kidney pathology but of similar age and sex distribution were used as controls. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the 4v-MDRD and CKD was defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. For every mmol/l increase in the serum concentration of phosphate (PO43-) (r2 = 0.78, p < 0.0001), potassium (K+) (r2 = 0.00366, p < 0.0211) and magnesium (Mg2+) (r2 = 0.2861, p < 0.0001) there was a corresponding increase in serum concentration of PTH with beta values of 0.005, 0.0007, 0.001 + 2 respectively. However, there was no linear relationship between sodium (Na ) and PTH (r = 0.0013, p = 0.6687). The serum concentration of PTH decreased, for every mmol/l increase in the serum concentrations of calcium (Ca2+) (r2 = 0.33, p < 0.0001). Excess PTH is linked with derangements in the metabolism of electrolytes like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium in subjects presenting with CKD and contributes to a plethora of complications.

Source: UCC
Relationship between Parental Involvement and Academic Performance of Senior High School Students: The Case of Ashanti Mampong Municipality of Ghana

The study explored the relationship between parental involvement in education and academic performance of senior high school students in the Ashanti Mampong Municipality of Ghana. The descriptive correlational research design was used to conduct the study. Stratified random sampling procedure was employed to select a total sample of 471 respondents made up of 186 males and 285 females. Questionnaire and test items on Mathematics and English Language were the research instruments used to collect data for the study. Data analysis was conducted by employing descriptive statistical tools (mean and standard deviation scores) to examine students’ perceived parental academic ambition and involvement in their education while the Zero-order correlation was used to examine the relationships between parental involvement in education and academic performance. The results of the study show a significant positive relationship between parental involvement in education and students’ academic performance. It is recommended from the study that parents should play a leading role in supporting their children’s education since they are the first to expose children to the social and academic world.

Source: UCC
Relationship between Playing of Wind Musical Instruments and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in a Male Nigerian Adult Population

BACKGROUND: Concern over the impact of playing wind instruments on the stomatognathic system has increased in the last few decades with many health practitioners attending to an increasing number of musical instrument players. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the effects of playing wind musical instruments on the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) of male Nigerian adults. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in the Dental clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. Fifty male Wind Instrument Players (WIPs) were recruited for the study and compared with fifty non-Wind Instrument Players (non-WIPs) of the same age, gender and environment. The temporomandibular dysfunction was assessed in both groups using Helkimo index. Reliability test demonstrated an excellent intra-rater correlation (Cronbach’s Alpha; 0.98). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17 and statistical significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The majority of participants in the WIP group (32, 64%) had mild to severe anamnestic dysfunction score compared with (20,40.0%) in the non-WIP group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The class of instruments played, number of years and frequency of play had a significant negative impact on the anamnestic dysfunction of the TMJ with statistically significant difference (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences in clinical dysfunction scores were observed in the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Playing wind instruments including the class of instrument, number of years and frequency of playing affected the TMJ function, especially anamnesis. Clinical dysfunction was not affected by playing wind instruments. WAJM 2019; 36(3): 262–266.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Psychological Distress, Cognitive Coping and Sexual Self-Efficacy of Cervical Cancer Survivors in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana

The study examined how demographic factors, psychological distress and cognitive coping relate to sexual self-efficacy and assessed how sources of self-efficacy predict sexual self-efficacy among cervical cancer survivors at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Cross-sectional survey was used. The sample size was 89 respondents and the consecutive sampling technique was employed. Questionnaire was used for data collection and the research instrument includes Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Coping Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS), Sources of Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and Multidimensional Sexual Self Concept Questionnaire (MSSCQ). The data was analysed using frequencies and percentages, One-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regressions. The study revealed that, cervical cancer survivors experienced sexual health challenges before and after diagnosis and treatment. More so, sexual self-efficacy was influenced negatively by psychological distress and positively by sources of self-efficacy. However, the differences in survivors’ age and time since treatment began had no significant influence on survivors’ sexual self-efficacy. Based on the findings, I recommend that Ghana Health Service should adopt a multi-disciplinary care approach in the management of cervical cancer, organise periodic training for health professionals on effective health worker-patient communication and also, there is the need to intensify regular nation-wide education and awareness of cervical cancer and its treatments-related sexual health challenges.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Recent Rainfall Regime Characteristics Over Southern West Africa and Associated Mesoscale Convective Systems

ABSTRACT Extreme climate events, either being linked to dry spells or extreme precipitation, are of major concern in Africa, a region in which the economy and population are highly vulnerable to climate hazards. However, recent trends in climate events are not often documented in this poorly surveyed continent. Changes in surface temperature gradients and associated changes in wind shear have been found to be important for MCS intensification in recent decades. This analysis was extended to Southern West Africa (SWA) by combining 34 years of cloud-top temperatures with rainfall and reanalysis data. This study makes use of a large set of daily rain gauge data covering Southern West Africa (extending from 10° W to 10° E and from 4° N to 12° N) from 1950 to 2014. The evolution of the number and the intensity of daily rainfall events, especially the most extremes, were analyzed at the annual and seasonal scales. The north–south seasonal changes exhibit an increase in mean annual rainfall over the last decade during the second rainy season (September–November) linked by both an increase in the frequency of occurrence of rainy days as well as an increase in the mean intensity and extreme events over the last decade. Over the south-north gradient of West Africa, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) tend to be responsible for the majority of annual rainfall. Trends in intense MCS correlate well with intense rainfall in both rainfall seasons over Southern West Africa. Coldest cloud tops (intense MCSs) tend to be modulated by positive trends in wind shear during the first rainy season and by the availability of moisture in the second rainy season, although both rainy seasons occur mainly under similar conditions.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Recent Rainfall Regime Characteristics over Southern West Africa and Associated Mesoscale Convective Systems

Extreme climate events, either being linked to dry spells or extreme precipitation, are of major concern in Africa, a region in which the economy and population are highly vulnerable to climate hazards. However, recent trends in climate events are not often documented in this poorly surveyed continent. Changes in surface temperature gradients and associated changes in wind shear have been found to be important for MCS intensification in recent decades. This analysis was extended to Southern West Africa (SWA) by combining 34 years of cloud-top temperatures with rainfall and reanalysis data. This study makes use of a large set of daily rain gauge data covering Southern West Africa (extending from 10° W to 10° E and from 4° N to 12° N) from 1950 to 2014. The evolution of the number and the intensity of daily rainfall events, especially the most extremes, were analyzed at the annual and seasonal scales. The north-south seasonal changes exhibit an increase in mean annual rainfall over the last decade during the second rainy season (September-November) linked by both an increase in the frequency of occurrence of rainy days as well as an increase in the mean intensity and extreme events over the last decade. Over the south-north gradient of West Africa, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) tend to be responsible for the majority -of annual rainfall. Trends in intense MCS correlate well with intense rainfall in both rainfall seasons over Southern West Africa. Coldest cloud tops (intense MCSs) tend to be modulated by positive trends in wind shear during the first rainy season and by the availability of moisture in the second rainy season, although both rainy seasons occur mainly under similar conditions.

Source: UCC
Relationship between regional child malnutrition differentials and food and nutrition security in northern Ghana

Traditionally, northern Ghana (defined in this study as: Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions) is noted for the production of nutritious foodstuffs such as groundnuts, beans, guinea and corn/millet that are commonly used in the preparation of healthy children food. Nevertheless, child malnutrition has been relatively high in northern Ghana with some regional variations, particularly between the periods 1993 and 2014. This thesis analyzed the regional differentials in child malnutrition and food and nutrition security in northern Ghana. Methodologically, the survey questionnaires and interview schedules approach formed the main primary data collection sources and instruments. Geographic data and information from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (1993- 2008) were the secondary data employed. Additionally, based on cross tabulation, discriminant, factor, linear regression and multiple linear regression analyses the study data were analyzed. The findings of the study revealed that significant regional differences in child malnutrition and food and nutrition security exist between the Northern, Upper East and Upper West regions. Lack of income and limited access to good food were found to be the main factors that account for child malnutrition in northern Ghana. It is recommended that the activities of the Northern Ghana Food Security Resilience Project (NGFSRP) that promotes effective and intensive agricultural production including dry season gardening and the preparation and sale of nutritious infant and child food in the Upper West and Northern regions should be extended to cover the Upper East Region.

Source: UCC
Relationship Between Safety Measures of Oil Marketing Companies and Safety Practices of Fuel Service Station Attendants in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis

The dual purposes of this study were to explore (1) the safety measures provided by the management of oil marketing companies and/or fuel stations managers and (2) relationship between these safety measures and safety practices of the fuel service station attendants. The study used a cross-sectional survey design in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis. A total of 114 pump attendants from allied oil, goil, shell and total petroleum companies participated in the study. A researcher generated questionnaire (afssaq) with an alpha of .82 was used for data collection. In general, there was a high provision of safety measures among the companies. The companies were significantly different in their safety policy enforcement f (3, 110) = 6.78, p < .05. and that shell (m = 14.83, sd = 4.50) has a higher safety policy enforcement practices than goil (m = 10.50, sd = 4.17). The companies also showed significant difference in the provision of personal protective equipment f (3, 110) = 4.71, p < .05. Thus, total petroleum (m = 12.97, sd = 3.49) provided better personal protective equipment than goil (m = 8.97, sd = 4.22). There was a low to moderate positive correlation between safety practices of the attendants and safety measures of the oil companies. However, attendants may be exposing themselves to harmful fumes due to the lack of appropriate personal protective equipment. Provision of appropriate safety measures could improve the safety practices of pump attendants in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis.

Source: UCC