ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the relationship between objective–subjective health status and public perception of climate change as a human health risk in Coastal Tanzania

Climatechangeisconsideredasthebiggestthreattohumanhealthinthe21stcentury. Sub-Saharan Africa, which is the most-at-risk region of the world, is estimated to have a disproportionately large share of the burden of climate change–induced environmental and human health risks. To develop effective adaptations to protect public health, it is essential to consider how individuals perceive and understand the risks, and how they might be willing to change their behaviors in response to them. Using a cross-sectional survey of 1253 individuals in coastal Tanzania we analyzed the relationship between subjective health status (self-reported health) and objective health status on the one hand and perceived health risks of climate change. Generally, higher subjective health status was associated with lower scores on perceived health risks of climate change. Concerning objective health status, the results were varied. Individuals who afﬁrmed that they had been previously diagnosed with hepatitis, skin conditions, or tuberculosis had lower scores on perceived health risks of climate change, unlike their counterparts who afﬁrmed that they had been previously diagnosed with malaria in the past 12 months or had been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. These relationships persist even when biosocial and sociocultural attributes are taken into consideration. The results underscore the complex ways in which objective and subjective health interact with both biosocial and sociocultural factors to shape perceived health risks of climate change

Source: UCC
Anaphore nominale dans des récits écrits par des Étudiants Ghanéens : Les effets d’une séquence didactique

Ce travail vise à évaluer les effets d’une intervention didactique sur l’emploi de ressources lexicales de l’anaphore nominale, dans des récits écrits par des étudiants ghanéens de français langue étrangère. Nous avons choisi ce sujet parce que peu d’études ont identifié l’effet de l’enseignement sur l’emploi de la cohésion anaphorique dans les productions écrites des étudiants. 25 étudiants de l’Université de Cape Coast en 2 Ème année de licence ont été exposés à une séquence didactique portant sur l’anaphore nominale dans un conte. Nous avons comparé les productions écrites avant et après la mise en œuvre de la séquence pour évaluer les effets de l’enseignement. Les résultats montrent des améliorations dans l’emploi des reprises nominales au post-test. Les changements comportent un accroissement de la diversité lexicale et del’emploi des désignations marquées. Ces résultats montrent que la maîtrise des ressources anaphoriques peut être développée dans le cadre d’une intervention didactique efficace

Source: UCC
Angiogenesis And Cancer Therapy

Cancer spreads by metastasis which is the ability of cancer cells to penetrate into lymphatic and blood vessels, circulate through the bloodstream, and then invade and grow in normal tissues elsewhere. It is this ability to spread to other tissues and organs that makes cancer a potentially life-threatening disease. Cancer researchers involve in the study of the conditions necessary for cancer metastasis have discovered that, the most critical event required is the growth of a new network of blood vessels. This process of forming new blood vessels is termed angiogenesis. Many angiogenic inhibitors have been identified and used for therapeutic purposes but have not proved very beneficial in terms of long-term survival. This could be due to the non- specific nature of these inhibitors which accounts for their high toxic levels. We believe the way forward is to identify angiogenic inhibitors which are specific to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or their receptors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3). These target specific inhibitors of angiogenesis which come with minimum toxic levels could be explored to develop effective cancer therapy.

Source: UCC
Angiogenesis and Cancer Therapy

Cancer spreads by metastasis which is the ability of cancer cells to penetrate into lymphatic and blood vessels, circulate through the bloodstream, and then invade and grow in normal tissues elsewhere. It is this ability to spread to other tissues and organs that makes cancer a potentially life-threatening disease. Cancer researchers involve in the study of the conditions necessary for cancer metastasis have discovered that, the most critical event required is the growth of a new network of blood vessels. This process of forming new blood vessels is termed angiogenesis. Many angiogenic inhibitors have been identified and used for therapeutic purposes but have not proved very beneficial in terms of long-term survival. This could be due to the non-specific nature of these inhibitors which accounts for their high toxic levels. We believe the way forward is to identify angiogenic inhibitors which are specific to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or their receptors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3). These target specific inhibitors of angiogenesis which come with minimum toxic levels could be explored to develop effective cancer therapy.

Source: UCC
The Anglophone African writers’ pragmatic Panafricanism

This article focuses on some selected African Anglophone writings and examines carefully how the issue of pan-Africanism is addressed in those books. They are Ama Ata Aidoo’s The Dilemma of a Ghost, Ayi Kwei Armah’s Osiris Rising and KMT: In the House of Life, and Kofi Awoonor’s Comes the Voyager at Last. The article refers once in a while to African American writings in order to foreground how the African literary works mentioned treat the theme of pan-Africanism

Source: UCC
The angora locus (go) in the mouse: hair morphology, duration of growth cycle and site of action

All four coat hair types were longer in mice homozygous for angora (go/go) than in wild-type mice ( + /+). This increase in hair length in mutant animals was due to an increase in the duration of the phase of hair growth (anagen VI). When skin recombinants incorporating mutant or wild-type epidermis and dermis were grafted to a nude host, the activity of the mutant was found to be confined to the epidermis

Source: UCC
Anklet Wearing Among Females In Cape Coast: A Sociological Analysis

There is patronage in anklets wearing among young women in recent times. Anklets are associated with varied meanings, interpretations and corresponding implications. For example, some people associate the wearing of anklets with negative practices such as promiscuity, lesbianism, soul tying, marine spirits and immodest dressing among others. Drawing on cultural feminism, labelling and Bourdieu’s habitus and bodily hexis theories, this study employed qualitative in-depth semi-structured interview and photovoice, with exploratory research design to examine the meanings and interpretations given to anklet wearing among females in Cape Coast. Purposive and snowballing sampling methods were used to recruit twenty-five participants for the study. The study revealed the gendered nature of anklet wearing with females wearing it most. The types of anklets worn by the females were mostly the beaded and chain anklets. Fashion emerged as a strong reason for the wearing of anklets by the young women. Both negative and positive interpretations were given to the wearing of anklets with some perceiving wearers as “slay queens”. Positively, some people saw anklets as normal ornaments worn everyday just like earrings, necklaces and related ornaments worn by females as a life-style or fashion statement. Sociologically, the findings reflected a duality but also a continuum with practices of modernity co-existing with traditional practices. While with modernity females, wear it to satisfy their fashion taste, there are still traditional practices such as puberty rites where initiates are adorned with anklets. Based on the findings, I recommend the need for society appreciate the changing fashion trend in anklet wearing.

Source: UCC
Anomalous viscosity of vortex hall states in graphenea)

We study temperature effect on anomalous viscosity of Graphene Hall fluid within quantum many vortex hydrodynamics. The commonly observed filling fractions, ν in the range 0 < ν < 2 is considered. An expression for anomalous viscosity dependent on a geometric parameter-Hall expansion coefficient, is obtained at finite temperatures. It arises from strained induced pseudo-magnetic field in addition to an anomalous term in vortex velocity, which is responsible for re-normalization of vortex-vortex interactions. We observed that both terms greatly modify the anomalous viscosity as well as an enhancement of weakly observed v fractions. Finite values of the expansion coefficient produce a constant and an infinite viscosities at varying temperatures. The infinities are identified as energy gaps and suggest temperatures at which new stable quantum hall filling fractions could be seen. This phenomenon is used to estimate energy gaps of already measured fractional quantum Hall states in Graphene

Source: UCC
Antecedence of inflation in Ghana

The study examines the antecedence of inflation, most especially the effect of money supply growth, interest rate and real depreciation of the cedi on inflation in Ghana using annual time series data from 1990 to 2016. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag model was adopted as the estimation technique to examine the long-run and short-run dynamics among the variables used. In the long run, the regression estimates indicated that there is an insignificant positive effect between money supply growth and inflation. However, interest rate in the long run was observed to have a positive significant effect on inflation in Ghana. Real depreciation of the cedi was also seen to have a negative insignificant effect on inflation. The short run results indicated that money supply growth had a positive insignificant effect on inflation; interest rate and real depreciation of the cedi were equally observed to have a positive significant effect on inflation in Ghana. From the results obtained money supply is not an integral part in the fight against inflation in Ghana. This confirms why the Bank of Ghana has shifted for monetary targeting to inflation targeting monetary policy. Therefore, to reduce inflation in the economy, immediate measures need to be adopted by the Central Bank to strengthen the effectiveness of inflation targeting as a monetary policy. A recommendation is made that the Bank of Ghana should continue to use interest rate as the major instrument in the conduct of monetary policy in Ghana. It is also recommended that measures should be implemented to reduce the depreciation of the cedi, through the reduction of budget deficit financing and reduction in external borrowing.

Source: UCC
Antecedents and consequences of staff-related fraud in the Ghanaian banking industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the antecedents and consequences of employee fraud, focusing on the banking industry in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach – A major bank was selected for the case study analysis. The researchers used qualitative data analysis for the study. Content analysis of investigation reports and interviews of employees from different functional areas were used as the main data collection tools. Findings – This study found that loans contracted by bank employees with huge repayment amounts put financial pressure on them to commit fraud. The study also found that inadequate controls in some areas of the bank can fuel the commission of fraud. In addition, aggrieved employees have a high propensity of committing fraud. Huge punitive consequences were noted to exist for employees who perpetrate fraud, and shareholders are also affected by the fraudulent behaviour of employees. Research limitations/implications – Findings shown in the study confirm the hypotheses of the fraud triangle theory on the causes of fraud despite its criticisms. The findings are also consistent with extant studies on the antecedents and consequences of fraud. The use of one bank for the case study analysis as well as the three-year analysis period impose a limitation on the study. Future studies can explore fraud using other different theoretical lenses. Gathering data from more than one bank and for a longer period of analysis may provide more accurate results. Practical implications – This study provides some recommendations for fraud prevention in the banking industry in Ghana. The major one is the need for the central bank to collaborate with financial institutions to set up an effective creditworthiness system that will aid the monitoring of activities of the banks. Banks should also ensure that systems of controls are reviewed regularly to identify and deal with fraud. Originality/value – This study is original, as it focuses on an industry that is highly susceptible to fraud due to issues of confidentiality with data and with scanty literature on fraud.

Source: UCC
Antecedents and outcome of work-life balance among officers of the Ghana police service in the Cape Coast Metropolis

The study sought to examine the effect of work-life balance on job satisfaction of Ghana Police Service in Cape Coast Metropolis. The study employed the descriptive survey design and conveniently sampled 155 police officers using stratified sampling technique. The findings established that there was no statistically significant relationship between sex and work-life balance. Also, junior officers were adversely affected by work-life conflict compared to senior officers. Married police officers experienced work-life conflict as compared to the single police officers. Long working hours, lack of initiative by institutional heads, pressure and demands of work were some of the organizational factors that adversely affected work-life balance. With respect to personal factors, police officers were not happy with free or leisure hours, sleeping hours and time spend with their partners/families. It was unraveled that work-life balance could statistically significantly influence and predict job satisfaction [F (1,153) = 17.337, r = .296, p = .0036] of police officers. It was recommended that management should enforce the policy on brief sabbatical leave with pay, part- time work, logistics for work, provision of incentives and allowance and the fact that they cannot take office work home occasionally to enhance work-life balance and improve morale among officers.

Source: UCC
Antecedents and work-related outcomes of sexual harassment of hotel employees in Accra metropolis

Whereas sexual harassment has been extensively studied elsewhere, the phenomenon has received limited empirical investigation in Ghana’s hotel industry. Consequently, little is known about the prevalence and consequences of sexual harassment in hotel workspaces in Accra Metropolis. This study investigated the antecedents and consequences of sexual harassment on hotel employees in Accra Metropolis, focusing on its impact on job satisfaction, urnover intentions and organisational commitment. Within a pragmatic research paradigm, 583 respondents from 55 hotels completed self-administered questionnaires after they were selected via a multi-stage sampling procedure. Univariate, biavariate and multivariate statistical tools were used to analyse the quantitative data, while qualitative data was subjected to content analysis. Results show that unwelcomed and unwanted sexual behaviours are common occurrences in hotel workplaces in Accra. Young and unmarried female workers were more likely than older male workers to be confronted with sexual harassment. Job gender context and perceived climate for sexual harassment are inconsequential to vulnerability to sexual harassment. Dependence on tipping is related to sexual harassment of employees in food and beverage department. Job satisfaction is negatively affected by sexual harassment. Male employees who experience sexual harassment are likely harbour the intentions to quit. It is recommended that sexual harassment policy be formulated and training should be provided to all stakeholders and supported with strict implementation of minimum wage agreement in hotels.

Source: UCC
Antecedents of Customer Retention of Ghana Commercial Bank within Agona Swedru Municipality

The sole purpose of a business Drucker (1973) once famously claimed was “to create a customer”. However, keeping the customer has become or regarded as equally, if not more important. Reichheld (1996) emphasised that a 5 per cent increase in customer retention generated an increase in customer net present value of between 25 per cent and 95 per cent across a wide range of business environments. Customer attraction and retention is becoming an important element of any banking strategy in today’s increasingly competitive environment (Verhoef, 2003). The study investigated the determinants of customer retention in Ghana Commercial Bank within Agona Swedru Municipality. The main variables of concern were service quality, customer satisfaction, customer trust, commitment and switching barrier. The correlational design was used for the research. Simple random sampling and self administered questionnaire were utilised to obtain data from 480 customers of the bank. Mean and Step-wise regression techniques were used to examine the level of retention and contribution of these factors to customer retention. It was concluded that; switching barrier, customer commitment and customer trust were the three variables in the conceptual framework of the study that emerged as the most significant factors contributing to customer retention. The study has documented that switching barrier is the most significant factor in retaining customers. The above conclusions indicate a need for certain strategies to be applied by organisations so that customer retention would continue to be high. It suggested that management of Ghana Commercial Bank, and other banks should pay more attention to customer retention by increasing customer satisfaction through the provision of accurate and timely information on products and services to its customers. There is also the need to pay more attention to service quality through the continuous provision of fast, reliable and error-free transaction to customers

Source: UCC
Antecedents of deviant behaviours in junior high schools in the Ayawaso-West Sub-metro in Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Deviant behaviours among students pose a serious threat to teaching and learning in most schools, and has attracted the interest of educators and policy makers globally. The study sought to investigate the factors that contribute to deviant behaviours in Junior High Schools (JHS) in the Ayawaso West Sub-Metro in the Greater Accra Region. The study adopted the descriptive design. The population comprised 600 junior high school students in the Ayawaso West Sub-Metro. A sample of 234 students was selected using simple random sampling technique for the study. An adapted questionnaire was used for the study. Data were analysed using means and standard deviations as well as independent samples t-test. It was found that students engaged in several deviant behaviours such as mocking or teasing, offensive language, excessive noise making, examination malpractices and bullying. The study revealed also that deviant behaviours among JHS students are caused by factors such as disturbed family background, lack of well-structured Guidance and Counselling programmes in Junior High Schools, students’ habits of watching indecent or bad films and partiality of teachers. The study also found poor academic performance, lack of interest in school work, and failure in B.E.C.E. as some of the effects of student deviant behaviour. Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers and school authorities should put in proper disciplinary measures to target specific deviant behaviours in schools.

Source: UCC
Antecedents of Tax Aggressiveness and Performance of Listed Firms in Ghana

This thesis draws inspiration from agency theory, Hoffman’s tax planning theory, resource dependency theory, pecking order theory, and legitimacy theory to investigate the antecedents of tax aggressiveness, the effect of tax aggressiveness on financial performance, earnings management and corporate transparency, and the moderating role of tax risk and corporate governance on the relationship between tax aggressiveness and financial performance of listed non-financial firms in Ghana. The study used a two-step system generalised method of moment (SGMM) approach to analyse the data covering from 2010 to 2019. The study found board size, board gender diversity, non-executive directors, institutional ownership, and ownership structure to have a significant positive effect on tax aggressiveness. Political connection and financial constraints had a significant positive impact on tax aggressiveness while CSR had mixed effects on tax aggressiveness. Tax aggressiveness positively affects firm performance, regardless of the proxy. While the marginal effects of tax aggressiveness and corporate governance on the relationships between tax aggressiveness and ROE and ROA were positive, they were negative for Tobin’s Q. The study concluded that firms that engage in tax aggressiveness have low earnings quality and lack transparency in their dealings. Again, it was concluded that sound corporate governance structures could smoothen out part of the agency costs that might arise from opportunistic managerial behaviours, thereby, improving firm performance - returns on assets and equity. The study recommends that firms should utilise the services of tax experts and consultants for effective tax planning.

Source: UCC
Antecedents of tax aggressiveness and performance of Listed firms in ghana

This thesis draws inspiration from agency theory, Hoffman's tax planning theory, resource dependency theory, pecking order theory, and legitimacy theory to investigate the antecedents of tax aggressiveness, the efIect of tax aggressiveness on financial perfotmance, earnings management and corporate transparency, and the moderating role of tax risk and corporate governance on the relationship between tax aggressiveness and financial performance of listed non-financial firms in Ghana. The study used a two-step system generalised method of moment (SGMM) approach to analyse the data covering from 20 I 0 to 2019. The study found board size, board gender diversity, non-executive directors, institutional ownership, and ownership structure to have a significant positive effect on tax aggressiveness. Political connection and financial constraints had a significant positive impact on tax aggressiveness while CSR had mi xed efIects on tax aggressiveness. Tax aggressiveness positi vely affects firm performance, regardless of the proxy. While the marginal effects of tax aggressiveness and corporate governance on the relationships between tax aggressiveness and ROE and ROA were positive, they were negative for Tobin's Q. The study concluded that firms that engage in tax aggressiveness have low earnings quality and lack transparency in their dealings. Again, it was concluded that sound corporate governance structures could smoothen out part of the agency costs that might arise from opportunistic managerial behaviours, thereby, improving firm performance - returns on assets and equity. The study recommends that finns should utilise the services of tax experts and consultants for effective tax planning.

Source: UCC