ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Residents’ Emotional Attitude and Response Toward Tourists in Kwahu Traditional Area, Ghana

Emotion has been found to play an important but invisible role in the relationship between residents and tourists in contemporary tourism literature. However, research has neglected the influence of residents’ emotional sentiment towards tourists and how this evokes their response toward tourists and tourism development. Thus, this research sought to assess residents’ emotional attitude and response towards tourists. Data was obtained through survey, in-depth interviews and FGDs from residents of Kwahu Traditional Area of Ghana from 670 heads of household and 39 opinion leaders from 27th April to 7th May 2019. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Chi-square Test of Independence and descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the survey data, whiles NVivo 11, was used to analyse qualitative data into themes. The result indicates that residents’ have different perceptions about tourists. The findings also revealed that, residents’ emotional state was positive and exhibited a higher level of emotional connectedness with tourists. This reflected in their acceptance response towards the support of tourism industry in KTA. Further analysis revealed that, residents’ shared beliefs and behaviour, socio-economic benefits and emotional attachment to tourists are the main determinants of residents’ emotional attitude towards tourists. Based on the findings, it was concluded that residents are emotionally connected to tourism and therefore support tourism industry. It was recommended that the District Assemblies and Ghana Tourist Authority should intensify their collaboration with other private sectors to promote more attractive touristic activities in addition to paragliding to entice more tourists since the residents in the area are emotionally connected to tourists and support tourism industry in Kwahu Traditional Area.

Source: UCC
Residents’ experiences with Tourism as a livelihood strategy in Wli, Ghana

The role of tourism in rural livelihood enhancement continues to be a subject of debate among academia and practitioners. This study delves into this debate by assessing the experiences of residents who have adopted tourism as livelihood strategy in Wli, Ghana within the context of the sustainable livelihood approach. A case study design with a qualitative approach was adopted for the study. Data was obtained from 38 study participants between November and December 2016. Twenty-seven (27) of them were engaged in tourism-related livelihood activities in the community and the remaining eleven (11) were representatives of institutions/organisations involved in tourism governance in Wli. Findings from the study showed that tourism has provided livelihood diversification opportunities for residents in the community especially in the areas of accommodation and food and beverage operations, guiding services and souvenir trade. The nature of the tourism-related livelihood activities enabled the residents to transfer their existing skills and knowledge. Furthermore, it emerged that these opportunities have positively contributed towards the achievement of residents’ livelihood objectives. Nevertheless, there was weak institutional support for tourism-related livelihood activities in the community. In addition, there were challenges with access to credit and unhealthy competition and mistrust among tourism enterprises. The study therefore recommends that the Hohoe Municipal Assembly, the Ghana Tourism Authority, community level institutions and other relevant stakeholders provide more support for tourism-related livelihood activities in Wli in order to strengthen tourism’s effectiveness as a livelihood strategy in the community.

Source: UCC
Residents’ experiences with tourism as a livelihood strategy in Wli, Ghana

The role of tourism in rural livelihood enhancement continues to be a subject of debate among academia and practitioners. This study delves into this debate by assessing the experiences of residents who have adopted tourism as livelihood strategy in Wli, Ghana within the context of the sustainable livelihood approach. A case study design with a qualitative approach was adopted for the study. Data was obtained from 38 study participants between November and December 2016. Twenty-seven (27) of them were engaged in tourism-related livelihood activities in the community and the remaining eleven (11) were representatives of institutions/organisations involved in tourism governance in Wli. Findings from the study showed that tourism has provided livelihood diversification opportunities for residents in the community especially in the areas of accommodation and food and beverage operations, guiding services and souvenir trade. The nature of the tourism-related livelihood activities enabled the residents to transfer their existing skills and knowledge. Furthermore, it emerged that these opportunities have positively contributed towards the achievement of residents’ livelihood objectives. Nevertheless, there was weak institutional support for tourism-related livelihood activities in the community. In addition, there were challenges with access to credit and unhealthy competition and mistrust among tourism enterprises. The study therefore recommends that the Hohoe Municipal Assembly, the Ghana Tourism Authority, community level institutions and other relevant stakeholders provide more support for tourism-related livelihood activities in Wli in order to strengthen tourism’s effectiveness as a livelihood strategy in the community

Source: UCC
Residents’ perception of socio-economic impact of oil and gas operations in the ellembelle district of Western region of Ghana

Petroleum production has been found to provide immense benefits in areas of job creation and revenue generation to host countries across the globe. Arguably, petroleum production in Ghana has not translated into the expected economic and socio-cultural wealth of host communities. This study, therefore, examined economic and socio-cultural impact of the oil and gas operations in the Ellembelle District, Western Region of Ghana. The study employed the mixed research approach and descriptive design. It was found that oil and gas operations have resulted in shortages of housing units, increased market connectivity, loss of livelihoods, resource related disputes and threat to the quality of ecological life. It was also found that majority (64.2%) of residents in host communities were highly dissatisfied with oil and gas operations because these companies were unwilling to improve their operations to suit the needs of residents. It was therefore recommended that policy makers in the oil and gas sector implement policies aimed at improving the operations of the oil and gas companies.

Source: UCC
Residents’ perception of tourism impact in Ankasa Conservation Area

Tourism which has been described by some tourism scholars as multifaceted industry, generating huge revenue for various governments may impact positively or negatively on socio-cultural, economic and environmental segments of local tourism communities or destinations. The study assessed local residents` perception of tourism impact on socio-cultural and economic activities and the environment in communities surrounding Ankasa Conservation Area. Though, there are many factors which influence residents’ perception of tourism, ten factors were examined. The Social Exchange Theory which is a behavioural theory was employed to guide the research. Since, the research is purely quantitative, a total of 267 respondents were sampled from Ghana-Nungua and Old Ankasa for interview. Questionnaires were administered using face-to-face interview strategy to gather the needed information. Analysis of the data obtained identified that though, tourism had some positive impacts on the environment its contribution to socio-cultural and economic benefits was very insignificant in the local communities. As a result, it is recommended that the District Assembly, Ghana Tourism Authority, the Forestry Commission, Civil Society groups as well as residents meet periodically to discuss and share opinions on how best to strategize to ensure sustained growth of the industry in the local communities so that its positive impacts are felt in the lives of the people.

Source: UCC
Residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards urban solid waste management in the Berekum Municipality

Solid waste management has become a daunting task for local government authorities who seem to lack the capability to deal with the escalating waste situation. Meanwhile, the design and implementation of municipal solid waste management systems require adequate analysis of existing behaviour patterns of key stakeholders, including their attitudes, perceptions, and values. The study therefore sought to investigate residents’ perceptions and attitudes towards urban solid waste management in the Berekum Municipality in the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana. Questionnaires for the study were administered to 150 randomly selected households in the Berekum Municipality. The study found that residents recognized solid waste management as a major problem confronting the municipality and expected it to deteriorate further in the near future. They attributed this menace to inadequate provision of waste bins and the habit of indiscriminate dumping by residents. It was also found that residents did not currently pay for waste management services rendered to them. They however expressed willingness to pay for improved waste management services. The study therefore recommends adequate supply of containers, intensive public education and enforcement of by-laws on solid waste management, and introduction of user fees for waste management services.

Source: UCC
Residents’ Perceptions of Air Pollution in the Accra Metropolis, Ghana

Air pollution is one of the most serious of all environmental issues confronting mankind today. People's knowledge of air pollution's existence helps them to be more prepared, and their attitudes based on the decisions they make are crucial in reducing its threat to human health. This study sought to assess residents’ perception of Air pollution in the Accra Metropolis. Quantitative research methods in the form of structured questionnaires were distributed to 400 randomly selected households in the Accra Metropolis. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis of residents' demographic characteristics and their perceptions were conducted using Statistical Package and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 26. The study concluded that most of the respondents used for the study were aware of air pollution. However, awareness about many sources of air pollution was low in some groups like the less educated and elderly. The study also showed residents of the study were willing to improve their attitude by constantly using personal protective measures like masks and handkerchief since it has a role in protecting against air pollution hazards. A statistically significant positive relationship was observed between environmentally friendly practices and attitudes in the study area. It is therefore recommended that educational campaigns among residents should be intensified with the focus being on perceptional change helping them to become more knowledgeable about air pollution. Also, environmental authorities should dedicate resources to long-term monitoring and maintenance of monitoring stations located in residential areas and also have a way to track local air quality management.

Source: UCC
Residents’ perceptions of the 2008 Confederation of African Cup (CAN 2008) event

This paper examines residents’ expectations of the 2008 Confederation of African Cup of Nations. Data was obtained through a questionnaire survey of 1308 residents of the host communities in January, 2008. Factor analysis was performed to determine the major variables that influence residents’ expectations, whilst T-test and Analysis of variance were used to explore differences across socio-demographic groupings. It was found that residents had mixed expectations about the event and anticipated both costs and benefits. Specifically, there was high expectation of economic rewards ranging from investment opportunities through employment to tax revenue whilst at the same time there were concerns about increase in commercial sex workers and possible spread of HIV/Aids. It was concluded that hosting of events including international sport generate both anxiety and high expectations among some elements of the community. Planners are therefore encouraged to moderate expectations and assuage anxieties

Source: UCC
Residents’ perceptions of tourism in bobiri forest and butterfly sanctuary, Ashanti Region

As part of the efforts to sustain the tourism industry, tourism planners and developers are required to monitor and evaluate tourism projects, bearing in mind the perceptions of host communities in order to gain their support and goodwill. The study assessed residents’ perceptions of tourism in Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used for the data collection. Interview schedules were used to collect data from 200 household heads residing in communities around Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary. Views of four (4) key informants were solicited through interview guide. Chi-square statistics, Factor analysis, T-test and ANOVA were used to analyses the data. It was revealed that residents perceived both positive and negative impacts of tourism development, but were more inclined to the positive environmental impact than the socio-cultural and economic impacts. Respondents’ were fairly well represented in tourism related decisions concerning the Bobiri Forest project. Residents’ participation in the project was mainly coercive or induced form and preferred future tourism development to be on large scale. It is recommended that the Forestry Research Institute of Ghana (FORIG) in partnership with the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Creative Arts should manage the impacts of tourism and also encourage greater community participation in the Bobiri Forest project.

Source: UCC
Residents’ perspectives on the environmental impacts of urban tourism in Cape Coast: implications for sustainable tourism development

As a corollary to urbanization, cities and towns have become increasingly attractive to tourists, because of the concentration of museums, galleries, shopping centres, theatres, restaurants and other cultural attractions. Though the growth in urban tourism offers a number of socio-economic benefits for residents of host cities and towns, it has also affected the local residents in many ways, including pollution and degradation of the environment. There is, however, increasing concern about the environmental impacts of tourism in urban areas. This study sought to analyze the perceived environmental impacts of urban tourism from the perspective of residents of Cape Coast and examine the implications for sustainable urban tourism development. A cross-sectional household survey of 245 local residents was conducted. Results of the study indicate that though residents perceived urban tourism as having some positive environmental impacts, they were concerned about its negative impacts in terms of crowding, traffic congestion, littering, and waste disposal problems. It is recommended that city authorities and the Ghana Tourism Authority should capitalize on the perceived positive environmental impacts of tourism by using tourism as a tool for the reinforcement of environmental conservation

Source: UCC
Resistance mechanisms of late leaf spot and rosette diseases in drought tolerant groundnut genotypes

Groundnut has been identified as less susceptible to drought which produces moderate yield under drought conditions. Also, drought can enhance effects of late leaf spot and groundnut rosette diseases. However, to reduce rate of the damage by these constraints, plants produce various defensive metabolites. This investigation was undertaken to study how drought tolerant groundnut genotypes respond under late leaf spot and rosette diseases. Eleven drought tolerant genotypes, comprising 4 resistance to both diseases, 4 resistant to leaf spot and 3 resistant to rosette disease were selected for the study. The experiments were conducted in the screen house at two locations (Namulonge and Kabanyolo) and arranged in a complete randomized design. Diseases and drought were artificially imposed two weeks after germination. Data collected included aphid counts, chlorophyll, phenolic and tannin content. The analysis of variance showed significant differences (P

Source: UCC
Resistance to Organisational Change: A Case Study of Oti Yeboah Complex Limited

impediments to organisational expansion and growth due to its negative repercussions. This study therefore sought to investigate the factors that influence resistance to organisational change at Oti-Yeboah Complex Limited. Descriptive survey design was adopted to collect information using stratified sampling and self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, bi-variate correlation, regression analysis and t-test were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that less employee participation in decision making and lack of trust in management contributed highly to resistance at Oti-Yeboah Complex Limited. In addition, factors such as lack of motivation, poor channels of communication, and information exchange also contributed to resistance. The study suggests that management should encourage employee participation in decision making, build confidence, accept constructive criticism, be transparent and communicate clearly the need for change to employees.

Source: UCC
Resistance to pirimiphos-methyl in West African Anopheles is spreading via duplication and introgression of the Ace1 locus

Vector population control using insecticides is a key element of current strategies to prevent malaria transmission in Africa. The introduction of effective insecticides, such as the organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl, is essential to overcome the recurrent emergence of resistance driven by the highly diverse Anopheles genomes. Here, we use a population genomic approach to investigate the basis of pirimiphos-methyl resistance in the major malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae and A. coluzzii. A combination of copy number variation and a single non-synonymous substitution in the acetylcholinesterase gene, Ace1, provides the key resistance diagnostic in an A. coluzzii population from Côte d’Ivoire that we used for sequence-based association mapping, with replication in other West African populations. The Ace1 and substitution and duplications occur on a unique resistance haplotype that evolved in A. gambiae and introgressed into A. coluzzii, and is now common in West Africa probably due to cross-resistance with previously used insecticides. Our fndings highlight the phenotypic value of this complex resistance haplotype and clarify its evolutionary history, providing tools to understand the current and future effectiveness of pirimiphos-methyl based interventions

Source: UCC
Resistance to thaumasite form of sulphate attack of blended cement mortars

Resistance to thaumasite form of sulphate attack of blended cement mortars This study concerns the resistance against thaumasite form of sulphate attack on Portland cement reference with high volume ground granulated blastfurnace slag, fly ash and ground basaltic pumice exposed to tap water (5% magnesium sulphate) for ten years. The separate and intergrinding methods, two fineness (250 m2 /kg and 500 m2 kg) and 30% proportions of each of the different additives were employed in equal amounts by weight. The development of the microstructure and the secondary minerals in the plain and blended cements were studied via polarising microscopy on thin sections and on undisturbed lumps of specimens by scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDAX) analysis. A series of mechanical tests of cement mortars were undertaken on all specimens. The development of the microstructural features and the formation of the secondary minerals in pores were coherent to the increase in sulphate resistance. The presence of thaumasite together with ettringite in some specimens reflects the incomplete transformation phase of hydration. However, despite the numerous studies conducted on the relation of hydration and hydrolysis with reference to cement hardening, the hydration-bound hardening phenomenon coupled with thaumasite morphology and matrix and/or pore space orientations are recommended for further investigation. The use of the pozzolans/ground granulated blast furnace slag and basaltic pumice improved the sulphate resistance of the cement mortars, where specimen E yielded the highest sulphate resistance-highest TSA resistance. attack on Portland cement reference with high volume ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash and ground basaltic pumice exposed to tap water (5% magnesium sulphate) for ten years. The separate and intergrinding methods, two fineness (250m2/kg and 500 m2/kg) and 30% proportions of each of the different additives were employed in equal amounts by weight. The development of the microstructure and the secondary minerals in the plain and blended cements were studied via polarizing microscopy on thin sections and on undisturbed lumps of specimens by scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDAX) analysis. A series of mechanical tests of cement mortars were undertaken on all specimens. The development of the microstructural features and the formation of the secondary minerals in pores were coherent to the increase in sulphate resistance. The presence of thaumasite together with ettringite in some specimens reflects the incomplete transformation phase of hydration. However, despite the numerous studies conducted on the relation of hydration and hydrolysis with reference to cement hardening, the hydration-bound hardening phenomenon coupled with thaumasite morphology and matrix and/or pore space orientations are recommended for further investigation. The use of the pozzolans/ground granulated blast furnace slag and basaltic pumice improved the sulphate resistance of the cement mortars, where specimen E yielded the highest sulphate resistance-highest TSA resistance

Source: UCC
The resolution and management of intra-church conflicts and its implications for church and state: A case study of the Evangel church and Assemblies of God conflict

This study is premised on the assumption that the body of Christ is today plagued by numerous internal conflicts resulting in breakaways or divisions because the appropriate conflict resolution and management mechanisms are not used to manage and resolve them when they do occur. Using a methodology based on a combination of the purposive and stratified random sampling techniques coupled with both qualitative and quantitative analysis of data collected, a case study was done on the 2002 Evangel Church Assemblies of God conflict. The major findings of the research indicate that Assemblies of God, Ghana does not have a functional conflict resolution and management mechanism. It was also confirmed that the major causes of conflicts in the church include poor communication skills, poor administrative structures, the absence of well written and generally accepted church constitution and the reliance on obsolete and unbiblical church traditions and doctrines. By way of its implications for church and state, we are sitting on a time bomb because many churches, especially the Pentecostal-charismatic churches, Para-church and religious organizations in general (who control a greater percentage of the population in Ghana), have similar situations as it pertains in Assemblies of God, Ghana, given some recent events in some of them.

Source: UCC