ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Corporate Social Responsibility And Financial Performance Of Small And Medium Financial Institutions In The Cape Coast Metropolis: The Moderating Role Of Firm Reputation

This study assessed the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR), firm reputation on the performance of small and medium financial institutions in Cape Coast. The study further examined the moderating effect of firm reputation in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the performance of small and medium financial institutions. The study utilised the stakeholder and agency theory. The study followed the descriptive research design. The study used the structured questionnaire as a quantitative data collection tool and a semi structured interview guide as a qualitative data collection tool. Again, the study used the SPSS (Version 24.0) to produce descriptive statistics and the Smart PLS (3.0) to determine the reliability and validity of the measurements, structural models and data analysis. The study again, targeted 346 customers from small and medium financial institutions in the Cape Coast Metropolis. In addition to the respective specific research objectives, the findings indicate that CSR has a statistically significant contribution to explaining the dependent variable financial performance. Again, it was found that firm reputation affects financial performance. This indicates that firm‘s reputation has contributed to increasing bank performance. Finally, the study concluded that although firm reputation has a low moderation role on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the financial performance. The study recommended that by emphasizing direct impact, strengthening implementation and measurement, engaging stakeholders, and promoting internal awareness, these institutions can enhance the effectiveness of their CSR efforts and potentially achieve improved financial performance.

Source: UCC
Corporate social responsibility and firm performance of Ghanaian SMEs: Mediating role of access to capital and firm reputation

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the influence of corporate social responsibility on financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana by using access to capital and firm reputation as mediating variables. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected primary data from 423 SMEs within the Accra Metropolis. Partial least squares estimation technique was used to analyze the data. Findings – The authors documented evidence for a mechanism through which corporate social responsibility results in financial performance of firms: SMEs with improved corporate social responsibility practices are better positioned to achieve enhanced reputation, which translates into improved financial performance. Even though this study did not document a significant relationship between corporate social responsibility and access to finance by Ghanaian SMEs, the authors contend that looking at the positive relationship between them, SMEs can minimize their capital constraints by embarking on CSR practices, which can eventually translate into financial performance. Practical implications – The authors recommend that for SMEs to enhance their reputation and increase their access to capital, which will eventually result in enhanced financial performance, corporate social responsibility practices should be a major part of their operations. Originality/value – It contributes to our knowledge on how CSR practices lead to financial performance of SMEs in developing countries. In addition, this is the first of its kind to establish the relationship between CSR practices and financial performance of SMEs in Ghana by using access to capital and firm reputation as mediating factors

Source: UCC
Corporate social responsibility and firm performance of Ghanaian SMEs: The role of stakeholder engagement

This paper aims to examine the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on financial performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana by using stakeholder engagement as a mediating variable. Primary data were collected from 423 SMEs within the Accra Metropolis. Partial least squares estimation technique was used to analyze the data. The study documented evidence for a mechanism through which CSR results in financial performance of firms: SMEs with improved CSR practices are better positioned to engage more with their stakeholders, which translates into improved financial performance. It was recommended that for SMEs to improve upon their CSR practices, which will eventually result in enhanced financial performance, stakeholder engagement should be a major part of their operations. The paper contributes to our knowledge on how CSR practices lead to financial performance of SMEs in developing countries. In addition, this is the first of its kind to establish the relationship between CSR practices and financial performance of SMEs in Ghana by using stakeholder engagement as a mediating factor.

Source: UCC
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS LISTED ON THE GHANA STOCK EXCHANGE BY FESTUS OTCHERE AMISSAH

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study examined the effect of corporate social responsibility on the financial performance of listed firms on the Ghana Stock Exchange. The study collected annual series data spanning from 2010 to 2016. The study employed quantitative approach and sampled twenty (20) firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility on the financial performance of listed firms on the Ghana Stock Exchange. The study also obtained data on corporate social responsibility from audited annual reports and data on performance was taken from Ghana Stock Exchange fact book, GSE profile of listed firms and audited annual report. The study also employed the generalized least squares panel regression analysis technique for analysing the data. The study also measured the performance using Return on Asset as an accounting based measure and Tobin‟s Q as market based measure. The findings shown that ED of CSR has a positive relationship with ROA and negatively related to Tobin‟s Q, CID has a positive relationship on ROA and Tobin‟s Q, HRD has a negative relation with ROA and Tobin‟s Q, PCD has a negative relation with ROA and positively related to Tobin‟s Q. The study suggested that Security Exchange Commission must make a policy and a law for firms to integrate CSR activities in their strategic decisions to enable them improve their performance and the implementation must be supervised by the Ministry of Trade and Industry.

Source: UCC
Corporate social responsibility and performance: A case study of mining companies in Ghana

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become very important in recent years, especially its impact on business operations. Using mining companies in Ghana as a case study, this study investigates the extent to which CSR activities engaged by companies relate to their performance.Content analysis is used in measuring the CSR activities of mining companies in Ghana. The study reveals a positive relationship between return on equity and all the CSR variables(environmental management systems, employee relations and community performance). Net profit margin relates positively with CSR activities such as environmental management system and employee relations whilst return on asset was found to have a positive relationship with only oneemployee relations. Mining companies should be engaged in CSR activities that positively impact on financial performance since this eventually translate into creating value for host communities.

Source: UCC
Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Performance of the Downstream Petroleum Sector in Ghana

ABSTRACT Once transnational oil companies take over concessions of land or sea for their business, they are usually expected to provide certain socio-economic mechanisms aimed at cushioning the affected people and communities. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility activities of Ghana’s downstream oil companies on sustainable performance. The study employed the explanatory research design. The Krejcie and Morgan, (1971) sampling table was used to select 97 companies. A structure questionnaire was developed and administered. The data was analysed quantitatively using SPSS version 22. The study found that that the downstream oil companies mainly practiced the Philanthropic CSR with Ethical, legal and Economic dimensions of CSR less practiced. The study further disclosed a positive effect of all the dimensions of CSR and sustainable performance. The study concludes and recommend among other things that CSR programme should emphasize on three foci: the vision of the organisation, the community’s needs, and aspirations.

Source: UCC
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Community Responsiveness in Ghana’s Oil and Gas Industry

ABSTRACT The main aim of the study was to assess the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices engaged in the oil and gas industry in Ghana. The study employed the embedded mixed methods research approach in achieving the outcome of the study. Using the quota sampling technique, 14 companies comprising 7 exploration and production, and 7 service providers were used for the quantitative aspect. The purposive sampling method was used to select four oil and gas located communities in the Western Region of Ghana for the qualitative aspect. Questionnaire and interview guide were used for the quantitative and qualitative data collections, respectively. For the quantitative aspect, mean, standard deviation, Mann Whitney U-test were used, whereas thematic analysis was used for the qualitative analysis. Findings of the study revealed that economic responsibility was the highest, whereas, philanthropic was the least among the four dimensions of CSR executed by the oil and gas companies. There were statistically significant differences in the CSR practices between the Exploration and Production sector and the Service sector in terms of legal responsibilities and philanthropic responsibilities. Regarding community responsiveness, three main themes emerged from the study: community engagement, community expectations, and community satisfaction. It was concluded that community responsiveness among oil and gas-located communities was relatively low, communities expected more engagements and dialogue from the companies. It is recommended that companies in the upstream oil and gas sector must ensure community engagement before rolling out CSR programmes as it increases the community responsiveness in the industry

Source: UCC
Corporate social responsibility, corporate governance and financial performance of banks in Ghana

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility and corporate governance on financial performance of indigenous and non-indigenous banks in Ghana using a balance panel of twenty-one (21) indigenous and non-indigenous banks over ten time periods, from 2009 to 2018. The study used cross-section data set within a causal research design. The variables included in this study are: return on assets, return on equity, net interest margin, bank size, leverage, age, board size, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Duality and board composition. The study revealed that, board size, board composition, bank size and age had positive effects on return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin. However, CEO duality and leverage had negative effects on return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin. Finally, the study found that interaction of CSR and board size and CSR and board composition had positive effects on return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin. However, interaction of CSR and CEO duality had negative effect on return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin. The study therefore recommends that management of indigenous and non-indigenous banks must consider corporate social responsibility, board size, age, board composition and CEO duality in their decisions concerning profitability since these variables affect profitability.

Source: UCC
Corporate Social Responsibility, Job Satisfaction and Employee Engagement at Gold Fields Ghana (gfgl), Damango Mine

The main purpose of the study was to examine Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), job satisfaction (JS) and employee engagement (EE) at Gold Fields Ghana Limited (GFGL), Damango Mine. The specific objectives that guided the study were; to examine the perception of employees on CSR roles; to measure the effect of CSR on Job Satisfaction of employees at Gold Field Ghana Limited and; to evaluate the effect of CSR on Employee Engagement at Gold Fields Ghana Limited. The study adopted the quantitative method of research and thus employed the descriptive-explanatory research design. 845 employees constituted the population of this study and the sample size constituted a total of 352. A questionnaire was employed and it was semi-structured and self-administered. Out of the total of 352 questionnaires administered, 280 completed questionnaires were retrieved; hence, a response rate of 79.50% was attained and the non-response rate was 20.50%. Data is analysed by the IBM SPSS Statistics Software for windows (V. 23). Mean, standard deviation and regression tools were used. This study found that CSR at Gold Fields Ghana Limited was more philanthropic, followed by economic, ethical and legal in nature. Moreover, this study found a positive and significant effect of CSR on JS and EE. This study concluded that GFGL paid more attention to the philanthropic dimension of CSR. In addition, this study settled that when GFGL, Damango Mine cares for society and environment in its operations, its employees are likely to be satisfied and engaged in their work. This study recommends that managers of GFGL, Damango mine should continually strive towards fulfilling their CSR to stakeholders to produce positive employee outcomes for the benefit of the company.

Source: UCC
Corporate social resposibility and financial performance of Ghana club 100 members

Despite the increasing studies on corporate social responsibility and financial performance among high performing companies, very little interest has focused on Ghanaian firms. This study, therefore, examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and financial performance (FP) of the financial firms among Ghana Club 100. A secondary data were used for the study, and 20 financial firms whose CSR expenditure reports were available were selected. A correlation design was used using a three- year (2013-15) data on return on equity (financial performance) and firm size, and multiple regression analysis conducted. The results indicated that CSR has a positive but non-significant effect on firm's ROE, but firm size showed a significant positive relationship with ROE. However, both firm size and CSR provides a good predictive model of firm financial performance. The study recommends Ghanaian financial firms to engage in CSR activities as doing so may improve their financial performance. A CSR expenditure criterion should also be used in ranking Ghana Club 100 firms, to facilitate the collection of secondary data for future research that can cover all members to address the limitations of this study. Keyword: Corporate Social Responsibility, Return on Equity, Firm Size, Club 100

Source: UCC
Corporate social resposibility and profitability of Listed companies in Ghana

With the increased concentration on the corporate social responsibility (CSR), companies are not only required to focus narrowly on generating profit for shareholders, but also asked to take responsibilities for firms’ other stakeholders, e.g. customers, employees, society etc., from social, environment and economic perspectives. Hence, nowadays, having both a decent CSR performance and adding profitability are the significant aspects for the company to achieve the sustainable success in the long term. In terms of that, this dissertation aims to explore the CSR-profitability relationship, namely to explore, how CSR influences the firm’s profitability. For this purpose, this study measured corporate social responsibility disclosure in terms of published CSR keywords on the annual reports of the 10 firms listed on the Ghana stock exchange over five years ranging from 2011 until 2015. The variables under consideration in the study include: return on assets, return on equity, corporate social responsibility, company size, leverage, inflation, and exchange rate. The study reveals that corporate social responsibility (CSR), company size (CS) had positive and statistically significant effect on return assets and return on equity in the domestic industrial sector of Ghana after controlling for leverage, inflation, and exchange rate. The result also concludes that there is positive relationship between Profitability and CSR practices together with Firm Size and Firm Revenue as control variable. As well as, this research will contribute to finance and accounting literature in identified investment in CSR will lead to firm financial performance or otherwise.

Source: UCC
Corporate sponsorship in the Ghanaian mobile telephone industry

The mobile telephony industry in Ghana has in recent times increasingly employed corporate sponsorship as a marketing tool. This study sought to find out the effectiveness of using corporate sponsorship as a marketing tool. The study made use of both primary data and secondary data. Two classes of respondents were used in this study: respondents from the mobile telecommunication companies (sponsors) and the beneficiaries of the sponsorship packages (sponsees). The two main data collection instruments used for the study were the questionnaire and interviews schedules. Statistical Product for Service Solutions (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel were the main statistical tools used in the analysis of the data. The finding of the study indicated that corporate sponsorship is without doubt an effective marketing tool. The companies studied attained their brand positioning and advertising campaign objectives by sponsoring different sponsees that will give their brands high level of exposure to their target markets. This is summed up in the words of one of the marketing managers interviewed for this study. “It certainly is, customers are positively influenced when they see, hear and experience our brand when it is enthusiastically and consistently engaged with things they are passionate about”. This study however recommends that though sponsorship is an effective marketing tool for telecommunication companies, companies must learn to give back to the communities without expecting anything in return.

Source: UCC
Corporate Sustainability Disclosure and Financial Performance of Listed Firms in Ghana

ABSTRACT The relevance of sustainability disclosure, as far as its effect on financial performance is concerned, has not really been accentuated in literature. Thus, this study assessed the effect of sustainability disclosures on financial performance of firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Using the criterion sampling technique, 28 firms were sampled for the study. The explanatory design was employed, and descriptive statistical tools, such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation; and inferential statistics, such as the Pearson product-moment correlation and regression were used for the analyses. Results revealed that the extent of sustainability disclosure practices among listed firms was between (0%) and (40%). Also, it was found that economic performance disclosure had a statistically significant positive effect on financial performance. Further, social performance disclosure was found to have a statistically significant negative effect on financial performance. Furthermore, both environmental performance disclosure and overall sustainability disclosure practices showed statistically significant positive effects on financial performance. It was then concluded that many listed firms in Ghana do not really have full appreciation of sustainability disclosure indicators documented by the GlR yet. In line with this, Management of firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange should encourage key employees to pay attention to overall sustainability disclosure practices, and report all information related economic, social and environmental performance, as stakeholders’ access to these pieces of information positively influences the overall financial performance of the firms

Source: UCC
Corporate Tax Avoidance Incentives of Banks in Ghana

This study built on the tax avoidance literature in at least two main strands: 1) applying the tax avoidance theories and hypothesis to financial institutions which have been neglected in the empirical literature; and 2) assessing the possibility of tax avoidance persistence among banks, from a developing country perspective. Data from 18 commercial banks in Ghana from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed using systems generalized method of moments estimation technique. The study concluded that while the presence of nonexecutive directors on boards, aging banks, and liquidity condition motivate banks to engage in tax avoidance schemes, big banks and banks at their latter stages in their lifecycle are discouraged from undertaking tax avoidance activities. Thus, tax avoidance activities exist in financial institutions just like non-financial firms but no evidence exists to support the assertion that tax avoidance schemes persist among banks. Managers of financial institutions must take advantage of existing tax avoidance opportunities by designing appropriate policies that factor in relevant firm-level characteristics.

Source: UCC
Corporate Tax Rate, International Financial Reporting Standards Adoption and Foreign Direct Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa

The role that foreign direct investment plays in an economy cannot be overlooked. Governments in the quest to attract foreign investors have implemented various policies. Among these investment pulling strategies, corporate taxation and financial reporting reforms have been actively used. The effectiveness of these strategies has been continuously debated as there has been inconsistency in the various findings. Using tax as a pull factor might lead to loss of tax revenue while IFRS adoption may increase cost considering the transitioning from local GAAPs to international standards. This thesis builds on already existing literature by examining these two factors jointly but not in isolation as has been done in previous studies. Using the two-step system GMM, the combined effect of corporate tax rate and IFRS adoption on FDI was analysed. Data on 24 selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa from the year 2004 to 2017 were obtained from different sources. The eclectic theory was used as the theoretical model for the study. Results from the study showed that at average corporate tax rate, adopting IFRS directly increased FDI by 5.89 percent more compared to not adopting IFRS. When corporate tax rate is increased by 100 percent, FDI will fall by 15.8 percent in countries that have adopted IFRS while countries that have not adopted will experience a 195 percent fall in FDI. Investigating the threshold effect of corporate tax rate on FDI, the study found a U-shape showing the optimum corporate tax rate to FDI of 29.89 percent. The granger causality test showed a unidirectional relationship from corporate tax rate to FDI and not vice versa. It was recommended that countries should adopt IFRS. In countries where IFRS have been adopted, corporate tax rate should be increased to maximize revenue. Also, to attract FDI, corporate tax rate should not exceed 29.89 percent. © University of Cape Coast

Source: UCC