ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
The effect of corporate governance on the financial performance of savings and loans companies in Ghana.

Over the past years, the subject of Corporate Governance has gained greater prominence in the global world of business. Corporate Governance is now considered a crucial component in regulating companies with the view of enhancing their performance. The effects of corporate governance on firm performance may vary in different jurisdictions based on economic, social, political and cultural factors. This study sought to research about Corporate Governance and its effect on the Financial Performance of Savings and Loans Companies in Ghana. A quantitative research method involving the use of questionnaire and secondary data was employed to gather information to achieve the research objectives. The questionnaire survey was used to explore corporate governance in the Savings and Loans companies by obtaining and analysing the various corporate governance structures in the industry. Secondary data were obtained from the annual reports of five out of the thirty-one savings and loans companies operating in Ghana to measure corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance variables for 2014through 2016. The selection of companies was determined by the availability of financial reports for the selected years as well as time factor for the research. The results of the study showed an appreciable level of compliance of the selected institutions to Corporate Governance Best Practices. The study also revealed and supported the widely held argument that when firms implement acceptable corporate governance structures, it results in improved financial performance and market value. From the research, it was recommended that the Bank of Ghana expedite actions on formulating a Corporate Governance framework for savings and loans and see to its implementation. Also, the selection unto boards of Savings and Loans Companies should be based on competencies relevant to banking and micro-financing. Also, institutions should ensure that directors have access to all relevant information required to function effectively.

Source: KNUST
The effect of corporate image on organizational performance in the ghanaian insurance industry: the moderating role of advertisement likability

The purpose of the study is to examine the moderating role of advertising likability on corporate image and firm performance link in the Ghanaian insurance industry. The study employed explanatory research design. Aida and hierarchical models were the theories underpinning the study. The study population consisted of insurance policyholders and 391 employees were selected for the study using convenient sampling technique. The main data were collected through questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (spss) program. The study found that corporate image has a significant positive effect on organizational performance. The study also found that advertisement likeability has a significant positive effect on organizational performance. The study further found that advertisement likeability moderates corporate v image and organizational performance link. The study therefore recommends that insurance firms should focus on building sound image as well as invest in making likable adverts that will ultimately leads to enhancement of organizational performance. Organizational performance is a multifaceted construct which is influenced by many factors. This study is a pacesetter in examining the direct contribution of advertising likability on organizational performance as well as the interactive role it plays with corporate image on performance of insurance firms. This study, however is limited to insurance firms and thus hamper generalization. Further studies, should include other financial institutions or consider heterogeneous sectors to foster generalization. Further studies should also look at the contribution of social media advertising in the context of organizational performance.

Source: KNUST
The effect of corporate social responsibility on cocoa licensed buying companies performance: the mediating effect of brand loyalty

Firms or institutions are craving to stay relevant and productive through the implementation of socially responsible practices. Many business firms have realized the immense benefits of being socially responsible in the communities in which they operate. Studies have unraveled that, there are mediating and moderating factors that influence firm’s performance aside corporate social responsibilities. This study investigated the effect of corporate social responsibility on cocoa licensed buying companies, assessed the effect of CSR on brand loyalty and how brand loyalty mediates the relationship between CSR and firm performance. The respondents for this study were cocoa purchasing clerks in Obuasi Municipality, regional managers of cocoa licensed buying companies, workers of Ghana Cocoa Board, marketing and brand consultants. Convenience sampling under non-probability sampling was the sampling technique used. Out of the 200 respondents, 184 responded to the questionnaire. Items or measuring instruments for the study were adapted from the literature. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were done to establish the convergent validity of the adapted items and Cronbach Alpha was done to establish composite or construct reliability. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was the technique used to analysis the structural model. The results of the structural equation modelling indicated that, both CSR and BL have a positive relationship or influence on LBC Performance. From the structural model, it could be seen that the impact weight of Corporate Social Responsibility on Licensed Buying Company Performance appears less strongly with path coefficient of 0.50. Brand Loyalty as a mediating variable is strongly correlated with LBC Performance with a path coefficient of 0.72. To better comprehend the interrelatedness of CSR, BL and LBC Performance, it would be expedient another research is conducted to involve more mediating variables.

Source: KNUST
The effect of corporate social responsibility on firm performance: the mediating role of corporate image and brand performance

The study employed explanatory research design to evaluate the corporate social responsibility, corporate image, brand performance and firm performance. Thus, the study employed quantitative research method for data gathering and interpretation. The population of the study was top ranking employees of selected banks in kumasi. The study considered a sample size of 200 respondents. More so, the study employed primary source of data, which was done on the field using structured questionnaires. Respondents were sampled to respond to the questionnaires using purposive sampling technique. The data collected was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (spss). Thea study found that corporate social responsibility has a significant positive relationship with firm performance. The study found that corporate social responsibility has a significant positive relationship with corporate image. The study found that corporate social responsibility has a significant positive relationship with brand performance. Moreover, the study found that corporate image and brand performance mediates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and firm performance. The study recommends that firms should zealously engage in social investment as it has the potential of contributing the overall firm performance. The study suggests that in order to enhance the general corporate image of the firm, the firms should have promoted csr activities. Socially responsible activities enhance the brand image of companies’ goods as well as the company’s general image. The study again suggests that there is for intense csr initiates and it enhances and shape the performance of the brand. The study suggest that firms should be responsible socially to reap its accompanying benefits in terms of firm performance.

Source: KNUST
The effect of corporate social responsibility on the financial performance of banks: a case study of Ecobank Ghana Limited

ABSTRACT The protracted debate on Corporate Social Responsibility has left in its wake a number of divergent views. Besides an organization's generic orientation of being profitable, it is obliged to be socially responsible to all its stakeholders. In spite of CSR being highly publicized, there is little consensus about its essence to an organization and if an organization stands to benefit from being a socially responsible organization. Similarly, the literature on the link between CSR and Financial Performance is equally fraught with conflicting results which makes it all the more difficult to have some sort of consistency on the subject. It is against this background that the study was undertaken to further delve into the subject and ascertain whether a relationship exists between the two by focusing on the banking industry and for that matter Ecobank Ghana Limited. The study used a blend of qualitative and quantitative methods and made use of extensive data over a period of ten years to explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance. The financial performance of the bank was analyzed by considering three different measures of financial performance namely profit after tax, return on equity and return on assets in order to thoroughly assess its financial performance. The dataset was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 to assess the effect as well as test the hypotheses of the study to determine the existence of a relationship and the extent of the relationship between the dependent variable (financial performance) and the independent variable (corporate social responsibility expenditure) with size and financial leverage as control variables. The results of the analysis indicate that CSR has a positive effect on financial performance with regards to profit after tax, supporting the view that social responsibility can be associated with a series of benefits like enhanced organizational image, customer loyalty and ultimately financial performance. The study concludes on the basis that there is a significant relationship between CSR and profit after tax as a measure of financial performance.

Source: KNUST
The effect of credit management on profitability in ghanaian banks -the case of commercial banks in ghana

This study aims to investigate the effect of credit management on the profitability of Ghanaian banks. Both descriptive and explanatory research design was used to investigate the relationship between variables. The population of the study consists of commercial banks operating in Ghana. Specifically, nine commercial banks listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE). Secondary data were extracted from the annual financial reports of the banks and the Bank of Ghana (BoG) database. Descriptive statistics were used to give a general overview of the data. The study's hypotheses were tested using a panel regression analysis (random effect model). The findings showed that non-performing loans have a negative significant effect on banks' profitability, however, provision of loan loss and loan-to-value have no significant effect on banks profitability. The findings also showed that the banks have to a greater extent adopted Basel Accords and other regulatory frameworks for credit risk management. It is recommended that the banks review and adjust provisioning procedures on a regular basis to appropriately represent anticipated credit losses.

Source: KNUST
The effect of credit risk management on performance of listed banks in ghana

The whole business model of the banking industry is premised on risks taking. Therefore, credit risk management is a core priority for commercial banks. Using secondary data from the nine GSE-listed banks, the research explored how credit risk management affects bank performance in Ghana. The banks' panel data was from 2009 through 2020. Risk management was monitored by NPL and CAR, while bank performance was measured by ROA and ROE. The POLS, FE, and RE models were given for both dependent variables. The POLS, FE, and RE models indicated that NPL adversely affected bank performance. In all models, the Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR) did not affect bank performance statistically. Bank leverage was favourably correlated with bank performance (ROA as the proxy) but nonsignificant when ROE was the dependent variable. The POLS model was used to quantify the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on bank NPL. COVID19 was shown to positively correlate with NPL, indicating that named banks' NPL grows with its duration. Trend study indicated that bank NPL rose significantly between 2019 and 2020 owing to the pandemic. The Hausman test picked RE above POLS and FE as the consistent model. The report suggests that banks use real-time technology and professional credit risk committee directors to evaluate loan applicants' creditworthiness before giving loans. Therefore, future studies should consider investigating the influence of the credit risk committee and digitization on banks' credit risk levels (NPL) as well as their performance.

Source: KNUST
The effect of credit risk management on loan portfolio of Akim Bosome Rural Bank Limited.

Providing of credit facilities is one of the core businesses of Rural Banks and Akim Bosome Rural Bank Limited is no exception. The credit management function aids the efficient management and administration of rural bank loan portfolio in order to ensure reasonable distribution of funds and to encourage liquidity planning. A number of researchers have tried to answer the benefits of credit management; however it has remained uncertain for rural banks management on the effects of credit risk management on the loans portfolio quality. The main purpose of the research is to find out the effect of credit risk management on loan portfolio of the Akim Bosome Rural Bank. Descriptive research design was used and purposive method of sampling was also used to select the study units. The study used both primary and secondary data; primary data was gathered through questionnaires and secondary data from Akim Bosome Rural Bank reports. Data gathered was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The outcomes indicate that Akim Bosome Rural Bank has a clear written credit risk management policy in place with the board of directors having oversight responsibility for its execution. Also in the quest of Akim Bosome Rural Bank in reducing the non-performing loans of their total loan portfolio, the bank have skewed their loan granting from the Agriculture sector which was one of the main reasons for the establishment of rural banks to salary loans and transport loans because of the risk factor. The study recommends that Akim Bosome Rural bank should work in partnership with credit reference bureau in the country to comprehensively investigate the past credit worthiness records of all loan applicants so as to reduce the high level of default. Also they should consider the establishment of loan recovery department to reduce the loan losses incurred by the bank.

Source: KNUST
The effect of customer behaviour on employee job satisfaction and turnover intentions: the case of frontline staff of Standard Chartered Bank Limited.

One of the widely accepted marketing mantras is ‘service with a smile’. Supervisors are oftenmonitoring service employees to ensure control over emotional expressions with ‘service with a smile’ as the goal. If customers exhibit negative behaviours (such as verbal attack or unreasonable demand), the employee expected to regulate his or her response or risk venting at the customer. These negative customer behaviours however do affect the emotions of the employee, knowing that s/he cannot react negatively because the firm sees the customers as always right. This study thus sought to ascertain the effect of customer behaviour on frontline staff’ satisfaction and turnover intentions at Standard Chartered Bank Limited. The study was quantitative in nature and adopted descriptive and explanatory research approach. The population for the study comprised frontline staff of the bank’s branches located in Ashanti region, who were numbered at 49. The study however was able to draw 42 out of the 49 frontline staff. SPSS (v.20) was used in data analysis, where results were presented as frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviations and multiple linear regression. The study concluded that, gender and position and position of frontline staff, had a positive significant relationship with staff’ job satisfaction. Abusive customer behaviour and unreasonable customer demand had a negative effect on employee satisfaction. Age of respondents, position, years of engagement and educational level, had a significant inverse relationship with Stanchart frontline staff’ intention to leave the bank. Abusive customer behaviour had a positive effect on customer satisfaction, implying that, more abusive customer behaviours increases staff’ turnover intention, and vice versa. Unreasonable customer demand however, had significant effect on staff’ turnover intention. It is recommended that management put systems in place manage abusive customers to minimise their effect on organisational commitment

Source: KNUST
The effect of credit risk on bank performance: a case of selected listed banks in ghana

The study examines the effect of credit risk factors on financial performance. Selected listed banks in Ghana were chosen as the demographic for this research. Purposive sampling was used in this study to sample 9 listed banks in Ghana. Secondary data was gathered through annual reports submitted by companies for the period (2010-2021). A Pooled OLS and Random effect method of estimation were adopted to estimate the parameters involved in the study objectives. This finding supports the hypothesised negative relationship between nonperforming loans and financial performance. Due to the negative correlation between NPLs and financial performance, commercial banks would rather fund long-term investments with clean loans. According to the results, financial institutions prefer to invest retained earnings in the acquisition of new assets, and they want the total number of loans to be sizable and free of defects. The implications of this research for researchers, professionals, and policymakers are extensive. By conducting a thorough analysis of client data and information throughout the credit analysis process, bank management can reduce the possibility of information mismatch. Similarly, management should invest in robust credit information systems to eliminate knowledge gaps and enhance access to complete, accurate, and trustworthy borrower data. Moreover, bank management must employ efficient methods for managing the loans they currently hold. To ensure operational efficiency ratios and capital adequacy, however, authorities must closely monitor changes in cost-to-income ratios and the capital position of banks. In particular, regulators must create laws and tracking mechanisms that sound the alarm when the proportion of non-performing loans at a bank reaches an unsustainable level and the bank is likely to fail.

Source: KNUST
The effect of customer value creation on the firm performance. The mediating role of information technology. The case of the telecom industry of Ghana.

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of customer value creation on the firm performance through the mediating role of information technology among telecommunication companies in Ghana. This study was grounded on a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive research approach. A meticulously designed questionnaire was employed to collect data from 207 employees across prominent mobile network operators. The study adopted Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 and Hayes Process Macro module 4.0 to conduct regression, reliability, correlation, descriptive and mediation analysis. The study found customer value creation had a significant and positive influence on firm performance. Information technology also had a positive effect on firm performance. Information technology mediates the nexus between customer value creation and firm performance among telecommunication companies in Ghana. Managers of organizations are recommended to prioritize customer-centric strategies and proficient IT integration to bolster overall performance.

Source: KNUST
The effect of customer orientation on business growth among exporting firms in ghana.

Less research has been done on the simultaneous effects of customer orientation and customer relationship orientation on innovativeness and success in export markets, particularly in Ghana. This study looked at how customer orientation affected business growth among exporting companies in Ghana's Greater Accra area. Descriptive research was used in this study. 15 exporting businesses in the Greater Accra area were taken into account. One hundred and fifty (150) respondents were made the sample size, with ten respondents drawn from each of the fifteen exporting companies in the area. Version 26 of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed as the statistical software for this investigation, and regression analysis was applied. The study discovers that while there was no measurable influence of customer orientation on sales turnover among exporting firms, there was a discernable footprint of customer orientation on the sales turnover of the exporting firms when firm size and type of industry were moderated. This study also shown that the Greater Accra region's exporting enterprises' return on investment is significantly impacted by client orientation alone. Accordingly, the report advises that, if they want to maximize their return on investments, all stakeholders of exporting enterprises in Ghana's Greater Accra region, regardless of their size or kind of sector, should pay close attention to client orientation. However, stakeholders should also be aware that client orientation does not, by itself, have an impact on the expansion of exporting enterprises' sales. Additionally, this study recommends that additional studies be carried on implications of customer orientation on sales and ROI of e-commerce of exporting businesses located in Ghana's other regions besides the Greater Accra region.

Source: KNUST
The effect of decentralization on stakeholder involvement in local development: Dormaa East District Assembly.

This research was carried out to examine the effects of decentralization on citizen participation in local level development within the Dormaa East District. Data obtained through a questionnaire survey with officials of the Dormaa East district assembly and community members were necessary in order to obtain first-hand information on the key issues of the topic under study. Varied sampling methods including random and nonrandom sampling techniques were used to select a total of 120 community members and 5 officials of the district assembly for the research. The data analysis was in the form of comprehensive statements and analytical descriptions based on the primary data and secondary information using SPSS (v 20) and Microsoft excel 2010. Analysis of the data revealed that community involvement in development programmes was in different independent phases comprising Informing, Consulting, Decision Making, Initiating and Action levels of participation. Majority of the respondents indicated being informed about the development projects being undertaken in their communities. However, an implication of this finding was that being informed did not suggest that people would engage in the other levels of participation. Some significant factors that impede effective community participation in development were low level of education among the beneficiaries; lack of awareness about programmes; lack of clearly defined roles for participants; and apathy on the part of the beneficiaries. In this regard, it is imperative to educate local people to help sensitize and erase certain erroneous impression about them on community participation in the decentralization process.

Source: KNUST