ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on Sustainability Indicators of Oil-marketing Companies in Ghana: the Case of Ghana Oil Company and Total Petroleum

ABSTRACT Exchange rate volatility affects both macroeconomic and microeconomic variables, yet little is known about the effect of exchange rate volatility on the sustainability indicators of Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) in Ghana. Using data from two OMCs (Ghana Oil Company Limited and Total Petroleum), this study analyses the differential effect of exchange rate volatility on the liquidity, growth level, firm size and the financial leverage of Ghana Oil Company and Total Petroleum. The study uses fixed and random effect estimation methods to achieve the above stated objectives. The study found out that exchange rate volatility has a significant negative effect on the liquidity of the two OMCs in Ghana. Exchange rate volatility was also found out to have an inverse effect on the growth of OMCs in Ghana. In analogous estimation, exchange rate volatility had a similar cascading effect on OMCs firm size and growth level in Ghana. In terms of policy recommendations, the Bank of Ghana should adopt a fixed exchange rate regime in order to help protect domestic Oil Marketing Companies in Ghana. Managers of Oil Marketing Companies should pay much attention and keep themselves abreast with happenings on the forex market as well as hedge the prices of the product in the international market.

Source: UCC
Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on Sustainability Indicators of Oil-marketing Companies in Ghana: the Case of Ghana Oil Company and Total Petroleum

Exchange rate volatility affects both macroeconomic and microeconomic variables, yet little is known about the effect of exchange rate volatility on the sustainability indicators of Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) in Ghana. Using data from two OMCs (Ghana Oil Company Limited and Total Petroleum), this study analyses the differential effect of exchange rate volatility on the liquidity, growth level, firm size and the financial leverage of Ghana Oil Company and Total Petroleum. The study uses fixed and random effect estimation methods to achieve the above stated objectives. The study found out that exchange rate volatility has a significant negative effect on the liquidity of the two OMCs in Ghana. Exchange rate volatility was also found out to have an inverse effect on the growth of OMCs in Ghana. In analogous estimation, exchange rate volatility had a similar cascading effect on OMCs firm size and growth level in Ghana. In terms of policy recommendations, the Bank of Ghana should adopt a fixed exchange rate regime in order to help protect domestic Oil Marketing Companies in Ghana. Managers of Oil Marketing Companies should pay much attention and keep themselves abreast with happenings on the forex market as well as hedge the prices of the product in the international market.

Source: UCC
Effect of exposure to solid wastes in relation to employment duration on some important markers of health and disease in waste management workers of Ogun State in southwest Nigeria

Waste management workers (WMWs) around the world are at risk of work-related health disorders. The influence of employment duration on individuals occupationally exposed to solid waste was investigated in this study. The study comprised (n ¼ 280) 180 WMWs and 100 controls. Employment duration was obtained from questionnaire survey and categorized into three groups: group I (0.5–2 years), group II (>2–4 years) and group III (>4–6 years). Blood sample (10 ml) was collected from the antecubital vein of subjects for analysis. WMWs exhibited significantly (p < 0.001) elevated inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and ceruloplasmin (Cp)) relative to control. While Cp increased, ESR and CRP decreased with increasing WMWs’ employment duration. Alteration in oxidant/antioxidant markers was characterized by significant (p < 0.001) decrease in ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and catalase activity together with marked (p < 0.01) elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and uric acid (UA). TBARS, UA and FRAP increased while catalase decreased with WMWs’ employment duration. In addition, WMWs exhibited significantly (p < 0.01) elevated immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG, which also increased and decreased, respectively, with job duration. The significantly (p < 0.01) decreased haemoglobin and haematocrit levels as well as the significantly (p < 0.001) elevated total leukocytes in WMWs increased with employment duration. Alanine aminotransferase increased and albumin decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in WMWs, and these changes also increased and decreased, respectively, with job duration. Data suggest that levels of alteration of important systemic markers of health/disease are related to WMWs’ employment or exposure duration.

Source: UCC
Effect of extensive reading on the readability of children with reading difficulties

The study investigated the effect of extensive reading on the readability of children with reading difficulties. The research design adopted for the study was experimental design specifically the quasi experimental design. A sample of 90 children was sampled using simple random sampling and purposive techniques. The experimental group consisted of 40 children and the control group consisted of 50 children. The major instrument used for data collection was reading tests. The study revealed that Partner Reading (PR) and Repeated Reading (RR) are effective and significant approaches that can be used to improve children’s reading abilities. There was a statistical significant difference in the scores of children in the experimental group and children in the control group. The study also found that Read Aloud (RA) approach is not an effective approach or strategy to help children with reading difficulties since Post-hoc comparisons using the Games-Howell test revealed that the mean score for Read Aloud was significantly different from Partner Reading and Repeated Reading. The study recommended that school heads, administrators and teachers should make a conscious effort to screen pupils in primary three to ascertain their reading abilities. Ministry of Education (MOE) in collaboration with school heads should provide in-service training to teachers to enable them acquire the requisite skills and strategies that will help children who face challenges in reading in remedial teaching.

Source: UCC
Effect of Farm Size on Efficiency, Ploughing Technology and Food Security among Maize Farmers in the Northern Region of Ghana

Farm size has been identified as a significant determinant of resource use efficiency, household food security and choice of improved agricultural methods. However, empirical literature is replete with controversies concerning the exact nature of this relationship. This study examined the relationship between farm size, efficiency, ploughing technology and household food security among maize farmers in three districts of the Northern Region of Ghana by addressing some of the methodological weaknesses in existing studies with respect to the use of cross-sectional dataset and skewed preferences for the two-stage estimation procedure. Employing a three-year balanced panel dataset on 787 households, the study the examined the relationship between farm size and efficiency. With the same sample, the study also investigated the relationship between farm size and choice of ploughing technology using the multinomial probit regression model, and the association between form size and household food security using a probit regression model. Empirical results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between farm size and efficiency. It was also established that farm size had a significant positive influence on choice of ploughing technology whereas there was no statistically significant relationship between farm size and household food security. Findings from this study have implications for designing land consolidation initiatives and public policies on improving household food security through the adoption of fertiliser and fostering participation in social network as well as livestock production.

Source: UCC
Effect of Farm Size on Efficiency, Ploughing Technology and Food Security Among Maize Farmers in The Northern Region of Ghana

Farm size has been identified as a significant determinant of resource use efficiency, household food security and choice of improved agricultural methods. However, empirical literature is replete with controversies concerning the exact nature of this relationship. This study examined the relationship between farm size, efficiency, ploughing technology and household food security among maize farmers in three districts of the Northern Region of Ghana by addressing some of the methodological weaknesses in existing studies with respect to the use of cross-sectional dataset and skewed preferences for the two-stage estimation procedure. Employing a three-year balanced panel dataset on 787 households, the study examined the relationship between farm size and efficiency. With the same sample, the study also investigated the relationship between farm size and choice of ploughing technology using the multinomial probit regression model, and the association between farm size and household food security using a probit regression model. Empirical results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between farm size and efficiency. It was also established that farm size had a significant positive influence on choice of ploughing technology whereas there was no statistically significant relationship between farm size and household food security. Findings from this study have implications for designing land consolidation initiatives and public policies on improving household food security through the adoption of fertiliser and fostering participation in social network as well as livestock production.

Source: UCC
Effect of Feminine Leadership on Job Crafting Behaviour: The Mediating Roles of Employee Voice and Job Autonomy

This research study delves into the nexus between feminine leadership, job crafting behaviour, employee voice and job crafting in the hotel industry in Sunyani, Bono Region, Ghana. The primary purpose of the research is to assess the impact of feminine leadership on job crafting behaviours, evaluate the mediating role of employee voice, and examine how job autonomy influences this relationship. The study adopts the transformational leadership theory, self-determination theory (SDT), and the characteristics model. The study took a quantitative and explanatory research approach. Additionally, self-administered closed-ended questionnaires served as the primary data collection instrument for the study. Of the 385 respondents, 343 questionnaires were answered, representing 89.91% response rate. The study’s data was analysed with the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 28 and SmartPLS version 4. The findings highlight the significant effect of feminine leadership on job crafting behaviours among hotel industry employees. Additionally, the study reveals a partial mediation effect of employee voice in the relationship between feminine leadership and job crafting. Finally, the effect of job autonomy on job crafting was insignificant hence could not mediate the relationship between feminine leadership and job crafting In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights into the relationship dynamics between feminine leadership, job crafting behaviour, and employee voice within the unique context of the Sunyani hotel industry. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of these relationships and their implications. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to hotel industry leaders and management for fostering positive employee behaviours and enhancing leadership practices.

Source: UCC
Effect of Financial Controls on Cash Management in Yunyoo-nasuan District Assembly in Ghana

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research was to examine the effect of financial controls on cash management in the Yunyoo-Nasuan District Assembly. The study specifically examined the financial control activities and cash management practices and assessed the effect of control activities on cash management. An explanatory research design research and a quantitative research approach were employed in undertaking the study. The population was the total number of staff (100) at Yunyoo-Nasuan District Assembly out of which a sample of eighty (80) staff were selected using the simple random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used in soliciting the views of the staff on the stated objectives of the study. The analyses were done using SPSS version 25 and presented using descriptive and multiple regression. The study found that the Yunyoo-Nasuan District Assembly has effective financial controls and this led to efficient cash management practices. Finally, the study discovered that changes in financial controls accounted for a substantial positive variance in cash management. The study therefore recommended that the District Assembly maintain the right calibre of personnel, keep effective and improved financial controls and also monitor all issues that affect financial controls as that has the tendency of affecting cash management.

Source: UCC
Effect of financial exclusion on poverty: issues of measurement and relationships in Ghana

Financial services play an important role in the development of national economies. Studies have shown that financial inclusion promotes economic growth. However, the concept of financial exclusion dynamics has received little attention. The study thus examined the effect of financial exclusion on poverty in Ghana. Specifically, the study estimates the classes of financial exclusion (incidence, depth, and severity); determined the association between classes of financial exclusion and poverty using Chi-Square independence test and finally examined the effect of the classes of financial exclusion on poverty using ordinary least square, instrumental variable estimation, and conditional mixed process. Due to the endogeneity of financial exclusion, the study employed supply-side variables-type of the financial institution and insurance as instruments to remedy the endogeneity problem. The study found a high financial exclusion in Ghana, especially, Northern Region, Upper West, Upper East, and the Volta Region. Further, the study established that poor households are mostly associated with financial exclusion. Besides, incidence, depth, and severity of financial exclusion hurt household heads consumption poverty. Again, the severity of financial exclusion generally dominates the depth of financial exclusion whereas the depth of financial exclusion generally dominates the incidence of financial exclusion. Besides, the study, therefore, recommends inclusive finance in Ghana especially the Northern region, Upper West, Upper East, and Volta region. Again, the study recommends the education of household heads, and as well as providing them with employment opportunities as these decrease household head poverty, and financial exclusion

Source: UCC
Effect Of Financial Information Usefulness On Management Decision-Making Effectiveness In Colleges Of Education In The Upper West Region Of Ghana

The study examined the Effect of Financial Information Usefulness on Management Decision-Making Effectiveness in Colleges of Education in the Upper West Region of Ghana. The researcher used quantitative design to assess the usefulness of financial information on management decision. For the purpose of the study, 100 out of 150 staff of the three colleges of education in the region constituted the sample size. Primary Data was collected from respondents using self-administered questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that financial information was extensively used in the decision-making process across the Colleges of Education in the region. The study further revealed that there is significant challenges faced by management in utilizing financial information, including biases, bounded rationality, uncertainties, internal conflicts, and time constraints. Therefore, it is recommended that there should be proactive approaches to ensures that institutions remain dynamic and responsive to changes, maximizing the impact of financial information on decision-making. It further adds that management should prioritize the availability of financial information to enhance decision-making processes and the government should invest in the provision of training and capacity building in the financial management of college management staff.

Source: UCC
Effect Of Financial Information Usefulness On Management Decision-Making Effectiveness In Colleges Of Education In The Upper West Region Of Ghana

The study examined the Effect of Financial Information Usefulness on Management Decision-Making Effectiveness in Colleges of Education in the Upper West Region of Ghana. The researcher used quantitative design to assess the usefulness of financial information on management decision. For the purpose of the study, 100 out of 150 staff of the three colleges of education in the region constituted the sample size. Primary Data was collected from respondents using self-administered questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that financial information was extensively used in the decisionmaking process across the Colleges of Education in the region. The study further revealed that there is significant challenges faced by management in utilizing financial information, including biases, bounded rationality, uncertainties, internal conflicts, and time constraints. Therefore, it is recommended that there should be proactive approaches to ensures that institutions remain dynamic and responsive to changes, maximizing the impact of financial information on decision-making. It further adds that management should prioritize the availability of financial information to enhance decisionmaking processes and the government should invest in the provision of training and capacity building in the financial management of college management staff.

Source: UCC
Effect of Financial Innovation on the Demand for money in Ghana

The study examined the effect of financial innovation on the demand for money in Ghana. Specifically this study examined the long run and short run relationships between financial innovation, real income, interest rate, price level, real effective exchange rate and demand for money; tested for the stability of the demand for money function and established the direction of causality between innovation (and other regressors) and the demand for money in Ghana. The study employed quarterly time series data from 1983(1) to 2012(4) for Ghana and used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration. The study also employed the Principal Component Analysis to construct an index of financial innovation. The regression results showed that in the long, financial innovation, real income, and price level had positive effect on narrow and broad money demand whiles interest rate and real effective exchange rate had negative effect on narrow and broad money demand in Ghana. The short run results also revealed that real income (both current and previous values), and price level, and financial innovation had positive effect on narrow and broad money demand whiles interest rate (both current and previous values) and real effective exchange rate had negative effect on narrow and broad money demand in Ghana. The narrow and broad money demand functions are also to be stable over the study period. It is therefore, recommended that government provides incentives to facilitate the improvement of financial innovation and constantly reassess the stability of the demand for money in line with financial innovation.

Source: UCC
Effect Of Financial Literacy On Investment Decision Among Workers Of Government Hospitals In The Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis

This study examined the relationship between financial literacy and investment decision, focusing on the case of government hospital workers in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis. The study discussed the human capital theory, behavioural economics theory, the concept of financial literacy and investment decision as part of the theoretical and conceptual analysis. This dissertation utilised the positivism research paradigm and the quantitative research approach. The study was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics to examine the relationship between financial literacy and investment decision. In all, 323 government hospital workers in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis were included in the study, and the research employed questionnaire to elicit the required data for the study. The findings demonstrated that the health workers exhibited strong abilities in budgeting and interest in financial news, moderate skills in planning for future financial needs and using financial products, but lower confidence in choosing financial services and comparing prices. The study also found out that health workers in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis show a proactive approach to investment decision-making, particularly in seeking high returns and gathering information on investment opportunities. Also, the study found out that financial literacy has a significant positive impact on the investment decisions of health workers. Based on the results, it is recommended that, management should implement targeted financial education programs. In addition, should offer specialized training on risk assessment and management to ensure health workers can thoroughly evaluate investment risks and make informed decisions.

Source: UCC
Effect of Financial Literacy on Pension Planning and Style of Investment Amongst Teachers in Public Basic Schools Within the Ablekuma Central Municipality in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

The study was conducted to determine the effect of financial literacy on pension planning, style of investment and the level of financial literacy amongst public basic school teachers within the Ablekuma Central Municipality in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Pension reforms necessitate the development of novel mechanisms for augmenting income in retirement, boosting coverage, and maintaining the financial viability of pension plans Holzmann (2013). According to Mitchell and Lusardi (2007), the likelihood that those with poor financial knowledge will be less likely to plan for retirement is higher and as a consequence, acquire significantly less wealth. Quantitative data is usually used by positivists to perform analysis, measure objectively, and generate unprejudiced verifiable research that is unaffected by socio-cultural influences (Neuman 2006). The study therefore, used a mixed approach of descriptive and explanatory research designs for the study. The span of data collection and coverage; using questionnaires, from 171 respondents using the Yamane sample size formula was from 1stOctober, 2020 to 31stJanuary, 2021. The study revealed that the level of financial literacy amongst the respondents is moderate because most of them were identified to be degree holders. The study also examined that financial literacy has a positive effect on pension planning amongst the respondents. Again, the work pointed out that financial literacy has no effect on the style of investment amongst the response units. The study recommends that the government provides a comprehensive financial education for public basic school teachers. It finally suggests introducing financial literacy from the basic to senior high levels as well as the colleges of education.

Source: UCC