ghanaopendata/ghanaian-research-english huggingface dataset:
Financial performance appraisal of fan milk limited

This piece of work attempts to provide an empirical validation of some of the widely held existing theories on the determinants of firm performance. The study used financial statements of a Ghanaian manufacturing firm, Fan Milk Limited over a time frame of five years from 2002 to 2006. The main problem that triggered this work was that shareholders as owners do not get involved in the day to day running of the company since ownership and control are separated in limited liability companies and that this all important activity is left in the hands of managers who act as stewards. The study mainly sought to investigate into the financial health, safety and probability of bankruptcy and determined the assets, dividend and net profit rates of the company and to analyze the financial performance of the company. Literature was reviewed on financial performance appraisal while the methodology focused on the Z-cores, trend and growth analysis in accordance with the reasons for the trend in an interview. Z-scores, financial ratios, specifically profitability, liquidity and investor as well as the company’s growth rate calculated from the same financial statements were used to analyze the financial performance of Fan Milk Limited for the respective years. The company had been profitable and is worth investing into but needs to improve its liquidity position. It has been growing positively but needs to utilize its assets effectively. Financially, Fan Milk Limited could be said to be safe, healthy and devoid of probable bankruptcy for the five year period from 2002 to 2006. This piece of work recommends that the company expands its scope by coming out with other product lines to widen the market base and help effective utilization of assets to generate further returns.

Source: KNUST
A financial performance appraisal of Ghana Commercial Bank Limited: a case study of KNUST Branch (1999-2004)

A general introduction of the topic “A Financial Performance Appraisal of Ghana Commercial Bank Ltd. A Case Study of KN1JST Branch 1999 — 2004” was given in Chapter One. In the introduction, the challenges facing the banking industry and the GCB Ltd were highlighted. This study has sought to identify the constraints and factors affecting mobilization of savings and financial intermediation; assess the operational efficiency of GCB Ltd. using the KNUST branch voted the best unit in 2004 as a benchmark and then make appropriate recommendations. The main findings were that there was a fairly high level of dissatisfaction with the congested banking hail of the branch and the resultant long customer turn-around time; assets quality were found to be better at the KNUST branch than within the bank as a whole due to timely delivery of credit facilities and good monitoring at the KNIJST branch; increasingly, customers were placing emphasis on easy accessibility to their accounts (proximity), good service delivery (customer care) and good credit delivery in their objectives for choosing a particular bank when opening accounts than interest rate levels charged/paid by the bank. In all, the findings indicate that the KNUST branch is doing better in terms of deposit mobilization, credit delivery, assets quality and profitability than the GCB Ltd. in general as reflected in its end-of-year financial accounts. In view of this, recommendations were given to help solve the identified challenges in the research findings. Among the recommendations are that the bank’s credit delivery should be improved through decentralisation and monitoring and also the need for networking of all branches and provision of adequate ATMS to make accessibility to customers’ accounts easy and to ease congestion at the banking halls; that deposit mobilization could substantially improve if transaction time and hence congestion at the banking halls could be reduced to the industry’s minimum. Extent of government interference [shareholding] should also be reduced.

Source: KNUST
Financial Performance Appraisal of Ecobank Ghana Ltd (2001-2007)

This study seeks to appraise the financial performance of Ecobank Ghana Limited between the period 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2007, a seven year period.. The study attempts to initiate a general overview and open discussions on the financial performance of the company with the view to ascertaining the effect of increasing competition and the bank's branch expansion policy on the financial standing of the company. Altman's Z-Score model was applied to explore the financial health status of the company over the seven year period before and after the merger. Further, the researcher used other financial tools and ratios to analyze the financial performance of the company for the period of the study. It was found out that, even in the midst of the intense competition in the banking industry, Ecobank Ghana had still managed to perform creditably with good liquidity, profitability, efficiency and leverage ratios as compared to the industry average. The financial health of the Company as computed using the Z-score also showed the company as being in the non-bankruptcy zone. The bank should embark on an aggressive deposit mobilization drive and try to reduce costs in order to stay on course to be amongst the top three banks in the country.

Source: KNUST
Financial Performance Appraisal of Juaben Rural Bank and Atwima Kwanwoma Rural Bank

Rural banks plays a very key role in a developing economies like that of Ghana as they provide banking services to low income communities who otherwise will not qualify for such facilities offered by commercial banks. This thesis applies financial ratio analysis in appraising the financial performance of 2 of the 22 rural banks in the Ashanti Region, Juaben Rural Bank (JRB) and Atwima Kwanwoma Rural Bank (AKRB). That is, evaluating how well the banks have performed over a seven year period (2000 - 2006). The goal is achieved through the evaluation of the banks under 4 key areas; namely profitability, liquidity, leverage and efficiency. In all, 14 ratios were used in assessing the banks under these four broader headings. The profitability measures revealed that AKRB was more profitable over the period than JRB even though the latter controlled cost better than the former. This was as a result of AKRB introducing some debt which improved its capital base. However in terms of efficiency, JRB utilised its assets better than AKRB. Notwithstanding the debt in the capital structure of AKRB, both banks are highly protected against insolvency as shown by the leverage ratios. The banks were found to be liquid enough as the current assets were just enough to pay off their current liabilities. Finally, both banks were found to be having problems sustaining growth in profitability.

Source: KNUST
Financial Performance Appraisal of Rural Banks- a study of Adansi Rural Bank

In the wake of intense competition in the banking sector, most administrators and management of rural banks have had their attention drawn on improved financial performance of their operations. The objective of this research is to appraise the financial performance of rural Banks using ratio analysis from 2001 to 2005. Adansi Rural Bank was selected for the study. The study appraised performance in terms of profitability, liquidity leverage and investor ratios. Others are deposit mobilization and customer base trend as well as loans and/advances trend. The study also considered corporate social responsibility of Adansi Rural Bank for the period the research covered. The study made use of Annual Financial Statements in the form of Profit and loss Accounts and Balance Sheets of the bank from 2001 to 2005. Similarly, informal discussions were held to elicit responses from management and staff of the bank. The result of the study was that the bank met her liquidity requirements during the period. Profits of the bank increased in 2002 and 2003 respectively but fell in 2004 and 2005. Loans and advance to all sectors as well as deposit base increased and the bank contributed well to its corporate and social responsibility. On the whole, the banks financial performance showed improvement from 2001 to 2005. It is recommended that, the bank should improve upon its profitability by granting more loans/advances to customers on reasonable terms, and reduce investment in stationery to make resources available to improve its liquidity position.

Source: KNUST
Financial performance appraisal of Sinapi Aba Trust (2001-2006)

For some time now accessing credit from the formalized institutions has become difficult. Microfinance institutions evolved to perform financial intermediaries to small scale enterprises. Sinapi Aba Trust (SAT), a microfinance institution is performing it duties but is faced with some problems like competition from well established banks. The study sought to access the financial performance of Sinapi Aba Trust (SAT) from 2J)01- 2006. The assessment made use of audited financial statements of the company. Again top management and 50 clients of SAT were also interviewed to know their views about how the company could be sustained. The analysis reviewed that in both profitability and efficiency they were doing well except operational expenses that was too much. The conclusion reached from the appraisal of Sinapi Aba Trust which is (a Christian Non Profit Organization) for the past six years has proved that the Trust's performance on the average is desirable. In the light of the above findings, recommendations have been suggested for the growth of the Trust.

Source: KNUST
“The financial performance of Commercial Banks in Ghana: an empirical analysis”

The main objective of this study is to examine empirically the financial performance of commercial banks in Ghana over the period 1999-2006 based on their financial statements. The study further categorized commercial banks into ranks on the basis of their financial characteristics revealed by their financial ratios. Four commercial banks with about 204 branches nationwide were financially analysed. On the basis of their deposits, loans, assets, shareholder equity, net profits, return on equity, return on deposits and return on assets, Barclays Bank Ghana (BBG) ranked the best performing bank followed by Standard Chartered Bank (SCB), Ghana Commercial Bank (GCB) and Ecobank Ghana (EBG) respectively. Using regression and correlation analysis as well as ANOVA, the impact of asset management and bank size on the financial performance of these banks was modelled. The study concludes that the bank with higher total deposits, loans, total assets or their growth rates does not always mean better profitability performance.

Source: KNUST
Financial performance implications of capital budgeting practices of private waste management firms in Ghana. A case study of zoomlion Ghana limited

This study examined the financial performance implications of capital budgeting practices of private waste management firms in Ghana with emphasis on Zoomlion Ghana limited. Specifically, the study sought to: find out if development projects correspond with profitability, check whether the project is subject to rigorous defined procedures and finally, to recognize the appropriate capital budgeting techniques and activities that could enhance the monetary progress of the waste management sector. The population for the study was 44 consisting of all the Regional Offices and head office of Zoomlion Ghana Ltd with particular reference to staff at the Finance and Account units. The study assumed a philosophy of positivism to assess the relationship of capital budgeting processes and monetary growth and employed survey design. The purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 12. The main instrument used for the study was a questionnaire.

Source: KNUST
Financial Performance of Small Investment Advisory Firms In Ghana: A Case Study of New Generation Investment Services Limited (N.G.I.S)

From 2000-2007, firms in the investment advisory industry in Ghana have increased from seventeen (17) to twenty-seven (27) (SEC annual report, 2006). Data collected from twenty (20) out of the twenty-seven licensed investment advisers indicated that the industry had a total of about GHØ 0.31 billion of the funds under management (SEC annual report, 2006). This research surveys the industry to determine the finrDJ1i performance of New Generation Investment Services Limited which was used as a case study. The study applies financial analysis and assesses the financial performance of New Generation Investment Services Limited i.e. evaluate how well the company has performed. The goal is achieved through implementation of different financial analyzing tools and techniques, mainly financial ratio analysis. Also, Altman’s Z-score was calculated for the various years under consideration. The average Altman’s Z-score was estimated to predict the future of the company. Ratio analysis showed that profitability of the company was very poor. It was connected with negative returns on both return on capital employed and profit margins. There were also low returns on assets. However, other types of ratios were at acceptable levels. Activity ratios that define the company’s market strategies had more or less good figures as well as the liquidity ratios. According to ratio analysis of financial leverage, the studied company was financially independent. The study also revealed that the average Altman’s Z-score of New Generation Investment Services Limited was 2.3357. This means that, theoretically the company is in a “Grey” zone. As a result of that if the financial position of the company keeps on improving as per the financial statements then the company will be in a position to fulfill the going concern concept, otherwise, it will drop to the distress zone.

Source: KNUST
Financial records keeping and small-scale enterprises: a case study of kassena-nankana municipality

Good financial recordkeeping enables business organizations to plan properly y and also check for misappropriations of resources. The stud y evaluated the effects of financial records keeping on Small Scale Enterprises (SSEs) in the Kassena-Nankana municipality. The stud y made use of the mixed app roach which combines both the quantitative and qualitative designs. A descriptive c ross-sectional stud y design was adopted in the stud y. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, tables and percentages. The stud y found that record keeping assisted SSEs in calculating profit for the r businesses and enabled them to analyze in detail the spending and revenue of their businesses. The stud y also revealed that man y SSEs earned income which goes a long way to reduce their poverty levels indication a vital role in reducing poverty y. The study recommends that that record keeping in SSEs must be made mandatory to imp rove the r accounting practices and increase chances of them imp roving their business operations. Additionally, SSEs should separate the activities of their businesses from their personal activities.

Source: KNUST
The Financial viability of Organic Vegitation Production

Apart from its high cost, chemical fertilizer, when used for intensive crop production leaves the soil acidic and when washed away into water bodies, becomes a threat to aquatic and human life. In the light of the above argument, organic farming is gradually becoming popular in urban and peri-urban agriculture, especially with regard to irrigated urban vegetable production. However, the financial viability of organic urban vegetable production has not been assessed vis-à-vis that of chemical fertilizer. The main objective of this study was to assess the financial viability of poultry manure, an organic soil/nutrient amendment factor, as an economic and sustainable alternative to inorganic fertilizer in cabbage production in the Kumasi Metropolis. A total of sixty (60) cabbage farmers were sampled for the study by means of the stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered from each of the sampled farmers through the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire, alongside informal interviews, discussions, and field observations. The primary indicators of comparison were economic yield and profitability. Data was analysed with tables, charts, percentages, means, the Cost-Benefit ratio, the One-way ANOVA with the Tukey HSD Test, and Marginal Analysis. Results of the study revealed a significant difference between the economic yields (outputs) of organically and inorganically produced cabbage, as well as their respective profitability at the 0.05 level of significance. With a 751% Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) against a cut-off rate of 100% Marginal Acceptable Rate of Return (MARR), combination of Poultry Manure and Inorganic Fertilizer as a method of soil fertility management in cabbage production emerged as the most recommendable, with respect to financial returns/benefits. It is recommended that the cabbage farmers form associations, in order to be able to eliminate or minimize the exploitative power of middlemen, and thereby guaranteeing better returns.

Source: KNUST
Financial sector policy reforms and credit provision in Ghana

This study examines the effects of financial liberalization and policy reforms on credit delivery in particular and financial sector development as a whole. Financial sector development in Ghana has been influenced by a number of factors. Prior to the FINSAP reforms, government policy mistakes, macro-economic problems, and the lack of financial infrastructure together created a repressed financial system. With hindsight, the financial policies pursued under FINSAP were directed instead at improving the operational efficiency of financial institutions, rather than addressing the structural constraints in financial intermediation. The financial sector continues to exhibit weaknesses after a decade of FINSAP due to the problems of macro-economic instability, lack of competition, and the lack of an enabling financial infrastructure. It would be illusory not to link financial sector development to the economic development of the country as a whole. At the end of the day, the responsibility for ensuring a soundl and efficient financial system lies on government to promote a stable macro-economic environment, besides efforts to overcome infrastructural and institutional constraints.

Source: KNUST
Financial sustainability strategy for a not-for profit drug supply Organisation: the case of Catholic Drug Centre, Ghana

The World Bank defines NGOs as "private, not-for-profit organizations that pursue activities to relieve suffering, promote the interests of the poor, protect the environment, or undertake community development" (Hecht and Tanzi, 1993 cited in Waters, 1995). The catholic Drug Centre (CDC) which is an important unit of the Catholic Church's Department of Health (DOH) is a not-for-profit organization. CDC supply pharmaceuticals through wholesale to catholic hospitals and other mission hospitals and clinics as well as other NGOs who provide healthcare. « The past few years have witnessed CDC experiencing some financial difficulties. One area is CDC's inability to pay suppliers on time even when agreements have been signed to that effect. The aim of the work was to study the financial sustainability of the Catholic drug centre and come up with strategies that will sustain the non-profit drug supply unit. A thorough study was done on the various activities of CDC as a non-profit drug supply organization with emphasis on financial activities and sustainability issues. Questionnaires and interviews to address issues in the various objectives were prepared and distributed to the appropriate quarters to serve as a foundation for the design of a financial sustainability strategy model for the Catholic Drug Centre. Financial performance appraisal of CDC was undertaken through the use of ratio analysis. EPI-INFO and Microsoft Excel were employed to analyze the quantitative data. The study concluded that the Catholic Drug Centre is not sustainable in its current financial status. Some urgent measures are needed to be taken in order to salvage CDC from collapse.

Source: KNUST
Financial viability of Cocoa agroforestry systems in Ghana: The case of Sefwi Wiawso District

Despite the massive contribution of cocoa to the economy of Ghana it is been alleged to contribute to deforestation as new cocoa plantations in the Western Region of Ghana are planted without shade trees. Cocoa agroforestry system has been described as one of the best examples of permanent agriculture that preserves forest environment and biodiversity. A financial viability analysis of the various agroforestry systems (no shade, low shade, medium shade and heavy shade) in Ghana were undertaken to determine the most viable. A discounted cash flow analysis was carried out to estimate the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) at 20 percent interest rate. The result indicated that all the cocoa agroforestry systems were profitable. Although all the cocoa agroforestry system were viable the no shade had the highest revenue in the early years of the cocoa life but it was short lived whiles the revenue from the shade trees boosted the revenue for the heavy shade cocoa agroforestry system at the end of 50 years rotation period. Further analysis were done to determine the viability of the cocoa agroforestry systems by varying some variables like the price of cocoa, yield of cocoa and the cost of fertilizer. The viability indictors showed that all the systems were viable; the medium shade was the most viable and also ensures sustainable cocoa production over long period. Opportunity still exists for improvement in the profitability in cocoa agroforestry systems, introduction of extension education and access to credit policies are among policy options suggested by the study.

Source: KNUST
Financing and evaluation of investments in road infrastructure development

The role of road transportation as a catalyst for accelerated socio-economic development is not in doubt. Road Transportation facilitates the movement of people, goods and services within the country. It provides service to other sectors such as tourism, mining, health, trade, education, agriculture, energy among others. Investments in Road infrastructure development may not be evaluated using only traditional appraisal methods such as the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Accounting Rate of Return (ARR), Payback Method etc. This is due to the fact that road infrastructure comes with other social and economic benefits that are difficult to quantify in monetary terms. For example, when a locality is opened up through the construction of efficient roads, people get more access to social services like schools, health, entertainment and others. These social benefits in turn improve the well-being of the citizenry concerned. Better roads also lead to a reduction in the average travel time. This reduction in time in turn leads to savings in terms of fuel and man hours. Thus the evaluation of investments in road infrastructure development should not be based solely on the economic benefits expected from the road in question. The Government is the main financier of road infrastructure development in Ghana. This funding comes from three main sources; the Consolidated Fund, the Ghana Road Fund and Donor Funds. Because government alone does not have all the required financial resources to undertake the needed road infrastructure development, there is the need to involve the private sector in this area. Since the main aim of the private businessman is profit maximization, their involvement in road financing should be regulated to prevent them from exploiting the general public.

Source: KNUST