ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
The relationship between bank funding strategies, risk and return in Ghana: Does ownership matter?

Using data on Ghanaian universal banks from 2000 to 2014, this study examines the relationship between bank funding strategies, risk, return and ownership in this competitive banking environment in order to efficiently allocate resources. A panel data analysis indicates that, a significant and positive association exist between deposits ratio which measures funding structure and bank return and also inverse relationship between funding structure and bank risk. Concerning non-deposit funding ratio, the study finds an inverse/negative association with bank return and negative relationship with bank risk. Additionally, the study finds support for bank ownership type whether non-state owned or state owned and foreign owned or local owned as having a relation with funding strategies, risk and return. More specifically, non-state owned and foreign owned banks perform better than state and local owned banks respectively. As a policy recommendation, universal banks in Ghana should put up appropriate funding strategy option preferably more of deposit funding which is relatively cheaper and yields more return in developing country like Ghana but depend less on non-deposit funding to supplement their funding strategies. Bank managers should endeavour to manage their overheads well in order to be more efficient thereby improving their return and returns to shareholders.

Source: KNUST
The Relationship Between Corporate Governance And Financial Reporting Quality: Evidence From Ghana

Good Corporate Governance Should Ensure Financial Reporting Quality, A Decrease In Agency Cost And Information Asymmetry, That Mostly Emerges From Opportunistic Management Behaviour. In Ghana, Corporate Governance And Financial Reporting Quality (Frq) Has Attracted A Lot Of Attention In Recent Times Due To The Recent Banking Failures, Leading To Massive Lock Up Of Individual And Institutional Funds. Financial Reporting Quality Offers Assurance To Several Stakeholders, In Addition To Providing Crucial And Useful Information. The Purpose Of The Research Was To Evaluate The Relationship Between Corporate Governance (Specifically Board Characteristics) And Financial Reporting Quality Of Listed Banks In Ghana. The Board Characteristics Considered Were Board Size, Foreign Directorship, Board Independence, Board Diversity And Audit Committee Independence. The Effects Of Certain Factors Were Controlled Via Including Control Variables Observed To Be Related To Corporate Governance And Frq. The Variables Were Big Four Audit Firms And Firm Size. The Empirical Research Was Based On Eight Listed Banks On The Ghana Stock Exchange For A Five-Year Period (2015-2019). The Results Of The Study Showed That Foreign Directorship Was Positively Correlated To And Held A Causative Relationship With Financial Reporting Quality Unlike Board Size, Board Independence, Board Diversity And Audit Committee Independence Which Were Negatively Correlated To And Held No Causative Relationship With Financial Reporting Quality. Hence, High Foreign Directorship Ensured A High Financial Reporting Quality, As Among Other Things, Foreign Directors’ Knowledge Of Foreign Markets And Network Are Unmatched. The Findings Of This Study Will Add To Existing Knowledge And Provide A Reference For Future Academics, Students, Researchers, Policy Makers And Other Stakeholders With Interest In The Relationship Between Corporate Governance Practices And Frq.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between collaborative knowledge creation and supply chain resilience, the mediating role of supply chain innovation

The main objective of this study is to evaluate how collaborative knowledge creation may affect supply chain resilience as well as the mediating role of supply chain innovation. The study employed cross-sectional descriptive survey design. This survey was conducted using a quantitative approach. Convenience and purposive sampling technique were used to choose 176 participants from procurement, logistics, and top executive or managers of all the multinational companies in Ghana. A prepared questionnaire was the main tool used for data collection. Both SPSS v26 and smartpls v4 were used for the statistical analysis. Both descriptive and inferential approaches were used to analyze the data. The findings indicated a significant positive direct influence on CK to SCRES and SCI. SCI had a significant direct influence on SCRES and also mediates CK-SCRES interactions. To improve SC resilience in the face of disruptions, the study suggests that management work with partners to use inductive and deductive reasoning to learn new things, to release and share ambitious and creative ideas and discussions, and to spend a lot of time reconfiguring information and sorting, integrating, and categorizing new knowledge.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between corporate governance and financial reporting quality: evidence from Ghana

Good corporate governance should ensure financial reporting quality, a decrease in agency cost and information asymmetry, that mostly emerges from opportunistic management behaviour. In Ghana, corporate governance and financial reporting quality (FRQ) has attracted a lot of attention in recent times due to the recent banking failures, leading to massive lock up of individual and institutional funds. Financial reporting quality offers assurance to several stakeholders, in addition to providing crucial and useful information. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the relationship between corporate governance (specifically board characteristics) and Financial reporting quality of listed banks in Ghana. The board characteristics considered were Board Size, Foreign Directorship, Board Independence, Board Diversity1 and Audit Committee Independence. The effects of certain factors were controlled via including control variables observed to be related to corporate governance and FRQ. The variables were Big Four audit firms and Firm Size. The empirical research was based on eight listed banks on the Ghana Stock Exchange for a five-year period (2015-2019). The results of the study showed that Foreign Directorship was positively correlated to and held a causative relationship with financial reporting quality unlike Board Size, Board Independence, Board Diversity and Audit Committee Independence which were negatively correlated to and held no causative relationship with financial reporting quality. Hence, high foreign directorship ensured a high financial reporting quality, as among other things, Foreign Directors’ knowledge of foreign markets and network are unmatched. The findings of this study will add to existing knowledge and provide a reference for future academics, students, researchers, policy makers and other stakeholders with interest in the relationship between corporate governance practices and FRQ

Source: KNUST
The relationship between corporate social responsibility And financial performance: evidence from the Ghana stock Exchange .

Over the recent years, issues of CSR and its likely impact on firm financial performance has been heatedly debated around the world. Key stakeholders (Policy Makers, NGOs, Civil Society, etc.) have questioned the sole “shareholder wealth maximization” objective of the firm. Investors (Stockholders, Bondholders, Banks, etc.) are also increasingly concern as to the exact impact of CSR on financial performance. This study seeks to find out the extent to which publicly traded companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange disclose on social and environmental indicators of CSR in their annual reports as required by the GRI reporting standards; and whether their disclosure on the composite CSR and the disaggregated CSR variables (CSRSOC & CSRENV) have significant direct impact on their financial performance variables (ROE & ROA). A purposive sampling technique is used and selected companies would have been listed on the Ghana Club 100 for at least twice between 2010 and 2014. Through content analysis of mainly secondary data source (audited annual reports), the response variables (ROE and ROA) and the predictor variables (RISK, SIZE, GROWTH, ORIGIN, CSRSOC, CSRENV, and CSRCOMP) are extracted and assessed. The findings revealed that 4 out of 5 firms with the highest CSR scores are of foreign origin; and 3 out of the 5 are banking institutions. This confirms the assertion that foreign firms and banks are more inclined to CSR disclosures. The results of pooled OLS regression analysis shows that firms which invest in CSR (CSRCOMP) or the environmental CSR (CSRENV) variable may earn a significant positive return on asset (ROA). On the other hand, none of the CSR variables (CSRCOMP, CSRSOC, and CSRENV) may have significant impact on stockholders’ return (ROE). This may explain why in recent times companies are gradually and strategically shifting towards the environmental CSR activities and disclosures as seen in the findings of this study and other related studies.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between corporate governance and the performance of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana.

The purpose of the study is to determine whether in Ghana, the performance of rural and community banks (RCBs) has a relationship with corporate governance. The financial performance is in the context of newly adopted codes of conduct and regulations, ownership rules and quality of management. The corporate governance is also in the concept of corporate governance, outreach to clients, reduced dependency on subsidies, and the use of modern technology. A total of 10 randomly sampled RCBs were categorized into four groups based on analysis of several dimension of financial performance. Next, RCBs were again categorized into four groups based on their corporate governance plus. A chi-squared test of independence between the groupings was performed. The research found no association between RCBs categories based on corporate governance plus and their categories based on financial performance. Recommendations are given that; managers of RCBs must improve upon their outreach of customers, revamp or create new products that will improve upon their performance. The Bank of Ghana and other policy makers should also reconsider some of their restrictions especially the need for foreign investors in RCBs and seek new means of regulating them. RCBs should strengthen the capacity of board of directors and the senior management of RCBs as this is a critical aspect of their operation and affects their performance.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between customer relationship management and customer retention: the mediating effect on customer satisfaction in the telecommunication industry

Over the years, customers’ preferences, segmentation and change in the business environment with ease of penetrating the competitive market have placed an increasing demand on organizations to provide excellent goods and services. This study was conducted to assess the relationship between customer relationship management (CRM) and customer retention through the mediating role of customer satisfaction in the telecommunication industry in Ghana. The objectives of the study were; to assess the effect of CRM on customer satisfaction in the Telecom industry and assess the effect of customer satisfaction on customer retention in the Telecom industry. The networks were sampled using a probability and simple random technique. A questionnaire was utilized to collect data from a sample size of 150 customers of MTN, Vodafone and AIRTEL TIGO. The data acquired was examined using descriptive statistics in SPSS and SMART PLS V4. According to the findings, customer relationship management has a significant impact on customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction also has a significant effect on customer retention. The study also found that the relationship between customer relationship management and customer retention was mediated by customer satisfaction. The study recommends that the telecommunication industry should focus and improve on aspects of CRM and satisfaction which customers use in criticizing the credibility of the products or services provided.

Source: KNUST
The Relationship between E Procurement and Ethical Behavior in Public Sector: A Mediating Role of Business Process Outcomes

The study is aimed at providing a comprehensive understanding of the mediating role played by business process outcomes in the e-procurement and ethical behaviors model with empirical evidence from public institutions. The study employed a cross-sectional explanatory research design with quantitative methods. The study population comprised of top and medium level managers in logistics, supply chain, and operations at Ghanaian public institutions. The study employed both random and purposive sampling techniques to collect data from a sample of 250. The study utilized inferential analysis aimed at achieving the study objectives with SPSS v26, Amos and Hayes Process Macro which were employed to evaluate the hypotheses of the study. The findings showed that e procurement has positive and significant effect on ethical behavior among the public institutions. The study also found that business process outcome significantly drives ethical behavior and also mediates the relationship between e-procurement and ethical behavior. Based on the findings it is recommended that public organizations engage in thorough training programmes that teach personnel about ethical concepts, norms, and the value of ethical behavior in procurement procedures

Source: KNUST
The relationship between exchange rate volatility and stock returns on the Ghana stock exchange.

The study employs Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model to examine the relationship between exchange rate volatility and stock prices from January, 2000 to August, 2016. The purpose of the study was to ascertain whether investors and fund managers can take advantage of diversification to minimize risk and maximize return. A sample of 200 monthly observations of stock and exchange rate returns was used for the purposes of the analysis. It was revealed that there is a negative relationship between stock price movements and exchange rates volatility and the relationship is strong and significant. This implies that an increase in exchange rate volatility will lead to a decrease in stock market volatility. This study recommends the need for policy maker’s intervention in times of abnormal exchange rate volatility so as to boost investor confidence and the need for increased use of efficient hedging instruments by firms on the stock markets thus, eliminating negative effects

Source: KNUST
The relationship between exchange rate and the trade balance of Ghana.

Borrowing from the Marshall Lerner Condition that the sum of the elasticity of the trade balance in respect of the exchange rate be greater or equal to unity, then currency depreciation could be a means of improving a country’s trade balance. This study examined the relationship between exchange rate and trade balance in Ghana and also verified the strength of the Marshall Lerner Condition on the export and import elasticities. The data employed was from the periods of 19852015 obtained from World Development Indicators and the IMF International Financial Statistics. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration was used to estimate the short run and long run parameters of the variables employed to determine how they relate to trade balance in Ghana. The result of the findings showed that Ghana’s exchange rate depreciation, to some extent, is statistically significant to improving Ghana’s trade balance in the long run but efforts must be taken to achieve this result; that is by adding value to our exports to yield higher returns to offset imports. The Marshall-Lerner condition is not met as well in the case of Ghana. This study recommends that for a favorable trade balance, domestic industries should improve their level of efficiency and quality of their products in order to compete with foreign goods in both home and foreign markets. The overall conclusion drawn from the study is that for improved balance of trade in Ghana, policy makers and local investors should direct much attention to the production side and raise awareness amongst producers on the cost of compromising on quality and goodwill if goods are produced below internationally approved standards.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between institutional culture and employee commitment in public tertiary institutions; a case study of the Kumasi Polytechnic – Ghana.

It is the wish of every organisation to understand its own dynamic culture so that managers can capitalise on the insights generated by the cultural perspective to wield greater control over their organisations. The general aim of this study was to analyse the organizational culture and employee commitment of the Kumasi Polytechnic. The data used in this study was a primary data collected from staff of the Kumasi Polytechnic. A total of 100 responses questionnaire were collected through Stratified sampling technique with specific interest on the four categories of staff of the Polytechnic. The study found that72% of the staff were below 40years. This meant that a majority of the staff had about 20 more working years ahead of them before retiring. It was also found that out of seven (7) determinants of desired institutional culture, four (4) were found to be most revered. These 4 included meeting the need of superiors, challenges and innovative ways of undertaking such tasks, competence and loyalty to superiors and going the extra mile to achieve good results. For the measurement of staff commitment, it was found that the staff of the Polytechnic demonstrated a strong commitment to the growth of the institution. Finally, the study found a statistically significant relationship between the organizational culture of the Polytechnic and the commitment of her staff. It is therefore recommend that if Management of the Polytechnic wants a greater commitment from its staff, then it should continually promote a stress free and conducive working environment for all staff.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between financial literacy and financial fragility: the moderation effects of psychological, economic and social factors

The research investigates how psychological, economic, and societal variables moderate the association between financial literacy and fragility. Quantitative methods improve precision and accuracy. The researcher also used a cross-sectional design to correlate study variables. Purposive sampling chose 400 responses. A pre-made questionnaire is usually utilized for data collection. SPSS 26 and Stata 15 are used for statistical analysis. Financial literacy is beneficial to financial fragility. Financial fragility suffers greatly from financial confidence. Wealth boosts FR significantly. Race does not affect FR. The results show a favorable association between FR and wealthfinancial literacy. However, financial literacy and race interact significantly on FR. According to the results, financial fragility may be decreased by combining financial knowledge with financial confidence.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between interest rates and financial performance of firms listed on the Ghana stock exchange.

The study examined the impact of interest rate on the performance of firms listed on the Ghana stock exchange market over the period 2005 to 2014. The study estimated the Linear Dynamic Panel Data (DPD) model with its diagnostics, the study also conducted a trend analysis to study the trend of interest rate and firms' performance. Secondary data for the variables were obtained from the annual financial statements of nine (9) selected firms and World Bank Database for the period 2005-2014. The Sargan test result for model significance and diagnostic indicated that the estimated model is good for the study. The results of the study revealed that Interest rate and GDP growth was found to have a positive relationship with firms’ performance but was insignificant. Further, inflation and exchange rate were also found to have a negative and significant relationship with firm’s performance. The study, therefore, recommends that the government of Ghana should ensure the availability of import substitution firms in order to increase the value of the domestic currency. The study further recommends that government provides more subsidies to firms so that production and supply of firms would increase which would reduce inflation since inflation had a negative impact.

Source: KNUST
The Relationship Between Mobile Money And Fnancial Inclusion In Ghana: The Moderating Role Of Social Networks

The Goal Of This Study Is To Explore The Role Of Social Networks In The Relation Between Mobile Money And Financial Inclusion In Ghana. The Analysis Uses The Descriptive Research Method To Achieve The Above Objective. The Population For The Study Was Individual Mobile Money Users Living In Kumasi Metropolis. The Study Uses A Sample Of 117 Respondents, Two Main Sampling Techniques Were Employed For This Study. First The Convenience Sampling Technique Was Used To Identify Individuals Who Have Registered For Any Mobile Money Service Per The Criteria Of The Research. Secondly, After Identifying These Persons, The Research Instruments Were Delivered At Random To Avoid Bias And Ensure Every User Has An Equal Chance Of Being Selected. The Questionnaire Was The Primary Method For The Collection Of Data. The Data Collected Was Processed With Statistical Product For Service Solutions (Spss) Version 21. The Data Is Then Analysed For Cross-Tabulation, Frequency Counts And Percentages. The Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Was Used In Order To Achieve The Objectives Outlined In This Research, Which Is To Determine The Effect Of Mobile Money On Financial Inclusion And The Role Of Social Networks. Based On The Findings Of The Study, It Can Be Concluded That Mobile Money Usage Helps To Improve The Financial Inclusion Of The Country Whiles Social Networks Also Contributes To Improving Financial Inclusion. However, The Interaction Between Social Network And Mobile Money Reduces The Financial Inclusion Rates Of The Country. Based On The Above, The Study Among Other Factors Recommended That That Government And Policy Makers Should Consider Implementing Policies To Improve The Reach Of Mobile Money Among The Citizens Of The Country.

Source: KNUST
The relationship between petroleum consumption and economic growth in Ghana.

The study sought to examine the effect of petroleum consumption on the economy of Ghana. The study employed the Vector Autoregressive Error Correction Model (VECM) on quarterly time series data from the first quarter of 2009 to the first quarter of 2017. The study found out that in the long run, petroleum consumption was seen to have a positive and statistically significant effect on Ghana’s economy, with a percentage increase in petroleum consumption influences Ghana’s GDP to increase by 0.68%. By applying Granger causality, the study found bidirectional causality between petroleum consumption and GDP. The study did recommend, the removal of some fuel taxes, such as the BOST levy which are deem to be unnecessary and have outlived their purpose of implementation, in order to encourage more consumption of the product by means of a reduced cost in petroleum products.

Source: KNUST