ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Psychological Contract Fulfilment and Job Performance of Employees in Selected Insurance Companies in Ghana: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction

The study investigated the mediating role of job satisfaction in the association between psychological contract fulfilment and employee performance by relying on the social exchange theory. Other issues examined include psychological contract fulfilment and job satisfaction, job satisfaction and job performance and psychological contract fulfilment and job performance. The quantitative approach and causal design were employed, and primary data were collected via structured questionnaires from 476 employees in two selected insurance companies, Glico and SIC. A 341 data set was obtained and processed with the IBM SPSS and SmartPLS software. The data was then analysed with the partial least square-structural equation modelling tool. The study revealed that psychological contract fulfilment improves job satisfaction and job performance, whereas job satisfaction also improves job performance. In conclusion, job satisfaction partially mediates the association between psychological contract fulfilment and job satisfaction. It is recommended that the management of insurance companies should ensure that psychological contracts with their employees are identified and properly fulfilled to trigger job satisfaction and improve the latter’s performance levels

Source: UCC
Psychological contract violation and employee turnover intention among banks in the Cape Coast metropolis: The role of job dissatisfaction

he study examined the influence of psychological contract violation on employee turnover intention and the role job dissatisfaction plays in this relationship. This research advances the body of knowledge in the area of psychological contracts by identifying the mechanisms through which psychological contract violations translate into employee turnover intentions. The study employed the explanatory research design and quantitative research approach. The study relied on the social exchange theory, collecting data from 139 employees of banks within the Cape Coast Metropolis using structured questionnaires and analysed with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Census sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. The findings of the study confirmed the hypothesis that employees experiencing psychological contract violations raise their turnover intentions, because of the feeling of organisational betrayal, which makes them dissatisfied and detached from their work. Further job dissatisfaction also supports the hypothesis that, job dissatisfaction of employees also contributes to employee turnover intentions. And finally, job dissatisfaction partially mediated the relationship between psychological contract violation and employee turnover intention. The study underscores the multifaceted nature of the relationship between psychological contract violation, job dissatisfaction, and employee turnover intention, particularly within the banking sector of the Cape Coast Metropolis. It was recommended that; the management of banks clearly communicate expectations, responsibilities, and rewards to their employees. Further, managers and directors of banks within the metropolis should be responsive to employee concerns and take action to address them.

Source: UCC
Psychological contracts in oil marketing retail outlets: A case study in the Ga West municipality of the Greater Accrs region of Ghana

The study examines the psychological contracts in oil marketing retail outlets in the Ga West Municipality of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which employees’ and employers’ expectations in psychological contract were fulfilled in the Oil Marketing Retail outlets. Data for the study was obtained through questionnaire survey from a sample of 15 managers and 109 employees from 15 Oil Marketing Retail Outlets in the Ga West Municipality. The study revealed that the majority of the employees, except from two oil marketing outlets, were of the view that their expectation of the psychological contract was not being fulfilled. It was observed, however, that the expectations of the employers were being fulfilled. It was found that there was no significant difference in the expectations of male and female employees and that the sources of expectations from employees were mainly from friends. It was concluded that even though employees’ expectations were not fulfilled but employers’ expectations were fulfilled, job turnover was low. It was recommended that the psychological contract process needed to start at the time of employment where expectations are clearly stated and agreed upon. It was also recommended that employers do not ‘over-sell’ the advertised job so as not to set up unrealistic expectations and lower commitment.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress Among Pre-Surgical Cataract Patients At The Cape Coast Teaching Hospital

The purpose of this work was to measure overall psychological distress and specifically, levels of depression, anxiety and stress among pre-surgical cataract patients presenting at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital. One hundred and fiftyeight patients who were preparing to have cataract surgery were quantitatively assessed using the shortened form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Convenience sampling was used to recruit these participants. The study found that the overall incidence of psychological distress among presurgical cataract patients in the study was 73.4% and that patients experienced anxiety the most. In light of the findings, it was concluded that pre-surgical cataract patients experience high psychological distress, and it was recommended that clinical health psychologists should work closely with eye care professionals in the preparation of cataract patients for surgery. This collaboration will go a long way to mitigate the high psychological distress that patients experience before cataract surgery.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress and Coping Among Married Individuals Living With Type 2 Diabetes Attenidng the Efua Nkwanta Hospital in the Sekondi Takoradi Metropolis

This study employed a descriptive survey to assess psychological distress and coping among married individuals with type 2 diabetes attending the Efua Nkwanta Hospital in Takoradi. Using a convenient sampling technique, a total number of 120 married people having type 2 diabetes were used. Questionnaires were adopted to collect data. Frequencies and percentages, Pearson’s Product Moment correlation and independent samples t-test were used in analysing data. This inquiry found that many respondents had moderate, moderate to high and severe levels of stress, anxiety and depression, respectively. Stress, anxiety and depression all had a relationship with each other. Further, no substantial variation was found in the degrees or magnitude of stress, anxiety and depression of with sex. It was concluded that most of the respondents encountered moderate magnitude of stress, moderate to high levels of anxiety and severe depressive symptoms. The study recommended that clinical health psychologists at the Efua Nkwanta Hospital should help type 2 diabetics to manage their psychological distress.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress And Coping Mechanisms Among Caregivers Of Children Living With Cerebral Palsy

Caregivers of children living with cerebral palsy often face significant psychological distress in their daily routines. Cerebral palsy, a nonprogressive but incurable condition, leads to lifelong functional disabilities and is prevalent among children in developing countries. This study aimed to uncover the psychological distress that Ghanaian caregivers of children with cerebral palsy experience. Employing a convergent parallel mixed method design, the study utilised a purposive and snowballing sampling approaches, involving a total of 65 caregivers. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 respondents, while 55 respondents participated in the quantitative aspect. The findings revealed that caregivers experienced various forms of psychological distress, including disorientation, worry, sadness, fear, rejection, and anger. Coping mechanisms employed by caregivers included humour, avoidance, acceptance, faith or religion, seeking support from professional advice or support groups, and relying on family support. The study found that avoidant coping and problem-focused coping significantly predicted anxiety among caregivers (B= .619, t=3.414, p=.001; B= .331, t=2.308, p=.025, respectively). Avoidant coping also emerged as a significant predictor of depression (B= .477, t=2.382, p=.021) among caregivers. In conclusion, this study highlights that, caregivers of children with cerebral palsy experience psychological distress in the form of depression, stress, and anxiety. Caregivers employ coping strategies, but these strategies may inadvertently increase their distress levels.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress and Coping Strategies of Caregivers of Children With Chronic Conditions in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

Using the family systems theory and the transactional model of stress and coping, the study assessed the coping strategies employed by caregivers of children with chronic conditions (Epilepsy and Sickle Cell Disease) and the psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress) they experienced in the course of caregiving. The descriptive survey research design was employed and a sample size of 156 caregivers was selected using quota sampling procedure. Questionnaire consisting of adapted DASS 21 was used to collect data on psychological distress whilst data on coping strategies were collected using the Brief Coping Inventory. Descriptive statistics were used in analyzing some research questions while inferential statistics were used to compare differences and relationships among variables using SPSS version 22.0. It was found among other things that more than half of the caregivers of children with SCD have severe to extreme levels of stress whilst only 25.6% of the caregivers of children with epilepsy were found to experience severe to extreme levels of stress. Active and religious coping were found to be the most used coping strategies by both categories of caregivers. There were differences in the levels of psychological distress experienced by caregivers of children with SCD based on their gender but no differences were found in caregivers of children with Epilepsy based on gender. Support systems such as psychotherapy, health education, social and financial support to ease the burden of caregiving on caregivers are recommended.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress And Coping Strategies Of Ghanaian Military Peacekeepers In Peace Support Operations

This research study explored the topic “Psychological Distress and Coping Strategies of Ghanaian Military Peacekeepers in Peace Support Operations.” The study was guided by the biopsychosocial and the transactional stress models. It adopted a quantitative research design through surveys to investigate the experiences of Ghanaian military peacekeepers during peace support operations. Three hundred and seven (307) participants from the Ghana Armed Forces aged 23-57 who were serving in Peace Support Operations (PSOs) were chosen for the study using purposive sampling. The primary objectives were to measure the levels of psychological distress as well as the coping strategies of these Ghanaian peacekeepers. The study also investigated the difference between age groups in the coping strategies and also investigated the relationship between psychological distress and their coping strategies. Questionnaires that included standardised measures such as DASS 21, Brief Symptom Inventory and the Brief Cope were used in collecting data. To test the various hypotheses, one-way MANOVA, Multiple Regression analysis, Pearson product moment correlation and Spearman rank correlation tests were utilised. Most military peacekeepers displayed significant levels of psychological distress. The study also uncovered that maladaptive coping strategies were prevalent among these soldiers. Another finding from the study was the positive correlation between psychological distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms among the soldiers. It is advised that military high command give peacekeepers access to cognitive health assistance throughout the time of PSOs. Additionally, it is very essential to promote the integration of training in adaptive cooping systems. Finally, the military must promote peer support initiatives among peacekeepers as a culture.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress And Intention To Quit: The Role Of Compensation Among Second-Cycle Institution Teachers In Cape Coast

The primary aim of this research was to explore the connection between psychological distress, its dimensions, and the intention to quit among teachers in Second Cycle Institutions within the Cape Coast Metropolis. The study utilized a quantitative research approach with cross-sectional survey and an explanatory research design. It focused on teachers in second-cycle institutions in Cape Coast Metropolis, involving a total sample of 169 participants who completed a questionnaire as the data collection instrument. The study accomplished its objectives by employing a structural equation model. The findings of the study showed a positive and significant relationship between psychological distress and the intention to quit. Moreover, a positive and significant relationship was observed between psychological distress, its dimensions, and teachers' intention to resign. Furthermore, the study showed a positive and significant relationship between compensation and teachers' intention to quit. Importantly, the study demonstrated that compensation played a full moderating role in the relationship between psychological distress (both emotional and physiological) and the intention to quit. Therefore, compensation effectively moderated the relationship between psychological distress and the intention to quit. As a practical recommendation, the study suggested that secondary school principals in the Cape Coast Metropolis should actively implement measures aimed at enhancing teachers' commitment to remaining in the teaching profession.

Source: UCC
Psychological distress and social support on quality of life of nurses of HIV/AIDS in the Cape Coast Metropolis

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the relationship psychological distress and social support have on the quality of life of nurses who take care of HIV/AIDS patients in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. One hundred and five (105) respondents were recruited by purpose and census to participate. Depression, Anxiety and Stress variables were screened with DASS-21. Social Support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support while Quality of Life was also measured using WHOQOL-Bref. Seventy-four point three per cent (74.3%) of the respondents were females. Age ranged from 18 – 50, 81 – 25 recorded the highest frequency (57.1%). Seventy-seven point one per cent (77.1%) were never married, and forty-two point nine per cent (42.9%) were not satisfied with their income level. Anxiety and depression were found to have negative correlation with quality of life with anxiety: r=-0.253*, p<0.05, and depression: r=-0.260*, p<0.05 significant values. Stress was however found to have no significant relationship with quality of life (r=-0.180, p>0.05) Social support was found to have positive correlation with quality of life (r=0.503*, p<0.05). Demographic variables were found to have no relationship with quality of life (r=0.33, 0.70, 0.77, 0.67 and 0.56, p>0.05 for gender, age, marital status, type of nursing and income level satisfaction respectively). Finally, social support moderated the relationship between psychological distress and quality of life; change in R2=3.4% (0.034x100; p<0.05). It is therefore suggested to policy makers to strengthen the social support of nurses caring for PLWHA. Implications for clinical practice and further studies are discussed.

Source: UCC
Psychological Distress and Well-being of Healthcare Workers Amid Covid-19 Pandemic: the Moderating Role Of Coping Mechanisms

Healthcare workers are amongst the high-risk group to acquire COVID-19 infection (Minder & Peltier, 2020). Therefore, they are vulnerable to complex emotional reactions and psychological distress (Bai, Yao, Wei, Tian, Jin, Chen & Wang, 2020). Using a positivist paradigm, the study examined the level of psychological distress and psychological well-being of healthcare workers amid the pandemic and the role of coping mechanisms as a moderator. A sample of 115 respondents was recruited for the study. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-being, and Brief-COPE were administered to participants in this descriptive survey. Data was analysed using frequencies and percentages, multivariate regression, independent samples t-test, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Hayes PROCCESS Approach. The study found that close to half of the respondents experienced psychological distress. Result also showed that healthcare workers had good psychological well-being amid the pandemic. Further analysis revealed no significant gender variation. The study concludes that some healthcare workers experienced psychological distress and that problem-focused coping is a good moderator. In view of this, it was recommended that Nkwanta South Municipal Health Directorate put in place mechanisms to address psychological issues confronting healthcare workers in the municipality. Besides, the study recommends that clinical health psychologists should educate their clients on various problem-focused coping strategies for appropriate usage.

Source: UCC
Psychological distress, resilience, social support and help-seeking behaviors in patients with type ii diabetes, breast cancer and hypertension

Recent research suggests that there is a changing pattern in the illness from infectious or acute diseases to more chronic health conditions; this leads to emotional and psychological problems. Having psychological problems impairs an individual’s ability to be resilient in the face of adversity. However this has been ignored by research. The purpose of this study was to examine psychological distress and resilience in patients with specific chronic diseases: Type 2 diabetes, breast cancer, and hypertension. The study also focuses on exploring the major help-seeking behaviours that prevent patients from seeking psychological support. Using the stratified sampling technique, the study sample 83 Type 2 diabetes, 43 breast cancer and 88 hypertensive patients form the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital. Participants answered a 46 item questionnaire that measured psychological distress, resilience, social support as well as help-seeking behaviours of patients. Severe psychological distress was prevalent in half of the sample while over a third of participants reported low resilience. Resilience was significantly and negatively correlated with psychological distress and social support did not moderate this relationship. Differences were found in both psychological distress and resilience based on type of disease. Also a difference was found in resilience based on employment status but on level of education. It was concluded that patients with chronic conditions are likely to develop psychological and emotional problems and this affects their ability to cope with their condition. It was recommended that treatment should adopt a holistic (Biopsychosocial) approach.

Source: UCC
Psychological Effects of Domestic Violence on Children and Their Coping Strategies in Keta and Ketu South District Assemblies

Over the years, researchers and clinical psychologists have focused on domestic violence and its consequences on children. The primary goal of this study was to look into the psychological impact of domestic abuse on children and the coping techniques they utilize in the Volta Region of Ghana's Keta and Ketu South Municipality assembly. The study used a cross-sectional design and an easy sampling technique to choose 130 youngsters from the Ketu and Keta Districts. The participants were asked to complete a survey that included the DASS-21 and the Kids Cope Scale. The information was analyzed using Means and standard deviation were calculated, and MANOVA was used for additional statistical analysis. Controlling, verbal, and physical abuse were among the most common forms of domestic violence experienced by children, according to the findings. Again, the findings demonstrated that stress is one of the most common types of psychological effects children face when they are subjected to domestic violence. Victims of domestic violence used problem-focused coping as a coping method. In this study, no gender differences in the psychological impacts and coping methods of child victims of domestic abuse were discovered. Stress is widespread among victims of domestic abuse, according to the findings. It was suggested that more attention be paid to assisting victims of domestic abuse in dealing appropriately with their experiences

Source: UCC
Psychological Sense Of Community, Work Attitude And Technological Pedagogy As Predictors Of Turnover Intentions Among Public Colleges Of Education Tutors In Ghana

Framed through the correlational research design, this study examined the psychological sense of community, work attitude (i .e., job satisfaction and employee commitment) and technological pedagogy as predictors of turnover intentions of college of education tutors in Ghana. Two hundred and seventynine tutors participated in the study, and a questionnaire was used for data collection. The study employed a correlational design. Data on the research question was analysed with percentages, means and standard deviation, whereas multiple regression was used to test the hypotheses. Though the study revealed a high level of turnover intentions among the tutors, their psychological sense of community, job satisfaction and commitment were also high, coupled with a low level of technological pedagogy. Tutors' turnover intentions were significantly predicted by their sense of community and work attitude (i .e., job satisfaction and commitment). Quite intriguing, tutors' technological pedagogy also significantly predicted their turnover intentions (i .e., the lower their technological pedagogy, the higher their turnover intentions). These findings are relevant to governing bodies of the colleges of education in Ghana in modifying the existing practices in the colleges by adopting ways of increasing tutors' technological pedagogy to reduce turnover intentions. In particular, the governing bodies are encouraged to organise workshops and other on-the-job training programmes to enhance tutors' technological knowledge and skills since technology is progressively becoming a chief medium for delivering content at the colleges of education. Also, the government should give particular attention to the turnover intentions of tutors in order not to lose experienced tutors.

Source: UCC